Unit6 必背知识清单1-2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦译林版牛津英语（2024）八下Unit 6“Sunshine for all”主题，系统梳理核心词汇、短语及句型。从描述特殊群体的形容词（blind, deaf, disabled等）入手，延伸至动词（donate, expect, require等）及其词形转换，再到短语搭配（go blind, turn a blind eye to）和句型（It seems that..., so that引导目的状语从句），形成从基础到应用的递进学习支架。 知识链路以“词汇-短语-句型”逻辑展开，通过对比辨析（如receive与accept的主客观差异）、词形关联（able→disable→disability）及功能句型（so that表目的）构建体系。亮点在于结合例句强化语言能力，通过归纳否定前缀dis-培养思维品质，提供动词搭配（donate to, remind sb. to do）助力学习能力提升，帮助学生系统掌握单元知识，提升综合语言运用能力。

Read and recite it one more time, and you'll really get the hang of it. --- Allan 译林版牛津英语（2024）八下学霸必背知识清单 Unit 6 Sunshine for all Welcome to the unit 1. blind adj. 失明的 · go blind 失明 a blind person 一位盲人 the blind = blind people盲人 (指一类人) She went blind at the age of ten. 她10岁的时候失明了。(作表语) I helped a blind person cross the road on the way home. 我在回家的路上帮助了一个盲人过马路。(作定语) Many volunteers often help the blind (blind people) read books. 许多志愿者经常帮助盲人读书。 · be blind to 看不见......; 意识不到......（强调状态） turn a blind eye to 故意装没看见......（强调动作） He is blind to his own mistakes. 他看不到自己的错误。 Don’t turn a blind eye to your child’s bad habits—you’ve known it for long. 别对孩子的坏习惯故意视而不见，你早就心知肚明了。 · blindness n. 失明 Blindness can make daily life more difficult for some people. 失明会让一些人的日常生活变得更加困难。 2. deaf adj. 聋的 · go/become deaf 变聋 the deaf = deaf people耳聋的人 (指一类人) He is deaf in one ear. 他一只耳朵聋了。(作表语) The deaf girl often uses body language to show her feelings. 那个耳聋的女孩经常用肢体语言来表达她的感受。(作定语) People who work and live in noisy conditions might become deaf. 在嘈杂环境中工作和生 活的人可能会失聪。 · be deaf to sth. 对…听而不闻/不理会（持续的态度或习惯） tum a deaf ear (to sb./sth.) (对某人/某事物)置之不理/充耳不闻（具体、有意的动作） He is always deaf to others' advice. 他向来对别人的劝告听而不闻。 Don’t turn a deaf ear to your teacher’s suggestions. 不要对老师的建议故意装作没听见。 3. disabled adj. 有残疾的 · the disabled = disabled people 残疾人（复数概念） He was born disabled but he didn't give up. 他天生残疾，但是他没有放弃。 The disabled need more care and support from society. 残疾人需要社会更多的关爱和支持。 · dis - 为否定前缀，表示 "不；非；相 反；相对", 可加在某些词前构成其反义词。如: agree (v. 同意)→disagree (v. 不同意) appear (v. 出现)→disappear (v. 消失) honest (adj. 诚实的)→dishonest (adj. 不诚实的) 4. elderly adj. 上了年纪的 · the elderly = elderly people 老年人（礼貌委婉） old people = the old 老人（普通直白） The elderly are respected in our country. 老年人在我国受尊敬。 Old people like to take a walk in the park. 老人喜欢在公园里散步。 · elder adj. 年纪较长的 elder brother/sister哥哥/姐姐 His elder son Bill is a doctor. 他的大儿子比尔是个医生。 My elder brother often helps me with my study. 我哥哥经常帮我学习。 5. What about people with disabilities? 那残疾人呢？ · disability n. (某种) 缺陷，障碍 people with disabilities 残疾人（礼貌委婉） He has a physical disability. 他有身体缺陷。 Her learning disability makes study hard for her. 学习障碍让她学习很吃力。 We should care for people with disabilities. 我们应该关爱残疾人。 · disabled adj. 有残疾的 → unable adj. 不能; 无法的 → able adj. 能，能够的 → ability n. 能力 be (un)able to do sth. （不）能够做某事 She is able to swim very well. 她很会游泳。 He is unable to finish the work alone. 他无法独自完成这项工作。 Reading can improve your learning ability. 阅读能提升你的学习能力。 6. Most governments provide different kinds of services to help them live a full life. 大多数政府提供不同种类的服务来帮助他们过上充实的生活。 · service n. 服务（指“服务项目、公共服务、一次服务”时，为可数名词；而指“笼统的服务、效劳、接待”时，为不可数名词） The centre offers many different services. 这个中心提供许多不同的服务项目。 Public services are important to our life. 公共服务对我们的生活很重要。 The shop is famous for its friendly service. 这家店以贴心服务闻名。 · serve v. (给某人) 提供，端上；服务 serve sth. to sb. = serve sb. sth. 把某物端给/供给/招待某人 Her job is to serve breakfast and lunch to teachers and students (= serve teachers and students breakfast and lunch). 她的工作是为老师和学生 提供早餐和午餐。 The waiter serves customers politely.服务员礼貌地服务顾客。 7. They usually do so by donating money. 他们通常通过捐款来援助。 · donate vt.&vi. 捐赠；捐献 donate sth. to sb. 把某物捐赠/捐献给某人 Peter bought some great books and donated them to children in need. 彼得买了一些好书，并把它们捐给有需要的孩子。 It's kind of the young man to donate blood to people in need. 那个年轻人为需要帮助的人献血，真是太善良了。 · donation n. 捐赠物；捐赠 make a donation to sb./sth. 向某人/某物捐赠 We received many donations from kind people. 我们收到了许多好心人捐赠的物品。 He made a donation to the disabled people yesterday. 他昨天向残障人士进行了捐赠。 Reading 1.... did not know what to expect when he volunteered for the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games. ......当他成为 2022 年北京冬季残奥会的志愿者时，他并不知道会发生什么。 · expect vt. 预料，预期；期待 expect sth. 期待/预料某事/物 expect (sb.) to do sth. 期待/预料（某人）做某事 We expect a heavy rain this afternoon. 我们预料今天下午会下大雨。 Teachers expect us to follow the rules. 老师期待我们遵守规则。 I didn’t expect him to come so early. 我没预料到他来得这么早。 2.The Paralympic Winter Games give athletes ... a chance to show their confidence and skills to the world. 冬季残奥会为......运动员提供了一个向世界展示自信心与技能的机会。 · confidence n. 自信心；信心（不可数）have confidence in... 对.....有信心 lose confidence in... 对.....失去信心 build up one's confidence 增强某人的信心 I have confidence in the ability of the players. 我对球员的能力有信心。 They are losing confidence in the company. 他们正逐渐对这个公司失去信心。 He used to be shy, but his friends' support built up his confidence. 他过去很害羞，但朋友们的支持增强了他的信心。 · confident adj. 自信的 be confident in sb./sth. 对某人/事有信心 be confident to do sth. 有信心做某事 She is confident in her English skills.她对自己的英语能力有信心。 He is confident to finish the work on time.他有信心按时完成工作。 3.This great international event requires support from lots of volunteers. 这项盛大的国际赛事需要许多志愿者的支持。 · require sth. 需要某物 The old people require more care and attention when they live alone. 老年人独居时需要更多的照顾和关注。 · require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 → be required to do sth. 被要求做某事 The teacher required us to finish our homework on time. 老师要求我们按时完成家庭作业。 All the students are required to take part in this activity. 所有的学生都被要求参加这项活动。 4.It is really nice of them to give up their spare time to help at the event. 他们放弃个人空闲时间为这项赛事提供帮助，真是太好了。 · spare adj. 空闲的，空余的 (in one's) spare time = (in one's) free time (在某人的)空闲时间 spare room 备用房间 What do you do in your spare time? 你空闲时间做什么？ We have a spare room for guests. 我们有一间给客人住的备用房间。 5.They received the necessary training so that they could provide help and protection for these amazing athletes. 他们接受了必要的培训，以便能为这些非凡的运动员提供帮助和保护。 · receive vt. 收到；接到（客观） receive a letter/call 收到一封信/一个电话 receive sth. from sb. 从某人那里收到某物 We received a warm welcome from our hosts. 我们受到了主人的热情欢迎。 He receives a letter from his friend every month. 他每个月都会收到朋友的来信。 · accept vt. 接受；认可(主观) I received a gift, but I didn't accept it. 我收到了一份礼物，但是我没有接受。 · necessary adj. 必需的，必要的 It's necessary (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来讲) 做某事是有必要的 if necessary 如果有必要 It's necessary for us to play sport an hour a day at school. 我们有必要在学校每天运动一小时。 Buy some gifts for your family if necessary. 如有必要，给你的家人买些礼品吧。 · so that 为了；以便（引导目的状语从句，从句谓语常含有情态动词 can、 could、may、might 等） We should learn English well so that we can tell China's stories to the world. 我们应该学好英语，以便能向世界讲述中国故事。 He raised his voice so that everyone could hear him. 他提高了声音，以便每个人都能听到。 6.His main job was to help athletes in wheelchairs get on and off the bus and remind them to put their seat belts on. 他的主要工作是帮助坐轮椅的运动员上下公共汽车，并提醒他们系好安全带。 · remind vt. 提醒 remind sb. of sb./sth. 使某人想起某人/某事 remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不要)做某事 The photo reminds me of my childhood. 这张照片使我想起了我的童年。 My teacher reminds us to finish homework on time. 老师提醒我们按时完成作业。 7.It seemed to them that the most important thing was not to win a medal,gold or silver, but to take part in the competition. 似乎对他们而言，最重要的事情不是赢得奖牌，不管是金牌还是银牌，而是参与比赛。 · It seems/seemed (to sb.) that ... (对某人而言) 似乎...... I find cooking great fun and it seems that I have a gift for cooking. 我发现烹饪很有趣，似乎我有烹饪的天赋。 It seems to me that we don't have many choices. 在我看来，我们似乎没有太多选择的余地。 · gold n. 金牌（可数，相当于gold medal）；金（不可数） He won three golds and a silver. 他赢得了三枚金牌和一枚银牌。 The craftsman turned gold into rings. 这名工匠把金子打成了戒指。 · silver n. 银牌（可数，相当于 silver medal）；银（不可数） He won a silver at the last Olympics. 他在上一届奥运会上赢得了一枚银牌。 This ring is made of silver.这枚戒指是银做的。 · competition n. 比赛；竞争 take part in a competition 参加一场竞赛 win/lose a competition 赢得/输掉比赛 I want to take part in a competition next week. 我想下周参加一场竞赛。 Our team won the competition yesterday. 我们队昨天赢得了比赛。 8.Athletes and volunteers from different backgrounds feel like part of one big family. 来自不同出身背景的运动员和志愿者感觉就像是大家庭中的一员。 · background cn. 出身背景；背景 family/cultural/educational background 家庭/文化/教育背景 Different countries have different cultural backgrounds. 不同国家有不同的文化背景。 The background of the photo is not clear. 这张照片的背景很模糊。 · feel like 感觉像，给人......感觉（后常接名词或从句等） The house feels like a small garden. 这房子给人一种小花园的感觉。 I feel like I am in a dream. 我感觉自己像在梦里一样。 · feel like sth. 想要某物 feel like doing sth. ( = want/would like to do sth.) 想要做某事 I feel like a drink. 我想要一杯饮料。 I don't feel like saying anything now. 我现在什么都不想说。 9.The athletes do their best to show their abilities through sport, while ... and help make the event a great success. 运动员们通过体育运动竭尽全力地展示自己的能力，而...... 助力赛事取得圆满成功。 · do/try one's best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大努力（去做某事） I can't promise anything, but I'll do my best. 我无法保证什么，但我会尽力而为。 We will do/try our best to make our city more beautiful. 我们将尽最大努力使我们的城市更加美丽。 · ability cn. 才能，本领；能力 have the ability to do sth. 有做某事的能力 improve/develop one’s ability 提升/培养某人的能力 beyond one’s ability 超出某人的能力范围 Everyone has the ability to change themselves. 每个人都有改变自己的能力。 Reading can improve your ability to write. 阅读能提升你的写作能力。 This difficult task is beyond my ability. 这项艰巨的任务超出了我的能力范围。 10.Their courage to achieve their goals, their love for life and their spirit of never giving up have greatly influenced me... 他们为实现目标展现的勇气、对生活的热爱以及永不言弃的精神，都极大地影响了我..... · courage un. 勇气 have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事 lose courage 失去勇气；气馁 He has the courage to face difficulties. 他有勇气面对困难。 He didn’t lose courage and kept trying. 他没有气馁，一直坚持尝试。 · encourage v. 鼓励；激励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 The teacher encourages us to take part in the competition.老师鼓励我们参加比赛。 · achieve vt. 达到 (目标等); 完成 achieve success 取得成功 achieve good results 得到好的结果 achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想（相当于realize one’s dream或make one’s dream come true） If you work hard, you will achieve success. 如果你努力，就会取得成功。 She studies hard and achieves good results. 她学习刻苦，取得了很好的成绩。 I believe I can achieve my dream one day. 我相信终有一天我能实现梦想。 · achievement n. 成就，成绩（可数）；完成（不可数） It is a great achievement for him. 这对他来说是一项伟大的成就。 We all hope for the achievement of our goals. 我们都希望自己目标能够达成。 · greatly adv. 非常，很（常用来修饰动词，表示程度） The high-speed railway has greatly changed people's life. It makes travel much easier. 高铁极大地改变了人们的生活。它使出行变得容易多了。 · influence vt.&n. 影响 influence sb./sth. 影响某人/某事物 be influenced by 受...... 的影响 have an influence on... 对……有很大影响 Some people believe that colours can influence our moods. 有些人认为颜色可以影响我们的情绪。 Children are easily influenced by people around them. 儿童容易受周围人的影响。 His words have a great influence on me.他的话对我影响很大。 11. I could not believe it when I was chosen to compete in the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games. 当我获选参加 2022 年北京冬季残奥会时，我简直不敢相信。 · compete vi. 参加比赛；竞争 compete in... 参加......比赛 compete with/against sb. 与某人竞争 compete for sth. 为某物/事而竞争 Many players compete in the game every year. 每年都有许多选手参加这项比赛。 I don't want to compete with my best friend. 我不想和我最好的朋友竞争。 All the students compete for the prize. 所有学生都为奖项而竞争。 12. To make sure everything runs smoothly, it is necessary for people from different backgrounds to work closely together. 为确保一切顺利进行，来自不同出身背景的人密切合作是必要的。 · make sure 确保；设法保证（后接that从句，多用一般现在时确保将来/现在要做的事，不用将来时will） Make sure you finish your homework on time. 确保你按时完成作业。 Please make sure the door is closed. 请确保门已经关好。 · smoothly adv. 顺利地；平滑地; 流畅地 go/run smoothly 进展/运转顺利 move smoothly 平稳移动 The sports meeting went smoothly. 运动会进展得很顺利。 The car moves smoothly on the road. 汽车在路上平稳行驶。 He spoke so smoothly that he won the first prize in the competition. 他演讲得非常流利，在比赛中获得了一等奖。 · smooth adj. 光滑的；顺利的 The stone is very smooth. 这块石头很光滑。 Wish you a smooth trip. 祝你旅途顺利。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $