专题18 祈使句（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（山东专版）

小升初英语专题总复习 专题18 祈使句 考点一 祈使句的基本结构 祈使句用于表达请求、命令、建议或警告，隐含主语为第二人称 you，通常省略。鲁科版、人教版、外研版教材均将其作为核心句式，是山东小升初入门必考点。 核心结构表（山东小升初必考） 句式类型 基本结构 典型例句（山东本地场景） 肯定式（Do 型） 动词原形 + 宾语 / 状语 + 其他 Climb Mount Tai with me.（和我一起爬泰山。） Eat Shandong pancakes.（吃山东煎饼。） 肯定式（Be 型） Be + 形容词 / 名词 + 其他 Be careful when you visit Daming Lake.（游览大明湖时要小心。） Be a good student.（做个好学生。） 肯定式（Let 型） Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他 Let's go to Qingdao this summer.（今年夏天我们去青岛吧。） Let me help you carry the box.（让我帮你搬箱子。） 否定式（基础） Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 Don't run in the classroom.（不要在教室里跑。） Don't pick flowers in the park.（不要在公园里摘花。） 否定式（Be 型） Don't be + 形容词 / 名词 + 其他 Don't be late for school.（上学不要迟到。） Don't be noisy in the library.（图书馆里不要吵闹。） 否定式（Let 型） Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 Let's not + 动词原形 Don't let him go alone.（不要让他一个人去。） Let's not waste time.（我们不要浪费时间了。） 山东考区易错提醒 祈使句中动词必须用原形，不可用三单、过去式或现在分词 误：Opens the door. 正：Open the door. Be 型祈使句的否定式必须加 Don't be，不能直接加 Not 误：Not be late. 正：Don't be late. Let's 与 Let us 的区别：Let's 包括说话者和听话者，Let us 通常不包括听话者（请求对方允许） 例：Let's go to Qufu.（我们一起去曲阜吧。） Let us go out to play, Mum.（妈妈，让我们出去玩吧。） Never 开头的否定祈使句语气比 Don't 更强 例：Never swim in the river alone.（千万不要独自在河里游泳。） 1.选出下列祈使句结构正确的一项 ( ) A. Don't late for school. B. Let's to play football. C. Please pass me the salt. D. Eats more vegetables. 2.改正下列句子中的结构错误 （1）Don't runs in the street. →________________ （2）Let's not to eat too much. →________________ （3）Please don't talking. →________________ 3.将下列中文句子译为祈使句 （1）关上窗户。____________________ （2）请不要迟到。____________________ （3）我们一起去大明湖吧。____________________ 1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空（祈使句） （1）________ (open) the door, please. （2）________ (not eat) in the library. （3）Let's ________ (go) to school together. （4）Please ________ (be) quiet in class. 2.判断下列祈使句是否正确（正确写 T，错误写 F） （1）Don't be sad. ( ) （2）Let's playing basketball. ( ) （3）Please give me a pen. ( ) 3.翻译句子（祈使句） （1）请把你的作业给我看。____________________ （2）不要玩电脑游戏。____________________ （3）我们一起爬泰山吧。____________________考点二 祈使句的句式转换 祈使句的转换主要集中在 "肯定→否定"、"陈述句→祈使句" 和 "祈使句→疑问句"，核心是遵循 "动词原形开头" 的规则，是山东小升初句型转换的高频考点。 核心转换规则表（山东小升初必考） 转换类型 操作方法 例句（原句→转换句） 肯定祈使句→否定祈使句 句首加 Don't（基础型） Please don't + 动词原形（礼貌型） Open the window. → Don't open the window. Please close the door. → Please don't close the door. Let's 句型→否定句 Let's + not + 动词原形 Let's go shopping. → Let's not go shopping. 陈述句→祈使句 去掉主语 you，动词变为原形（必要时加 Please） You should finish your homework now. → Finish your homework now, please. 祈使句→一般疑问句（表请求） Will you + 动词原形？ Would you please + 动词原形？ Close the door. → Will you close the door? Pass me the book. → Would you please pass me the book? 山东考区易错提醒 含有 be 动词的祈使句，否定式需加 Don't be 误：Don't late. 正：Don't be late. Would you please 后接动词原形，不可加 to 例：Would you please help me?（正确） Let's 的否定式不能用 Don't let's 误：Don't let's go. 正：Let's not go. 祈使句的强调形式是在句首加 Do 例：Do be careful!（一定要小心！） 1.按要求转换下列句子 （1）Turn on the light.（改为否定句）________________________ （2）Let's watch TV.（改为否定句）________________________ （3）You should drink more water.（改为祈使句）________________________ （4）Please clean the room.（改为一般疑问句，表请求）________________________ 2.选出下列转换正确的一项 ( ) A. Be quiet. → Don't be quiet.（否定句） B. Let's read. → Let's don't read.（否定句） C. You go to bed early. → Go to bed early, please.（祈使句） D. Don't eat. → Will you don't eat?（疑问句） 3.改正下列转换中的错误 （1）Be careful. → Not be careful. →________________ （2）Please pass me the cup. → Would you please to pass me the cup? →________________ 1.按要求转换下列句子 （1）Sweep the floor.（改为否定句）________________________ （2）Let's go to Qingdao.（改为否定句）________________________ （3）You can eat some Shandong pancakes.（改为祈使句）________________________ （4）Don't run fast.（改为礼貌型否定句）________________________ 2.翻译句子（转换后的祈使句） （1）不要打开收音机。（否定祈使句）________________________ （2）我们不要忘记带雨伞去泰山。（Let's 否定句）________________________ （3）请你帮我一下好吗？（祈使句变疑问句）________________________ 3.用适当的形式填空（转换句型） （1）________ (not be) late for the meeting.（否定祈使句） （2）Let's ________ (not make) noise in the museum.（Let's 否定句） （3）________ (give) me your phone number, please.（陈述句变祈使句） 考点三 祈使句的情景应用 祈使句在日常情景中高频出现，需结合山东本地场景（校园、交通、旅游、生活）选择合适的语气和结构，是山东小升初情景对话的得分关键。 山东本地高频情景及常用祈使句 情景类型 常用祈使句（山东本地特色） 校园规则 Don't run in the hallway.（不要在走廊跑。） Be quiet in class.（课堂上保持安静。） Hand in your homework on time.（按时交作业。） 交通规则 Stop at the red light.（红灯停。） Don't cross the road when the light is red.（红灯时不要过马路。） Drive slowly on Mount Tai Road.（泰山路上慢行。） 旅游提示 Don't touch the cultural relics in Confucius Temple.（不要触摸孔庙的文物。） Take your umbrella when you go to Qingdao.（去青岛时带上雨伞。） Enjoy your trip to Daming Lake.（祝你大明湖之旅愉快。） 生活建议 Drink more water in summer.（夏天多喝水。） Eat more Shandong vegetables.（多吃山东蔬菜。） Have a good time in Jinan.（祝你在济南玩得开心。） 公共标识 No smoking.（禁止吸烟。） No parking.（禁止停车。） No swimming in Daming Lake.（大明湖禁止游泳。） 山东考区易错提醒 禁止类情景多用 Don't + 动词原形或 No + 动名词 例：Don't smoke. = No smoking.（禁止吸烟。） 建议类情景多用 Let's + 动词原形，语气亲切 例：Let's go to the beach in Qingdao.（我们去青岛的海滩吧。） 请求类情景多用 Please + 动词原形，语气礼貌 例：Please show me the way to Mount Tai.（请告诉我去泰山的路。） 1.根据情景选择合适的祈使句 （1）当你在孔庙看到有人触摸文物时，你会说：____________ A. Touch the relics. B. Don't touch the relics. C. Let's touch the relics. （2）当你想邀请朋友一起去青岛海边时，你会说：____________ A. Go to Qingdao. B. Let's go to the beach in Qingdao. C. Don't go to Qingdao. （3）当你看到红灯时，你会提醒朋友：____________ A. Stop! Don't go. B. Go! C. Let's go. 2.补全情景对话（用祈使句） A: We are going to climb Mount Tai tomorrow. B: Great! ________________________ (1) (带上你的外套) , please. It's cold on the mountain. A: OK. What else? B: _________________________________ (2) (不要忘记带水) . A: Sure. ____________________ (3) (我们早上 6 点出发吧) . B: Good idea. 1.根据情景选择合适的祈使句 （1）当你想让别人把窗户关上时，你会说：____________ A. Open the window. B. Close the window, please. C. Don't close the window. （2）当你在大明湖看到有人游泳时，你会说：____________ A. Swim in the lake. B. Don't swim in the lake. C. Let's swim in the lake. （3）当你给别人提建议多吃山东煎饼时，你会说：____________ A. Eat more Shandong pancakes. B. Don't eat Shandong pancakes. C. Let's not eat Shandong pancakes. 2.补全情景对话（用祈使句） A: Mom, I want to go to Daming Lake with my friends. B: OK, but _________________________________ (1) (不要玩太晚) . A: I know. Can I take my camera? B: Yes. But _________________________________ (2) (小心你的相机) . A: Sure. ____________________ (3) (我们下午 5 点回家吧) . B: Good. 考点四 祈使句的综合运用 综合考查祈使句的结构、转换及情景应用，核心是根据语境选择正确的句式和语气，区分请求、命令、建议的不同表达，是山东小升初拉开分数的关键。 易混知识点辨析 易混点 区别 典型例句 Don't + 动词原形 vs No + 动名词 前者是完整祈使句，语气较委婉；后者是简略禁止标识，语气强烈 Don't smoke here.（请不要在这里吸烟。） No smoking.（禁止吸烟。） Let's vs Let us Let's 包括说话者和听话者，表建议；Let us 不包括听话者，表请求 Let's go to the park.（我们去公园吧。） Let us go home, teacher.（老师，让我们回家吧。） Please 的位置 可在句首或句末，句末时用逗号隔开 Please sit down. = Sit down, please.（请坐。） Do + 动词原形 vs 动词原形 Do + 动词原形表示强调，意为 "务必、一定" Be careful.（小心。） Do be careful.（一定要小心。） 综合运用技巧 先判断场景语气：禁止→Don't + 动词原形 / No + 动名词；建议→Let's + 动词原形；请求→Please + 动词原形 再检查结构：动词用原形，否定句加 Don't/Let's not 最后匹配礼貌程度：正式场景用 Please don't，非正式场景用 Don't 1.用适当的祈使句形式填空（综合运用） （1）____ (not talk) in the library. It's a rule. （2）____ (be) careful! The floor is wet. （3）____ (let) us help you with your bags. （4）____ (drink) more hot water when you have a cold. 2.选出下列句子中综合运用正确的一项 ( ) A. No run in the street. B. Let's not to be late. C. Please pass me the book, thank you. D. Don't be afraid of dogs. 1.用适当的祈使句形式填空（综合运用） （1）____ (not eat) too much sugar. It's bad for teeth. （2）____ (let)'s go to Confucius Temple this weekend. （3）____ (be) quiet, please. The baby is sleeping. （4）____ (not forget) to call me when you arrive in Qingdao. 2.改正下列句子中的综合错误 （1）Let's to go to school. →________________ （2）Don't be not sad. →________________ （3）Please don't to open the window. →________________ 3.翻译句子（综合运用祈使句） （1）不要在课堂上吃东西，保持安静。____________________ （2）我们一起去曲阜参观孔庙吧。____________________ （3）请你把那本关于孔子的书递给我好吗？____________________ 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. ____________ the door, please. It's cold outside. A. Open B. Close C. Opens D. Closes ( ) 2. ____________ run in the hallway. It's dangerous. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't D. Isn't ( ) 3. Let's ____________ to Mount Tai this weekend. A. go B. goes C. going D. to go ( ) 4. Please ____________ quiet in the library. A. be B. is C. are D. to be ( ) 5. ____________ eat too much junk food. It's bad for health. A. Don't B. Not C. Doesn't D. Isn't ( ) 6. Would you please ____________ me the way to Daming Lake? A. tell B. tells C. telling D. to tell ( ) 7. Let's not ____________ late for the train to Qingdao. A. be B. is C. are D. to be ( ) 8. ____________ careful! There is a car coming. A. Be B. Is C. Are D. To be ( ) 9. ____________ the light when you leave the room. A. Turn on B. Turn off C. Turns on D. Turns off ( ) 10. ____________ swim in Daming Lake. It's dangerous. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't D. Isn't 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1.____________ (open) your books, please. 2.____________ (not talk) loudly in class. 3.Let's ____________ (visit) Confucius Temple tomorrow. 4.Please ____________ (be) on time for the party. 5.____________ (not eat) in the computer room. 6.Let's not ____________ (watch) TV too late. 7.____________ (give) me a glass of water, please. 8.____________ (not be) afraid of climbing Mount Tai. 9.Please ____________ (clean) your desk before you leave. 10.Let's ____________ (help) the old man cross the street. 三、按要求完成下列各题 1.Open the window.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________________ 2.Let's play basketball.（改为否定句） _____________________________________________________________ 3.You should eat more Shandong vegetables.（改为祈使句） _____________________________________________________________ 4.Please be quiet.（改为一般疑问句，表请求） _____________________________________________________________ 5.Don't run fast.（改为礼貌型否定句） _____________________________________________________________ 6.翻译句子：不要在墙上画画，我们一起保持教室干净。（祈使句） _____________________________________________________________ 四、情景对话 从方框中选择合适的句子补全对话，有两项多余。 A. Don't forget to take your camera. B. Let's go at 8 o'clock. C. What should we take? D. Where are we going? E. Would you please help me? F. Don't be late. G. Let's have a picnic there. A: Hi, Li Ming! Are you free this Sunday? B: Yes, I am. 1. ____________ A: We are going to Daming Lake. 2. ____________ B: That sounds great! 3. ____________ A: We should take some food and drinks. 4. ____________ We can take some photos. B: OK. When will we meet? A: 5. ____________ B: All right. See you then. 五、完形填空 It's Saturday morning. The students are going to Mount Tai. The teacher says: "____________ (1) early, please. ____________ (2) forget to take your coats. It's cold on the mountain. ____________ (3) run on the steps. It's dangerous. ____________ (4) careful when you take photos. ____________ (5) have a good time!" ( ) 1. A. Get up B. Gets up C. Getting up D. To get up ( ) 2. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't D. Isn't ( ) 3. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't D. Isn't ( ) 4. A. Be B. Is C. Are D. To be ( ) 5. A. Do B. Don't C. Please D. Let's 答案与解析 考点一 考点再现： 1.C 2.（1）runs→run（2）to eat→eat（3）talking→talk 3.（1）Close the window.（2）Please don't be late.（3）Let's go to Daming Lake together. 过关训练： 1.（1）Open（2）Don't eat（3）go（4）be 2.（1）T（2）F（3）T 3.（1）Please show me your homework.（2）Don't play computer games.（3）Let's climb Mount Tai together. 考点二： 考点再现： 1.（1）Don't turn on the light.（2）Let's not watch TV.（3）Drink more water, please.（4）Will you please clean the room? / Would you please clean the room? 2.C 3.（1）Not be→Don't be（2）to pass→pass 过关训练： 1.（1）Don't sweep the floor.（2）Let's not go to Qingdao.（3）Eat some Shandong pancakes, please.（4）Please don't run fast. 2.（1）Don't turn on the radio.（2）Let's not forget to take an umbrella to Mount Tai.（3）Would you please help me? 3.（1）Don't be（2）not make（3）Give 考点三： 考点再现： 1.（1）B（2）B（3）A 2.（1）Take your coat（2）Don't forget to take water（3）Let's start at 6 a.m. 过关训练： 1.（1）B（2）B（3）A 2.（1）don't play too late（2）be careful with your camera（3）Let's go home at 5 p.m. 考点四： 考点再现： 1.（1）Don't talk（2）Be（3）Let（4）Drink 2.D 过关训练： 1.（1）Don't eat（2）Let（3）Be（4）Don't forget 2.（1）to go→go（2）be not→be（3）to open→open 3.（1）Don't eat in class. Be quiet.（2）Let's go to Qufu to visit Confucius Temple.（3）Would you please pass me the book about Confucius? 一、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.B 1. 解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，后句外面很冷，应该关门，close 关闭，open 打开。祈使句用原形。故正确答案为B。 2. 解析：否定祈使句结构：Don't + 动词原形，表示不要做某事。故正确答案为B。 3. 解析：固定句型 Let's + 动词原形，表示让我们做某事。故正确答案为A。 4. 解析：祈使句 Please 后接be 动词原形 be，be quiet 保持安静。故正确答案为A。 5. 解析：否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形，不要吃太多垃圾食品。故正确答案为A。 6. 解析：固定句型 Would you please + 动词原形，表示请你做某事好吗。故正确答案为A。 7. 解析：固定结构 Let's not + 动词原形，be late for 迟到，be 用原形。故正确答案为A。 8. 解析：祈使句以 Be + 形容词 开头，Be careful 小心。故正确答案为A。 9. 解析：祈使句用动词原形，turn off 关掉，turn on 打开；离开房间要关灯。故正确答案为B。 10. 解析：否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形，不要在大明湖游泳。故正确答案为B。 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1.Open 2.Don't talk 3.visit 4.be 5.Don't eat 6.watch 7.Give 8.Don't be 9.clean 10.help 1. 解析：肯定祈使句，句首用动词原形。故正确答案为Open。 2. 解析：否定祈使句结构 Don't + 动词原形。故正确答案为Don't talk。 3. 解析：Let's 后接动词原形。故正确答案为visit。 4. 解析：Please 后接 be 动词原形。故正确答案为be。 5. 解析：否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形。故正确答案为Don't eat。 6. 解析：Let's not 后接动词原形。故正确答案为watch。 7. 解析：肯定祈使句，句首用动词原形。故正确答案为Give。 8. 解析：否定祈使句 Don't be + 形容词 / 短语。故正确答案为Don't be。 9. 解析：Please 后接动词原形。故正确答案为clean。 10. 解析：Let's 后接动词原形。故正确答案为help。 三、按要求完成下列各题 1.Don't open the window. 2.Let's not play basketball. 3.Eat more Shandong vegetables. 4.Will you please be quiet? 5.Please don't run fast. 6.Don't draw on the wall. Let's keep our classroom clean together. 1. 解析：肯定祈使句变否定句，直接在句首加 Don't，后接动词原形。故正确答案为Don't open the window. 2. 解析：Let's 句型变否定，在 Let's 后加 not，再接动词原形。故正确答案为Let's not play basketball. 3. 解析：去掉 should，改为动词原形开头的祈使句。故正确答案为Eat more Shandong vegetables. 4. 解析：表请求的祈使句变疑问句，用 Will you please + 动词原形。故正确答案为Will you please be quiet? 5. 解析：改为礼貌否定祈使句，加 Please 放句首，用 Please don't... 结构。故正确答案为Please don't run fast. 6. 解析：前句用否定祈使句，后句用 Let's 引导祈使句，保持句意通顺。故正确答案为Don't draw on the wall. Let's keep our classroom clean together. 四、情景对话 1.D 2.G 3.C 4.A 5.B 1. 解析：下文回答要去大明湖，此处询问要去哪里。故正确答案为D。 2. 解析：下文听起来很棒，衔接提议去那儿野餐。故正确答案为G。 3. 解析：下文回答要带食物饮料，此处询问要带什么。故正确答案为C。 4. 解析：后文可以拍照，衔接别忘了带相机。故正确答案为A。 5. 解析：上文询问碰面时间，此处回答八点出发。故正确答案为B。 五、完形填空 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 1. 解析：祈使句用动词原形开头，Get up 起床。故正确答案为A。 2. 解析：否定祈使句 Don't forget to do sth. 不要忘记做某事。故正确答案为B。 3. 解析：否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形，不要在台阶上跑。故正确答案为B。 4. 解析：祈使句 Be careful 小心，固定搭配。故正确答案为A。 5. 解析：此处表示祝愿，请大家玩得开心，用 Please。故正确答案为C。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $