Unit7 Charities 知识清单 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦8B Unit7“Charities”主题，系统梳理核心词汇及拓展应用。从基础词汇（如found、medical、patient）到短语搭配（如carry on with、hand out），涵盖词形变化、固定句型及语境例句，构建从词汇理解到语境运用的学习支架。 知识链路以“慈善”主题为线索，逻辑清晰。通过词形变化训练（如found→founder→foundation）、动词填空及翻译练习，提升语言能力；结合对比（如cure与treat用法）和关联（如benefit from与be of benefit to）培养思维品质，结构化梳理助力学生掌握科学学习方法，高效提升英语综合应用能力。

8B Unit7 Charities 1. found vt. 创建；建立 （P93）It was founded in 1982. ☑ 词形变化 v. found --- pt./pp. --- n. (创立者，创始人)--- n. (地基，基金会) ✎ found sth. on/upon 基于...，建立在...上 他们的关系建立在信任和尊重之上。 Their relationship trust and respect. 2. medical adj. 医疗的 （P93）There are about 6000 medical volunteers in this organization. ✎ 幸运的是，受伤的司机得到了及时的医疗治疗。 Fortunately, the injured driver . 3. *organization (= organisation) n. 组织，机构 （P93）There are about 6000 medical volunteers in this organization. 4. *lip n. 嘴唇 [C] （P93）Millions of children were born with lip problems. 5. interviewer n. 采访者 （P94）Interviewer 6. *billion n. 十亿 （P94）Over 10 billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 7. *cure vt. 治好(疾病); 治愈 （P94）Over 10 billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. ✎ cure (v.) sb. of ...(治愈某人的病) The doctor cured him of cancer. a cure (n.) for ...(针对...的治愈方法) the search for a cure for cancer 8. *treatment n. 治疗 （P94）However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. 9. aim n. 目的，目标 [C] （P94）Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. ✎ with the aim (n.) of 她去伦敦是为了找工作。 She went to London . ✎ 要达到这些目标需要团队协作。 Teamwork . ☑ 动词填空 Our main aim is sales in Europe.(increase) 10. patient n. 病人 （P94）Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. 11. afford vt. 能做，买得起 （P94）Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. ✎ can/be able to afford + n./pron 买得起，负担得起 (常与情态动词连用，极少单独使用) I can/can’t afford a new phone right now. ✎ can’t afford to do sth. 无法承担做某事 我们犯不起任何错误。 We any mistakes. 12. go to hospital 去医院看病 （P94）Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 13. on board 在飞机上 (或船上、火车上) （P94）Local doctors are invited on board to learn about eye operations. 14. train vt.&vi. 培训，训练 （P95）By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. ☑ 词形变化 v. train --- n. (训练，培训)--- n. (教练员)--- n. (受训者，实习生) ✎ train sb. to do sth. 教练训练运动员在压力下保持冷静。 The coach is under pressure. ✎ train to be 训练成为... 苏正在接受医生培训。 Sue is a doctor. ☑ 动词填空 All members of the team in first aid before. (train) The police dog to search for dangerous things in the airport. (train) 15. benefit vi. 得益于，得力于 vt. 使受益 （P95）By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. ☑ 词形变化 v. benefit --- n. --- adj. ✎ benefit sb. 我们应该把这笔钱花在大家都能得益的事上。 We should spend the money on something that . ✎ benefit from... 到底是谁会从这些变革中直接获益？ Who exactly these changes? ☑ 动词填空 The new policy (benefit) many small businesses in the area during the past few years. Many students (benefit) greatly from the free online classes during the pandemic. 16. eye care n. 眼睛保健 （P95）Last year, more than 38000 eye care training classes were held. 17. operate vi. 动手术 operate on (给...)做手术 （P95）During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. ✎ operate on patients = do/perform an operation on patients 外科医生正在给病人做手术。 The surgeon the patient right now. = The surgeon the patient right now. ✎ have an operation 病人太虚弱了，无法承担这样一台手术。 The patient is operation. ☑ 动词填空 The patient’s condition is very serious. He needs (operate) on immediately. 18. treat vt. 医治；以...方式对待 （P95）Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured. ✎ treat sb for+疾病 treat sb. with+药物 医生正在治疗她的背部损伤。 The doctor a back injury. 病人接受了一种新型药物治疗。 The patient a new type of medicine. ☑ 动词填空 This suggestion should as a serious warning, not just a joke.(treat) 19. carry on with 继续做 （P95）But we need more money to carry on with our work. ✎ carry on doing sth. 继续做某事 尽管感到疲惫，她还是继续工作到了深夜。 Though she felt tired, she . ✎ 关于“继续做某事”的其他表达： continue to do/doing sth. go on to do sth. go on doing sth. 20. interview n. 采访，访谈；面试 （P95）I am sure this interview will help more people understand and support your important work. ✎ interview(v.) sb. about sth. = have an interview with sb. 下周我将采访这位导演，请他谈论他的最新电影。 Next week, I will his latest movie. ✎ 他下周要接受一个经理职位的面试。 He has an interview next week . 21. *grateful adj. 感激的 （P97）For this, I am forever grateful. ✎ be grateful to sb for sth. I’m very grateful to my teacher for her encouragement before the exam. 22. darkness n. 黑暗 （P97）Before the operation, I lived in darkness. 23. blind vt. 使失明 （P98）A young boy was blinded in a car accident in January this year. 24. addition n. 增加；增加物 in addition (to) 除...以外(还) （P98）In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. ☑ 词形变化 n. addition --- v. --- adj. ✎ in addition 此外，另外（单独作状语使用） 除此之外，他还是几所美国大学的访问教授。 , he served as a visiting professor at several American universities. ✎ in addition to (prep.) +n./doing 除了英语，她还会说法语和一点日语。 , she can speak French and a little Japanese. 25. directly adv. 直接 （P98）In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. ☑ 词形变化 adv. directly --- opp. --- adj. --- v. --- n. 26. *leaflet 传单，小册子 （P99）Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers. 27. hand out 分发 （P99）Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers. 28. aim vt.&vi. 力争做到；瞄准 （P100）It was founded in 1919 and aims to help build a better future for all children. ☑ aim to do sth. 旨在做某事，打算做某事  这个项目旨在为学生做好迎接挑战性职业的准备。  The programme for a challenging career. ☑ be aimed at sb. 表示“受众，目标群体” 这本书的受众是青少年。 The book . ☑ be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在... 这项活动旨在鼓励学生养成健康的饮食习惯。 This activity develop healthy eating habits. ☑ 动词填空 I bought a book at children for my younger sister. (aim) 29. benefit n. 优势，益处，成效[C/U] （P100）For example, WWF works hard to protect the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife. ☑ the benefit(s) of.... 阅读英文报纸的好处之一就是你可以学到许多有用的表达。 is that you can pick up many useful expressions. ☑ be of benefit to ... (= be beneficial to) 对...有好处 这项活动对每一位参与的学生都很有益。 The activity every student who took part in it. 30. champion n. 捍卫者，声援者，拥护者；冠军 [C] （P101）Now UNICEF is a powerful champion of children’s rights around the world. ✎ a champion of sth She was a champion of the poor all her life. ☑ 词汇运用 She is a swimmer who has won many gold medals.(冠军) The famous actor has long the rights of homeless children.(champion) 31. right n. 权利 （P101）Now UNICEF is a powerful champion of children’s rights around the world. ✎ have the right to do sth. 你无权阻止我进去。 You have going in there. ☑ 动词填空 What gives you the right that? (do) 32. healthcare n. 医疗(服务) （P101）It provides clean water and food, education and healthcare to children. 33. *besides adv. 而且，此外 （P101）Besides, it works closely with governments to develop programmes to help and protect children. ☑ 动词填空 Besides as a doctor, he also writes novels in his spare time. (work) 34. progress n. 进步，进展 [U] （P101）Through its great efforts, UNICEF is making great progress to create a better world for children. ✎ make progress in ...  医学界继续在抗癌斗争中取得进步。  The medical community cancer. ☑ 熟词生义 Please be quiet—examination in progress. 35. spread n. 传播，散步，扩展，蔓延 （P101）During the fast spread of a virus, UNICEF works with the WHO to protect children. ☑ 词形变化 n. spread --- v. --- pt./pp. ✎ 社交媒体在信息传播中扮演着重要角色。 Social media information. ☑ 动词填空 The bad news through the village like wildfire last night. (spread) The virus to several cities since the outbreak began.(spread) 36. virus n. 病毒 （P101）During the fast spread of a virus, UNICEF works with the WHO to protect children. ✎ catch a virus 染上病毒 我们班很多同学从上周一就开始感染同一种病毒了。 Many students in our class since last Monday. ☑动词填空 The patient a serious virus and needs to stay in hospital for a few days. (catch) 37. war n. 战争；斗争 （P102）...because of wars or natural disasters. ✎ 当我们谈论战争与和平时，我们实际上是在谈论孩子们的未来。 When we are , we are really talking about the future of our children. ☑ 动词填空 Where were you living when war out ? (break) Because of the outbreak of war, my great-grandfather couldn’t afford his education.(finish) 38. miss out (on) 错失(机会) （P102）Children in poor areas may also miss out on jobs when they grow up. 39. *influential adj. 有影响力的 （P103）It’s one of the oldest and most influential charities in China. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 8B Unit7 Charities 1. found vt. 创建；建立 （P93）It was founded in 1982. ☑ 词形变化 v. found --- pt./pp. --- n. (创立者，创始人)--- n. (地基，基金会) founded; founder; foundation ✎ found sth. on/upon 基于...，建立在...上 他们的关系建立在信任和尊重之上。 Their relationship trust and respect. Their relationship is founded on trust and respect. 2. medical adj. 医疗的 （P93）There are about 6000 medical volunteers in this organization. ✎ 幸运的是，受伤的司机得到了及时的医疗治疗。 Fortunately, the injured driver . Fortunately, the injured driver received medical treatment in time. 3. *organization (= organisation) n. 组织，机构 （P93）There are about 6000 medical volunteers in this organization. 4. *lip n. 嘴唇 [C] （P93）Millions of children were born with lip problems. 5. interviewer n. 采访者 （P94）Interviewer 6. *billion n. 十亿 （P94）Over 10 billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 7. *cure vt. 治好(疾病); 治愈 （P94）Over 10 billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. ✎ cure (v.) sb. of ...(治愈某人的病) The doctor cured him of cancer. a cure (n.) for ...(针对...的治愈方法) the search for a cure for cancer 8. *treatment n. 治疗 （P94）However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. 9. aim n. 目的，目标 [C] （P94）Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. ✎ with the aim (n.) of 她去伦敦是为了找工作。 She went to London . She went to London with the aim of finding a job. ✎ 要达到这些目标需要团队协作。 Teamwork . Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims . ☑ 动词填空 Our main aim is sales in Europe.(increase) to increase 10. patient n. 病人 （P94）Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. 11. afford vt. 能做，买得起 （P94）Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. ✎ can/be able to afford + n./pron 买得起，负担得起 (常与情态动词连用，极少单独使用) I can/can’t afford a new phone right now. ✎ can’t afford to do sth. 无法承担做某事 我们犯不起任何错误。 We any mistakes. We can’t afford to make any mistakes. 12. go to hospital 去医院看病 （P94）Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 13. on board 在飞机上 (或船上、火车上) （P94）Local doctors are invited on board to learn about eye operations. 14. train vt.&vi. 培训，训练 （P95）By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. ☑ 词形变化 v. train --- n. (训练，培训)--- n. (教练员)--- n. (受训者，实习生) training; trainer; trainee ✎ train sb. to do sth. 教练训练运动员在压力下保持冷静。 The coach is under pressure. The coach is training the players to stay calm under pressure. ✎ train to be 训练成为... 苏正在接受医生培训。 Sue is a doctor. Sue is training to be a doctor. ☑ 动词填空 All members of the team in first aid before. (train) The police dog to search for dangerous things in the airport. (train) have trained; is trained 15. benefit vi. 得益于，得力于 vt. 使受益 （P95）By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. ☑ 词形变化 v. benefit --- n. --- adj. benefit; beneficial ✎ benefit sb. 我们应该把这笔钱花在大家都能得益的事上。 We should spend the money on something that . We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone. ✎ benefit from... 到底是谁会从这些变革中直接获益？ Who exactly these changes? Who exactly benefits from these changes? ☑ 动词填空 The new policy (benefit) many small businesses in the area during the past few years. Many students (benefit) greatly from the free online classes during the pandemic. has benefited (or -tted); benefited (or -tted) 16. eye care n. 眼睛保健 （P95）Last year, more than 38000 eye care training classes were held. 17. operate vi. 动手术 operate on (给...)做手术 （P95）During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. ✎ operate on patients = do/perform an operation on patients 外科医生正在给病人做手术。 The surgeon the patient right now. = The surgeon the patient right now. The surgeon is doing an operation on the patient right now. = The surgeon is operating on the patient right now. ✎ have an operation 病人太虚弱了，无法承担这样一台手术。 The patient is operation. The patient is too weak to have such an operation. ☑ 动词填空 The patient’s condition is very serious. He needs (operate) on immediately. operating 18. treat vt. 医治；以...方式对待 （P95）Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured. ✎ treat sb for+疾病 treat sb. with+药物 医生正在治疗她的背部损伤。 The doctor a back injury. The doctor is treating her for a back injury. 病人接受了一种新型药物治疗。 The patient a new type of medicine. The patient was treated with a new type of medicine. ☑ 动词填空 This suggestion should as a serious warning, not just a joke.(treat) 19. carry on with 继续做 （P95）But we need more money to carry on with our work. ✎ carry on doing sth. 继续做某事 尽管感到疲惫，她还是继续工作到了深夜。 Though she felt tired, she carried on working until midnight. Though she felt tired, she . ✎ 关于“继续做某事”的其他表达： continue to do/doing sth. go on to do sth. go on doing sth. 20. interview n. 采访，访谈；面试 （P95）I am sure this interview will help more people understand and support your important work. ✎ interview(v.) sb. about sth. = have an interview with sb. 下周我将采访这位导演，请他谈论他的最新电影。 Next week, I will his latest movie. Next week, I will interview the director about his latest movie. ✎ 他下周要接受一个经理职位的面试。 He has an interview next week . He has an interview next week for the manager's job. 21. *grateful adj. 感激的 （P97）For this, I am forever grateful. ✎ be grateful to sb for sth. I’m very grateful to my teacher for her encouragement before the exam. 22. darkness n. 黑暗 （P97）Before the operation, I lived in darkness. 23. blind vt. 使失明 （P98）A young boy was blinded in a car accident in January this year. 24. addition n. 增加；增加物 in addition (to) 除...以外(还) （P98）In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. ☑ 词形变化 n. addition --- v. --- adj. add; additional ✎ in addition 此外，另外（单独作状语使用） 除此之外，他还是几所美国大学的访问教授。 , he served as a visiting professor at several American universities. In addition ✎ in addition to (prep.) +n./doing 除了英语，她还会说法语和一点日语。 , she can speak French and a little Japanese. In addition to English 25. directly adv. 直接 （P98）In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. ☑ 词形变化 adv. directly --- opp. --- adj. --- v. --- n. indirectly; direct; direct; director 26. *leaflet 传单，小册子 （P99）Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers. 27. hand out 分发 （P99）Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers. 28. aim vt.&vi. 力争做到；瞄准 （P100）It was founded in 1919 and aims to help build a better future for all children. ☑ aim to do sth. 旨在做某事，打算做某事  这个项目旨在为学生做好迎接挑战性职业的准备。  The programme for a challenging career.  The programme aims to prepare students for a challenging career. ☑ be aimed at sb. 表示“受众，目标群体” 这本书的受众是青少年。 The book . The book is aimed at teenagers. ☑ be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在... 这项活动旨在鼓励学生养成健康的饮食习惯。 This activity develop healthy eating habits. This activity is aimed at encouraging students to develop healthy eating habits. ☑ 动词填空 I bought a book at children for my younger sister. (aim) aimed 29. benefit n. 优势，益处，成效[C/U] （P100）For example, WWF works hard to protect the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife. ☑ the benefit(s) of.... 阅读英文报纸的好处之一就是你可以学到许多有用的表达。 is that you can pick up many useful expressions. One of the benefits of reading English newspapers is that you can pick up many useful expressions. ☑ be of benefit to ... (= be beneficial to) 对...有好处 这项活动对每一位参与的学生都很有益。 The activity every student who took part in it. The activity was of benefit to every student who took part in it. 30. champion n. 捍卫者，声援者，拥护者；冠军 [C] （P101）Now UNICEF is a powerful champion of children’s rights around the world. ✎ a champion of sth She was a champion of the poor all her life. ☑ 词汇运用 She is a swimmer who has won many gold medals.(冠军) The famous actor has long the rights of homeless children.(champion) champion; championed 31. right n. 权利 （P101）Now UNICEF is a powerful champion of children’s rights around the world. ✎ have the right to do sth. 你无权阻止我进去。 You have going in there. You have no right to stop me from going in there. ☑ 动词填空 What gives you the right that? (do) to do 32. healthcare n. 医疗(服务) （P101）It provides clean water and food, education and healthcare to children. 33. *besides adv. 而且，此外 （P101）Besides, it works closely with governments to develop programmes to help and protect children. ☑ 动词填空 Besides as a doctor, he also writes novels in his spare time. (work) working 34. progress n. 进步，进展 [U] （P101）Through its great efforts, UNICEF is making great progress to create a better world for children. ✎ make progress in ...  医学界继续在抗癌斗争中取得进步。  The medical community cancer.  The medical community continues to make progress in the fight against cancer. ☑ 熟词生义 Please be quiet—examination in progress.考试正在进行，请安静。（在进行中） 35. spread n. 传播，散步，扩展，蔓延 （P101）During the fast spread of a virus, UNICEF works with the WHO to protect children. ☑ 词形变化 n. spread --- v. --- pt./pp. spread; spread ✎ 社交媒体在信息传播中扮演着重要角色。 Social media information. Social media plays a big role in the spread of information. ☑ 动词填空 The bad news through the village like wildfire last night. (spread) The virus to several cities since the outbreak began.(spread) spread; has spread 36. virus n. 病毒 （P101）During the fast spread of a virus, UNICEF works with the WHO to protect children. ✎ catch a virus 染上病毒 我们班很多同学从上周一就开始感染同一种病毒了。 Many students in our class since last Monday. Many students in our class have had the same virus since last Monday. ☑动词填空 The patient a serious virus and needs to stay in hospital for a few days. (catch) has caught 37. war n. 战争；斗争 （P102）...because of wars or natural disasters. ✎ 当我们谈论战争与和平时，我们实际上是在谈论孩子们的未来。 When we are , we are really talking about the future of our children. When we are talking about war and peace, we are really talking about the future of our children. ☑ 动词填空 Where were you living when war out ? (break) Because of the outbreak of war, my great-grandfather couldn’t afford his education.(finish) broke; to finish 38. miss out (on) 错失(机会) （P102）Children in poor areas may also miss out on jobs when they grow up. 39. *influential adj. 有影响力的 （P103）It’s one of the oldest and most influential charities in China. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $