Unit 8 Welcome to the unit&Reading&Grammar（导学案）英语新教材译林版八年级下册

Unit 8 A green world Welcome to the unit & Reading & Grammar 1.掌握Unit 8 Welcome to the unit&Reading部分的重点单词、短语和句型； 2.掌握一般将来时的被动语态用法。 一、词汇运用。 1.The laboratory uses advanced ___________ (化学的) processes to purify water. 2.In a panel discussion, EY's Jim Doucette said younger consumers in the US and China increasingly prefer ___________ (环保的) products. 3.They had enough ___________ (燃料) to see the winter out. 4.The old house had u___________ walls that are covered in dust. 5.Yesterday a drone filmed villagers loading corn onto a t___________ in Linyi City, Shandong Province. 6.The accident ___________ (happen) on a cold winter night last year. 7.Students can have more free time for their hobbies by ___________ (plan) their time better. 8.Nothing ___________ (offer) to them at first, so they didn't know how to start. 9.It is meaningful for everyone ___________ (give) help to the people in need. 10.The government ___________ (take) action to protect the rivers. Now they are cleaner. 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.地理课上，亚历克斯先生讲解了如何减少空调使用如何缓解城市热岛效应。 Mr Alex explained how __________________ can mitigate urban heat island effect in the Geography class. 2.马路上太多的汽车导致越来越严重的空气污染。 Too many cars on the road __________________________. 3.选择环保的清洁产品后，该公司将碳足迹减少了 30%。 After choosing ______________________, the company cut its carbon footprint by 30%. 4.我们可以采取什么措施来减少噪声污染呢？ What action can we __________________________________? 5.在高峰时段与邻居拼车是个好主意。 It's a great idea ______________________________________ during peak hours. 第一部分 Welcome to the unit 【知识梳理1】Chemicals poured into rivers and lakes被倒入河流和湖泊的化学制品 pour ①〔及物动词〕倾倒，倒出 __________________把…… 倒入…… __________________把…… 倒出 ____________________________________我给你倒了一杯茶。 ______________________________________________________停止把废水倒进附近的河流或湖泊。 ____________________________________ 请把牛奶倒出来。 ②〔不及物动词〕倾泻 ____________________________________光洒进庭院。 ③〔动词〕(雨) 倾盆而下；下大雨 ____________________________________外面下着瓢泼大雨。 【即时练习】 1．Oh, my god! The kids are making great noise in the room and outside it _________ (pour). 2．The rain started ________ (pour) down right after I got inside. 3．At last, he ________ (pour) some milk into the bottle and mixed it with some fruits. 第二部分 Reading 【知识梳理2】In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled.在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料和纸张等物品会被分类，然后再回收。 (1) separate ①〔动词〕(使) 分开 ___________________把…… 分成 ___________________分离，隔开 ___________________把…… 和…… 分开 _________________________________________________________ 警察想把他们分成更小的组。 ______________________________________与朋友分离使我感到难过。 _________________________________________________________ 我们最好把好苹果和坏苹果分开。 ②〔及物动词〕区分 _________________________________________________________很难将传说和事实区别开来。 ③〔形容词〕单独的；分开的 _________________________________________________________我们没有单独的餐厅。 (2) recycle 〔及物动词〕回收利用；它是由前缀 re- 加动词 cycle 构成的。 _________________________________________________________我们应该回收利用书和纸张来拯救树木。 拓展 recycling〔名词〕回收利用 _________________________________________________________回收利用对帮助保护我们的环境很重要。 【即时练习】 1．Nanjing has started a new campaign (活动) to encourage people ________ waste into different bins. A．separate B．to separate C．separating D．separated 2．Plastic bottles and waste paper________ carefully by workers every day to make the environment better. A．separate B．were separated C．have separated D．are separated 3．When using the washing machine, you’d better ________ (分开) white clothes from the colored ones. 4．You can’t imagine what trouble I had ________ (分开) the rubbish into different groups at the beginning. 5．The couple were ________ (separate) from each other because of the war. 6．It’s hoped that useful materials such as paper, plastic, glass, metals... ________ (separate) from rubbish bins for recycling and reuse, turning waste into treasure. 7．The waste paper from our classroom is always ________ (回收利用) to make new notebooks. 8．Many families in our neighbourhood have ________ (回收) old books and clothes for charity. 9．Rainwater can be ________ (回收利用) in many ways in our life. 【知识梳理3】In fact, Switzerland has one of the highest levels of waste recycling in the world—it successfully recycles more than 50% of its total waste. 事实上，瑞士是世界上废弃物回收水平最高的国家之一，它有成效地回收了其总废弃物的 50%。 (1) successfully 〔副词〕有成效地；成功地 ____________________________________________________________经过几个月的努力工作，她成功地完成了这个项目。 拓展： successful 〔形容词〕有成效的；成功的 ____________________________________________________________他提升英语的努力很有成效。 ____________________________________________________________他是一位成功的作家。 (2) total ①〔形容词〕总的，全部的 ________________________________________的总数 ____________________________________________________________上个月共收到 20 封信。 ②〔名词〕总数；合计 ____________________总共，合计 (= in all) ________________________________________________________迄今为止我们总共学了 2000 个英语单词。 【即时练习】 1．Though the cave exploration task was ________, the team completed it ________ by working together. A．hardly; successful B．hard; successfully C．hard; successful D．hardly; successfully 2．He works hard and is often_______. I hope he will have more_______ at his business. A．successful; success B．success; successful C．successfully; successful D．successful; successful 3．Working hard leads to ________. If you want to be ________, you must study hard. I hope you will achieve your dream ________. A．success; successful; successfully B．successful; success; successfully C．successfully; success; successful D．success; successfully; successful 4．—The new T-shirt and the trousers look beautiful on you. How much did they cost? —50 dollars ______. A．in fact B．in total C．at first D．at least 5．He shouldn’t be allowed to drive. ________, he is a fifteen-year-old boy. A．To start with B．As a result C．After all D．In total 6．She studied hard and achieved great ________ (成功). 7．He finished the test ________ (成功地). 8．He often ________ (成功) in working out the math question. 9．She worked hard and finally became a ________ (成功的) businesswoman. 【知识梳理4】Our government has strict laws to protect forests and control pollution.我们的政府有严格的法律来保护森林和控制污染。 (1) strict 〔形容词〕严格的；严厉的 在句中作表语或定语。 ____________________________________严格的规则 / 规章制度 __________________对某人要求严格 __________________对某事要求严格 ____________________________________我父母对我要求严格。 ______________________________________________________我们的数学老师总是对他的工作要求严格。 (2) control ①〔及物动词〕(controlled, controlling) 控制；管理；支配 ____________________________________他无法控制这场火。 ②〔名词〕控制；约束；管理 __________________ 控制，管理 __________________失去控制 ____________________________________这辆小汽车已经失控了。 【即时练习】 1．My teacher together with my parents ________ me and they ________ their work. A．are strict with; are strict in B．is strict in; are strict with C．is strict with; are strict in D．are strict with; are strict with 2．—Why do students still respect Mr. Lee even though he’s not very kind? —Because though he ________ students, he always helps them improve. A．is strict with B．is popular with C．is friendly with D．is angry with 3．—Are your parents strict ________ you,Sam? —Yes. For example, they are serious ________ my grades. A．in; with B．in; about C．with; about D．with; of 4．I find it difficult ________ (control) my temper when I’m too tired. 5．With new rules, the amount of waste in our city ________ (control) effectively soon. 6．This term, Miss Christine seems to be far ________ (严格的) with us than before. 7．Being too _________ (严格的)‌ about rules at home might make children afraid to share their problems. 8．________ (控制) your emotions is necessary in daily life. 【知识梳理5】When people break these rules, they will be punished.当人们违反这些规则时，他们将受到惩罚。 (1) break (broke, broken) ①〔及物动词〕违犯，违背 ____________________违反规则 ________________________________________ 他违章超速驾驶。 ②〔动词〕(使) 破，裂，碎 ________________________________________今天早上那个男孩打破了窗户。 ________________________________________他摔断了左腿。 ________________________________________玻璃碎了。 (2) punish 〔动词〕惩罚 ________________________________________因 (做) 某事而惩罚某人 ________________________________________教练因球队违反了规则而惩罚了他们。 拓展 punishment〔名词〕惩罚，处罚 ____________________________________________________________由于迟到，她被罚打扫教室。 【即时练习】 1．The clever man managed ______ (break) the rope and ran away from the small house. 2．I think it’s necessary to punish the person who ________ (break) the rules. 3．Here is an introduction to our school rules. Please be careful not ________ (break) them. 4．If I can’t recite this poem, my teacher will ________ (惩罚) me by reading it 20 times. 5．He was ________ (惩罚) for being late for school three times in a week. 6．I think the ________ (惩罚) for cheating on the examination is quite fair. 【知识梳理6】We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely.我们依靠其丰富的资源生存，因此明智地保护它对我们来说很重要。 wisely 〔副词〕明智地常用来修饰动词。 其形容词形式是 _______________（明智的）。 ______________________________生命是一种馈赠，所以要明智地使用它。 拓展：_______________名词 智慧 【即时练习】 1．Be wise ________ money and you should make plans ________ using money. A．with, to B．with, for C．to, with D．to, for 2．It is not wise ________ teenagers to be crazy about Korean stars. It is more important ________ them to learn more about Chinese culture. A．for; for B．of; for C．of; of D．for; of 3．Reading labels can help you make ________ (明智的) choices. 4．While AI offers the tools for efficient learning, we still need human teamwork to use and understand knowledge ________ (明智地). 5．We should behave ________ (wise) online to avoid risks. 6．His ________ (wise) words helped me understand myself better. 7．Parents should teach children how to use the Internet ________ (wise) to avoid online risks. 【知识梳理7】These types of energy produce little pollution and will never run out.这类能源产生极少污染且用之不竭。 run out ① 用完，耗尽其主语通常是被用尽的时间、食物、金钱等，后面不能直接跟宾语。 run out of 用完……，耗尽……（其主语为表示人的名词或代词，宾语为被用完的物，相当于 use up） __________________________________________她的钱很快就花完了。 __________________________________________我已经花光了我所有的钱。 ② 跑出去 run out of 从…… 跑出去 __________________________________________昨天晚上一只大型动物从动物园跑了出去。 【即时练习】 1．—Nature is our greatest ________. It is important for us to protect it. —Yes. If humans don’t take action, natural resources will ________ one day. A．resource; give out B．knowledge; put out C．project; carry out D．treasure; run out 2．Some people waste too much water. They don’t believe that it can ________ some day. A．run out B．hand out C．be run out D．be handed out 3．Mum, we’re running out ________ milk. Could you buy some more? A．from B．of C．with D．in 4．The energy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never ________. A．be carried out B．be run out C．carry out D．run out 【知识梳理8】They are going to be used more widely in the future.在未来，它们将被更广泛地应用。 widely 〔副词〕广泛地，普遍地 ________________________________________这种药被广泛使用。 ____________________________________________________________人们普遍认为树木有助于改善环境。 拓展wide〔形容词〕宽阔的；广泛的 ________________________________________一条宽阔的道路 ________________________________________她的兴趣很广泛。 【即时练习】 1．The road is not ________ enough for two cars to pass. We need to make it ________. A．wide; wide B．wider; wider C．wider; wide D．wide; wider 2．English is one of ________ used languages in the world. A．the most widely B．the wider C．more widely D．the most wide 3．The little boy can open his mouth ________ (wide) to eat the big apple. 4．Eco-friendly products are now ________ (wide) used in daily life because more people pay attention to environmental protection. 【知识梳理9】Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!记住，每个人都可以做点（对保护环境）有益的事！ make a difference 有作用，有影响difference 前面可加修饰词，如 big, great 等； 如果表示 “对…… 有影响”，其后可加介词 to。 ________________________________________小的改变也能起作用。 ________________________________________我们的行为会对他人产生很大的影响。 拓展 ________________________________________对…… 没有影响 ________________________________________这对我没什么影响。 【即时练习】 1．________ with watching TV shows, reading short stories before bed ________ in helping you relax, but it is healthier and can improve your vocabulary. A．Comparing; makes a difference B．Compared; makes a difference C．Comparing; makes no difference D．Compared; makes no difference 2．—You get on so well ________ your family, Carl. —I think I can make a difference ________ the relations between my parents. A．in; for B．with; for C．to; with D．with; to 3．Reading makes a ________ (different) to everyone’s life and to the world by broadening minds. 4．The habit you are used to ________ (make) a difference to your life. You need to change it. 【知识梳理10】A recycling event is going to be held at our school.我们学校将举行一次回收活动。 hold 〔动词〕(held, held) ① 举行，召开 __________________________________________中国信守了举办绿色奥运的承诺。 __________________________________________这次会议将在酒店召开。 ② 拥有相当于 have 或 own。 __________________________________________他们对于这件事持有不同的观点。 ③ 举着，拿着，抓住 __________________________________________他站在雨中，举着一把伞。 ④ 容纳 __________________________________________这个大体育场可容纳 2000 多人。 【即时练习】 1．Our class ________ a volunteer activity in the local park to clean up rubbish this Saturday morning. A．will hold B．hold C．are holding D．held 2．—Do you know _________ the school art festival _________? —Next month. The exact date _________ yet. A．when; will hold; hasn’t decided B．when; will be held; hasn’t been decided C．where; is held; isn’t decided D．how; will hold; wasn’t decided 3．The sports centre ________ (hold) 20000 fans during the match last month. 4．Some club activities ________ (hold) outdoors, such as rock climbing and bird watching. 5．More international music festivals ________ (hold) in Wuxi in the next five years. 【知识梳理11】I hope everyone will take an active part in at least one activity and also vote for the activities you want to see in the future.我希望每个人都能积极参与至少一项活动，也为你将来想参加的活动投票。 vote 〔动词〕投票，表决 ___________________投票支持 ___________________投票反对 ___________________就某事进行表决 ______________________________________你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？ ______________________________________现在我们对这个问题进行投票表决。 【即时练习】 1．—Have you decided where to spend your winter holiday? —Not yet. We will vote ________ it this evening. A．for B．against C．by D．on 2．You can send text messages ________ 1396 to vote ________ your favourite TV programme. A．to; to B．on; to C．on; for D．to; for 3．Let’s vote ________ China’s Inspirational Role Models(感动中国人物) ________ the Internet, shall we? A．for; in B．to; on C．on; over D．for; on 4．Fans have ________ (投票) online for their favorite stars. 【知识梳理12】In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers, so many of them are polluted.在许多地方，垃圾被扔进湖泊和河流，因此它们中的许多都被污染了。 pollute 〔及物动词〕污染，弄脏 ________________________________ 某物受到某物的污染 ________________________________________________那条河被工厂的废弃物污染了。 拓展 ① ________________〔不可数名词〕污染，污染物 ________________________________ 空气污染 ________________________________噪声污染 ② ________________〔形容词〕受污染的 ________________________________ 受污染的土地 【即时练习】 1．Don’t put waste into rivers or lakes, or it will cause much water ________. (pollute) 2．Keeping ________ (pollute) water resources will make it difficult for the Earth to regain its health. 3．When people live in a ________ (pollute) area, their health will be in danger. 第三部分 Grammar 【知识梳理】一般将来时的被动语态 ①A recycling event is going to be held at our school. 我们学校将举行一次回收活动。 ②They'll be sent to poor areas. 它们将被送往贫困地区。 一般将来时的被动语态表示在将来的时间某一动作将被执行。在这样的句子中，主语是动作的承受者或动作的对象。 一般将来时的被动语态的构成主要有两种形式： (1) “will be + 动词的过去分词”。改为一般疑问句时，将 will 提至句首；改为否定句时，只要在 will 后加 not 即可。 The new film will be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。 —Will the meeting be held next Monday?下周一开会吗？ —Yes, it will. /No, it won’t.是的，开会。/ 不，不开。 (2) “be going to be + 动词的过去分词”。改为一般疑问句时，将 be 提至句首；改为否定句时，在 be 后加 not 即可。 The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 这个问题将在明天的会议上被讨论。 The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 这个问题不会在明天的会议上被讨论。 【即时练习】 一、单项选择 1．Our sports meeting _________ next Tuesday. A．will hold B．will be held C．have held D．was held 2．The FIFA World Cup in 2026 ________ in three countries: the US, Canada, and Mexico. A．will hold B．will be held C．was held D．is held 3．The old building ________ next month to make room for a new park. A．will pull down B．is pulled down C．pulls down D．will be pulled down 4．—Will the plastic waste ________ in the ocean forever? —No. Scientists are developing new ways to break it down. A．keep B．be kept C．have kept D．kept 5．According to the new rule in Nanjing, people ________ if they drop litter in public places. A．fine B．will fine C．are fined D．will be fined 6．Many eco-friendly activities ________ in our city next month to celebrate World Environment Day. A．will organize B．are organized C．will be organized D．organize 7．The project ________ by the end of next month. A．will complete B．will be completed C．is completing D．has been completed 8．The future of rules ________ by technology and society. A．will be shaped B．is shaping C．shaped D．shapes 9．—Do you know _________ the school art festival _________? —Next month. The exact date _________ yet. A．when; will hold; hasn’t decided B．when; will be held; hasn’t been decided C．where; is held; isn’t decided D．how; will hold; wasn’t decided 10．More after-school activities ________ for students in our school next term to help them relax. A．will organize B．were organized C．organized D．will be organized 11．________ the signal (信号) gets stronger, the multimedia device ________ the Wi-Fi smoothly. A．With; will be connected to B．As; will be connected to C．When; was connected to D．As; is connected to 12．—Susan, is there going to be a meeting I need to attend next Tuesday? I’m not sure. —Just relax, you will ________ the time one day early. A．reminded B．be reminded C．be reminded to D．be reminded of 13．—Do you know if the sports meeting ________ on time? —Hard to say. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off. A．is held; will rain B．will be held; will rain C．is held; rains D．will be held; rains 14．—A new recycling station ________ in our neighbourhood next month. —Wow, that’s good news! It will become much cleaner. A．is built B．isn’t built C．will be built D．won’t be built 15．—Do you know how much money ________ at the show yesterday? — Yes. More than 100 thousand yuan. The money ________ to Hope Primary School next week. A．was raised; will donate B．was raised; will be donated C．raised; will donate D．has raised; will be donated 16．The 2028 Olympic Games ________ in Los Angeles. A．hold B．are held C．will hold D．will be held 17．It is said that more railways ________ to improve the traffic situation in our city. A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built 18．The meeting ________ at the community center this afternoon. Please prepare some hot water and paper cups. A．will hold B．will be held C．is held D．holds 19．—No matter how many difficulties we meet, I believe all the problems ________ in the end. —I hope so. A．solve B．will solve C．are solved D．will be solved 20．—More and more people like to visit Jingji Road in Zhenjiang at night. —Yes. In the coming days, more cultural activities ________ to make it even more popular. A．will hold B．are held C．were held D．will be held 二、单词拼写 21．The new high-speed railway station that we’re looking forward to ________ (complete) in Taizhou in 2027. 22．The photos of our camping trip ________ (put) on our school website next Monday. 23．All these deep and sweet memories ________ (keep) in our hearts forever. 24．Many new training methods ________ (use) in the future to help her improve. 25．The robot shop owner has promised to Mr Jiang that all his things ________ (lay) in the right place as soon as the home robot is fixed and returned to him. 26．It’s said that a new bike lane (自行车道) near our school ________ (build) in three years. 27．We hope that photos from the walk ________ (share) on the school website. 28．As a result, more activities like this ________ (organize) next year in our school. 29．If you park your car in the wrong place, you ________ (fine) 20 yuan. 30．What’s more, a free treatment ________ (provide) for him by the local hospital next week. 【词汇练习】 一、根据中文提示写出正确的单词。 1.Yongwu Road has been open for twelve years. However, the traffic will be closed when the water __________ (水平) reaches the flood warning line, for safety purposes. 2.To make sure of food safety, the Chinese government has decided to make __________ (严格的) laws. 3. We depend on natural __________ (资源) to live, so we should make good use of them. 4.If you break traffic rules, you will be __________ (惩罚) by the police. 5.My secret of success is to work hard and plan my time __________ (明智地). 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.We should do what we can __________ (keep) the river clean. 2.We should make laws to stop some factories from __________ (put) waste into rivers. 3.Although Zhang Guimei met lots of difficulties, she __________ (success) helped so many students to go to college. 4.__________ (recycle) is very important for us to protect our environment. 5.The smart home system will be __________ (control) by voice in the next update. 三、单项选择。 1.The TV series To the Wonder (《我的阿勒泰》) really makes a great ______ to Altay (阿勒泰). And it has become a popular place for travelling. A. difference B. surprise C. chance D. problem 2.—It's said that ChatGPT has both good and bad sides. —Well, it all ______ how you use it. A. leads to B. sounds like C. turns into D. depends on 3.Ne Zha 2 is exciting ______ heart-warming, hitting a big box-office success. A. as good as B. as far as C. as well as D. as long as 4.Energy from the sun produces little pollution and it will never ______. A. put out B. give out C. run out D. take out 5.—We can save water by taking shorter showers. —______, turning off the tap when brushing teeth is also a good way. A. However B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. Anyway 四、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.像玻璃、报纸之类的东西被分类并回收利用。 Things like glass and newspaper ______________________________. 2.我们的学校很干净，我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。 Our school is very clean, and we should ______________________________________. 3.当地政府不允许人们砍伐树木。 People ______________________________________ trees by the local government. 4.学校将组织许多活动来庆祝世界环境日。 Many activities _____________________________________ to celebrate World Environment Day. 【语法部分练习】 一、根据中文提示写出正确的单词。 1.Shared bikes can help us travel around freely in cities without __________ (污染) the air. 2.Burning fuels like oil, coal and __________ (天然气) causes global warming and pollution. 3.The famous brick toy company held the Build and Talk activities offline in China to help parents and children prevent too much screen time from __________ (影响) children's eyes. 4.Some __________ (海鸟) have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying areas. 5.The artwork for the __________ (海报) was done by my sister. 二、动词填空。 1.(2023・淮安市盱眙期末) More trees __________ (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 2.The money given by his parents __________ (run) out already. 3.The little girl kept __________ (ask) us many strange questions. 4.Our country has made laws __________ (protect) biodiversity of the Yangtze River. 5.If salt is __________ (spread) onto the ice, the freezing temperature will be lower than 0℃. 三、单项选择。 1.—A new recycling station ______ in our neighbourhood next month. —Wow, that's good news! It will become much cleaner. A. is built B. isn't built C. will be built D. won't be built 2.Because of the heavy rainstorm, visitors in Qingdao ______ to stay away from the beach yesterday. A. warned B. are warned C. were warned D. have warned 3.All the students ______ into different clubs according to their choices next term. A. are separated B. separate C. will be separated D. will separate 4.—How soon ______ all the work ______?—In a week. A. will; complete B. is; going to complete C. is; going to be completed D. are; completed 5.We finally finished the difficult project not only ______ we tried our best, but also ______ our teamwork. A. because; because B. because; because of C. because of; because D. because of; because of 四、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.海鸟观察沿海风电场并非出于好奇，而是一种生存本能。 Coastal wind farms ______________________________ not out of curiosity, but as a survival instinct. 2.今晚还有谁会被邀请参加这次的聚会呢？ Who ______________________________ to the party tonight? 3.如果空气不净化，将来会有越来越多的人受到伤害。 More and more people __________________ in the future if the air ______________________________. 4.当我们有机会去改善环境的时候，请把握住它。 When we ______________________________, please take it. 5.海洋塑料污染是海洋生物面临的最严重问题之一。 Plastic pollution in the ocean is ______________________________ marine life. 一、根据中文提示或英文释义写出正确的单词。 1.If we drop litter in a public place, we'll be ___________ (罚款) by the police. 2.The current division of labour between workers and ___________ (管理) will soon be changed. 3.It is wasteful to throw away glass and paper, so every class collects them for ___________ (回收利用). 4.China is trying to help people ___________ (to limit sth by efforts) their weight and live healthier lives. 5.The ___________ (complete, entire) number of new energy public buses reached about 544,000 at the end of 2024 in China, a transport official said. 二、单项选择。 1.It is a big event for the Xiangtan University to become the first university in Hunan Province to have a small planet ______ after it as "Xiangdaxing". A. name B. named C. to name D. naming 2.After spending weeks practising pronunciation and grammar, he ______ improved his spoken English. A. quickly B. especially C. willingly D. successfully 3.We should ______ waste into different groups so that it can be collected easily. A. separate B. translate C. turn D. knock 4.—Sir, it seems hard for me to finish the task alone.—Don't worry. A lot of support ______ soon. A. was offered B. is offered C. will be offered D. were offered 5.Choose ______ how you spend your spare time and with whom you spend it. A. wisely B. politely C. closely D. quietly 6.—What is the best way to see the beautiful countryside? —______. When I don't need to rush, I'd like to see it by bike. A. No problem B. Forget it C. Good luck D. It depends 三、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.老师没有惩罚那些调皮的男孩子，而是耐心地对待他们。 The teacher treated the naughty boys patiently ______________________. 2.即使在周末，我父母也不允许我玩太多的电脑游戏。 My parents __________________________ computer games even on weekends. 3.转学对我的一生有着重大影响。 Changing a school __________________________. 4.你们已经找到解决这个问题的新方法了吗？ Have you __________________________ this problem? 5.这些废弃物将被送到工厂进行回收利用。 The waste __________________________________. 