Unit 7 Role models of our time（话题阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版七年级下册

Unit 7 Role models of our time 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文 阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 195 讲述 “中国核潜艇之父” 黄旭华的生平事迹。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 235 介绍铁路专家单杏花，她带队研发 12306 售票平台，方便民众出行购票。 实战 演练 Passage1 语法选择 说明文 196 介绍水稻种植区域，以及袁隆平杂交水稻的相关贡献。 Passage2 完形填空 记叙文 242 介绍 92 岁种瓜科学家吴明珠的事迹。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 189 讲述科学家李振声的童年经历、从业时长，以及在小麦研究上的成就。 Passage4 阅读理解 记叙文 218 主要讲述了在2026年米兰冬奥会上，中国单板滑雪运动员苏翊鸣夺冠的经历。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 221 介绍饺子、梁文锋、王兴兴等青年，在文化、科技领域成绩突出，是青年榜样。 Passage6 阅读理解 记叙文 262 介绍科学家霍金的生平、科研成就与顽强的意志品质。 Passage7 六选五 说明文 276 讲述樊锦诗扎根敦煌一生，守护研究莫高窟，被誉为 “敦煌的女儿”。 Passage8 阅读问答 记叙文 155 介绍航天先驱钱学森的求学经历、归国奉献及荣誉成就。 Passage 1时文阅读 Remembering Academician Huang Xuhua Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇),” passed away on February 6, 2025, at the age of 99. For decades, he worked in secret to develop China’s first nuclear submarine. To protect his mission, he could not go back home for 30 years, even missing his father’s funeral (葬礼). His family did not know what he was doing until his work came out in 1987.      In 1958, Huang joined China’s nuclear submarine project. Without advanced tools, his team used abacuses (算盘) to do the complex math. They succeeded in 1970, making China the fifth country with nuclear submarines. Huang even risked his life in 1988 by diving to test a submarine’s limits, saying, “I must go with the crew to ensure their safety.”      When the job was all done, Huang donated (捐赠) nearly all his prize money, over 20 million yuan, to support science and education. He once said, “My achievements belong to the nation, not me.” Even in his final years, he kept working to document China’s submarine history. Thousands of people attended his funeral, and children left messages like. “We will learn from your spirit!” 黄旭华，被誉为 “中国核潜艇之父”，于 2025 年 2 月 6 日逝世，享年 99 岁。几十年来，他隐姓埋名、秘密投身研制中国第一艘核潜艇。为了守护肩负的使命，他整整 30 年不能回家，甚至错过了父亲的葬礼。直到 1987 年他的工作身份公开，家人才知道他一直在从事什么工作。 1958 年，黄旭华加入中国核潜艇研制工程。当时没有先进设备，他带领团队靠算盘完成了繁杂的数学运算。1970 年项目取得成功，使中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。1988 年，黄旭华甚至冒着生命危险下潜，测试潜艇极限性能，他说：“我必须和艇员一同下潜，保障他们的安全。” 功成之后，黄旭华将自己几乎全部的奖金 —— 两千多万元人民币捐献出去，用于支持科教事业。他曾说：“我的一切成就都属于国家，不属于个人。” 即便到了晚年，他仍坚持整理编撰中国核潜艇发展史。成千上万的民众前来送别，青少年们纷纷留言：“我们会传承学习您的精神！” 1．According to paragraph 1, Huang Xuhua did not ________ during his 30-year work. ①visit his family     ② keep his job secret     ③ design (设计) submarines ④attend his father’s funeral     ⑤make his parents proud A．①④ B．②⑤ C．③⑤ D．②④ 2．After finishing the nuclear submarine project, Huang Xuhua ________. A．retired and traveled the world B．kept working for new submarine designs C．donated his money to science and education D．wrote a book about his childhood 3．What kind of person is Huang Xuhua according to the passage? A．Clever and playful. B．Strong and friendly. C．Smart and careful. D．Dangerous and scary. 4．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua? A．Money is the key to happiness. B．Devotion to a great work counts. C．Fame is more important than family. D．Technology can solve all problems 5．The best title for the passage is ________. A．“A Scientist’s Hobbies” B．“The History of Nuclear Power” C．“How to Build a Submarine” D．“A Hero of the Deep” 【重难词汇梳理】 重难词汇 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 nuclear /ˈnjuːkliə(r)/adj. 核的 submarine /ˌsʌbməˈriːn/n. 潜艇 decade /ˈdekeɪd/n. 十年 mission /ˈmɪʃn/n. 使命；任务 funeral /ˈfjuːnərəl/n. 葬礼 complex /ˈkɒmpleks/adj. 复杂的 risk /rɪsk/v. 冒着…… 危险 dive /daɪv/v. 潜水；下潜 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/v. 确保；保证 donate /dəʊˈneɪt/v. 捐赠 achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/n. 成就 document /ˈdɒkjumənt/v. 记录；编撰 重点短语 be known as 被誉为；作为…… 而出名 pass away 去世；逝世 at the age of 在…… 岁时 for decades 几十年来 in secret 秘密地；暗中 go back home 回家 come out 公开；面世 succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 risk one’s life 冒着生命危险 prize money 奖金 belong to 属于 learn from 向…… 学习 【长难句分析】 1. Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines,” passed away on February 6, 2025, at the age of 99. 译文：被誉为 “中国核潜艇之父” 的黄旭华，于 2025 年 2 月 6 日逝世，享年 99 岁。 句子结构分析：主谓语简单句。主干：Huang Xuhua passed away；known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” 过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰主语；on February 6, 2025 和 at the age of 99 均作时间状语。 2. His family did not know what he was doing until his work came out in 1987. 译文：直到 1987 年他的工作身份公开，家人才知道他一直在做什么。 句子结构分析：含宾语从句和时间状语从句的复合句。主句：His family did not know；what he was doing 是宾语从句，作 know 的宾语；until his work came out in 1987 由 until 引导时间状语从句，表 “直到…… 才”。 3. When the job was all done, Huang donated nearly all his prize money, over 20 million yuan, to support science and education. 译文：事业圆满完成后，黄旭华将自己几乎全部奖金 —— 两千多万元人民币捐献出来，用以支持科教事业。 句子结构分析：复合句。When the job was all done 由 When 引导时间状语从句； 主句主干：Huang donated nearly all his prize money；over 20 million yuan 作同位语，补充说明奖金数额； to support science and education 不定式短语作目的状语。 Passage 2 Shan Xinghua is a pioneer in the development of China’s railway ticket-buying system (系统). Thanks to her, we can buy train tickets online in seconds now. People call her the “super brain” of China’s railway technology. Shan grew up in a small village in Jiangxi. She studied hard and became the first college student from her village. In 1996, Shan went to East China Jiaotong University for her master’s degree. There, she joined a special team developing China’s first train ticket computer system. Shan was the youngest member, but she showed her talent quickly through hard work and new ideas. In 2011, 12306, China’s first online ticket system, was launched. However, during the Spring Festival travel rush of 2012, it experienced big problems. Millions of people tried to buy tickets at the same time, and the system almost broke down. Shan led her team to work day and night for 50 days to fix the problems. “It was like fixing a plane while it was flying!” she later said. Today, 12306 is one of the world’s best ticket systems. It has more than 700 million users and sells over 3 billion tickets every year. Through its continuous upgrades, it provides better travel experiences. Passengers (乘客) can get on trains by scanning (扫描) their faces, order food for the trips, and even buy farmers’ products online. All these changes make travel much easier. 单杏花是中国铁路售票系统研发领域的先驱。多亏了她，我们如今只需几秒钟就能在网上购买火车票。人们称她为中国铁路科技的 “超级大脑”。 单杏花在江西的一个小村庄长大。她学习刻苦，成了村里第一位大学生。1996 年，单杏花进入华东交通大学攻读硕士学位。在校期间，她加入了一个专项团队，研发中国首个火车票计算机售票系统。她是团队里最年轻的成员，却凭借刻苦钻研与创新想法，很快展露了自身才华。 2011 年，中国首个网上售票系统 12306 正式上线。然而在 2012 年春运期间，该系统出现了严重故障。数百万人同时抢票，系统近乎瘫痪。单杏花带领团队日夜奋战 50 天，攻克了这些难题。她后来感慨道：“这就好比飞机还在飞行时，就要给它检修故障！” 如今，12306 已跻身全球最优质的票务系统之列。它拥有超 7 亿用户，每年售票量超 30 亿张。经过持续升级优化，它为人们带来了更优质的出行体验。乘客可以刷脸进站、预订旅途餐食，甚至在线选购农产品。这些变革都让出行变得便捷了许多。 1．Why is Shan called the “super brain” of China’s railway technology? A．She invented the first high-speed railway. B．She changed the way to buy train tickets. C．She buys a lot of train tickets every year. D．She helps to improve internet technology. 2．What is the correct order of Shan’s life journey? a. She went to university.    b. She helped to develop 12306. c. She joined a special team.    d. She grew up in a small village. A．c→b→a→d. B．d→a→c→b. C．c→d→b→a. D．d→b→c→a. 3．Which word BEST describes Shan according to paragraph 3? A．Curious. B．Creative. C．Honest. D．Hardworking. 4．What do the changes of 12306 bring to its users? A．Easier trips. B．Cheaper tickets. C．Faster trains. D．Fewer products. 5．Which topic does the passage focus on? A．Our animal friends B．Role models of our time C．Follow your interests D．Travelling around Asia 【重难词汇梳理】 重难词汇 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n. 先驱；开拓者 railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/n. 铁路 system /ˈsɪstəm/n. 系统 second /ˈsekənd/n. 秒 talent /ˈtælənt/n. 天赋；才能 launch /lɔːntʃ/v. 推出；上线；发射 experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/v. 遭遇；经历 n. 经历；体验 break down 出故障；瘫痪 continuous /kənˈtɪnjuəs/adj. 持续的；连续的 upgrade /ˈʌpɡreɪd/n.&v. 升级；更新 passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/n. 乘客 scan /skæn/v. 扫描 重点短语 thanks to 多亏；由于 in seconds 立刻；几秒钟内 grow up 长大；成长 master’s degree 硕士学位 join a team 加入团队 show one’s talent 展露才华 Spring Festival travel rush 春运 at the same time 同时 work day and night 日夜奋战 fix the problems 解决难题 continuous upgrades 持续升级 provide better travel experiences 提供更好的出行体验 【长难句分析】 1.There, she joined a special team developing China’s first train ticket computer system. 译文：在那里，她加入了一个研发中国首个火车票计算机系统的专项团队。 结构分析：主谓宾简单句。主语 she，谓语 joined，宾语 a special team；developing China’s first train ticket computer system 现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 team。 2.Passengers can get on trains by scanning their faces, order food for the trips, and even buy farmers’ products online. 译文：乘客可以刷脸进站、预订旅途餐食，甚至在网上购买农产品。 结构分析：主谓结构，含三个并列谓语：can get on、(can) order、(can) buy；by scanning their faces 介词短语作方式状语；for the trips 作后置定语，online 作地点状语。 实战演练 Passage 1 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 People all over the world eat rice. Millions of people in Asia, Africa and South America live on it. Rice is 1 kind of plant. There 2 more than 7,000 kinds of rice. Rice grows in 3 countries, even in the south of the United States and in Eastern Australia. China is 4 rice-growing country in the world. China grows millions of tons of rice every year, but 5 is not easy to feed its large population (人口). In the 1960s, thousands of Chinese people died 6 they didn’t have enough food to eat. In the 1970s, Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist, grew a new kind of rice called hybrid rice (杂交水稻). It makes 20% more rice than any 7 land. Hybrid rice is a strong plant. Today, half of China’s rice plants are Yuan’s special hybrid rice. China uses Yuan’s hybrid rice 8 much more rice than before. Yuan is known 9 the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He won the World Food Prize for his work to help feed so many people in 2004. As he got his Lifetime Achievement Award (终身成就奖), Yuan said that lifetime achievement means 10 all your life. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．is B．are C．was D．were 3．A．few B．little C．many D．much 4．A．large B．larger C．the largest D．largest 5．A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself 6．A．and B．but C．so D．because 7．A．the other B．other C．the others D．others 8．A．grow B．grows C．growing D．to grow 9．A．at B．on C．as D．to 10．A．work B．working C．works D．to work Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思完整、句子通顺。 Watermelons are one of the most popular fruits in China. It’s said that Chinese people 1 nearly 70% of the watermelons on the earth. As we enjoy the sweet (甜的) watermelons, we have to 2 a great woman Wu Mingzhu. This 92-year-old 3 has devoted (致力) her life to growing melons in China. Wu grew up in Wuhan. In the eyes of others, Wu should have worked as a teacher after finishing university in 1953, but she 4 to go to Xinjiang. She thought Xinjiang was a good place for her to do something 5 . In 1955, Wu went to Xinjiang to study melons. 6 it was hard to live and work there at the time, she didn’t give up (放弃). She spent three years 7 Xinjiang and found 44 kinds of melons. In the 1990s, Wu and her team cultivated (培育) “8424”, a great kind of watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Then Wu brought it to the north of China. 8 , Wu went to more places to study melons. Thanks to her, most places in China grow melons now. The yield (产量) is high and the 9 is naturally low (低), so people can eat melons as they wish. Wu’s work has made a great difference to the growing of melons in China. “My life is to grow a few melons and 10 the sweetness of melons to people,” Wu always says. 1．A．drink B．make C．eat D．save 2．A．miss B．thank C．meet D．help 3．A．scientist B．seller C．musician D．worker 4．A．decided B．remembered C．discussed D．found 5．A．real B．great C．simple D．similar 6．A．When B．Because C．Although D．If 7．A．learning from B．going around C．looking for D．hearing about 8．A．Later B．However C．Once D．Again 9．A．environment B．price C．taste D．service 10．A．write B．pay C．sing D．give Passage 3 Li Zhensheng, a famous Chinese scientist, got a special award for helping grow high-yield wheat (高产小麦). He is 93 years old and has worked for over 70 years to make sure there is enough food for everyone in China. Li was born in 1931 in Zibo, Shandong Province. He saw a terrible famine in the early 1940s. This gave him a deep love for food and a wish to make sure that Chinese people would never go hungry. “I got enough food to eat and could go to university. I couldn’t think about these when I was a child,” Li said. After finishing school, he began studying wheat. He made new types of wheat. They were strong against terrible weather and other difficulties. His best-known wheat is called Xiaoyan. It helps farmers get more food. By 2003, China had planted more than 300 million mu of Xiaoyan wheat, adding more than 7.5 million tons of food. Though Li couldn’t work in the fields anymore, he still taught young scientists about wheat growing and studying. He even gave away his award prize to set up a student scholarship fund. 1．How many years has Li Zhensheng been working for? A．About 23 years. B．Less than 50 years. C．Over 70 years. D．About 93 years. 2．What does the underlined word “famine” mean in Chinese? A．饥荒 B．干旱 C．洪水 D．海啸 3．How was Li Zhensheng’s life when he was a child? A．Fun. B．Happy. C．Hard. D．Boring. 4．How does the writer show Li’s achievements (成就) in wheat? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By showing pictures. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Introduction of a Famous Scientist. B．The Meaning of Studying Wheat C．The History of Chinese Wheat Planting D．The Importance of Food Safety Passage 4 The 2026 Milan-Cortina Winter Olympics (冬奥会) were held in Italy from February 6 to February 22, 2026. All Chinese people felt excited because of a young snowboarder—Su Yiming. On February 18, Su Yiming took part in the men’s snowboard slopestyle (单板滑雪坡面障碍技巧) final. The game was very competitive. There were many excellent players from different countries. They all came to Italy with the best skills and hopes. In his first run, Su Yiming showed perfect jumps and great skills. He finished very well and got 82.41 points. This score helped him get into first place. During the game, Su kept calm and was not afraid of difficulties. He tried his best to show his talent to the world. At last, Su Yiming won the gold medal. He became a hero in many people’s hearts. People cheered for him and felt really proud. Su loves snowboarding very much. He practices hard every day, even in bad weather. He often practices for many hours and never gives up. He says sports make him strong and happy. He also hopes more young people can do sports and keep healthy. Many middle school students like Su Yiming. They learn a lot from him. His story tells us that if we work hard for our dreams, they can come true one day. 1．When did Su Yiming win the gold medal? A．On March 22, 2026. B．On February 18, 2026. C．On February 6, 2026. D．In January 2026. 2．What was Su Yiming like during the game? A．He was afraid of difficulties. B．He kept calm and did his best. C．He was worried about his score. D．He didn’t show his talent. 3．What can we learn from Su Yiming? A．We should practice in good weather only. B．We should give up when things are difficult. C．Working hard can make our dreams come true. D．Doing sports can’t make us strong. 4．What does the underlined word “run” mean here? A．跑步 B．一轮滑行 C．跑道 D．比赛项目 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The 2026 Winter Olympics in Italy. B．How to practice snowboarding well. C．Su Yiming won gold and his spirit. D．Su Yiming’s favorite sports. Passage 5 Have you watched the cartoon film Ne Zha 2? Have you heard of DeepSeek and “Yang BOT” recently? Surprisingly, they are all created by young power who are leading China to a better future. Let’s take a look at what achievements they have made. Yang Yu (Jiao Zi), the director of Ne Zha 2 was born in 1980 in Sichuan province. Just like Ne Zha, he faced many difficulties. It took him five years to create this film. After the movie came out, it broke the box office (票房) in Chinese film history and became a hit. Born in 1985 in a small town in Guangdong province, Liang Wenfeng showed a strong interest in AI technology from a young age. He founded DeepSeek in 2023. Now DeepSeek’s app has become one of the most downloaded (下载) free apps in the world. Wang Xingxing comes from Zhejiang Province. He set up Unitree, a world famous technology company. It developed the robots used in the dance performance “Yang BOT”. These robots are not only for fun but also help in different tasks, such as carrying heavy objects and even taking part in rescue. These young people are hard-working and not afraid to try new things, facing challenges bravely. They are truly role models and their success is an inspiration to us. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By describing pictures. D．By making comparisons. 2．What does the underlined phrase “became a hit” mean in paragraph 2? A．Became different. B．Became popular. C．Became interesting. D．Became difficult. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．These young people are role models of our time. B．These young people were all born in the same province. C．“Yang BOT” is a kind of AI app developed by Liang Wenfeng. D．Wang Xingxing was interested in AI technology when he was young. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Four achievements in Chinese history. B．Different people have different dreams. C．China’s great success in sports and science. D．Young power, leading the future in culture and technology. Passage 6 Science genius Hawking passes away at 76． Stephen Hawking was a British scientist. Many people think he was the greatest scientist since Albert Einstein. On March 14, Hawking died in Cambridge, UK. He was 76. As a scientist, Hawking was most famous for studying black holes. He thought that the universe started with the Big Bang and will end in black holes. Black holes suck up (吸进) everything around them—even light. But he believed that black holes will disappear one day. Hawking’s put his whole life into studying the beginning (and the end) of the universe (宇宙). “My goal is simple,” Hawking once said. “It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all.” He also wrote books to help more people understand the universe. A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》) is his most popular book. However, people admire (羡慕) Hawking not only because of his talents. They also admire him because of his strong will． Hawking had a serious illness for his whole life, starting from when he was 21. He could not walk or talk. For some time, he had no way to talk with others except by blinking. Later, he was able to “speak” using a computerized voice (电脑语音)． However, his illness didn’t stop him from living a meaningful life. He traveled around the world. He wrote books. He even played himself on many TV shows． Just as his children said after his death, Hawking’s works and legacy will live on for many years． 1．Where does Stephen Hawking come from? A．The USA． B．The UK． C．Canada． D．UN． 2．Which of the following is NOT Hawking’s study about black holes? A．The universe began with the Big Bang． B．The universe will be over in black holes． C．That black holes will disappear one day． D．Black holes suck up something around them． 3．What does the underlined pronoun “it” stand for? A．The goal． B．The magic． C．The universe． D．The book． 4．How did Hawking talk with others? A．He couldn’t talk with others at all． B．He only talked with others by blinking． C．He could talk by writing books． D．He could speak by using computerized voice． 5．What did Hawking not do during his life? A．He wrote books named A Brief History of Time? B．He played himself on many TV shows． C．He just traveled around the UK． D．He could walk and talk when he was 16 years old． Passage 7 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 She is a great Chinese woman. She has spent almost all her life in Dunhuang, studying and protecting the 1,600-year-old Mogao Grottoes. People call her the “Daughter of Dunhuang”. 1 Born in 1938, Fan grew up in Shanghai. After graduating from the Department of History, Peking University in 1963, she came to Dunhuang and worked at Dunhuang Academy (研究院). She became head of the Academy in 1998. When Fan first came to Dunhuang, it was a poor village and life there was really hard. 2 She and some workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and controlled the number of visitors. “The longer I’ve stayed here, the deeper my love has grown for Dunhuang,” Fan said. 3 One of them is “Digital (数字的) Dunhuang”. It gives people a new way to seethe caves without destroying (破坏) them. Under Fan’s leadership, Dunhuang Academy has grown into the world’s largest organization for Dunhuang studies. From a 25-year-old girl to a white-haired lady, Fan has spent over 55 years in Dunhuang. 4 She was honored as one of CCTV’s “People Who Moved China in 2019”. Fan wrote a book named Dunhuang Is Where My Heart Belongs: Fan Jinshi’s Self-Narration. 5 In the book, she talks about her personal experiences and her relationship with the Mogao Grottoes. If you want to learn more about her, you should read it. A．It came out in 2019. B．Her name is Fan Jinshi. C．Her great work was widely noticed. D．Although she missed life in Shanghai, she stayed. E．Now 86-year-old Fan Jinshi lives a peaceful life. F．Fan started many projects to protect the Mogao Grottoes. Passage 8 Qian Xuesen, a pioneer in China’s aerospace, was well-respected and achieved great honour. Born in Shanghai in 1911, he studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He spent years furthering his education in the USA, earning a doctorate in Aerospace Engineering and Mathematics in 1939. He then spent many years teaching and doing research at universities in the USA． Qian decided to return to China in 1955. Once home, he worked tirelessly to raise the level of China’s science and technology. One of his key achievements was in the field of aerospace engineering. He played a key role in developing China’s first rocket, which helped China become one of the few countries to explore space. He is called the “father of China’s aerospace” and “king of rockets”. Qian devoted himself to his country and his work brought honour and success to China. He lived a simple life and was not interested in fame or money. 1．Where did Qian Xuesen study engineering? 2．When did Qian decide to return to China? 3．How did Qian work once home? 4．What else is Qian called besides (除……之外) “father of China’s aerospace”? 5．What life did Qian live? $Unit 7 Role models of our time话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文 阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 195 讲述 “中国核潜艇之父” 黄旭华的生平事迹。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 235 介绍铁路专家单杏花，她带队研发 12306 售票平台，方便民众出行购票。 实战 演练 Passage1 语法选择 说明文 196 介绍水稻种植区域，以及袁隆平杂交水稻的相关贡献。 Passage2 完形填空 记叙文 242 介绍 92 岁种瓜科学家吴明珠的事迹。 Passage3 阅读理解 记叙文 189 讲述科学家李振声的童年经历、从业时长，以及在小麦研究上的成就。 Passage4 阅读理解 记叙文 218 主要讲述了在2026年米兰冬奥会上，中国单板滑雪运动员苏翊鸣夺冠的经历。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 221 介绍饺子、梁文锋、王兴兴等青年，在文化、科技领域成绩突出，是青年榜样。 Passage6 阅读理解 记叙文 262 介绍科学家霍金的生平、科研成就与顽强的意志品质。 Passage7 六选五 说明文 276 讲述樊锦诗扎根敦煌一生，守护研究莫高窟，被誉为 “敦煌的女儿”。 Passage8 阅读问答 记叙文 155 介绍航天先驱钱学森的求学经历、归国奉献及荣誉成就。 Passage 1时文阅读 Remembering Academician Huang Xuhua Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇),” passed away on February 6, 2025, at the age of 99. For decades, he worked in secret to develop China’s first nuclear submarine. To protect his mission, he could not go back home for 30 years, even missing his father’s funeral (葬礼). His family did not know what he was doing until his work came out in 1987.      In 1958, Huang joined China’s nuclear submarine project. Without advanced tools, his team used abacuses (算盘) to do the complex math. They succeeded in 1970, making China the fifth country with nuclear submarines. Huang even risked his life in 1988 by diving to test a submarine’s limits, saying, “I must go with the crew to ensure their safety.”      When the job was all done, Huang donated (捐赠) nearly all his prize money, over 20 million yuan, to support science and education. He once said, “My achievements belong to the nation, not me.” Even in his final years, he kept working to document China’s submarine history. Thousands of people attended his funeral, and children left messages like. “We will learn from your spirit!” 黄旭华，被誉为 “中国核潜艇之父”，于 2025 年 2 月 6 日逝世，享年 99 岁。几十年来，他隐姓埋名、秘密投身研制中国第一艘核潜艇。为了守护肩负的使命，他整整 30 年不能回家，甚至错过了父亲的葬礼。直到 1987 年他的工作身份公开，家人才知道他一直在从事什么工作。 1958 年，黄旭华加入中国核潜艇研制工程。当时没有先进设备，他带领团队靠算盘完成了繁杂的数学运算。1970 年项目取得成功，使中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。1988 年，黄旭华甚至冒着生命危险下潜，测试潜艇极限性能，他说：“我必须和艇员一同下潜，保障他们的安全。” 功成之后，黄旭华将自己几乎全部的奖金 —— 两千多万元人民币捐献出去，用于支持科教事业。他曾说：“我的一切成就都属于国家，不属于个人。” 即便到了晚年，他仍坚持整理编撰中国核潜艇发展史。成千上万的民众前来送别，青少年们纷纷留言：“我们会传承学习您的精神！” 1．According to paragraph 1, Huang Xuhua did not ________ during his 30-year work. ①visit his family     ② keep his job secret     ③ design (设计) submarines ④attend his father’s funeral     ⑤make his parents proud A．①④ B．②⑤ C．③⑤ D．②④ 2．After finishing the nuclear submarine project, Huang Xuhua ________. A．retired and traveled the world B．kept working for new submarine designs C．donated his money to science and education D．wrote a book about his childhood 3．What kind of person is Huang Xuhua according to the passage? A．Clever and playful. B．Strong and friendly. C．Smart and careful. D．Dangerous and scary. 4．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua? A．Money is the key to happiness. B．Devotion to a great work counts. C．Fame is more important than family. D．Technology can solve all problems 5．The best title for the passage is ________. A．“A Scientist’s Hobbies” B．“The History of Nuclear Power” C．“How to Build a Submarine” D．“A Hero of the Deep” 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹。 1．第一段“To protect his mission, he could not go back home for 30 years, even missing his father’s funeral.”说明黄旭华为了保护他的任务，30年不能回家，也没能参加父亲葬礼，对应A项。 2．第三段“When the job was all done. Huang donated nearly all his prize money, over 20 million yuan, to support science and education.”说明工程完成后，他捐赠近两千万奖金，支持科教事业。 3．第二段“Without advanced tools, his team used abacuses to do the complex math.”用算盘完成复杂运算体现他的聪明；“Huang even risked his life in 1988 by diving to test a submarine’s limits, saying, ‘I must go with the crew to ensure their safety.’”亲自下潜、保障队员安全体现他的仔细，对应C项。 4．全文围绕黄旭华为国奉献、坚守使命展开；A、C、D三个选项价值观错误、与文意相反。 5．文章围绕核潜艇之父黄旭华展开，深海核潜艇与家国英雄，贴合全文。 【重难词汇梳理】 重难词汇 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 nuclear /ˈnjuːkliə(r)/adj. 核的 submarine /ˌsʌbməˈriːn/n. 潜艇 decade /ˈdekeɪd/n. 十年 mission /ˈmɪʃn/n. 使命；任务 funeral /ˈfjuːnərəl/n. 葬礼 complex /ˈkɒmpleks/adj. 复杂的 risk /rɪsk/v. 冒着…… 危险 dive /daɪv/v. 潜水；下潜 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/v. 确保；保证 donate /dəʊˈneɪt/v. 捐赠 achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/n. 成就 document /ˈdɒkjumənt/v. 记录；编撰 重点短语 be known as 被誉为；作为…… 而出名 pass away 去世；逝世 at the age of 在…… 岁时 for decades 几十年来 in secret 秘密地；暗中 go back home 回家 come out 公开；面世 succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 risk one’s life 冒着生命危险 prize money 奖金 belong to 属于 learn from 向…… 学习 【长难句分析】 1. Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines,” passed away on February 6, 2025, at the age of 99. 译文：被誉为 “中国核潜艇之父” 的黄旭华，于 2025 年 2 月 6 日逝世，享年 99 岁。 句子结构分析：主谓语简单句。主干：Huang Xuhua passed away；known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” 过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰主语；on February 6, 2025 和 at the age of 99 均作时间状语。 2. His family did not know what he was doing until his work came out in 1987. 译文：直到 1987 年他的工作身份公开，家人才知道他一直在做什么。 句子结构分析：含宾语从句和时间状语从句的复合句。主句：His family did not know；what he was doing 是宾语从句，作 know 的宾语；until his work came out in 1987 由 until 引导时间状语从句，表 “直到…… 才”。 3. When the job was all done, Huang donated nearly all his prize money, over 20 million yuan, to support science and education. 译文：事业圆满完成后，黄旭华将自己几乎全部奖金 —— 两千多万元人民币捐献出来，用以支持科教事业。 句子结构分析：复合句。When the job was all done 由 When 引导时间状语从句； 主句主干：Huang donated nearly all his prize money；over 20 million yuan 作同位语，补充说明奖金数额； to support science and education 不定式短语作目的状语。 Passage 2 Shan Xinghua is a pioneer in the development of China’s railway ticket-buying system (系统). Thanks to her, we can buy train tickets online in seconds now. People call her the “super brain” of China’s railway technology. Shan grew up in a small village in Jiangxi. She studied hard and became the first college student from her village. In 1996, Shan went to East China Jiaotong University for her master’s degree. There, she joined a special team developing China’s first train ticket computer system. Shan was the youngest member, but she showed her talent quickly through hard work and new ideas. In 2011, 12306, China’s first online ticket system, was launched. However, during the Spring Festival travel rush of 2012, it experienced big problems. Millions of people tried to buy tickets at the same time, and the system almost broke down. Shan led her team to work day and night for 50 days to fix the problems. “It was like fixing a plane while it was flying!” she later said. Today, 12306 is one of the world’s best ticket systems. It has more than 700 million users and sells over 3 billion tickets every year. Through its continuous upgrades, it provides better travel experiences. Passengers (乘客) can get on trains by scanning (扫描) their faces, order food for the trips, and even buy farmers’ products online. All these changes make travel much easier. 单杏花是中国铁路售票系统研发领域的先驱。多亏了她，我们如今只需几秒钟就能在网上购买火车票。人们称她为中国铁路科技的 “超级大脑”。 单杏花在江西的一个小村庄长大。她学习刻苦，成了村里第一位大学生。1996 年，单杏花进入华东交通大学攻读硕士学位。在校期间，她加入了一个专项团队，研发中国首个火车票计算机售票系统。她是团队里最年轻的成员，却凭借刻苦钻研与创新想法，很快展露了自身才华。 2011 年，中国首个网上售票系统 12306 正式上线。然而在 2012 年春运期间，该系统出现了严重故障。数百万人同时抢票，系统近乎瘫痪。单杏花带领团队日夜奋战 50 天，攻克了这些难题。她后来感慨道：“这就好比飞机还在飞行时，就要给它检修故障！” 如今，12306 已跻身全球最优质的票务系统之列。它拥有超 7 亿用户，每年售票量超 30 亿张。经过持续升级优化，它为人们带来了更优质的出行体验。乘客可以刷脸进站、预订旅途餐食，甚至在线选购农产品。这些变革都让出行变得便捷了许多。 1．Why is Shan called the “super brain” of China’s railway technology? A．She invented the first high-speed railway. B．She changed the way to buy train tickets. C．She buys a lot of train tickets every year. D．She helps to improve internet technology. 2．What is the correct order of Shan’s life journey? a. She went to university.    b. She helped to develop 12306. c. She joined a special team.    d. She grew up in a small village. A．c→b→a→d. B．d→a→c→b. C．c→d→b→a. D．d→b→c→a. 3．Which word BEST describes Shan according to paragraph 3? A．Curious. B．Creative. C．Honest. D．Hardworking. 4．What do the changes of 12306 bring to its users? A．Easier trips. B．Cheaper tickets. C．Faster trains. D．Fewer products. 5．Which topic does the passage focus on? A．Our animal friends B．Role models of our time C．Follow your interests D．Travelling around Asia 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了单杏花，她是中国铁路售票系统的开拓者，带领团队打造12306平台，极大便利了民众购票出行。 1．推理判断题。根据“Shan Xinghua is a pioneer in the development of China’s railway ticket-buying system (系统). Thanks to her, we can buy train tickets online in seconds now. People call her the “super brain” of China’s railway technology.”可知，单杏花是中国铁路售票系统研发的开拓者。得益于她的贡献，如今我们能在几秒内在线购买火车票。因为她改变了人们买火车票的方式，人们称她为中国铁路技术的“超级大脑”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Shan grew up in a small village in Jiangxi. She studied hard and became the first college student from her village. In 1996, Shan went to East China Jiaotong University for her master’s degree. There, she joined a special team developing China’s first train ticket computer system ... In 2011, 12306, China’s first online ticket system, was launched.”可知，单杏花在江西一个小村庄长大，她刻苦学习，成为村里第一个大学生。1996年，她进入华东交通大学攻读硕士学位，并加入开发中国首个火车票计算机系统的特殊团队。2011年，中国首个在线购票系统12306上线。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Shan led her team to work day and night for 50 days to fix the problems.”可知，单杏花带领团队日夜奋战50天解决问题，所以她是努力工作的。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“All these changes make travel much easier.”可知，所有这些改变让出行更加便捷。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了单杏花，她是中国铁路售票系统的开拓者，带领团队打造12306平台，极大便利了民众购票出行，所以文章主要聚焦于我们时代的榜样角色。故选B。 【重难词汇梳理】 重难词汇 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n. 先驱；开拓者 railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/n. 铁路 system /ˈsɪstəm/n. 系统 second /ˈsekənd/n. 秒 talent /ˈtælənt/n. 天赋；才能 launch /lɔːntʃ/v. 推出；上线；发射 experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/v. 遭遇；经历 n. 经历；体验 break down 出故障；瘫痪 continuous /kənˈtɪnjuəs/adj. 持续的；连续的 upgrade /ˈʌpɡreɪd/n.&v. 升级；更新 passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/n. 乘客 scan /skæn/v. 扫描 重点短语 thanks to 多亏；由于 in seconds 立刻；几秒钟内 grow up 长大；成长 master’s degree 硕士学位 join a team 加入团队 show one’s talent 展露才华 Spring Festival travel rush 春运 at the same time 同时 work day and night 日夜奋战 fix the problems 解决难题 continuous upgrades 持续升级 provide better travel experiences 提供更好的出行体验 【长难句分析】 1.There, she joined a special team developing China’s first train ticket computer system. 译文：在那里，她加入了一个研发中国首个火车票计算机系统的专项团队。 结构分析：主谓宾简单句。主语 she，谓语 joined，宾语 a special team；developing China’s first train ticket computer system 现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 team。 2.Passengers can get on trains by scanning their faces, order food for the trips, and even buy farmers’ products online. 译文：乘客可以刷脸进站、预订旅途餐食，甚至在网上购买农产品。 结构分析：主谓结构，含三个并列谓语：can get on、(can) order、(can) buy；by scanning their faces 介词短语作方式状语；for the trips 作后置定语，online 作地点状语。 实战演练 Passage 1 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 People all over the world eat rice. Millions of people in Asia, Africa and South America live on it. Rice is 1 kind of plant. There 2 more than 7,000 kinds of rice. Rice grows in 3 countries, even in the south of the United States and in Eastern Australia. China is 4 rice-growing country in the world. China grows millions of tons of rice every year, but 5 is not easy to feed its large population (人口). In the 1960s, thousands of Chinese people died 6 they didn’t have enough food to eat. In the 1970s, Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist, grew a new kind of rice called hybrid rice (杂交水稻). It makes 20% more rice than any 7 land. Hybrid rice is a strong plant. Today, half of China’s rice plants are Yuan’s special hybrid rice. China uses Yuan’s hybrid rice 8 much more rice than before. Yuan is known 9 the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He won the World Food Prize for his work to help feed so many people in 2004. As he got his Lifetime Achievement Award (终身成就奖), Yuan said that lifetime achievement means 10 all your life. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．is B．are C．was D．were 3．A．few B．little C．many D．much 4．A．large B．larger C．the largest D．largest 5．A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself 6．A．and B．but C．so D．because 7．A．the other B．other C．the others D．others 8．A．grow B．grows C．growing D．to grow 9．A．at B．on C．as D．to 10．A．work B．working C．works D．to work 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了水稻的种植区域以及袁隆平的杂交水稻。 1．句意：水稻是一种植物。 a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，常用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，常用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前；the这个，定冠词，表特指。根据“Rice is…kind of plant.”可知，此处指水稻是一种植物，表泛指，应用不定冠词；空后为kind，是以辅音音素开头，空处应用a，a kind of“一种”，固定搭配。故选A。 2．句意：水稻有7000多种。 is是，为be的第三人称单数形式；are是，用于第二人称单复数现在时，第一、三人称复数现在时；was是，为be的过去式；were是，为are的过去式。根据“There…more than 7,000 kinds of rice.”可知，此处指水稻有7000多种，“there be”句型遵循“就近原则”，句子时态为一般现在时，空后为“more than 7,000 kinds of rice”，be动词应用are，空处应用are。故选B。 3．句意：水稻在许多国家都有种植，甚至在美国南部和澳大利亚东部也有种植。 few几乎没有，其后接可数名词复数形式；little几乎没有，其后接不可数名词；many很多，其后接可数名词复数形式；much很多，其后接不可数名词；根据“Rice grows in…countries, even in the south of the United States and in Eastern Australia.”可知，此处指水稻在许多国家都有种植，空后为复数名词countries，空处应用many，其后接可数名词复数形式。故选C。 4．句意：中国是世界上最大的水稻种植国。 large大的；larger更大的，为large的比较级；the largest最大的；largest最大的，为large的最高级。根据“China is…rice-growing country in the world.”可知，此处指中国是世界上最大的水稻种植国，应用形容词的最高级，且最高级前应用定冠词the来修饰。故选C。 5．句意：中国每年种植数百万吨水稻，但养活其庞大的人口并不容易。 it它，人称代词的主格；its它的，名词性物主代词或形容词性物主代词；it’s它是；itself它自己，反身代词。根据“but…is not easy to feed its large population”可知，此处指养活其庞大的人口并不容易，it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式；It is+形容词+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，固定句型，空处应用it。故选A。 6．句意：在20世纪60年代，成千上万的中国人因为没有足够的食物而死亡。 and并且；but但是；so所以；because因为。根据“thousands of Chinese people died…they didn’t have enough food to eat”可知，成千上万的中国人因为没有足够的食物而死亡，前半句与后半句为因果关系，此处应用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。 7．句意：它的水稻产量比其他任何土地都多20%。 the other指两个人或物中的另一个；other其他的；the others指其余所有的人或物；others其他人。根据“It makes 20% more rice than any…land.”可知，此处指“其他任何土地”，any other…“任何其他……”，固定搭配。故选B。 8．句意：中国使用袁隆平的杂交水稻种植的水稻比以前多得多。 grow种植，动词原形；grows种植，为grow的第三人称单数形式；growing为grow的动名词或现在分词形式；to grow为动词不定式。根据“China uses Yuan’s hybrid rice…much more rice than before.”可知，中国使用袁隆平的杂交水稻种植的水稻比以前多得多，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，应填to grow。故选D。 9．句意：袁隆平被称为“杂交水稻之父”。 at在……时刻；on在……上；as作为；to到。根据“Yuan is known…the ‘Father of Hybrid Rice’.”可知，be known as“被称为……”，固定短语，此处应用as。故选C。 10．句意：在袁隆平获得终身成就奖时，袁隆平说，终身成就是工作一辈子。 work工作；working为work的动名词或现在分词形式；works为work的第三人称单数形式；to work为动词不定式。根据“Yuan said that lifetime achievement means…all your life”可知，此处指终身成就意味着工作一辈子，mean doing sth.“意味着做某事”，动词短语，空处应用working。故选B。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思完整、句子通顺。 Watermelons are one of the most popular fruits in China. It’s said that Chinese people 1 nearly 70% of the watermelons on the earth. As we enjoy the sweet (甜的) watermelons, we have to 2 a great woman Wu Mingzhu. This 92-year-old 3 has devoted (致力) her life to growing melons in China. Wu grew up in Wuhan. In the eyes of others, Wu should have worked as a teacher after finishing university in 1953, but she 4 to go to Xinjiang. She thought Xinjiang was a good place for her to do something 5 . In 1955, Wu went to Xinjiang to study melons. 6 it was hard to live and work there at the time, she didn’t give up (放弃). She spent three years 7 Xinjiang and found 44 kinds of melons. In the 1990s, Wu and her team cultivated (培育) “8424”, a great kind of watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Then Wu brought it to the north of China. 8 , Wu went to more places to study melons. Thanks to her, most places in China grow melons now. The yield (产量) is high and the 9 is naturally low (低), so people can eat melons as they wish. Wu’s work has made a great difference to the growing of melons in China. “My life is to grow a few melons and 10 the sweetness of melons to people,” Wu always says. 1．A．drink B．make C．eat D．save 2．A．miss B．thank C．meet D．help 3．A．scientist B．seller C．musician D．worker 4．A．decided B．remembered C．discussed D．found 5．A．real B．great C．simple D．similar 6．A．When B．Because C．Although D．If 7．A．learning from B．going around C．looking for D．hearing about 8．A．Later B．However C．Once D．Again 9．A．environment B．price C．taste D．service 10．A．write B．pay C．sing D．give 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了92岁的种瓜科学家吴明珠。 1．句意：据说，中国人吃掉了地球上近70%的西瓜。 drink喝；make制作；eat吃；save节约。根据“Watermelons are one of the most popular fruits in China.”可知，此处是指吃西瓜。故选C。 2．句意：当我们享受甜的西瓜时，我们要感谢一个伟大的女人吴明珠。 miss错过；thank感谢；meet遇见；help帮助。根据“This 92-year-old ... has devoted (致力) her life to growing melons in China.”可知，这位科学家把毕生精力致力于种瓜上，所以我们应该感谢她。故选B。 3．句意：这位92岁的科学家毕生致力于在中国种瓜。 scientist科学家；seller销售者；musician音乐家；worker工作者。根据“In the 1990s, Wu and her team cultivated (培育) ‘8424’, a great kind of watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.”可知，她是一位科学家。故选A。 4．句意：在别人看来，吴1953年大学毕业后本应从事教师工作，但她却毅然决定去新疆。 decided决定；remembered记得；discussed讨论；found发现。根据“Wu should have worked as a teacher after finishing university in 1953”及but表示转折可知，此处是指她本应在大学毕业后当老师，但却决定去新疆。故选A。 5．句意：她认为新疆是一个可以让她干大事的好地方。 real真实的；great伟大的；simple简单的；similar相似的。根据“She thought Xinjiang was a good place for her”可知，是指认为新疆是一个可以干大事的地方。故选B。 6．句意：虽然当时在那里生活和工作很难，但她没有放弃。 When当……时；Because因为；Although虽然；If如果。根据“it was hard to live and work there at the time, she didn’t give up”可知，句子前后是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。 7．句意：她花了三年时间走遍新疆，发现了44种瓜。 learning from向……学习；going around四处走动；looking for寻找；hearing about听说。根据“Xinjiang and found 44 kinds of melons.”可知，是指花费时间走遍新疆，从而发现了44种瓜。故选B。 8．句意：后来，吴去了更多的地方研究瓜类。 Later后来；However然而；Once曾经；Again再，又。根据“In the 1990s, Wu and her team cultivated (培育) ‘8424’, a great kind of watermelon in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Then Wu brought it to the north of China.”可知，此处是指在去了这些地方之后，又去了更多地方。故选A。 9．句意：产量高，价格自然低，人们可以随心所欲地吃瓜。 environment环境；price价格；taste口味；service服务。根据“The yield (产量) is high and the ... is naturally low”可知，是指产量高，价格就低。故选B。 10．句意：我的人生就是种几个瓜，把瓜的甜分给人们。 write写；pay支付；sing唱歌；give给。根据“the sweetness of melons to people”可知，是指把瓜的甜分给人们。故选D。 Passage 3 Li Zhensheng, a famous Chinese scientist, got a special award for helping grow high-yield wheat (高产小麦). He is 93 years old and has worked for over 70 years to make sure there is enough food for everyone in China. Li was born in 1931 in Zibo, Shandong Province. He saw a terrible famine in the early 1940s. This gave him a deep love for food and a wish to make sure that Chinese people would never go hungry. “I got enough food to eat and could go to university. I couldn’t think about these when I was a child,” Li said. After finishing school, he began studying wheat. He made new types of wheat. They were strong against terrible weather and other difficulties. His best-known wheat is called Xiaoyan. It helps farmers get more food. By 2003, China had planted more than 300 million mu of Xiaoyan wheat, adding more than 7.5 million tons of food. Though Li couldn’t work in the fields anymore, he still taught young scientists about wheat growing and studying. He even gave away his award prize to set up a student scholarship fund. 1．How many years has Li Zhensheng been working for? A．About 23 years. B．Less than 50 years. C．Over 70 years. D．About 93 years. 2．What does the underlined word “famine” mean in Chinese? A．饥荒 B．干旱 C．洪水 D．海啸 3．How was Li Zhensheng’s life when he was a child? A．Fun. B．Happy. C．Hard. D．Boring. 4．How does the writer show Li’s achievements (成就) in wheat? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By showing pictures. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Introduction of a Famous Scientist. B．The Meaning of Studying Wheat C．The History of Chinese Wheat Planting D．The Importance of Food Safety 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了著名中国科学家李振声的工作年限、童年经历、在小麦研究方面的成就及相关事迹。 1．细节理解题。根据“He is 93 years old and has worked for over 70 years to make sure there is enough food for everyone in China.”可知，李振声工作了70多年。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“This gave him a deep love for food and a wish to make sure that Chinese people would never go hungry.”可知，这种经历让他希望中国人不再挨饿，由此可推测“famine”指的是“饥荒”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“He saw a terrible famine in the early 1940s.”以及“I got enough food to eat and could go to university. I couldn’t think about these when I was a child”可知，李振声小时候吃不饱，连上学都不敢想，生活很艰难。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“By 2003, China had planted more than 300 million mu of Xiaoyan wheat, adding more than 7.5 million tons of food.”可知，作者通过列举数字来展示李振声在小麦方面的成就。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了著名科学家李振声的生平、工作经历以及成就等。故选A。 Passage 4 The 2026 Milan-Cortina Winter Olympics (冬奥会) were held in Italy from February 6 to February 22, 2026. All Chinese people felt excited because of a young snowboarder—Su Yiming. On February 18, Su Yiming took part in the men’s snowboard slopestyle (单板滑雪坡面障碍技巧) final. The game was very competitive. There were many excellent players from different countries. They all came to Italy with the best skills and hopes. In his first run, Su Yiming showed perfect jumps and great skills. He finished very well and got 82.41 points. This score helped him get into first place. During the game, Su kept calm and was not afraid of difficulties. He tried his best to show his talent to the world. At last, Su Yiming won the gold medal. He became a hero in many people’s hearts. People cheered for him and felt really proud. Su loves snowboarding very much. He practices hard every day, even in bad weather. He often practices for many hours and never gives up. He says sports make him strong and happy. He also hopes more young people can do sports and keep healthy. Many middle school students like Su Yiming. They learn a lot from him. His story tells us that if we work hard for our dreams, they can come true one day. 1．When did Su Yiming win the gold medal? A．On March 22, 2026. B．On February 18, 2026. C．On February 6, 2026. D．In January 2026. 2．What was Su Yiming like during the game? A．He was afraid of difficulties. B．He kept calm and did his best. C．He was worried about his score. D．He didn’t show his talent. 3．What can we learn from Su Yiming? A．We should practice in good weather only. B．We should give up when things are difficult. C．Working hard can make our dreams come true. D．Doing sports can’t make us strong. 4．What does the underlined word “run” mean here? A．跑步 B．一轮滑行 C．跑道 D．比赛项目 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The 2026 Winter Olympics in Italy. B．How to practice snowboarding well. C．Su Yiming won gold and his spirit. D．Su Yiming’s favorite sports. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在2026年米兰冬奥会上，中国单板滑雪运动员苏翊鸣夺冠的经历。 1．第二段提到“On February 18, Su Yiming took part in the men’s snowboard slopestyle final”，第三段提到“At last, Su Yiming won the gold medal.”，这直接说明了苏翊鸣在2026年2月18日赢得了金牌。 2．第三段提到“During the game, Su kept calm and was not afraid of difficulties. He tried his best to show his talent to the world.”，这直接说明了苏翊鸣在比赛中保持冷静并尽了最大努力。 3．最后一段提到“His story tells us that if we work hard for our dreams, they can come true one day.”，这直接说明了我们可以从苏翊鸣身上学到努力工作能让梦想成真。 4．第二段提到“In his first run, Su Yiming showed perfect jumps and great skills.”，结合语境可知这里的“run”指的是单板滑雪中的“一轮滑行”。 5．全文通过讲述苏翊鸣夺冠及其背后的努力，这直接说明了文章的主旨是苏翊鸣夺得金牌以及他所体现的拼搏精神。 Passage 5 Have you watched the cartoon film Ne Zha 2? Have you heard of DeepSeek and “Yang BOT” recently? Surprisingly, they are all created by young power who are leading China to a better future. Let’s take a look at what achievements they have made. Yang Yu (Jiao Zi), the director of Ne Zha 2 was born in 1980 in Sichuan province. Just like Ne Zha, he faced many difficulties. It took him five years to create this film. After the movie came out, it broke the box office (票房) in Chinese film history and became a hit. Born in 1985 in a small town in Guangdong province, Liang Wenfeng showed a strong interest in AI technology from a young age. He founded DeepSeek in 2023. Now DeepSeek’s app has become one of the most downloaded (下载) free apps in the world. Wang Xingxing comes from Zhejiang Province. He set up Unitree, a world famous technology company. It developed the robots used in the dance performance “Yang BOT”. These robots are not only for fun but also help in different tasks, such as carrying heavy objects and even taking part in rescue. These young people are hard-working and not afraid to try new things, facing challenges bravely. They are truly role models and their success is an inspiration to us. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By describing pictures. D．By making comparisons. 2．What does the underlined phrase “became a hit” mean in paragraph 2? A．Became different. B．Became popular. C．Became interesting. D．Became difficult. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．These young people are role models of our time. B．These young people were all born in the same province. C．“Yang BOT” is a kind of AI app developed by Liang Wenfeng. D．Wang Xingxing was interested in AI technology when he was young. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Four achievements in Chinese history. B．Different people have different dreams. C．China’s great success in sports and science. D．Young power, leading the future in culture and technology. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了几位年轻人在文化和科技领域取得了卓越成就，成为引领中国未来的榜样。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Have you watched the cartoon film Ne Zha 2? Have you heard of DeepSeek and ‘Yang BOT’ recently?”可知，作者是通过提问来开始文章的。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“After the movie came out, it broke the box office (票房) in Chinese film history and became a hit.”可知，电影上映后，打破了中国电影史上的票房，一炮而红。由此可知，下划线的部分“became a hit”最有可能的意思是“一炮而红”，与Became popular“变得流行起来”近义。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“These young people are hard-working and not afraid to try new things, facing challenges bravely. They are truly role models and their success is an inspiration to us.”可知，这些年轻人努力工作，不怕尝试新事物，勇敢地面对挑战，他们是真正的榜样，他们的成功鼓舞了我们。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了几位年轻人在文化和科技领域取得了卓越成就，成为引领中国未来的榜样。由此可知，D选项“年轻力量，引领文化科技的未来”最适合做文章的标题。故选D。 。 Passage 6 Science genius Hawking passes away at 76． Stephen Hawking was a British scientist. Many people think he was the greatest scientist since Albert Einstein. On March 14, Hawking died in Cambridge, UK. He was 76. As a scientist, Hawking was most famous for studying black holes. He thought that the universe started with the Big Bang and will end in black holes. Black holes suck up (吸进) everything around them—even light. But he believed that black holes will disappear one day. Hawking’s put his whole life into studying the beginning (and the end) of the universe (宇宙). “My goal is simple,” Hawking once said. “It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all.” He also wrote books to help more people understand the universe. A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》) is his most popular book. However, people admire (羡慕) Hawking not only because of his talents. They also admire him because of his strong will． Hawking had a serious illness for his whole life, starting from when he was 21. He could not walk or talk. For some time, he had no way to talk with others except by blinking. Later, he was able to “speak” using a computerized voice (电脑语音)． However, his illness didn’t stop him from living a meaningful life. He traveled around the world. He wrote books. He even played himself on many TV shows． Just as his children said after his death, Hawking’s works and legacy will live on for many years． 1．Where does Stephen Hawking come from? A．The USA． B．The UK． C．Canada． D．UN． 2．Which of the following is NOT Hawking’s study about black holes? A．The universe began with the Big Bang． B．The universe will be over in black holes． C．That black holes will disappear one day． D．Black holes suck up something around them． 3．What does the underlined pronoun “it” stand for? A．The goal． B．The magic． C．The universe． D．The book． 4．How did Hawking talk with others? A．He couldn’t talk with others at all． B．He only talked with others by blinking． C．He could talk by writing books． D．He could speak by using computerized voice． 5．What did Hawking not do during his life? A．He wrote books named A Brief History of Time? B．He played himself on many TV shows． C．He just traveled around the UK． D．He could walk and talk when he was 16 years old． 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了著名科学家史蒂芬·霍金的生平、科学成就及其坚强意志。 1．细节理解题。根据“Stephen Hawking was a British scientist”和“Hawking died in Cambridge, UK”可知，霍金是英国科学家，逝世于英国剑桥。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Black holes suck up everything around them—even light”可知，黑洞会吸进周围所有东西，而非“部分东西”，故D项表述与原文不符。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据霍金的话“My goal is simple...to completely understand the universe”可知，“it”指代前文提到的“goal”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Later, he was able to ‘speak’ using a computerized voice”可知，霍金最终通过电脑语音与他人交流。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“He traveled around the world”可知，霍金周游世界，而非仅在英国旅行。故选C。 Passage 7 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 She is a great Chinese woman. She has spent almost all her life in Dunhuang, studying and protecting the 1,600-year-old Mogao Grottoes. People call her the “Daughter of Dunhuang”. 1 Born in 1938, Fan grew up in Shanghai. After graduating from the Department of History, Peking University in 1963, she came to Dunhuang and worked at Dunhuang Academy (研究院). She became head of the Academy in 1998. When Fan first came to Dunhuang, it was a poor village and life there was really hard. 2 She and some workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and controlled the number of visitors. “The longer I’ve stayed here, the deeper my love has grown for Dunhuang,” Fan said. 3 One of them is “Digital (数字的) Dunhuang”. It gives people a new way to seethe caves without destroying (破坏) them. Under Fan’s leadership, Dunhuang Academy has grown into the world’s largest organization for Dunhuang studies. From a 25-year-old girl to a white-haired lady, Fan has spent over 55 years in Dunhuang. 4 She was honored as one of CCTV’s “People Who Moved China in 2019”. Fan wrote a book named Dunhuang Is Where My Heart Belongs: Fan Jinshi’s Self-Narration. 5 In the book, she talks about her personal experiences and her relationship with the Mogao Grottoes. If you want to learn more about her, you should read it. A．It came out in 2019. B．Her name is Fan Jinshi. C．Her great work was widely noticed. D．Although she missed life in Shanghai, she stayed. E．Now 86-year-old Fan Jinshi lives a peaceful life. F．Fan started many projects to protect the Mogao Grottoes. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．F 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了樊锦诗是一位伟大的中国女性，她几乎一生都在敦煌度过，研究和保护有1600年历史的莫高窟，人们称她为“敦煌的女儿”。 1．根据“She is a great Chinese woman. She has spent almost all her life in Dunhuang, studying and protecting the 1,600-year-old Mogao Grottoes. People call her the ‘Daughter of Dunhuang’.”可知，此处介绍的是“敦煌的女儿”，选项B“她叫樊锦诗。”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“When Fan first came to Dunhuang, it was a poor village and life there was really hard.”可知，此处是介绍刚开始去的情况，选项D“虽然她怀念在上海的生活，但她留下来了。”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据“One of them is ‘Digital (数字的) Dunhuang’.”可知，此处应是介绍them指代的内容，选项F“樊发起了许多保护莫高窟的项目。”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据“Fan has spent over 55 years in Dunhuang. ...She was honored as one of CCTV’s ‘People Who Moved China in 2019’.”可知，此处是讲述她的成就，选项C“她的伟大工作受到广泛关注。”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据“Fan wrote n book named Dunhuang Is Where My Heart Belongs: Fan Jinshi’s Self-Narration.”和“In the book...”可知，此处是介绍这本书，选项A“它于2019年出版。”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 8 Qian Xuesen, a pioneer in China’s aerospace, was well-respected and achieved great honour. Born in Shanghai in 1911, he studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He spent years furthering his education in the USA, earning a doctorate in Aerospace Engineering and Mathematics in 1939. He then spent many years teaching and doing research at universities in the USA． Qian decided to return to China in 1955. Once home, he worked tirelessly to raise the level of China’s science and technology. One of his key achievements was in the field of aerospace engineering. He played a key role in developing China’s first rocket, which helped China become one of the few countries to explore space. He is called the “father of China’s aerospace” and “king of rockets”. Qian devoted himself to his country and his work brought honour and success to China. He lived a simple life and was not interested in fame or money. 1．Where did Qian Xuesen study engineering? 2．When did Qian decide to return to China? 3．How did Qian work once home? 4．What else is Qian called besides (除……之外) “father of China’s aerospace”? 5．What life did Qian live? 【答案】1．He studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2．He decided to return to China in 1955. 3．He worked tirelessly. 4．He is also called “king of rockets”. 5．He lived a simple life. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国航天事业先驱钱学森的生平事迹，包括他的求学经历、回国贡献以及获得的荣誉称号等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Born in Shanghai in 1911, he studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University.”可知，钱学森在上海交通大学学习工程学。故填He studied engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2．根据“Qian decided to return to China in 1955.”可知，钱学森于1955年决定回国。故填He decided to return to China in 1955. 3．根据“Once home, he worked tirelessly to raise the level of China’s science and technology.”可知，回国后他不知疲倦地工作以提高中国的科技水平。故填He worked tirelessly. 4．根据“He is called the ‘father of China’s aerospace’ and ‘king of rockets’.”可知，除了“中国航天之父”外，他还被称为“火箭之王”。故填He is also called “king of rockets”. 5．根据“He lived a simple life and was not interested in fame or money.”可知，他过着简朴的生活。故填He lived a simple life. $