Unit 6 Friendship 核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元练习（沪教版（五四学制））

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 6 Friendship单元复习卷，聚焦单词变形、语法句型及短文综合应用，通过友谊主题情境提升语言能力与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词适当形式填空|20题/20分|confuse→confused、knife→knives等词性转换、名词复数|基础巩固，强化词汇运用能力| |汉语提示写单词|10题/10分|patient（有耐心的）、communicate（交流）等核心词汇|直接考查单词拼写，夯实基础| |完成句子|10题/30分|连词成句（31题）、句型转换（否定句33题）|融合语法应用与句子结构分析，提升思维品质| |短文填空|10题/40分|invitation→invites（动词时态）、magic→magical（词性转换）|友谊主题情境，综合考查语篇理解与词汇语法运用|

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 6 Friendship 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．The instructions for the team project were unclear and left us all feeling ________. (confuse) 【答案】confused 【详解】句意：团队项目的说明不清楚，让我们所有人都感到困惑。句中“feeling”是系动词，后面常接形容词作表语。“confuse”作为动词时，意为“使困惑”，其形容词形式有“confused”和“confusing” ，“confused”通常用来形容人“感到困惑的”，而“confusing”常用来形容事物“令人困惑的”，这里说的是“us（我们）”感到困惑，所以应该用“confused”，故填confused。 2．We need to bring forks and ________ for the picnic that our friendship group organised. (knife) 【答案】knives 【详解】句意：我们需要为我们友谊小组组织的野餐带来叉子和刀。句中“and”连接并列成分“forks”和所填词，“forks”是名词“fork（叉子）”的复数形式。“knife”作为名词时，意为“刀”，是可数名词，其复数形式是把“fe”变为“v”再加“es”，即“knives”，故填knives。 3．True friendship is valuable, ________ when you are going through difficult times in life. (especial) 【答案】especially 【详解】句意：真正的友谊是宝贵的，尤其是当你正在经历人生中的困难时期的时候。句中“when you are going through difficult times in life”是一个时间状语从句，而“especial”作为形容词时，意为“特别的；特殊的”，但在此句中，需要一个副词来修饰整个时间状语从句，因此，“especial”的副词形式为“especially (尤其，特别)”，故填especially。 4．My friend held my hand ________ when I felt nervous. (firm) 【答案】firmly 【详解】句意：当我感到紧张时，我的朋友紧紧地握住我的手。句中“held”是动词“hold（握住）”的过去式，需要用副词来修饰。“firm”作为形容词时，意为“牢固的，坚定的”，其副词形式是“firmly”，表示“紧紧地，牢固地”，故填firmly。 5．I felt a bit ________ about whether our new classmate really wanted to join our group.  (doubt) 【答案】doubtful 【详解】句意：我有点怀疑我们的新同学是否真的想加入我们的小组。句中“a bit”表示“有点儿”，用来修饰形容词。“doubt”作为名词时，意为“怀疑”；作为动词时，意为“怀疑，不确定”，而这里需要填形容词形式，“doubt”的形容词形式为“doubtful”，意为“怀疑的；不确定的”，作表语，故填doubtful。 6．Sarah has a very ________ personality and always makes everyone around her feel happy. (cheer) 【答案】cheerful 【详解】句意：Sarah有一个非常开朗的性格，总是让她周围的每个人都感到快乐。句中“personality”是名词，意为“性格”，前面需要用形容词来修饰。“cheer”作为动词时，意为“欢呼，使高兴”，其形容词形式为“cheerful”，表示“快乐的；开朗的”，作定语。故填cheerful。 7．At the school party, my best friend performed like a talented ________ to make us all laugh.  (magic) 【答案】magician 【详解】句意：在学校聚会上，我最好的朋友表现得像一个有才华的魔术师，逗得我们大家都笑了。句中“talented”表示“有才华的”，用来修饰名词。而“magic”作为名词时，意为“魔术”，其表示“魔术师”的名词形式为“magician”，是可数名词，根据句意这里指一个魔术师，用单数形式，故填magician。 8．The old tree in our neighbourhood is now ________ because of the severe drought. (die) 【答案】dying 【详解】句意：由于严重的干旱，我们附近的老树现在正在枯死。根据“because of the severe drought.”以及所给单词可知，应填die的形容词形式dying“临死的，垂死的”，作表语。故填dying。 9．She ________ the friendship poster we made together right above her bed. (hang) 【答案】hung 【详解】句意：她把我们一起做的友谊海报挂在她的床的正上方。根据“ we made together right above her bed.”可知本句时态为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，动词用过去式hung。故填hung。 10．It’s kind of you ________ (give) me a hand when I was in trouble. 【答案】to give 【详解】句意：在我困难的时候你帮了我，你真是太好了。“It’s + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填 to give。 11．He is a ________ (rely) friend who always keeps his promises. 【答案】reliable 【详解】句意：他是一个总是信守承诺的可靠朋友。根据“He is a…friend”，结合所给词可知，rely“依赖”，为动词；此处位于不定冠词“a”之后，名词“friend”之前，应填入其形容词形式reliable，意为“可靠的”，作定语修饰“friend”。故填reliable。 12．She ________ (forgive) her brother for breaking her cup yesterday. 【答案】forgave 【详解】句意：她昨天原谅了她弟弟打破她的杯子。句中有表示过去的时间状语“yesterday”，因此谓语动词应用过去式“forgave”。故填forgave。 13．My friend encouraged me ________ (take) part in the speech competition. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：我的朋友鼓励我参加演讲比赛。encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，此处需填入动词不定式“to take”，作宾语“me”的补足语。故填to take。 14．Many precious ________ (memory) are left after being with friends for years. 【答案】memories 【详解】句意：与朋友相处多年后，留下了许多珍贵的回忆。many后接可数名词复数形式，memory的复数形式是memories。故填memories。 15．The more we communicate, the ________ (good) we understand each other. 【答案】better 【详解】句意：我们交流得越多，彼此就理解得越好。根据“The more we communicate”可知，该句采用“The+比较级…, the+比较级…”结构表示“越……，越……”，good的比较级为better。故填better。 16．After ________ (argue) for an hour, they finally reached an agreement. 【答案】arguing 【详解】句意：在争论了一个小时后，他们最终达成了协议。argue“争论”，动词；根据“After”可知，此处是介词“After”后接动名词形式，作宾语，arguing符合。故填arguing。 17．Look! They ________ (talk) about their friendship happily in the classroom. 【答案】are talking 【详解】句意：看！他们正在教室里开心地谈论他们的友谊。talk“谈论”，动词；根据“Look!”可知，此处描述的是正在发生的动作，用现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are+doing”，主语“They”是复数，be动词用are，talk的现在分词是talking。故填are talking。 18．We need to find a good ________ (solve) to the disagreement. 【答案】solution 【详解】句意：我们需要找到一个解决分歧的好方法。根据“good”可知，形容词修饰名词，solve的名词形式是solution。故填solution。 19．She is a ________ (self) girl who always thinks of others first. 【答案】selfless 【详解】句意：她是个无私的女孩，总是先考虑别人。根据“who always thinks of others first”可知，总是先考虑别人的人是无私的。self的形容词形式selfless“无私的”符合语境，作定语修饰名词girl。故填selfless。 20．It takes ________ (brave) to admit your own mistakes to friends. 【答案】bravery 【详解】句意：向朋友承认自己的错误需要勇气。brave是形容词“勇敢的”；空格处内容位于动词takes之后作宾语，应用其名词形式bravery“勇气”。故填bravery。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 21．She is ________ (有耐心的) enough to wait for me every day. 【答案】patient 【详解】句意：她很有耐心，每天都等我。根据汉语提示“有耐心的”可知，patient“有耐心的”，形容词；be patient enough to do sth.“足够有耐心做某事”，形容词作表语。故填patient。 22．We should ________ (交流) with each other more often. 【答案】communicate 【详解】句意：我们应该更频繁地相互交流。communicate“交流”，情态动词should后跟动词原形。故填communicate。 23．We need to ________ (理解) each other’s differences. 【答案】understand 【详解】句意：我们需要理解彼此的差异。“理解”对应的英文动词是“understand”，to后接动词原形，故填understand。 24．The ________ (快乐) from friendship lasts a lifetime. 【答案】joy 【详解】句意：友谊的快乐会持续一生。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填joy“快乐”，the后加名词作主语。故填joy。 25．Don’t ________ (忽视) your friends’ feelings. 【答案】ignore 【详解】句意：不要忽视你朋友的感受。忽视“ignore”，动词，是常见的英文表达之一；根据“Don’t...your friends’ feelings.”可知，此处是祈使句的否定形式，用“Don’t+动词原形”结构，故此处用动词原形。故填ignore。 26．The ________ (善良) of strangers can sometimes warm our hearts. 【答案】kindness 【详解】句意：陌生人的善良有时能温暖我们的心。分析句子结构，定冠词The后需要接名词，在句中作主语。“善良”对应的英文名词为kindness。故填kindness。 27．Be ________ (友好的) to everyone, and you’ll make more friends. 【答案】friendly 【详解】句意：对每个人都友好，你会交到更多的朋友。友好的“friendly”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填friendly。 28．My friend’s ________ (支持) gave me confidence. 【答案】support 【详解】句意：我朋友的支持给了我信心。根据汉语提示可知，support“支持”，此处用作不可数名词，故填support。 29．His ________ (耐心) made him popular among his friends. 【答案】patience 【详解】句意：他的耐心让他在朋友中很受欢迎。patience“耐心”，是不可数名词，有形容词性物主代词his修饰，用名词，故填patience。 30．I have full ________ (信任) in my classmate’s ability. 【答案】trust 【详解】句意：我完全信任我同学的能力。根据中文提示“信任”以及句中形容词full可知，这里需要用不可数名词形式，trust“信任”符合语境及语法要求。故填trust。 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．think, I, that, good friends, always, should, be there, to, support, important, it is, each other (.) (连词成句) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】I think it is important that good friends should always be there to support each other. 【详解】根据所给标点可知，应用陈述句的形式，句子为“I think+宾语从句”的结构。I作主句主语，think是主句谓语动词，意为“认为”；it is important that...表示“……是重要的”；good friends是宾语从句中的主语，表示“好朋友”；should是情态动词，表示“应该”；always表示“总是”；be there表示“在身边”；to support each other表示“互相支持”。故填I think it is important that good friends should always be there to support each other.“我认为，好朋友应当随时在身边互相支持，这是很重要的。” 32．her, showed, letter, deeply, she, cared about, what, (.) (连词成句) ________________________________________ 【答案】Her letter showed what she deeply cared about. 【详解】根据所给单词可知，本句为主从复合句。“Her letter”意为“她的信”，作主句主语，位于句首，首字母大写；“showed”意为“表明”，作主句谓语动词；“what she deeply cared about”为宾语从句，意为“她深深关心的事情”，其中“what”作从句的宾语，“she”作从句主语，“deeply cared about”作从句谓语。故填Her letter showed what she deeply cared about. “她的信表明了她深深关心的事情”。 33．They have known each other since primary school. (改为否定句) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】They haven’t known each other since primary school./They have not known each other since primary school. 【详解】句意：他们从小学起就互相认识了。原句中“have known”是关键词，表明时态为现在完成时，其结构是“have/has + 过去分词”。改为否定句时，需要在助动词“have”后直接加“not”，可缩写为“haven’t”，后面保持过去分词“known”不变。故填They haven’t known each other since primary school./They have not known each other since primary school. 34．True friendship requires trust and understanding. (改为一般疑问句) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】Does true friendship require trust and understanding? 【详解】句意：真正的友谊需要信任和理解。原句中“requires”是关键词，表明时态为一般现在时，且谓语为实义动词，改为一般疑问句时，需要在句首添加助动词Does，后接动词原形require。故填Does true friendship require trust and understanding? 35．His encouragement means a lot to me. (保持句意基本不变) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】His encouragement is very important to me. 【详解】句意：他的鼓励对我来说意义重大。原句中“means a lot”表示“意义重大”，在保持句意基本不变的情况下，可以用“is very important”来替换，因为“be important to sb.”也表示“对某人来说很重要/意义重大”。故填His encouragement is very important to me. 36．We had a great time at the party. (改为反意疑问句) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】We had a great time at the party, didn’t we? 【详解】句意：我们在聚会上玩得很开心。原句中“had”表明时态为一般过去时，且谓语为实义动词。反意疑问句的结构通常是“陈述句 + 简短问句”，当陈述句为肯定句时，简短问句用否定形式，且需借助助动词did，后接主语we的相应代词形式。故填We had a great time at the party, didn’t we? 37．You knew when your friend needed help the most. (改为反义疑问句) You knew when your friend needed help the most, ________? 【答案】didn’t you 【详解】句意：你知道你的朋友最需要帮助的时候。陈述部分为肯定句，谓语动词knew是实义动词的过去式，主语是You，因此反意疑问部分用否定形式didn’t you。故填didn’t you。 38．Could you tell me? Where can I change coins into paper money? (保持句意基本不变) Could you tell me ________ change coins into paper money? 【答案】where I can 【详解】句意：你能告诉我吗？我在哪里可以把硬币换成纸币？原句由两个句子构成，可合并为一个含有宾语从句的复合句。宾语从句需用陈述语序，疑问词where需放在从句句首，后接主语I和谓语can change。故填where I can。 39．我们应该对身边的朋友心存感激。 We should ________ ________ ________ the friends around us. 【答案】 be thankful to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“对……心存感激”的表达。“对……心存感激”用固定短语“be thankful to”，情态动词should后接动词原形，故填be；thankful；to。 40．不要为了小事和你的朋友争吵。 Don’t ________ ________ your friends over small things. 【答案】 argue with 【详解】根据句意及空格处可知，缺少“和……争吵”的表达，argue with“和……争吵”，动词短语，结合“Don’t”，此处是祈使句，以动词原形开头，故填argue；with。 四、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sunshine in My Life I used to be a very shy student. During break time, I would sit alone in the corner and 41 (hard) speak to anyone. I felt like an invisible person. However, everything changed when Amy transferred to our class. Amy is the most 42 (cheer) girl I have ever met. She has a big smile that seems to have a 43 (magic) power to make everyone happy. On her first day, she walked straight up to me while I was 44 (stare) at my textbook. “Hi! I’m Amy,” she said loudly. We soon became best friends. Amy is very 45 (act). She joined the school cheerleader team and practices every day. She often 46 (invitation) me to hang out with her after school. Sometimes we go to the library to read 47 (novel), and sometimes we just walk in the park. Unlike me, Amy is never afraid to show her feelings. She loves telling funny 48 (joke). Whenever I feel sad, she knows exactly how to comfort me. She is a truly 49 (care) friend. With her help, I have become more confident. I learned that I shouldn’t keep everything to myself. Friendship is about sharing both happiness and 50 (sad). 【答案】 41．hardly 42．cheerful 43．magical 44．staring 45．active 46．invites 47．novels 48．jokes 49．caring 50．sadness 【导语】本文讲述作者在朋友艾米的帮助下从害羞内向变得自信开朗的故事，展现了友谊的力量。 41．句意：课间休息时，我会独自坐在角落里，几乎不和任何人说话。空格处修饰动词“speak”，需用副词作状语，表示“几乎不”，hard的副词形式hardly意为“几乎不”。 42．句意：艾米是我见过的最开朗的女孩。空格前有“the most”，需用形容词构成最高级，修饰名词“girl”，cheer的形容词形式cheerful意为“开朗的”。 43．句意：她有着大大的笑容，似乎有一种神奇的力量能让每个人都开心。空格后是名词“power”，需用形容词作定语修饰，表示“神奇的”，magic的形容词形式是magical。 44．句意：第一天，当我正盯着课本看时，她径直走到我面前。空格前有“was”，需用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，stare的现在分词形式是staring。 45．句意：艾米非常活跃。空格前有“is very”，需用形容词作表语，描述人的性格特点，act的形容词形式active意为“活跃的”。 46．句意：她经常邀请我放学后和她一起出去玩。句子描述经常发生的动作，需用一般现在时；主语“She”是第三人称单数，invitation的动词形式是invite，第三人称单数形式为invites。 47．句意：有时我们去图书馆看小说。名词“novel”意为“小说”，此处表示泛指阅读小说，需用复数形式novels。 48．句意：她喜欢讲有趣的笑话。形容词“funny”后需接名词作宾语，joke为可数名词，此处表示泛指讲笑话，需用复数形式jokes。 49．句意：她是一个真正关心他人的朋友。副词“truly”后需接形容词作定语修饰名词“friend”，描述人的品质，care的形容词形式caring意为“关心他人的”。 50．句意：友谊是关于分享快乐和悲伤的。并列连词“and”连接“happiness”和空格处，需用名词形式保持平行结构，sad的名词形式是sadness。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 6 Friendship 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 1．The instructions for the team project were unclear and left us all feeling ________. (confuse) 2．We need to bring forks and ________ for the picnic that our friendship group organised. (knife) 3．True friendship is valuable, ________ when you are going through difficult times in life. (especial) 4．My friend held my hand ________ when I felt nervous. (firm) 5．I felt a bit ________ about whether our new classmate really wanted to join our group.  (doubt) 6．Sarah has a very ________ personality and always makes everyone around her feel happy. (cheer) 7．At the school party, my best friend performed like a talented ________ to make us all laugh.  (magic) 8．The old tree in our neighbourhood is now ________ because of the severe drought. (die) 9．She ________ the friendship poster we made together right above her bed. (hang) 10．It’s kind of you ________ (give) me a hand when I was in trouble. 11．He is a ________ (rely) friend who always keeps his promises. 12．She ________ (forgive) her brother for breaking her cup yesterday. 13．My friend encouraged me ________ (take) part in the speech competition. 14．Many precious ________ (memory) are left after being with friends for years. 15．The more we communicate, the ________ (good) we understand each other. 16．After ________ (argue) for an hour, they finally reached an agreement. 17．Look! They ________ (talk) about their friendship happily in the classroom. 18．We need to find a good ________ (solve) to the disagreement. 19．She is a ________ (self) girl who always thinks of others first. 20．It takes ________ (brave) to admit your own mistakes to friends. 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 21．She is ________ (有耐心的) enough to wait for me every day. 22．We should ________ (交流) with each other more often. 23．We need to ________ (理解) each other’s differences. 24．The ________ (快乐) from friendship lasts a lifetime. 25．Don’t ________ (忽视) your friends’ feelings. 26．The ________ (善良) of strangers can sometimes warm our hearts. 27．Be ________ (友好的) to everyone, and you’ll make more friends. 28．My friend’s ________ (支持) gave me confidence. 29．His ________ (耐心) made him popular among his friends. 30．I have full ________ (信任) in my classmate’s ability. 三、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分) 31．think, I, that, good friends, always, should, be there, to, support, important, it is, each other (.) (连词成句) _______________________________________________________________ 32．her, showed, letter, deeply, she, cared about, what, (.) (连词成句) ________________________________________ 33．They have known each other since primary school. (改为否定句) _______________________________________________________________ 34．True friendship requires trust and understanding. (改为一般疑问句) _______________________________________________________________ 35．His encouragement means a lot to me. (保持句意基本不变) _______________________________________________________________ 36．We had a great time at the party. (改为反意疑问句) _______________________________________________________________ 37．You knew when your friend needed help the most. (改为反义疑问句) You knew when your friend needed help the most, ________? 38．Could you tell me? Where can I change coins into paper money? (保持句意基本不变) Could you tell me ________ change coins into paper money? 39．我们应该对身边的朋友心存感激。 We should ________ ________ ________ the friends around us. 40．不要为了小事和你的朋友争吵。 Don’t ________ ________ your friends over small things. 四、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sunshine in My Life I used to be a very shy student. During break time, I would sit alone in the corner and 41 (hard) speak to anyone. I felt like an invisible person. However, everything changed when Amy transferred to our class. Amy is the most 42 (cheer) girl I have ever met. She has a big smile that seems to have a 43 (magic) power to make everyone happy. On her first day, she walked straight up to me while I was 44 (stare) at my textbook. “Hi! I’m Amy,” she said loudly. We soon became best friends. Amy is very 45 (act). She joined the school cheerleader team and practices every day. She often 46 (invitation) me to hang out with her after school. Sometimes we go to the library to read 47 (novel), and sometimes we just walk in the park. Unlike me, Amy is never afraid to show her feelings. She loves telling funny 48 (joke). Whenever I feel sad, she knows exactly how to comfort me. She is a truly 49 (care) friend. With her help, I have become more confident. I learned that I shouldn’t keep everything to myself. Friendship is about sharing both happiness and 50 (sad). 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $