专题 03 代词专题-备战2027年高考英语一轮复习语法专题冲刺宝典

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦代词专题，覆盖人称、物主、反身、指示、不定代词等高考核心考点，按“定义-分类-用法-辨析”逻辑架构系统梳理，通过课前检测诊断学情，课中结合表格对比、用法归纳夯实基础，配套过关检测及分层练习（基础、巩固、拔高），帮助学生突破代词在语境中的应用难点，体现复习教学的系统性和针对性。 资料亮点在于“考点微突破+素养导向”设计，如it用法专题通过“功能归类（形式主/宾语、指代）+真题语境应用”培养语言能力，other系列代词对比表格助力思维品质提升，分层练习精准适配不同水平学生，确保有限时间内高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

专题 03 代词专题--备战2027年高考英语一轮语法冲刺宝典 代词pron. 代词(Pronoun)是代替名词或一句话的一种词类. 大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词等. 【课前检测】(5 mins) I.单句语法填空： 1.Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains , could help China decide whether ________(it) plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical. 2．Tom and (me) are to blame for the broken glass. 3．When the model stands up on (it) own weight without nails or glue, you really appreciate the wisdom of ancient designers.  4．The book is, in (he) opinion, the best book on the subject. 5．The old man dragged (he) home and barely made it to his chair before he dropped exhaustedly. 6． is reported that the price of meat will go up. 7．It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 8．I would appreciate if you could give me a reply at your earliest convenience. 9．Local performer Thana commented that this year’s event was larger than of last year and he felt no tiredness. 10．If you don’t actively pursue your own dreams, you might find yourself employed to help construct the dreams of (they), someone else, instead of your own. 课中讲解 一.代词的定义 代词是代替名词或一句话的一种词类，大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种。 2， 代词的分类和用法 1， 人称代词 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人 称复数 第二人 称复数 第三人 称复数 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 主格用来做句子的主语 .I often go shopping on Sundays. Are they from Brazil? 宾格用来做及物动词或者介词的宾语 1)Who teaches you English this year? 2) We often write letters to her. 【过关检测】(2mins) 1.However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _________every day. 2.No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find_________ (they)alive. 3．My father gently asked (I) if I understood the gravity of my actions. 4．However, after I went to high school, somehow, I became distant from (he).  5．The teacher asked us students to hand in homework on time and told (we) not to copy other’s. 2,物主代词 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人 称复数 第二人 称复数 第三人 称复数 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 形容词性物主代词作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。即“形物代+名词” Is that your umbrella? I often go to see my aunt on Sundays. 名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地做主语、宾语或者表语,后面不可以跟名词。即“形物代+名词=名物代” This is your cup, but where is mine? Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. 【过关检测】(2mins) 1. He tells the stories of Latino essential workers who worked tirelessly to keep communities safe and support (they) families.  2．Kang Qinxin, the translator of (it) Chinese version, said that she hoped readers could feel the integration of Chinese and Western cultures. 3. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of (they) contents. 4. The book is, in (he) opinion, the best book on the subject. 5．The volunteers were deeply moved by the villagers’ kindness and decided to do more for (they) community. 3. 反身代词: 第一人 称单数 第二人 称单数 第三人称单数 第一人 称复数 第二人 称复数 第三人 称复数 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身) Don't play with the knife, you might hurt yourself. 在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气) The story itself is good. Only he didn't tell it well. 【过关检测】 1.People pick up the bikes and then ride and drop _____( they) off anywhere they like , locking the back wheel, with no need to find a fixed place. 2.The Chinese have known about the benefits of green tea since ancient times, and they use _______ to treat everything from headaches to depression. 3. When you come to Zhangjiajie, you can fully appreciate________(it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk customs as well as other thrilling tourist activities. 4. Before getting on the plane, train, or bus, learn from these mistakes to avoid the crowds and made the most of _______(you) holiday. 4,指示代词 单数 复数 含义 this（这个） these(这些） 时间或空间上较近的人或事物 that(那个） those（那些） 时间或空间上较远的人或事物 It（这人/这物） 同类同物/特殊用法 指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语，也可以作定语修饰名词. What's this? That model plane is made of plastic. 【辨析】 this 和 these 指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物 that 和those 指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物。如: This is a pen and that's an eraser. This is a boy and those are girls. 用this或these 来代替下文中将要提过的人或事物 Now. everybody, watch this. 为避免重复，有时可用that 或 those 来代替前面已提到过的人或事物; She's very friendly, and that is why we all love her. 【It用法汇集】 1.表示时间，日期，季节，天气，温度，距离，环境等 It is two hours' drive to the beach from my home. It is getting hotter and hotter. It was already eleven o'clock when he arrived home. 2.指代身份不明的人或物，指代有生命但不能或不必区分性别的人或物。 Who is knocking at the door? It must be Tom. He said he would come. 3.作形式主语，代替由不定式，动名词或从句构成的真正主语。 It is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. 4.作形式宾语，代替由不定式，动名词或从句构成的真正宾语。 The fact that she was foreign made it difficult for her to get a job in that country. The thought it would be good for you to have a holiday. 【过关检测】 用it作形式主语或形式宾语补全下列句子 1.我认为我们开这个会是必要的。 I think ______________________________that we have the meeting. 2.众所周知,在世界上中国人口最多。 ___________________________China has the largest population in the world. 3.据说他们都去看电影了。 _____________________________all of them have gone to the cinema. 5,不定代词 单数含义 no none / / each (every) one either neither so the other another 复合不定代词 不可数含义 Some any / much little a little all / / / / / 复数含义 / many few a few ones both / others the others / 【辨析】 1.some 和 any 的用法 some 一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”。“一些”、“某个”，作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如: I have some work to do today. They will go there some day. any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”，作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。如: They didn't have any friends here. Have you got any questions to ask? any 用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”。如: Come here with any friend. 2.all 和 both 的用法: all 指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词;也可代替或修饰不可数名词。 both 指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。如: I know all of the four British students in their school. -----Would you like this one or that one? ------Both. 3. either ,neither 和 none 的用法 either意思是两个中间的任何一个” neither是either的否定形式,意思是“两个都不”。如: Either of the two will do.(我不介意喝些什么,两个之中随便哪个都行) -----Will you go there by bus or by car? -----Neither. I will go there by train.(一个都不坐,我坐火车去) none 表示“没有一个人/物”,可指人也可指物,后面可跟of 短语,做主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数，三者(或以上)都不。如: None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天没有一个朋友来看我) 4. other、 the other、others 和 another 的用法 another不能修饰不可数名词及复数名词，只能与单数可数名词，表示不确定的“另一个.再一个”。如:another day 另一天 而不能接复数名词和不可数名词，比如说:another days(误),another water(误)，但可以说:another cup of water(另一杯水) 然而，other可与单数名词、复数名词以及不可数名词连用，表示不确定的“另外的”，“其余的”人或物，如: the other day 另一个男孩 Other boys 其他男孩 other water 其他水 another(另外的,再一,又一)与 the other(另外的一个)主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用the other,在原先基础上增加用 another. This is one of your socks.Where is the other one? (这是你的-只袜子,还有一只呢?) I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another. (我已经吃了4块蛋糕,但是我还要-块。) other 与the other的区别:“other+名词”表示“不确定的，其他的，另外的”，若有了定冠词the限定，“the other+名词”则表示特定范围内“剩下剩余的”。 other 与 others的区别:other只能做限定词来用，其后面必须接名词，不能单独使用。比如不能说:other are..。与此相反，others只能做代词，后面不能再接名词，而只能单独使用，比如不能说:others people are...e 5.many 和 much 的用法 many 意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用 much 意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用。 I don't have many friends here. (在这里我没有很多的朋友。) Many died in the bus accident. (许多人在公交车祸中丧失、) 6. few、little、a few、a little 的用法: a few,few后接可数名词复数;a little,little后接不可数名词 a few,a little表示“肯定”，一些，相当于 some; few,little 表示“否定”，几乎没有，相当于 no。 He is very poor and he has little money. (他很穷,几乎没有什么钱) Don’t worry. There is still a little time left. (别着急,还有一点儿时间呢) 7.复合不定代词 every-， some-,any-，no+body/-one/-thing/-where 每一,某一,任一,无一人或事地方 one 与 ones 用来代替上文一个或多个人或事物,前面可以加冠词、形容词、指示代词,which等。 Which jacket would you like, this one or that one? I don’t like the green ones. 【过关检测】(3mins) 单句语法填空 1. You are a team star! Working with_________ is really your cup of tea. 2. Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing is__________ 3. In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in_________,knives and forks. 4. Niki is always full of ideas, but_________ is useful to my knowledge. 5.The meeting will be held in September, but_______ knows the date for sure. 6.The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but _ contained any useful suggestions. 基础练习： 单句填空 1．I hate     when the weather is rainy. 2．It’s also his intention to bring the old ritual back to modern life and have more people appreciate (it) charm. 3．For the public, cultural activities are gradually becoming necessities of (they) lives. 4．Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with of their parents. 5．The beauty held in traditional patterns has inspired Chinese designers to find (they) own style and emotional bonds instead of just caring about function and form when they design their works. 6． was reported that a large number of people got killed in 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake. 7．We invited John and Jack, but of them could afford time to come to the party. 8．To (he) sorrow, he lost all his possessions because of his failure in his business. 9． (they) house is bigger than (our). 10．A friend of (me) came to see me yesterday morning. 11．Your pen writes better than (my). 12．This is (we) garden. 13． is obvious that some old traditions and values are no longer treasured by the young people. 14．David is one of those people who have trouble making up (they) minds. 15．As children, we found the idea of refusing our father’s requests to be unthinkable, as such an act would have been disrespectful to (we) and our family values. 16．On Weibo, the Lilanz topic “dress to impress” gained 44.42 million views, more than twice of Chinese National Geography magazine’s official “Follow the Silk Road to Paris” tag, which has 20.27 million views. 17．The first working telegraph was produced in 1836. This made possible to send messages over any distance. 18．She has a deep and all-around understanding of her role: She considers (she) as a bridge connecting professions, Xinjiang folk music, modern instruments and the world. 19．In addition to treating (they) pets to special meals at restaurants, many owners also purchase gift boxes to celebrate the New Year with their furry companions. 20．He made clear to all the people that he objected to the plan. 巩固练习： 完成句子 1． ________________ (令人惊叹的是) there are more than 8,000 statues. 2．________ (是很方便的) compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy. 3．Spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes_____________ (让你们很难把精力放在) other things in life. 4．It is __________ (对你来说很有用) to understand the general idea of texts by skimming. 5．在我看来，没有什么比保持身心健康更重要的了。 In my opinion, ________ is ________ ________ ________ to keep healthy both physically and mentally. 6.__________ (我突然想起) the band which I adored would perform at the National Stadium the next day. 7．___________________________________ (大家公认) he is the greatest poet in the flesh. 8．There is a deer in our yard that keeps __________________ (破坏我的花园). 9．The government has ___________ ___________ __________ (致力于) improving health education. 10．The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species, and _____________________(这就是我的切入点)—with my dogs. 拔高练习： A 专项语篇型填空(代词) The party we held last Saturday was a real success. 1_________ seemed to have a good time. And the food was good. Almost2______ was left. Henry said that he really enjoyed the whole day-3______ the preparations and the party itself. But I felt a bit upset when George complained about the jiaozi. Indeed,4_______ were so salty, which would have tasted much better if I had put less salt. Some 5______ guests shared my opinion as well, while there were a few guests who said they were6______ but salty.I'm7______ of a perfectionist, so Ill pay attention to this and do better next time. There were more people than I had expected at the party, and nearly8_______ the food was eaten up. I feared the food was far from enough. How I wish Cathy had turned up as well, so that she might have helped me with my problem. There was a happy atmosphere there, but9_______ didn't take enough photographs. Bob had promised to buy some film for the camera, but he simply forgot to take________10. B语法填空1 Who is smarter？A human being or artificial intelligence？The question 1 （sweep）across the world when a Google-developed program called AlphaGo defeated the world top player. So，what comes next？ Some people are pessimistic，saying that the full development of artificial intelligence， 2 AI in short，could mean the end of the human race. So are we really about to live in the world 3 （show）in the Terminator（终结者）movies？ “Not quite，”answered John Markoff of The New York Times， 4 is optimistic about the future. “We think that，for the human beings，things like sight and balance， 5 （be）natural and ordinary in our life. Also，we humans are better at making 6 （adjust）to the surroundings. We have a long way to go before AI can 7 （true）begin to be similar to the human brain，even though the technology can be great.” Meanwhile，John Markoff said that researchers should build artificial intelligence to make people more 8 （effect）. “Our fate（命运）is 9 our own hands，”he added.“Since technology depends on the values of 10 (it) creators, we can choose to use technology to improve the world.” B语法填空2 Like other big cities, Paris has also a traffic problem: lots of cars, traffic jams and traffic pollution. So since 2007, the city 11 (start) a plan to improve the situation. Under a project, people can take a bicycle, use it as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half-hour is free, 12 if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. It’s only $1 or $29 a year. The bicycles are as heavy as 25 kilograms, and they’re all grey and have baskets. There’re a large number of 13 (they) in the city, and the bicycle stations are more than the subway stations! Paris isn’t the first city to operate a project like this. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only suitable for short 14 (journey). If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle — they’ll still use their cars.” A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, but it might work in 15 (reduce) air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, 16 (be) a big problem. Everyone knows about global warming and dramatic climate changes — we know this is partly because rainforests are 17 (gradual) disappearing. And it’s also because there’s so much pollution. There aren’t any simple answers 18 traffic problems and pollution in cities, but the bicycles might help people lead 19 healthier life. Unless we do something now, there’ll be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get even 20 (bad).” 参考答案： 课前检测：1.itself 2．I 【详解】考查代词。句意：汤姆和我应该为打碎的玻璃负责。提示词在句中作并列主语，用主格代词I。故填I。 3．its 【详解】句意：当这个模型不用钉子或胶水就能靠自身重量立起来时，你就会真正领略到古代设计师的智慧。“on one’s own weight”表示“靠自身重量”，此处指代前面的“the model”，要用形容词性物主代词its作定语。 4．his 【详解】考查代词。句意：在他看来，这本书是关于这个主题最好的书。in one’s opinion“在某人看来”是固定搭配，he对应his。故填his。 5．himself 【详解】考查代词。句意：这位老人拖着疲惫的身躯回了家，好不容易挪到椅子旁，就筋疲力尽地瘫坐了下去。宾语和主语所指相同时，宾语用反身代词，he对应himself。故填himself。 6．It 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：据报道，肉类价格将会上涨。该句为固定句型It is reported that…，表示“据报道……”，It作形式主语，真正主语是后面的that从句。故填It。 7．that 【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的主语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故填that。 8．it 【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：如果您能在方便的时候尽早给我回复，我将不胜感激。I would appreciate it if...是固定句式，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是if引导的从句。故填it。 9．that 【详解】句意：当地表演者萨纳评论说，今年的活动比去年的规模更大，他丝毫不觉得疲惫。设空处用代词指代前面单数名词event，指代同类不同物需用that。 10．them 【详解】考查代词。句意：如果你不积极追求自己的梦想，你可能会发现自己受雇于帮助实现别人的梦想，而不是你自己的梦想。该空需要使用代词宾格形式作介词of的宾语，应填them指代那些雇主。故填them。 基础练习： 单句填空 1．it 【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：我讨厌下雨天。hate是及物动词，when the weather is rainy是从句，此处是固定句型I hate it when...，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that从句。故填it。 2．its 【详解】考查代词。句意：他还打算将古老的仪式带回现代生活，让更多的人欣赏它的魅力。分析句子结构可知，句中charm为名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，it对应的形容词性物主代词为its，故填its。 3．their 【详解】考查代词。句意：对于公众们来说，文化活动正在逐渐成为他们生活的必需品。设空处修饰后面的名词lives，应该用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，作定语。故填their。 4．that 【详解】考查代词。句意：十分之九的父母表示，与父母的教育方法相比，他们在教育孩子的方法上存在显著差异。that可以用来指代前文提到的不可数名词，或可数名词单数，本句中指代上文中提到过的their approach to educating their children，故填that。 5．their 【详解】考查代词。句意：传统纹样中蕴含的美感启发中国设计师们找寻属于自己的风格与情感联结，而非在设计作品时只关注功能与形式。根据空后“own style”可知，此处表示所属关系，故用形容词性物主代词修饰其后的名词短语。故填their。 6．It 【详解】考查代词。句意：据报道，在5·12汶川地震中，大量人员不幸遇难。It was reported that...为固定句型，意为“据报道……”，其中“it”作形式主语，真正的主语为“that”引导的主语从句。故填It。 7．neither 【详解】考查代词。句意：我们邀请了约翰和杰克，但他们俩都抽不出时间来参加派对。_______of them作主语，所填词是代词。but表示上下句是转折关系，but后面的内容应体现约翰和杰克这两个人都不能来参加聚会，所填代词具有否定含义。neither表示“两者都不”，符合句意。故填neither。 8．his 【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：令他悲伤的是，由于生意失败，他失去了所有财产。“to one’s + 情感名词”为固定结构，意为“令某人……的是” ，这里需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词sorrow，he的形容词性物主代词是his。故填his。 9． Their ours 【详解】考查代词。句意：他们的房子比我们的大。名词house前用形容词性物主代词their作定语；第二空用名词性物主代词作宾语，ours=our house。故填Their；ours。 10．mine 【详解】考查代词。句意：昨天上午我的一个朋友来看望我。本空作介词of的宾语，且表示“我的一个朋友”，应用名词性物主代词mine，相当于my friends。故填mine。 11．mine 【详解】考查代词。句意：你的钢笔比我的（钢笔）写起来更流畅。此句是比较级，比较的对象是your pen和“我的钢笔”，这里需用名词性物主代词mine来指代my pen，在句中作than的宾语。故填mine。 12．our 【详解】考查代词。句意：这是我们的花园。本空修饰名词garden，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”。故填our。 13．It 【详解】考查形式主语。句意：很明显，一些古老的传统和价值观不再被年轻人珍视。句中真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，为避免句子结构失衡，需用it作形式主语，构成固定句型“it is obvious that...”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It。 14．their 【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：大卫是那种难以做出决定的人。此处作定语，修饰minds，应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，故填their。 15．us 【详解】考查代词。句意：作为孩子，我们发现拒绝父亲的要求是不可想象的，因为这样的行为对我们和我们的家庭价值观是不尊重的。此处to是介词，后接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，we的宾格是us，故填us。 16．that 【详解】考查代词。句意：在微博上，Lilanz的话题“穿出影响力”获得了4442万的浏览量，是《中国国家地理》杂志官方话题“沿着丝路到巴黎”浏览量的两倍多，后者的浏览量为2027万。此处指代前面的views，为避免重复，用that指代同类事物。故填that。 17．it 【详解】考查it用法。句意：第一部发报机是在1836年生产的。这使得人们能够跨越任何距离将信息传递过去。此处为make it+adj. +to do sth.结构 ，应填it作形式宾语，后面动词不定式短语to send messages over any distance是真正的宾语。故填it。 18．herself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：她对自己的角色有着深刻而全面的理解：她认为自己是一座连接专业、新疆民间音乐、现代乐器和世界的桥梁。根据句意可知，空处和句子主语指同一个人，表示“她自己”，应用反身代词herself作宾语。故填herself。 19．their 【详解】考查代词。句意：除了在餐馆给宠物享用特别的饭菜，许多主人还会购买礼品盒，与他们毛茸茸的伙伴一起庆祝新年。此处修饰名词pets，应用they的形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”。故填their。 20．it 【详解】考查代词。句意：他向所有人表明他反对这个计划。本空作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句，故用代词it作形式宾语。故填it。 I. 巩固练习： 1．It is amazing that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：令人惊叹的是，这里有超过8000座雕塑。“there are more than 8,000 statues.”是一个完整的句子，因此“令人惊叹的是”用固定句型It is amazing that...表达，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。故填It is amazing that。 2．It is convenient to 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：在我购买之前，比较不同网店的质量和价格是很方便的。“做某事是……的”常用固定句型“It is +形容词 +to do sth.”来表达，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式；“方便的”常见英文表达为convenient。故填It is convenient to。 3．it very difficult for you to focus on 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：花太多时间上网是不健康的，还会让你难以专注于生活中的其他事情。表示“让某人难以做……”此处用make it very difficult for sb. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语，形容词作宾补；表示“把精力放在”为focus on。故填it very difficult for you to focus on。 4．useful for you 【详解】考查固定句型和形容词。句意：通过略读来理解文章的大意对你来说很有用。根据“It is”可知，此处用固定句型“it is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”表示“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，“有用的”应用形容词useful，“你”用代词you。故填useful for you。 5． nothing more important than 【详解】考查不定代词，形容词比较级，连词。根据句意，“没有什么”可使用不定代词“nothing”，“更重要”可使用形容词比较级的形式，“重要的”使用形容词“important”，important是多音节形容词，因此比较级需要使用“more important”的形式。“比……”可使用连词“than”。故填①nothing；②more；③important；④than。 6．It occurred to me that/It struck/hit me that 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：我突然想到我所崇拜的那个乐队第二天要在国家体育场演出。由adored可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，“我突然想起”是固定句型It occurred to me that/It struck/hit me that，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此空格处是It occurred to me that/It struck/hit me that。故填It occurred to me that/It struck/hit me that。 7．It is widely acknowledged that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：大家公认，他是最伟大的诗人。根据中文提示可知，表示“大家公认”应用it is widely acknowledged that，时态与后文保持一致用一般现在时，其中it为形式主语，that后引导主语从句，且句首时首字母应大写。故填It is widely acknowledged that。 8．destroying my garden 【详解】考查非谓语动词、名词、形容词性物主代词。句意：我们院子里有一只鹿，它不断地毁坏我的花园。keep doing sth.“不停做某事”。表示“破坏”用destroy，用动名词，作keeps的宾语。表示“我的”用形容词性物主代词my，作定语，修饰名词“花园”。表示“花园”用名词garden，作destroying的宾语。故填destroying my garden。 9． committed/been itself/committed to 【详解】考查固定搭配和助动词用法。句意：政府已致力于改善健康教育。表示“致力于”应用固定搭配commit oneself to doing或be committed to doing，主语为government，所以反身代词应用itself，在助动词has后动词应用过去分词形式。故填①committed/been②itself/committed③to。 10．that’s where I come in 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：下一步是清除最后剩下的入侵物种，这就是我的切入点——带着我的狗。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，“我的切入点”表达为where I come in，where表引导表语从句。结合其他汉语提示，故填that’s where I come in。 拔高练习： A专项语篇型填空(代词) 本文讲述了作者举办的一次聚会，大家在聚会上都玩得很高兴，但也有美中不足之处。 1We/Everybody/Everyone/All这里表示"我们/每人/大家似乎都很开心"。 2.nothing/none 这里表示"几乎没有留下任何东西",故用nothing或 none。 3.both这里用both与后面的and 呼应,"both...and..."表示"两者都"。 4.they这里用they指代前面提到的"饺子"。 5.other"some other+可数名词复数"表示"一些其他的......"。 6.anything语境表示有些人说饺子很咸,然而一些其他的客人说一点也不咸。因此用anything but 表示"决不,根本不"。 7.something 这里用 something of 表示"算得上是......"。 8.all 前面说来的人很多,所以此处表示几乎所有的食物都被吃光了。 9.we语境说的是作者和他的朋友们在聚会中拍的照片不够多,这里 用代词we指代作者和参加聚会的那些朋友们。 10any这里用不定代词any代指前面的film,表示"一点也没有带"。 B语法填空 1．swept 2．or 3．shown 4．who 5．are 6．adjustment（s） 7．truly 8．effective 9．in 10．its 【分析】这是一篇议论文。谁更聪明？人类还是人工智能？AlphaGo在围棋领域击败了人类，但这能说明人工智能可以取代人类的大脑吗？不同的人对未来有不同的看法。 1．考查时态。根据从句中的“defeated”可知，此处的事情发生在过去，故主句应用一般过去时态。故填swept。 2．考查连词。句意：人工智能的全面发展，简而言之，可能意味着人类的终结。artificial intelligence或简称为AI。该空表示“或者”。故填or。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们真的要活在“终结者”电影里的世界里了吗？　　3　　（show）in the Terminator（终结者）movies是定语，修饰the world。the world和show之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填shown。 4．考查定语从句。　　4　　 is optimistic about the future是非限制性定语从句。修饰John Markoff。引导词在从句中作主语，指人，应该用who引导该从句。故填who。 5．考查时态与主谓一致。句意：像视觉和平衡这样的事物在我们的生活中是自然的，平凡的。这里说的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应该和things保持一致，故填are。 6．考查名词。空处在句中作making的宾语，需要用名词形式。故填adjustment（s）。 7．考查副词。空处在句中修饰谓语动词begin，需要用副词形式。故填truly。 8．考查形容词。该处考查make+宾语+宾语补足语结构，宾语补足语应该用形容词。且空前有more修饰，故该处填effective。 9．考查介词。句意：我们的命运由我们自己控制。表示“由某人控制”，应该用in one's hands。故填in。 10．考查代词。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词creators，故应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 【点睛】当所填的空在句中作谓语时，要从三个方面来考虑。第一：时态；第二：语态；第三：主谓一致。首先观察句子是否有明显的时间状语。如有，则根据时间状语判断句子时态。如果没有，则根据上下文语境来判断。其次，根据主语和谓语动词的逻辑关系判断句子语态。如果两者之间是被动关系，那么，该句则要用被动语态。此外，还要根据主谓一致原则，判断谓语动词的形式。例如，第5小题则可根据该规则来判断。 11．has started 12．but 或yet 13．them 14．journeys 15．reducing 16．is 17．gradually 18．to 19．a 20．worse 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新的自行车骑行方案，鼓励人们为了环境和自己的身体健康，多骑自行车。 11．考查动词时态。句意：因此，自2007年以来，该市开始了一项改善现状的计划。根据上文since 2007可知应用现在完成时表达现阶段已经完成的动作，since和现在完成时态连用。故填has started。 12．考查并列连词。句意：第一个半小时是免费的，但如果30分钟后不归还，就得付费。根据语境可知上下文为转折关系，故填but或yet。 13．考查人称代词。句意：在城市里有很多这样的人，而且自行车站比地铁站还多！of为介词后跟人称代词宾格形式做宾语，故填them。 14．考查名词的数。句意：这些自行车只适合短途旅行。journey为可数名词，前面没有冠词修饰，故填复数形式journeys。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：自行车项目不会解决我们所有的交通问题，但它可能在减少空气污染方面发挥作用。介词in 的宾语用动名词，故填reducing。 16．考查主谓一致。句意：交通和工厂的烟雾是一个大问题。当句子中together with ，along with ，with，as well， except等介词短语存在时，谓语动词单复数要和第一个主语的单复数保持一致，本句主语为Traffic。故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填is。 17．考查副词。句意：每个人都知道全球变暖和剧烈的气候变化——我们知道这部分是因为雨林正在逐渐消失。修饰动词disappear应用副词，故填gradually。 18．考查介词。句意：对于城市中的交通问题和污染，没有任何简单的答案。短语answers to problems“问题的答案”，故填to。 19．考查冠词。句意：自行车可以帮助人们过上更健康的生活。life为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个生活”，故填a。 20．考查形容词比较级。句意：除非我们现在采取行动，否则将会有更多的交通堵塞，气温将继续上升，所以我们的环境问题将会变得更糟。根据句意以及上文even可知应填形容词比较级worse，表示“更糟；更坏”。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $