内容正文:
沪教五四unit 6七下语法专练
数词(Numerals)
一、核心知识点
1. 基数词(Cardinal Numbers)
表示数量的多少。
基本基数词:
1 one, 2 two, 3 three, 4 four, 5 five, 6 six, 7 seven, 8 eight, 9 nine, 10 ten
11 eleven, 12 twelve, 13 thirteen, 14 fourteen, 15 fifteen, 16 sixteen, 17 seventeen, 18 eighteen, 19 nineteen
20 twenty, 30 thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty, 60 sixty, 70 seventy, 80 eighty, 90 ninety
21 twenty-one, 22 twenty-two …
100 a/one hundred
1,000 a/one thousand
1,000,000 a/one million
注意:
· 十位数与个位数之间加连字符:twenty-one, thirty-two。
· 百位数与十位数之间加 and(英式英语常用):one hundred and twenty-three。
· 千、百万、十亿等词前面有具体数字时,不加 s:two hundred(√),two hundreds(×);但表示“成百上千”时可以用 hundreds of。
2. 序数词(Ordinal Numbers)
表示顺序或排名。
构成规则:
· 1st first, 2nd second, 3rd third(特殊记忆)
· 4th fourth, 5th fifth, 6th sixth, 7th seventh, 8th eighth, 9th ninth, 10th tenth
· 11th eleventh, 12th twelfth, 13th thirteenth … 20th twentieth
· 21st twenty-first, 22nd twenty-second, 23rd twenty-third, 24th twenty-fourth …
· 整十的序数词:twenty → twentieth, thirty → thirtieth(y 变 i,加 eth)
· 100th hundredth, 1000th thousandth
注意:
· 序数词前通常加 the(the first day),但名词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时不用:my first job。
· 日期表达:May 5th 读作 May the fifth 或 the fifth of May。
3. 分数(Fractions)
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于1时,分母加 s。
· 1/2:one half(不读 one second)
· 1/3:one third
· 2/3:two thirds
· 1/4:one quarter 或 one fourth
· 3/4:three quarters
· 1/100:one hundredth
4. 小数(Decimals)
小数点读作 point,小数点后的数字逐个读出。
· 0.5:zero point five 或 point five
· 3.14:three point one four
· 12.789:twelve point seven eight nine
5. 百分数(Percentages)
percent 表示“百分之……”,单复数同形。
· 25%:twenty-five percent
· 100%:one hundred percent
6. 时间表达法
整点:seven o’clock 或 seven
半点:half past seven(7:30)或 seven thirty
刻钟:a quarter past seven(7:15),a quarter to eight(7:45)
分钟:分钟数 ≤ 30 用 past;分钟数 > 30 用 to
· 7:20:twenty past seven
· 7:50:ten to eight
24小时制(正式场合):14:30 读作 fourteen thirty
7. 年份与世纪
· 年份:1998 → nineteen ninety-eight;2005 → two thousand and five;2024 → twenty twenty-four
· 世纪:21世纪 → the twenty-first century;1900年代 → the nineteen hundreds
8. 编号表达
· 第1课:Lesson One(首字母大写,序数词用基数词后置)
· 第5页:Page Five
· 公共汽车7路:Bus No. 7 / Bus Number Seven
· 电话号码:逐个读出,0 读作 “oh” 或 “zero”
9. 数词的其他常见用法
· 大约年龄:in his twenties(他二十多岁时)
· 几十年代:in the 1990s 或 in the 1990‘s(二十世纪九十年代)
· 倍数表达:twice(两倍)、three times(三倍)等。
二、练习题(共 40 分)
题型一:写出下列数字对应的基数词或序数词(8分)
1. 18 → 基数词 ________
2. 92 → 基数词 ________
3. 第12 → 序数词 ________
4. 第53 → 序数词 ________
5. 第2 → 序数词 ________
6. 135 → 基数词 ________
7. 第80 → 序数词 ________
8. 第21 → 序数词 ________
题型二:用英语写出下列数字(8分)
1. 2/5 → ________________
2. 3.75 → ________________
3. 45% → ________________
4. 7:15(两种写法)→ ________________ 或 ________________
5. 2008年 → ________________
6. 第75页 → ________________
7. 他三十多岁 → ________________
8. 21世纪 → ________________
题型三:单项选择(10分)
1. ______ of the students in our class are girls.
A. Two three B. Second three C. Two thirds D. Two third
2. — What time is it? — It‘s ______.
A. half to eight B. half past eight C. eight half D. half eight
3. The new building is about ______ meters high.
A. one hundred and twenty B. one hundred twenty
C. one hundreds twenty D. one hundred twenty of
4. He began to learn English in ______.
A. his forty B. his forties C. the forty D. the forties
5. Lesson ______ is very interesting.
A. Five B. fifth C. the fifth D. the five
6. There are ______ people in the park on weekends.
A. hundred of B. hundreds of C. five hundreds D. five hundred of
7. — What’s the date today? — It‘s ______.
A. May two B. May second C. the second May D. May the second
8. The price of the house is ______ than before.
A. two times bigger B. two times as big
C. twice bigger D. twice as big
9. 0.8 is read as ______.
A. zero point eight B. zero point eightieth
C. zero and eight D. zero eighth
10. He wrote a ______ composition yesterday.
A. two-hundred-words B. two-hundreds-word
C. two-hundred-word D. two-hundreds-words
题型四:用英语写出下列句子中的数字(8分)
1. 我们班有52名学生。
→ ________________________________________
2. 他花了三分之一的钱买书。
→ ________________________________________
3. 这座桥长1.2公里。
→ ________________________________________
4. 她出生于1995年5月3日。
→ ________________________________________
题型五:改错题(6分)
指出并改正下列句子中的错误。
1. The Great Wall is about six thousands seven hundred kilometers long.
错误:________ → 改正:________________________
2. He is the first one to come and the nine to leave.
错误:________ → 改正:________________________
3. My brother is in his thirty.
错误:________ → 改正:________________________
三、答案与详细讲解
题型一答案
1. eighteen
2. ninety-two(加连字符)
3. twelfth(注意 twelfth 不是 twelveth)
4. fifty-third
5. second
6. one hundred and thirty-five(英式加 and)
7. eightieth(y→i 加 eth)
8. twenty-first
题型二答案
1. two fifths(分子基数词2,分母序数词 fifth,分子>1 加 s)
2. three point seven five
3. forty-five percent
4. a quarter past seven 或 seven fifteen
5. two thousand and eight(2008)或 twenty o eight(口语较常见)
6. Page Seventy-five(或 Seventy-fifth page,但常用 Page + 基数词)
7. in his thirties
8. the twenty-first century
题型三选择题答案
1. C(三分之二:two thirds;two third 错误)
2. B(8:30 读作 half past eight)
3. A(120: one hundred and twenty;hundred 不加 s)
4. B(in his forties:四十多岁时)
5. A(Lesson Five:编号用基数词且首字母大写)
6. B(hundreds of 数百个;five hundred 不加 s)
7. D(日期 May the second 或 the second of May)
8. C(两倍大:twice bigger than 或 twice as big as,此处 twice bigger than 更常用)
9. A(0.8 = zero point eight)
10. C(复合形容词 a two-hundred-word composition:词之间加连字符,名词用单数)
题型四翻译答案
1. There are fifty-two students in our class.
2. He spent one third of the money on books.
3. The bridge is 1.2 kilometers long. / The bridge is one point two kilometers long.
4. She was born on May 3rd, 1995. / on the third of May, nineteen ninety-five.
题型五改错答案
1. 错误:thousands → 改正:thousand(具体数字后 hundred/thousand 不加 s)
2. 错误:the nine → 改正:the ninth(顺序要用序数词)
3. 错误:thirty → 改正:thirties(表示“几十多岁”用复数:in his thirties)
四、易错点再提醒
· 基数词和序数词的拼写要准确,尤其 eighth, ninth, twelfth, twentieth, fortieth。
· 分数表达时,分子基数词,分母序数词,分子>1 分母加 s。
· 几百几十几:hundred 后加 and(英式)。
· 年代表达:1990s 或 1990‘s 表示年代,in the 1990s。
· 年龄表达:in one’s + 整十复数(in his twenties)。
· 编号:名词在前用基数词(Lesson One),名词在后用序数词(the first lesson)。
· 复合形容词中名词用单数(a two-year-old boy,不用 years)。
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