能力提升 一、完形填空 Rainwater harvesting (收集) is a smart way to save water. In many cities around the world, this technology is being used to deal with water shortage. Now it’s also popular in some communities in Nanjing. The rainwater harvesting system is not complicated. When it rains, the rainwater falls on the roof and flows into a special 1 . Then it goes through a filter (过滤器) to remove dirt and impurities (杂质). After that, the clean water is stored in a big tank. People can use it to water plants, clean cars or even wash clothes after simple treatment. This system has many advantages. First, it helps 2 water resources. Instead of using tap water for non-drinking purposes, people can use collected rainwater. Second, it reduces the risk of flooding in rainy seasons. The system collects extra rainwater, so less water runs into the streets. Third, it’s good for the environment. Using rainwater means less groundwater is taken out, which 3 the balance of nature. Mr. Li, who lives in a community with this system, said, “We used to worry about water shortage in summer. Now with the rainwater tank, we have enough water for daily use. And the water bill has 4 a lot.” However, setting up the system needs some money at first. But most people think it’s worth it. “It’s a long-term investment (投资) for our planet,” said a community worker. “We hope more communities will 5 this technology in the future.” For most families, using the collected rainwater is 6 . They just need to turn on a special tap to get the water. The water is clean enough for daily non-drinking use, and it doesn’t cost extra money. Some residents even use it to clean the 7 around their houses, making the community more beautiful. This system is not only 8 for saving water but also for building a sense of community. Neighbors often share tips on how to use the rainwater better. The 9 in the community are very satisfied with this system and often recommend it to friends in other areas. By using rainwater harvesting technology, we can not only 10 water resources but also protect our environment. It’s a simple but effective way to go green. 1．A．pipe B．bowl C．basket D．box 2．A．waste B．save C．sell D．buy 3．A．keeps B．breaks C．destroys D．changes 4．A．risen B．fallen C．increased D．doubled 5．A．give up B．look for C．put off D．take up 6．A．easy B．difficult C．interesting D．boring 7．A．sky B．ground C．river D．lake 8．A．bad B．harmful C．helpful D．careful 9．A．teachers B．doctors C．farmers D．residents 10．A．protect B．pollute C．create D．waste 二、阅读理解 A Greener World China hopes to see the turning point of carbon emissions (碳排放) by 2030 and realize carbon neutrality (碳中和) by 2060. Everybody should try their best to achieve this goal. 15-minute China's goal by 2060: Carbon emissions of one year reach the highest point in 2030 and then begin to fall. 11．According to the words and pictures above, the carbon emissions reach the highest point ________. A．in 2021 B．in 2026 C．in 2030 D．in 2060 12．According to the pictures above, which of the following cannot help cut down carbon emissions? A．Saving food. B．Saving water. C．Saving power. D．Using bikes more. 13．Where can we probably find this passage? A．In a letter. B．On a poster C．In a storybook. D．In a diary. Did you take part in any tree-planting activities this past March 12? Or maybe you went to check out the little tree you planted a few years ago? Standing beside it, you might have been amazed at how much it has changed. It’s really great to watch a tree grow year by year. Even the tallest ones of them grow from tiny seeds (种子). Have you ever wondered how? A full-grown tree may drop hundreds or even thousands of seeds a year. Inside each seed is something called an embryo(胚). Think of it as a small group of cells (细胞). These cells are ready to form roots, stems (茎), and first leaves. Once the covering around the seed gets wet, the embryo cells, which have been patiently waiting, suddenly come to life. They start to grow and break out. This is called germination. First, the roots develop and push out and down into the soil. This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil. Then the stem grows up and makes the first leaves. As these leaves produce “food” in the sunlight, the plant gets the energy to grow more new leaves. Let’s imagine you drive a nail (钉子) into a tree at one metre above the ground. What will you see when you come back in ten years? The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees get taller by growing upwards from the top. At the same time, their trunk gets thicker by growing outwards. It is like the tree has two different ways of growing at the same time. The upward growth is like a race towards the sky, reaching for more sunlight, while the outward growth of the trunk is like adding more and more rings of protection and support. As trees get older, they continue to grow taller and thicker. Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres! That’s as tall as a 30-floor building! Isn’t it amazing? 14．Which one of the pictures shows the stage of germination? A． B． C． D． 15．Why does the writer use the example of driving a nail into a tree in Paragraph 4? A．To explain why people put nails in trees. B．To help readers understand how trees grow taller. C．To show that nails don’t stop trees from growing. D．To teach readers a way to record the growth of trees. 16．If a tree trunk gets thicker over time, what will happen to a metal ring (金属环) put around the bottom of the trunk after 10 years? A．The metal ring will go into the soil. B．The metal ring will be higher off the ground. C．The metal ring will move up and down along the trunk. D．The metal ring will stay at the same height but may embed (嵌入) in the tree. 17．From the article, we can find the answer to the question “__________” ①How do trees get water from the soil? ②Why does a nail in a tree trunk stay at the same height over time? ③How many seeds does a full-grown tree drop in its lifetime? ④How tall can the tallest trees in the world grow? ⑤How long does a seed take to grow leaves? A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②④⑤ D．①②④ 18．Which of the following best represents the structure of the passage? A．Tell stories → List facts → Give a warning B．Ask questions → Explain steps → Share a fact C．List problems → Study reasons → Offer advice D．Share experiences → Show examples → Introduce features As our human population grows, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife. But the good news is that each of us can play a role in helping wild animals by making the world a better place for them. 19 . Go outside and stay with wildlife. Take a walk and enjoy the wildlife all around you—the birds, butterflies, elephants and the like. Spend more time cut side enjoying and learning about wildlife. Speak up for wildlife. 20 . Speak up and speak out against wildlife illegal poaching (非法偷猎), overfishing, wild animals killed for fun, and much more. 21 . Then spread them on social media. Encourage friends and others to watch them too, and share your ideas about how to protect and save wildlife. 22 . Collecting rubbish can save the life of an animal. Pick up any plastic (塑料) bag. Plastic of any kind, fishing line, and anything that can be mistaken for food by animals. Or it can trap and even kill them. Never buy products (产品) from endangered animals. When traveling to a foreign county, shopping overseas, or shopping in your local area, never buy gifts or products that support the illegal wildlife trade, or are from animals in danger. 23 A．Pick up rubbish around you B．Contact the local government C．Your choice could make a big difference D．Become a voice for wildlife on social media E．Take a free online class on wildlife protection F．Learn about the lives and problems many animals are facing today G．Let’s become an active protector by putting the following ideas into practice 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 A green world Welcome to the unit & Reading & Grammar 1.掌握Unit 8 Welcome to the unit&Reading部分的重点单词、短语和句型； 2.掌握一般将来时的被动语态用法。 一、词汇运用。 1.The laboratory uses advanced ___________ (化学的) processes to purify water. 2.In a panel discussion, EY's Jim Doucette said younger consumers in the US and China increasingly prefer ___________ (环保的) products. 3.They had enough ___________ (燃料) to see the winter out. 4.The old house had u___________ walls that are covered in dust. 5.Yesterday a drone filmed villagers loading corn onto a t___________ in Linyi City, Shandong Province. 6.The accident ___________ (happen) on a cold winter night last year. 7.Students can have more free time for their hobbies by ___________ (plan) their time better. 8.Nothing ___________ (offer) to them at first, so they didn't know how to start. 9.It is meaningful for everyone ___________ (give) help to the people in need. 10.The government ___________ (take) action to protect the rivers. Now they are cleaner. 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.地理课上，亚历克斯先生讲解了如何减少空调使用如何缓解城市热岛效应。 Mr Alex explained how __________________ can mitigate urban heat island effect in the Geography class. 2.马路上太多的汽车导致越来越严重的空气污染。 Too many cars on the road __________________________. 3.选择环保的清洁产品后，该公司将碳足迹减少了 30%。 After choosing ______________________, the company cut its carbon footprint by 30%. 4.我们可以采取什么措施来减少噪声污染呢？ What action can we __________________________________? 5.在高峰时段与邻居拼车是个好主意。 It's a great idea ______________________________________ during peak hours. 答案： 一、1.chemical 2.eco-friendly 3.fuel(s) 4.unclean 5.truck 6.happened 7.planning 8.was offered 9.to give 10.has taken 二、1.using less air conditioning 2.cause/lead to more and more serious air pollution 3.eco-friendly cleaning products 4.take to reduce noise pollution 5.to share a ride with neighbours 第一部分 Welcome to the unit 【知识梳理1】Chemicals poured into rivers and lakes被倒入河流和湖泊的化学制品 pour ①〔及物动词〕倾倒，倒出 __________________把…… 倒入…… __________________把…… 倒出 ____________________________________我给你倒了一杯茶。 ______________________________________________________停止把废水倒进附近的河流或湖泊。 ____________________________________ 请把牛奶倒出来。 ②〔不及物动词〕倾泻 ____________________________________光洒进庭院。 ③〔动词〕(雨) 倾盆而下；下大雨 ____________________________________外面下着瓢泼大雨。 答案：pour...into... pour...out I've poured a cup of tea for you. Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby. Please pour the milk out. Light was pouring into the courtyard. It's pouring outside. 【即时练习】 1．Oh, my god! The kids are making great noise in the room and outside it _________ (pour). 2．The rain started ________ (pour) down right after I got inside. 3．At last, he ________ (pour) some milk into the bottle and mixed it with some fruits. 答案：1．is pouring 2．pouring 3．poured 第二部分 Reading 【知识梳理2】In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled.在瑞士，像玻璃、塑料和纸张等物品会被分类，然后再回收。 (1) separate ①〔动词〕(使) 分开 ___________________把…… 分成 ___________________分离，隔开 ___________________把…… 和…… 分开 _________________________________________________________ 警察想把他们分成更小的组。 ______________________________________与朋友分离使我感到难过。 _________________________________________________________ 我们最好把好苹果和坏苹果分开。 ②〔及物动词〕区分 _________________________________________________________很难将传说和事实区别开来。 ③〔形容词〕单独的；分开的 _________________________________________________________我们没有单独的餐厅。 (2) recycle 〔及物动词〕回收利用；它是由前缀 re- 加动词 cycle 构成的。 _________________________________________________________我们应该回收利用书和纸张来拯救树木。 拓展 recycling〔名词〕回收利用 _________________________________________________________回收利用对帮助保护我们的环境很重要。 答案：1.separate...into separate from separate...from... The police wanted to separate them into smaller groups. Separating from my friends makes me sad. We'd better separate the good apples from the bad ones. It is difficult to separate legend from truth. We don't have a separate dining room. 2.We should recycle books and paper to save trees. Recycling is important to help protect our environment. 【即时练习】 1．Nanjing has started a new campaign (活动) to encourage people ________ waste into different bins. A．separate B．to separate C．separating D．separated 2．Plastic bottles and waste paper________ carefully by workers every day to make the environment better. A．separate B．were separated C．have separated D．are separated 3．When using the washing machine, you’d better ________ (分开) white clothes from the colored ones. 4．You can’t imagine what trouble I had ________ (分开) the rubbish into different groups at the beginning. 5．The couple were ________ (separate) from each other because of the war. 6．It’s hoped that useful materials such as paper, plastic, glass, metals... ________ (separate) from rubbish bins for recycling and reuse, turning waste into treasure. 7．The waste paper from our classroom is always ________ (回收利用) to make new notebooks. 8．Many families in our neighbourhood have ________ (回收) old books and clothes for charity. 9．Rainwater can be ________ (回收利用) in many ways in our life. 答案：1．B 2．D 3．separate 4．separating 5．separated 6．will be separated 7．recycled 8．recycled 9．recycled 【知识梳理3】In fact, Switzerland has one of the highest levels of waste recycling in the world—it successfully recycles more than 50% of its total waste. 事实上，瑞士是世界上废弃物回收水平最高的国家之一，它有成效地回收了其总废弃物的 50%。 (1) successfully 〔副词〕有成效地；成功地 ____________________________________________________________经过几个月的努力工作，她成功地完成了这个项目。 拓展： successful 〔形容词〕有成效的；成功的 ____________________________________________________________他提升英语的努力很有成效。 ____________________________________________________________他是一位成功的作家。 (2) total ①〔形容词〕总的，全部的 ________________________________________的总数 ____________________________________________________________上个月共收到 20 封信。 ②〔名词〕总数；合计 ____________________总共，合计 (= in all) ________________________________________________________迄今为止我们总共学了 2000 个英语单词。 答案：1.After months of hard work, she successfully completed the project. His efforts to improve his English have been successful. He is a successful writer. 2.the total number of …… The total number of letters received last month was twenty. in total We have learnt 2,000 English words in total so far. 【即时练习】 1．Though the cave exploration task was ________, the team completed it ________ by working together. A．hardly; successful B．hard; successfully C．hard; successful D．hardly; successfully 2．He works hard and is often_______. I hope he will have more_______ at his business. A．successful; success B．success; successful C．successfully; successful D．successful; successful 3．Working hard leads to ________. If you want to be ________, you must study hard. I hope you will achieve your dream ________. A．success; successful; successfully B．successful; success; successfully C．successfully; success; successful D．success; successfully; successful 4．—The new T-shirt and the trousers look beautiful on you. How much did they cost? —50 dollars ______. A．in fact B．in total C．at first D．at least 5．He shouldn’t be allowed to drive. ________, he is a fifteen-year-old boy. A．To start with B．As a result C．After all D．In total 6．She studied hard and achieved great ________ (成功). 7．He finished the test ________ (成功地). 8．He often ________ (成功) in working out the math question. 9．She worked hard and finally became a ________ (成功的) businesswoman. 答案：1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．success 7．successfully 8．succeeds 9．successful 【知识梳理4】Our government has strict laws to protect forests and control pollution.我们的政府有严格的法律来保护森林和控制污染。 (1) strict 〔形容词〕严格的；严厉的 在句中作表语或定语。 ____________________________________严格的规则 / 规章制度 __________________对某人要求严格 __________________对某事要求严格 ____________________________________我父母对我要求严格。 ______________________________________________________我们的数学老师总是对他的工作要求严格。 (2) control ①〔及物动词〕(controlled, controlling) 控制；管理；支配 ____________________________________他无法控制这场火。 ②〔名词〕控制；约束；管理 __________________ 控制，管理 __________________失去控制 ____________________________________这辆小汽车已经失控了。 答案：1.strict rules/regulations be strict with sb be strict about sth My parents are strict with me. Our maths teacher is always strict about his work. 2.He was unable to control the fire. in control out of control The car has been out of control. 【即时练习】 1．My teacher together with my parents ________ me and they ________ their work. A．are strict with; are strict in B．is strict in; are strict with C．is strict with; are strict in D．are strict with; are strict with 2．—Why do students still respect Mr. Lee even though he’s not very kind? —Because though he ________ students, he always helps them improve. A．is strict with B．is popular with C．is friendly with D．is angry with 3．—Are your parents strict ________ you,Sam? —Yes. For example, they are serious ________ my grades. A．in; with B．in; about C．with; about D．with; of 4．I find it difficult ________ (control) my temper when I’m too tired. 5．With new rules, the amount of waste in our city ________ (control) effectively soon. 6．This term, Miss Christine seems to be far ________ (严格的) with us than before. 7．Being too _________ (严格的)‌ about rules at home might make children afraid to share their problems. 8．________ (控制) your emotions is necessary in daily life. 答案：1．C 2．A 3．C 4．to control 5．will be controlled 6．stricter 7．strict 8．Controlling 【知识梳理5】When people break these rules, they will be punished.当人们违反这些规则时，他们将受到惩罚。 (1) break (broke, broken) ①〔及物动词〕违犯，违背 ____________________违反规则 ________________________________________ 他违章超速驾驶。 ②〔动词〕(使) 破，裂，碎 ________________________________________今天早上那个男孩打破了窗户。 ________________________________________他摔断了左腿。 ________________________________________玻璃碎了。 (2) punish 〔动词〕惩罚 ________________________________________因 (做) 某事而惩罚某人 ________________________________________教练因球队违反了规则而惩罚了他们。 拓展 punishment〔名词〕惩罚，处罚 ____________________________________________________________由于迟到，她被罚打扫教室。 答案：1.break the rule He was breaking the speed limit. The boy broke the window this morning. He broke his left leg. The glass broke. 2.punish sb for (doing) sth The coach punished the team for breaking the rule. She had to tidy the classroom as punishment for being late. 【即时练习】 1．The clever man managed ______ (break) the rope and ran away from the small house. 2．I think it’s necessary to punish the person who ________ (break) the rules. 3．Here is an introduction to our school rules. Please be careful not ________ (break) them. 4．If I can’t recite this poem, my teacher will ________ (惩罚) me by reading it 20 times. 5．He was ________ (惩罚) for being late for school three times in a week. 6．I think the ________ (惩罚) for cheating on the examination is quite fair. 答案：1．to break 2．breaks 3．to break 4．punish 5．punished 6．punishment 【知识梳理6】We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely.我们依靠其丰富的资源生存，因此明智地保护它对我们来说很重要。 wisely 〔副词〕明智地常用来修饰动词。 其形容词形式是 _______________（明智的）。 ______________________________生命是一种馈赠，所以要明智地使用它。 拓展：_______________名词 智慧 答案：wise Life is a gift, so use it wisely. wisdom 【即时练习】 1．Be wise ________ money and you should make plans ________ using money. A．with, to B．with, for C．to, with D．to, for 2．It is not wise ________ teenagers to be crazy about Korean stars. It is more important ________ them to learn more about Chinese culture. A．for; for B．of; for C．of; of D．for; of 3．Reading labels can help you make ________ (明智的) choices. 4．While AI offers the tools for efficient learning, we still need human teamwork to use and understand knowledge ________ (明智地). 5．We should behave ________ (wise) online to avoid risks. 6．His ________ (wise) words helped me understand myself better. 7．Parents should teach children how to use the Internet ________ (wise) to avoid online risks. 答案：1．B 2．B 3．wise 4．wisely 5．wisely 6．wise 7．wisely 【知识梳理7】These types of energy produce little pollution and will never run out.这类能源产生极少污染且用之不竭。 run out ① 用完，耗尽其主语通常是被用尽的时间、食物、金钱等，后面不能直接跟宾语。 run out of 用完……，耗尽……（其主语为表示人的名词或代词，宾语为被用完的物，相当于 use up） __________________________________________她的钱很快就花完了。 __________________________________________我已经花光了我所有的钱。 ② 跑出去 run out of 从…… 跑出去 __________________________________________昨天晚上一只大型动物从动物园跑了出去。 答案：Her money soon ran out. I have run out of all my money. A big animal ran out of the zoo last night. 【即时练习】 1．—Nature is our greatest ________. It is important for us to protect it. —Yes. If humans don’t take action, natural resources will ________ one day. A．resource; give out B．knowledge; put out C．project; carry out D．treasure; run out 2．Some people waste too much water. They don’t believe that it can ________ some day. A．run out B．hand out C．be run out D．be handed out 3．Mum, we’re running out ________ milk. Could you buy some more? A．from B．of C．with D．in 4．The energy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never ________. A．be carried out B．be run out C．carry out D．run out 答案：1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 【知识梳理8】They are going to be used more widely in the future.在未来，它们将被更广泛地应用。 widely 〔副词〕广泛地，普遍地 ________________________________________这种药被广泛使用。 ____________________________________________________________人们普遍认为树木有助于改善环境。 拓展wide〔形容词〕宽阔的；广泛的 ________________________________________一条宽阔的道路 ________________________________________她的兴趣很广泛。 答案：The medicine is widely used. It's widely believed that trees help improve the environment. a wide road She has wide interests. 【即时练习】 1．The road is not ________ enough for two cars to pass. We need to make it ________. A．wide; wide B．wider; wider C．wider; wide D．wide; wider 2．English is one of ________ used languages in the world. A．the most widely B．the wider C．more widely D．the most wide 3．The little boy can open his mouth ________ (wide) to eat the big apple. 4．Eco-friendly products are now ________ (wide) used in daily life because more people pay attention to environmental protection. 答案：1．D 2．A 3．wide 4．widely 【知识梳理9】Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!记住，每个人都可以做点（对保护环境）有益的事！ make a difference 有作用，有影响difference 前面可加修饰词，如 big, great 等； 如果表示 “对…… 有影响”，其后可加介词 to。 ________________________________________小的改变也能起作用。 ________________________________________我们的行为会对他人产生很大的影响。 拓展 ________________________________________对…… 没有影响 ________________________________________这对我没什么影响。 答案：Small changes can make a difference. Our action can make a big difference to others. make no difference to It makes no difference to me. 【即时练习】 1．________ with watching TV shows, reading short stories before bed ________ in helping you relax, but it is healthier and can improve your vocabulary. A．Comparing; makes a difference B．Compared; makes a difference C．Comparing; makes no difference D．Compared; makes no difference 2．—You get on so well ________ your family, Carl. —I think I can make a difference ________ the relations between my parents. A．in; for B．with; for C．to; with D．with; to 3．Reading makes a ________ (different) to everyone’s life and to the world by broadening minds. 4．The habit you are used to ________ (make) a difference to your life. You need to change it. 答案：1．B 2．D 3．difference 4． makes 【知识梳理10】A recycling event is going to be held at our school.我们学校将举行一次回收活动。 hold 〔动词〕(held, held) ① 举行，召开 __________________________________________中国信守了举办绿色奥运的承诺。 __________________________________________这次会议将在酒店召开。 ② 拥有相当于 have 或 own。 __________________________________________他们对于这件事持有不同的观点。 ③ 举着，拿着，抓住 __________________________________________他站在雨中，举着一把伞。 ④ 容纳 __________________________________________这个大体育场可容纳 2000 多人。 答案：China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics. The meeting will be held at the hotel. They hold different views on this matter. He stood in the rain, holding an umbrella. This big stadium can hold over 2,000 people. 【即时练习】 1．Our class ________ a volunteer activity in the local park to clean up rubbish this Saturday morning. A．will hold B．hold C．are holding D．held 2．—Do you know _________ the school art festival _________? —Next month. The exact date _________ yet. A．when; will hold; hasn’t decided B．when; will be held; hasn’t been decided C．where; is held; isn’t decided D．how; will hold; wasn’t decided 3．The sports centre ________ (hold) 20000 fans during the match last month. 4．Some club activities ________ (hold) outdoors, such as rock climbing and bird watching. 5．More international music festivals ________ (hold) in Wuxi in the next five years. 答案：1．A 2．B 3．held 4．are held 5．will be held 【知识梳理11】I hope everyone will take an active part in at least one activity and also vote for the activities you want to see in the future.我希望每个人都能积极参与至少一项活动，也为你将来想参加的活动投票。 vote 〔动词〕投票，表决 ___________________投票支持 ___________________投票反对 ___________________就某事进行表决 ______________________________________你投了她的赞成票还是反对票？ ______________________________________现在我们对这个问题进行投票表决。 答案：vote for vote against vote on sth Did you vote for or against her? Now we will vote on this question. 【即时练习】 1．—Have you decided where to spend your winter holiday? —Not yet. We will vote ________ it this evening. A．for B．against C．by D．on 2．You can send text messages ________ 1396 to vote ________ your favourite TV programme. A．to; to B．on; to C．on; for D．to; for 3．Let’s vote ________ China’s Inspirational Role Models(感动中国人物) ________ the Internet, shall we? A．for; in B．to; on C．on; over D．for; on 4．Fans have ________ (投票) online for their favorite stars. 答案：1．D 2．D 3．D 4．voted 【知识梳理12】In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers, so many of them are polluted.在许多地方，垃圾被扔进湖泊和河流，因此它们中的许多都被污染了。 pollute 〔及物动词〕污染，弄脏 ________________________________ 某物受到某物的污染 ________________________________________________那条河被工厂的废弃物污染了。 拓展 ① ________________〔不可数名词〕污染，污染物 ________________________________ 空气污染 ________________________________噪声污染 ② ________________〔形容词〕受污染的 ________________________________ 受污染的土地 答案：pollute sth with/by sth The river is polluted by/with the waste from factories. pollution air pollution noise pollution polluted polluted land 【即时练习】 1．Don’t put waste into rivers or lakes, or it will cause much water ________. (pollute) 2．Keeping ________ (pollute) water resources will make it difficult for the Earth to regain its health. 3．When people live in a ________ (pollute) area, their health will be in danger. 答案：1．pollution 2．polluting 3．polluted 第三部分 Grammar 【知识梳理】一般将来时的被动语态 ①A recycling event is going to be held at our school. 我们学校将举行一次回收活动。 ②They'll be sent to poor areas. 它们将被送往贫困地区。 一般将来时的被动语态表示在将来的时间某一动作将被执行。在这样的句子中，主语是动作的承受者或动作的对象。 一般将来时的被动语态的构成主要有两种形式： (1) “will be + 动词的过去分词”。改为一般疑问句时，将 will 提至句首；改为否定句时，只要在 will 后加 not 即可。 The new film will be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。 —Will the meeting be held next Monday?下周一开会吗？ —Yes, it will. /No, it won’t.是的，开会。/ 不，不开。 (2) “be going to be + 动词的过去分词”。改为一般疑问句时，将 be 提至句首；改为否定句时，在 be 后加 not 即可。 The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 这个问题将在明天的会议上被讨论。 The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 这个问题不会在明天的会议上被讨论。 【即时练习】 一、单项选择 1．Our sports meeting _________ next Tuesday. A．will hold B．will be held C．have held D．was held 2．The FIFA World Cup in 2026 ________ in three countries: the US, Canada, and Mexico. A．will hold B．will be held C．was held D．is held 3．The old building ________ next month to make room for a new park. A．will pull down B．is pulled down C．pulls down D．will be pulled down 4．—Will the plastic waste ________ in the ocean forever? —No. Scientists are developing new ways to break it down. A．keep B．be kept C．have kept D．kept 5．According to the new rule in Nanjing, people ________ if they drop litter in public places. A．fine B．will fine C．are fined D．will be fined 6．Many eco-friendly activities ________ in our city next month to celebrate World Environment Day. A．will organize B．are organized C．will be organized D．organize 7．The project ________ by the end of next month. A．will complete B．will be completed C．is completing D．has been completed 8．The future of rules ________ by technology and society. A．will be shaped B．is shaping C．shaped D．shapes 9．—Do you know _________ the school art festival _________? —Next month. The exact date _________ yet. A．when; will hold; hasn’t decided B．when; will be held; hasn’t been decided C．where; is held; isn’t decided D．how; will hold; wasn’t decided 10．More after-school activities ________ for students in our school next term to help them relax. A．will organize B．were organized C．organized D．will be organized 11．________ the signal (信号) gets stronger, the multimedia device ________ the Wi-Fi smoothly. A．With; will be connected to B．As; will be connected to C．When; was connected to D．As; is connected to 12．—Susan, is there going to be a meeting I need to attend next Tuesday? I’m not sure. —Just relax, you will ________ the time one day early. A．reminded B．be reminded C．be reminded to D．be reminded of 13．—Do you know if the sports meeting ________ on time? —Hard to say. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off. A．is held; will rain B．will be held; will rain C．is held; rains D．will be held; rains 14．—A new recycling station ________ in our neighbourhood next month. —Wow, that’s good news! It will become much cleaner. A．is built B．isn’t built C．will be built D．won’t be built 15．—Do you know how much money ________ at the show yesterday? — Yes. More than 100 thousand yuan. The money ________ to Hope Primary School next week. A．was raised; will donate B．was raised; will be donated C．raised; will donate D．has raised; will be donated 16．The 2028 Olympic Games ________ in Los Angeles. A．hold B．are held C．will hold D．will be held 17．It is said that more railways ________ to improve the traffic situation in our city. A．built B．will be built C．are building D．have been built 18．The meeting ________ at the community center this afternoon. Please prepare some hot water and paper cups. A．will hold B．will be held C．is held D．holds 19．—No matter how many difficulties we meet, I believe all the problems ________ in the end. —I hope so. A．solve B．will solve C．are solved D．will be solved 20．—More and more people like to visit Jingji Road in Zhenjiang at night. —Yes. In the coming days, more cultural activities ________ to make it even more popular. A．will hold B．are held C．were held D．will be held 二、单词拼写 21．The new high-speed railway station that we’re looking forward to ________ (complete) in Taizhou in 2027. 22．The photos of our camping trip ________ (put) on our school website next Monday. 23．All these deep and sweet memories ________ (keep) in our hearts forever. 24．Many new training methods ________ (use) in the future to help her improve. 25．The robot shop owner has promised to Mr Jiang that all his things ________ (lay) in the right place as soon as the home robot is fixed and returned to him. 26．It’s said that a new bike lane (自行车道) near our school ________ (build) in three years. 27．We hope that photos from the walk ________ (share) on the school website. 28．As a result, more activities like this ________ (organize) next year in our school. 29．If you park your car in the wrong place, you ________ (fine) 20 yuan. 30．What’s more, a free treatment ________ (provide) for him by the local hospital next week. 答案： 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B B D B D C B A B D 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B D D C B D B B D D 21．will be completed 22．will be put 23．will be kept 24．will be used 25．will be laid 26．will be built 27．will be shared 28．will be organized 29．will be fined 30．will be provided 【词汇练习】 一、根据中文提示写出正确的单词。 1.Yongwu Road has been open for twelve years. However, the traffic will be closed when the water __________ (水平) reaches the flood warning line, for safety purposes. 2.To make sure of food safety, the Chinese government has decided to make __________ (严格的) laws. 3. We depend on natural __________ (资源) to live, so we should make good use of them. 4.If you break traffic rules, you will be __________ (惩罚) by the police. 5.My secret of success is to work hard and plan my time __________ (明智地). 二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.We should do what we can __________ (keep) the river clean. 2.We should make laws to stop some factories from __________ (put) waste into rivers. 3.Although Zhang Guimei met lots of difficulties, she __________ (success) helped so many students to go to college. 4.__________ (recycle) is very important for us to protect our environment. 5.The smart home system will be __________ (control) by voice in the next update. 三、单项选择。 1.The TV series To the Wonder (《我的阿勒泰》) really makes a great ______ to Altay (阿勒泰). And it has become a popular place for travelling. A. difference B. surprise C. chance D. problem 2.—It's said that ChatGPT has both good and bad sides. —Well, it all ______ how you use it. A. leads to B. sounds like C. turns into D. depends on 3.Ne Zha 2 is exciting ______ heart-warming, hitting a big box-office success. A. as good as B. as far as C. as well as D. as long as 4.Energy from the sun produces little pollution and it will never ______. A. put out B. give out C. run out D. take out 5.—We can save water by taking shorter showers. —______, turning off the tap when brushing teeth is also a good way. A. However B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. Anyway 四、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.像玻璃、报纸之类的东西被分类并回收利用。 Things like glass and newspaper ______________________________. 2.我们的学校很干净，我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。 Our school is very clean, and we should ______________________________________. 3.当地政府不允许人们砍伐树木。 People ______________________________________ trees by the local government. 4.学校将组织许多活动来庆祝世界环境日。 Many activities _____________________________________ to celebrate World Environment Day. 一、1.level 2.strict 3.resources 4.punished 5.wisely 二、1.to keep 2.putting 3.successfully 4.Recycling 5.controlled 三、1.A 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.B 四、1.are separated into different groups and recycled 2.try to keep it that way 3.aren't allowed to cut down 4.will/are going to be organized by the school 【语法部分练习】 一、根据中文提示写出正确的单词。 1.Shared bikes can help us travel around freely in cities without __________ (污染) the air. 2.Burning fuels like oil, coal and __________ (天然气) causes global warming and pollution. 3.The famous brick toy company held the Build and Talk activities offline in China to help parents and children prevent too much screen time from __________ (影响) children's eyes. 4.Some __________ (海鸟) have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying areas. 5.The artwork for the __________ (海报) was done by my sister. 二、动词填空。 1.(2023・淮安市盱眙期末) More trees __________ (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 2.The money given by his parents __________ (run) out already. 3.The little girl kept __________ (ask) us many strange questions. 4.Our country has made laws __________ (protect) biodiversity of the Yangtze River. 5.If salt is __________ (spread) onto the ice, the freezing temperature will be lower than 0℃. 三、单项选择。 1.—A new recycling station ______ in our neighbourhood next month. —Wow, that's good news! It will become much cleaner. A. is built B. isn't built C. will be built D. won't be built 2.Because of the heavy rainstorm, visitors in Qingdao ______ to stay away from the beach yesterday. A. warned B. are warned C. were warned D. have warned 3.All the students ______ into different clubs according to their choices next term. A. are separated B. separate C. will be separated D. will separate 4.—How soon ______ all the work ______?—In a week. A. will; complete B. is; going to complete C. is; going to be completed D. are; completed 5.We finally finished the difficult project not only ______ we tried our best, but also ______ our teamwork. A. because; because B. because; because of C. because of; because D. because of; because of 四、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.海鸟观察沿海风电场并非出于好奇，而是一种生存本能。 Coastal wind farms ______________________________ not out of curiosity, but as a survival instinct. 2.今晚还有谁会被邀请参加这次的聚会呢？ Who ______________________________ to the party tonight? 3.如果空气不净化，将来会有越来越多的人受到伤害。 More and more people __________________ in the future if the air ______________________________. 4.当我们有机会去改善环境的时候，请把握住它。 When we ______________________________, please take it. 5.海洋塑料污染是海洋生物面临的最严重问题之一。 Plastic pollution in the ocean is ______________________________ marine life. 答案： 一、1.polluting 2.gas 3.affecting 4.seabirds 5.poster 二、1.will be cut 2.has run 3.asking 4.to protect 5.spread 三、1.C 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B 四、1.are watched by seabirds 2.else will be invited 3.will be hurt, isn't cleaned up 4.have a chance to improve the environment 5.one of the worst problems for 一、根据中文提示或英文释义写出正确的单词。 1.If we drop litter in a public place, we'll be ___________ (罚款) by the police. 2.The current division of labour between workers and ___________ (管理) will soon be changed. 3.It is wasteful to throw away glass and paper, so every class collects them for ___________ (回收利用). 4.China is trying to help people ___________ (to limit sth by efforts) their weight and live healthier lives. 5.The ___________ (complete, entire) number of new energy public buses reached about 544,000 at the end of 2024 in China, a transport official said. 二、单项选择。 1.It is a big event for the Xiangtan University to become the first university in Hunan Province to have a small planet ______ after it as "Xiangdaxing". A. name B. named C. to name D. naming 2.After spending weeks practising pronunciation and grammar, he ______ improved his spoken English. A. quickly B. especially C. willingly D. successfully 3.We should ______ waste into different groups so that it can be collected easily. A. separate B. translate C. turn D. knock 4.—Sir, it seems hard for me to finish the task alone.—Don't worry. A lot of support ______ soon. A. was offered B. is offered C. will be offered D. were offered 5.Choose ______ how you spend your spare time and with whom you spend it. A. wisely B. politely C. closely D. quietly 6.—What is the best way to see the beautiful countryside? —______. When I don't need to rush, I'd like to see it by bike. A. No problem B. Forget it C. Good luck D. It depends 三、根据中文提示完成句子。 1.老师没有惩罚那些调皮的男孩子，而是耐心地对待他们。 The teacher treated the naughty boys patiently ______________________. 2.即使在周末，我父母也不允许我玩太多的电脑游戏。 My parents __________________________ computer games even on weekends. 3.转学对我的一生有着重大影响。 Changing a school __________________________. 4.你们已经找到解决这个问题的新方法了吗？ Have you __________________________ this problem? 5.这些废弃物将被送到工厂进行回收利用。 The waste __________________________________. 答案： 一、1.fined 2.management 3.recycling 4.control 5.total 二、1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 三、1.instead of punishing them 2.don't allow me to play too many 3.makes a great difference to my life 4.found a new way to solve 5.will be sent to factories for recycling 能力提升 一、完形填空 Rainwater harvesting (收集) is a smart way to save water. In many cities around the world, this technology is being used to deal with water shortage. Now it’s also popular in some communities in Nanjing. The rainwater harvesting system is not complicated. When it rains, the rainwater falls on the roof and flows into a special 1 . Then it goes through a filter (过滤器) to remove dirt and impurities (杂质). After that, the clean water is stored in a big tank. People can use it to water plants, clean cars or even wash clothes after simple treatment. This system has many advantages. First, it helps 2 water resources. Instead of using tap water for non-drinking purposes, people can use collected rainwater. Second, it reduces the risk of flooding in rainy seasons. The system collects extra rainwater, so less water runs into the streets. Third, it’s good for the environment. Using rainwater means less groundwater is taken out, which 3 the balance of nature. Mr. Li, who lives in a community with this system, said, “We used to worry about water shortage in summer. Now with the rainwater tank, we have enough water for daily use. And the water bill has 4 a lot.” However, setting up the system needs some money at first. But most people think it’s worth it. “It’s a long-term investment (投资) for our planet,” said a community worker. “We hope more communities will 5 this technology in the future.” For most families, using the collected rainwater is 6 . They just need to turn on a special tap to get the water. The water is clean enough for daily non-drinking use, and it doesn’t cost extra money. Some residents even use it to clean the 7 around their houses, making the community more beautiful. This system is not only 8 for saving water but also for building a sense of community. Neighbors often share tips on how to use the rainwater better. The 9 in the community are very satisfied with this system and often recommend it to friends in other areas. By using rainwater harvesting technology, we can not only 10 water resources but also protect our environment. It’s a simple but effective way to go green. 1．A．pipe B．bowl C．basket D．box 2．A．waste B．save C．sell D．buy 3．A．keeps B．breaks C．destroys D．changes 4．A．risen B．fallen C．increased D．doubled 5．A．give up B．look for C．put off D．take up 6．A．easy B．difficult C．interesting D．boring 7．A．sky B．ground C．river D．lake 8．A．bad B．harmful C．helpful D．careful 9．A．teachers B．doctors C．farmers D．residents 10．A．protect B．pollute C．create D．waste 二、阅读理解 A Greener World China hopes to see the turning point of carbon emissions (碳排放) by 2030 and realize carbon neutrality (碳中和) by 2060. Everybody should try their best to achieve this goal. 15-minute China's goal by 2060: Carbon emissions of one year reach the highest point in 2030 and then begin to fall. 11．According to the words and pictures above, the carbon emissions reach the highest point ________. A．in 2021 B．in 2026 C．in 2030 D．in 2060 12．According to the pictures above, which of the following cannot help cut down carbon emissions? A．Saving food. B．Saving water. C．Saving power. D．Using bikes more. 13．Where can we probably find this passage? A．In a letter. B．On a poster C．In a storybook. D．In a diary. Did you take part in any tree-planting activities this past March 12? Or maybe you went to check out the little tree you planted a few years ago? Standing beside it, you might have been amazed at how much it has changed. It’s really great to watch a tree grow year by year. Even the tallest ones of them grow from tiny seeds (种子). Have you ever wondered how? A full-grown tree may drop hundreds or even thousands of seeds a year. Inside each seed is something called an embryo(胚). Think of it as a small group of cells (细胞). These cells are ready to form roots, stems (茎), and first leaves. Once the covering around the seed gets wet, the embryo cells, which have been patiently waiting, suddenly come to life. They start to grow and break out. This is called germination. First, the roots develop and push out and down into the soil. This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil. Then the stem grows up and makes the first leaves. As these leaves produce “food” in the sunlight, the plant gets the energy to grow more new leaves. Let’s imagine you drive a nail (钉子) into a tree at one metre above the ground. What will you see when you come back in ten years? The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees get taller by growing upwards from the top. At the same time, their trunk gets thicker by growing outwards. It is like the tree has two different ways of growing at the same time. The upward growth is like a race towards the sky, reaching for more sunlight, while the outward growth of the trunk is like adding more and more rings of protection and support. As trees get older, they continue to grow taller and thicker. Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres! That’s as tall as a 30-floor building! Isn’t it amazing? 14．Which one of the pictures shows the stage of germination? A． B． C． D． 15．Why does the writer use the example of driving a nail into a tree in Paragraph 4? A．To explain why people put nails in trees. B．To help readers understand how trees grow taller. C．To show that nails don’t stop trees from growing. D．To teach readers a way to record the growth of trees. 16．If a tree trunk gets thicker over time, what will happen to a metal ring (金属环) put around the bottom of the trunk after 10 years? A．The metal ring will go into the soil. B．The metal ring will be higher off the ground. C．The metal ring will move up and down along the trunk. D．The metal ring will stay at the same height but may embed (嵌入) in the tree. 17．From the article, we can find the answer to the question “__________” ①How do trees get water from the soil? ②Why does a nail in a tree trunk stay at the same height over time? ③How many seeds does a full-grown tree drop in its lifetime? ④How tall can the tallest trees in the world grow? ⑤How long does a seed take to grow leaves? A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②④⑤ D．①②④ 18．Which of the following best represents the structure of the passage? A．Tell stories → List facts → Give a warning B．Ask questions → Explain steps → Share a fact C．List problems → Study reasons → Offer advice D．Share experiences → Show examples → Introduce features As our human population grows, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife. But the good news is that each of us can play a role in helping wild animals by making the world a better place for them. 19 . Go outside and stay with wildlife. Take a walk and enjoy the wildlife all around you—the birds, butterflies, elephants and the like. Spend more time cut side enjoying and learning about wildlife. Speak up for wildlife. 20 . Speak up and speak out against wildlife illegal poaching (非法偷猎), overfishing, wild animals killed for fun, and much more. 21 . Then spread them on social media. Encourage friends and others to watch them too, and share your ideas about how to protect and save wildlife. 22 . Collecting rubbish can save the life of an animal. Pick up any plastic (塑料) bag. Plastic of any kind, fishing line, and anything that can be mistaken for food by animals. Or it can trap and even kill them. Never buy products (产品) from endangered animals. When traveling to a foreign county, shopping overseas, or shopping in your local area, never buy gifts or products that support the illegal wildlife trade, or are from animals in danger. 23 A．Pick up rubbish around you B．Contact the local government C．Your choice could make a big difference D．Become a voice for wildlife on social media E．Take a free online class on wildlife protection F．Learn about the lives and problems many animals are facing today G．Let’s become an active protector by putting the following ideas into practice 答案：1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．D 18．B 19．G 20．D 21．F 22．A 23．C 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $