Unit 1 课时1 词汇 -【宝典训练】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语高效课堂（沪教版·新教材）

Unit 1 Helping those in need ENGE SH 课时1词汇 课时笔包 单元重点词汇 1.elderly的用法ad.年老的，上了年纪的；[the~]n.老人（群体） 例：(l)The elderly need more care and attention..老年人需要更多的照顾和关心。 (2)The number of the elderly population is increasing year by year..老年人口的数量逐年增加。 【搭配】care for the elderly照顾老人；an elderly man一位老人； elderly population老年人口；respect the elderly尊敬老人 【易混辨析】 单词 词性 核心含义&用法 语体/情感 elderly adj. 年老的；[the~]老人，表礼貌委婉 正式、礼貌，无贬义 old adj. 老的，旧的；老人，普通用语 中性，日常口语 elder adj (家庭内)年纪较长的；长辈 正式，仅指亲属辈分 0生 0。00 000000000重03000 03000C0C1000001-0 小试件刀 (1)My brother works as a teacher in a middle school..我哥哥在一所中学当老师。 (2)We should offer our seats to passengers on the bus. 在公交车上，我们应该给上了年纪的乘客让座。 (3)This book has been in my family for over fifty years. 这本旧书在我家已经传了五十多年了。 2.offer的用法u.主动提出；提供；出价；愿意做；n.提议；出价；特价 例：(l)She offered to help me with my English.她主动提出帮我学习英语。 (2)The hotel offers guests free breakfast.这家酒店为客人提供免费早餐。 【搭配】offer to do sth.主动提出做某事；offer sb.sth.=offer sth.tosb.给某人提供某物 accept an offer接受提议 【拓展】ofer/give/provide均表“提供”，核心区别在结构： (1)offer sb.sth.=offer sth.tosb.(主动提供，强调“自愿”) (2)give sb.sth.=give sth.tosb.(通用“给”，无“主动”含义) (3)provide sb.with sth.=provide sth.for sb.(正式“提供”，强调“供给/保障”) 小i试牛刀]oo4o (1)He offered (carry)the heavy bag for the old lady.他主动提出帮老奶奶提重袋子。 (2)My mother (give)me a gift on my birthday every year. 妈妈每年都在我生日时送我一份礼物。 (3)This restaurant provides food the homeless people every weekend. 这家餐厅每周末都为无家可归的人提供食物。 ●1（● 英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） 3.serious的用法ad.严重的；重要的；严肃的；认真的 例：(l)If you are serious about English,you will learn it well.如果你认真对待英语，你就会学好它。 (2)He had a serious cold and didn't go to school..他得了重感冒，没去上学。 【变形】副词：seriously,固定搭配take..seriously认真对待 名词：seriousness 比较级：more serious;最高级：most serious 【搭配】a serious illness一场重病；a serious problem一个严重的问题 be serious about sth./doing sth.认真对待某事；seriously ill病重 小i试牛刀o60000003oe0036000088000oe0ok0oe60tc0o0k0t3809*80s690o心 (1)We should take traffic rules 我们应该认真对待交通规则。 (2)You must be serious your homework.你必须认真对待你的作业。 (3)The teacher became when she saw the noisy class. 老师看到吵闹的班级，变得严肃起来。 4.pain的用法n.痛；痛苦；苦恼；极讨厌的人/事物；v.使痛苦；使苦恼 例：(l)He walked in pain because of his hurt foot..他因为脚受伤，走得很吃力。 (2)It's a painful memory for her.这对她来说是一段痛苦的回忆。 【变形】painful ad.疼痛的；令人痛苦的；艰难的；painfully ad.令人痛苦地；费力地； painless adj,无痛的；不费力的；painfulness n.痛苦；费力 【搭配】have a pain in+身体部位某部位疼；take pains to do sth.煞费苦心做某事；in pain处于疼痛 中；with pain因为疼痛；painful experience痛苦的经历；painfully difficult极度困难的 小试件刀 (1)The little girl was in after falling down.该女童跌倒后出现疼痛。 (2)My shoulder is ,so I cani't carry heavy things..我肩部疼痛，因此无法负重。 (3)He took great to prepare for the English exam.他为准备英语考试付出了巨大努力。 (4)The movie is boring..这部电影无聊透顶。 5.volunteer的用法n.志愿者，自告奋勇者；.自愿做；自告奋勇，主动提供 例：(1)Many volunteers came to help the homeless people.许多志愿者来帮助无家可归的人。 (2)We volunteered to clean up the park last Sunday,上周日我们自愿去清理公园。 (3)He volunteered for the community service.他自愿参加社区服务。 【变形】复数：volunteers;派生词：volunteering n.志愿活动（不可数）； 形容词voluntary自愿的；义务的；派生词：voluntarily ad.自愿地；主动地 【搭配】work as a volunteer担任志愿者；a volunteer at the library图书馆志愿者； a community volunteer社区志愿者；volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事；voluntary work志愿工作 ●2● Unit 1 Helping those in need 小试件刀 (1)Ⅱ to take part in the school voluntary activity last weekend. 上周末我自愿参加了学校的志愿活动。 (2)Many students work as in the community on weekends. 许多学生周末在社区担任志愿者。 (3)She does work at the local hospital every Sunday. 她每周日都在当地医院做志愿工作。 6.joy的用法n.高兴；愉快；喜悦；令人高兴的人/事 例：(l)Reading is a great joy in my life.阅读是我生活中一大乐事。 (2)We had a joyful Christmas with our family.我们和家人度过了一个欢乐的圣诞节。 (3)The kids ran joyfully towards the playground.孩子们欢快地跑向操场。 【变形】joyful adj.快乐的；令人喜悦的（可修饰人/物，替换happy/.pleasant) joyfully ad.快乐地（修饰动词，替换happily,提升句式档次） 【搭配】experience joy体验快乐；bring joy(tosb.）(给某人)带来快乐；filled with joy充满喜悦； a sense of joy幸福感；jump for joy欢呼雀跃；joyful moments欢乐的时刻；joyfully celebrate 欢快地庆祝 小试件刀 0红0000000-00C0000区000红000 (1)My parents smiled joy when they saw my exam results. 看到我的考试成绩，我父母喜笑颜开。 (2)We held a party to celebrate our class's victory. 我们为庆祝班级的胜利举办了一场欢乐的派对。 (3)The children laughed while playing games in the park. 孩子们在公园里玩游戏时开心地笑了 7.raise的用法v.筹集；筹募；提升；增加；养育 (1)A lot of students and parents are going to raise funds for the new school buildings. 许多学生和家长打算给学校的新楼筹集资金。 (2)They raised their offer to500 dollars..他们把出价抬高到500美元。 (3)It is not easy to raise a child now.现在养一个孩子不容易。 【搭配】raise one's voice提高嗓门；raise a family养家糊口；raise money筹款；raise prices提高价格； raise one's spirits打起精神；raise one's hands举手；raise cattle养牛 【辨析】raise和rise 单词 词性 核心含义 变形 举起；提高；养育；筹集筹募 raise 及物动词(t.) 规则：raise-raised-raised （人为动作) 上升；升起；上涨（自然/自身 rise 不及物动词(i.)&名词 不规则：rise-rose-risen 动作) ●》3（● 英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） 小试件刀 (1)The teacher the flag at the morning meeting.老师在晨会上升起了旗。 (2)The flag slowly in the wind..旗帜在风中缓缓升起。 (3)Our class will hold a charity sale money for the poor areas. 我们班将举办慈善义卖活动，为贫困地区筹集资金。 000E00E00 8.permission的用法n.准许；许可；批准；同意（不可数名词） 1:Without my parents'permission,I don't dare to go out at night. 没有我父母的允许，我不敢晚上出去。 【变形】permit v..允许→forbid(禁止，u.) 第三人称单数：permits过去式/过去分词：permitted现在分词：permitting permit后直接跟名词、动名词、双宾语，或者sb.todo。 例2：(l)Mobile phones are not permitted in the library.图书馆里不许使用手机。 (2)We don't permit smoking in the office..我们不许在办公室内吸烟。 (3)Please permit me a few words.请允许我说几句。 (4)Please permit me to find out the truth within ten days..请允许我十日内查明真相。 【搭配】ask for permission(to do sth.）请求（做某事的）许可；without permission未经许可；擅自 小试牛刀 (1)Without our father's we can't go swimming in the river. 如果没有父亲的允许，我们不能去河里游泳。 (2)The head teacher us to go on a spring outing this year. 校长允许我们今年去春游。 9.arrange的用法u.安排；筹备；整理；排列；布置；改编 例：(l)We arranged to meet at the school gate at8a.m.我们安排早上8点在校门口见面。 (2)My mother arranged for me to learn the piano on weekends..妈妈安排我周末学钢琴。 (3)We need to make arrangements for the school sports meeting.我们需要为校运会做安排。 【变形】arrangement n.(可数名词)，复数arrangements;arranged ad,安排好的 【搭配】arrange to do sth.安排做某事 arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事 arrange sth.(for sb./sth.)(为某人/某事)安排某事 make arrangements for sth.为某事做安排 小试件刀 (1)The teacher arranged her to take care of the new student.老师安排她照顾新同学。 (2)I have arranged (visit)the old people's home with my classmates next Sunday. 我已和同学们约好，下周日去养老院探望老人。 (3)We need to make for our class party as soon as possible. 咱们得赶紧给班级聚会做好安排。 ●D4● Unit 1 Helping those in need 10.donate的用法.捐赠；捐献；赠送 例：(l)We donated books to the children in the mountain village.我们向山村的孩子捐赠了书籍。 (2)More and more people are willing to donate to poor areas..越来越多的人愿意向贫困地区捐赠。 (3)We plan to make a donation to the local children's home..我们计划向当地儿童之家进行捐赠。 【变形】donation可数/不可数名词（表“捐赠物/一笔捐款”时可数，表“捐赠行为”时不可数） donor n.捐赠者；献血者（如a blood donor献血者） 【搭配】donate sth.tosb./sth.向某人/某机构捐赠某物=contribute sth.to. make a donation to sb./sth.向…捐赠receive a donation from..收到来自…的捐赠 小试牛刀 (1)Many kind people money the homeless people every year. 每年都有许多善良的人向无家可归者捐款。 (2)It's a good idea to make a to the charity to help sick children. 向慈善机构捐款帮助患病儿童是个好主意。 (3)Many decide money to the school,and these help many poor students.(donate) 许多捐赠者决定向学校捐款，这些捐款帮助了许多贫困学生。 300 00 11.pleasant的用法ad.令人愉快的；舒适的；宜人的（侧重事物/环境/经历给人的主观美好感受，修 饰物/场景，不直接修饰人) 例：(l)We had a pleasant weekend in the park.我们在公园度过了一个愉快的周末。 (2)I feel pleased with the gift.我对这份礼物感到满意。 (3)It's a pleasure to meet you.很高兴见到您。 (4)The pleased girl smiled at me.那个开心的女孩朝我笑了笑。 【变形】please int..请，请务必；u.使高兴；pleasantly ad.愉快地；和蔼地；宜人地 pleased adj.高兴的；满意的（修饰人，表“人感到愉快”） pleasing adj.令人愉快的（正式，可修饰人/物，初中低频） pleasure n.愉快；乐趣；荣幸（不可数/可数，中考核心） unpleasant adj.使人不愉快的；讨厌的 【搭配】a pleasant surprise一个惊喜 have a pleasant time度过愉快的时光 be pleased with sb./sth.对某人或某事感到满意 be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事 with pleasure乐意效劳 it's my pleasure不客气 it's a pleasure to do sth.做某事是一种乐趣 小试牛刀 (1)We had a time flying kites in the park last Sunday. 上周日，我们在公园放风筝玩得特别开心。 (2)We were surprised by the beautiful gift.这份精美的礼物让我们惊喜不已o (3)am with my exam result..我对自己的考试成绩感到满意。 (4)It's my to help you with your English study.能帮你学习英语，我很荣幸。 。0 ●>5《● 英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） 12.disabled的用法ad.丧失能力的，有残疾的，无能力的 作形容词：修饰名词（主流用法），表“残疾的；残障的” [the+disabled]作名词，表“残疾人（群体）”（固定搭配，中考必考） 例：(I)We should provide help for the disabled.我们应该为残疾人提供帮助。 (2)We should offer our seats to disabled passengers on the bus 我们在公交车上应当为残障乘客让座。 (3)A person with a disability can also do great things with hard work. 残疾人通过努力也能成就非凡。 【变形】disable v.使残疾；使失去能力；使无效 disability n.残疾；缺陷 able adj.能（够）；搭配：be able to do sth.能够做某事 unable ad.不能的；无能力的 ability n.能力；才能；搭配：the ability to do sth.做某事的能力 【搭配】disabled people残障人士；care for the disabled关爱残疾人；disabled children残疾儿童 小试牛刀 (1)It's our duty to care for the and give them more warmth. 我们有责任关爱残障人士，为他们提供更多温暖。 (2)Reading more books can develop our to think independently. 多读书能培养我们独立思考的能力。 (3)We should respect every person with a and treat them equally. 我们应当尊重每一位残疾人，平等对待他们。 作 ●按要求写出相应的单词。 1.volunteer(形容词) 7.pain（形容词) 2.donate(名词) 8.serious（副词) 3.arrange（名词) 9.permit(名词) 4.pleasant(副词) 10.raise(过去式) 5.offer(过去分词) 11.disabled(名词) 6.joy(形容词) 12.pleasure（形容词) ●用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Many kind people money to the poor village every year,and their help a lot of children.(donate) 2.My mother for me to learn English online last weekend,and all the made me study better.(arrange) ●6（● Unit 1 Helping those in need 3.The teacher us to play basketball after class,so we got his happily. (permit) 4.Reading brings us great joy,and it makes our life more (joy). 5.He has a physical but he never thinks he is a person.(disable) 6.We should take the problem (serious),because it is a serious one for us. 7.My classmate offered (share)her book with me when I forgot mine. 8.The little girl cried with pain because her leg was (pain). 9.It is a trip,and all of us are with it.（please) 10.We need more volunteer)to do the work,and they volunteer to help the elderly every weekend. 自根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。 1.我们应该尽最大努力去照顾社区里的残障人士。 We should try our best to the in the community. 2.她每周都会做志愿工作来帮助那些在穷困中的人。 She does to help people every week. 3.这位老人常年患有关节炎，行动很不便。 The old man arthritis all year round and has trouble moving around. 4.为了让情绪低落的弟弟高兴起来，我给他买了他最喜欢的玩具。 my brother who is bought his favourite toy for him. 5.听欢快的音乐能使我们振奋，赶走坏心情。 Listening to cheerful music can and drive away bad moods 6.学习插花不仅能培养审美，还能让我们在忙碌中放松自己。 Learning can not only develop our aesthetic taste but also make us relax in busyness. 7.你必须把你的房间收拾整理好，否则不能出门玩耍。 You must your room,or you can't go out to play 8.他试图用谎言掩盖错误，结果只是枉费心机。 He tried to cover up his mistake with lies,but it was all 9.我们筹集了很多书籍和衣物，目的是帮助山区那些在穷困中的孩子。 We raised a lot of books and clothes help the children in the mountain areas 10.无论遇到什么困难，都不要情绪低落，要始终保持积极的心态。 No matter what difficulties you meet,don't be and always keep a positive attitude. ●7● 英语·八年级·下册（沪教版） 四完形填空。 Over the last few years,I have volunteered for different organizations (and took on different roles.However,no matter what kind of volunteering,I have always loved it,and I would 1 others to give it a go.Here are my top three 2 why I think volunteering is so important. First,it's a chance to get experience and 3.By volunteering,you are carrying out a job.Even though you're not getting paid,you can get 4 experience and skills which might be helpful to you in the future.For example,many volunteering roles will help you get experience in working as a team. Second,you can meet new 5.One of the best things about volunteering is meeting the other volunteers!They are probably interesting people,and you might become great 6 with them. Third,it's a way to get confidence.Many people who do voluntary work say that it has helped them to 7 more confident.For example,I have always been a shy person,but my volunteering experience has made me not afraid of talking to strangers and 8 in front of a crowd! These are just a few of the many reasons why I suggest that you 9 volunteering opportunities.If you like,you can start with something small!The most important thing to remember is that as well as 10 others,you can get a great deal out of it too! )1.A.encourage B.order C.require D.allow )2.A.rules B.plans C.reasons D.choices )3.A.actions B.dreams C.hobbies D.skills )4.A.awful B.musical C.national D.valuable )5.A.facts B.problems C.people D.family )6.A.brothers B.pilots C.friends D.scientists )7.A.feel B.smell C.sound D.taste )8.A.exactly B.even C.still D.almost )9.A.care for B.look for C.prepare for D.wait for )10.A.paying B.warning C.helping D.thanking 错词抄写： ●8（●Unit 1 Helping those in need 课时1词汇 【课时笔记月 1.(1)elder (2)elderly (3)old 2.(1)to carry (2)gives (3)for 3.(1)seriously (2)about (3)serious 4.(1)pain (2)painful (3)pains (4)painfully 5.(1)volunteered (2)volunteers (3)voluntary 6.(1)with (2)joyful (3)joyfully 7.(1)raised (2)rose (3)to raise 8.(1)permission (2)permitted 9.(1)for (2)to visit (3)arrangements 10.(1)donate to (2)donation (3)donors to donate donations 11.(1)pleasant (2)pleasantly (3)pleased (4)pleasure 12.(1)disabled (2)ability (3)disability 〔课时作业！ 一、l.voluntary 2.donation 3.arrangement 4.pleasantly 5.offered 6.joyful 7.painful 8.seriously 9.permission 10.raised 11.disability 12.pleasant 二、l.donate donations 2.arranged arrangements 3.permits permission 4.joyful 5.disability disabled 6.seriously 7.to share 8.painful 9.pleasant pleased 10.volunteers 三、L.look after disabled people 2.voluntary work in need 3.suffers from 4.In order to cheer up in low spirits 5.raise our spirits 6.flower arranging 7.tidy up 8.in vain 9.in order to in need 10.in low spirits 四、1—5 ACDDC 6-10 CABBC 课时2阅读 〔课时笔记月 1.He offered to help the old man. 2.from 3.This song always cheers me up. 参考苔案 答案 4.to speak 5.I continue to learn English in my spare time 6.learning 7.He failed the exam,so he was in low spirits. 〔课时作业1月 一、l.a notice for voluntary work 2.offer to help 3.suffer from serious diseases 4.cheer sb.up/raise one's spirits 5.in low spirits 6.express one's feelings 7.organize a painting competition 8.encourage sb.to do sth. 9.spend time with sb. 10.continue to do sth. 11.visit sb.in one's spare time 12.have difficulty (in)doing sth. 13.take part in social activities 14.bring sb.joy 15.children with no parents 16.disabled children 二、l.offered to help 2.raise their spirits 3.in low spirits cheer him up 4.encourage us to 5.spend time with 6.continue to do 7.has difficulty doing 8.give up in need 三、l.at 2.serious 3.to raise 4.encouraged 5.feelings 6.their 7.Luckily 8.difficulty 9.an 10.because 四、1-5 CCDAA 课时3 语法 〔课时作业日 、l.decide to do sth 2.promise to do sth. 3.plan to do sth. 4.refuse to do sth. 5.expect sb.to do sth 6.want to do sth./would like to do sth. 7.offer to do sth. 8.hope to do sth. 9.encourage sb.to do sth.10.teach sb.to do sth. 11.allow sb.to do sth. 12.advise sb.to do sth. 13.forget to do sth. 14.stop to do sth 二、l.without 2.to study 3.to have 4.to finish 5.offering 6.sleep 7.feel 8.laugh 9.to go 10.to join