重点知识整理（知识清单）-2025-2026学年译林版（三起）（2012）英语六年级下册

该小学英语小升初知识清单涵盖小学阶段核心词汇、语法及句型，按单元模块化整理，核心词汇标注含义及用法，语法分点解析重点规则，句型提炼课文关键句，体现知识梳理的全面性和重点突出。 亮点在于融合记忆技巧与应用提示，如量词使用口诀“可数名词用few，不可数词用little”，不规则动词表分类整理，语音知识按字母组合汇总，助力学生提升语言能力和学习能力。每个单元重点句型标注应用场景，方便学生快速复习和家长辅导，为教师提供系统教学参考。

译林版英语六年级下册 重点知识整理 适用教材：义务教育教科书·英语（三年级起点）六年级下册 出版社：译林出版社 整理说明：本整理严格依据教材内容，不超纲，涵盖各单元核心词汇、语法及句型。 Unit 1 The lion and the mouse 一、重点词汇 词汇 含义及用法 large adj. 大的（反义词：small） strong adj. 强壮的（反义词：weak） sharp adj. 锋利的，尖锐的 sadly adv. 难过地（sad + ly） loudly adv. 大声地（loud + ly） quietly adv. 安静地（quiet + ly） happily adv. 开心地（happy 变 y 为 i + ly） excitedly adv. 兴奋地（excited + ly） bite v. 咬（过去式：bit） let v. 让（过去式：let） wake v. 叫醒（过去式：woke） 二、重点语法 1. 副词的构成与用法 形容词 + ly → 副词，用于修饰动词，说明动作发生的方式。 happy → happily He laughs happily. sad → sadly The lion asked sadly. quiet → quietly The mouse said quietly. loud → loudly The lion laughed loudly. excited → excitedly Billy and Willy cheer excitedly. 2. 不规则动词过去式 bite → bit（咬） let → let（让） wake → woke（叫醒） 3. 特殊疑问句的语调 以 Wh- 开头的特殊疑问句，句末通常用降调（↓）。 三、重点句型 There was a lion in the forest. He was very large and strong. "Please don't eat me. I can help you some day," said the mouse quietly. "You're so small and weak! How can you help me?" laughed the lion loudly. From then on, the lion and the mouse became friends. Unit 2 Good habits 一、重点词汇 词汇 含义及用法 habit n. 习惯（good habits 好习惯 / bad habits 坏习惯） get up 起床 go to bed 上床睡觉 brush teeth 刷牙 put ... in order 把……整理得井井有条 finish homework 完成作业 messy adj. 凌乱的（反义词：tidy 整洁的） early adv./adj. 早地/早的（反义词：late） never adv. 从不（频率副词） always adv. 总是 usually adv. 通常 often adv. 经常 sometimes adv. 有时 feel sleepy 感到困倦 listen to teachers 听老师的话 help parents 帮助父母 二、重点语法 1. 频率副词的用法 频率副词放在实义动词之前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。 He always puts his things in order. He usually finishes his homework before dinner. He often does his homework late at night. He sometimes feels sleepy in the morning. He never goes to bed late. 2. 副词修饰动词 实义动词 + 副词，表示动作的方式或程度。 walk fast 走得快 do well 做得好 get up early 早起 go to school early 早上学 go to bed late 晚睡 3. 字母组合 or 的发音 /ɔː/ 例词：for, horse, short, sport, morning 三、重点句型 Wang Bing is a good boy. He has many good habits. He gets up early in the morning and never goes to bed late. He brushes his teeth in the morning and before bedtime. At home, Wang Bing always puts his things in order. He usually finishes his homework before dinner. You shouldn't go to bed late, Liu Tao. Unit 3 A healthy diet 一、重点词汇 词汇/短语 含义及用法 healthy diet 健康的饮食 sweets n. 糖果（复数） a lot of 许多（既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词） some 一些（既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词） a few 几个，一些（修饰可数名词复数） a little 一点（修饰不可数名词） bread n. 面包（不可数名词，无复数） milk n. 牛奶（不可数名词） meat n. 肉（不可数名词） rice n. 米饭（不可数名词） water n. 水（不可数名词） juice n. 果汁（不可数名词） vegetables n. 蔬菜（可数名词复数） eggs n. 鸡蛋（可数名词复数） noodles n. 面条（常用复数） porridge n. 粥（不可数名词） steamed buns 馒头 cereal n. 麦片 二、重点语法 1. 量词辨析 a lot of = lots of：许多，大量（可数/不可数均可） some：一些（用于肯定句，可数/不可数均可） a few：几个，一些（只修饰可数名词复数） a little：少量，一点（只修饰不可数名词） a lot of noodles / a lot of rice / a lot of meat some vegetables / some bread / some water a few eggs / a few apples a little water / a little milk / a little rice 2. 不可数名词（不加 s/es） 常见不可数名词：bread, juice, meat, milk, rice, water 3. 可数名词复数加 es 的特殊情况 以 o 结尾的名词，有生命的加 es：mango → mangoes, potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes 4. 字母组合 ou 的发音 /aʊ/ 例词：about, house, mouth, out, shout, mouse 三、重点句型 Mike likes eating sweets, cakes and ice cream. He does not like drinking water. He only drinks a little water every day. Mike has some bread and milk for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, he has a lot of rice, some fish and some meat. He has a few eggs every week. Yang Ling often has a lot of noodles for breakfast. She only eats a little rice. Unit 4 Road safety 一、重点词汇 词汇 含义及用法 road safety 道路安全 zebra crossing 斑马线 traffic lights 交通信号灯 green man 绿灯（行人通行信号） red man 红灯（行人禁止通行信号） pavement n. 人行道 look for 寻找 look at 看 look left/right 向左/右看 look out for 当心，留意 wait for 等待 cross the road 过马路 must 必须（情态动词，后接动词原形） mustn't = must not 禁止，不可以 can 可以，能够 can't = cannot 不能，不可以 二、重点语法 1. 情态动词 must / mustn't must 表示"必须"，mustn't 表示"禁止/不可以"，后均接动词原形。 You must look for a zebra crossing. You must look at the traffic lights and wait for the green man. You mustn't cross the road now.（= must not） You must not play on the road. 2. 情态动词 can / can't / cannot can 表示"可以/能够"，can't / cannot 表示"不能/不可以"。 You can cross the road now. You can wait on the pavement. You can cross the road with other people. You can't cross the road here. You cannot find a zebra crossing. 3. 安全过马路步骤（课文核心内容） 1. First, look for a zebra crossing. 2. Then, look at the traffic lights and wait for the green man. 3. If there is no zebra crossing, wait on the pavement. 4. First look left,First look left, then look right, then look left again. 5. You can also cross the road with other people. 三、重点句型 There are many busy roads in the city. How can you cross them safely? First, you must look for a zebra crossing. Can you see the red man? You mustn't cross the road now. Look! Here's the green man. You can cross the road now. You must first look left, then right and then left again. You must not play on the road because there are many cars and bikes. Follow the rules and stay safe on the road! 一、字母组合发音 字母组合 发音 例词 or /ɔː/ for, horse, short, sport, morning ou /aʊ/ about, house, mouth, out, shout, mouse 二、语调规则 Wh-questions（特殊疑问句）：句末用降调 ↓ 例：Where are you going? ↓ What do you want to buy? ↓ 三、不规则动词表 原形 过去式 含义 bite bit 咬 let let 让 wake woke 叫醒 附录：重点语法框架 一、副词构成规则 1. 一般情况：形容词 + ly → 副词 quiet → quietly, sad → sadly, loud → loudly 2. 以 y 结尾：变 y 为 i + ly happy → happily, excited → excitedly 二、量词使用口诀 可数名词用 few，不可数词用 little； a lot of 和 some，可数不可数都行。 三、情态动词用法 情态动词 含义 例句 must 必须 You must look for a zebra crossing. mustn't 禁止 You mustn't play on the road. can 可以/能 You can cross the road now. can't/cannot 不能 You can't cross the road here. Unit 5 A party 一、重点词汇 词汇/短语 含义及用法 party n. 聚会，派对 have a party 举办派对 Children's Day 儿童节 begin v. 开始（过去式：began） end v. 结束（过去式：ended） clown n. 小丑 appear v. 出现（过去式：appeared） balloon n. 气球 gift/present n. 礼物 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 play the guitar 弹吉他 tell a joke 讲笑话 put on a play 表演戏剧 have a good time 玩得开心 be going to 打算，将要（一般将来时） 二、重点语法 1. 一般将来时 be going to 表示计划、打算做某事，或根据迹象判断即将发生的事。 结构：主语 + be (am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形 I'm going to bring some fruit. He is going to play the piano. We are going to have a party at Mike's house. They are going to put on a play. Are you going to the party? Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. What are you going to do for the party? 2. 一般将来时与一般现在时的区别 一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作 一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性的动作 3. 字母组合 ow 的发音 /əʊ/ 例词：know, show, snow, window, yellow, tomorrow 三、重点句型 1.We're going to have a party at Mike's house. 2.What are you going to do for the party? 3.I'm going to bring some snacks and drinks. 4.He is going to play the piano at the party. 5.They are going to put on a play. 6.We are going to have a good time. 7.When's the party going to begin? 8.It's going to begin at three o'clock. Unit 6 An interesting country 一、重点词汇 词汇/短语 含义及用法 country n. 国家（复数：countries） Australia n. 澳大利亚 interesting adj. 有趣的 kangaroo n. 袋鼠（复数：kangaroos） koala n. 考拉（复数：koalas） sport-lover n. 运动爱好者 Australian football 澳式橄榄球 Sydney n. 悉尼（澳大利亚城市） welcome v. 欢迎 adj. 受欢迎的 visitor n. 游客，参观者 magazine n. 杂志 find out 发现，查明 ask...about... 询问关于…… on the Internet 在网上 read about 阅读关于…… before prep./conj. 在……之前 will 情态动词，将要（一般将来时标志） 二、重点语法 1. 一般将来时 will 表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，常表示预测、意愿或决定。 结构：主语 + will + 动词原形（will 可用于所有人称） I'll = I will You'll = You will He'll = He will She'll = She will We'll = We will They'll = They will I will ask my e-friend about Australia. You will find many interesting things. She will read about Australia on the Internet. Will you go to Australia? Yes, I will. / No, I won't. What will you do? 2. be going to 与 will 的区别 be going to：表示事先计划、打算好的事情 will：表示临时决定、预测或承诺 3. 一般将来时的疑问句和否定句 疑问句：Will + 主语 + 动词原形？ 否定句：主语 + will not / won't + 动词原形 4. 字母组合 air 的发音 /eə/ 例词：hair, chair, pair, fair, stair 三、重点句型 9.I'll ask my e-friend about Australia. 10.You'll find many interesting things in Australia. 11.Sport-lovers will like Australian football games. 12.People in Australia welcome visitors. 13.I want to find out about this country before the lessons. 14.Will you go to Australia one day? 15.I think I will. Unit 7 Summer holiday plans 一、重点词汇 词汇/短语 含义及用法 summer holiday 暑假（= summer vacation） plan n./v. 计划 go back to 回到 go to Beijing 去北京 go by plane 乘飞机去 go by train 乘火车去 stay in a hotel 住酒店 visit the Great Wall 参观长城 visit the Palace Museum 参观故宫 visit the Summer Palace 参观颐和园 visit Tiananmen Square 参观天安门广场 visit the Bund 参观外滩 visit the Shanghai Museum 参观上海博物馆 visit the Ocean Park 参观海洋公园 visit Disneyland 参观迪士尼乐园 go to beach 去海滩 go to the farm 去农场 go to the cinema 去电影院 go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船 go camping 去野营 have a picnic 去野餐 for a month 持续一个月 for a week 持续一周 二、重点语法 1. 一般将来时 will 的用法（复习与拓展） will + 动词原形，表示将来的计划、打算或预测。 Where will you go for the holiday? I'll go back to London. How long will you stay there? I'll stay there for a month. Who will you go with? I'll go with my parents. What will you do there? I'll visit the Great Wall. 2. 特殊疑问词 + will What will you do? 你将要做什么？ Where will you go? 你将要去哪里？ How long will you stay? 你将要待多久？ Who will you go with? 你将和谁一起去？ 3. 表示一段时间的介词 for for + 一段时间，表示动作持续的时间长度。 for a month 一个月 for a week 一周 for two days 两天 for three years 三年 4. 字母组合 oy 的发音 /ɔɪ/ 例词：boy, toy, enjoy, annoy 三、重点句型 16.Where will you go for the summer holiday? 17.I'll go back to London. 18.How long will you stay there? 19.I'll stay there for a month. 20.Who will you go with? 21.I'll go with my parents. 22.What will you do there? 23.I'll visit the Great Wall and the Palace Museum. 24.Will you go to Beijing by plane? 25.Yes, I will. / No, I won't. Unit 8 Our dreams 一、重点词汇 词汇/短语 含义及用法 dream n. 梦想（复数：dreams） future n. 将来，未来 in the future 在将来 care about 关心，在乎 astronaut n. 宇航员 spaceship n. 宇宙飞船 football player 足球运动员 World Cup 世界杯 dancer n. 舞蹈家 pianist n. 钢琴家 scientist n. 科学家 painting n. 绘画，油画 come true 实现 want to be 想要成为 want to do 想要做 study hard 努力学习 read more books 多读书 play the piano well 钢琴弹得好 fly to the Moon 飞往月球 paint nice pictures 画漂亮的画 make people happy 使人们开心 make people healthy 使人们健康 make the world better 让世界更美好 二、重点语法 1. want to be / want to do want to be + 职业：想要成为…… want to do + 动词原形：想要做…… I want to be a scientist. I want to be a football player. I want to fly to the Moon. I want to paint nice pictures. I want to make people happy and healthy. What do you want to be in the future? I want to be a pianist. I want to play the piano well. 2. 一般将来时 will 表示梦想 用 will 表达对未来的憧憬和梦想。 I'll study hard and read more books. I'll play football every day. I'll paint nice pictures. I want to make my dream come true. 3. 连读（Linking）知识 在句子中，相邻的词如果前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，可以连读。 例：want to → wan-ta study every → stu-dy-e-very 4. 句子重读（Stress） 句子中的实词（名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词）通常需要重读。 例：I want to be a SCIENTIST.（scientist 重读） 三、重点句型 26.What do you want to be in the future? 27.I want to be a scientist. 28.I want to fly to the Moon in a spaceship. 29.I want to be a football player. I want to play in the World Cup. 30.I want to be a pianist. I want to play the piano well. 31.I want to be a dancer. I want to dance well. 32.I want to make people happy and healthy. 33.I'll study hard and read more books. 34.I want to make my dream come true. 35.We should care about our dreams. 一、一般将来时总结 1. be going to（Unit 5） 用法：表示计划、打算好的事情 结构：主语 + be + going to + 动词原形 例：I'm going to bring some fruit. / We are going to have a party. 根据现有迹象预判即将发生（Look! It’s going to rain.） 2. will（Unit 6-8） 用法：表示预测、临时决定、意愿或将来发生的动作will 也可表示提前规划好的计划 结构：主语 + will + 动词原形（will 无人称变化） 例：I will ask my e-friend. / Where will you go? 3. be going to 与 will 对比 项目 be going to will 含义 计划、打算（已决定） 预测、临时决定、意愿 时间 近期 将来任何时间 例句 I'm going to visit Beijing. I think it will rain tomorrow. 二、语音知识汇总 字母组合 发音 例词 ow /əʊ/ know, show, snow, window, yellow, tomorrow air /eə/ hair, chair, pair, fair, stair oy /ɔɪ/ boy, toy, enjoy, annoy 三、重点句型结构 36.What are you going to do? → I'm going to + 动词原形. 37.Where will you go? → I'll go to + 地点. 38.How long will you stay? → I'll stay for + 一段时间. 39.Who will you go with? → I'll go with + 某人. 40.What do you want to be? → I want to be a/an + 职业. 41.What do you want to do? → I want to + 动词原形. 四、不规则动词补充 原形 过去式 含义 begin began 开始 is/am was 是 are were 是 go went 去 do did 做 have had 有 see saw 看见 say said 说 get got 得到 make made 制作 come came 来 take took 带走 eat ate 吃 give gave 给 write wrote 写 第 1 页 共 21 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $