Unit 7 Welcome to the unit&Reading&Grammar（导学案）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 7 Charities Welcome to the unit & Reading & Grammar 1.掌握Unit 7 Welcome to the unit&Reading部分的重点单词、短语和句型； 2.掌握一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态用法。 一、词汇运用。 1.AI is playing an important role in ___________ (医疗的) research for disease diagnosis. 2.Tom is an excellent team leader in the large ___________, and he ___________ some kinds of activities successfully in the past. (组织) 3.He didn’t want to get into a fight, so he decided to button his ___________/lɪp/. 4.The Red Cross is one of the most famous ___________ (charity) in the world. 5.According to China’s official report on 10 September 2025, lithium, a key resource for new energy vehicles, ___________ (find) to be abundant (大量的) in the “Asian Lithium Belt”. 6.During the recent flood control operation, a group of ___________ (volunteer) from local universities worked closely to offer supplies and help families in need. Their kindness inspired more people to join them. 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.这家出版公司成立于 2009 年。 This publishing company ____________________________________________. 2.数百万人因为战争无家可归，过着艰苦的生活。 ________________________ became homeless and ________________________ because of the war. 3.多亏了各地政府的支持，最新出台的育儿补贴政策将惠及中国很多家庭。 _____________________________________ the support of the local governments, many families in China ________________________________________ the newly-introduced child-care subsidy policy. 4.幸运的是，这家医院决定为她提供免费的手术和医疗服务。 Luckily, this hospital decided to provide her ______________________________________________. 5.这个可怜的男孩天生听力就有缺陷，听不到任何声音。 The poor boy ________________________ a hearing defect and can’t ________________________. 参考答案 一、1.medical 2.organization, organized 3.lip 4.charities 5.was found 6.volunteers 二、1.was founded/set up in 2009 2.Millions of people, lived a hard life 3.Thanks to, will benefit from 4.with free operations and medical care/services 5.was born with, hear anything 第一部分 Welcome to the unit 【知识梳理1】It was founded in 1982. 它成立于 1982 年。 found 〔及物动词〕创建；建立通常指创建组织或机构等。 ____________________________________________他去年创办了一家新的慈善机构。 The Communist Party of China ______________________中国共产党成立于 1921 年。 注意 found 也是 find 的过去式和过去分词，意为 “发现，找到”。 ____________________________________________昨天她在桌子上找到了钥匙。 ____________________________________________看我发现了什么！ 答案：He founded a new charity last year. was founded in 1921. She found her keys on the table yesterday. Look what I’ve found! 【即时练习】 1．China Welfare Institute________in 1938. It has many special________to support children and women at home and abroad. A．was found; aims B．was founded; benefits C．was founded; rights D．was founded; programmes 2．Many charities ________ to help people in need every year, and their work is highly praised. A．are founded B．were founded C．found D．will find 3．Tsinghua University was ________ (建立) in 1911 and it is one of the best universities in China. 4．The company ________ (found) by my grandfather in 1980. 答案：1．D 2．A 3．founded 4．was founded 【知识梳理2】There are about 6,000 medical volunteers in this organization. 该组织有大约 6 000 名医疗志愿者。 medical 〔形容词〕医疗的；医学的在句中多作定语。 _____________________________________________中国正在向世界提供大量医疗救助。 _____________________________________________他正在一所医学院学习。 拓展 medicine〔名词〕医学；药 _____________________________________________现在中医在西方国家很受欢迎。 答案：China is offering a lot of medical help to the world. He is studying in a medical college. Chinese medicine is very popular in western countries now. 【即时练习】 1．You should take some ________ (药；医学) after meals if the doctor tells you to. 2．He wants to become a doctor and work in the ________ field. (medicine) 3．In order to pass down traditional Chinese ________, she makes up her mind to study it in a ________ college. (medicine) 答案：1．medicine 2．medical 3．medicine medical 第二部分 Reading 【知识梳理3】Over one billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 全球有超过十亿人正遭受着各类眼疾的困扰，其中约 90% 的病例是可以预防或治愈的。 (1) billion 〔名词〕十亿 ① billion 与基数词连用时表示确切的数目，billion 后不加 -s，且不与 of 连用。 _____________________二十亿人 ② billions of 数十亿的表示不确切的数目，前面不能再加基数词。 __________________________________________夜空中闪耀着数十亿颗星星。 拓展 与billion 用法类似的词还有 hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万）。 (2) 百分数90 per cent of... 意为 “90% 的……”，per cent 意为 “百分之……”，常以单数形式出现，前面为基数词，即：基数词 + per cent of。在美式英语中，per cent 常拼写为 percent。 70 per cent of the land here_____________________. 这里 70% 的土地被森林覆盖。 About 60 per cent of students in this class__________________________________________.这个班约 60% 的学生加入了学校体育社团。 注意： “基数词 + per cent of + 名词” 作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于名词的数。名词是复数，谓语动词一般用复数形式；名词是不可数名词或可数名词单数，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。 (3) cure ①〔及物动词〕治好（疾病）；治愈 cure sb of sth 治好某人的…… 病 __________________________________________现代医学如今能治愈许多疾病。 __________________________________________这种特别的药治好了他的头痛。 ②〔名词〕治疗；疗法；疗程；药物 cure for... …… 的疗法 _______________________________________________________________ 科学家仍在努力寻找这种病的治疗方法。 __________________________________________此疗程花了六个星期。 答案：1.two billion people Billions of stars shine in the night sky. 2. is covered with forests have joined the school sports club. 3.Modern medicine can now cure many diseases. The special medicine cured him of his headache. Scientists are still working to find a cure for this disease. The cure took six weeks. 【即时练习】 1．More than ________ people in the world don’t have enough water to drink. A．billions of B．2 billions C．2 billions of D．2 billion 2．The old man’s eye problem ________ by the doctor last month, and now he can see clearly. A．cured B．was cured C．is cured D．cures 3．Nowadays, doctors are able to cure the patients ________ many diseases, but they are still looking for the cure ________ cancer. A．of; for B．for; for C．of; of D．for; of 4．There are ________ of stars that twinkle like tiny lights in the night sky. (billion) 5．Many patients ________ (cure) by the experienced doctors in the hospital every year. 6．The doctor successfully ________ (治愈) the young boy’s rare disease after months of treatment. 7．I’ll try my best to ________ (治疗) the patient, but I am not sure whether I can ________ (治愈) him or not. 答案：1．D 2．B 3．A 4．billions 5．are cured 6．cured 7． treat cure 【知识梳理4】Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. 奥比斯的 “眼科飞机医院” 项目始于 1982 年，旨在帮助贫困地区的病人。 patient ①〔可数名词〕病人 ________________________________________________这位病人刚刚做了眼部手术。 ②〔形容词〕能忍耐的，有耐心的 ________________________对某人有耐心 ________________________________________________如果想学好一门新语言，你需要有耐心。 ________________________________________________当学生们提问时，她对他们总是很有耐心。 一言辨异：__________________________________________________那名护士对她的病人很有耐心。 答案：The patient has just had an eye operation. be patient with sb You need to be patient if you want to learn a new language well. She is always patient with her students when they ask questions. The nurse is patient with her patients. 【即时练习】 1．The ________ (病人) needs to rest in bed for a few days. 2．We should be ________ (耐心的) with the old people when we talk to them. 3．Please wait ________ (patient) and don’t worry; the doctor will see you soon. 4．She never felt ________ (patient) with years of hard training. 答案：1．patient 2．patient 3．patiently 4．impatient 【知识梳理5】Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们的许多病人负担不起去医院看病的费用，所以我们必须主动去找他们。 (1) afford 〔及物动词〕能做，买得起后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，多用于否定句或疑问句中，常与 can, could, be able to 连用。 ______________________负担得起做某事 ____________________________________________这栋房子这么贵，我买不起。 ____________________________________________她负担不起她女儿的教育费用。 (2) go to hospital 去医院看病侧重表示 “去医院就医” 这一行为，强调 “看病、接受治疗” 的目的，不特指某一家医院。 ____________________________________________我发高烧了，今天下午需要去医院看病。 __________________________________________________________________如果你的胃痛一直没停，你应该马上去医院看病。 注意：如果表示去某一家医院，要在 hospital 前加定冠词 the，即 go to the hospital。 I need to go to the hospital to visit my friend.我要去那家医院看望朋友。 答案：1.afford to do sth The house is so expensive that I can’t afford it. She can’t afford to pay for her daughter’s education. 2.I have a high fever and need to go to hospital this afternoon. If your stomachache doesn’t stop, you should go to hospital immediately. 【即时练习】 1．At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ for her work. A．was told; to pay B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．told; paying 2．This competition is so important that I can’t afford ________ (lose) it. 3．The mother couldn’t afford ________ (pay) for her child’s ________ (treat). A charity heard about this and offered help. 4．I can’t _________ (买得起，付得起) this dress because its price is out of my reach. 答案：1．A 2．to lose 3．to pay treatment 4．afford 【知识梳理6】By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. 通过培训他们，我们希望更多人会从中受益。 (1) train ①〔及物动词〕培训，训练 ______________________训练某人做某事 ____________________________________________我们应该训练学生表现得有礼貌。 ②〔不及物动词〕培训，训练 ____________________________________________他正在为下个月的马拉松赛跑训练。 ③〔可数名词〕火车 ____________________________________________去年夏天我们在去巴黎的火车上认识的。 拓展 training〔不可数名词〕训练，培训 ____________________________________________工作前，我们应接受培训。 (2) benefit ①〔不及物动词〕得益于，得利于 ______________________意为 “从…… 中受益”，主语可以是人或事物。 ____________________________________________她在国外的一年里获益良多。 ____________________________________________这家公司已从新技术中获益。 ②〔及物动词〕使受益benefit sb/sth 意为 “使…… 受益”，主语通常是事物或行为。 ____________________________________________多喝牛奶对你的健康有益。 ③〔名词〕优势，益处，成效 the benefit of sth …… 的益处 / 优势 for the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益 be of benefit to sb/sth 对某人 / 某物有益 ____________________________________________她没看出出国留学的益处。 ____________________________________________她为了新员工的利益做了一次演讲。 ____________________________________________这本书对学生非常有益。 答案：1.train sb to do sth We should train students to behave politely. He’s training for the marathon next month. We met on a train to Paris last summer. Before work, we should receive training. 2.benefit from/by sth She benefited greatly from her year abroad. The company has benefited by the new technology. Drinking more milk benefits your health. She didn’t see the benefit of studying abroad. She gave a talk for the benefit of new workers. This book is of great benefit to students. 【即时练习】 1．The players need a lot of hard ________ (训练) before the game. 2．Also, they t________ (训练) local people to provide basic healthcare. 3．The athletes have to take part in strict ________ (train) before the competition. 4．Join us! You are going to ________ a lot ________ the study tour. (benefit) 5．There are many ________ (benefit) you can get from volunteer work. 6．Reading books can benefit you a lot. (改为意思相近的句子) You can enjoy ________ ________ ________ reading books. 答案：1．training 2．train 3．training 4．benefit from 5．benefits 6． the benefit of 【知识梳理7】During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. 在我上一次出诊期间，有 150 名患者接受了手术。 operate ①〔不及物动词〕动手术 _______________(给……) 做手术 _____________________________________________医生正在给那个女孩做手术。 ②〔及物动词〕操作；(使) 运转 _____________________________________________对他来说操作那台机器很难。 ______________________________给病人动手术 ______________________________操作机器拓展 _______________〔名词〕操作；手术 _____________________________________________手术后，他在医院住了一周。 答案：operate on The doctor is operating on the girl. It’s hard for him to operate the machine. operate on the patient operate a machine operation He stayed in the hospital for a week after the operation. 【即时练习】 1．The patient is badly hurt. He needs ________ at once. A．to operate on B．to be operated C．operating D．an operation 2．Dr Ma has performed ten ________, but more patients need ________. A．operate; operations B．operations; operating on C．operations; operated on D．operates; to be operated 3．The doctor ________ (operate) on the patient successfully last week. 4．This doctor is performing an ________ (operate) on the head of the patient. 5．The doctor couldn’t answer your phone because he ________ (operate) on a patient at that moment. 答案：1．D 2．B 3．operated 4．operation 5．was operating 【知识梳理8】Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured. 现代医学正在迅速发展，现在大多数眼部问题和疾病都可以得到治疗甚至治愈。 treat ①〔及物动词〕医治；治疗 treat sb for sth 因某种病症治疗某人 treat sb with sth 用某种药物或疗法治疗某人 ____________________________________________________医生去年为我奶奶治疗了心脏病。 ____________________________________________________ antibiotics.医生用抗生素治疗这位病人。 ②〔及物动词〕以…… 方式对待 treat sb/sth as/like... 把某人 / 某物当作…… ____________________________________________________我们的老师把我们当作他们自己的孩子。 ③〔及物动词〕招待；请 (客) treat sb to sth 用某物招待某人；以某物款待某人 ____________________________________________________让我请你吃一些饺子吧。 ④〔名词〕款待；招待 ____________________________________________________咱们到外面去吃午饭吧 —— 我请客。 ____________________________________________________布朗夫人热情地招待了我们。 答案：The doctor treated my grandmother for her heart disease last year. Doctors treated the patient with Our teachers treat us as/like their own children. Let me treat you to some dumplings. Let’s go out for lunch—my treat. Mrs Brown gave us a warm treat. 【即时练习】 1．After ________ the patient to cooperate with him, the doctor finally managed to ________ him of his disease. A．making; treat B．getting; cure C．making; cure D．getting; treat 2．I’m worried about the safety of the _________ (治疗、诊治) due to some uncertainties. 3．Do all the people have enough money for medical ________ (treat)? 答案：1．B 2．treatment 3．treatment 【知识梳理9】Before the operation, I lived in darkness. 在手术之前，我生活在黑暗中。 (1) before ①〔介词〕在…… 之前表示时间，后跟名词或动名词。与 before 相对的词是 after，意为 “在…… 之后”。I usually run for exercise before breakfast.早饭之前我通常跑步锻炼。 ________________________________________回家前我必须去看望他。 ②〔连词〕在…… 之前 (2) darkness 〔不可数名词〕黑暗由形容词 dark (黑暗的) 加名词后缀 -ness 构成。 ________________________________________在黑暗中 ________________________________________陷入黑暗 ____________________________________________________________我们在黑暗中穿过森林。 ____________________________________________________________停电后，这座大楼瞬间陷入黑暗。 拓展 形容词加后缀 -ness 构成的名词有： kind → kindness (仁慈) good → goodness (善良) happy → happiness (幸福) sad → sadness (悲伤) ill → illness (疾病) 答案：1.I must visit him before getting home. 2.in darkness fall into darkness We walked through the forest in darkness. When the power went out, the building fell into darkness immediately. 【即时练习】 1．They walked through the forest slowly, afraid of the ________ (dark) around them. 2．—Could you buy me some souvenirs (纪念品) before ________(return) from Hong Kong? —With pleasure. 答案：1．darkness 2．returning 【知识梳理10】In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. 除了直接帮助病人以外，奥比斯还做许多其他的事。 (1) in addition (to) 除…… 以外（还） in addition 单独使用，不接任何成分，通常位于句首，后面用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 in addition to 必须接具体的内容，可位于句首或句中，to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式。 _______________________________________________________________ 我们需要买牛奶和面包。另外，鸡蛋也在购物清单上。 _______________________________________________________________ 除英语外，他们还必须学习一门第二外语。 _______________________________________________________________ 除了做作业，她每天还花两小时阅读。 (2) directly 〔副词〕直接其形容词形式是 direct，意为 “直接的”。 _______________________________________________________________ 这趟火车从北京直达上海，中途不停靠。 _______________________________________________________________ 他开车直接把她送到了她下榻的宾馆。 拓展 大部分形容词直接在词尾加 -ly 构成副词： quick → quickly（快速地） slow → slowly（缓慢地） clear → clearly（清晰地） loud → loudly（大声地） quiet → quietly（安静地） careful → carefully（仔细地） polite → politely（礼貌地） 答案：1.We need to buy milk and bread. In addition, eggs are also on the shopping list. In addition to English, they have to study a second foreign language. She spends two hours reading every day in addition to doing her homework. 2.The train goes directly from Beijing to Shanghai without stopping. He drove her directly to her hotel. 【即时练习】 1．In addition ________ English, I’m also learning French. A．for B．of C．to D．with 2．Wang Yiming finished his housework. ________, he helped his sister with hers. A．Instead of B．In addition C．At first D．In front of 3．Avoid using chopsticks to point at others ________ (direct) because it is impolite. 4．I guess he went to the airport ________ (direct). 5．In some cultures, ________ (直接的) eye contact is considered impolite if it lasts too long. 答案：1．C 2．B 3．directly 4．directly 5．direct 【知识梳理11】Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers. 传单被志愿者分发给街上的人们。 hand out 分发 ___________________________________________________________________________他们正在街上分发关于环保的传单。 __________________________________________________志愿者们向无家可归者分发毛毯。 注意 hand out 是由 “动词 + 副词” 构成的短语，当宾语是名词时，既可放在 out 后，也可放在 hand 与 out 中间；当宾语是人称代词时，必须放在 hand 与 out 中间。 The teacher has handed out the exam papers. = The teacher has handed the exam papers out.老师已经分发了试卷。 __________________________________________________她把它们分发出去了。 答案：They are handing out leaflets about environmental protection on the street. The volunteers handed out blankets to the homeless. She handed them out. 【即时练习】 1．Some people waste too much water. They don’t believe that it can ________ some day. A．run out B．hand out C．be run out D．be handed out 2．She often helps the teacher hand out the papers. A．give out B．put out C．give up D．hand in 3．—Tom, here are some posters. Could you please ________ after school? —Sure, I’d love to. A．to hand them out B．hand them out C．to hand out them D．hand out them 4．Let’s ________ more friends to _________ the notices. A．call up; hand out B．give away; put up C．cheer up; give up D．take after; fix up 答案：1．A 2．A 3．B 4．A 第三部分 Grammar 【知识梳理】一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 教材原句 ①On the plane, operations are done by volunteer doctors. 在飞机上，手术由志愿医生完成。 ②Many blind people are helped by Orbis doctors. 奥维斯医生帮助了许多盲人。 在英语中，动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。 People grow rice in the south of the country.人们在这个国家的南部种植水稻。（主动语态） Rice is grown in the south of the country.水稻被种植在这个国家的南部。（被动语态） 1. 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态的基本构成 分类 句型 结构 一般现在时 肯定句 主语 (动作的承受者)+am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他。 否定句 主语 (动作的承受者)+am/is/are+not + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 (动作的承受者)+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 (动作的承受者)+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他？ 一般过去时 肯定句 主语 (动作的承受者)+was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他。 否定句 主语 (动作的承受者)+was/were+not + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他。 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 (动作的承受者)+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 (动作的承受者)+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他？ Trees are planted in spring by them.他们在春季植树。 English isn’t taught in that school.那所学校不教英语。 Was the plan worked out yesterday?计划昨天制定出来了吗？ Where was the watch repaired?这块手表是在哪儿修的？ 2. 主动语态变为被动语态的方法，图解如下： 3. 主动语态变为被动语态时的注意事项 (1) 有些动词短语相当于及物动词，所以在变为被动语态时，应把这类动词短语看作一个整体，其后的介词不能丢掉。 He listens to the radio every day.→The radio is listened to by him every day.他每天都听广播。 (2) 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语的比较多。如果把直接宾语 (指物) 变为主语，则在间接宾语 (指人) 前加上相应的介词 to 或 for。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. →I was given a present by my uncle on my birthday. →A present was given to me by my uncle on my birthday. (3) 在主动语态中，不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时，要省略不定式符号 to，但变成被动语态时，要加上 to。 这些动词有 let、make、have、see、hear、watch、feel、notice 等。 I saw him enter the classroom by me. →He was seen to enter the classroom. 4. 不用被动语态的四种情况 (1) 不及物动词 (短语) 没有动作的承受者，不用于被动语态，如 take place、happen、come true。 His dream of becoming a teacher will come true. 他成为一名教师的梦想将会实现。 (2) 系动词 seem、become、turn、get、feel、taste、look 一般用于系表结构，不能用于被动语态。 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 树叶在秋季变黄。 (3) there be 句型没有被动语态。 There is a big tree in front of the house. 房前有棵大树。 (4) 主动句中的宾语是反身代词时，不能变为被动语态。 He taught himself English. 他自学英语。 5. 主动形式表示被动意义 (1) 某些动词，如 write、wash、sell、read、clean，用作不及物动词，表示主语的某种属性且主语为物时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of pen sells well. 这种钢笔卖得很好。 (2) 表示 “需要；值得” 等意义的词，如 need、require、be worth，后接动词 - ing 形式表示被动意义。 Your computer needs repairing. 你的电脑需要修理。 (3) 某些系动词，如 look、sound、smell、taste、feel，可以用主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of food tastes delicious. 这种食物尝起来很美味。 【即时练习】 一、单项选择 1．The training course ________ by experienced teachers, so many nurses want to take it. A．leads B．is led C．led D．was led 2．Many charities ________ to help people in need every year, and their work is highly praised. A．are founded B．were founded C．found D．will find 3．—Mum, may I watch TV for a while? —As soon as your homework ________, you can. A．finishes B．will be finished C．will finish D．is finished 4．—May I go to the cinema with Tom tomorrow, Mum? —Of course, if your homework ________ by then. A．finishes B．was finished C．is finished D．will be finished 5．—When shall we go to watch Jiangsu Inter City Football League (江苏足球城际联赛)? —Not until the work ________ tomorrow. A．is finished B．will be finished C．will finish D．has finished 6．—Have you finished your project? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I __________ ten more minutes. A．give B．will give C．will be given D．am given 7．Plastic bottles and waste paper________ carefully by workers every day to make the environment better. A．separate B．were separated C．have separated D．are separated 8．—Jiangsu Football City League, also called “Su Chao”, _________ from May to November this year. —Yes! It is made up of 13 city teams and is super hot now. A．took place B．will be held C．is held D．have taken place 9．—Mr. Wu, when can we start the science experiment (实验)? —Only after the safety rules ________ clearly. A．are explained B．will be explained C．were explained D．have explained 10．—What will happen if lots of jobs ________ over by AI? —That is a good question. But at the same time, AI will create more jobs. A．will take B．are taken C．will be taken D．take 11．These kinds of pens ________ well. So they ________ out quickly in all the shops. A．write; sell B．write; are sold C．are written; sell D．are written; are sold 12．The invention __________ by a team of scientists last month. A．is developed B．was developed C．developed D．develops 13．The old man’s eye problem ________ by the doctor last month, and now he can see clearly. A．cured B．was cured C．is cured D．cures 14．London used to be ________ “Foggy City” because there were many foggy days. A．made B．called C．making D．calling 15．All the runners ________ after they finished the marathon (马拉松) race. A．tired out B．were tied to C．were tired out D．are tiring out 16．Potatoes ________ to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it. A．took B．have taken C．will be taken D．were taken 17．At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ her work. A．told; paying for B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．was told; to pay for 18．Loads of advice on how to solve the problem ________ yesterday, but it seemed that the situation didn’t get better. A．were given B．was given C．have been given D．has been given 19．—Was the doctors successful in saving the patient? —Yes. He ________ the morning of June 2, and now he is out of danger. A．was operated B．was operated on C．operated on D．operated 20．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful! A lot of useful advice on road safety _________. A．is offered B．are offered C．was offered D．were offered 二、单词拼写 21．New books ________ (send) to children in need last week. 22．More than 10,000 yuan ________ (raise) for the poor students in our school last month. 23．The club ________ (found) in 1995 by a group of students. 24．Air and water are seriously ________ (pollute) in this area because of the factories nearby. 25．Luckily, Mr. Li ________ (send) to the hospital in time yesterday and he’s better now. 26．The patient was ________ on last Sunday, and now he is out of danger. (operate) 27．Good table manners ________ (teach) to children from an early age in most Chinese families. 28．Old clothes can ________ (reuse) or donated to people in need. 29．Every child in the village ________ (provide) with free textbooks by the government. 30．Mars ________ (call) the “Red Planet” because of its red-colored surface. 答案： 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．B 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．D 18．B 19．B 20．C 21．were sent 22．was raised 23．was founded 24．polluted 25．was sent 26．operated 27．are taught 28．be reused 29．is provided 30．is called 【词汇练习】 一、词汇运用。 1.The new regulations will be of ____________ (好处) to everyone concerned. 2.The tech company has spent one ____________ (十亿) yuan on the problem but still cannot get it solved. 3.When the basketball player appeared in front of the Great Hall of the People, a lot of ____________ (采访者) gathered around him and asked him a lot of questions. 4.Mary is a nurse in the hospital and her work is to look after p____________ every day. 5.The newly released cellphone is too expensive. I can’t ____________ (have enough money to pay for something) it. 6.The government is ____________ (to try or plan to achieve sth) at a 50% reduction in unemployment. 二、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。train, on board, carry on with, cure, go to hospital 1.If he doesn’t ____________ as soon as possible, his illness will get worse. 2.Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China, but it has power __________ the deadly disease called malaria (疟疾). 3.Why not buy some magazines before you get on the train? You know you will spend 20 hours __________. 4.Before doing the tasks, we need to receive ____________ first. 5.The team didn’t have enough money __________ their project. 三、单项选择。 1.Chinese ______ by more and more people from foreign countries today. A. speaks B. spoke C. is spoken D. will speak 2.—China’s basic medical insurance system now covers over 95% of the population. —That’s true. We ______ our country. A. are friendly to B. take care of C. are afraid of D. are proud of 3.—Jiangsu Football City League, also called “Su Chao”, ______ from May to November this year. —Yes! It is made up of 13 city teams and is super hot now. A. took place B. will be held C. is held D. have taken place 4.Over 60 ______ the students ______ in one or two clubs at school, so they enjoy a colourful school life. A. per cent; is B. per cent of; is C. per cent; are D. per cent of; are 5.The building ______ be a factory, but now it ______ a shopping centre. A. used to; is used as B. is used to; used to be C. used to; used to be D. is used to; is used as 四、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.他们中绝大多数人在当时都上不起大学。 Most of them _______________________________________ college at that time. 2.当老师不在的时候，继续做你们的功课。 _______________________________________ the teacher is away. 3.通过培训当地的医生，我们希望帮助更多的人。 _______________________________________, we hope to help more people. 4.上个月，这家医院完成了 20 多期眼科护理培训。 Last month, _______________________________________ in this hospital. 答案：一、1.benefit 2.billion 3.interviewers 4.patients 5.afford 6.aiming 二、1.go to hospital 2.to cure 3.on board 4.training 5.to carry on with 三、1.C 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.A 四、1.couldn’t afford to go to 2.Carry on with your schoolwork while/when 3.By training local doctors 4.more than/over twenty/20 eye care training sessions were completed 【语法部分练习】 一、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。hold, call, leaflet, hand out, go to hospital, blind 1.Jiangsu automatic (自动化) test of listening and speaking______________________ in April every year. 2. The man depended on the dog to make his way home because of his ______________. 3.We helped to give out ______________to encourage more people to help the people in need. 4.How much do you know about the charity ______________ UNICEF? 5.The teacher ______________the exam papers in the classroom now. 6. Patients in poor areas can’t afford to ______________. So ORBIS doctors have to go to them. 二、单项选择。 1.Who ______ this book ______? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; write by D. was; written 2.—Have you finished your project?—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ______ ten more minutes. A. give B. will be given C. am given D. will give 3.—How clean your car is!—Thank you. It ______ twice a week. A. is washed B. will wash C. was washed D. has washed 4.—The meat is cooked well and ______!—Of course! You know my father is a good cook. A. is smelt good B. is smelt well C. smells good D. smells well 三、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.这 10 万块钱将被捐给一个慈善组织，目的是帮助一名因为车祸而失明的男孩。 The one hundred thousand yuan ________________________, aiming to help a boy ________________________. 2.很多父母在几天前受邀去观看他们孩子的表演。 Many parents ________________________ their kids’ performances a few days ago. 3.除了捐钱，他还在灾区当志愿者。 ________________________, he also works as a volunteer ________________________. 4.手术在两个小时前还未完成。 The ________________________ two hours ago. 5.这个慈善机构售卖很多旧东西，而且卖得很好。 Many old things ________________________ and ________________________. 答案：一、1.is held 2.blindness 3.leaflets 4.called 5.is handing out 6.go to hospital 二、1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 三、1.will be donated to a charity (organization), who was blinded in a car accident 2.were invited to watch 3.In addition to donating money, in disaster areas 4.operation wasn’t finished 5.are sold by the charity, they sell well 一、单项选择。 1.China rolled out its first self-developed 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine (疫苗) (HPV) in Haicang district, Xiamen on Sept. 9th, which will be ______ females (女性) aged 9 to 45. A. beneficial to B. benefit from C. benefit to D. benefit of 2.—Dad, will you have time ______ me this Saturday afternoon? —Sorry, dear. I will have an interview ______ an important guest. A. for; about B. with; for C. on; with D. for; with 3.—The homeless ______ so poor that they have nowhere to live. —Exactly, but to our joy, the local government can ______ them with special places to stay. A. is; offer B. are; give C. are; provide D. is; afford 4.______ of my books are about history. I’m ______ interested in China’s history. A. Mostly; most B. Most; almost C. Mostly; almost D. Most; mostly 5.In Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province, new technologies like digital scanning and 3D printing ______ visitors able to explore the historical place in boundless (无限的) time and space. A. used to making B. used to make C. are used to make D. are used to making 6.The king didn’t take any notice of the noise in the crowd and ______ with the parade. A. carry on B. carry out C. carried on D. carried out 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.这些病例中很多都可以被预防或者治愈。 Lots of these cases can ________________________________________. 2.每年成千上万的病人在这家医院接受手术。 Every year, ________________________________________ in this hospital. 3.医生们很自豪能帮助病人们重见光明。 The doctors ________________________________________. 4.现在很多人患有各种各样的心理疾病。 Nowadays many people ________________________________________ psychological illnesses. 5.现在很多毕业生不得不依靠父母，因为他们支付不起日常开销。 Nowadays many graduates ________________________ their parents because they ________________________ their daily expense. 答案：一、1.A 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.C 二、1.be prevented or cured 2.thousands of patients are operated on 3.are very proud to help patients see again 4.suffer from different kinds of 5.have to rely/depend on, can’t afford 能力提升 一、完形填空 Lily used to be a shy girl. She was afraid to speak in public and never joined any after-school activities. One day, her teacher told her about a charity project—helping left-behind children in rural areas. The project 1 students to write letters to the kids and share their stories. At first, Lily 2 to join. She worried that she couldn’t express herself well. But her teacher encouraged her: “Your words can bring warmth to those kids. Just try!” With her teacher’s support, Lily decided to give it a try. She spent hours writing a letter, talking about her school life and hobbies, even drawing a small picture of her pet cat. She was not sure if the rural kids would like it, but she 3 the letter carefully and sent it. When she sent the letter, she was nervous but excited. A month later, she received a reply. The envelope was decorated with dried flowers, and the little girl in the countryside, named Xiao Mei, wrote that she loved Lily’s letter and felt less lonely. She even asked about the pet cat and wanted to know more about city life. This made Lily very 4 . She realized that she could help others even if she was shy. 5 , Lily started to look forward to writing to Xiao Mei every week. Since then, she has written many letters. She also joined other charity activities in her school. 6 weekends, she and her classmates helped collect books and clothes for the rural kids. They sorted out the books by subject and folded the clothes neatly. Gradually, Lily became more outgoing. She no longer hid behind her books when the teacher asked questions. 7 , she even gave a short speech in class about her experience with the charity project. Her classmates were surprised by her 8 —the once shy girl could speak confidently in front of the whole class. After the speech, many classmates came to ask her about the left-behind children and wanted to join the project. Lily felt proud that she could influence others. She also made friends with several classmates who shared the same interest in helping others. 9 , her relationship with her classmates became much closer. Lily’s story tells us that everyone can make a difference. Sometimes, a small step can 10 a big change in our lives. We just need to be brave enough to try. 1．A．stopped B．encouraged C．warned D．refused 2．A．wanted B．agreed C．hesitated D．forgot 3．A．folded B．threw C．tore D．kept 4．A．sad B．angry C．worried D．happy 5．A．Suddenly B．Slowly C．Quickly D．Immediately 6．A．On B．In C．At D．For 7．A．In fact B．For example C．As a result D．What’s more 8．A．change B．hobby C．fear D．mistake 9．A．However B．Besides C．Otherwise D．Therefore 10．A．create B．hide C．avoid D．explain 二、阅读理解 Jalan Amoy Charity Drive (慈善活动) Too many things at home that you have no use for? Donate (捐赠) them! Jalan Amoy Community Club is organizing a charity drive for the first time to collect your unwanted things like electronic appliances, toys, books, etc. Donated things will be given to the children of Shepherd Children’s Home and the elderly in St Mary Old Folks’ Home by 14th November. Collection place: Pavilion at 12 Jalan Amoy, S123456 Time: 9 a. m. to 3 p. m. on 21st October For those with large or heavy things, you may call Miss Jana at 6364-5322 for help by 14th October. *All things donated cannot be returned. *Everyone is encouraged to join in this activity for a good cause. *We do not accept money donations. 11．What things can be collected during the charity drive? A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 12．What should Jack do if he wants to donate his large fridge? A．Call at 6364-5322. B．Pay money for the drive. C．Email Miss Jana. D．Turn to the community. 13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the poster? A．The club often organizes charity drives. B．Some of the donated items can be returned. C．The students are encouraged to join in the activity. D．The donated things will be given to the disabled. Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smile? We hope we can help you understand how we are trying to help children all over the world. Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife. In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to Philipines to help children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. It was very difficult for them to eat and drink. These volunteers worked very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they were short of money. Then they decided to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. They called it Operation Smile. Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing countries and has cured over 300,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999 they even started a special event called “The Journey of Hope”. 5,000 children in 18 countries were cured during the event. On the other hand, Operation Smile trains local doctors and nurses in developing countries so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them to the USA for further treatment. So show your kindness to the needy children now. You can send your donation to Operation Smile at local banks. Many thanks from the children who can smile now will come to you. 14．What is Operation Smile? A．A bank. B．A hospital. C．A school. D．A charity. 15．Children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths have problems with _________. A．eating and drinking B．walking and running C．starting a charity D．working as a volunteer 16．How many children were cured during the event “The Journey of Hope” in 1999? A．18. B．1982. C．5,000. D．300,000. 17．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to _________. A．the doctor and his wife B．children who have too serious problems C．local doctors and nurses D．people who work in developing countries 答案： 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．B 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Charities Welcome to the unit & Reading & Grammar 1.掌握Unit 7 Welcome to the unit&Reading部分的重点单词、短语和句型； 2.掌握一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态用法。 一、词汇运用。 1.AI is playing an important role in ___________ (医疗的) research for disease diagnosis. 2.Tom is an excellent team leader in the large ___________, and he ___________ some kinds of activities successfully in the past. (组织) 3.He didn’t want to get into a fight, so he decided to button his ___________/lɪp/. 4.The Red Cross is one of the most famous ___________ (charity) in the world. 5.According to China’s official report on 10 September 2025, lithium, a key resource for new energy vehicles, ___________ (find) to be abundant (大量的) in the “Asian Lithium Belt”. 6.During the recent flood control operation, a group of ___________ (volunteer) from local universities worked closely to offer supplies and help families in need. Their kindness inspired more people to join them. 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.这家出版公司成立于 2009 年。 This publishing company ____________________________________________. 2.数百万人因为战争无家可归，过着艰苦的生活。 ________________________ became homeless and ________________________ because of the war. 3.多亏了各地政府的支持，最新出台的育儿补贴政策将惠及中国很多家庭。 _____________________________________ the support of the local governments, many families in China ________________________________________ the newly-introduced child-care subsidy policy. 4.幸运的是，这家医院决定为她提供免费的手术和医疗服务。 Luckily, this hospital decided to provide her ______________________________________________. 5.这个可怜的男孩天生听力就有缺陷，听不到任何声音。 The poor boy ________________________ a hearing defect and can’t ________________________. 第一部分 Welcome to the unit 【知识梳理1】It was founded in 1982. 它成立于 1982 年。 found 〔及物动词〕创建；建立通常指创建组织或机构等。 ____________________________________________他去年创办了一家新的慈善机构。 The Communist Party of China ______________________中国共产党成立于 1921 年。 注意 found 也是 find 的过去式和过去分词，意为 “发现，找到”。 ____________________________________________昨天她在桌子上找到了钥匙。 ____________________________________________看我发现了什么！ 【即时练习】 1．China Welfare Institute________in 1938. It has many special________to support children and women at home and abroad. A．was found; aims B．was founded; benefits C．was founded; rights D．was founded; programmes 2．Many charities ________ to help people in need every year, and their work is highly praised. A．are founded B．were founded C．found D．will find 3．Tsinghua University was ________ (建立) in 1911 and it is one of the best universities in China. 4．The company ________ (found) by my grandfather in 1980. 【知识梳理2】There are about 6,000 medical volunteers in this organization. 该组织有大约 6 000 名医疗志愿者。 medical 〔形容词〕医疗的；医学的在句中多作定语。 _____________________________________________中国正在向世界提供大量医疗救助。 _____________________________________________他正在一所医学院学习。 拓展 medicine〔名词〕医学；药 _____________________________________________现在中医在西方国家很受欢迎。 【即时练习】 1．You should take some ________ (药；医学) after meals if the doctor tells you to. 2．He wants to become a doctor and work in the ________ field. (medicine) 3．In order to pass down traditional Chinese ________, she makes up her mind to study it in a ________ college. (medicine) 第二部分 Reading 【知识梳理3】Over one billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 全球有超过十亿人正遭受着各类眼疾的困扰，其中约 90% 的病例是可以预防或治愈的。 (1) billion 〔名词〕十亿 ① billion 与基数词连用时表示确切的数目，billion 后不加 -s，且不与 of 连用。 _____________________二十亿人 ② billions of 数十亿的表示不确切的数目，前面不能再加基数词。 __________________________________________夜空中闪耀着数十亿颗星星。 拓展 与billion 用法类似的词还有 hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万）。 (2) 百分数90 per cent of... 意为 “90% 的……”，per cent 意为 “百分之……”，常以单数形式出现，前面为基数词，即：基数词 + per cent of。在美式英语中，per cent 常拼写为 percent。 70 per cent of the land here_____________________. 这里 70% 的土地被森林覆盖。 About 60 per cent of students in this class__________________________________________.这个班约 60% 的学生加入了学校体育社团。 注意： “基数词 + per cent of + 名词” 作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于名词的数。名词是复数，谓语动词一般用复数形式；名词是不可数名词或可数名词单数，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。 (3) cure ①〔及物动词〕治好（疾病）；治愈 cure sb of sth 治好某人的…… 病 __________________________________________现代医学如今能治愈许多疾病。 __________________________________________这种特别的药治好了他的头痛。 ②〔名词〕治疗；疗法；疗程；药物 cure for... …… 的疗法 _______________________________________________________________ 科学家仍在努力寻找这种病的治疗方法。 __________________________________________此疗程花了六个星期。 【即时练习】 1．More than ________ people in the world don’t have enough water to drink. A．billions of B．2 billions C．2 billions of D．2 billion 2．The old man’s eye problem ________ by the doctor last month, and now he can see clearly. A．cured B．was cured C．is cured D．cures 3．Nowadays, doctors are able to cure the patients ________ many diseases, but they are still looking for the cure ________ cancer. A．of; for B．for; for C．of; of D．for; of 4．There are ________ of stars that twinkle like tiny lights in the night sky. (billion) 5．Many patients ________ (cure) by the experienced doctors in the hospital every year. 6．The doctor successfully ________ (治愈) the young boy’s rare disease after months of treatment. 7．I’ll try my best to ________ (治疗) the patient, but I am not sure whether I can ________ (治愈) him or not. 【知识梳理4】Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. 奥比斯的 “眼科飞机医院” 项目始于 1982 年，旨在帮助贫困地区的病人。 patient ①〔可数名词〕病人 ________________________________________________这位病人刚刚做了眼部手术。 ②〔形容词〕能忍耐的，有耐心的 ________________________对某人有耐心 ________________________________________________如果想学好一门新语言，你需要有耐心。 ________________________________________________当学生们提问时，她对他们总是很有耐心。 一言辨异：__________________________________________________那名护士对她的病人很有耐心。 【即时练习】 1．The ________ (病人) needs to rest in bed for a few days. 2．We should be ________ (耐心的) with the old people when we talk to them. 3．Please wait ________ (patient) and don’t worry; the doctor will see you soon. 4．She never felt ________ (patient) with years of hard training. 【知识梳理5】Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们的许多病人负担不起去医院看病的费用，所以我们必须主动去找他们。 (1) afford 〔及物动词〕能做，买得起后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，多用于否定句或疑问句中，常与 can, could, be able to 连用。 ______________________负担得起做某事 ____________________________________________这栋房子这么贵，我买不起。 ____________________________________________她负担不起她女儿的教育费用。 (2) go to hospital 去医院看病侧重表示 “去医院就医” 这一行为，强调 “看病、接受治疗” 的目的，不特指某一家医院。 ____________________________________________我发高烧了，今天下午需要去医院看病。 __________________________________________________________________如果你的胃痛一直没停，你应该马上去医院看病。 注意：如果表示去某一家医院，要在 hospital 前加定冠词 the，即 go to the hospital。 I need to go to the hospital to visit my friend.我要去那家医院看望朋友。 【即时练习】 1．At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ for her work. A．was told; to pay B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．told; paying 2．This competition is so important that I can’t afford ________ (lose) it. 3．The mother couldn’t afford ________ (pay) for her child’s ________ (treat). A charity heard about this and offered help. 4．I can’t _________ (买得起，付得起) this dress because its price is out of my reach. 【知识梳理6】By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. 通过培训他们，我们希望更多人会从中受益。 (1) train ①〔及物动词〕培训，训练 ______________________训练某人做某事 ____________________________________________我们应该训练学生表现得有礼貌。 ②〔不及物动词〕培训，训练 ____________________________________________他正在为下个月的马拉松赛跑训练。 ③〔可数名词〕火车 ____________________________________________去年夏天我们在去巴黎的火车上认识的。 拓展 training〔不可数名词〕训练，培训 ____________________________________________工作前，我们应接受培训。 (2) benefit ①〔不及物动词〕得益于，得利于 ______________________意为 “从…… 中受益”，主语可以是人或事物。 ____________________________________________她在国外的一年里获益良多。 ____________________________________________这家公司已从新技术中获益。 ②〔及物动词〕使受益benefit sb/sth 意为 “使…… 受益”，主语通常是事物或行为。 ____________________________________________多喝牛奶对你的健康有益。 ③〔名词〕优势，益处，成效 the benefit of sth …… 的益处 / 优势 for the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益 be of benefit to sb/sth 对某人 / 某物有益 ____________________________________________她没看出出国留学的益处。 ____________________________________________她为了新员工的利益做了一次演讲。 ____________________________________________这本书对学生非常有益。 【即时练习】 1．The players need a lot of hard ________ (训练) before the game. 2．Also, they t________ (训练) local people to provide basic healthcare. 3．The athletes have to take part in strict ________ (train) before the competition. 4．Join us! You are going to ________ a lot ________ the study tour. (benefit) 5．There are many ________ (benefit) you can get from volunteer work. 6．Reading books can benefit you a lot. (改为意思相近的句子) You can enjoy ________ ________ ________ reading books. 【知识梳理7】During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. 在我上一次出诊期间，有 150 名患者接受了手术。 operate ①〔不及物动词〕动手术 _______________(给……) 做手术 _____________________________________________医生正在给那个女孩做手术。 ②〔及物动词〕操作；(使) 运转 _____________________________________________对他来说操作那台机器很难。 ______________________________给病人动手术 ______________________________操作机器拓展 _______________〔名词〕操作；手术 _____________________________________________手术后，他在医院住了一周。 【即时练习】 1．The patient is badly hurt. He needs ________ at once. A．to operate on B．to be operated C．operating D．an operation 2．Dr Ma has performed ten ________, but more patients need ________. A．operate; operations B．operations; operating on C．operations; operated on D．operates; to be operated 3．The doctor ________ (operate) on the patient successfully last week. 4．This doctor is performing an ________ (operate) on the head of the patient. 5．The doctor couldn’t answer your phone because he ________ (operate) on a patient at that moment. 【知识梳理8】Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured. 现代医学正在迅速发展，现在大多数眼部问题和疾病都可以得到治疗甚至治愈。 treat ①〔及物动词〕医治；治疗 treat sb for sth 因某种病症治疗某人 treat sb with sth 用某种药物或疗法治疗某人 ____________________________________________________医生去年为我奶奶治疗了心脏病。 ____________________________________________________ antibiotics.医生用抗生素治疗这位病人。 ②〔及物动词〕以…… 方式对待 treat sb/sth as/like... 把某人 / 某物当作…… ____________________________________________________我们的老师把我们当作他们自己的孩子。 ③〔及物动词〕招待；请 (客) treat sb to sth 用某物招待某人；以某物款待某人 ____________________________________________________让我请你吃一些饺子吧。 ④〔名词〕款待；招待 ____________________________________________________咱们到外面去吃午饭吧 —— 我请客。 ____________________________________________________布朗夫人热情地招待了我们。 【即时练习】 1．After ________ the patient to cooperate with him, the doctor finally managed to ________ him of his disease. A．making; treat B．getting; cure C．making; cure D．getting; treat 2．I’m worried about the safety of the _________ (治疗、诊治) due to some uncertainties. 3．Do all the people have enough money for medical ________ (treat)? 【知识梳理9】Before the operation, I lived in darkness. 在手术之前，我生活在黑暗中。 (1) before ①〔介词〕在…… 之前表示时间，后跟名词或动名词。与 before 相对的词是 after，意为 “在…… 之后”。I usually run for exercise before breakfast.早饭之前我通常跑步锻炼。 ________________________________________回家前我必须去看望他。 ②〔连词〕在…… 之前 (2) darkness 〔不可数名词〕黑暗由形容词 dark (黑暗的) 加名词后缀 -ness 构成。 ________________________________________在黑暗中 ________________________________________陷入黑暗 ____________________________________________________________我们在黑暗中穿过森林。 ____________________________________________________________停电后，这座大楼瞬间陷入黑暗。 拓展 形容词加后缀 -ness 构成的名词有： kind → kindness (仁慈) good → goodness (善良) happy → happiness (幸福) sad → sadness (悲伤) ill → illness (疾病) 【即时练习】 1．They walked through the forest slowly, afraid of the ________ (dark) around them. 2．—Could you buy me some souvenirs (纪念品) before ________(return) from Hong Kong? —With pleasure. 【知识梳理10】In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. 除了直接帮助病人以外，奥比斯还做许多其他的事。 (1) in addition (to) 除…… 以外（还） in addition 单独使用，不接任何成分，通常位于句首，后面用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 in addition to 必须接具体的内容，可位于句首或句中，to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式。 _______________________________________________________________ 我们需要买牛奶和面包。另外，鸡蛋也在购物清单上。 _______________________________________________________________ 除英语外，他们还必须学习一门第二外语。 _______________________________________________________________ 除了做作业，她每天还花两小时阅读。 (2) directly 〔副词〕直接其形容词形式是 direct，意为 “直接的”。 _______________________________________________________________ 这趟火车从北京直达上海，中途不停靠。 _______________________________________________________________ 他开车直接把她送到了她下榻的宾馆。 拓展 大部分形容词直接在词尾加 -ly 构成副词： quick → quickly（快速地） slow → slowly（缓慢地） clear → clearly（清晰地） loud → loudly（大声地） quiet → quietly（安静地） careful → carefully（仔细地） polite → politely（礼貌地） 【即时练习】 1．In addition ________ English, I’m also learning French. A．for B．of C．to D．with 2．Wang Yiming finished his housework. ________, he helped his sister with hers. A．Instead of B．In addition C．At first D．In front of 3．Avoid using chopsticks to point at others ________ (direct) because it is impolite. 4．I guess he went to the airport ________ (direct). 5．In some cultures, ________ (直接的) eye contact is considered impolite if it lasts too long. 【知识梳理11】Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers. 传单被志愿者分发给街上的人们。 hand out 分发 ___________________________________________________________________________他们正在街上分发关于环保的传单。 __________________________________________________志愿者们向无家可归者分发毛毯。 注意 hand out 是由 “动词 + 副词” 构成的短语，当宾语是名词时，既可放在 out 后，也可放在 hand 与 out 中间；当宾语是人称代词时，必须放在 hand 与 out 中间。 The teacher has handed out the exam papers. = The teacher has handed the exam papers out.老师已经分发了试卷。 __________________________________________________她把它们分发出去了。 【即时练习】 1．Some people waste too much water. They don’t believe that it can ________ some day. A．run out B．hand out C．be run out D．be handed out 2．She often helps the teacher hand out the papers. A．give out B．put out C．give up D．hand in 3．—Tom, here are some posters. Could you please ________ after school? —Sure, I’d love to. A．to hand them out B．hand them out C．to hand out them D．hand out them 4．Let’s ________ more friends to _________ the notices. A．call up; hand out B．give away; put up C．cheer up; give up D．take after; fix up 第三部分 Grammar 【知识梳理】一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 教材原句 ①On the plane, operations are done by volunteer doctors. 在飞机上，手术由志愿医生完成。 ②Many blind people are helped by Orbis doctors. 奥维斯医生帮助了许多盲人。 在英语中，动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。 People grow rice in the south of the country.人们在这个国家的南部种植水稻。（主动语态） Rice is grown in the south of the country.水稻被种植在这个国家的南部。（被动语态） 1. 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态的基本构成 分类 句型 结构 一般现在时 肯定句 主语 (动作的承受者)+am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他。 否定句 主语 (动作的承受者)+am/is/are+not + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他。 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 (动作的承受者)+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 (动作的承受者)+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他？ 一般过去时 肯定句 主语 (动作的承受者)+was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他。 否定句 主语 (动作的承受者)+was/were+not + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他。 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 (动作的承受者)+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 (动作的承受者)+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他？ Trees are planted in spring by them.他们在春季植树。 English isn’t taught in that school.那所学校不教英语。 Was the plan worked out yesterday?计划昨天制定出来了吗？ Where was the watch repaired?这块手表是在哪儿修的？ 2. 主动语态变为被动语态的方法，图解如下： 3. 主动语态变为被动语态时的注意事项 (1) 有些动词短语相当于及物动词，所以在变为被动语态时，应把这类动词短语看作一个整体，其后的介词不能丢掉。 He listens to the radio every day.→The radio is listened to by him every day.他每天都听广播。 (2) 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语的比较多。如果把直接宾语 (指物) 变为主语，则在间接宾语 (指人) 前加上相应的介词 to 或 for。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. →I was given a present by my uncle on my birthday. →A present was given to me by my uncle on my birthday. (3) 在主动语态中，不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时，要省略不定式符号 to，但变成被动语态时，要加上 to。 这些动词有 let、make、have、see、hear、watch、feel、notice 等。 I saw him enter the classroom by me. →He was seen to enter the classroom. 4. 不用被动语态的四种情况 (1) 不及物动词 (短语) 没有动作的承受者，不用于被动语态，如 take place、happen、come true。 His dream of becoming a teacher will come true. 他成为一名教师的梦想将会实现。 (2) 系动词 seem、become、turn、get、feel、taste、look 一般用于系表结构，不能用于被动语态。 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 树叶在秋季变黄。 (3) there be 句型没有被动语态。 There is a big tree in front of the house. 房前有棵大树。 (4) 主动句中的宾语是反身代词时，不能变为被动语态。 He taught himself English. 他自学英语。 5. 主动形式表示被动意义 (1) 某些动词，如 write、wash、sell、read、clean，用作不及物动词，表示主语的某种属性且主语为物时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of pen sells well. 这种钢笔卖得很好。 (2) 表示 “需要；值得” 等意义的词，如 need、require、be worth，后接动词 - ing 形式表示被动意义。 Your computer needs repairing. 你的电脑需要修理。 (3) 某些系动词，如 look、sound、smell、taste、feel，可以用主动形式表示被动意义。 This kind of food tastes delicious. 这种食物尝起来很美味。 【即时练习】 一、单项选择 1．The training course ________ by experienced teachers, so many nurses want to take it. A．leads B．is led C．led D．was led 2．Many charities ________ to help people in need every year, and their work is highly praised. A．are founded B．were founded C．found D．will find 3．—Mum, may I watch TV for a while? —As soon as your homework ________, you can. A．finishes B．will be finished C．will finish D．is finished 4．—May I go to the cinema with Tom tomorrow, Mum? —Of course, if your homework ________ by then. A．finishes B．was finished C．is finished D．will be finished 5．—When shall we go to watch Jiangsu Inter City Football League (江苏足球城际联赛)? —Not until the work ________ tomorrow. A．is finished B．will be finished C．will finish D．has finished 6．—Have you finished your project? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I __________ ten more minutes. A．give B．will give C．will be given D．am given 7．Plastic bottles and waste paper________ carefully by workers every day to make the environment better. A．separate B．were separated C．have separated D．are separated 8．—Jiangsu Football City League, also called “Su Chao”, _________ from May to November this year. —Yes! It is made up of 13 city teams and is super hot now. A．took place B．will be held C．is held D．have taken place 9．—Mr. Wu, when can we start the science experiment (实验)? —Only after the safety rules ________ clearly. A．are explained B．will be explained C．were explained D．have explained 10．—What will happen if lots of jobs ________ over by AI? —That is a good question. But at the same time, AI will create more jobs. A．will take B．are taken C．will be taken D．take 11．These kinds of pens ________ well. So they ________ out quickly in all the shops. A．write; sell B．write; are sold C．are written; sell D．are written; are sold 12．The invention __________ by a team of scientists last month. A．is developed B．was developed C．developed D．develops 13．The old man’s eye problem ________ by the doctor last month, and now he can see clearly. A．cured B．was cured C．is cured D．cures 14．London used to be ________ “Foggy City” because there were many foggy days. A．made B．called C．making D．calling 15．All the runners ________ after they finished the marathon (马拉松) race. A．tired out B．were tied to C．were tired out D．are tiring out 16．Potatoes ________ to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it. A．took B．have taken C．will be taken D．were taken 17．At last, the poor woman ________ that the company couldn’t afford ________ her work. A．told; paying for B．was told; paying C．told; to pay D．was told; to pay for 18．Loads of advice on how to solve the problem ________ yesterday, but it seemed that the situation didn’t get better. A．were given B．was given C．have been given D．has been given 19．—Was the doctors successful in saving the patient? —Yes. He ________ the morning of June 2, and now he is out of danger. A．was operated B．was operated on C．operated on D．operated 20．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful! A lot of useful advice on road safety _________. A．is offered B．are offered C．was offered D．were offered 二、单词拼写 21．New books ________ (send) to children in need last week. 22．More than 10,000 yuan ________ (raise) for the poor students in our school last month. 23．The club ________ (found) in 1995 by a group of students. 24．Air and water are seriously ________ (pollute) in this area because of the factories nearby. 25．Luckily, Mr. Li ________ (send) to the hospital in time yesterday and he’s better now. 26．The patient was ________ on last Sunday, and now he is out of danger. (operate) 27．Good table manners ________ (teach) to children from an early age in most Chinese families. 28．Old clothes can ________ (reuse) or donated to people in need. 29．Every child in the village ________ (provide) with free textbooks by the government. 30．Mars ________ (call) the “Red Planet” because of its red-colored surface. 【词汇练习】 一、词汇运用。 1.The new regulations will be of ____________ (好处) to everyone concerned. 2.The tech company has spent one ____________ (十亿) yuan on the problem but still cannot get it solved. 3.When the basketball player appeared in front of the Great Hall of the People, a lot of ____________ (采访者) gathered around him and asked him a lot of questions. 4.Mary is a nurse in the hospital and her work is to look after p____________ every day. 5.The newly released cellphone is too expensive. I can’t ____________ (have enough money to pay for something) it. 6.The government is ____________ (to try or plan to achieve sth) at a 50% reduction in unemployment. 二、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。train, on board, carry on with, cure, go to hospital 1.If he doesn’t ____________ as soon as possible, his illness will get worse. 2.Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China, but it has power __________ the deadly disease called malaria (疟疾). 3.Why not buy some magazines before you get on the train? You know you will spend 20 hours __________. 4.Before doing the tasks, we need to receive ____________ first. 5.The team didn’t have enough money __________ their project. 三、单项选择。 1.Chinese ______ by more and more people from foreign countries today. A. speaks B. spoke C. is spoken D. will speak 2.—China’s basic medical insurance system now covers over 95% of the population. —That’s true. We ______ our country. A. are friendly to B. take care of C. are afraid of D. are proud of 3.—Jiangsu Football City League, also called “Su Chao”, ______ from May to November this year. —Yes! It is made up of 13 city teams and is super hot now. A. took place B. will be held C. is held D. have taken place 4.Over 60 ______ the students ______ in one or two clubs at school, so they enjoy a colourful school life. A. per cent; is B. per cent of; is C. per cent; are D. per cent of; are 5.The building ______ be a factory, but now it ______ a shopping centre. A. used to; is used as B. is used to; used to be C. used to; used to be D. is used to; is used as 四、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.他们中绝大多数人在当时都上不起大学。 Most of them _______________________________________ college at that time. 2.当老师不在的时候，继续做你们的功课。 _______________________________________ the teacher is away. 3.通过培训当地的医生，我们希望帮助更多的人。 _______________________________________, we hope to help more people. 4.上个月，这家医院完成了 20 多期眼科护理培训。 Last month, _______________________________________ in this hospital. 【语法部分练习】 一、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。hold, call, leaflet, hand out, go to hospital, blind 1.Jiangsu automatic (自动化) test of listening and speaking______________________ in April every year. 2. The man depended on the dog to make his way home because of his ______________. 3.We helped to give out ______________to encourage more people to help the people in need. 4.How much do you know about the charity ______________ UNICEF? 5.The teacher ______________the exam papers in the classroom now. 6. Patients in poor areas can’t afford to ______________. So ORBIS doctors have to go to them. 二、单项选择。 1.Who ______ this book ______? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; write by D. was; written 2.—Have you finished your project?—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ______ ten more minutes. A. give B. will be given C. am given D. will give 3.—How clean your car is!—Thank you. It ______ twice a week. A. is washed B. will wash C. was washed D. has washed 4.—The meat is cooked well and ______!—Of course! You know my father is a good cook. A. is smelt good B. is smelt well C. smells good D. smells well 三、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.这 10 万块钱将被捐给一个慈善组织，目的是帮助一名因为车祸而失明的男孩。 The one hundred thousand yuan ________________________, aiming to help a boy ________________________. 2.很多父母在几天前受邀去观看他们孩子的表演。 Many parents ________________________ their kids’ performances a few days ago. 3.除了捐钱，他还在灾区当志愿者。 ________________________, he also works as a volunteer ________________________. 4.手术在两个小时前还未完成。 The ________________________ two hours ago. 5.这个慈善机构售卖很多旧东西，而且卖得很好。 Many old things ________________________ and ________________________. 一、单项选择。 1.China rolled out its first self-developed 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine (疫苗) (HPV) in Haicang district, Xiamen on Sept. 9th, which will be ______ females (女性) aged 9 to 45. A. beneficial to B. benefit from C. benefit to D. benefit of 2.—Dad, will you have time ______ me this Saturday afternoon? —Sorry, dear. I will have an interview ______ an important guest. A. for; about B. with; for C. on; with D. for; with 3.—The homeless ______ so poor that they have nowhere to live. —Exactly, but to our joy, the local government can ______ them with special places to stay. A. is; offer B. are; give C. are; provide D. is; afford 4.______ of my books are about history. I’m ______ interested in China’s history. A. Mostly; most B. Most; almost C. Mostly; almost D. Most; mostly 5.In Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province, new technologies like digital scanning and 3D printing ______ visitors able to explore the historical place in boundless (无限的) time and space. A. used to making B. used to make C. are used to make D. are used to making 6.The king didn’t take any notice of the noise in the crowd and ______ with the parade. A. carry on B. carry out C. carried on D. carried out 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.这些病例中很多都可以被预防或者治愈。 Lots of these cases can ________________________________________. 2.每年成千上万的病人在这家医院接受手术。 Every year, ________________________________________ in this hospital. 3.医生们很自豪能帮助病人们重见光明。 The doctors ________________________________________. 4.现在很多人患有各种各样的心理疾病。 Nowadays many people ________________________________________ psychological illnesses. 5.现在很多毕业生不得不依靠父母，因为他们支付不起日常开销。 Nowadays many graduates ________________________ their parents because they ________________________ their daily expense. 能力提升 一、完形填空 Lily used to be a shy girl. She was afraid to speak in public and never joined any after-school activities. One day, her teacher told her about a charity project—helping left-behind children in rural areas. The project 1 students to write letters to the kids and share their stories. At first, Lily 2 to join. She worried that she couldn’t express herself well. But her teacher encouraged her: “Your words can bring warmth to those kids. Just try!” With her teacher’s support, Lily decided to give it a try. She spent hours writing a letter, talking about her school life and hobbies, even drawing a small picture of her pet cat. She was not sure if the rural kids would like it, but she 3 the letter carefully and sent it. When she sent the letter, she was nervous but excited. A month later, she received a reply. The envelope was decorated with dried flowers, and the little girl in the countryside, named Xiao Mei, wrote that she loved Lily’s letter and felt less lonely. She even asked about the pet cat and wanted to know more about city life. This made Lily very 4 . She realized that she could help others even if she was shy. 5 , Lily started to look forward to writing to Xiao Mei every week. Since then, she has written many letters. She also joined other charity activities in her school. 6 weekends, she and her classmates helped collect books and clothes for the rural kids. They sorted out the books by subject and folded the clothes neatly. Gradually, Lily became more outgoing. She no longer hid behind her books when the teacher asked questions. 7 , she even gave a short speech in class about her experience with the charity project. Her classmates were surprised by her 8 —the once shy girl could speak confidently in front of the whole class. After the speech, many classmates came to ask her about the left-behind children and wanted to join the project. Lily felt proud that she could influence others. She also made friends with several classmates who shared the same interest in helping others. 9 , her relationship with her classmates became much closer. Lily’s story tells us that everyone can make a difference. Sometimes, a small step can 10 a big change in our lives. We just need to be brave enough to try. 1．A．stopped B．encouraged C．warned D．refused 2．A．wanted B．agreed C．hesitated D．forgot 3．A．folded B．threw C．tore D．kept 4．A．sad B．angry C．worried D．happy 5．A．Suddenly B．Slowly C．Quickly D．Immediately 6．A．On B．In C．At D．For 7．A．In fact B．For example C．As a result D．What’s more 8．A．change B．hobby C．fear D．mistake 9．A．However B．Besides C．Otherwise D．Therefore 10．A．create B．hide C．avoid D．explain 二、阅读理解 Jalan Amoy Charity Drive (慈善活动) Too many things at home that you have no use for? Donate (捐赠) them! Jalan Amoy Community Club is organizing a charity drive for the first time to collect your unwanted things like electronic appliances, toys, books, etc. Donated things will be given to the children of Shepherd Children’s Home and the elderly in St Mary Old Folks’ Home by 14th November. Collection place: Pavilion at 12 Jalan Amoy, S123456 Time: 9 a. m. to 3 p. m. on 21st October For those with large or heavy things, you may call Miss Jana at 6364-5322 for help by 14th October. *All things donated cannot be returned. *Everyone is encouraged to join in this activity for a good cause. *We do not accept money donations. 11．What things can be collected during the charity drive? A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 12．What should Jack do if he wants to donate his large fridge? A．Call at 6364-5322. B．Pay money for the drive. C．Email Miss Jana. D．Turn to the community. 13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the poster? A．The club often organizes charity drives. B．Some of the donated items can be returned. C．The students are encouraged to join in the activity. D．The donated things will be given to the disabled. Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smile? We hope we can help you understand how we are trying to help children all over the world. Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife. In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to Philipines to help children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. It was very difficult for them to eat and drink. These volunteers worked very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they were short of money. Then they decided to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. They called it Operation Smile. Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing countries and has cured over 300,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999 they even started a special event called “The Journey of Hope”. 5,000 children in 18 countries were cured during the event. On the other hand, Operation Smile trains local doctors and nurses in developing countries so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them to the USA for further treatment. So show your kindness to the needy children now. You can send your donation to Operation Smile at local banks. Many thanks from the children who can smile now will come to you. 14．What is Operation Smile? A．A bank. B．A hospital. C．A school. D．A charity. 15．Children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths have problems with _________. A．eating and drinking B．walking and running C．starting a charity D．working as a volunteer 16．How many children were cured during the event “The Journey of Hope” in 1999? A．18. B．1982. C．5,000. D．300,000. 17．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to _________. A．the doctor and his wife B．children who have too serious problems C．local doctors and nurses D．people who work in developing countries 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $