Unit 5 课时5 Section B 2a-2c（大单元分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

Unit 5 Nature's Temper 课时5 Section B (2a-2c) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/n. 滑坡；塌方 safeguard /ˈseɪfɡɑːd/v. 保护；捍卫 floodwater /ˈflʌdwɔːtə(r)/n. 洪水 manpower /ˈmænpaʊə(r)/n. 劳动力；人力 heartbeat /ˈhɑːtbiːt/n. 心跳（声） rescue /ˈreskjuː/n. & v. 救援；营救 heatwave /ˈhiːtweɪv/n. 热浪 southwestern /ˌsaʊθˈwestən/adj. 西南的；西南方向的firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/n. 消防队员 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/n. 志愿者；自告奋勇者 v. 自愿做；义务做 句型 1.It caused drought in different parts of the country. 它在该国不同地区引发了干旱。 2.Large wildfires swept through the forests and mountains there. 大规模野火席卷了那里的森林和山脉。 ) 一、单项选择。 1.An earthquake ______ in the small town at midnight last night. A. took place B. take place C. is taking place 2.A strong typhoon ______ the coast and blew across the city this morning. A. land B. landed C. lands 3.The tsunami ______ the coastal village and destroyed many houses. A. swept through B. swept away C. swept up 4.The rescue team needed more ______ to clear the roads after the flood. A. manpower B. manpowers C. manpowerses 5.They built a high wall to ______ their homes from floodwater. A. safeguard B. safe C. safety 6.The doctor checked the old man’s ______ to make sure he was okay after the storm. A. heartbeat B. heartbeats C. heartbeated 7.During the heavy rain, the ______ rose quickly and almost reached the door. A. floodwater B. floodwaters C. floodwatered 8.The heatwave caused a serious ______ in the southwestern part of China in 2022. A. drought B. droughts C. droughting 9.The police ______ people to stay away from the wildfire area. A. warned B. warn C. warning 10.The rescue workers were tired, but they ______ to give up saving people. A. refused B. refused to C. refusing 二、用所给词适当形式填空。 1．We had much trouble ________ (find) the way in the heavy fog. 2．The heavy rain trouble ________ (we) a lot during our trip. 3．You will get into trouble ________ you break the school rules. 4．When you are ________ trouble, you can ask your friends for help. 三、完形填空 Chongqing, a beautiful city of more than 30 million people, faced a terrible natural disaster test in the hot 1 of 2022.In August, Chongqing kept fighting the fire caused by the hot and dry weather. People from all walks of life volunteered to 2 the terrible fire together. Some people cut down trees to make fire barriers (屏障). Others 3 motorbikes on newly formed roads to take firefighters and supplies up the mountain, while some volunteers carried food and drinks 4 their backs on foot. Women and children helped organize supplies, cleaned the ground and finished other 5 tasks. At night, as the fire got close to a man-made barrier on Jinyun Mountain, more than 1,000 firefighters and volunteers stood alongside the barrier. They held fire extinguishers tightly in their 6 . People could see their lights 7 . These warm lights built a strong wall and stopped the fire from spreading. These moving stories 8 many people. Du Hailang is the leader of the Beijing Emergency Rescue Association (应急救援协会). He and 10 other members joined the life-saving team in Chongqing. He said, “Chongqing people are really amazing 9 they built a great man-made fire barrier bravely. The wall was unbelievable and it brought us great hope. It really showed Chinese people’s strong 10 to protect our homeland.” 1．A．spring B．summer C．autumn 2．A．put out B．look for C．find out 3．A．bought B．rode C．took 4．A．in B．at C．on 5．A．important B．impossible C．interesting 6．A．feet B．knees C．hands 7．A．hardly B．clearly C．badly 8．A．refused B．helped C．touched 9．A．because B．while C．unless 10．A．development B．confidence C．determination 四、阅读理解 On March 15, a serious wildfire suddenly swept across a large wild forest in Yajiang County, Sichuan Province. Luckily, no people lost their lives in this terrible accident. Wildfires are really dangerous natural disasters. They can spread very quickly and burn large areas of green trees and dry grass in a short time, bringing great harm to the natural environment. ① Wildfires happen very often in spring in China In 2023, there were 328 wildfires across our country. 147 of them broke out in March and April, making up almost half of the whole year’s wildfires. These fires not only damaged forests but also brought trouble to the lives of local people ②________ There is little rainfall in many places, especially in Southwest China, so the air and plants become very dry. Dry plants turn easy to catch fire when they start to grow and come back to life after winter. Besides, strong winds are quite usual in spring. They make wildfires spread much faster and more widely in the open air, making it harder to put out the fire. ③ Useful ways to protect yourself from wildfires When you meet wildfires, stay calm first. It helps you make right and wise decisions and avoid making mistakes. Always stay upwind of the fire to keep away from the smoke and flames. Move to safe places at once if the wind turns dangerous. If you are surrounded by fire, cover your body with wet clothes or a wet quilt and find places with water, like rivers or pools. Wide empty roads can also keep you away from the fire safely until help arrives. 1．What percent of wildfires in China happened in March and April in 2023? A．Almost 20%. B．Almost 50%. C．Almost 80%. D．Almost 90%. 2．Which of the following can be put in “________”. A．Plants survive in spring wildfires B．Terrible weather in Spring. C．Main reasons for spring wildfires D．Different ways to put out wildfires 3．Which of the following may cause spring wildfires? ①little rainfall and dry plants    ②strong winds in spring    ③dry air after winter  ④cutting down trees A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．Which of the following pictures shows the right way to protect yourself from wildfires? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．To ask people to plant more trees. B．To introduce spring wildfires and ways to keep safe. C．To tell a story about a wildfire in Sichuan. D．To tell us how terrible the environment is. 五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。 while bad power wake thankful volunteer preparation take thick weather Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit our town. The weather report warned us days before, but no one thought it would be the 1 in five years. It was Saturday morning. After weeks of hot and dry 2 , the sky turned dark suddenly. 3 black clouds covered the sky, 4 the wind blew hard outside. My alarm didn’t go off, and I 5 up late. Outside, the street was full of water. The city was in trouble — the 6 was out, and the water on the roads was very deep. 7 , our community acted quickly. I saw security guards helping old people, and neighbors sharing food and water. I joined them as a 8 , helping to clean the street. We worked hard and refused 9 a rest. This experience taught me that making enough 10 before disasters is very important. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Nature's Temper! 课时5 Section B (2a-2c) 分层作业 参考答案 一、单项选择 1-5ABAAA 6-10AAAAA 二、用所给词适当形式填空 1．finding 2．us 3．if 4．in 三、完型填空 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 四、阅读理解。 B C A D B 五、选词填空 1．worst 2．weather 3．Thick 4．while 5． woke 6．power 7．Thankfully 8．volunteer 9． to take 10． preparations ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Nature's Temper 课时5 Section B (2a-2c) 分层作业 速记核心知识 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 一、单项选择。 1.An earthquake ______ in the small town at midnight last night. A. took place B. take place C. is taking place 2.A strong typhoon ______ the coast and blew across the city this morning. A. land B. landed C. lands 3.The tsunami ______ the coastal village and destroyed many houses. A. swept through B. swept away C. swept up 4.The rescue team needed more ______ to clear the roads after the flood. A. manpower B. manpowers C. manpowerses 5.They built a high wall to ______ their homes from floodwater. A. safeguard B. safe C. safety 6.The doctor checked the old man’s ______ to make sure he was okay after the storm. A. heartbeat B. heartbeats C. heartbeated 7.During the heavy rain, the ______ rose quickly and almost reached the door. A. floodwater B. floodwaters C. floodwatered 8.The heatwave caused a serious ______ in the southwestern part of China in 2022. A. drought B. droughts C. droughting 9.The police ______ people to stay away from the wildfire area. A. warned B. warn C. warning 10.The rescue workers were tired, but they ______ to give up saving people. A. refused B. refused to C. refusing 答案：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A6.A 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.A 解析： 1. A 解析：时间状语 last night 用一般过去时；take place 表 “发生”，过去式 took place。 2. B 解析 this morning 为过去时间，用一般过去时，land 过去式 landed。 3. A 解析：sweep through 固定搭配 “席卷”，用于海啸、洪水；sweep away 冲走，sweep up 打扫，不符合语境。 4. A 解析：manpower 意为 “人力”，是不可数名词，无复数形式。 5. A 解析：to 后接动词原形；safeguard…from… 保护…… 免受……；safe 形容词，safety 名词，不能放 to 后。 6. A 解析：heartbeat 心跳，单数即可，无复数特殊变化。 7. A 解析：floodwater 洪水，不可数名词，无复数。 8. A 解析：cause a serious drought 固定搭配 “造成严重干旱”，用单数。 9. A 解析：叙述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，warn 过去式 warned。 10. A 解析：全文过去时态用 refused；句中已有 to give up，不需再加 to。 二、用所给词适当形式填空。 1．We had much trouble ________ (find) the way in the heavy fog. 2．The heavy rain trouble ________ (we) a lot during our trip. 3．You will get into trouble ________ you break the school rules. 4．When you are ________ trouble, you can ask your friends for help. 答案： 1.finding 2.troubled 3.if 4.in 解析： 1.finding 解析：固定结构 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。 2.troubled 解析：叙述旅行时的过去事情，用一般过去时 trouble → troubled。 3.if 解析：if 引导条件状语从句，表 “如果违反校规，就会陷入麻烦”。 4.in 解析：固定短语 be in trouble 处于困境中。 三、完形填空 Chongqing, a beautiful city of more than 30 million people, faced a terrible natural disaster test in the hot 1 of 2022.In August, Chongqing kept fighting the fire caused by the hot and dry weather. People from all walks of life volunteered to 2 the terrible fire together. Some people cut down trees to make fire barriers (屏障). Others 3 motorbikes on newly formed roads to take firefighters and supplies up the mountain, while some volunteers carried food and drinks 4 their backs on foot. Women and children helped organize supplies, cleaned the ground and finished other 5 tasks. At night, as the fire got close to a man-made barrier on Jinyun Mountain, more than 1,000 firefighters and volunteers stood alongside the barrier. They held fire extinguishers tightly in their 6 . People could see their lights 7 . These warm lights built a strong wall and stopped the fire from spreading. These moving stories 8 many people. Du Hailang is the leader of the Beijing Emergency Rescue Association (应急救援协会). He and 10 other members joined the life-saving team in Chongqing. He said, “Chongqing people are really amazing 9 they built a great man-made fire barrier bravely. The wall was unbelievable and it brought us great hope. It really showed Chinese people’s strong 10 to protect our homeland.” 1．A．spring B．summer C．autumn 2．A．put out B．look for C．find out 3．A．bought B．rode C．took 4．A．in B．at C．on 5．A．important B．impossible C．interesting 6．A．feet B．knees C．hands 7．A．hardly B．clearly C．badly 8．A．refused B．helped C．touched 9．A．because B．while C．unless 10．A．development B．confidence C．determination 答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 解析： 1. B 解析：2022 年 8 月属于夏季 summer。 2. A 解析：put out the fire 灭火；look for 寻找，find out 查明，不符句意。 3. B 解析：ride motorbikes 骑摩托车，全文过去时，ride → rode。 4. C 解析：固定搭配 on their backs 在背上。 5. A 解析：妇女儿童整理物资、打扫卫生，完成其他重要任务。 6. C 解析：灭火器是握在双手里。 7. B 解析：clearly 清楚地，人们能清楚看到微光。 8. C 解析：touch 此处意为 “感动、触动”，故事感动了许多人。 9. A 解析：because 表原因，解释重庆人了不起的原因。 10. C 解析：determination 决心；strong determination 坚定的守护家园的决心。 四、阅读理解 On March 15, a serious wildfire suddenly swept across a large wild forest in Yajiang County, Sichuan Province. Luckily, no people lost their lives in this terrible accident. Wildfires are really dangerous natural disasters. They can spread very quickly and burn large areas of green trees and dry grass in a short time, bringing great harm to the natural environment. ① Wildfires happen very often in spring in China In 2023, there were 328 wildfires across our country. 147 of them broke out in March and April, making up almost half of the whole year’s wildfires. These fires not only damaged forests but also brought trouble to the lives of local people ②________ There is little rainfall in many places, especially in Southwest China, so the air and plants become very dry. Dry plants turn easy to catch fire when they start to grow and come back to life after winter. Besides, strong winds are quite usual in spring. They make wildfires spread much faster and more widely in the open air, making it harder to put out the fire. ③ Useful ways to protect yourself from wildfires When you meet wildfires, stay calm first. It helps you make right and wise decisions and avoid making mistakes. Always stay upwind of the fire to keep away from the smoke and flames. Move to safe places at once if the wind turns dangerous. If you are surrounded by fire, cover your body with wet clothes or a wet quilt and find places with water, like rivers or pools. Wide empty roads can also keep you away from the fire safely until help arrives. 1．What percent of wildfires in China happened in March and April in 2023? A．Almost 20%. B．Almost 50%. C．Almost 80%. D．Almost 90%. 2．Which of the following can be put in “________”. A．Plants survive in spring wildfires B．Terrible weather in Spring. C．Main reasons for spring wildfires D．Different ways to put out wildfires 3．Which of the following may cause spring wildfires? ①little rainfall and dry plants ②strong winds in spring ③dry air after winter ④cutting down trees A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 4．Which of the following pictures shows the right way to protect yourself from wildfires? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．To ask people to plant more trees. B．To introduce spring wildfires and ways to keep safe. C．To tell a story about a wildfire in Sichuan. D．To tell us how terrible the environment is. 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 5.B 解析： 1.B 解析：原文 “making up almost half” 接近 50%。 2.C 解析：本段讲解春季野火频发的主要原因，选 C。 3.A 解析：文中提到：降雨少植被干、冬后空气干燥、春季大风；未提及砍伐树木，选①②③。 4.B 解析：文章介绍春季野火成因，并讲解野火自救方法，选 B。 五、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。 while bad power wake thankful volunteer preparation take thick weather Last summer, a heavy rainstorm hit our town. The weather report warned us days before, but no one thought it would be the 1 in five years. It was Saturday morning. After weeks of hot and dry 2 , the sky turned dark suddenly. 3 black clouds covered the sky, 4 the wind blew hard outside. My alarm didn’t go off, and I 5 up late. Outside, the street was full of water. The city was in trouble — the 6 was out, and the water on the roads was very deep. 7 , our community acted quickly. I saw security guards helping old people, and neighbors sharing food and water. I joined them as a 8 , helping to clean the street. We worked hard and refused 9 a rest. This experience taught me that making enough 10 before disasters is very important. 答案： 1. worst 2. weather 3. Thick 4. while 5. woke 6. power 7. Thankfully 8. volunteer 9. to take 10. preparations 解析： 1. worst 解析：in five years 范围内比较，用 bad 最高级 worst “最严重的”。 2. weather 解析：hot and dry weather 炎热干燥的天气。 3. Thick 解析：thick black clouds 厚厚的乌云，句首大写。 4. while 解析：while 表并列对比，一边乌云密布，一边狂风大作。 5. woke 解析：wake up 醒来，过去式 woke。 6. power 解析：power was out 固定表达 “停电”。 7. Thankfully 解析：副词放句首，意为 “幸好、万幸”。 8. volunteer 解析：a 后接单数名词 volunteer 志愿者。 9. to take 解析：refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事；take a rest 休息。 10. preparations 解析：make preparations 固定搭配 “做准备”，常用复数。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $