Unit 8语法专项 反身代词（-self 和 -selves）课件 2025-2026学年沪外教版八年级英语上册

教学课件 沪外教英语八年级上册 Unit 8语法专项—— 反身代词（-self 和 -selves） 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 理解反身代词的含义、构成规则及功能 牢记人称代词与反身代词的对应关系 掌握反身代词作宾语、同位语及固定搭配用法 能区分反身代词单复数，避免人称对应错误 熟练完成单选、填空、句型转换、改错等题型 写作中正确运用反身代词，丰富表达 反身代词基本概念 含义：表示“某人自己、某物本身”，强调动作作用于自身 标志：词尾为 -self（单数）或 -selves（复数） 本质：代替与主语一致的宾语，体现“主语=宾语” 例：I hurt myself.（我伤到了自己） 特点：必须与主语的人称、数保持一致 反身代词构成表（必背） 人称代词 反身代词（单数） 反身代词（复数） 备注 I（我） myself — 单数第一人称 you（你） yourself yourselves（你们） 第二人称单复数 he（他） himself — 单数第三人称（男性） she（她） herself — 单数第三人称（女性） it（它） itself — 单数第三人称（事物） we（我们） — ourselves 复数第一人称 they（他们/她们/它们） — themselves 复数第三人称 构成规则总结 单数反身代词：人称代词宾格/物主代词 + -self 例：he → himself；she → herself；it → itself 复数反身代词：人称代词宾格/物主代词 + -selves 例：we → ourselves；they → themselves 易错提醒：you（你）→ yourself；you（你们）→ yourselves 口诀：单数加self，复数selves；人称要对应，数要分清楚 用法1：作宾语（主语=宾语） 核心：动作的承受者就是主语本身，反身代词作宾语 常用动词：protect, hurt, enjoy, look after, teach, dress 例句1：She can dress herself.（她能自己穿衣服） 例句2：We protect ourselves from danger.（我们保护自己免受危险） 注意：主语和宾语必须是同一个人/物，否则不用反身代词 作宾语例句拓展 He hurt himself when playing basketball. I teach myself English every day. The little boy can wash himself alone. They often remind themselves to be careful. She found herself in a new place. 用法2：作同位语（强调作用） 核心：放在名词/代词后，强调“亲自、本人、本身” 作用：加强语气，可省略，不影响句子结构 例句1：I did the homework by myself.（我亲自做的作业） 例句2：The book itself is very useful.（这本书本身很有用） 标志：通常放在被强调的名词/代词后面，前后用逗号隔开 作同位语例句拓展 My mother herself cooked dinner for us. The students themselves finished the project. The machine itself is not expensive. He himself told me the good news. We ourselves should solve the problem. 用法3：固定搭配（高频必考） by oneself = alone（独自、亲自） 例：She went to school by herself. enjoy oneself = have a good time（玩得开心） 例：We enjoyed ourselves at the party. look after oneself = take care of oneself（照顾自己） 例：Old people should look after themselves. teach oneself = learn by oneself（自学） 例：He taught himself to play the guitar. 固定搭配拓展（补充） lose oneself in = be lost in（沉浸于） 例：I lost myself in reading a storybook. help oneself to（随便吃/用） 例：Help yourself to some fruit. hurt oneself（伤到自己） 例：Be careful not to hurt yourself. keep oneself healthy（保持自身健康） 例：We should keep ourselves healthy. 核心用法对比表 用法 含义 例句 作宾语 动作作用于主语自身 She can look after herself. 作同位语 强调“亲自、本身” He himself did the experiment. 固定搭配 固定短语，有特定含义 They enjoyed themselves last night. 常见错误1：人称对应错误 错误：I finished the work by yourself.（I 对应 myself） 正确：I finished the work by myself. 错误：She teaches herself English.（正确） 错误：They hurt themselves.（正确） 错误：We look after himself.（we 对应 ourselves） 正确：We look after ourselves. 常见错误2：单复数错误 错误：He enjoyed himself.（正确） 错误：We enjoyed ourself.（we 对应复数 ourselves） 正确：We enjoyed ourselves. 错误：They did it by theirself.（they 对应 themselves） 正确：They did it by themselves. 常见错误3：误用普通代词 错误：I can look after me.（动作作用于自身，用反身代词） 正确：I can look after myself. 错误：She hurt her.（正确：She hurt herself.） 错误：He teaches he English.（正确：He teaches himself English.） 解题技巧1：人称对应法 第一步：找到句子主语，确定人称（I/you/he/she/we/they/it） 第二步：根据主语的人称和数，选择对应的反身代词 第三步：检查是否符合“主语=宾语”（作宾语时） 例：主语是we → 反身代词用ourselves 解题技巧2：固定搭配记忆法 牢记4个核心固定搭配（by oneself/enjoy oneself等） 看到alone → 对应by oneself 看到have a good time → 对应enjoy oneself 看到take care of oneself → 对应look after oneself 题型一：单项选择（1） 1.I can finish my homework by ___________. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herself 2.She looks after ___________ very well when her parents are away. A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself 3.The dog hurt ___________ when it ran after a cat. A. myself B. itself C. himself D. themselves 4.We enjoyed ___________ at the picnic last weekend. A. myself B. yourself C. ourselves D. themselves 5.He taught ___________ to swim during the summer holiday. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herself A C B C C 6.They built the tent by ___________ without any help. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. themselves 7.You should take care of ___________ when you are alone at home. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. herself 8.The storybook ___________ is very interesting, not the pictures. A. myself B. itself C. himself D. themselves 9.We should protect ___________ from the cold weather. A. myself B. yourself C. ourselves D. themselves 10.She made a birthday cake for ___________ on her birthday. A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself D B B C C 题型二：用所给词的正确形式填空 1.Tom did the science project by ___________ (he). 2.The little girl can dress ___________ (she) now. 3.You can keep ___________ (you) safe by wearing a mask. 4.The computer ___________ (it) is broken, not the keyboard. 5.We enjoyed ___________ (we) at the school party. 6.They taught ___________ (they) to speak French. himself herself yourself/yourselves itself ourselves themselves 题型二：篇章填空 During the holiday, I stayed at home alone. I looked after 1___________ (I) well. I taught 2___________ (I) to cook simple meals. On weekends, my friends and I went hiking. We enjoyed 3___________ (we) a lot. My brother taught 4___________ (he) to play the piano. He said he could do it by 5___________ (he) without a teacher. myself myself ourselves himself himself 题型三：句型转换（1） 1.He can do the work alone.（改为同义句） → He can do the work ___________ ___________. 2.She can take care of herself.（改为同义句） → She can look after ___________. 3.We had a good time at the party.（改为同义句） → We ___________ ___________ at the party. by himself herself enjoyed ourselves 题型三：句型转换（2） 4.She made the model plane herself.（对划线部分提问） → ___________ ___________ she make the model plane? 5.The bike itself is very old.（对划线部分提问） → ___________ ___________ is very old? 6.He taught himself English.（改为一般疑问句） → ___________ he ___________ ___________ English? How did Which bike Did teach himself 题型四：补全对话 A: Did you go to the park alone yesterday? B: Yes, I went there by ___________. A: Did you enjoy ___________? B: Of course! I met my friend there. We enjoyed ___________ together. A: Can your little sister dress ___________? B: Yes, she can. She learns to look after ___________ well. myself yourself ourselves herself herself 题型五：选词填空（反身代词） myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves 1.I hurt ___________ when I fell off the bike. 2.She taught ___________ to play the violin. 3.The machine ___________ is very new, but it doesn’t work. 4.We should protect ___________ from danger. 5.They finished the project by ___________. myself herself itself ourselves themselves 综合总结（1） 反身代词：表“自己、本身”，词尾self（单）/selves（复） 构成：人称代词对应反身代词，数要一致 三大用法：作宾语（主语=宾语）、作同位语（强调）、固定搭配 核心规则：人称、数必须与主语保持一致 综合总结（2） 易错点：人称对应错误、单复数错误、误用普通代词 高频考点：单选（人称对应）、填空（词形变化）、句型转换（同义句） 固定搭配：4个核心短语（by oneself等）必须牢记 口诀：反身代词不难记，self单数selves复；人称数要对应，宾语同位固定配 拓展：反身代词的特殊用法 用于强调句，加强语气 例：I myself saw the accident.（我亲眼看到了事故） 用于固定句型“help oneself to sth.” 例：Help yourself to some cakes.（随便吃点蛋糕） 用于否定句，表“独自一人” 例：He didn’t go there by himself.（他不是独自一人去的） 拓展：易混辨析（反身代词vs普通代词） 反身代词：主语=宾语，强调自身（I hurt myself.） 普通代词：主语≠宾语，指代其他人/物（I hurt him.） 例句对比： She looked after herself.（她照顾自己） She looked after her mother.（她照顾她妈妈） 教学课件 Unit 8语法专项—— 反身代词（-self 和 -selves） Thank you for listening! 30 $