Unit4 语法专项—— 动词不定式作宾语（to do）课件 2025-2026学年沪外教英语八年级上册

教学课件 沪外教英语八年级上册 Unit 4语法专项—— 动词不定式作宾语(to do) 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 理解动词不定式(to do)作宾语含义 掌握:动词+to do、动词+sb.+to do 掌握:疑问词+to do、it 作形式宾语 熟记高频搭配,区分 to do / doing 不定式基本概念 不定式:to + 动词原形(to do) 功能:名词性,可作宾语、主语、表语 本课重点:作宾语(跟在动词后) 含义:表达“想要、决定、计划做某事” 例:I want to learn English. 结构一:动词 + to do(直接跟) 结构:动词 + to do sth. 含义:直接接不定式作宾语 高频动词: agree / decide / hope / plan / promise want / wish / learn / manage / try / refuse 例:She decided to study hard. 动词+to do 例句 I hope to visit my grandma soon. They plan to have a party. He promised to help me with math. We want to improve our neighbourhood. She learned to cook noodles last week. 结构二:动词 + sb. + to do(接人再接to do) 结构:动词 + sb. + to do sth. 含义:要求/希望某人做某事 高频动词: ask / tell / want / would like / teach allow / advise / show / invite 例:My mom tells me to get up early. 动词+sb.+to do 例句 The teacher asks us to finish homework. I want you to join the club. She advised him to exercise more. They invited us to come to the party. He taught me to play basketball. 结构三:疑问词 + to do 结构:疑问词 + to do(what/how/when/where/who) 含义:不知道/知道“做什么/怎么做” 常用动词:know / ask / show / teach / wonder 例:I don’t know what to do. 例:She told me how to use the phone. 疑问词+to do 例句 We don’t know where to go next. He asked when to start the meeting. She taught me how to make a poster. They wonder who to ask for help. I’m not sure what to say to her. 结构四:it 作形式宾语 结构:主语 + 动词 + it + adj. + to do 含义:不定式太长,用 it 代替放前面 真正宾语:末尾 to do 常用动词:find / think / feel / make 例:I find it easy to learn English. it 作形式宾语 例句 She thinks it important to help others. We find it fun to play in the park. He feels it necessary to keep quiet. They made it possible to finish on time. I find it hard to solve this problem. 四种结构对比 动词+to do:want to go;直接跟不定式 动词+sb.+to do:ask me to go;接人再接to do 疑问词+to do:how to go;疑问词+不定式 动词+it+adj.+to do:find it easy to go;it代不定式 高频必背动词(+to do) 愿望类:want / wish / hope / expect 计划决定:decide / plan / promise / agree 能力努力:try / learn / manage / refuse 记忆口诀:望决计,学拒试 (望=希望,决=决定,计=计划) 易混:to do vs doing(1) 后接 to do:want / decide / hope / plan 后接 doing:enjoy / finish / practice / keep 易错1:enjoy playing(不能说 enjoy to play) 易错2:finish reading(不能说 finish to read) 口诀:想要决定计划做,享受完成练习做 易混:to do vs doing(2) stop to do:停下来(为了)去做另一件事 stop doing:停止正在做的事 例:Stop to talk(停下来说话) 例:Stop talking(别说话了) 考试高频:区分含义,看语境 常见错误1:漏to 错:I want go home. 对:I want to go home. 错:She decide study hard. 对:She decides to study hard. 规则:want/decide/hope 后必须加to 常见错误2:多to 错:I enjoy to play games. 对:I enjoy playing games. 错:He finish to do homework. 对:He finishes doing homework. 规则:enjoy/finish/practice 后用doing 常见错误3:sb. 位置错 错:I want to you help me. 对:I want you to help me. 错:Tell to him come early. 对:Tell him to come early. 规则:动词+sb.+to do,人在to前 常见错误4:疑问词+to do语序 错:I don’t know to do what. 对:I don’t know what to do. 错:She taught me to use how. 对:She taught me how to use it. 规则:疑问词在前,to do在后 常见错误5:it 结构漏it 错:I find easy to learn English. 对:I find it easy to learn English. 错:She thinks important to help. 对:She thinks it important to help. 规则:find/think后加it再接adj. 题型一:单项选择 1.I hope _ a good job in the future. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 2.She decided _ more time with her family. A. spend B. to spend C. spending D. spent 3.My dad asks me _ my room every day. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 4.I don’t know _ for the party. A. what prepare B. to prepare what C. what to prepare D. prepare what 5.We find _ interesting to talk with neighbours. A. it B. that C. this D. one B B B A A 题型二:用所给词填空 1.They plan _ (visit) the museum tomorrow. 2. She wants _ (learn) to play the piano. 3.The teacher tells us _ (read) more books. 4.I don’t know _ (choose) which one. 5.He finds it easy _ (make) friends. to visit to learn to read which to choose to make 题型二:篇章填空 Lucy and Lily want 1_ (improve) their neighbourhood. They decide 2_ (hold) a clean-up day. They ask their friends 3_ (join) them. They don’t know 4_ (start) at 8 or 9. They think it helpful 5_ (work) together. to improve to hold to join when to start to work 题型三:句型转换(1) 1. She wants to buy a new bike.(划线提问) What _ she _ _ _? 2. My mom tells me to eat more vegetables.(否定句) My mom _ _ me _ _ more vegetables. 3. I find it useful to learn English.(同义句) I find that _ _ useful _ _ English. 4. He doesn’t know where he should go.(同义句) He doesn’t know _ _ _. 5.They hope to travel around China.(一般疑问句) _ they _ _ travel around China? does want to buy doesn’t tell to eat it is to learn where to go Do hope to 题型四:改错 1.( ) I want you help me with my homework. _ 2.( ) She enjoy to listen to music every day. _ 3.( ) I don’t know what to do it next. _ 4.( ) We find it interesting learn new things. _ 5.( ) He decide to join the football club. _ help to help enjoy enjoys; to listen listening 去掉it learn to learn decide decides 题型五:补全对话 A: What do you want _ (do) this weekend? B: I hope _ (go) to the community park. A: Would you like _ (invite) our classmates? B: Yes. But I don’t know _ (ask) first. A: Let’s find it fun _ (play) games there. to do to go to invite who to ask to play 综合总结(1) 不定式作宾语:to + 动词原形 四大结构: ① 动词+to do;② 动词+sb.+to do ③ 疑问词+to do;④ it 作形式宾语 高频动词:want/decide/hope/plan/ask/tell 易错:to 的有无、sb. 位置、语序、漏it 综合总结(2) 后接to do:愿望、计划、决定类动词 后接doing:享受、完成、练习类动词 it 结构:find/think + it + adj. + to do 写作加分:用不定式替代简单句 考试重点:单选、填空、句型转换、改错 拓展:不定式否定式 结构:not + to do 含义:想要/决定不做某事 例:I decide not to go out tonight. 例:She asks me not to talk in class. 注意:not 放在 to 前,不能说 to not do 拓展:不定式作主语 结构:To do sth. + 谓语 例:To learn English is important. 常用替代:It’s + adj. + to do 例:It’s important to learn English. 本课了解即可,重点作宾语 教学课件 Unit 4语法专项—— 动词不定式作宾语(to do) Thank you for listening! 31 $