Unit 7 单元检测（沈阳专用）-八年级英语下册单元高效复习必备（新教材沪教版）

Unit 7 Space exploration 单元检测 (沈阳专用) 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为90分，考试时间为90分钟。 第一部分选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（分二节，共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节：阅读下列短文，然后根据其内容从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。 A Technology created for space travel can help improve our life on Earth in many ways. As the International Day of Human Space Flight (April 12) and the Space Day of China (April 24) are coming, let’s look at some things we wouldn’t have without space travel. Camera phones In the 1990s, scientists created cameras small enough to fit on spacecraft. The technology is now used in cell phone cameras so that we can take photos with our phone. Sports shoes There wouldn’t be shock-absorbing (减震的) sports shoes if we didn’t go to space. The special materials of the shoes were first used in making spacesuits. The water purification (净化) system In the 1960s, NASA created a technology to remove dirty or harmful things from astronauts’ drinking water. It is now widely used to kill bacteria (细菌) in swimming pools. Wireless headphones Astronauts could easily be caught in wires, so NASA developed wireless, hands-free headphones. Astronauts can then move freely while talking and listening. And our mobile music is made possible. Vacuum cleaners (真空吸尘器) One of the most important tasks for astronauts who landed on the moon was to collect lunar rock and soil samples (样本). Stanley Black & Decker created a lightweight tool to help them do that. The company then used the technology to make the Dustbuster, a vacuum cleaner, in 1979. 1. The shock-absorbing materials come from ________. A. spacecraft B. spacesuits C. wireless headphones D. cameras 2. According to the text, the water purification system is now widely used to ________ A. keep astronauts safe B. collect water samples C. kill bacteria in swimming pools D. remove harmful things from the air 3. Stanley Black & Decker created ________ to help astronauts collect samples. A. the Dustbuster B. a lightweight tool C. the cell phone D. sports shoes 4. In which section of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A. Game. B. Culture. C. Sports. D. Science. 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3 B 4. D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了航天技术如何转化为日常生活中的常见物品，包括摄像手机、运动鞋、净水系统、无线耳机和真空吸尘器等。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The special materials of the shoes were first used in making spacesuits.”可知，运动鞋的减震材料最初用于宇航服。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“It is now widely used to kill bacteria in swimming pools.”可知，净水系统现在广泛用于杀灭游泳池中的细菌。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Vacuum cleaners”部分中“Stanley Black & Decker created a lightweight tool to help them do that.”可知，该公司制造了一种轻便工具帮助宇航员采集样本。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍航天技术转化为民用科技产品可知，文章属于科技领域的说明性内容，因此最可能出现在报纸的“科学”板块。故选D。 B On April 24, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 spaceship went into space with three astronauts. They were heading to the Tiangong Space Station to meet the Shenzhou-19 crew. This was a big moment for China’s space program. The two groups of astronauts worked together for five days—fixing equipment, doing experiments, and preparing for a crew change. When Shenzhou-19’s astronauts left for Earth on April 29, it wasn’t just a routine swap (常规轮换) . The “key handover (交接) ” and their group photo showed how good China has become at running a space station for a long time. During their time together, the six astronauts did important work. The most exciting part was when Shenzhou-19 brought back the eighth batch (批) of science samples from space. These 28 kilograms of samples included small animals and bacteria (细菌) . Scientists want to know how weightlessness affects life. China is working hard to make the space station a safe place for astronauts to live and work for a long time. This mission shows two things China cares about— technology and science. Shenzhou-20docked (对接) with the station in just 6. 5 hours! This shows better auto-docking technology. The experiments also prove that space research can solve real problems. Studying bacteria might lead to new antibiotics (抗生素) or ways to grow food in space. All these efforts fit China’s plan, which is to build a permanent space station and get ready for missions like bringing samples back from Mars. But astronauts face problems like weak bones from microgravity, dangerous radiation, and equipment issues. Each mission, though, brings China closer to being a space leader. The Shenzhou-20 crew will stay for six months, doing more experiments and preparations for the future. From the first manned flight in 2003 to the Shenzhou-19 and 20 missions, our space program shows how persistence (坚持不懈) and new ideas can achieve big goals. As these astronauts explore beyond Earth, they encourage young people to dream of what’s possible in space. 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Shenzhou-20 docked with the Tiangong Space Station on April 29, 2025. B. The two groups of astronauts worked together for three days. C. Their common work included fixing equipment and preparing for crew change. D. The “key handover” was just a routine swap without special meaning. 6. What can we infer from the passage about China’s space program? A. China only focuses on the development of technology without scientific research. B. Building a space station is part of China’s preparation for future space missions. C. The challenges of microgravity have been completely solved by Chinese scientists. D. The experiments on bacteria aim to solve problems about space radiation. 7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Persistence and new ideas are necessary to achieving great goals in exploring space. B. China’s space program started with the Shenzhou-19 and 20 missions. C. Astronauts prefer exploring space to working on Earth. D. Young people are not interested in space dreams anymore. 8. What’s the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了神舟二十号飞船与天宫空间站对接、航天员轮换及协同工作的情况，并阐述了中国空间站项目的技术成就、科学意义以及未来展望。 5. 细节理解题。根据第2段“The two groups of astronauts worked together for five days—fixing equipment, doing experiments, and preparing for a crew change.”可知，他们的共同工作包括修理设备和准备乘组轮换。故选C。 6. 推理判断题。根据第3段“All these efforts fit China’s plan, which is to build a permanent space station and get ready for missions like bringing samples back from Mars.”可知，建造空间站是中国为未来太空任务（如从火星带回样本）做准备的一部分。故选B。 7. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“From the first manned flight in 2003...our space program shows how persistence and new ideas can achieve big goals.”可知，本段主要阐述了坚持和创新对于实现太空探索伟大目标的必要性。故选A。 8. 篇章结构题。文章首段报道新闻事件（发射与对接），次段描述工作内容和象征意义，第三段阐述任务背后的科技与科学目标及长期规划，第四段提及挑战与持续努力，末段升华主题。结构是“事件报道-具体工作-深层意义-挑战与展望-总结升华”。故选B。 C ①Imagine taking a long space trip with your pet. How do you both stay healthy in such conditions like microgravity (微重力) and space radiation (辐射)? ②That’s where space-based animal research comes in. On Oct 31, China’s Shenzhou XXI mission (任务) was carried out with four mice aboard. This is the first time China has sent mice into space for experiments, following earlier missions with fish and flies. After the mice return with the Shenzhou XX spaceship, scientists will further study how space affects their bodies. ③Mice are good for space research because they share genetic (基因) similarities with humans, need little room and reproduce quickly. Also, given their short life, six months in space for a mouse is like over 10 years for a human. This allows scientists to predict what long-term space influences on humans in just months, rather than years. ④But not just any mouse can become an “astronaut”. These mice are chosen for their excellent performance during 60 days of training. They pass physical tests, like riding an “exercise bike”, and some other tests, such as solving mazes (迷宫). ⑤”The animal work is helping us understand how to live a better life in space, making it a healthier reality, as well as helping us study a few illnesses that affect us down on Earth,” Julie Keeble from King’s College London told Understanding Animal Research. For example, space is perfect for studying osteoporosis (骨质疏松), as microgravity causes bone loss 12 times faster than on Earth. In 2017, a study with mice on the International Space Station found a treatment that slowed bone loss and helped new bones grow, offering hope for keeping humans healthy both on Earth and in space. ⑥In the world, sending animals to space began in the late 1940s to see if any life could live the high rocket speeds or the microgravity and radiation in space. Today, studies go further. 9. What does the underlined word “their” refer to in Paragraph Two? A. The mice’s. B. The fish’s. C. The scientists’. D. The flies’. 10. What’s the main idea of Paragraph Three? A. Which mice are allowed to help humans. B. How mice are trained to be “astronauts”. C. Why mice are chosen for space research. D. How long mice can live in space and on earth. 11. Why is the example of osteoporosis given in the fifth paragraph? A. To memorize the scientist, Julie Keeble. B. To express the doubt of the research. C. To explain the meaning of “osteoporosis”. D. To make Keeble’s opinion believable. 12. How does the writer organize the passage? A. ①/②/③④⑤/⑥ B. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ D. ①②/③④⑤/⑥ 【答案】9. A 10. C 11. D 12. D 【知识点】说明文、航天与航空 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国首次将小鼠送入太空进行实验，并探讨了利用动物进行太空研究的意义和方法，以及这些研究对人类健康的潜在帮助。 9. 细节理解题。根据第二段“After the mice return with the Shenzhou XX spaceship, scientists will further study how space affects their bodies.”可知，划线词“their”指代的是前文提到的“the mice”。故选A。 10. 主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了小鼠被选为太空研究对象的三个原因：与人类基因相似、所需空间小、繁殖速度快。因此本段的核心内容是解释为什么选择小鼠进行太空研究。故选C。 11. 推理判断题。第五段中Julie Keeble提到动物研究有助于理解如何在太空中更好地生活，并帮助研究影响地球人类的疾病。骨质疏松的例子是为了具体说明太空研究如何帮助解决地球上的健康问题，从而支持Keeble的观点。故选D。 12. 篇章结构题。文章结构分析如下：①②段引入太空健康问题并描述中国任务（①设问，②具体实验）；③④⑤段：详细说明小鼠用于太空研究的原因（③）、选拔标准（④）及研究意义（⑤）；⑥段：回顾全球太空动物研究的历史背景。因此正确分段为：①②/③④⑤/⑥，对应选项D。故选D。 D On November 14, 2023, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) (国际民用航空组织) officially recognized China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation (卫星导航) System (BDS) as the world level. This makes it one of four global satellite navigation systems, along with the United States' GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the European Union’s Galileo. China started to develop the BDS in 1994. The system came into use in 2000. After 12 years of work, it began serving the Asia-Pacific region. In 2020, with the global use of BDS-3, China has improved the system to provide users with more correct positioning services, making it a valuable tool for more industries, including transportation, agriculture, and surveying. Now, with 59 satellites in its network, the BDS has served more than 1.5 billion users across the world. Most mobile apps providing maps, navigation and shopping services in China already support the BDS. China’s satellite navigation industry is growing fast. Its value reached more than 500 billion yuan in 2022. That number is expected to double by 2025. In the first half year of 2023, there were about 13.4 million new BDS devices. Nearly 60% were used in transport systems. The rest were used in communication and agriculture. The former made up about 28%and the latter 12%. As BDS gets more popular, it is expected to play an increasingly important role in global navigation and positioning services. 13. What does the underlined word “devices” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. services B. transportation C. communication D. facilities 14. What do we know from Paragraph 3? A. It is very expensive to put BDS into use. B. All of the mobile apps in China support the BDS. C. Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System is developing rapidly. D. China’s satellite navigation industry is facing great challenges. 15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. BDS has been widely used in many fields. B. BDS has served more users than Russia’s GLONASS. C. BDS began to provide positioning services for people in 1994. D. BDS is the most important satellite navigation system in the world. 16. What’s the best title for this passage? A. The role of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System B. The importance of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System C. The popularity of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System D. The introduction to China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System 【答案】13. D 14. C 15. A 16. D 【解析】本文介绍了中国北斗卫星导航系统的研发过程以及功能。 13. 词义猜测题。根据“Nearly 16% were used in transport systems.”可知，此处表示用于运输系统的设施，故选D。 14. 推理判断题。根据“Most mobile apps providing maps, navigation and shopping services in China already support the BDS. China’s satellite navigation industry is growing fast.”可知，北斗卫星导航系统发展迅速。故选C。 15. 推理判断题。根据“Most mobile apps providing maps, navigation and shopping services in China already support the BDS.”可知，北斗卫星导航系统已广泛应用于多个领域。故选A。 16. 标题归纳题。根据“China started to develop the BDS in 1994.”和“As BDS gets more popular, it is expected to play an increasingly important role in global navigation and positioning services.”可知，本文介绍了中国北斗卫星导航系统，故选D。 第二节：阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余选项。 阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you heard of Yang Liwei, Nie Haisheng and Wang Yaping? They are all great astronauts. Do you want to be an astronaut like them? Maybe some students say“yes”. However, they don’t know that it’s not easy to be an astronaut. Now let’s learn about how to be an astronaut. You must have a healthy body. To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and good lungs are important. 17 For example, you can’t have scars (伤疤) on your body because they may split (裂开) in space. You must get a pilot’s license. In China, you must be a great pilot before you can be an astronaut. 18 For example, you must fly more than 600 hours without accidents. After that, you’ll start training when you become a backup astronaut (预备航天员). You must receive some hard training. You need to be as strong as professional athletes (运动员) by taking exercise. 19 You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. You must learn some courses. Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts have to take 60 courses to get ready for a mission (任务). 20 After taking different courses, they will know how to deal with all kinds of problems during the mission. They also need to do scientific experiments in space. A. It’s not easy to take a mission in space. B. You can take exercise by running or swimming. C. You’d better not have other small body problems. D. What’s more, you must have enough flying experience. E. They have to learn math, English, physics and many more. 【答案】17. C 18. D 19. B 20. E 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何成为一名宇航员，包括需要具备的身体条件、获得飞行员执照、接受艰苦训练以及学习相关课程等方面的要求。 17. 根据上文“Good eyesight, a strong heart and good lungs are important.”可知，良好的视力、强壮的心脏和良好的肺很重要，这些都是身体方面的要求，以及下文“For example, you can’t have scars on your body because they may split in space.”可知，例如，你的身体上不能有伤疤，因为它们在太空中可能会裂开，这是对身体其他方面的要求，所以空处应填一个承上启下的句子，即最好不要有其他小的身体问题，选项C“你最好不要有其他小的身体问题”符合语境。故选C。 18. 根据上文“In China, you must be a great pilot before you can be an astronaut.”可知，在中国，在成为宇航员之前，你必须是一名优秀的飞行员，以及下文“For example, you must fly more than 600 hours without accidents.”可知，例如，你必须飞行超过600小时没有事故，这是对飞行经验的具体要求，所以空处应填一个与飞行经验相关的句子，选项D“而且，你必须有足够的飞行经验”符合语境。故选D。 19. 根据上文“You need to be as strong as professional athletes by taking exercise.”可知，你需要通过锻炼变得和专业运动员一样强壮，以及下文“You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet.”可知，你还要穿上200公斤重的宇航服，在水下不吃不喝不上厕所地执行六七个小时的任务，这是具体的训练内容，所以空处应填一个与锻炼方式相关的句子，选项B“你可以通过跑步或游泳来锻炼”符合语境。故选B。 20. 根据上文“Astronauts have to take 60 courses to get ready for a mission.”可知，宇航员必须学习60门课程来为任务做准备，以及下文“After taking different courses, they will know how to deal with all kinds of problems during the mission.”可知，在上了不同的课程后，他们将知道如何在任务中处理各种各样的问题，所以空处应填一个与课程相关的句子，选项E“他们必须学习数学、英语、物理和更多其他学科”符合语境。故选E。 二、完形填空（10分） Space exploration has always been humanity’s exciting adventure, pushing us to unlock the universe’s secrets. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. This event 21______ the start of the space age and inspired global interest in exploring the stars. Just four years later, Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit Earth, proving space travel was a 22__________ achievement. The Apollo 11 mission in 1969 was unforgettable. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepped onto the moon, a success from years of teamwork and perseverance. It showed humans can overcome great 23_________. Today, the International Space Station (ISS) is a global lab. Astronauts from 24_______countries live there, doing experiments on weightlessness. These studies have led to new technologies that benefit life on Earth 25_______. Exploring Mars is another key goal. Rovers like Perseverance 26__________its surface, searching for water and signs of life. They send back 27________ data, bringing us closer to answering: Are we alone? Private companies now help people be able to 28________ space travel by developing reusable rockets to cut costs. This once major barrier is fading, opening space to more people. Space exploration inspires young people to pursue science careers. It teaches us to be curious and brave enough to 29_________the unknown. As we look ahead, we may build moon bases or send humans to Mars. The journey will be hard, but the reward — understanding our place in the universe—are worth it. Let us never stop looking up at the stars and ___30____ exploring the universe. And we should always remember that teamwork and courage are key to success in space. 21. A. marked B. changed C. stopped D. avoided 22. A. possible B. impossible C. difficult D. boring 23. A. challenges B. supplies C. mission D. creation 24. A. single B. same C. diferent D. separate 25. A. directly B. indirectly C. suddenly D. rarely 26. A. cover B. protect C. explore D. build 27. A. common B. educational C. interesting D. valuable 28. A. affect B. afford C. provide D. offer 29. A. fear B. avoid C. explore D. ignore 30. A. dreaming of B. thinking of C. hearing of D. talking of 【答案】21.A 22.A 23.A 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.A 【解析】介绍人类太空探索的发展历程：从第一颗人造卫星、人类首次绕地飞行、阿波罗登月，到国际空间站、火星探测；再到私营公司降低太空旅行成本，激励人们探索未知、心怀航天梦想，点明合作与勇气是太空探索成功的关键。 21.A 句意：这一事件标志着太空时代的开端，激发了全球探索星空的兴趣。 mark 标志；change 改变；stop 停止；avoid 避免。发射首颗人造卫星是太空时代的标志性事件，只有 marked 符合语境。 22.A 句意：加加林成为首位绕地球飞行的人类，证明太空旅行是一项可行的成就。 possible 可行的、可能的；impossible 不可能的；difficult 困难的；boring 无聊的。人类成功进入太空，证实这件事可以实现，选 possible。 23.A 句意：这表明人类能够战胜巨大的挑战。 challenges 挑战；supplies 物资；mission 任务；creation 创造。登月历经多年团队合作与坚持，是克服重重困难与挑战，选 challenges。 24.C 句意：来自不同国家的宇航员驻守国际空间站，开展失重实验。 single 单一的；same 相同的；different 不同的；separate 单独的。国际空间站是多国合作项目，宇航员来自各国，选 different。 25.B 句意：这些研究催生了新技术，间接地造福地球上的生活。 directly 直接地；indirectly 间接地；suddenly 突然地；rarely 很少地。太空科研成果转化后惠及日常生活，属于间接受益，选 indirectly。 26.C 句意：像 “毅力号” 这样的火星车探测火星地表，寻找水源和生命迹象。 cover 覆盖；protect 保护；explore 探测、探索；build 建造。火星车的任务是探测探索火星环境，选 explore。 27.D 句意：它们发回有价值的数据，帮我们逐步解开宇宙谜题。 common 普通的；educational 有教育意义的；interesting 有趣的；valuable 有价值的。探测传回的科研数据极具研究价值，选 valuable。 28.B 句意：私营公司研发可回收火箭降低成本，帮助人们能够负担得起太空旅行。 affect 影响；afford 负担得起；provide 提供；offer 主动给予。afford 侧重经济上负担得起，贴合降价后普通人可参与太空旅行的语境。 29.C 句意：它教会我们保持好奇心，勇敢去探索未知事物。 fear 害怕；avoid 回避；explore 探索；ignore 忽视。文章主题是太空探索，倡导勇敢探索未知领域，选 explore。 30.A 句意：让我们永远不要停止仰望星空，梦想着探索宇宙。 dreaming of 梦想；thinking of 想到；hearing of 听说；talking of 谈论。贴合全文心怀航天梦想、憧憬探索宇宙的主旨，选 dreaming of。 第二部分非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Deng Qingming is one of the three Chinese astronauts carrying out China’s Shenzhou-15 spaceship mission. He 31 (final) got the chance to go to space after nearly 25 years of preparation. Deng was born in a village in Jiangxi Province in 1966. As his 32 (parent) both worked in the fields, he had to look after his younger brothers and sisters. At that time, his dream was to go to college and find a job 33 (support) his family. Deng has been a member of the PLA Air Force (空军) since 1984. When he left his village that year, his friends came to say goodbye to him. He was deeply touched and decided to work hard. Years of hard 34 (train) made him an excellent pilot, and he was chosen as one of the 35 (one) group of Chinese astronauts in 1998. For a long time, Deng served as a backup (后备) astronaut. His road to space was 36 (long) than that of his teammates. He spent almost all of his time preparing and 37 (wait) and he was given the chance to travel to space in the end. Besides that, Deng’s wife supported him a lot. She 38 (take) care of the whole family and never complained. “You’ve set 39 example to our daughter and we are proud of you,” she told him. After a long wait, he flew into space by Shenzhou-15 spaceship in November 2022 at last. Twenty-five years was quite a long time, 40 Deng never gave up. Whenever the nation needs him, he is always waiting there, ready to take on any challenge. 【答案】31. finally 32. parents 33. to support 34. training 35. first 36. longer 37. waiting 38. took 39. an 40. but 【解析】本文讲述了航天员邓清明。 31. 句意：经过近25年的准备，他终于有机会进入太空。此处需用副词finally“最终”作状语，故填finally。 32. 句意：由于父母都在地里干活，他必须照顾弟弟妹妹。结合both，可知此处需用复数。故填parents。 33. 句意：当时，他的梦想是上大学找一份工作养家糊口。此处需用不定式表目的，故填to support。 34. 句意：多年的艰苦训练使他成为一名优秀的飞行员，并于1998年入选中国首批航天员之一。hard training“艰苦训练”，故填training。 35. 句意：多年的艰苦训练使他成为一名优秀的飞行员，并于1998年入选中国首批航天员之一。此处需用序数词first表示顺序。故填first。 36. 句意：他的太空之路比队友更长。结合than，可知此处需用比较级。故填longer。 37. 句意：他几乎把所有的时间都花在准备和等待上，最终他有机会前往太空。spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，故填waiting。 38. 句意：她照顾全家人，从不抱怨。时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填took。 39. 句意：你为我们的女儿树立了榜样，我们为你感到自豪。set an example“树立榜样”，故填an。 40. 句意：二十五年是相当长的一段时间，但邓从未放弃。前后表转折，故填but。 四、任务型阅读 On 31st October, 2025, the Shenzhou XXI spaceship took three Chinese astronauts into space. Now they are on a six-month mission (太空飞行任务). Among the three astronauts, Zhang Lu is the oldest one, and it’s his second space trip. Born in 1976 in Hanshou, Hunan, Zhang Lu showed great interest in music when he was young. When he learnt about a chance to become a pilot at senior high school, however, he decided to have a try. With great physical condition and excellent performance in studies, Zhang Lu realized his dream of being a pilot. Several years later, he became a member of the Chinese astronaut team. Zhang Lu went into space in 2022 for the first time. During the stay, he walked in space four times and finished many difficult tasks with the help of the other two astronauts. After returning to the Earth from his first space trip in 2023, Zhang Lu visited several schools in his hometown and shared his experiences with the students. Not long before his second space trip, Zhang Lu got a letter from one of them. The student passed the exam and was going to be a pilot. In his letter, he wrote, “In the future, I want to be someone like you.” Zhang Lu’s story teaches us that our interests can lead us to surprising places. If we work hard and never give up, we can turn opportunities into achievements. More importantly, sharing our story can encourage others to follow their dreams, and this creates a cycle of hope and success. 41．When did the Shenzhou XXI spaceship take the astronauts into space? 42．How many times did Zhang Lu walk in space during his first mission? 43．What did Zhang Lu do after returning to the Earth in 2023? 44．What can you learn from Zhang Lu’s experiences? 【答案】41．On 31st October, 2025. 42．Four times. 43．He visited several schools in his hometown and shared his experiences with the students. 44．Interests can lead us to surprising places./ If we work hard and never give up, we can turn opportunities into achievements./ We should be brave to achieve our dream./ (答案言之有理即可) 【解析】本文主要介绍了宇航员张陆的两次太空经历。 41．根据“On 31st October, 2025, the Shenzhou XXI spaceship took three Chinese astronauts into space.”可知，2025年10月31日，神舟二十一号宇宙飞船将三名中国宇航员送入太空。故填On 31st October, 2025。 42．根据“Zhang Lu went into space in 2022 for the first time. During the stay, he walked in space four times and finished many difficult tasks with the help of the other two astronauts.”可知，张陆于2022年首次进入太空。在太空停留期间，他在另外两名宇航员的协助下，四次在太空行走，并完成了许多艰巨的任务。故填Four times。 43．根据“After returning to the Earth from his first space trip in 2023, Zhang Lu visited several schools in his hometown and shared his experiences with the students.”可知，2023年，张陆首次太空之旅返回地球后，参观了家乡的几所学校，并与学生们分享了他的经历。故填He visited several schools in his hometown and shared his experiences with the students。 44．根据“Zhang Lu’s story teaches us that our interests can lead us to surprising places. If we work hard and never give up, we can turn opportunities into achievements. More importantly, sharing our story can encourage others to follow their dreams, and this create a cycle of hope and success.”可知，张陆的故事告诉我们，兴趣可以引领我们到达令人惊喜的地方。只要我们努力工作，永不放弃，就能将机遇转化为成就。更重要的是，分享我们的故事可以鼓励他人追随自己的梦想，从而形成希望与成功的良性循环。故填Interests can lead us to surprising places。或者If we work hard and never give up, we can turn opportunities into achievements。或者 We should be brave to achieve our dreams。 第四节、书面表达（15分） 有些人认为地球上的问题已经够多了，不应该花费大量资源探索太空。对此，你有何看法？请以"Why Space Exploration is Important"为题，写一篇短文。 支持观点： 1.推动科学技术进步 2.寻找新的资源和生存空间 3.增进人类对宇宙的认识 4.激发年轻人对科学的兴趣 反对观点： 1.耗费大量资金，应该先解决地球问题 2.太空探索有风险，可能造成人员伤亡 3.产生太空垃圾，污染宇宙环境 4.技术可能被用于军事目的 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Some people say we have enough problems on Earth and shouldn’t waste resources on space exploration. However, I believe it is of great importance. First, space exploration drives the progress of science and technology, which also benefits our daily life. Such as GPS, weather forecasting, China's BeiDou system—all were advanced by space research. Second, it helps us find new resources and possible living space for humans. Third, it lets us know more about the universe. What’s more, it can inspire young people to love science. It is true that space exploration costs lots of money, has risks and may cause space pollution. But if we use it in a peaceful way, its advantages are far more than disadvantages. We should keep exploring space wisely. Therefore, it is necessary for us to support space exploration and move forward bravely to explore the unknown world. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Space exploration 单元检测 (沈阳专用) 温馨提示： 本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为90分，考试时间为90分钟。 第一部分选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（分二节，共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节：阅读下列短文，然后根据其内容从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。 A Technology created for space travel can help improve our life on Earth in many ways. As the International Day of Human Space Flight (April 12) and the Space Day of China (April 24) are coming, let’s look at some things we wouldn’t have without space travel. Camera phones In the 1990s, scientists created cameras small enough to fit on spacecraft. The technology is now used in cell phone cameras so that we can take photos with our phone. Sports shoes There wouldn’t be shock-absorbing (减震的) sports shoes if we didn’t go to space. The special materials of the shoes were first used in making spacesuits. The water purification (净化) system In the 1960s, NASA created a technology to remove dirty or harmful things from astronauts’ drinking water. It is now widely used to kill bacteria (细菌) in swimming pools. Wireless headphones Astronauts could easily be caught in wires, so NASA developed wireless, hands-free headphones. Astronauts can then move freely while talking and listening. And our mobile music is made possible. Vacuum cleaners (真空吸尘器) One of the most important tasks for astronauts who landed on the moon was to collect lunar rock and soil samples (样本). Stanley Black & Decker created a lightweight tool to help them do that. The company then used the technology to make the Dustbuster, a vacuum cleaner, in 1979. 1. The shock-absorbing materials come from ________. A. spacecraft B. spacesuits C. wireless headphones D. cameras 2. According to the text, the water purification system is now widely used to ________ A. keep astronauts safe B. collect water samples C. kill bacteria in swimming pools D. remove harmful things from the air 3. Stanley Black & Decker created ________ to help astronauts collect samples. A. the Dustbuster B. a lightweight tool C. the cell phone D. sports shoes 4. In which section of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A. Game. B. Culture. C. Sports. D. Science. B On April 24, 2025, the Shenzhou-20 spaceship went into space with three astronauts. They were heading to the Tiangong Space Station to meet the Shenzhou-19 crew. This was a big moment for China’s space program. The two groups of astronauts worked together for five days—fixing equipment, doing experiments, and preparing for a crew change. When Shenzhou-19’s astronauts left for Earth on April 29, it wasn’t just a routine swap (常规轮换) . The “key handover (交接) ” and their group photo showed how good China has become at running a space station for a long time. During their time together, the six astronauts did important work. The most exciting part was when Shenzhou-19 brought back the eighth batch (批) of science samples from space. These 28 kilograms of samples included small animals and bacteria (细菌) . Scientists want to know how weightlessness affects life. China is working hard to make the space station a safe place for astronauts to live and work for a long time. This mission shows two things China cares about— technology and science. Shenzhou-20docked (对接) with the station in just 6. 5 hours! This shows better auto-docking technology. The experiments also prove that space research can solve real problems. Studying bacteria might lead to new antibiotics (抗生素) or ways to grow food in space. All these efforts fit China’s plan, which is to build a permanent space station and get ready for missions like bringing samples back from Mars. But astronauts face problems like weak bones from microgravity, dangerous radiation, and equipment issues. Each mission, though, brings China closer to being a space leader. The Shenzhou-20 crew will stay for six months, doing more experiments and preparations for the future. From the first manned flight in 2003 to the Shenzhou-19 and 20 missions, our space program shows how persistence (坚持不懈) and new ideas can achieve big goals. As these astronauts explore beyond Earth, they encourage young people to dream of what’s possible in space. 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Shenzhou-20 docked with the Tiangong Space Station on April 29, 2025. B. The two groups of astronauts worked together for three days. C. Their common work included fixing equipment and preparing for crew change. D. The “key handover” was just a routine swap without special meaning. 6. What can we infer from the passage about China’s space program? A. China only focuses on the development of technology without scientific research. B. Building a space station is part of China’s preparation for future space missions. C. The challenges of microgravity have been completely solved by Chinese scientists. D. The experiments on bacteria aim to solve problems about space radiation. 7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Persistence and new ideas are necessary to achieving great goals in exploring space. B. China’s space program started with the Shenzhou-19 and 20 missions. C. Astronauts prefer exploring space to working on Earth. D. Young people are not interested in space dreams anymore. 8. What’s the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. C ①Imagine taking a long space trip with your pet. How do you both stay healthy in such conditions like microgravity (微重力) and space radiation (辐射)? ②That’s where space-based animal research comes in. On Oct 31, China’s Shenzhou XXI mission (任务) was carried out with four mice aboard. This is the first time China has sent mice into space for experiments, following earlier missions with fish and flies. After the mice return with the Shenzhou XX spaceship, scientists will further study how space affects their bodies. ③Mice are good for space research because they share genetic (基因) similarities with humans, need little room and reproduce quickly. Also, given their short life, six months in space for a mouse is like over 10 years for a human. This allows scientists to predict what long-term space influences on humans in just months, rather than years. ④But not just any mouse can become an “astronaut”. These mice are chosen for their excellent performance during 60 days of training. They pass physical tests, like riding an “exercise bike”, and some other tests, such as solving mazes (迷宫). ⑤”The animal work is helping us understand how to live a better life in space, making it a healthier reality, as well as helping us study a few illnesses that affect us down on Earth,” Julie Keeble from King’s College London told Understanding Animal Research. For example, space is perfect for studying osteoporosis (骨质疏松), as microgravity causes bone loss 12 times faster than on Earth. In 2017, a study with mice on the International Space Station found a treatment that slowed bone loss and helped new bones grow, offering hope for keeping humans healthy both on Earth and in space. ⑥In the world, sending animals to space began in the late 1940s to see if any life could live the high rocket speeds or the microgravity and radiation in space. Today, studies go further. 9. What does the underlined word “their” refer to in Paragraph Two? A. The mice’s. B. The fish’s. C. The scientists’. D. The flies’. 10. What’s the main idea of Paragraph Three? A. Which mice are allowed to help humans. B. How mice are trained to be “astronauts”. C. Why mice are chosen for space research. D. How long mice can live in space and on earth. 11. Why is the example of osteoporosis given in the fifth paragraph? A. To memorize the scientist, Julie Keeble. B. To express the doubt of the research. C. To explain the meaning of “osteoporosis”. D. To make Keeble’s opinion believable. 12. How does the writer organize the passage? A. ①/②/③④⑤/⑥ B. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ D. ①②/③④⑤/⑥ D On November 14, 2023, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) (国际民用航空组织) officially recognized China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation (卫星导航) System (BDS) as the world level. This makes it one of four global satellite navigation systems, along with the United States' GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the European Union’s Galileo. China started to develop the BDS in 1994. The system came into use in 2000. After 12 years of work, it began serving the Asia-Pacific region. In 2020, with the global use of BDS-3, China has improved the system to provide users with more correct positioning services, making it a valuable tool for more industries, including transportation, agriculture, and surveying. Now, with 59 satellites in its network, the BDS has served more than 1.5 billion users across the world. Most mobile apps providing maps, navigation and shopping services in China already support the BDS. China’s satellite navigation industry is growing fast. Its value reached more than 500 billion yuan in 2022. That number is expected to double by 2025. In the first half year of 2023, there were about 13.4 million new BDS devices. Nearly 60% were used in transport systems. The rest were used in communication and agriculture. The former made up about 28%and the latter 12%. As BDS gets more popular, it is expected to play an increasingly important role in global navigation and positioning services. 13. What does the underlined word “devices” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. services B. transportation C. communication D. facilities 14. What do we know from Paragraph 3? A. It is very expensive to put BDS into use. B. All of the mobile apps in China support the BDS. C. Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System is developing rapidly. D. China’s satellite navigation industry is facing great challenges. 15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. BDS has been widely used in many fields. B. BDS has served more users than Russia’s GLONASS. C. BDS began to provide positioning services for people in 1994. D. BDS is the most important satellite navigation system in the world. 16. What’s the best title for this passage? A. The role of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System B. The importance of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System C. The popularity of China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System D. The introduction to China’s Bei Dou Satellite Navigation System 第二节：阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余选项。 阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you heard of Yang Liwei, Nie Haisheng and Wang Yaping? They are all great astronauts. Do you want to be an astronaut like them? Maybe some students say“yes”. However, they don’t know that it’s not easy to be an astronaut. Now let’s learn about how to be an astronaut. You must have a healthy body. To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and good lungs are important. 17 For example, you can’t have scars (伤疤) on your body because they may split (裂开) in space. You must get a pilot’s license. In China, you must be a great pilot before you can be an astronaut. 18 For example, you must fly more than 600 hours without accidents. After that, you’ll start training when you become a backup astronaut (预备航天员). You must receive some hard training. You need to be as strong as professional athletes (运动员) by taking exercise. 19 You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. You must learn some courses. Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts have to take 60 courses to get ready for a mission (任务). 20 After taking different courses, they will know how to deal with all kinds of problems during the mission. They also need to do scientific experiments in space. A. It’s not easy to take a mission in space. B. You can take exercise by running or swimming. C. You’d better not have other small body problems. D. What’s more, you must have enough flying experience. E. They have to learn math, English, physics and many more. 二、完形填空（10分） Space exploration has always been humanity’s exciting adventure, pushing us to unlock the universe’s secrets. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. This event 21______ the start of the space age and inspired global interest in exploring the stars. Just four years later, Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit Earth, proving space travel was a 22__________ achievement. The Apollo 11 mission in 1969 was unforgettable. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepped onto the moon, a success from years of teamwork and perseverance. It showed humans can overcome great 23_________. Today, the International Space Station (ISS) is a global lab. Astronauts from 24_______countries live there, doing experiments on weightlessness. These studies have led to new technologies that benefit life on Earth 25_______. Exploring Mars is another key goal. Rovers like Perseverance 26__________its surface, searching for water and signs of life. They send back 27________ data, bringing us closer to answering: Are we alone? Private companies now help people be able to 28________ space travel by developing reusable rockets to cut costs. This once major barrier is fading, opening space to more people. Space exploration inspires young people to pursue science careers. It teaches us to be curious and brave enough to 29_________the unknown. As we look ahead, we may build moon bases or send humans to Mars. The journey will be hard, but the reward — understanding our place in the universe—are worth it. Let us never stop looking up at the stars and ___30____ exploring the universe. And we should always remember that teamwork and courage are key to success in space. 21. A. marked B. changed C. stopped D. avoided 22. A. possible B. impossible C. difficult D. boring 23. A. challenges B. supplies C. mission D. creation 24. A. single B. same C. diferent D. separate 25. A. directly B. indirectly C. suddenly D. rarely 26. A. cover B. protect C. explore D. build 27. A. common B. educational C. interesting D. valuable 28. A. affect B. afford C. provide D. offer 29. A. fear B. avoid C. explore D. ignore 30. A. dreaming of B. thinking of C. hearing of D. talking of 第二部分非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Deng Qingming is one of the three Chinese astronauts carrying out China’s Shenzhou-15 spaceship mission. He 31 (final) got the chance to go to space after nearly 25 years of preparation. Deng was born in a village in Jiangxi Province in 1966. As his 32 (parent) both worked in the fields, he had to look after his younger brothers and sisters. At that time, his dream was to go to college and find a job 33 (support) his family. Deng has been a member of the PLA Air Force (空军) since 1984. When he left his village that year, his friends came to say goodbye to him. He was deeply touched and decided to work hard. Years of hard 34 (train) made him an excellent pilot, and he was chosen as one of the 35 (one) group of Chinese astronauts in 1998. For a long time, Deng served as a backup (后备) astronaut. His road to space was 36 (long) than that of his teammates. He spent almost all of his time preparing and 37 (wait) and he was given the chance to travel to space in the end. Besides that, Deng’s wife supported him a lot. She 38 (take) care of the whole family and never complained. “You’ve set 39 example to our daughter and we are proud of you,” she told him. After a long wait, he flew into space by Shenzhou-15 spaceship in November 2022 at last. Twenty-five years was quite a long time, 40 Deng never gave up. Whenever the nation needs him, he is always waiting there, ready to take on any challenge. 四、任务型阅读 On 31st October, 2025, the Shenzhou XXI spaceship took three Chinese astronauts into space. Now they are on a six-month mission (太空飞行任务). Among the three astronauts, Zhang Lu is the oldest one, and it’s his second space trip. Born in 1976 in Hanshou, Hunan, Zhang Lu showed great interest in music when he was young. When he learnt about a chance to become a pilot at senior high school, however, he decided to have a try. With great physical condition and excellent performance in studies, Zhang Lu realized his dream of being a pilot. Several years later, he became a member of the Chinese astronaut team. Zhang Lu went into space in 2022 for the first time. During the stay, he walked in space four times and finished many difficult tasks with the help of the other two astronauts. After returning to the Earth from his first space trip in 2023, Zhang Lu visited several schools in his hometown and shared his experiences with the students. Not long before his second space trip, Zhang Lu got a letter from one of them. The student passed the exam and was going to be a pilot. In his letter, he wrote, “In the future, I want to be someone like you.” Zhang Lu’s story teaches us that our interests can lead us to surprising places. If we work hard and never give up, we can turn opportunities into achievements. More importantly, sharing our story can encourage others to follow their dreams, and this creates a cycle of hope and success. 41．When did the Shenzhou XXI spaceship take the astronauts into space? 42．How many times did Zhang Lu walk in space during his first mission? 43．What did Zhang Lu do after returning to the Earth in 2023? 44．What can you learn from Zhang Lu’s experiences? 第四节、书面表达（15分） 有些人认为地球上的问题已经够多了，不应该花费大量资源探索太空。对此，你有何看法？请以"Why Space Exploration is Important"为题，写一篇短文。 支持观点： 1.推动科学技术进步 2.寻找新的资源和生存空间 3.增进人类对宇宙的认识 4.激发年轻人对科学的兴趣 反对观点： 1.耗费大量资金，应该先解决地球问题 2.太空探索有风险，可能造成人员伤亡 3.产生太空垃圾，污染宇宙环境 4.技术可能被用于军事目的 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $