Unit7知识点讲解 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册
8BUnit7 Charities知识点讲解
Help and support can move mountains. 帮助与支持能够移山填海。
此句中的主语Help 和 support均为不可数名词。
Welcome to the unit---Charities around the world (P93)
Part B
1.It （指代Operation Smile） was founded in 1982. 它成立于 1982 年。// It was founded in 1938. (P103) 它成立于1938年。// It has done a lot of wonderful things since it was founded. (P103) 自成立以来，它做了许多了不起的事情。
-found vt.创建；建立；过去式和过去分词均为founded。was founded是一般过去时的被动语态，说明主语It （指代Operation Smile）是谓语动词found（建立）的承受者。
2.There are about 6,000 medical volunteers in this organization. 该组织约有 6000 名医疗志愿者。
There be句型没有被动语态。
medical adj. 医疗的；medicine n. 药物，药剂；take medicine 吃药。
It sounds as if the nature of medical research is changing.听起来医学研究的本质正在发生变化。
organization n.组织，机构（= organisation）；organize v. 组织；如：
Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary organizations. 给无家可归者的大部分食物是由志愿组织提供的。
He began to organize his materials. 他开始整理他的材料。
3.Millions of children were born with lip problems. 数百万儿童在出生时便患有唇部缺陷。
lip n.嘴唇；v. 用嘴唇碰，用嘴唇接触；adj.唇的；口头上的；如：
She bit her lip to keep from crying.她咬着嘴唇克制着自己不要哭。
After a moment's hesitation she lipped her request.她犹豫了一会儿,然後轻声提出请求。
born 是动词bear的过去分词，were born是一般过去时的被动语态。
4.It's difficult for them to breathe, eat and speak. 这使他们难以呼吸、进食和说话。
it is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.句型，对某人来说做某事是……的；如：
It is necessary for us to learn the spirit of Lei Feng. 对我们来说，学习雷锋精神是必要的。
5.Operation Smile provides them with free operations and medical care. 微笑行动为他们提供免费手术和医疗护理。// UNICEF provides poor families with clean water and enough food. (P102) 联合国儿童基金会为贫困家庭提供清洁的水和充足的食物。
provides sb. with sth.= provides sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物。
provides them with free operations and medical care.
=provides free operations and medical care for them.
provides poor families with clean water and enough food
= provides clean water and enough food for poor families
6.Thanks to Operation Smile, every year, lots of children are helped and given a new life. 多亏了微笑行动，每年都有很多孩子得到帮助，重获新生。
are helped and given是一般现在时的被动语态，help和give是并列的谓语动词。
Reading---An interview with an Orbis doctor (P94-97)
1. Over one billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 全球有超过10亿人正遭受各类眼部疾病的困扰，其中约90%的病例是可以预防或治愈的。// Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured. (page 
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95,lines 28-29)现代医学正在迅速发展，现在大多数眼部问题和疾病都可以得到治疗甚至治愈。
-上面两句使用了含有情态动词的被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态的构成为：情态动词(can/could/may/might/must/should/...)+be+过去分词。如：
To make our school more beautiful, more trees can be planted.为了让我们学校更漂亮，我们可以种上更多的树。
-billion n.十亿； billions of “数十亿的”；“大量的”；用于强调数量极其庞大但具体数字不确定的情况。如：
It took them more than two billion dollars to complete the project.完成这个工程花费了他们二十多亿美元。
The government spent billions of dollars on infrastructure.政府投入了数十亿美元用于基础设施建设。
Billions of stars twinkled in the sky.无数星星在天空闪烁。
-cure vt.治好（疾病）；治愈；n. 治疗；治愈；疗法；
A good sweat often cures a cold.好好发一次汗往往可以伤风。
The teacher cured him of bad habits.老师纠正了他的坏习惯。
There is no certain cure for this disease.这种没有特效药。
2. However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. 然而，很多人无力支付医疗费用。// Thanks to Orbis, I was able to receive the medical treatment. (P97) 多亏了奥比斯，我才能够接受治疗。
-treatment n.治疗； treat vt.医治；以…方式对待；如：
What is the best treatment? 最好的治疗方法是什么？
As you treat me, so will I treat you. 我将像你对待我那样对待你。
We had better treat it as a joke. 我们最好把它当作玩笑。
3. Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. 奥比斯“空中眼科医院”项目于1982年启动，旨在帮助贫困地区的患者。// My aim is to work with a charity like Orbis. (P97) 我的目标是与奥比斯这样的慈善机构一起工作。//
It was founded in 1919 and aims to help build a better future for all children. (page 100, Part B)
它(救助儿童会)成立于1919年，旨在帮助为所有孩子创建一个更美好的未来。// It was founded in 1942 with the aim of helping poor children and families around the world. (P100) 它于1942年成立，旨在帮助全球贫困儿童和家庭。// It now aims to provide healthcare and education to children and women in need.(P103)如今，它的目标是为有需要的儿童和妇女提供医疗和教育。
-was started和was founded都是一般过去时的被动语态；
aim n.目的，目标； aim vt. & vi.力争做到；瞄准；aim to do sth 意思是"力争做某事"。如：
The aim (n.) of poetry is to please.诗的目的在于使愉悦。
The boy aims(v.) at becoming an agriculturist.男孩一心想成为农学家。
He aims to win first prize in the coming writing competition.他力争在即将到来的写作比赛中赢得一等奖。
A patient will usually listen to the doctor's advice and act on it.患者通常都会遵照医嘱行事。
He's a very patient man.他是个很有耐心的人。
4. Ah, I see. But why did Orbis choose to use a plane as a hospital? 啊，我明白了。那奥比斯为
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什么选择用飞机作为医院呢？// Our plane is also used as a training centre. 我们的飞机同时也被用作培训中心。
use …as…把……当作……使用（主动短语）；// be used as…被用作……（被动短语）；如：
The baby is using the spoon as a toy.那婴孩正用勺子当成一个玩具了。
This pole can be used as a fishing pole. 这杆可被用做钓鱼杆。
5. Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们的很多患者没钱去医院，所以我们必须主动上门服务。// I couldn't afford to go to hospital, and I was losing hope. (P97) 我无力承担去医院的费用，一度失去了希望。
-afford vt.能做，买得起；与 can, be able to 等连用，表示“担负得起”某事或某物的费用、损失、后果，或表示“抽得出”时间等，后面通常可接名词、代词、不定式等（多用于否定句或疑问句）。如：
I can’t afford (to buy) a new coat. 我没钱买件新外衣。
He can’t afford the time for it. 他抽不出时间来做此事。
He says he really can’t afford to wait another day. 他说他确实一天也不能再等了。
That is why he refused to go to hospital.那就是我为什么拒绝去住院的原因。
6. Local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations. 当地医生和护士受邀登船学习相关眼部手术知识。
- are invited是一般现在时的被动语态。
- on board在飞机上（或船上、火车上）；
There are two restaurants on board ship. 船上有两个餐厅。
7. By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. 通过对他们进行培训，我们希望更多人能够从中受益。// For example, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) works hard to protect the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife. (P100)例如，世界自然基金会（WWF）正努力保护自然世界，造福人类和野生动物。
to train an unruly boy. 教育一个不守规矩的男孩儿。
Yes, I must travel by train. 是的，我一定要坐火车去旅行。
-benefit vi. & vt. 得益于，得利于；使受益；
That was a health programme to benefit everyone. 那是一项对人人都有好处的健康计划。
Who will benefit from the system?谁将会从该系统中受益？
Life is an opportunity, benefit from it. 生活是一次机会，我受益于它。
8. Last year more than 38,000 eye care training classes were held. 去年共举办了超过 38,000 节眼部护理培训课程。本句使用了一般过去时的被动语态。
National Eye-Care Day aims to promote awareness of the importance of preventive eye care. 爱眼日的目的在于宣传预防措施对于保护眼睛的重要性。
9. How many operations do you do during a visit? 一次就诊期间您会进行多少台手术？
operate vi.动手术；operate on（给…）做手术； operation n. 手术；
The doctors operated on the patient but failed to save his life.医生给这位病人做了手术，可仍没能挽留住他的生命。
10. During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on.(page 95,line 24)在我上一次出诊期间，有150名患者接受了手术。
本句使用了一般过去时的被动语态，其主动语态为"During my last visit, I operated on 150
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