专题15 陈述句（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（全国通用）

小升初英语专题总复习（全国通用） 专题15 陈述句 考点一 肯定陈述句 肯定陈述句是英语最基础的句式，是所有小学英语教材的入门核心，也是后续学习疑问句、感叹句、复合句的基础。 1. 五大核心时态结构表（覆盖全国所有教材） 时态 基本结构 动词形式变化 全版本通用高频例句 一般现在时 主语 + 谓语动词 + 其他 非三单→原形；三单→-s/-es ① I go to school at 7:00 every day. ② The moon goes around the earth. ③ She likes reading books. 一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 规则动词加 - ed；不规则动词特殊变化 ① He played basketball yesterday. ② They went to the park last weekend. ③ I bought a new pen just now. 一般将来时 主语 + will/be going to + 动词原形 will 后接原形；be 动词随主语变化 ① We will have a party tomorrow. ② She is going to visit her grandma next week. 现在进行时 主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词 动词加 - ing（双写 / 去 e / 直接加） ① Look! They are flying kites. ② My mother is cooking dinner now. 现在完成时（拓展） 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 规则动词加 - ed；不规则动词特殊变化 ① I have finished my homework. ② He has lived here for 5 years. 2. 全国通用易错提醒 三单形式必变：he/she/it/ 单数名词 / 不可数名词作主语时，一般现在时动词必须加 - s/-es（误：He play football. 正：He plays football.） 现在分词三大规则： 直接加 - ing：read→reading 去 e 加 - ing：write→writing 双写末尾辅音加 - ing：run→running, swim→swimming 不规则动词重点：全国小升初必考 go→went, eat→ate, see→saw, buy→bought, take→took, have→had 考点再现 1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空 （1）（23-24 全国通用）My father ________ (work) in a hospital. （2）（23-24 北京）They ________ (visit) the Great Wall last summer. （3）（23-24 上海）Listen! The birds ________ (sing) in the tree. （4）（23-24 广东）We ________ (have) a math test tomorrow. 2.选出结构正确的一项 ( ) A. She like eating apples very much. B. He go to school at 7 o'clock every morning. C. They are playing basketball now. D. We will went to Beijing next month. 过关训练 1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空 （1）Our teacher ________ (teach) us English very well. （2）I ________ (see) a film with my parents last night. （3）They ________ (climb) the mountain next Sunday. （4）Look! The boys ________ (run) on the playground. 2.翻译句子（注意时态） （1）我每天早上七点起床。 _______________________________________________ （2）她昨天买了一本新书。 _______________________________________________ （3）他们正在教室里读书。 _______________________________________________ 考点二 否定陈述句 否定陈述句是全国小升初句型转换的第一高频考点，所有版本教材均重点讲解，核心掌握不同句式、不同时态下的否定构成规则。 1. 七大核心否定结构表 句式类型 否定结构 全版本通用例句 be 动词句型 主语 + am/is/are+not + 其他 He is not a student. 情态动词句型 主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 She can't swim. 一般现在时（实义动词） 主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 They don't like spicy food. 一般过去时（实义动词） 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 I didn't go to school yesterday. 一般将来时 主语 + won't/be not going to + 动词原形 We won't have classes tomorrow. 现在进行时 主语 + am/is/are+not + 现在分词 She isn't watching TV now. 现在完成时（拓展） 主语 + have/has+not + 过去分词 I haven't finished my homework. 2. 全国通用特殊否定形式（重难点） 特殊情况 否定规则 例句 祈使句 句首直接加 Don't Open the door. → Don't open the door. had better 结构 had better+not + 动词原形 You had better go now. → You had better not go now. 频度副词转换 always→never；often→seldom He always gets up early. → He never gets up early. 否定前移 I think/believe + 宾语从句→I don't think/believe... I think he is right. → I don't think he is right. 否定词替代 用 never/nothing/nobody/few/little 替代 not I have no money. = I don't have any money. both...and... 否定 转换为 neither...nor... He likes both apples and oranges. → He likes neither apples nor oranges. 3. 全国通用易错提醒 助动词后接原形：don't/doesn't/didn't 后必须接动词原形（误：He doesn't plays football. 正：He doesn't play football.） be 动词 / 情态动词直接加 not：无需额外加助动词（误：She is not like singing. 正：She doesn't like singing.） 否定前移仅限第一人称：He thinks she is right. → He thinks she isn't right.（正确） some 变 any：否定句中 some 通常改为 any（误：I don't have some books. 正：I don't have any books.） 考点再现 1.按要求改写为否定句 （1）（22-23 江苏）He plays football every afternoon. _______________________________________________ （2）（22-23 四川）They went to the park yesterday. _______________________________________________ （3）（22-23 河北）She is reading a book now. _______________________________________________ （4）I think he will come tomorrow.（否定前移） _______________________________________________ 2.选出否定句结构正确的一项( ) A. She don't like eating noodles. B. They didn't went to school yesterday. C. He isn't doing his homework now. D. We won't to go to Beijing next month. 过关训练 1.按要求改写为否定句 （1）I get up early every morning. _______________________________________________ （2）We visited the museum last weekend. _______________________________________________ （3）The children are playing games. _______________________________________________ （4）You had better stay here. _______________________________________________ 2.翻译句子 （1）他不喜欢吃海鲜。 _______________________________________________ （2）我们昨天没有去爬山。 _______________________________________________ （3）我认为她不会来参加聚会。 _______________________________________________ 考点三 时态一致性 时态一致性要求句子中动词时态与时间状语、上下文语境保持一致，是全国小升初单选、改错、完形填空的高频考点。 1. 全国通用核心时间状语与时态对应表 时态 高频时间状语 例句 一般现在时 every day/week/month、usually、often、always、sometimes、客观事实 He often plays basketball after school. 一般过去时 yesterday、last week/month/year、ago、just now、in 2020 She went to Jinan last month. 一般将来时 tomorrow、next week/month、soon、in the future、this summer holiday We will go to the beach this summer. 现在进行时 now、look、listen、at the moment Look! They are flying kites. 现在完成时 already、yet、for + 时间段、since + 时间点 I have lived here for 10 years. 2. 全国通用易错提醒 客观事实永用一般现在时：The earth goes around the sun.（不受任何时间状语影响） 时间状语是时态判断第一依据：看到 yesterday 必用一般过去时，看到 tomorrow 必用一般将来时 上下文语境一致：整篇短文时态要统一，除非有明确的时间转换词（如 then、now、later） 考点再现 1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空 （1）We ________ (have) breakfast at 7:00 every morning.（23-24 山东） （2）She ________ (buy) a new dress last Sunday.（23-24 浙江） （3）Listen! Someone ________ (knock) at the door.（23-24 湖北） （4）They ________ (visit) the Summer Palace next month.（23-24 湖南） 2.选出时态一致的一项( ) A. He watches TV now. B. They will go to school yesterday. C. She often goes to the library. D. We are play football last afternoon. 过关训练 1.用括号内动词的适当形式填空 （1）My sister ________ (like) reading books. She ________ (read) a storybook now. （2）They ________ (not go) to school on Sundays. They ________ (go) to the zoo last Sunday. （3）He ________ (finish) his homework yesterday evening. He ________ (watch) TV after that. 2.选择合适的时间状语填空 every day last night now next week （1）She is doing her homework ________. （2）We will have a test ________. （3）He watched a football match ________. （4）They go to school by bike ________. 考点四 主谓一致 主谓一致要求主语与谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致，是所有版本教材五年级下册的重点内容，全国小升初单选、改错常考。 1. 核心规则 单数主语（he/she/it/ 单数名词）+ 动词三单形式 复数主语（we/you/they/ 复数名词）+ 动词原形 不可数名词（water、milk、bread、rice、news）作主语，谓语动词用单数 并列主语（A and B）作主语，谓语动词用复数 不定代词（everyone、someone、anyone、no one）作主语，谓语动词用单数 集体名词（family、class、team）作整体时用单数，指成员时用复数 2. 全国通用易错点 There be 句型的主谓一致：遵循 "就近原则"（There is a book and two pens on the desk.） 表示时间、金钱、距离的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数（Ten years is a long time.） 考点再现 1.选出主谓一致正确的一项( ) A. The bread are delicious. B. Everyone like playing games. C. My family is a big family. D. Tom and Mike is good friends. 2.用括号内动词的适当形式填空 （1）There ________ (be) a pen and two books on the desk. （2）Everyone ________ (know) that. （3）My family ________ (be) watching TV now. 考点五 There be 句型的陈述句 There be 句型表示 "某地有某物 / 某人"，是所有小学英语教材的核心句型。 1. 肯定结构 There is + 单数名词 / 不可数名词 + 地点状语 There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语 例句：There is a book on the desk. / There are some apples in the basket. 2. 否定结构 There is not/isn't + 单数名词 / 不可数名词 + 地点状语 There are not/aren't + 复数名词 + 地点状语 例句：There isn't any water in the bottle. / There aren't any students in the classroom. 3. 易错提醒 There be 句型不能与 have/has 混用（误：There have a book. 正：There is a book.） 遵循 "就近原则"：be 动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. My brother ________ football every afternoon. A. play B. plays C. played D. is playing ( ) 2. They ________ to Shanghai last summer holiday. A. go B. goes C. went D. will go ( ) 3. Look! The children ________ kites in the park. A. fly B. flies C. flew D. are flying ( ) 4. She ________ a new book tomorrow. A. buy B. buys C. bought D. will buy ( ) 5. He ________ like playing basketball. He likes playing football. A. don't B. doesn't C. didn't D. isn't ( ) 6. We ________ TV last night. We went to the cinema. A. don't watch B. doesn't watch C. didn't watch D. aren't watching ( ) 7. The earth ________ around the sun. A. go B. goes C. went D. will go ( ) 8. There ________ some milk in the bottle. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( ) 9. You had better ________ late for school. A. not be B. not to be C. be not D. to not be ( ) 10. I ________ he will pass the exam.（否定前移考点） A. think not B. don't think C. not think D. thinks not 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.She ________ (sing) very well. She often ________ (sing) at school parties. 2.They ________ (visit) the Great Wall last weekend. 3.Look! The boys ________ (play) basketball on the playground. 4.He ________ (not like) eating vegetables. 5.We ________ (have) a sports meeting next week. 6.My mother ________ (cook) dinner in the kitchen now. 7.They ________ (not go) to school yesterday. They had a cold. 8.The sun ________ (rise) in the east. 9.There ________ (be) three books and a pen on the desk. 10.You had better ________ (not run) in the classroom. 三、句型转换 1.He plays football every afternoon.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 2.They went to school yesterday.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 3.She is reading a book now.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 4.We will have a picnic tomorrow.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 5.I think he is a good student.（改为否定句，否定前移） _______________________________________________ 6.There is some milk in the bottle.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 7.He can play the piano.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 8.You had better stay here.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 9.She gets up at six every morning.（改为一般疑问句） _______________________________________________ 10.They visited the museum last week.（对划线部分提问） _______________________________________________ 四、改错 1.He doesn't likes apples. __________ → __________ 2.They didn't went to the park yesterday. __________ → __________ 3.I don't have some money. __________ → __________ 4.She can not to swim. __________ → __________ 5.There have a book on the desk. __________ → __________ 五、翻译句子 1.我每天步行上学。 _______________________________________________ 2.她昨天买了一本故事书。 _______________________________________________ 3.他们正在打扫教室。 _______________________________________________ 4.我不喜欢吃甜食，但我妈妈喜欢。 _______________________________________________ 5.桌子上有一些书和一支钢笔。 _______________________________________________ 答案与解析 考点一 肯定陈述句 考点再现 1.（1）works （2）visited （3）are singing （4）will have/are going to have 2. C 过关训练 1.（1）teaches （2）saw （3）will climb/are going to climb （4）are running 2.（1）I get up at seven o'clock every morning. （2）She bought a new storybook yesterday. （3）They are reading books in the classroom. 考点二 否定陈述句 考点再现 1.（1）He doesn't play football every afternoon. （2）They didn't go to the park yesterday. （3）She isn't reading a book now. （4）I don't think he will come tomorrow. 2. C 过关训练 1.（1）I don't get up early every morning. （2）We didn't visit the museum last weekend. （3）The children are not playing games. （4）You had better not stay here. 2.（1）He doesn't like eating seafood. （2）We didn't climb the mountain yesterday. （3）I don't think she will come to the party. 考点三 时态一致性 考点再现 1.（1）have （2）bought （3）is knocking （4）will visit/are going to visit 2. C 过关训练 1.（1）likes；is reading （2）don't go；went （3）finished；watched 2.（1）now （2）next week （3）last night （4）every day 考点四 主谓一致 考点再现 1.C 2.（1）is （2）knows （3）are 一、单项选择 答案：1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.B 1. 解析：every afternoon 表示一般现在时，主语 my brother 是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式 plays。故正确答案为 B。 2. 解析：last summer holiday 表示一般过去时，动词用过去式 went。故正确答案为 C。 3. 解析：Look! 是现在进行时标志，结构为 be + doing，用 are flying。故正确答案为 D。 4. 解析：tomorrow 表示一般将来时，用 will + 动词原形 will buy。故正确答案为 D。 5. 解析：主语 he 是第三人称单数，一般现在时否定用 doesn’t + 动词原形。故正确答案为 B。 6. 解析：last night 表示一般过去时，否定用 didn’t + 动词原形 didn’t watch。故正确答案为 C。 7. 解析：客观真理用一般现在时，主语 the earth 是三单，动词用 goes。故正确答案为 B。 8. 解析：milk 是不可数名词，there be 句型用 is。故正确答案为 A。 9. 解析：had better not do sth. 表示 “最好不要做某事”，用 not be。故正确答案为 A。 10. 解析：I think 宾语从句否定前移，变为 I don’t think...。故正确答案为 B 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 答案： 1. sings; sings 2. visited 3. are playing 4. doesn’t like 5. will have / are going to have 2. is cooking 7. didn’t go 8. rises 9. are 10. not run 1. 解析：两句都是一般现在时，主语 she 是三单，动词用三单形式。故正确答案为 sings; sings。 2. 解析：last weekend 是一般过去时标志，动词用过去式。故正确答案为 visited。 3. 解析：Look! 提示现在进行时，结构为 be + doing。故正确答案为 are playing。 4. 解析：主语 he 是三单，一般现在时否定用 doesn’t + 动词原形。故正确答案为 doesn’t like。 5. 解析：next week 是一般将来时标志，用 will + 动词原形。故正确答案为 will have。 6. 解析：now 提示现在进行时，结构为 be + doing。故正确答案为 is cooking。 7. 解析：yesterday 是一般过去时标志，否定用 didn’t + 动词原形。故正确答案为 didn’t go。 8. 解析：客观真理用一般现在时，主语 the sun 是三单。故正确答案为 rises。 9. 解析：there be 句型就近原则，three books 是复数，用 are。故正确答案为 are。 10. 解析：had better not do sth. 直接用 not + 动词原形。故正确答案为 not run。 三、句型转换 答案： 1. He doesn’t play football every afternoon. 2. They didn’t go to school yesterday. 3. She isn’t reading a book now. 4. We won’t have a picnic tomorrow. 5. I don’t think he is a good student. 6. There isn’t any milk in the bottle. 7. He can’t play the piano. 8. You had better not stay here. 9. Does she get up at six every morning? 10. When did they visit the museum? 1. 解析：一般现在时三单否定，用 doesn’t + 动词原形。故正确答案为 He doesn’t play football every afternoon. 2. 解析：一般过去时否定，用 didn’t + 动词原形。故正确答案为 They didn’t go to school yesterday. 3. 解析：现在进行时否定，在 be 动词后加 not。故正确答案为 She isn’t reading a book now. 4. 解析：一般将来时否定，will 变为 won’t + 动词原形。故正确答案为 We won’t have a picnic tomorrow. 5. 解析：I think 从句否定前移，变为 I don’t think...。故正确答案为 I don’t think he is a good student. 6. 解析：there be 句型否定，is 后加 not，some 变 any。故正确答案为 There isn’t any milk in the bottle. 7. 解析：情态动词 can 否定直接加 not，缩写为 can’t。故正确答案为 He can’t play the piano. 8. 解析：had better 否定在后面加 not。故正确答案为 You had better not stay here. 9. 解析：一般现在时三单变一般疑问句，用 Does + 主语 + 动词原形。故正确答案为 Does she get up at six every morning? 10. 解析：对时间提问用 when，一般过去时疑问句用 did + 动词原形。故正确答案为 When did they visit the museum? 四、改错 答案： 1. likes → like 2. went → go 3. some → any 4. to swim → swim 5. have → is 1. 解析：doesn’t 后必须跟动词原形。故正确答案为 likes → like。 2. 解析：didn’t 后必须跟动词原形。故正确答案为 went → go。 3. 解析：否定句中 some 要改为 any。故正确答案为 some → any。 4. 解析：情态动词 can 后直接跟动词原形。故正确答案为 to swim → swim。 5. 解析：there be 句型不能与 have 混用，单数用 is。故正确答案为 have → is。 五、翻译句子 答案： 1. I go to school on foot every day. 2. She bought a storybook yesterday. 3. They are cleaning the classroom. 4. I don’t like eating sweet food, but my mother does. 5. There are some books and a pen on the desk. 1. 解析：every day 用一般现在时，步行是 on foot。故正确答案为 I go to school on foot every day. 2. 解析：yesterday 用一般过去时，buy 的过去式是 bought。故正确答案为 She bought a storybook yesterday. 3. 解析：正在做某事用现在进行时 be + doing。故正确答案为 They are cleaning the classroom. 4. 解析：一般现在时否定用 don’t like，后半句用 does 代指 likes。故正确答案为 I don’t like eating sweet food, but my mother does. 5. 解析：there be 句型就近原则，books 是复数用 are。故正确答案为 There are some books and a pen on the desk. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $