Unit 5 Section A 课时基础知识训练 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 本练习围绕“自然灾难”主题，通过三课时分层设计，构建“词汇→语法→语篇”渐进式巩固路径，适配新授课基础夯实与能力初步提升需求，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（如disaster, warn）、基础语法（时态、词性转换）|采用首字母填空、单词形式填空，直接对接课时重点词汇与语法点| |进阶层|句型转换（汉译英）、情景应用（补全对话）|通过“做家务”“灾害应对”等生活化情景，强化语言在真实语境中的运用| |综合应用层|语篇理解（阅读理解）、语篇填空、完形填空|以“龙卷风”“洪水”等灾害语篇为载体，融合细节查找与逻辑推理，提升思维品质|

Unit 5 Nature's Temper 课时基础知识训练 Section A What happens during a natural disaster? 第一课时 (1a~2d) 一、根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确的单词。 1. The sudden e_ shook the whole town last night. 2. Heavy rain caused the river to f_ the village quickly. 3. Dark clouds _ (警告) us of the coming thunderstorm today. 4. A giant _ (波浪) crashed onto the beach suddenly. 5. Our _ (街区) looks beautiful. 二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. The long _ (dry) killed most crops in the region. 2. The reporter _ (interview) the victims of the disaster yesterday. 3. I _ (near) missed my train this busy morning. 4. The newspaper _ (report) the story on its front page yesterday. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 每周日早上我和妈妈一起做家务。 I _ _ every Sunday morning with my mum. 2. 爆炸时屋子里没有人。 There was no people in the house _ _ _ the explosion. 3. 有一个让汽车司机减速的指示牌。There was a sign telling drivers to _ _. 4. 昨夜湖边发生野火。The wildfire _ _ near the lake last night. 5. 我的外套掉了一颗纽扣。A button on my coat _ _. 四、阅读理解。 Every year in the US there are about 500 tornadoes, a natural disaster, from Texas through Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa and into South Dakota. 1. The "tornado season" is usually in spring, but the people in Tornado Alley are always ready for them and they always listen to the news. When the warnings come, 2_. They find somewhere safe to stay. At home, the best place is the basement—a room that is used to store things under the level of the ground. If there is no basement, a room without windows like the bathroom is also a safe place. "3_ so that we can get ready and won't feel afraid when there's a tornado," says Tiffany Taylor, a high school student from Texas. "There's no basement at my school, so we usually go to the hallways on the lowest floors. Of course, we never sit near the windows." After the tornado, people first check to see if it is safe to go out and then they check the buildings and the area for damage. 4_! In China, we do not have troubled by tornadoes, but we are so often disasters like earthquakes, or an unexpected fire. It is important to know how to keep us safe when a disaster happens. Remember, in order to stay safe in natural disasters, 5_. For example, we'd better keep disaster plans in mind and practise often. 根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A. people follow their disaster plans B. And usually there is a lot of damage C. At school, we often have practice D. That's why this area is called "Tornado Alley" E. We should get well prepared 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 五、语篇填空。 第一节从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 ice, heavy, match, rise, die, sleep, begin, windy, at, and The weather was terrible last night. When I left for the little house in the forest, it 1. _ to snow. On the way, the 2. _ got much stronger. I fell down many times because the 3. _ road. When I got to the house, it was snowing 4. _. I was so cold that I took out three 5. _ and made a fire at once. After having some food, I had a look 6. _ my watch. It was 11:30 p.m. The wind outside was 7. _ down. I lay down near the fire, I was so tired and fell 8 soon. When I woke up this morning, the sun was 9. _. The snow covered everything. It was a beautiful white world! Some birds were singing in the tree 10. _ two squirrels (松鼠) were looking for food. A new day full of hope began. 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 2. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ 第二节阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Last summer a big flood came to our small town. It rained 11. _ five days. The river became angry water and ran 12. _ our houses. Many families lost their beds, books and even chickens. My dad and I put sandbags at the door, 13. _ the water still came in. We had to climb to the roof and wait for help. A kind fireman carried my grandma to a boat. 14. _ night we stayed at the school on the hill. People shared bread and blankets. I felt scared, but I also saw many smiles. The flood broke our things, but it did 15. _ break our hearts. 11. _ 12. _ 13. _ 14. _ 15. _ 第二课时 (3a~3d) 一、根据汉语提示写出正确的单词。 1. My favourite _ (亲戚) is coming tomorrow. 2. The blue _ (卡车) delivered fresh vegetables. 3. _ (准备) helps avoid last-minute panic. 二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. The hikers packed enough _ (supply). 2. They _ (be) driving to the airport when the storm started. 3. It's _ (danger) to walk alone at night. 4. I _ (store) the winter clothes in boxes under the bed yesterday. 5. We left the beach when high tide was _ (come) in. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 我们用木板封好窗户,为暴风雨做准备。 We _ _ _ the storm by boarding up windows. 2. 他昨天在高速上出了事故。 He _ _ _ _ on the highway yesterday. 3. 请在晚餐前把盒子从桌上移走。 Please _ the boxes _ the table before dinner. 四、阅读理解。 Natural disasters are sudden events that cause great damage to people and the environment. Earthquakes, for example, can shake the ground violently and destroy buildings. They happen when the earth's plates move suddenly. Hurricanes are powerful storms that bring strong winds and heavy rain. They form over warm ocean waters and can cause floods when they hit land. Floods happen when too much rain falls and rivers overflow. They can wash away homes and crops. Droughts are long periods without rain. They can dry up rivers and lakes, making it hard for plants and animals to survive. Volcanic eruptions are when a volcano explodes, spewing out lava and ash. This can cover large areas and harm people and wildlife. It's important for us to be prepared for these disasters and to help those who are affected. ( )1. What is an earthquake caused by? A. Strong winds. B. Heavy rain. C. The movement of the earth's plates. D. Lava from a volcano. ( )2. Which natural disaster is formed over warm ocean waters? A. Earthquake. B. Hurricane. C. Flood. D. Drought. ( )3. What can cause floods? A. Too much rain. B. Drought. C. Volcanic eruptions. D. Earthquakes. ( )4. What is a drought? A. A powerful storm. B. A long period without rain. C. A sudden earthquake. D. A volcanic explosion. ( )5. What can volcanic eruptions spew out? A. Water. B. Lava and ash. C. Wind. D. Rain. 五、语篇填空。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 wind, area, light, volunteer, wood, rise, report, heavy, fall, apart Florida is a state in the southeast of the US. In summer and autumn, there are storms from time to time in this 1. _. On the afternoon of November 9, 2022, black clouds filled the sky. The news on TV 2. _ that a heavy rainstorm was on its way to Florida. Many people started to put pieces of 3. _ over the windows of their houses. They also prepared some candles. In the evening, the heavy rainstorm finally came with strong 4. _. The rain beat against the windows of the houses 5. _. The heavy rainstorm lasted for several hours. It broke many things 6. _ and caused lots of trees in the streets and parks to fall down. The power in many places was off and people there had to use candles to give 7. _. When the heavy rainstorm stopped early the next morning, the streets and parks in many cities in Florida were in a mess with 8. _ trees, broken windows and rubbish everywhere. After the sun 9. _, the cleaners began to clean up streets and parks. Many city residents (居民) also 10. _ to help. 六、补全对话。 根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子。 (A reporter is asking Bert some questions about the earthquake last month.) A: Bert, do you remember the earthquake last month? B: Of course. I will never forget it. A: 1. _? B: I was doing some shopping in a shopping centre. A: 2. _? B: I tried my best to run out to the street then. Many other people were also running quickly. A: Do you know it's dangerous to run during the earthquake? B: 3. _. But I know little about how to protect myself in an earthquake. A: You should read some information about that online. By the way, 4. _? B: Very afraid. A: Well, Bert, thanks for talking with me. B: 5. _. 第三课时 Grammar Focus (4a~4d) 一、根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确的单词。 1. Wind _ (能量) is clean. 2. I slept s_ all night. 3. Everything was covered with a _ (厚的) layer of dust. 4. Let's b_ the drum together. 5. They _ (躲藏) behind the door. 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He was _ (travel) when it began to rain. 2. The typhoon _ (land) on the coastal area. 3. She found her ring _ (shine) in the grass. 4. The dark forest makes us feel _ (scare). 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 昨晚灯全熄了。The lights _ _ last night. 2. 昨天下了倾盆大雨。 Yesterday it _ _ _. 3. 雨重重地敲打窗户。 Rain _ _ the window loudly. 4. 爸爸做饭时,我们正在做数学作业。 We _ _ maths homework while Dad was cooking. 四、完形填空。 Water is one of the most useful things on the earth. We drink it, wash with it and cook with it. However, it can be 1 ._ too. This was something that happened to me a few months ago. It started as a normal (正常的) school day. It was summer and the 2 ._ was really hot. We were studying 3 ._ our tests when a storm came. The sky went dark and the rain started to beat 4 ._ against the windows. The storm went on and on. Then, the rain started to come through the roof (屋顶) and 5 ._ on the desks in the classroom. Our books were getting wet. Suddenly there was a loud noise. We didn't 6 ._ what it was at first. Then, water came across the floor of our classroom. The school was flooded (被淹没). We all felt very 7 ._ and some of the girls started to cry. Miss Miller was calm. She told us all to hold hands. We slowly walked out of the 8 ._ in a line and came to a safe place. We didn't leave there 9 ._ the water was gone. Our school was in a mess. Together we 10 ._every classroom. Everyone felt tired but lucky! ( )1. A. harmful B. wonderful C. truthful D. peaceful ( )2. A. food B. board C. rock D. weather ( )3. A. for B. in C. with D. of ( )4. A. heavily B. lonely C. mostly D. hardly ( )5. A. fly B. cry C. sleep D. fall ( )6. A. report B. understand C. describe D. forget ( )7. A. proud B. excited C. sorry D. afraid ( )8. A. window B. museum C. ground D. classroom ( )9. A. if B. although C. until D. while ( )10. A. lifted up B. cleaned up C. set up D. looked up 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $