Unit 7 课时1 词汇 -【宝典训练】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语高效课堂（沪教版·新教材）

Unit 7 Space exploration NG▣9H 课时1词汇 。。 ● 单元重点词汇 1.satellite n.人造卫星 (1)The satellite can deliver important data to our planet. 人造卫星能向地球传送重要数据。 (2)We can't see the small satellite with our naked eye. 我们用肉眼看不到这颗小的人造卫星。 (3)China has launched many satellites to help with space exploration. 中国发射了许多人造卫星，助力太空探索。 【变形】复数形式：satellites(直接加s,无特殊变化) 【搭配】launch a satellite发射人造卫星；space satellite太空卫星；satellite data卫星数据 【核心考点】 (1)复数形式的正确书写，语法填空、单词拼写基础考点； (2)结合单元话题（太空探索），常与launch、deliver、naked eye等本单元词汇搭配考查； (3)写作应用，用于描述太空相关话题，提升表达贴合度。 小试件刀 (1）China will next month to study space junk. 中国下个月将发射一颗新的人造卫星，用于研究太空垃圾。 (2)Many (satellite)are flying around the Earth and sending messages to us. 许多人造卫星在地球周围飞行，向我们发送信息。 (3)The satellite can to people all over the country. 这颗人造卫星能向全国人民传送气象信息。 2.afford v.承担得起（后果）；买得起 (1)We cannot afford to waste time on unimportant things. 我们承担不起在无关紧要的事情上浪费时间的后果。 (2)His family is poor,so he can't afford a new gym bag. 他家很穷，所以他买不起一个新的健身包。 (3)We cannot afford to make mistakes in spaceflight missions 我们在航天任务中承担不起犯错的后果。 【变形】过去式/过去分词：afforded;现在分词：affording 【搭配】cannot afford to do sth.承担不起做某事的后果（高频）；afford sth.买得起某物；can't afford买 不起；承担不起 ●>157 英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） 【核心考点】 (1)固定搭配cannot afford to do sth.,后接不定式，单项选择、语法填空高频考点； (2)常见否定形式can't/cannot afford,口语、书面语均常用； (3)结合日常和单元话题，可用于描述经济状况、任务重要性（如太空任务）。 小i试件刀, (1)We cannot afford (waste)any time during the space mission 我们在太空任务中承担不起浪费任何时间的后果。 (2)My brother works hard because he can't afford (lose)his job. 我哥哥工作很努力，因为他承担不起失业的后果。 (3)They are too poor to afford (buy)new lab equipment. 他们太穷了，买不起新的实验室设备。 3.mistake n.错误；失误u.弄错；误解 例：(1)Everyone may make a mistake when learning new things..每个人在学习新事物时都可能犯错。 (2)He sent the email to the wrong person by mistake.他无意中把邮件发给了错误的人o (3)Don't mistake his kindness for weakness.不要把他的善艮误解为软弱。 【变形】复数形式(n.):mistakes;过去式/过去分词(u.):mistook/mistaken;现在分词：mistaking 【搭配】make a mistake犯错误（高频）；by mistake错误地；无意中（高频）；correct a mistake改正错误 【核心考点】 (1)名词用法：make a mistake/make mistakes,.单复数搭配，单词拼写、语法填空基础考点； (2)固定短语by mistake,常放在句末，单项选择、完形填空常考； (3)动词用法较简单，八年级重点掌握名词用法及两个核心搭配。 小试件刀 (1)I made mistake in the exam and got a low score. 我在考试中犯了一个错误，得了低分。 (2)She took my book mistake and returned it to me this morning. 今天早上她无意中拿走了我的书，然后还给了我。 (3)You should be careful not to make mistake)in your homework. 你应该小心，不要在作业中犯错误。 4.destroy v.摧毁；破坏 (1)The strong storm destroyed many houses in the small village 强风暴摧毁了这个小村庄的许多房屋。 (2)Space junk may destroy satellites and cause serious problems. 太空垃圾可能会摧毁人造卫星，引发严重问题。 (3)We should protect our environment and not destroy nature. 我们应该保护环境，不要破坏自然。 【变形】过去式/过去分词：destroyed;现在分词：destroying;名词(n.):destruction摧毁；破坏 【搭配】be destroyed by被…摧毁；destroy the environment破坏环境 ●>158 Unit 7 Space exploration 【核心考点】 (I)词性转换(destroy-→destruction),语法填空拓展考点； (2)结合单元话题（太空垃圾），常与satellite、space junk搭配考查； (3)动词用法：及物动词，直接接宾语，无被动语态特殊用法。 小试件刀 2≤2e30Ec0e3c0gi≤2≤0K3tg3xc36g052c<6<ge6gc2cew≤3gc36c2≤3x3e20e0c30gc20《053s2s9x0e30s3 :(1)The old building (destroy)by the fire last night. 这座旧建筑昨晚被大火摧毁了。 (2)Space junk could (destruction)our new satellite if we don't take action. 如果我们不采取行动，大空垃圾可能会摧毁我们的新卫星。 (3)The (destroy)of the lab made many experiments stop. 实验室的破坏让许多实验停止了。 5.supply n.供应量；供给量v.供给；提供 (1)We have a good supply of water and food for the trip 我们有充足的水和食物供应供这次旅行使用。 (2)The company will supply us with enough equipment for the space flight. 这家公司将为我们提供足够的设备用于航天飞行。 (3)The supply of fresh air is very important for astronauts in space. 新鲜空气的供应对太空中的宇航员来说非常重要。 【变形】复数形式(n.):supplies;过去式/过去分词(u.):supplied;现在分词：supplying 【搭配】a supply of sth.某物的供应量；supply sb.with sth..给某人提供某物（高频）；supply sth.to sb.给某人提供某物 【核心考点】 (1)名词复数：supplies(常指“补给，补给品”)，易错点； (2)固定搭配supply sb.with sth.,单项选择、语法填空、写作常考； (3)结合单元话题（太空飞行），常与equipment、air、food等词汇搭配。 小试牛刀 (1)The school will supply us with enough supply books for the new term. 学校将为我们提供足够的新书供应量，供新学期使用。 (2)They supplied the astronauts with/for)fresh food and water. 他们给宇航员提供了新鲜的食物和水。 (3)We need to get more supply)of equipment before the space mission starts. 在太空任务开始前我们需要获取更多的设备供应。 6.probable adj.很可能发生（或存在等）的 (1)It is probable that the satellite will send back more data tomorrow 这颗人造卫星明天很可能会发回更多数据。 (2)It is probable that we will finish the space experiment on time. 我们很可能将按时完成这项太空实验。 ●>159 英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） (3)She told me that it was probable for them to select new members next week. 她告诉我，他们下周很可能会选拔新成员。 【变形】副词(ad.):probably很可能；大概；名词(n.):probability可能性 【搭配】It is probable that..很可能…（高频）；It is probable for sb.to do sth.某人很可能做某事； probable result可能的结果 【核心考点】 (1)词性转换(probable-→probably/probability),语法填空高频考点； (2)固定句式It is probable that..,写作常考，注意that从句的用法； (3)词义辨析，与possible区分(probable语气更强，指“很可能”，possible指“有可能”)，八年级重点 掌握句式用法。 小试件刀 (1)It is probably)that we will have a lab class tomorrow. 我们明天很可能会有一节实验室课。 (2)He will probable)join the space exploration club next month. 他下个月很可能会加入太空探索俱乐部。 (3)There is a high probable)that the satellite will work well. 这颗人造卫星正常工作的可能性很大。 7.select v.挑选；选拔 (1)The teacher will select 10 students to take part in the English competition. 老师将选拔10名学生参加英语竞赛。 (2)We need to select the best equipment for the space mission. 我们需要为太空任务挑选最好的设备。 (3)She selected a beautiful gift for her mother on Mother's Day. 丹亲节那天，她给妈妈挑选了一份漂亮的礼物。 【变形】过去式/过去分词：selected;现在分词：selecting;名词(n.):selection挑选；选拔 【搭配】select sb.to do sth.选拔某人做某事；select sth.for sth.为某事挑选某物；select carefully仔 细挑选 【核心考点】 (I)词性转换(select-→selection),语法填空拓展考点； (2)固定搭配select sb.to do sth.,后接不定式，单项选择、写作常考； (3)词义辨析，与choose区分(select侧重“精心挑选；选拔”，更正式)。 小试件刀 (1)They will select some students join)the space exploration club. 他们将选拔一些学生加入太空探索俱乐部。 (2)The manager selected the best workers for the important (select). 经理为这次重要的选拔挑选了最优秀的工人。 (3)She select)a new bag for herself when she went shopping yesterday 昨天去购物时，她给自己挑选了一个新包。 ●>1600 Unit 7 Space exploration 8.serve v.为…工作；服务；提供 例：(l)Many people serve their country and make it stronger..许多人为国家服务，让国家变得更强大o (2)The restaurant serves delicious seafood and beef every day 这家餐厅每天提供美味的海鲜和牛肉。 (3)The satellite serves us by delivering important information. 这颗人造卫星通过传送重要信息为我们服务。 【变形】过去式/过去分词：served;现在分词：serving;名词(n.):service服务；servant佣人；雇员 【搭配】serve the people为人民服务；serve sb.with sth.为某人提供某物；serve the country为国效力 【核心考点】 (1)词性转换(serve-→service),语法填空基础考点； (2)结合日常和单元话题，可与people、country、satellite、seafood等词汇搭配； (3)动词用法：及物动词，直接接宾语，用法简单，易掌握。 小试牛件刀 (1)He wants to be a soldier (serve)his country when he grows up. 他长大后想成为一名士兵，为国效力。 (2)The hotel serve)delicious seafood to all its guests 这家酒店为所有客人提供美味的海鲜。 (3)The workers in the lab provide us with good (serve). 实验室的工作人员为我们提供了良好的服务。 9.deliver v.传送；运载；交付 (1)The postman delivers letters and packages to our homes every day. 邮递员每天把信件和包裹送到我们家。 (2)The rocket will deliver a satellite into space next week. 这枚火箭下周将把一颗人造卫星运载到太空中。 (3)The satellite can deliver data to scientists on Earth.这颗人造卫星能向地球上的科学家传送数据。 【变形】过去式/过去分词：delivered;现在分词：delivering;名词(n.):delivery传送；交付 【搭配】deliver sth.tosb.把某物传送给某人（高频）；deliver into把…运载到；deliver data/ letters传送数据/信件 【核心考点】 (1)固定搭配deliver sth.tosb.,介词to的用法，单项选择、语法填空高频考点； (2)结合单元话题（太空飞行、卫星），常与satellite、data、rocket搭配考查； (3)词性转换(deliver-delivery),语法填空拓展考点。 ：(1)The satellite (deliver)important data to scientists on Earth. 这颗人造卫星向地球上的科学家传送重要数据。 (2)The company will deliver a new lab machine to/for)our school tomorrow. 这家公司明天将把一台新的实验室机器送到我们学校。 (3)The deliveryman deliver)a package to my home just now. 送货员刚才把一个包裹送到了我家 ●>1610 英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） 10.average adj.平均的n.平均数 (1)The average temperature in our city in summer is 30 degrees. 我们城市夏天的平均气温是30度。 (2)The average age of the students in our class is 14.我们班学生的平均年龄是l4岁。 (3)His score is above average in the exam.他的考试成绩在平均分以上。 【变形】副词(ad.):averagely平均地 【搭配】average temperature平均气温；on average平均来看；above average高于平均水平；below average低于平均水平 【核心考点】 (l)形容词用法：修饰名词作定语，如average temperature/age,基础考点； (2)名词用法：常用搭配above/below average,单项选择、完形填空常考； (3)结合日常场景，可用于描述温度、年龄、成绩等，用法简单易懂。 小试牛刀 (1)The (averagely)speed of the rocket is very high.火箭的平均速度非常快o (2)Her English score is average in our grade. 她的英语成绩在我们年级高于平均分。 (3) average,we spend two hours doing homework every day. 我们平均每天花两个小时做作业。 ● 作 业 ●按要求写出相应的单词。 1.satellite(复数) 6.select(名词) 2.afford(过去式) 7.serve(名词) 3.mistake(复数) 8.deliver(名词) 4.destroy(名词) 9.average(副词) 5.supply(复数) 10.probable(副词) ●用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.We cannot afford （waste）any time in our daily routine. 2.He made two (mistake)in his English homework yesterday. 3.The strong wind destroyed many houses and the destroy)was very serious. 4.It is probably)that we will visit the lab tomorrow. 5.They selected three students (join)the space exploration club. 6.The restaurant serve)delicious seafood every weekend 7.The satellite (deliver)important data to scientists yesterday. 8.On average,we spend one hour do)exercise in the gym every day. 9.The select)of the best team will be finished tomorrow. 10.There is a low (probable)that the experiment will fail. ●>162《● Unit 7 Space exploration 乌根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。 1.飞机十分钟后就要起飞了，所以我们必须抓紧时间。 The plane in ten minutes,so we must hurry up. 2.我有点累，想在家休息一段时间。 I'm a little tired and want to rest at home 3.结果证明，他说的话全是真的。 t that what he said was all true. 4.在这次重要的比赛中，我们承担不起任何失误的后果。 We make any mistakes in this important competition. 5.他昨天错误地拿走了我的英语课本。 He took my English textbook yesterday. 四完形填空。 Space exploration is always a fascinating topic.We study celestial bodies()like stars,1, and comets because of our curiosity.Stars,for example,are huge balls of gas that give off light and heat. They play an important role in the universe.Some stars are so 2 that we can see them even with our own eyes at night. Planets,on the other hand,3 around stars.Each planet has its own features.Mars,for example, is often called the "Red Planet"because of its red colour.It is a hot spot()of space exploration 4 scientists think there was life on it. Comets are 5 objects in space.They are made of ice,dust,and small rocks.When a comet gets close to the Sun,it heats up and forms a long,bright tail.This makes it look very 6 other celestial bodies. Space exploration helps us understand the universe better.It is our 7 to keep exploring and learning.Scientists around the world are working hard to 8 more about these celestial bodies.They 9 their research results in scientific journals so that others can learn from them. As we continue to explore space,we may find more 10 things.Maybe one day,we'll even find a planet where we can live. ( )1.A.planets B.plants C.animals D.trees ( )2.A.low B.bright C.blind D.dark ( )3.A.run B.rise C.move D.prove )4.A.although B.because C.so D.if )5.A.small B.alive C.lonely D.new )6.A.different from B.alive with C.similar to D.short of )7.A.responsibility B.truth C.ability D.death )8.A.make B.learn C.publish D.worry )9.A.publish B.prove C.produce D.prefer )10.A.natural B.common C.strange D.normal ●>1630英语·八年级下册 课时3语法 【课时作业！ -、l.had better start 2.Why not take part in 3.should 4.Don't put 5.should 6.had better not 7.Why not ask 8.should 9.Don't forget 10.had better 二、l.speaking 2.development 3.cultural 4.careful 5.creative 6.brave 7.Don't make 8.practise 9.will miss 10.best 三、1-5 ADCDB 四、l.reasons 2.a 3.challenging 4.excitedly 5.Although/Though 6.to learn 7.attending 8.like 9.has brought 10.or 课时4听说 【听说训练]月 一、略 二、l.0 n December12th. 2.Nervous. 3.The short-term memory. 4.By learning new skill. 5.Next Thursday. 6.Learn about American culture and practise English 7.Buying and looking at clothes. 8.Silk and gold. 9.Because only clever people could see them. 10.Stupid. 三、 11.Recently,Lisa has made a survey of her class and here are the results.There are 40 students in her class.The oldest student in her class is 15 years old and the youngest is 12 years old.The average age of her classmates is 13.As for the height,the tallest student in her class is 181 cm and the shortest is 148 cm.The average height in her class is 163 cm. 12.What's your favourite subject? 13.What do your classmates usually do on weekends? 【课时作业月 一、1.come up with2.signed up 3.In my opinion 4.technological development 5.As far as I'm concerned 二、1-5 BABAC 6-10 ADCBD 课时5写作 〔课时作业月 Dear School Newspaper, Last month,our school held an English Week.There were English speech contests,English plays,and many more.Among them,the English play "The Trojan Horse" that I participated in left the deepest impression on me.In the play,we acted out the story of the clever Greek strategy to defeat the Trojans by hiding soldiers inside a giant wooden horse.It was a thrilling journey for me to portray my character and bring this ancient tale to life. Participating in this event has brought me many benefits. It has greatly increased my interest in learning English. Besides,I have become more confident when speaking English.What's more,I have learned the importance of teamwork. All in all,this English Week is a valuable experience that I will always treasure. Best regards, Li Hua 1.Our school's English Week will be held from next Monday to Friday. 2.All students are welcome to take part in the book fair and singing competition. 3.This is a great chance to practise your English and show your creativity. 4.In the English play The Trojan Horse,we acted out the clever strategy of the Greeks. 5.Taking part in this activity has increased my interest in English and made me more confident. 三、1一5 CDBBC 四、1-5 ECFDA 课时6拓展 〔课时作业月 一、1.no pleasure2.took over3.turned into 4.tired of 5.brought to life 二、1-5 BDBBA 三、1-5 BEACD 四、l.me 2.fifth 3.to learn 4.topics 5.a 6.unless 7.including 8.has been 9.confidently 10.to Unit 7 Space exploration 课时1词汇 〔课时笔记 1.(1)launch a new satellite (2)satellites (3)deliver weather information 2.(1)to waste (2)to lose (3)to buy 3.(1)a (2)by (3)mistakes 4.(1)was destroyed (2)destroy (3)destruction 5.(1)of (2)with (3)supplies 6.(1)probable (2)probably (3)probability 0 7.(1)to join (2)selection (3)selected 8.(1)to serve (2)serves (3)service 9.(1)delivers (2)to (3)delivered 10.(1)average (2)above (3)On 〔课时作业月 一、1.satellites 2.afforded 3.mistakes 4.destruction 5.supplies 6.selection 7.service 8.delivery 9.averagely 10.probably 二、l.to waste 2.mistakes 3.destruction 4.probable 5.to join 6.serves 7.delivered 8.doing 9.selection 10.probability 三、l.will take off 2.for a while 3.turned out 4.cannot afford to 5.by mistake 四、1-5 ABCBA 6-10 AABAC 课时2阅读 【课时笔记月 1.take off in ten minutes to finish 2.for a while reached 3.It turns out that turns 4.can't afford to make any mistakes to waste 5.by mistake falling 6.daily routine daily 7.slow down will become 〔课时作业月 一、1.take off 2.for a while 3.turn out 4.can't afford to 5.by mistake 6.daily routine 7.get into orbit 8.slow down 9.stop sb.from doing sth.10.float around 11.make mistakes 12.space station 13.ground control 14.muscle loss 15.return to the Earth 二、l.took to get 2.for a while 3.turns out 4.can't afford to make 5.floating around by mistake 6.daily routine 7.slow down muscle loss 三、1.a 2.However 3.for 4.pleasure 5.harder 6.mistakes 7.my 8.floating 9.daily 10.will be 四、1-5 BDCDD 课时3 语法 【课时作业月 一、l.was listening 2.was getting 参考苔案 3.Were looking 4.was tracking 5.were preparing 二、l.will take 2.was showing 3.have been told 4.took 5.cannot be made 6.eating 7.will become 8.learning 9.is being used 10.to take 三、1一5 DDBCB 四、l.impossible 2.correctly 3.getting 4.was recording 5.lost 6.safer 7.drives 8.inventor 9.to study 10.truth 课时4听说 (听说训练月 一、略 二、l.At about10o'clock. 2.A UFO and several aliens. 3.Alex. 4.Science. 5.To the playground. 6.A pianist. 7.Some kinds of animals on Earth. 8.Yes,he does. 9.No one 10.The Great Wall 三、 11.The story happened last Sunday afternoon.Steven was walking in the street when he suddenly saw something moving and shining in the sky.It was a UFO.The UFO stopped on the ground and an alien came out.They became friends soon and played happily.Several hours later,the alien must go back.Then he got on the UFO. They said goodbye to each other. 12.Were you frightened /afraid when you saw the alien? 13.Since you didn't understand each other's language,how did you communicate with each other? (课时作业月 一、l.made great progress space exploration 2.space junk space missions 3.surface temperature impossible 4.solve the problem man-made objects 5.it's very likely that 二、1-5 CBDCA 6-10 CBCCB 课时5写作 〔课时作业 My Most Admired Chinese Astronaut Among all the Chinese astronauts,I admire Wang