Unit 6 Friendship 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级下册

Unit 6 Friendship 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 时间40分钟，满分80分 一、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分15分 1．The Palace Museum is always crowded every day, ________ (尤其) during holidays. 2．Friendship can give us ________ (温暖). 3．We should ________ (沟通) with our friends often. 4．We should ________ (原谅) our friends’ small mistakes. 5．Good friends can ________ (鼓励) us to study hard. 6．They ________ (支持) each other all the time. 7．She always gives me good ________ (建议). 8．A friend in need is a friend ________ (真正地). 9．We must be ________ (诚实的) to each other. 10．He is my ________ (亲密的) friend. 11．We should ________ (信任) our best friends. 12．When Wang Yiming learned that his best friend would move back to the neighbourhood next month, he was_____________ (欣喜若狂) and immediately planned a welcome party with their mutual friends. 13．Many teenagers find it easier to share their secrets with friends than family members ____________ (由于) the mutual understanding and trust between peers. 14．We should ________ (珍惜) the friendship we have. 15．The ________ (快乐) from friendship lasts a lifetime. 二、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分15分 1．Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, ________ (special) in April and May. So you can come at that time. 2．In Western countries, people usually use ________ and forks to eat food. (knife) 3．They ________ (chat) online when I called them last night. 4．Thank you for ________ (share) your wonderful ideas with me. 5．I think ________ (friend) is the most valuable thing in life. 6．He is a ________ (help) boy and everyone likes him. 7．The story ________ (touch) my heart deeply last week. 8．________ (care) for others is a good way to make friends. 9．—Jim, would you mind ________ (dig) a hole for me to plant a tree?   —Not at all. 10．My friend often helps me ________ (improve) my spoken English. 11．He agreed ________ (lie) to his parents anymore because he realized that honesty is important in building trust. 12．My legs were ________ (shake), and my mouth felt dry. 13．He finds it hard ________ (finish) the work in two days. 14．She refused ________ (laugh) at others. 15．The instructions for the team project were unclear and left us all feeling ________. (confuse) 三、单项选择，每小题1分，满分15分 1．—Could you tell me ________ when visiting a mosque in Dubai? —You should dress modestly and women need to cover their hair. A．what should I do B．what I should do C．that I should do D．if I should do 2．Zengzi was a student of Confucius. He once said, “I examine myself three times every day.” This is to tell us ________. A．how can we correct our mistakes B．why we should respect ourselves C．what we need to do to become better D．whether we can live a better life 3．They used a stopwatch to see ________ was the fastest. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 4．Our teacher didn’t tell us the student’s name, but we all know ________ she was talking about. A．which B．what C．whose D．whom 5．—I’d like to buy a new jacket, but I don’t know ________. —How about this one? A．which should I choose B．which I should choose C．where I can get it D．where can I get it 6．The Youth Ceremony was held successfully. Could you tell me ________? A．who will be the host of it B．which hall was it held in C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech 7．My grandfather often tells me ________ I do in the future, I should try my best to do it well. A．wherever B．whatever C．whenever D．whoever 8．He didn’t tell me ________ the meeting would start, so I was late. A．when B．where C．what D．how 9．Hi, I’m Bob from France. Look at these photos. A city of flowers! You may wonder ________ I took them. A．where B．when C．why D．how 10．The two lines “Each bowl of rice, who knows? Is the fruit of hard work.” tell us ________. A．what is the fruit B．why we should treasure food C．where does the rice come from D．how many bowls of rice the writer can eat 11．—Could you tell me ________ I should behave when I meet foreign guests? —Just remember when in Rome, do as the Romans do. A．where B．what C．how D．why 12．—When did you start to learn to be independent? —I started it ________ I was 10 years old. A．in B．on C．at D．when 13．—Where is Linda? —She has been away for an hour. I don’t know _________ she is now. A．where B．who C．what D．how 14．Alice couldn’t find out ________, so she handed it to the teacher. A．whose book was it B．who’s the book C．whose book may it D．whose book it was 15．—There’re many great celebrations in our hometown during the Spring Festival. —I wonder ________. I can’t decide which one to join in. A．which is the most attractive B．why people celebrate it C．where will the celebrations be held D．if they are different from ours 四、完成句子，每小题1分，满分15分 1．我们要一直和老朋友保持联系。 We should always ________ touch with our old friends. 2．他因为友善交到很多好朋友。 He makes many good friends ________ his kindness. 3．小心别伤到自己，这把刀很锋利。 Be careful not to __________. The knife is sharp. 4．care, soon, get, if, you’ll, take, you, of, better, good, yourself _____________________________________________ 5．世界友谊日即将来临。   World Friendship Day is ________ up. 6．我想问我妈妈她如何处理与朋友的分歧。   I’d like to ask my mother how she ________ with arguments with her friends. 7．你的学校鼓励你去采访成年人，收集一些“配料”来制作一份“友谊食谱”。   Your school is ________ you to interview grown-ups to ________ some ingredients to make a “recipe” for friendship. 8．Both of Mary’s parents work in this hospital. (改为否定句) _________ of Mary’s parents _________ in this hospital. 9．She didn’t do any homework. I didn’t do any homework, either. (改为同义句) She didn’t do any homework, ________ ________ I. 10．如果我不能对其他男孩保守小狐狸和鸟巢的秘密，那么荒野上就没有什么是安全的。   If I couldn’t _______ secrets about fox cubs and bird nests from the other boys, then nothing would be _______ on the moor. 11．“让我给你看看这些工具——一把铲子、一把刀、一把叉子和两包种子。”   “Let me _______ you the tools — a shovel, a knife, a fork and two packets of seeds.” 12．迪肯说：“我明白了。你一定是玛丽小姐。”   Dickon says, “I see. You _______ be Miss Mary.” 13．玛丽从一个粗鲁、坏脾气的女孩变成了一个关心他人、乐于助人的女孩。   Mary changes from rude and bad-tempered to _______ and _______. 14．把你们所有的信息放在一起，选出最重要的建议。   Put all your ________ together and select the most important ________. 15．他们静静地躺了一会儿，享受着这一天。   They ________ still for a while, enjoying the day. 五、语法选择，每小题1分，满分20分 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last month, something bad happened between me and my best friend, Tom. And it really made me sad. It all began during a basketball game in P.E. class. We were both on the same team and really wanted to win. In the final minutes of the game, I 1 for the ball all the time. Finally, I had the ball. Instead of 2 it to Tom, who was in a better place, I shot the ball by myself. 3 , I missed, and we lost the game. After the game, Tom was really angry with me. He said I only thought of 4 and didn’t think about the team. I felt badly hurt, because I didn’t mean to think of myself. I just wanted to win so much that I made a wrong 5 . I didn’t talk to him for a whole week and 6 did he. And it was really uncomfortable. Later, I realized that both of us 7 wrong. Because I didn’t pass the ball to him and he was angry without listening to me. So, I decided to explain to him 8 we could be friends again. When there is a problem, I think we should have a talk, understand each other’s 9 , and solve problems together. Now, we are still best friends, and our friendship is even 10 . After the matter, we learned that communication is really important in a friendship. 1．A．am running B．was running C．run 2．A．passing B．to pass C．pass 3．A．Unlucky B．Luckily C．Unluckily 4．A．I B．myself C．me 5．A．decisions B．decision C．decide 6．A．neither B．either C．both 7．A．was B．were C．are 8．A．so that B．in order to C．such that 9．A．feel B．feelings C．feeling 10．A．strong B．the strongest C．stronger True friends are the most precious treasure in our lives. They are the ones 1 will always be there for you, no matter what happens. Last month, I 2 in big trouble. I lost my wallet on the way to school and was afraid to tell my parents. My best friend Tom noticed I was sad and asked me 3 was wrong. After I told him the truth, he didn’t laugh at me. 4 , he gave me some money and said, “Don’t worry. We can find a way together.” With his help, I 5 the courage to talk to my parents. To my surprise, they didn’t get angry at all. True friends don’t care about how much money you have 6 how popular you are. They care about you from the bottom of 7 hearts. When you are happy, they will share your joy; when you are sad, they will wipe your tears and cheer you up. They will never leave you alone 8 you face difficulties. 9 we grow older, we will meet many people, but true friends are not easy 10 . So we should always cherish the true friends around us. 1．A．who B．which C．whose 2．A．am B．was C．were 3．A．what B．that C．how 4．A．But B．Instead C．So 5．A．find B．finds C．found 6．A．and B．or C．so 7．A．their B．them C．they 8．A．if B．unless C．because 9．A．When B．Because C．Until 10．A．find B．to find C．finding 2 / 17 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Friendship 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 时间40分钟，满分80分 一、根据汉语提示填空，每小题1分，满分15分 1．The Palace Museum is always crowded every day, ________ (尤其) during holidays. 【答案】especially 【详解】句意：故宫博物院每天都很拥挤，尤其在假期期间。句中during holidays表示强调特定时间段，需要副词修饰整个时间状语，尤其对应的英文单词是especially，为副词，符合句子语法结构，故填especially。 2．Friendship can give us ________ (温暖). 【答案】warmth 【详解】句意：友谊能给予我们温暖。根据中文提示可知，“温暖”对应的英文是warmth，是名词，此处作宾语。 3．We should ________ (沟通) with our friends often. 【答案】communicate 【详解】句意：我们应该经常和我们的朋友沟通。根据中文提示可知，“沟通”对应的英文是communicate，是动词，should是情态动词，后接动词原形，所以此处用communicate。 4．We should ________ (原谅) our friends’ small mistakes. 【答案】forgive 【详解】句意：我们应该原谅朋友的小错误。句中“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形，括号内提示词为“原谅”，对应的英文动词是forgive。 5．Good friends can ________ (鼓励) us to study hard. 【答案】encourage 【详解】句意：好朋友能够鼓励我们努力学习。encourage“鼓励”，动词，位于情态动词“can”之后，使用动词原形。 6．They ________ (支持) each other all the time. 【答案】support 【详解】句意：他们一直相互支持。support“支持”，动词，使用一般现在时，主语“They”为复数，使用动词原形。 7．She always gives me good ________ (建议). 【答案】advice 【详解】句意：她总是给我好的建议。根据中文提示可知，“建议”对应的英文是advice，是不可数名词，此处作宾语。 8．A friend in need is a friend ________ (真正地). 【答案】indeed 【详解】句意：患难见真情。indeed“真正地”，副词，加强名词短语“a friend”，来突出这个朋友是“真正地；名副其实地”。 9．We must be ________ (诚实的) to each other. 【答案】honest 【详解】句意：我们必须彼此诚实。句中“be”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，括号内提示词为“诚实的”，对应的英文形容词是honest。 10．He is my ________ (亲密的) friend. 【答案】close 【详解】句意：他是我的亲密朋友。close“亲密的”，形容词，作定语，修饰后面的名词friend。 11．We should ________ (信任) our best friends. 【答案】trust 【详解】句意：我们应该信任我们最好的朋友。根据中文提示可知，“信任”对应的英文是trust，是动词，此处用在情态动词should后，用动词原形。 12．When Wang Yiming learned that his best friend would move back to the neighbourhood next month, he was_____________ (欣喜若狂) and immediately planned a welcome party with their mutual friends. 【答案】overjoyed 【详解】句意：当王一鸣得知他最好的朋友下个月要搬回小区时，他欣喜若狂，立刻和他们的共同朋友计划了一个欢迎派对。根据汉语提示可知，overjoyed表示“欣喜若狂”，形容词作表语。故可填overjoyed。 13．Many teenagers find it easier to share their secrets with friends than family members ____________ (由于) the mutual understanding and trust between peers. 【答案】due to/because of 【详解】句意：许多青少年发现，由于同龄人之间的相互理解和信任，他们与朋友分享秘密比与家人分享更容易。根据汉语提示“由于”及后面跟名词短语可知，此处应用介词短语due to或because of，表示原因。故填due to/because of。 14．We should ________ (珍惜) the friendship we have. 【答案】cherish 【详解】句意：我们应该珍惜我们拥有的友谊。根据句意和括号内的中文提示可知，此处考查cherish“珍惜”，动词；空格前有情态动词“should”，其后需接动词原形。故填cherish。 15．The ________ (快乐) from friendship lasts a lifetime. 【答案】joy 【详解】句意：友谊的快乐会持续一生。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填joy“快乐”，the后加名词作主语。故填joy。 二、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分15分 1．Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, ________ (special) in April and May. So you can come at that time. 【答案】especially 【详解】句意：数百万朵野花为山谷增添了色彩，尤其是在四月和五月。所以你可以那个时候来。强调“特别是在四月和五月”。所给词special意为“特别的”，其副词形式especially意为“尤其、特别”，符合语境。故填especially。 2．In Western countries, people usually use ________ and forks to eat food. (knife) 【答案】knives 【详解】句意：在西方国家，人们通常使用刀和叉子吃东西。forks是可数名词复数，前后并列结构需保持形式一致。knife意为“刀”，变为复数需把fe改为v再加es，变为knives。 3．They ________ (chat) online when I called them last night. 【答案】were chatting 【详解】句意：昨晚我给他们打电话的时候，他们正在网上聊天。句中“when I called them last night”为过去的时间状语，提示主句动作在过去某个时刻正在进行，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”，主语“They”为复数，be动词用were，chat变为现在分词需双写末尾辅音字母t再加-ing。 4．Thank you for ________ (share) your wonderful ideas with me. 【答案】sharing 【详解】句意：谢谢你和我分享你精彩的想法。句中“Thank you for”后接动名词作宾语，是固定搭配，提示词“share”为动词，需去掉词尾不发音的e再加-ing，变为动名词sharing，意为“分享”。 5．I think ________ (friend) is the most valuable thing in life. 【答案】friendship 【详解】句意：我认为友谊是生命中最珍贵的东西。句中宾语从句缺少主语，需用名词形式，提示词“friend”意为“朋友”，此处表示抽象的“友谊”概念，需将friend变为friendship，意为“友谊”。 6．He is a ________ (help) boy and everyone likes him. 【答案】helpful 【详解】句意：他是一个乐于助人的男孩，每个人都喜欢他。句中“a”和“boy”之间需要形容词修饰名词，根据“everyone likes him”可知，他是乐于助人的，提示词“help”为动词，在词尾加后缀-ful变为形容词，helpful意为“乐于助人的”，符合语境。 7．The story ________ (touch) my heart deeply last week. 【答案】touched 【详解】句意：这个故事上周深深触动了我的心。根据句中时间状语“last week”可知，句子要用一般过去时态，谓语动词要用touch的过去式形式touched。 8．________ (care) for others is a good way to make friends. 【答案】Caring 【详解】句意：关心别人是交朋友的好方法。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语是is，“... for others”是句子主语，动词不能直接作主语，需要变为动名词形式来表泛指的动作；care的动名词为caring，句首首字母需要大写。 9．—Jim, would you mind ________ (dig) a hole for me to plant a tree?   —Not at all. 【答案】digging 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你介意帮我挖个坑种树吗？——一点也不介意。mind后接动名词作宾语，构成固定搭配mind doing sth.，意为“介意做某事”，dig的动名词形式为digging。 10．My friend often helps me ________ (improve) my spoken English. 【答案】to improve/improve 【详解】句意：我的朋友经常帮助我提高英语口语。help sb. (to) do sth.是固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，不定式符号to可省略。 11．He agreed ________ (lie) to his parents anymore because he realized that honesty is important in building trust. 【答案】not to lie 【详解】句意：他同意不再对父母撒谎，因为他意识到诚实对于建立信任很重要。根据“agreed”提示，agree to do sth.“同意做某事”，根据“because he realized that honesty is important in building trust.”可知，空处指“不撒谎”，其否定形式为agree not to do sth.“同意不做某事”。lie的不定式形式是to lie，其否定形式为not to lie。 12．My legs were ________ (shake), and my mouth felt dry. 【答案】shaking 【详解】句意：我的腿在颤抖，嘴也发干。空格前有“were”，空白处应填现在分词，构成过去进行时态，结构为“were+doing”。故填shaking。 13．He finds it hard ________ (finish) the work in two days. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：他发现在两天内完成这项工作很难。固定句型find it+形容词+to do sth.表示“发现做某事是……的”，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to finish。 14．She refused ________ (laugh) at others. 【答案】to laugh 【详解】句意：她拒绝嘲笑他人。laugh at“嘲笑”，动词短语，根据“refuse to do sth.”可知，空处使用不定式to laugh。 15．The instructions for the team project were unclear and left us all feeling ________. (confuse) 【答案】confused 【详解】句意：团队项目的说明不清楚，让我们所有人都感到困惑。句中“feeling”是系动词，后面常接形容词作表语。“confuse”作为动词时，意为“使困惑”，其形容词形式有“confused”和“confusing” ，“confused”通常用来形容人“感到困惑的”，而“confusing”常用来形容事物“令人困惑的”，这里说的是“us（我们）”感到困惑，所以应该用“confused”，故填confused。 三、单项选择，每小题1分，满分15分 1．—Could you tell me ________ when visiting a mosque in Dubai? —You should dress modestly and women need to cover their hair. A．what should I do B．what I should do C．that I should do D．if I should do 【答案】B 【详解】句意： ——你能告诉我参观迪拜清真寺时我该做什么吗？ ——你应该穿着得体，女性需要遮住头发。 宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语”，A项为疑问语序，排除；根据答句可知询问的是具体做法，应用what引导，且what在从句中作do的宾语，C项that和D项if不符合语境。应填what I should do。 2．Zengzi was a student of Confucius. He once said, “I examine myself three times every day.” This is to tell us ________. A．how can we correct our mistakes B．why we should respect ourselves C．what we need to do to become better D．whether we can live a better life 【答案】C 【详解】句意：曾子是孔子的学生，他曾说“吾日三省吾身”，这句话是为了告诉我们：我们需要做什么来变得更好。 how can we correct our mistakes我们怎样纠正我们的错误，疑问语序；why we should respect ourselves为什么我们要尊重自己；what we need to do to become better我们需要做什么来变得更好；whether we can live a better life我们能否过上更好的生活。根据“He once said, ‘I examine myself three times every day.’ This is to tell us…”可知，本句为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除A；B、D均与自省无关。应填what we need to do to become better。 3．They used a stopwatch to see ________ was the fastest. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们用秒表来看谁是最快的。 who谁，主格；whom谁，宾格；whose谁的；which哪一个。空格在从句中作主语，指人，应填who。 4．Our teacher didn’t tell us the student’s name, but we all know ________ she was talking about. A．which B．what C．whose D．whom 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的老师没有告诉我们那个学生的名字，但我们都知道她在说谁。 which哪一个；what什么；whose谁的；whom谁（宾格）。根据“Our teacher didn’t tell us the student’s name”可知谈论的对象是学生（人），且设空处在从句中作介词about的宾语，指代人应用whom。 5．—I’d like to buy a new jacket, but I don’t know ________. —How about this one? A．which should I choose B．which I should choose C．where I can get it D．where can I get it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想买一件新夹克，但我不知道该选哪一件。——这个怎么样？ 宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“连接词 + 主语 + 谓语”，选项A和D为疑问语序，故排除；根据答语“How about this one?”可知，此处语境是在商量选哪一件，而不是询问在哪里购买，故排除C，which I should choose符合语境。 6．The Youth Ceremony was held successfully. Could you tell me ________? A．who will be the host of it B．which hall was it held in C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech 【答案】C 【详解】句意：青年典礼成功举办。你能告诉我谁的表演让你最激动吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，故B项错误；根据主句“Could you tell me”可知，宾语从句带有疑问语气，D项虽为陈述语序，但“that”引导的宾语从句陈述事实，故D项错误；主句是一般现在时，宾语从句应用所需的任一时态，根据“The Youth Ceremony was held successfully.”可知是一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，故A项时态错误，C项正确。故选C。 7．My grandfather often tells me ________ I do in the future, I should try my best to do it well. A．wherever B．whatever C．whenever D．whoever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的爷爷经常告诉我，在将来无论做什么，我都应该尽力做好。 考查宾语从句引导词辨析。wherever无论哪里；whatever无论什么；whenever无论什么时候；whoever无论谁。此处作后面do的宾语，且指物，所以用whatever。故选B。 8．He didn’t tell me ________ the meeting would start, so I was late. A．when B．where C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他没有告诉我会议什么时候开始，所以我迟到了。 when什么时候；where在哪里；what什么；how如何、怎样；根据句中的结果“so I was late（所以我迟到了）”可知，前半句强调的是“不知道会议开始的时间”，应选when。 9．Hi, I’m Bob from France. Look at these photos. A city of flowers! You may wonder ________ I took them. A．where B．when C．why D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：嗨，我是来自法国的鲍勃。看这些照片。一个花之城！你可能想知道我是在哪里拍的它们。 where哪里；when什么时候；why为什么；how如何。根据前文“A city of flowers!”可知强调的是地点，推测对方想知道照片拍摄的地点。 10．The two lines “Each bowl of rice, who knows? Is the fruit of hard work.” tell us ________. A．what is the fruit B．why we should treasure food C．where does the rice come from D．how many bowls of rice the writer can eat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这两行诗句“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”告诉我们为什么要珍惜食物。 根据“Is the fruit of hard work”可知米饭是辛勤劳动的成果，来之不易，旨在教育我们要珍惜食物，此处为宾语从句，遵循“陈述语序”。D选项“为什么我们应该珍惜食物”符合。 11．—Could you tell me ________ I should behave when I meet foreign guests? —Just remember when in Rome, do as the Romans do. A．where B．what C．how D．why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我当遇到外国客人时我应该如何表现吗？——请记住，入乡随俗。 where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。答语“Just remember when in Rome, do as the Romans do.”提示，问句询问的是行为举止的方式，应用how引导宾语从句。 12．—When did you start to learn to be independent? —I started it ________ I was 10 years old. A．in B．on C．at D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你什么时候开始学习独立？——当我10岁的时候开始的。 in在……里面；on在……上面；at在……时刻；when当……时候。根据空后“I was 10 years old”是一个完整的句子，此处需要连词引导时间状语从句，in, on, at均为介词，后接名词或代词，不能接句子，应填when。 13．—Where is Linda? —She has been away for an hour. I don’t know _________ she is now. A．where B．who C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——琳达在哪里？——她已经离开一个小时了。我不知道她现在在哪里。 where哪里；who谁；what什么；how怎样。根据问句“Where is Linda?”可知询问地点，结合答语她已离开一小时，可知答语不知道她现在的地点。 14．Alice couldn’t find out ________, so she handed it to the teacher. A．whose book was it B．who’s the book C．whose book may it D．whose book it was 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Alice找不出这是谁的书，所以她把它交给了老师。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句为宾语从句，语序为陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”的语序，排除选项A和C。根据“she handed it to the teacher”可知，此处指不知道这是谁的书。用whose引导宾语从句。故选D。 15．—There’re many great celebrations in our hometown during the Spring Festival. —I wonder ________. I can’t decide which one to join in. A．which is the most attractive B．why people celebrate it C．where will the celebrations be held D．if they are different from ours 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——春节期间我们家乡有很多盛大的庆祝活动。——我想知道哪一个最吸引人。我无法决定参加哪一个。 考查宾语从句。which is the most attractive哪一个最吸引人；why people celebrate it人们为什么庆祝它；where will the celebrations be held庆祝活动将在哪里举行；if they are different from ours它们是否与我们的不同。根据答句后半句“I can’t decide which one to join in.”可知，说话者是在多个庆祝活动中进行选择，因此询问“哪一个最吸引人”最符合语境。故选A。 四、完成句子，每小题1分，满分15分 1．我们要一直和老朋友保持联系。 We should always ________ touch with our old friends. 【答案】stay in 【详解】原句中“保持联系”是关键词，表示“保持联系”的短语是stay in touch with。“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形。 2．他因为友善交到很多好朋友。 He makes many good friends ________ his kindness. 【答案】because of 【详解】原句中“因为”是关键词，表示“因为”的短语是because of，后接名词短语。 3．小心别伤到自己，这把刀很锋利。 Be careful not to __________. The knife is sharp. 【答案】hurt yourself 【详解】原句中“伤到自己”是关键词，表示“伤到自己”的短语是hurt oneself。本句是一个祈使句，主语是隐含的“你”，所以反身代词要用yourself。Be careful not to后面接动词原形。 4．care, soon, get, if, you’ll, take, you, of, better, good, yourself _____________________________________________ 【答案】If you take good care of yourself, you’ll get better soon. 【详解】分析所给词及标点，本句是含条件状语从句的复合句，you作条件状语从句的主语，take good care of是固定短语作从句谓语，yourself作介词of的宾语；you’ll get better soon是主句，其中you’ll（you will）作主语+助动词，get better作谓语，soon作时间状语。 5．世界友谊日即将来临。   World Friendship Day is ________ up. 【答案】coming 【详解】原句中“即将来临”是关键词，表示“来临”的短语是come up，“即将”提示本句为现在进行时表将来，is后接现在分词，故填coming。 6．我想问我妈妈她如何处理与朋友的分歧。   I’d like to ask my mother how she ________ with arguments with her friends. 【答案】deals 【详解】原句中“处理”是关键词，表示“处理”的短语是deal with，本句为宾语从句，主句使用would like结构，表示现在的委婉愿望，从句用一般现在时，主语是she，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式deals。 7．你的学校鼓励你去采访成年人，收集一些“配料”来制作一份“友谊食谱”。   Your school is ________ you to interview grown-ups to ________ some ingredients to make a “recipe” for friendship. 【答案】 encouraging gather 【详解】原句中“鼓励”和“收集”是关键词，表示“鼓励”的单词是encourage，本句为现在进行时，is后接现在分词；表示“收集”的单词是gather，to后接动词原形作目的状语。故填encouraging；gather。 8．Both of Mary’s parents work in this hospital. (改为否定句) _________ of Mary’s parents _________ in this hospital. 【答案】 Neither works 【详解】原句中both of表示“两者都”。变成否定需要表示“两者都不”用neither of。“Neither of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数。 9．She didn’t do any homework. I didn’t do any homework, either. (改为同义句) She didn’t do any homework, ________ ________ I. 【答案】 neither/nor did 【详解】句意：她没有做任何家庭作业，我也没有做。分析句子结构可知，此处表达“也不”可用neither/nor+助动词+主语，前句为一般过去时，助动词用did。 10．如果我不能对其他男孩保守小狐狸和鸟巢的秘密，那么荒野上就没有什么是安全的。   If I couldn’t _______ secrets about fox cubs and bird nests from the other boys, then nothing would be _______ on the moor. 【答案】 keep safe 【详解】原句中的关键词为“保守”与“安全的”，“保守”的英文为keep，动词，与空后“secrets”构成固定搭配keep secrets，意为“保守秘密”，位于情态动词couldn’t之后，需用动词原形；“安全的”英文为safe，形容词，作表语，符合语义。故填keep；safe。 11．“让我给你看看这些工具——一把铲子、一把刀、一把叉子和两包种子。”   “Let me _______ you the tools — a shovel, a knife, a fork and two packets of seeds.” 【答案】show 【详解】句意：让我给你看看这些工具——一把铲子、一把刀、一把叉子和两包种子。 “让某人做某事”用固定句型Let sb. do sth.，此处需填动词原形，“展示、给……看”对应的英语动词为show。故填show。 12．迪肯说：“我明白了。你一定是玛丽小姐。”   Dickon says, “I see. You _______ be Miss Mary.” 【答案】must 【详解】原句中“一定是”是关键词，表示“一定是”的英文是must，是情态动词，表示肯定的推测。故填must。 13．玛丽从一个粗鲁、坏脾气的女孩变成了一个关心他人、乐于助人的女孩。   Mary changes from rude and bad-tempered to _______ and _______. 【答案】 caring helpful 【详解】原句中“关心他人”和“乐于助人”是关键词。change from...to...表示“从……变成……”，前后结构要对称。前面是两个形容词rude and bad-tempered，所以后面也需要两个形容词。在所学单词中，“关心他人的”对应的形容词是caring，“乐于助人的”对应的形容词是helpful。故填caring；helpful。 14．把你们所有的信息放在一起，选出最重要的建议。   Put all your ________ together and select the most important ________. 【答案】 information suggestion 【详解】原句中“信息”是关键词，表示“信息”的单词是information，为不可数名词，故第一个空填information；“建议”也是关键词，表示“建议”的单词是suggestion，结合“the most important”（最重要的），此处用单数形式即可。 15．他们静静地躺了一会儿，享受着这一天。   They ________ still for a while, enjoying the day. 【答案】lay 【详解】原文中的关键词是“躺”，句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。 “躺” 的动词原形是lie，过去式为不规则变化lay。 五、语法选择，每小题1分，满分20分 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last month, something bad happened between me and my best friend, Tom. And it really made me sad. It all began during a basketball game in P.E. class. We were both on the same team and really wanted to win. In the final minutes of the game, I 1 for the ball all the time. Finally, I had the ball. Instead of 2 it to Tom, who was in a better place, I shot the ball by myself. 3 , I missed, and we lost the game. After the game, Tom was really angry with me. He said I only thought of 4 and didn’t think about the team. I felt badly hurt, because I didn’t mean to think of myself. I just wanted to win so much that I made a wrong 5 . I didn’t talk to him for a whole week and 6 did he. And it was really uncomfortable. Later, I realized that both of us 7 wrong. Because I didn’t pass the ball to him and he was angry without listening to me. So, I decided to explain to him 8 we could be friends again. When there is a problem, I think we should have a talk, understand each other’s 9 , and solve problems together. Now, we are still best friends, and our friendship is even 10 . After the matter, we learned that communication is really important in a friendship. 1．A．am running B．was running C．run 2．A．passing B．to pass C．pass 3．A．Unlucky B．Luckily C．Unluckily 4．A．I B．myself C．me 5．A．decisions B．decision C．decide 6．A．neither B．either C．both 7．A．was B．were C．are 8．A．so that B．in order to C．such that 9．A．feel B．feelings C．feeling 10．A．strong B．the strongest C．stronger 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者与好友汤姆在篮球比赛中因配合问题产生矛盾，双方冷战后意识到错误，通过沟通重归于好，并领悟到友谊中沟通重要性的故事。 1．句意：在比赛的最后几分钟，我一直都在抢球。 根据前文“In the final minutes of the game”可知，此处描述的是比赛进行中的动作，需用过去进行时“was/were + 动词现在分词”，主语是“I”，所以用“was running”，表示“一直在抢球”。 2．句意：我没有把球传给位置更好的汤姆，而是自己投篮了。 根据“Instead of”可知，此处需用动名词形式作宾语，表示“没有做某事”，“passing”是动名词形式，符合语法规则。 3．句意：不幸的是，我没投进，我们输了比赛。 根据“I missed, and we lost the game.”可知，没投进并输了比赛是不幸的结果，需用副词修饰整个句子，“Unluckily”是副词，表示“不幸地”，符合语境；Unlucky是形容词；Luckily是副词，表示“幸运地”，与语境不符。 4．句意：他说我只想着自己，没有考虑团队。 根据“I didn’t mean to think of myself.”可知，汤姆认为作者只考虑自己，需用反身代词“myself”表示“我自己”。I是人称代词主格；me是人称代词宾格，均不符合要求。 5．句意：我只是太想赢了，以至于做了一个错误的决定。 根据“a wrong”可知，此处需用名词单数形式作宾语，“decision”是名词单数，表示“决定”，符合语境。 6．句意：我一整周都没和他说话，他也没和我说话。 根据“I didn’t talk to him for a whole week”及“did he”可知，此处表示“他也没和我说话”，需用“neither”表示“两者都不”，either表示“两者之一”；both表示“两者都”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：后来，我意识到我们俩都错了。 根据“Later”及“both of us”可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，且主语是复数，所以用“were”。 8．句意：所以我决定向他解释，以便我们能再次成为朋友。 根据“we could be friends again”可知，此处表示目的，需用“so that”引导目的状语从句。in order to表示“为了”，后接动词原形；such that表示“如此……以至于”，均不符合要求。 9．句意：当有问题时，我认为我们应该谈谈，理解彼此的感受，并一起解决问题。 根据“each other’s”可知，此处需用名词复数形式作宾语，“feelings”是名词复数，表示“感受”，符合语境。 10．句意：现在，我们仍然是最好的朋友，我们的友谊甚至更牢固了。 根据“even”可知，此处需用比较级形式表示程度的加深，“stronger”是比较级形式，表示“更牢固的”，符合语境；strong是形容词原级；the strongest是最高级形式，均不符合要求。 True friends are the most precious treasure in our lives. They are the ones 1 will always be there for you, no matter what happens. Last month, I 2 in big trouble. I lost my wallet on the way to school and was afraid to tell my parents. My best friend Tom noticed I was sad and asked me 3 was wrong. After I told him the truth, he didn’t laugh at me. 4 , he gave me some money and said, “Don’t worry. We can find a way together.” With his help, I 5 the courage to talk to my parents. To my surprise, they didn’t get angry at all. True friends don’t care about how much money you have 6 how popular you are. They care about you from the bottom of 7 hearts. When you are happy, they will share your joy; when you are sad, they will wipe your tears and cheer you up. They will never leave you alone 8 you face difficulties. 9 we grow older, we will meet many people, but true friends are not easy 10 . So we should always cherish the true friends around us. 1．A．who B．which C．whose 2．A．am B．was C．were 3．A．what B．that C．how 4．A．But B．Instead C．So 5．A．find B．finds C．found 6．A．and B．or C．so 7．A．their B．them C．they 8．A．if B．unless C．because 9．A．When B．Because C．Until 10．A．find B．to find C．finding 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了真正朋友的意义。真正的朋友是无论发生什么都会陪伴在你身边的人。作者通过自己丢失钱包后得到朋友帮助的经历，说明了朋友在困难时的支持与陪伴，最后呼吁大家珍惜身边真正的朋友。 1．句意：他们是无论发生什么都会永远陪伴在你身边的人。 定语从句修饰先行词“ones”，指代人，且在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。which指代物，whose表示所属关系，均不符合。 2．句意：上个月，我陷入了大麻烦。 根据时间状语“Last month”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，主语为I，故用was。am是现在时，were与I不搭配。 3．句意：我最好的朋友Tom注意到我很难过，问我出了什么事。 “what was wrong”是询问“出了什么事”的固定表达，what在宾语从句中作主语。that引导陈述句无实际意义，how表示“如何”，均不符合语境。 4．句意：相反，他给了我一些钱，说：“别担心。我们可以一起想办法。” 前文说他没嘲笑我，后文说他给了我钱，两者是转折对比关系，故用Instead表示“相反”。But也表示转折，但后面需接完整句子，Instead可作副词独立使用，更符合此处结构。 5．句意：在他的帮助下，我找到了勇气和父母谈话。 根据上下文可知，这是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故用found。find是原形，finds是第三人称单数，均不符合时态。 6．句意：真正的朋友不在乎你有多少钱，也不在乎你有多受欢迎。 “how much money”和“how popular”是并列的两种情况，在否定句中应用or连接。and用于肯定句并列，so表示因果，均不符合。 7．句意：他们是从心底里关心你。 “from the bottom of their hearts”是固定短语，意为“从心底里”，their是形容词性物主代词，修饰hearts。them是宾格，they是主格，均不能修饰名词。 8．句意：当你面对困难时，他们永远不会丢下你一个人。 此处表示条件，“如果你面对困难”，应用if引导条件状语从句。unless意为“除非”，because意为“因为”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：随着我们长大，我们会遇见很多人，但真正的朋友不容易找到。 此处表示时间，“当我们长大时”，应用When引导时间状语从句。Because表示原因，Until表示“直到”，均不符合。 10．句意：但真正的朋友不容易找到。 “be easy to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“容易做某事”，应用不定式to find。find是动词原形，finding是动名词，均不能用于此句型。 2 / 17 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $