Unit 1 课时5 Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c（大单元分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

Unit 1 Time to Relax! 课时5 Section B (2a-2c) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 短语 reduce stress 减压 over time 随着时间的推移 express oneself 表达自我 give up 放弃 take up a hobby 开始一项爱好 have a great time 玩得开心 a great way to do sth. 做某事的好方法 get over sth. 克服（困难、恐惧等） one‘s creative side 某人的创造力/创意一面 find it fun to (do sth.) 觉得做某事很有趣 句型 1. I heard you’re thinking about taking up a hobby? 我听说你在考虑开始一项爱好？ 2. It’s a great way to reduce stress and (to) express myself. 这是一个减压和表达自我的好方法。 3. As long as you don’t give up, you’ll get better at it over time. 只要你不放弃，随着时间的推移你会做得更好。 4. I should get over my fear of failure and just try to have fun. 我应该克服对失败的恐惧，只管去享受乐趣。 5. I was really scared to perform in front of others.  我非常害怕在别人面前表演。 一、单词默写。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______ /sə'dʒestʃn/ n. 建议；提议 2. ________ /'feɪljə/ n. 失败 3. __________ /ɪn'spaɪə/ v. 鼓励；鼓舞 4. ________ /strɪkt/ adj. 严厉的；严格的 5. ________ /sə'praɪzɪŋlɪ/ adv. 出人意料地；惊人地 6. ________ /steɪdʒ/ n. 舞台；阶段 二、词组默写。 1. 开始一项爱好 _______________ 2. 觉得做某事很有趣 _______________ 3.  减压 _______________ 4.  表达自我 _______________ 5.  放弃 _______________ 6.  克服（困难、恐惧等）_______________ 7. 做某事的好方法 _______________ 8. 随着时间的推移 _______________ 9. 某人的创造力/创意一面 _______________ 10. 玩得开心 _______________ 11. 到目前为止 _______________ 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. To __________, many students choose to listen to music after class. 为了减轻压力，很多学生选择在课后听音乐。 2. Don‘t easily __________! Try again and you might succeed. 别轻易放弃！再试一次你可能会成功。 3. At first he found the piano difficult, but __________, he plays better and better. 起初他觉得钢琴很难，但随着时间的推移，他弹得越来越好了。 4. We __________ in the park yesterday. 昨天我们在公园里玩得很开心。 5. Drawing is a great way to __________. 画画是表达自我的一种绝佳方式。 6. __________ keep practicing, your English will surely improve. 只要你坚持练习，你的英语一定会进步。 7. My brother wants to ___________ , like programming or photography.  我哥哥想开始一项新的爱好，比如编程或摄影。 8. Finally, he successfully __________ public speaking. 最终，他成功地克服了对公开演讲的恐惧。 四 、用方框内所给词的适当形式填空（每次只使用一次）。 take up it reduce stress as long as get over suggest A: Hey, I heard you’re thinking about 1._________ a hobby? B: Yes, I am. Any 2._________? A: Well, I find 3. ________ fun to paint. It’s a great way 4.____________ and express myself. B: That sounds fun, but I’m worried about not being good at it. A: Don’t worry. Everyone starts somewhere. 5. ___________ you don’t give up, you’ll get better at it over time. B: Right! I should 6._________ my fear of failure and just try to have fun. A: Exactly! Painting is a great way to discover your creative side too. 五、在空格中填上适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式，使文章内容完整正确。 Not everyone enjoys noisy activities. For me, painting is the best hobby. I can spend hours 1 __________ (draw) in my room. I started 2 __________ (paint) when I was very young. I remember my first painting was a red flower—it looked 3 __________ (rather) funny! Now, painting helps me 4 __________ (express) my feelings. It is not always easy. Sometimes I feel 5 __________ (stress) when I can’t paint well. But I never 6 __________ (give) up. My art teacher often says, “7 __________ (keep) trying is important.” I put 8 __________ all my finished paintings on my wall. Looking at them gives me a strong sense of 9 __________ (achieve). I hope 10 __________ (show) them in a real art show someday. 五、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hobbies are not just for fun. They can also help us learn new things. For example, some people like to cook. 1.____ They follow recipes online and try to make delicious food. 2.____ They feel proud when the food tastes good. Some teenagers enjoy creative hobbies like painting or writing stories. They share their work on social media. 3.____ They can get comments and make new friends who like the same things. 4.____ They think it’s a waste of time. But most people agree that a good hobby should make you feel happy. 5.____ It could be a sport, an art, or even collecting something. The key is to find what you really enjoy. A. This helps them get better. B. Parents always support these hobbies. C. In this way, they learn a useful life skill. D. It doesn’t matter what the hobby is. E. For them, it’s a way to express themselves. F. However, some people don’t understand this. G. They think cooking is too difficult to learn. 六、阅读理解。 In our fast-paced world, a new trend called the “slow hobby” movement is gaining popularity. These are activities that require patience, focus, and cannot be rushed. Examples include knitting, woodworking, birdwatching, or practicing calligraphy. Followers of this movement argue that such hobbies act as a form of “mental training.” They force you to be present in the moment, reducing anxiety about the future or regrets about the past. Unlike finishing a video game level, there is no instant reward. The reward, they say, is the peaceful state of mind during the process and the deep satisfaction upon completing a long-term project. It’s a conscious choice to slow down. 1. What is a “slow hobby” according to the passage? A. A hobby that takes very little time. B. A hobby that is popular on social media. C. A hobby that needs patience, focus, and cannot be done quickly. D. A hobby that is only for old people. 2. What is the main benefit of “slow hobbies” suggested by followers? A. They help people make money quickly. B. They allow people to win competitions. C. They train the mind to focus on the present and reduce anxiety. D. They are the easiest hobbies to learn. 3. The word “conscious” in the last sentence is closest in meaning to ______. A. sleepy B. intentional C. lucky D. public 4. How is the “reward” of a slow hobby different from that of a video game? A. It is more expensive. B. It is more digital. C. It is instant and exciting. D. It is the peaceful process and long-term satisfaction. 七、完形填空。 For many, a hobby has evolved into a “side hustle” — a way to earn extra money. While this can be financially rewarding, finding balance is 1.___. Maya loved painting and started selling her artwork online. Success came quickly, and orders poured in. Soon, her relaxing hobby became a source of 2.___ as she struggled to meet deadlines. The joy of creating was 3.___ by pressure and fatigue. Realizing this, Maya made a crucial 4.___ . She now limits the number of commissions she accepts each month. She also keeps one day a week for “free painting” — creating 5.___ she wants, with no goal of selling. This practice helps her 6.___ her original passion. “My side hustle supports my art, but my art must not become 7.___ my side hustle,” she reflects. Her experience highlights a key distinction: when a hobby becomes purely transactional, its 8.___ to refresh and inspire us can fade. The challenge is to protect the space where creativity can play 9.___ the shadow of commerce. For Maya, balance means ensuring that her art remains, first and foremost, a personal 10.___ . 1. ( )A. easy B. key C. strange D. public 2. ( )A. joy B. stress C. wealth D. data 3. ( )A. replaced B. followed C. increased D. discovered 4. ( )A. mistake B. decision C. painting D. promise 5. ( )A. what B. when C. why D. who 6. ( )A. remember B. sell C. forget D. teach 7. ( )A. according to B. proud of C. because of D. only about 8. ( )A. ability B. plan C. cost D. time 9. ( )A. under B. without C. behind D. after 10. ( )A. business B. lesson C. failure D. joy 八、阅读短文，并按要求完成下面小题。 The Power of “Micro-hobbies” Not everyone has large blocks of free time. This is where “micro-hobbies” come in — small, satisfying activities that fit into 10-15 minute breaks throughout the day. Examples include sketching a quick drawing, solving a puzzle, listening to a short podcast in a foreign language, or tending to a small desk plant. Psychologist Dr. Lee explains, “The value of micro-hobbies lies not in their scale, but in their ability to create a ‘mental switch’. They force your brain to shift focus from work or study, providing a mini-reset. This can boost creativity and reduce stress more effectively than a longer but unfocused break.” Unlike scrolling through social media, which often leaves people feeling more scattered, a micro-hobby provides a sense of completion and control. It’s a way to claim personal moments in a busy world, proving that leisure is about quality, not quantity. 1. What are “micro-hobbies”? (No more than 15 words) ______________________________________________ 2. According to Dr. Lee, what is the main benefit of a micro-hobby? (No more than 10 words) ______________________________________________ 3. How are micro-hobbies different from scrolling through social media in terms of result? (No more than 12 words) ______________________________________________ 4. What does the last sentence “leisure is about quality, not quantity” mean in this context? (No more than 15 words) ______________________________________________ 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 1 Time to Relax! 课时5 Section B (2a-2c) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 短语 reduce stress 减压 over time 随着时间的推移 express oneself 表达自我 give up 放弃 take up a hobby 开始一项爱好 have a great time 玩得开心 a great way to do sth. 做某事的好方法 get over sth. 克服（困难、恐惧等） one‘s creative side 某人的创造力/创意一面 find it fun to (do sth.) 觉得做某事很有趣 句型 1. I heard you’re thinking about taking up a hobby? 我听说你在考虑开始一项爱好？ 2. It’s a great way to reduce stress and (to) express myself. 这是一个减压和表达自我的好方法。 3. As long as you don’t give up, you’ll get better at it over time. 只要你不放弃，随着时间的推移你会做得更好。 4. I should get over my fear of failure and just try to have fun. 我应该克服对失败的恐惧，只管去享受乐趣。 5. I was really scared to perform in front of others.  我非常害怕在别人面前表演。 一、单词默写。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. _______ /sə'dʒestʃn/ n. 建议；提议 2. ________ /'feɪljə/ n. 失败 3. __________ /ɪn'spaɪə/ v. 鼓励；鼓舞 4. ________ /strɪkt/ adj. 严厉的；严格的 5. ________ /sə'praɪzɪŋlɪ/ adv. 出人意料地；惊人地 6. ________ /steɪdʒ/ n. 舞台；阶段 【答案】 1. suggestion 2. failure 3. inspire 4. strict 5. surprisingly 6. stage 二、词组默写。 1. 开始一项爱好 _______________ 2. 觉得做某事很有趣 _______________ 3.  减压 _______________ 4.  表达自我 _______________ 5.  放弃 _______________ 6.  克服（困难、恐惧等）_______________ 7. 做某事的好方法 _______________ 8. 随着时间的推移 _______________ 9. 某人的创造力/创意一面 _______________ 10. 玩得开心 _______________ 11. 到目前为止 _______________ 【答案】 1. take up a hobby  2. find it fun to (do sth.)  3. reduce stress 4. express oneself 5. give up 6. get over sth. 7. a great way to do sth.  8. over time 9. one‘s creative side  10. have a great time  11. so far 三、根据要求完成句子。 1. To __________, many students choose to listen to music after class. 为了减轻压力，很多学生选择在课后听音乐。 2. Don‘t easily __________! Try again and you might succeed. 别轻易放弃！再试一次你可能会成功。 3. At first he found the piano difficult, but __________, he plays better and better. 起初他觉得钢琴很难，但随着时间的推移，他弹得越来越好了。 4. We __________ in the park yesterday. 昨天我们在公园里玩得很开心。 5. Drawing is a great way to __________. 画画是表达自我的一种绝佳方式。 6. __________ keep practicing, your English will surely improve. 只要你坚持练习，你的英语一定会进步。 7. My brother wants to ___________ , like programming or photography.  我哥哥想开始一项新的爱好，比如编程或摄影。 8. Finally, he successfully __________ public speaking. 最终，他成功地克服了对公开演讲的恐惧。 【答案】 1. reduce stress 2. give up 3. over time 4. had a great time 5. express herself/himself/myself/yourself 6. As long as you 7. take up a new hobby 8. got over his fear of 四 、用方框内所给词的适当形式填空（每次只使用一次）。 take up it reduce stress as long as get over suggest A: Hey, I heard you’re thinking about 1._________ a hobby? B: Yes, I am. Any 2._________? A: Well, I find 3. ________ fun to paint. It’s a great way 4.____________ and express myself. B: That sounds fun, but I’m worried about not being good at it. A: Don’t worry. Everyone starts somewhere. 5. ___________ you don’t give up, you’ll get better at it over time. B: Right! I should 6._________ my fear of failure and just try to have fun. A: Exactly! Painting is a great way to discover your creative side too. 【答案】1. taking up 2. it 3. suggestions 4. to reduce stress 5. As long as 6. get over 五、在空格中填上适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式，使文章内容完整正确。 Not everyone enjoys noisy activities. For me, painting is the best hobby. I can spend hours 1 __________ (draw) in my room. I started 2 __________ (paint) when I was very young. I remember my first painting was a red flower—it looked 3 __________ (rather) funny! Now, painting helps me 4 __________ (express) my feelings. It is not always easy. Sometimes I feel 5 __________ (stress) when I can’t paint well. But I never 6 __________ (give) up. My art teacher often says, “7 __________ (keep) trying is important.” I put 8 __________ all my finished paintings on my wall. Looking at them gives me a strong sense of 9 __________ (achieve). I hope 10 __________ (show) them in a real art show someday. 【答案及解析】 1. 2. drawing (spend time doing sth.) 2. painting (start doing sth.) 3. rather (副词修饰形容词funny) 4. (to) express (help sb. (to) do sth.) 5. stressed (形容词，感到有压力的) 6. give (never后接动词原形) 7. Keeping (动名词作主语) 8. up (put up 固定短语“张贴”) 9. achievement (a sense of achievement) 10. to show (hope to do sth.) 五、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hobbies are not just for fun. They can also help us learn new things. For example, some people like to cook. 1.____ They follow recipes online and try to make delicious food. 2.____ They feel proud when the food tastes good. Some teenagers enjoy creative hobbies like painting or writing stories. They share their work on social media. 3.____ They can get comments and make new friends who like the same things. 4.____ They think it’s a waste of time. But most people agree that a good hobby should make you feel happy. 5.____ It could be a sport, an art, or even collecting something. The key is to find what you really enjoy. A. This helps them get better. B. Parents always support these hobbies. C. In this way, they learn a useful life skill. D. It doesn’t matter what the hobby is. E. For them, it’s a way to express themselves. F. However, some people don’t understand this. G. They think cooking is too difficult to learn. 【答案】：1. C 2. A 3. E 4. F 5. D 【解析】： 1. C：前句举例“有些人喜欢烹饪”，后句提到“他们按照网上的食谱尝试做美味的食物”，选项C“通过这种方式，他们学到一项有用的生活技能”能自然连接，说明烹饪的益处。 2. A：前句提到“当食物味道好时，他们感到自豪”，选项A“这帮助他们变得更好”承接了这种成就感，表示烹饪过程带来的进步。 3. E：前句提到青少年喜欢创造性爱好并在社交媒体分享，后句说“他们可以获得评论并结交新朋友”，选项E“对他们来说，这是一种表达自己的方式”解释了这些爱好的本质，与后文社交收获衔接。 4. F：前文讲述创造性爱好的好处，但该句后提到“他们认为这是浪费时间”，选项F“然而，有些人不理解这一点”形成转折，引出不同观点。 5. D：前句说“好的爱好应该让你感到快乐”，后句举例爱好的多样性，选项D“爱好是什么并不重要”承上启下，强调关键在享受过程。 六、阅读理解。 In our fast-paced world, a new trend called the “slow hobby” movement is gaining popularity. These are activities that require patience, focus, and cannot be rushed. Examples include knitting, woodworking, birdwatching, or practicing calligraphy. Followers of this movement argue that such hobbies act as a form of “mental training.” They force you to be present in the moment, reducing anxiety about the future or regrets about the past. Unlike finishing a video game level, there is no instant reward. The reward, they say, is the peaceful state of mind during the process and the deep satisfaction upon completing a long-term project. It’s a conscious choice to slow down. 1. What is a “slow hobby” according to the passage? A. A hobby that takes very little time. B. A hobby that is popular on social media. C. A hobby that needs patience, focus, and cannot be done quickly. D. A hobby that is only for old people. 2. What is the main benefit of “slow hobbies” suggested by followers? A. They help people make money quickly. B. They allow people to win competitions. C. They train the mind to focus on the present and reduce anxiety. D. They are the easiest hobbies to learn. 3. The word “conscious” in the last sentence is closest in meaning to ______. A. sleepy B. intentional C. lucky D. public 4. How is the “reward” of a slow hobby different from that of a video game? A. It is more expensive. B. It is more digital. C. It is instant and exciting. D. It is the peaceful process and long-term satisfaction. 【答案】：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.D 【解析】： 1. 细节理解题。根据第二句“These are activities that require patience, focus, and cannot be rushed.”可知，“慢爱好”需要耐心、专注且不能仓促完成。C选项是原文同义转述。 2. 细节理解题。文中提到“They force you to be present… reducing anxiety…”，即它们迫使你专注当下，减少焦虑。C选项是此意的概括。A、B、D选项的益处文中未提及。 3. 词义猜测题。结合语境“…a conscious choice to slow down”，选择放慢脚步应是一个“有意识的、刻意的”决定。B选项“intentional（故意的，有意的）”意思最接近。 4. 细节理解题。文中明确对比：“Unlike finishing a video game level… The reward… is the peaceful state of mind… and the deep satisfaction…” 电子游戏的奖励是即时的，而慢爱好的奖励是平静的过程和长期的满足感。D选项正确。 七、完形填空。 For many, a hobby has evolved into a “side hustle” — a way to earn extra money. While this can be financially rewarding, finding balance is 1.___. Maya loved painting and started selling her artwork online. Success came quickly, and orders poured in. Soon, her relaxing hobby became a source of 2.___ as she struggled to meet deadlines. The joy of creating was 3.___ by pressure and fatigue. Realizing this, Maya made a crucial 4.___ . She now limits the number of commissions she accepts each month. She also keeps one day a week for “free painting” — creating 5.___ she wants, with no goal of selling. This practice helps her 6.___ her original passion. “My side hustle supports my art, but my art must not become 7.___ my side hustle,” she reflects. Her experience highlights a key distinction: when a hobby becomes purely transactional, its 8.___ to refresh and inspire us can fade. The challenge is to protect the space where creativity can play 9.___ the shadow of commerce. For Maya, balance means ensuring that her art remains, first and foremost, a personal 10.___ . 1. ( )A. easy B. key C. strange D. public 2. ( )A. joy B. stress C. wealth D. data 3. ( )A. replaced B. followed C. increased D. discovered 4. ( )A. mistake B. decision C. painting D. promise 5. ( )A. what B. when C. why D. who 6. ( )A. remember B. sell C. forget D. teach 7. ( )A. according to B. proud of C. because of D. only about 8. ( )A. ability B. plan C. cost D. time 9. ( )A. under B. without C. behind D. after 10. ( )A. business B. lesson C. failure D. joy 【答案】：1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. D 【解析】： 1. B. key。逻辑推理。主句说“找到平衡是____”，结合全文主题，平衡是“关键的”。 2. B. stress。上下文逻辑。后文“努力赶工期”导致爱好成为“压力”来源。 3. A. replaced。逻辑关系。创作的快乐被压力和疲惫“取代”了。 4. B. decision。逻辑与词义。她做出了一个关键的“决定”来改变现状。 5. A. what。语法知识。create what she wants，“what”引导宾语从句，作“create”的宾语。 6. A. remember。逻辑推理。“自由创作”是为了帮她“记住/重拾”最初的热情。 7. D. only about。逻辑关系。她的艺术不能“仅仅是关于”她的副业（即不能只为赚钱）。 8. A. ability。主谓搭配。爱好“刷新和激励我们的能力”可能会消失。 9. B. without。逻辑与介词。保护创造力能够“没有”商业阴影而自由玩耍的空间。 10. D. joy。总结概括。对她而言，艺术首先应是一种个人的“快乐”。 八、阅读短文，并按要求完成下面小题。 The Power of “Micro-hobbies” Not everyone has large blocks of free time. This is where “micro-hobbies” come in — small, satisfying activities that fit into 10-15 minute breaks throughout the day. Examples include sketching a quick drawing, solving a puzzle, listening to a short podcast in a foreign language, or tending to a small desk plant. Psychologist Dr. Lee explains, “The value of micro-hobbies lies not in their scale, but in their ability to create a ‘mental switch’. They force your brain to shift focus from work or study, providing a mini-reset. This can boost creativity and reduce stress more effectively than a longer but unfocused break.” Unlike scrolling through social media, which often leaves people feeling more scattered, a micro-hobby provides a sense of completion and control. It’s a way to claim personal moments in a busy world, proving that leisure is about quality, not quantity. 1. What are “micro-hobbies”? (No more than 15 words) ______________________________________________ 2. According to Dr. Lee, what is the main benefit of a micro-hobby? (No more than 10 words) ______________________________________________ 3. How are micro-hobbies different from scrolling through social media in terms of result? (No more than 12 words) ______________________________________________ 4. What does the last sentence “leisure is about quality, not quantity” mean in this context? (No more than 15 words) ______________________________________________ 【答案与解析】： 1. They are small, satisfying activities that fit into short breaks (of 10-15 minutes). 解析：考查定义。需根据第一段内容概括，注意字数限制。核心要素：small/satisfying/fit into short breaks。 2. To create a mental switch / boost creativity and reduce stress. 解析：考查具体信息。根据Dr. Lee的话“The value... lies in their ability to create a ‘mental switch’...”以及“This can boost creativity and reduce stress...”进行概括。回答主要益处即可。 3. They provide a sense of completion and control, not feeling scattered. 解析：考查对比信息。定位至倒数第二句“Unlike scrolling... which often leaves people feeling more scattered, a micro-hobby provides a sense of completion and control.”，需对比两者结果的不同。 4. It means meaningful short activities are better than long but aimless ones. 解析：考查句意理解。需结合全文语境解释。在文中，“quality”指“有意义的、能带来成就感和掌控感的微爱好”，“quantity”指“时间长但可能漫无目的的休息（如刷手机）”。解释需抓住“有意义”与“耗时但无益”的对比。 $