Unit 4 Period 4 Listening and Talking& Reading for Writing（分层作业）英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 4 Period 4 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.space exploration 2.the International Space Station 3.get used to 4.float away 5.prepare and store 6.heat the food 7.do experiments 8.video call 9.fight against world hunger 10.record data 11.promote technological improvements 12.global problems 13.limited resources 14.argumentative essay structure 15.provide solutions 16.express curiosity 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.space 2.astronaut 3.prepared 4.float 5.record 6.promote 7.fight 8.limited 9.problems 10.experiments 11.video 12.heat 13.solutions 14.structure 15.curious 16.get used to 三、单句语法填空。 【答案】 1.devoting 2.astronaut 3.is prepared 4.of 5.exactly 6.improvements 7.to imagine 8.floating 9.limited 10.playing 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 【答案】 1.share; whether 2.comes; completely 3.for; while; against 4.Personally; convinced; significance 5.appreciate; share 6.beat fast; so 7.rushing through; with 8.without hesitation; offer 9.filled; lit up 10.hugged; words 五、阅读理解 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】文章讲述Sarah Toumi立志治沙，推行可持续农业并种树保护突尼斯农田。 1．细节理解题。 根据第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. (从九岁起，每逢假期她便陪同突尼斯籍父亲回到他位于突尼斯东部的老家，也正是从这时起，她助人的热情被唤醒。在那里，她为孩子们组织了作业辅导社团和各类活动。)”可知，假期去突尼斯的旅行激发了她帮助他人的热情。 2．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. (平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的加剧，导致突尼斯约75%的农田受到沙漠化的威胁。)”可知，农田沙漠化的主要原因是降雨量低。 3．推理判断题。 根据第四段中“In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. (2012年，Toumi继续追寻抗击沙漠的梦想。她搬到突尼斯，创办了一个名为人人种金合欢的项目，将自己的可持续农业理念付诸实践。)”以及最后一段中“Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (Toumi估算，大约需要300万棵金合欢树才能保护突尼斯的农田。)”可知，她成立这个项目是为了推广农田保护。 4．推理判断题。 根据第四段中“In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. (2012年，Toumi继续追寻抗击沙漠的梦想。她搬到突尼斯，创办了一个名为人人种金合欢的项目，将自己的可持续农业理念付诸实践。)”、“I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. (我想告诉农村地区的年轻人，他们可以在自己的地方创造机会。)”以及最后一段中“She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2028. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. (她预计到2028年种植100万棵树。未来几年，Toumi希望将项目扩展到阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥。)”及全文内容可知，全文讲述Sarah立志对抗沙漠化、践行可持续农业、坚持种树并推广项目，体现出她有责任心且意志坚定。 六、七选五 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．E 4．B 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。很多人做事有始无终，文章分析其动机变化原因，指出半途而废会削弱自信、增加重试难度，并给出拆分目标、坚持到底的方法。 1．根据上文“Many people find it hard to finish what they start. Picture a student learning a difficult piece of music, practicing hard each day. After a few weeks, progress slows, practice becomes less frequent, and eventually, the music is set aside and forgotten.(许多人发现自己很难完成已经开始的事情。想象一下，一个学生正在学习一首难度较大的乐曲，每天都在刻苦练习。几周之后，进步逐渐放缓，练习的频率也降低了，最终，这首乐曲被搁置一旁，被遗忘掉了)”以及后文“This pattern repeats in many parts of life: half-done projects, broken resolutions, and goals that lose their excitement before they are reached. (这种模式在生活的许多方面都会重复出现：未完成的项目、未兑现的承诺以及在未达成目标之前就失去热情的目标)”可知，前文举例学生练难的乐曲，进度放缓后放弃，将曲子搁置；后文提及生活中诸多未完成事项，C选项“它会成为未完成努力的象征”承接上文半途而废的事例，总起这类未竟努力的现象，衔接顺畅。故选C。 2．根据后文“Early excitement often comes from the fun and newness of a fresh start. This is where many efforts fail. As routine takes over and things get harder, that early energy can disappear, making us easily distracted or discouraged. Underestimating the effort makes it worse.(起初的兴奋往往源于新起点带来的乐趣和新鲜感。但正是在这种情况下，很多努力往往以失败告终。当常规事务占据主导地位，事情变得愈发艰难时，那种最初的激情就会消退，使我们容易分心或气馁。低估了所需的努力会使情况变得更糟)”可知，本段分析人们半途而废的原因：初始新鲜感褪去、难度上升、动力消失，G选项“要理解我们为何停止，我们必须审视动机是如何变化的”总起本段，引出对放弃原因的探究，符合段落逻辑。故选G。 3．根据上文“Not finishing affects more than just the task itself. It can quietly change how we see ourselves.(未完成的任务不仅会影响任务本身，还会悄然改变我们对自己的看法)”以及后文“For example, someone who often starts and stops a fitness plan may begin to think they lack self-control, which can make them question whether they can stick with other things, from schoolwork to personal projects.(例如，那些经常随意中断健身计划的人可能会开始认为自己缺乏自制力，这可能会让他们质疑自己能否坚持完成其他事情，比如学业或个人项目)”可知，前文指出半途而废会改变自我认知，后文举例健身计划半途而废会让人觉得自己缺乏自控力，E选项“这种循环会逐渐削弱我们的自我信任”点明半途而废的循环会削弱自我信任，承上启下。故选E。 4．根据上文“Stopping and restarting carries a significant mental cost. In fact, research has consistently shown that sticking with a task is the cornerstone of building solid skills and lasting habits. Quitting doesn’t just hit pause on our progress.(停止并重新开始会带来巨大的心理负担。事实上，研究一直表明，坚持完成一项任务是培养扎实技能和形成持久习惯的关键。放弃不仅会暂停我们的进步进程)”可知，前句“放弃不只是暂停进度”，B选项“这也会使再次尝试变得更加困难”中also体现递进关系，补充说明放弃还会让再次尝试变得极为困难，契合前文提及的放弃带来的心理代价。故选B。 5．根据上文“Becoming someone who finishes strong is therefore a skill that can be learned. A good approach is to break big goals into smaller, clear steps. This helps us see progress and makes the goal feel less scary.(因此，成为那种能够出色完成任务的人是一种可以习得的技能。一个有效的方法是将大目标分解为更小、更明确的步骤。这样做能帮助我们看到进展，从而使目标不再那么令人畏惧)”以及后文“Over time, following through consistently builds a reputation for being reliable. Teachers, friends, and future coworkers will notice this quality, leading to more trust and opportunities.(随着时间的推移，始终如一地坚持下去会建立起值得信赖的良好声誉。老师、朋友以及未来的同事都会注意到这一品质，从而获得更多的信任和机会)”可知，前文给出建议：将大目标拆分为小步骤，能感知进度、降低难度，D选项“这会培养我们面对放弃时的内在力量”说明这一做法的效果 —— 构建抗拒放弃的内在力量，并衔接后文坚持带来的长远益处。故选D。 七、完形填空 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】通过讲述一位善良老人帮助蝴蝶破茧，却导致蝴蝶无法飞行的故事，揭示了挣扎是成长旅程中必要部分的道理。 1．考查名词。句意：几天后，出现了一个小孔；他坐在那里，看着蝴蝶挣扎着把身体从那个小孔里挤出来，看了好几个小时。A. opening开口；B. shape形状；C. head头；D. shadow影子。根据后文“its body through that little hole”可知，茧子上出现了一个开口。 2．考查动词。句意：几天后，出现了一个小孔；他坐在那里，看着蝴蝶挣扎着把身体从那个小孔里挤出来，看了好几个小时。A. push推；B. force用力挤，强行通过；C. pull拉；D. bring带来。根据常识可知，蝴蝶破茧是用力把身体从小孔中挤出来。 3．考查副词。句意：它似乎已经竭尽全力，无法再前进了。A. longer（时间或距离上）更长；B. farther（距离上）更远；C. further（程度上）更进一步，更远；D. more更多。根据前文“It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could”和后文“Then the man decided to help the butterfly”可知，这里指蝴蝶在破茧过程中无法再取得进展。 4．考查形容词。句意：然后这个人决定帮助蝴蝶，于是他拿起一把剪刀，剪掉了茧子剩余的部分。A. little小的；B. extra额外的；C. following接下来的；D. remaining剩余的。根据上文“cut off”和后文“bit of the cocoon”可知，老人用剪刀剪掉茧子剩余阻碍蝴蝶出来的部分。 5．考查动词。句意：然后蝴蝶很容易就出来了。A. jumped跳；B. got得到；C. flew飞；D. escaped逃跑。根据上文“so he took a pair of scissors and cut off the _____bit of the cocoon.”可知，这里指蝴蝶从茧子里出来。 6．考查副词。句意：然而，它的身体很大，翅膀却很小。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. moreover此外。前文说蝴蝶轻松出来，后文说身体和翅膀的不理想状态，是转折关系，However符合语境。故选C。 7．考查名词。句意：这个人继续观察蝴蝶，因为他期待着，随时蝴蝶的翅膀会变大，展开来支撑它的身体，而身体会随着时间变小。A. legs腿；B. strength力量；C. ability能力；D. wings翅膀。根据后文“to be able to support the body”以及蝴蝶的生理结构，可知是期待翅膀变大来支撑身体。 8．考查介词短语。句意：这个人继续观察蝴蝶，因为他期待着，随时蝴蝶的翅膀会变大，展开来支撑它的身体，而身体会随着时间变小。A. in time及时，随着时间推移；B. on time按时；C. at a time一次；D. by the time到……时候为止。根据前文“would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would become smaller”可知，这里指随着时间翅膀会变大而身体会变小。 9．考查名词。句意：这位老人出于好心和急切，但没有理解的是，束缚的茧子和蝴蝶穿过小孔所需要的挣扎，是大自然将蝴蝶体内的液体从身体挤压到翅膀的方式，这样一旦它从茧中获得自由，就能为飞行做好准备。A. patience耐心；B. rudeness粗鲁；C. kindness善良；D. evil邪恶。根据前文“Then the man decided to help the butterfly”可知，老人帮助蝴蝶是出于善良。 10．考查名词。句意：这位老人出于好心和急切，但没有理解的是，束缚的茧子和蝴蝶穿过小孔所需要的挣扎，是大自然将蝴蝶体内的液体从身体挤压到翅膀的方式，这样一旦它从茧中获得自由，就能为飞行做好准备。A. effect影响；B. struggle挣扎；C. fight战斗；D. suffer痛苦（动词）。前文“as it struggled to _____ its body through that little hole.”提到蝴蝶挣扎着破茧，这里指破茧所需的挣扎。 11．考查名词。句意：这位老人出于好心和急切，但没有理解的是，束缚的茧子和蝴蝶穿过小孔所需要的挣扎，是大自然将蝴蝶体内的液体从身体挤压到翅膀的方式，这样一旦它从茧中获得自由，就能为飞行做好准备。A. flight飞行；B. survival生存；C. power力量；D. balance平衡。根据前文“the body of the butterfly into its wings”以及后文“the flight”可知，蝴蝶有翅膀是为了飞行，所以是为飞行做准备。 12．考查介词。句意：这位老人出于好心和急切，但没有理解的是，束缚的茧子和蝴蝶穿过小孔所需要的挣扎，是大自然将蝴蝶体内的液体从身体挤压到翅膀的方式，这样一旦它从茧中获得自由，就能为飞行做好准备。A. out出去（副词，后不直接接名词）；B. off离开；C. away远离；D. from从……。根据前文“freedom”以及后文“the cocoon”并结合常识可知，蝴蝶从茧中获得自由后，就能为飞行做好准备，freedom from“从……中获得自由”。 13．考查动词。句意：有时候，挣扎不是障碍，而是旅程中必要的部分，为我们未来的飞翔做准备。A. preparing准备；B. encouraging鼓励；C. promoting促进；D. inspiring激励。根据前文“be ready for”可知，挣扎为未来的飞翔做准备。 14．考查名词。句意：真正的力量不是在没有挣扎的情况下建立起来的，而是在挣扎的过程中建立起来的。A. presence存在；B. lack缺乏；C. absence缺席，不存在；D. feature特征。根据后文“but right in the middle of it”可知，与在挣扎过程中形成对比，这里指没有挣扎的情况。 15．考查动词。句意：如果我们的生活没有任何挑战，这会阻碍我们变得成熟。A. benefit使受益；B. disable使失去能力，阻碍；C. protect保护；D. save拯救。根据前文“without any challenges”并结合蝴蝶的故事可知，没有挑战会阻碍我们成熟。 $Unit 4 Period 4 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.太空探索____________________ 2.国际空间站____________________ 3.习惯于____________________ 4.漂浮开____________________ 5.准备并储存____________________ 6.加热食物____________________ 7.做实验____________________ 8.视频通话____________________ 9.对抗世界饥饿____________________ 10.记录数据____________________ 11.促进技术进步____________________ 12.全球问题____________________ 13.有限的资源____________________ 14.议论文结构____________________ 15.提供解决方案____________________ 16.表达好奇____________________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.Many countries are working together on ____________ (太空) exploration. 2.The brave ____________ (宇航员) has spent over five months in space. 3.All the food is well ____________ (准备) and stored before the flight. 4.In space, small things easily ____________ (漂浮) away without gravity. 5.Scientists need to ____________ (记录) every detail of the weather data. 6.New technology will greatly ____________ (促进) the development of medicine. 7.We should take action to ____________ (对抗) hunger around the world. 8.Everyone should know that Earth’s resources are ____________ (有限的). 9.More efforts are needed to solve these serious global ____________ (问题). 10.The astronaut spent most of his time doing scientific ____________ (实验). 11.He enjoys making a weekly ____________ (视频) call with his family on Earth. 12.Remember to ____________ (加热) the frozen food before you enjoy it. 13.Space exploration helps us find better ____________ (解决办法) to human problems. 14.This passage has a clear ____________ (结构) of an argumentative essay. 15.Most students are ____________ (好奇的) about the secret of life in space. 16.It takes time to ____________ (习惯于) the special life in space station. 三、单句语法填空。 1.Space exploration is very important, so many countries are ____________ (devote) time and money to it. 2.The brave ____________ (astronaut) has lived and worked in space for more than five months. 3.All the food ____________ (prepare) and stored before the astronauts go into space. 4.In space, water and small things may float away because ____________ the loss of gravity. 5.These satellites help us record data ____________ (exact) and improve farming on Earth. 6.Space technology has promoted many ____________ (improve) in medical equipment. 7.It is hard for us ____________ (imagine) life without gravity in the space station. 8.The astronaut is used to ____________ (float) around in the station every day. 9.We must realize that the earth’s resources are ____________ (limit), so we need new homes. 10.He spends his free time ____________ (play) the guitar and chess in space. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.我写信是想向你分享我们班关于太空探索是否值得的热烈讨论。 I am writing to ________ with you the heated discussion in our class about ________ space exploration is worth the cost. 2.当谈到是否应该发展太空探索时，不同的人持有截然不同的态度。 When it ________ to whether we should develop space exploration, different people hold ________ different attitudes. 3.一些人支持它是因为它能带来新技术，然而另一些人反对它是因为它耗资巨大。 Some people are ________ it because it can bring new technologies, ________ others are ________ it because it costs too much. 4.就我个人而言，我坚信太空探索对人类的未来具有重要意义。 ________ speaking, I am firmly ________ that space exploration is of great ________ to human’s future. 5.如果你能分享你的观点，我将不胜感激。 I would highly ________ it if you could ________ your opinions with us. 6.他激动得心跳加速，站在那里一句话也说不出来。 His heart ________ ________ with excitement, ________ he stood there, unable to say a word. 7.看到这幅景象，她感到一股暖流涌上心头，眼中含着泪水。 Seeing the sight, she felt a warm current ________ ________ her heart, ________ tears in her eyes. 8.他毫不犹豫地冲了过去，尽自己最大的努力提供帮助。 He rushed forward ________ ________ ________, trying his best to ________ a helping hand. 9.夜空中繁星点点，月光照亮了整个安静的世界。 The night sky was ________ with bright stars, and the moonlight ________ the whole quiet world. 10.她紧紧地拥抱着我，感激之情难以用语言表达。 She ________ me tightly in her arms, and her gratitude was beyond ________. 五、阅读理解 （2025-2026高一下·广东·期中）As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化). “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable (可持续的) crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers (肥料) rather than chemicals. In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.” By September 2016, more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2028. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. 1．How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her? A．They fired her enthusiasm for helping others. B．They helped her better understand her father. C．They made her decide to leave the country. D．They destroyed her dream of being a teacher. 2．What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland? A．Cold weather. B．Soil pollution. C．Low rainfall. D．Forest damage. 3．Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia? A．To create job opportunities for young people. B．To promote the protection of their farmland. C．To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. D．To help the children obtain a basic education. 4．Which of the following can best describe Sarah? A．Strict and intelligent. B．Responsible and determined. C．Ambitious but self-doubting. D．Humble but inexperienced. 六、七选五 （2025-2026高一上·湖北武汉·期末）Many people find it hard to finish what they start. Picture a student learning a difficult piece of music, practicing hard each day. After a few weeks, progress slows, practice becomes less frequent, and eventually, the music is set aside and forgotten. 1 This pattern repeats in many parts of life: half-done projects, broken resolutions, and goals that lose their excitement before they are reached. 2 Early excitement often comes from the fun and newness of a fresh start. This is where many efforts fail. As routine takes over and things get harder, that early energy can disappear, making us easily distracted or discouraged. Underestimating the effort makes it worse. Not finishing affects more than just the task itself. It can quietly change how we see ourselves. 3 For example, someone who often starts and stops a fitness plan may begin to think they lack self-control, which can make them question whether they can stick with other things, from schoolwork to personal projects. Stopping and restarting carries a significant mental cost. In fact, research has consistently shown that sticking with a task is the cornerstone of building solid skills and lasting habits. Quitting doesn’t just hit pause on our progress. 4 Becoming someone who finishes strong is therefore a skill that can be learned. A good approach is to break big goals into smaller, clear steps. This helps us see progress and makes the goal feel less scary. 5 Over time, following through consistently builds a reputation for being reliable. Teachers, friends, and future coworkers will notice this quality, leading to more trust and opportunities. A．Obstacles are necessary steps. B．It also makes trying again far harder. C．It becomes a symbol of unfinished efforts. D．This builds inner strength against quitting. E．This cycle gradually weakens our self-trust. F．Each quit adds to the mental difficulty of trying again. G．To understand why we stop, we must look at how motivation changes. 七、完形填空 （2025-2026高一下·浙江·期中）Once upon a time in a land far far away, there was a wonderful old man who loved everything. Animals, spiders, insects… One day while walking through the woods the nice old man found a cocoon (茧子) of a butterfly. He took it home. A few days later, a small 1 appeared; he sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to 2 its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no 3 . Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and cut off the 4 bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then 5 out easily. 6 , it had a large body and small wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the 7 would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would become smaller 8 . Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a large body and small wings. It never was able to fly. What the man in his 9 and hurry did not understand was that the restricting (束缚的) cocoon and the 10 required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature’s way of forcing its fluid (体液) from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for 11 once it achieved its freedom 12 the cocoon. Sometimes struggles are not barriers (障碍), but necessary parts of the journey, 13 us for the flight ahead. True strength is built not in the 14 of struggle, but right in the middle of it. If we were allowed to go through our life without any challenges, it would 15 us from becoming mature (成熟的). We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly. 1．A．opening B．shape C．head D．shadow 2．A．push B．force C．pull D．bring 3．A．longer B．farther C．further D．more 4．A．little B．extra C．following D．remaining 5．A．jumped B．got C．flew D．escaped 6．A．Besides B．Therefore C．However D．moreover 7．A．legs B．strength C．ability D．wings 8．A．in time B．on time C．at a time D．by the time 9．A．patience B．rudeness C．kindness D．evil 10．A．effect B．struggle C．fight D．suffer 11．A．flight B．survival C．power D．balance 12．A．out B．off C．away D．from 13．A．preparing B．encouraging C．promoting D．inspiring 14．A．presence B．lack C．absence D．feature 15．A．benefit B．disable C．protect D．save $Unit 4 Period 4 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.太空探索____________________ 2.国际空间站____________________ 3.习惯于____________________ 4.漂浮开____________________ 5.准备并储存____________________ 6.加热食物____________________ 7.做实验____________________ 8.视频通话____________________ 9.对抗世界饥饿____________________ 10.记录数据____________________ 11.促进技术进步____________________ 12.全球问题____________________ 13.有限的资源____________________ 14.议论文结构____________________ 15.提供解决方案____________________ 16.表达好奇____________________ 【答案】 1.space exploration 2.the International Space Station 3.get used to 4.float away 5.prepare and store 6.heat the food 7.do experiments 8.video call 9.fight against world hunger 10.record data 11.promote technological improvements 12.global problems 13.limited resources 14.argumentative essay structure 15.provide solutions 16.express curiosity 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.Many countries are working together on ____________ (太空) exploration. 2.The brave ____________ (宇航员) has spent over five months in space. 3.All the food is well ____________ (准备) and stored before the flight. 4.In space, small things easily ____________ (漂浮) away without gravity. 5.Scientists need to ____________ (记录) every detail of the weather data. 6.New technology will greatly ____________ (促进) the development of medicine. 7.We should take action to ____________ (对抗) hunger around the world. 8.Everyone should know that Earth’s resources are ____________ (有限的). 9.More efforts are needed to solve these serious global ____________ (问题). 10.The astronaut spent most of his time doing scientific ____________ (实验). 11.He enjoys making a weekly ____________ (视频) call with his family on Earth. 12.Remember to ____________ (加热) the frozen food before you enjoy it. 13.Space exploration helps us find better ____________ (解决办法) to human problems. 14.This passage has a clear ____________ (结构) of an argumentative essay. 15.Most students are ____________ (好奇的) about the secret of life in space. 16.It takes time to ____________ (习惯于) the special life in space station. 【答案】 1.space 2.astronaut 3.prepared 4.float 5.record 6.promote 7.fight 8.limited 9.problems 10.experiments 11.video 12.heat 13.solutions 14.structure 15.curious 16.get used to 三、单句语法填空。 1.Space exploration is very important, so many countries are ____________ (devote) time and money to it. 2.The brave ____________ (astronaut) has lived and worked in space for more than five months. 3.All the food ____________ (prepare) and stored before the astronauts go into space. 4.In space, water and small things may float away because ____________ the loss of gravity. 5.These satellites help us record data ____________ (exact) and improve farming on Earth. 6.Space technology has promoted many ____________ (improve) in medical equipment. 7.It is hard for us ____________ (imagine) life without gravity in the space station. 8.The astronaut is used to ____________ (float) around in the station every day. 9.We must realize that the earth’s resources are ____________ (limit), so we need new homes. 10.He spends his free time ____________ (play) the guitar and chess in space. 【答案】 1.devoting 2.astronaut 3.is prepared 4.of 5.exactly 6.improvements 7.to imagine 8.floating 9.limited 10.playing 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.我写信是想向你分享我们班关于太空探索是否值得的热烈讨论。 I am writing to ________ with you the heated discussion in our class about ________ space exploration is worth the cost. 2.当谈到是否应该发展太空探索时，不同的人持有截然不同的态度。 When it ________ to whether we should develop space exploration, different people hold ________ different attitudes. 3.一些人支持它是因为它能带来新技术，然而另一些人反对它是因为它耗资巨大。 Some people are ________ it because it can bring new technologies, ________ others are ________ it because it costs too much. 4.就我个人而言，我坚信太空探索对人类的未来具有重要意义。 ________ speaking, I am firmly ________ that space exploration is of great ________ to human’s future. 5.如果你能分享你的观点，我将不胜感激。 I would highly ________ it if you could ________ your opinions with us. 6.他激动得心跳加速，站在那里一句话也说不出来。 His heart ________ ________ with excitement, ________ he stood there, unable to say a word. 7.看到这幅景象，她感到一股暖流涌上心头，眼中含着泪水。 Seeing the sight, she felt a warm current ________ ________ her heart, ________ tears in her eyes. 8.他毫不犹豫地冲了过去，尽自己最大的努力提供帮助。 He rushed forward ________ ________ ________, trying his best to ________ a helping hand. 9.夜空中繁星点点，月光照亮了整个安静的世界。 The night sky was ________ with bright stars, and the moonlight ________ the whole quiet world. 10.她紧紧地拥抱着我，感激之情难以用语言表达。 She ________ me tightly in her arms, and her gratitude was beyond ________. 【答案】 1.share; whether 2.comes; completely 3.for; while; against 4.Personally; convinced; significance 5.appreciate; share 6.beat fast; so 7.rushing through; with 8.without hesitation; offer 9.filled; lit up 10.hugged; words 五、阅读理解 （2025-2026高一下·广东·期中）As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化). “Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable (可持续的) crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers (肥料) rather than chemicals. In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.” By September 2016, more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2028. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. 1．How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her? A．They fired her enthusiasm for helping others. B．They helped her better understand her father. C．They made her decide to leave the country. D．They destroyed her dream of being a teacher. 2．What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland? A．Cold weather. B．Soil pollution. C．Low rainfall. D．Forest damage. 3．Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia? A．To create job opportunities for young people. B．To promote the protection of their farmland. C．To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. D．To help the children obtain a basic education. 4．Which of the following can best describe Sarah? A．Strict and intelligent. B．Responsible and determined. C．Ambitious but self-doubting. D．Humble but inexperienced. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】文章讲述Sarah Toumi立志治沙，推行可持续农业并种树保护突尼斯农田。 1．细节理解题。 根据第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. (从九岁起，每逢假期她便陪同突尼斯籍父亲回到他位于突尼斯东部的老家，也正是从这时起，她助人的热情被唤醒。在那里，她为孩子们组织了作业辅导社团和各类活动。)”可知，假期去突尼斯的旅行激发了她帮助他人的热情。 2．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. (平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的加剧，导致突尼斯约75%的农田受到沙漠化的威胁。)”可知，农田沙漠化的主要原因是降雨量低。 3．推理判断题。 根据第四段中“In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. (2012年，Toumi继续追寻抗击沙漠的梦想。她搬到突尼斯，创办了一个名为人人种金合欢的项目，将自己的可持续农业理念付诸实践。)”以及最后一段中“Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (Toumi估算，大约需要300万棵金合欢树才能保护突尼斯的农田。)”可知，她成立这个项目是为了推广农田保护。 4．推理判断题。 根据第四段中“In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. (2012年，Toumi继续追寻抗击沙漠的梦想。她搬到突尼斯，创办了一个名为人人种金合欢的项目，将自己的可持续农业理念付诸实践。)”、“I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. (我想告诉农村地区的年轻人，他们可以在自己的地方创造机会。)”以及最后一段中“She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2028. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. (她预计到2028年种植100万棵树。未来几年，Toumi希望将项目扩展到阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥。)”及全文内容可知，全文讲述Sarah立志对抗沙漠化、践行可持续农业、坚持种树并推广项目，体现出她有责任心且意志坚定。 六、七选五 （2025-2026高一上·湖北武汉·期末）Many people find it hard to finish what they start. Picture a student learning a difficult piece of music, practicing hard each day. After a few weeks, progress slows, practice becomes less frequent, and eventually, the music is set aside and forgotten. 1 This pattern repeats in many parts of life: half-done projects, broken resolutions, and goals that lose their excitement before they are reached. 2 Early excitement often comes from the fun and newness of a fresh start. This is where many efforts fail. As routine takes over and things get harder, that early energy can disappear, making us easily distracted or discouraged. Underestimating the effort makes it worse. Not finishing affects more than just the task itself. It can quietly change how we see ourselves. 3 For example, someone who often starts and stops a fitness plan may begin to think they lack self-control, which can make them question whether they can stick with other things, from schoolwork to personal projects. Stopping and restarting carries a significant mental cost. In fact, research has consistently shown that sticking with a task is the cornerstone of building solid skills and lasting habits. Quitting doesn’t just hit pause on our progress. 4 Becoming someone who finishes strong is therefore a skill that can be learned. A good approach is to break big goals into smaller, clear steps. This helps us see progress and makes the goal feel less scary. 5 Over time, following through consistently builds a reputation for being reliable. Teachers, friends, and future coworkers will notice this quality, leading to more trust and opportunities. A．Obstacles are necessary steps. B．It also makes trying again far harder. C．It becomes a symbol of unfinished efforts. D．This builds inner strength against quitting. E．This cycle gradually weakens our self-trust. F．Each quit adds to the mental difficulty of trying again. G．To understand why we stop, we must look at how motivation changes. 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．E 4．B 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。很多人做事有始无终，文章分析其动机变化原因，指出半途而废会削弱自信、增加重试难度，并给出拆分目标、坚持到底的方法。 1．根据上文“Many people find it hard to finish what they start. Picture a student learning a difficult piece of music, practicing hard each day. After a few weeks, progress slows, practice becomes less frequent, and eventually, the music is set aside and forgotten.(许多人发现自己很难完成已经开始的事情。想象一下，一个学生正在学习一首难度较大的乐曲，每天都在刻苦练习。几周之后，进步逐渐放缓，练习的频率也降低了，最终，这首乐曲被搁置一旁，被遗忘掉了)”以及后文“This pattern repeats in many parts of life: half-done projects, broken resolutions, and goals that lose their excitement before they are reached. (这种模式在生活的许多方面都会重复出现：未完成的项目、未兑现的承诺以及在未达成目标之前就失去热情的目标)”可知，前文举例学生练难的乐曲，进度放缓后放弃，将曲子搁置；后文提及生活中诸多未完成事项，C选项“它会成为未完成努力的象征”承接上文半途而废的事例，总起这类未竟努力的现象，衔接顺畅。故选C。 2．根据后文“Early excitement often comes from the fun and newness of a fresh start. This is where many efforts fail. As routine takes over and things get harder, that early energy can disappear, making us easily distracted or discouraged. Underestimating the effort makes it worse.(起初的兴奋往往源于新起点带来的乐趣和新鲜感。但正是在这种情况下，很多努力往往以失败告终。当常规事务占据主导地位，事情变得愈发艰难时，那种最初的激情就会消退，使我们容易分心或气馁。低估了所需的努力会使情况变得更糟)”可知，本段分析人们半途而废的原因：初始新鲜感褪去、难度上升、动力消失，G选项“要理解我们为何停止，我们必须审视动机是如何变化的”总起本段，引出对放弃原因的探究，符合段落逻辑。故选G。 3．根据上文“Not finishing affects more than just the task itself. It can quietly change how we see ourselves.(未完成的任务不仅会影响任务本身，还会悄然改变我们对自己的看法)”以及后文“For example, someone who often starts and stops a fitness plan may begin to think they lack self-control, which can make them question whether they can stick with other things, from schoolwork to personal projects.(例如，那些经常随意中断健身计划的人可能会开始认为自己缺乏自制力，这可能会让他们质疑自己能否坚持完成其他事情，比如学业或个人项目)”可知，前文指出半途而废会改变自我认知，后文举例健身计划半途而废会让人觉得自己缺乏自控力，E选项“这种循环会逐渐削弱我们的自我信任”点明半途而废的循环会削弱自我信任，承上启下。故选E。 4．根据上文“Stopping and restarting carries a significant mental cost. In fact, research has consistently shown that sticking with a task is the cornerstone of building solid skills and lasting habits. Quitting doesn’t just hit pause on our progress.(停止并重新开始会带来巨大的心理负担。事实上，研究一直表明，坚持完成一项任务是培养扎实技能和形成持久习惯的关键。放弃不仅会暂停我们的进步进程)”可知，前句“放弃不只是暂停进度”，B选项“这也会使再次尝试变得更加困难”中also体现递进关系，补充说明放弃还会让再次尝试变得极为困难，契合前文提及的放弃带来的心理代价。故选B。 5．根据上文“Becoming someone who finishes strong is therefore a skill that can be learned. A good approach is to break big goals into smaller, clear steps. This helps us see progress and makes the goal feel less scary.(因此，成为那种能够出色完成任务的人是一种可以习得的技能。一个有效的方法是将大目标分解为更小、更明确的步骤。这样做能帮助我们看到进展，从而使目标不再那么令人畏惧)”以及后文“Over time, following through consistently builds a reputation for being reliable. Teachers, friends, and future coworkers will notice this quality, leading to more trust and opportunities.(随着时间的推移，始终如一地坚持下去会建立起值得信赖的良好声誉。老师、朋友以及未来的同事都会注意到这一品质，从而获得更多的信任和机会)”可知，前文给出建议：将大目标拆分为小步骤，能感知进度、降低难度，D选项“这会培养我们面对放弃时的内在力量”说明这一做法的效果 —— 构建抗拒放弃的内在力量，并衔接后文坚持带来的长远益处。故选D。 七、完形填空 （2025-2026高一下·浙江·期中）Once upon a time in a land far far away, there was a wonderful old man who loved everything. Animals, spiders, insects… One day while walking through the woods the nice old man found a cocoon (茧子) of a butterfly. He took it home. A few days later, a small 1 appeared; he sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to 2 its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no 3 . Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and cut off the 4 bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then 5 out easily. 6 , it had a large body and small wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the 7 would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would become smaller 8 . Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a large body and small wings. It never was able to fly. What the man in his 9 and hurry did not understand was that the restricting (束缚的) cocoon and the 10 required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature’s way of forcing its fluid (体液) from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for 11 once it achieved its freedom 12 the cocoon. Sometimes struggles are not barriers (障碍), but necessary parts of the journey, 13 us for the flight ahead. True strength is built not in the 14 of struggle, but right in the middle of it. If we were allowed to go through our life without any challenges, it would 15 us from becoming mature (成熟的). We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly. 1．A．opening B．shape C．head D．shadow 2．A．push B．force C．pull D．bring 3．A．longer B．farther C．further D．more 4．A．little B．extra C．following D．remaining 5．A．jumped B．got C．flew D．escaped 6．A．Besides B．Therefore C．However D．moreover 7．A．legs B．strength C．ability D．wings 8．A．in time B．on time C．at a time D．by the time 9．A．patience B．rudeness C．kindness D．evil 10．A．effect B．struggle C．fight D．suffer 11．A．flight B．survival C．power D．balance 12．A．out B．off C．away D．from 13．A．preparing B．encouraging C．promoting D．inspiring 14．A．presence B．lack C．absence D．feature 15．A．benefit B．disable C．protect D．save 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】通过讲述一位善良老人帮助蝴蝶破茧，却导致蝴蝶无法飞行的故事，揭示了挣扎是成长旅程中必要部分的道理。 1．考查名词。句意：几天后，出现了一个小孔；他坐在那里，看着蝴蝶挣扎着把身体从那个小孔里挤出来，看了好几个小时。A. opening开口；B. shape形状；C. head头；D. shadow影子。根据后文“its body through that little hole”可知，茧子上出现了一个开口。 2．考查动词。句意：几天后，出现了一个小孔；他坐在那里，看着蝴蝶挣扎着把身体从那个小孔里挤出来，看了好几个小时。A. push推；B. force用力挤，强行通过；C. pull拉；D. bring带来。根据常识可知，蝴蝶破茧是用力把身体从小孔中挤出来。 3．考查副词。句意：它似乎已经竭尽全力，无法再前进了。A. longer（时间或距离上）更长；B. farther（距离上）更远；C. further（程度上）更进一步，更远；D. more更多。根据前文“It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could”和后文“Then the man decided to help the butterfly”可知，这里指蝴蝶在破茧过程中无法再取得进展。 4．考查形容词。句意：然后这个人决定帮助蝴蝶，于是他拿起一把剪刀，剪掉了茧子剩余的部分。A. little小的；B. extra额外的；C. following接下来的；D. remaining剩余的。根据上文“cut off”和后文“bit of the cocoon”可知，老人用剪刀剪掉茧子剩余阻碍蝴蝶出来的部分。 5．考查动词。句意：然后蝴蝶很容易就出来了。A. jumped跳；B. got得到；C. flew飞；D. escaped逃跑。根据上文“so he took a pair of scissors and cut off the _____bit of the cocoon.”可知，这里指蝴蝶从茧子里出来。 6．考查副词。句意：然而，它的身体很大，翅膀却很小。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. moreover此外。前文说蝴蝶轻松出来，后文说身体和翅膀的不理想状态，是转折关系，However符合语境。故选C。 7．考查名词。句意：这个人继续观察蝴蝶，因为他期待着，随时蝴蝶的翅膀会变大，展开来支撑它的身体，而身体会随着时间变小。A. legs腿；B. strength力量；C. ability能力；D. wings翅膀。根据后文“to be able to support the body”以及蝴蝶的生理结构，可知是期待翅膀变大来支撑身体。 8．考查介词短语。句意：这个人继续观察蝴蝶，因为他期待着，随时蝴蝶的翅膀会变大，展开来支撑它的身体，而身体会随着时间变小。A. in time及时，随着时间推移；B. on time按时；C. at a time一次；D. by the time到……时候为止。根据前文“would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would become smaller”可知，这里指随着时间翅膀会变大而身体会变小。 9．考查名词。句意：这位老人出于好心和急切，但没有理解的是，束缚的茧子和蝴蝶穿过小孔所需要的挣扎，是大自然将蝴蝶体内的液体从身体挤压到翅膀的方式，这样一旦它从茧中获得自由，就能为飞行做好准备。A. patience耐心；B. rudeness粗鲁；C. kindness善良；D. evil邪恶。根据前文“Then the man decided to help the butterfly”可知，老人帮助蝴蝶是出于善良。 10．考查名词。句意：这位老人出于好心和急切，但没有理解的是，束缚的茧子和蝴蝶穿过小孔所需要的挣扎，是大自然将蝴蝶体内的液体从身体挤压到翅膀的方式，这样一旦它从茧中获得自由，就能为飞行做好准备。A. effect影响；B. struggle挣扎；C. fight战斗；D. suffer痛苦（动词）。前文“as it struggled to _____ its body through that little hole.”提到蝴蝶挣扎着破茧，这里指破茧所需的挣扎。 11．考查名词。句意：这位老人出于好心和急切，但没有理解的是，束缚的茧子和蝴蝶穿过小孔所需要的挣扎，是大自然将蝴蝶体内的液体从身体挤压到翅膀的方式，这样一旦它从茧中获得自由，就能为飞行做好准备。A. flight飞行；B. survival生存；C. power力量；D. balance平衡。根据前文“the body of the butterfly into its wings”以及后文“the flight”可知，蝴蝶有翅膀是为了飞行，所以是为飞行做准备。 12．考查介词。句意：这位老人出于好心和急切，但没有理解的是，束缚的茧子和蝴蝶穿过小孔所需要的挣扎，是大自然将蝴蝶体内的液体从身体挤压到翅膀的方式，这样一旦它从茧中获得自由，就能为飞行做好准备。A. out出去（副词，后不直接接名词）；B. off离开；C. away远离；D. from从……。根据前文“freedom”以及后文“the cocoon”并结合常识可知，蝴蝶从茧中获得自由后，就能为飞行做好准备，freedom from“从……中获得自由”。 13．考查动词。句意：有时候，挣扎不是障碍，而是旅程中必要的部分，为我们未来的飞翔做准备。A. preparing准备；B. encouraging鼓励；C. promoting促进；D. inspiring激励。根据前文“be ready for”可知，挣扎为未来的飞翔做准备。 14．考查名词。句意：真正的力量不是在没有挣扎的情况下建立起来的，而是在挣扎的过程中建立起来的。A. presence存在；B. lack缺乏；C. absence缺席，不存在；D. feature特征。根据后文“but right in the middle of it”可知，与在挣扎过程中形成对比，这里指没有挣扎的情况。 15．考查动词。句意：如果我们的生活没有任何挑战，这会阻碍我们变得成熟。A. benefit使受益；B. disable使失去能力，阻碍；C. protect保护；D. save拯救。根据前文“without any challenges”并结合蝴蝶的故事可知，没有挑战会阻碍我们成熟。 $