专题24 大题闯关之阅读人物性格题和事件评价题（考前押题） 2026年高考英语考前十天冲刺宝典

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语阅读理解人物性格与事件评价题，通过真题考点分析、微技能方法提炼及专项训练，构建“真题导向-方法总结-实践应用”的系统性突破体系，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |人物性格题|含2024新课标I卷等真题跟踪训练+10篇模拟题|“整体把握-区间锁定-褒贬比对”三步骤+排除法|从真题考点分布到解题方法归纳，再到模拟题应用，形成完整能力培养链条| |事件评价题|含2023新课标I卷等真题跟踪训练+10篇模拟题|“主旨理解-因果分析-选项匹配”三步骤+排除法|从真题考点分布到解题方法归纳，再到模拟题应用，形成完整能力培养链条|

2026高考英语考前十天冲刺宝典 专题24 阅读理解人物性格题和事件评价题 原卷版 高考真题记叙文考点解读 卷别 主题 话题 词数 细节 理解题 猜测 词义题 推理 判断题 主旨 大意题 2025全国一卷 人与自然 减少自来水微塑料污染新研究 331+135 2 2 2025全国二卷 人与自然 居家趋势推动了室内绿植产业 266+126 2 1 1 2025全国二卷 人与社会 餐厅创意改造丢弃食材引关注 340+135 1 2 1 2024新课标I卷 人与自然 引导公民科学记录生物多样性 364+122 3 1 2024新课标II卷 人与自然 介绍巴比伦微农场(BMF)优势 272+125 2 1 1 2024新课标II卷 人与社会 书评-阐述AI发展现状与前景 323+160 1 1 2 2024全国甲卷 人与自然 猫通过叫声嗅觉等来表达需求 311+124 2 1 1 2024全国甲卷 人与社会 医疗列车巡回服务于俄中东部 283+111 2 2 2023新课标I卷 人与社会 倡导过上简单的数字生活方式 322+107 1 2 1 2023新课标II卷 人与社会 印刷书籍和阅读对人类的意义 328+126 1 1 2 2023新课标II卷 人与自然 呼吁保护城市中的野生自然性 320+156 1 3 2023全国甲卷 人与社会 书评-倡导读者花时间去多读书 332+124 2 2 2023全国甲卷 人与自然 灰熊从濒危物种恢复遇新问题 295+103 2 2 2023全国乙卷 人与社会 烹饪节目鼓励尝试烹饪新习惯 319+149 2 2 2022新课标I卷 人与自然 科廷为解决食物浪费而的努力 344+130 3 1 2022新课标I卷 人与社会 减少孤独改善老人健康的项目 299+131 1 3 2022新课标I卷 人与社会 饮食的改变导致产生新的语言 339+153 2 1 1 2021新课标I卷 人与自然 发行鸭票促进水禽栖息地保护 300+127 1 1 1 1 2021新课标II卷 人与自然 开发一种机器监测放牧牛健康 307+133 4 2021全国甲卷 人与自然 保护区出生的部分黑犀牛现状 263+142 2 2 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 介绍澳大利亚用固定电话情况 315+120 1 2 1 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 塑料垃圾制作雕塑作品引关注 274+128 3 1 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 噪音与创造性思维关系的研究 338+112 3 1 阅读微技能：人物性格题 1.题型解读 无论是叙事型或者记人型阅读理解记叙文，往往都涉及到人们或者公众对其人生事迹或贡献评价，选项多用一个形容词或者两个并列的形容词。注意人物性格形容词往往与具体行为、态度直接关联。 分类 例词 正面评价 brave勇敢的kind善良的optimistic乐观的reliable可靠的determined坚定的humorous幽默的generous慷慨的reserved内敛的ambitious有野心的sensitive敏感的creative有创造性的 负面评价 odd古怪的rude粗鲁的stubborn固执的selfish自私的impatient不耐烦的cowardly懦弱的 2.命题方式 设问方式以“Which of the following best describes...?”等引出问题。 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? (2024新课标I卷) 22. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? (2019全国I卷) 3.解题步骤 阅读理解记叙文“人物性格描述题”的最优处理方法： 第一、先整体把握文章大意、人物经历、事迹贡献、人物反馈，多为弘扬“真善美”主旋律主题。 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，多为并列型，一对一错，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。 4.跟踪训练 (2024新课标I卷阅读B片段)“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine – combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. … 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 阅读微技能：事件评价题 1.题型解读 ①“活动评价题”试题大多出现在记叙文最后一题； ②属于复杂细节理解题，可能会涉及阅读材料多处； ③常见命题形式：Which of the following best describes…? 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? (2023新课标I卷) 26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home? (2021新课标II卷) 2.解题策略 阅读理解记叙文“活动评价题”的最优处理方法： 第一、先通读全文把握主旨，重点了解相关事件的前因后果和来龙去脉，为后续处理做铺垫。 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。 3.跟踪训练 (2023新课标I卷B篇片段)… Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 清北生实战经验反馈区 1.阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”。 2.阅读理解记叙文重视首尾段作用，尤其是标题概括题和写作意图题。 3.猜词词义题注意运用“代入法”“排除法”从逻辑性和褒贬性出发。 4.文章寓意题选项字面意思和言外之意与文章主旨结合，去伪存真。 5.性格描述题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词描述，确定最佳答案。 6.标题概括题注意文章线索点睛作用，兼有概括性、新颖性和针对性。 模拟专区：练技能，补漏洞；练速度，提效能；提分数，强信心！ 第一部分：人物性格题专练10篇 01（2026·浙江·二模）It begins with a steady buzz, echoing through the towering forests of Alaska. It’s a signal, but not one to be alarmed by. It’s less “Duck and cover,” more “Come and get it!” So you step outside your house, where there are few roads and fewer neighbors, and see it. A single-engine plane flies low, just a few dozen feet above the ground. The plane’s door whips open, and a black package is thrown out, plummeting (速降) to earth with a yellow tail hanging behind. Congratulations, you’ve just been turkey bombed! The “bomb” is a 15-pound frozen turkey stuffed into a trash bag, tied with yellow caution tape for easy visibility. Since 2021, Alaska native Esther Keim has been dropping them from the air to remote Alaskans who might otherwise be eating squirrel, moose or Spam for Thanksgiving dinner. Thanksgiving falls at a tricky time of the year in this part of the country. It’s a time when rivers, which often serve as highways in Alaska’s remote areas, are too frozen for boats to travel but not frozen enough for cars. Their only option for reaching “civilization” is seven hours on a snowmobile. Or, if you’re a pilot like Keim, you can take to the air. Keim began her turkey-bombing flights after visiting her family in Skwentna, an isolated village. A neighbor mentioned how a squirrel he hunted barely fed his family of four. This reminded Keim of her childhood, when a family friend would drop a turkey — and sometimes a box of candy inside the package just for her — from his plane to her family every year. “I am gonna drop turkeys to remote Alaskans without road access,” says Keim. “It wouldn’t be a big deal, but it’d bring me a lot of joy to bless other people like we were blessed.” Now Keim is working to turn this personal effort into a non- profit called the Alaska Turkey Drop Project. The project has received enough donations from some individuals and local businesses, with others donating their time and goods. Every year, that noisy plane soaring through Alaska’s sky brings not just turkeys, but a heartwarming reminder of connection in the wilderness. 1．What can be learned about the “bomb”? A．It’s a dangerous explosive. B．It’s sent to Alaskans for Christmas. C．It’s a frozen turkey with yellow tape. D．It’s dropped from a high- flying plane. 2．Why is Thanksgiving a challenging time in remote Alaska? A．Pilots avoid snowy flights. B．Snowmobiles are only for short trips. C．All roads are blocked by snow. D．Half- frozen rivers are unfit for boats or cars. 3．What inspired Keim to start the “bombing” flights? A．A demand for her nonprofit project. B．A suggestion from her family. C．Neighbor’s hardship and childhood favor. D．Hunting squirrels with neighbors. 4．Which of the following best describes Keim? A．Caring and inquiring. B．Sympathetic and innovative. C．Decisive and tolerant. D．Adventurous and ambitious. 02（2026·浙江·二模）Two months into my Ph.D．, I was on the verge of quitting. My broken English made it hard to keep up with colleagues. At lab meetings, the conversation progressed so quickly that by the time I understood a question, the discussion had already moved on. I once ruined an experiment due to misunderstanding instructions. In a presentation, I embarrassed myself by confusing “gene dilution” with “gene deletion”. I felt out of place, uncertain about my future in science. I had moved to Hong Kong from the Chinese mainland, excited to become a scientist, but quickly felt overwhelmed. The lab was full of complex instruments I had only ever seen in textbooks, and I had no idea how to use them. Most of all, the language barrier made everything harder. Classes were taught in English, and I struggled to follow the discussions. After a particularly embarrassing presentation, a senior lab member pulled me aside and said, “You are not here because of your English. You are here because you can think.” His words gave me the strength to continue. I began recording every class and replaying the discussions at night. Slowly, my English improved, and I grew more confident in expressing my ideas. Years later, after training in Hong Kong, Canada, and the United States, I returned to my hometown to run my own lab. My students all spoke Mandarin, and I assumed they wouldn’t struggle as much as I had because they didn’t face the same language barrier. But I soon realized they too battled doubts about their careers and abilities. I realized my job was to teach them to think critically and solve problems creatively, just as I had been taught. When I saw a student struggling with an experiment, I told her, “You are not here because your experiments always work. You are here because you can think.” Her smile told me she was encouraged by these words. Today, what I value most in my job is the transformation I see in the students who arrive uncertain, but who leave with enough confidence to challenge me, their professor. For me, helping others cross the bridge is the true reward of scientific life. 5．Why did the author almost quit her Ph.D．according to paragraph 1? A．She disliked lab discussions. B．She lacked future plans in science. C．She messed up her presentation. D．She struggled with language barriers. 6．What was the turning point for the author during her Ph.D．studies? A．Her embarrassing presentation. B．Returning to her hometown to run a lab. C．The senior lab member’s supportive remark. D．Moving to Hong Kong from the Chinese mainland. 7．Which word would best describe the author as a teacher? A．Inspirational. B．Strict. C．Humorous. D．Authoritative. 8．What does the underlined phrase “cross the bridge” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Travel between countries for education. B．Change from a student to a professor. C．Grow from uncertainty to confidence. D．Build bonds between professors and students. 03（2026·广东广州·一模）They now call it “Batesian mimicry” — the amazing skill for survival I first saw in the whispering green of the Amazon. I am Henry Walter Bates. My story began not with butterflies, but as the eldest son of a stocking (长袜) maker in Leicester. Yet, a boy’s passion for collecting insects and an important meeting with Alfred Russel Wallace, Darwin’s future co-theorist, sent me toward what he called “the great engine of change” in the tropics. For eleven years, the Amazon was my home, my school, and my proving ground. I faced constant dangers, from disease-carrying mosquitoes and snakes to flooding rains. I was struck down by both yellow fever and malaria. My routine was strict: mornings collecting, afternoons reading and preparing my finds. I was usually in bed by nine. My field journals, filled with detailed drawings and notes in dark ink, were my defense against the dampness and insects. I learned the local languages and customs, for without the crucial guidance of its people, I would have been completely lost in that vast wilderness. It was a time of extraordinary variety. I brought back over 14,000 kinds of insects — 8,000 new to science. But the real wonder was not the count, but a pattern I noticed. It started with a puzzle: why could slow-flying butterflies like the Heliconius escape birds? Later I discovered they were poisonous and bitter-tasting. Then the deeper truth emerged: harmless Dismorphia had evolved to copy the bright warning colours of the Heliconius. These mimics, avoided by their natural enemies, survived to pass on their colours. Here was evolution by natural selection, written plainly on butterfly wings. I published my paper in 1862, three years after Darwin’s On the Origin of Species. That this “mimicry”, discovered in remote jungles, could offer timely field support for his great theory remains my proudest achievement. They say I “wrote the book” on field study. I simply followed my fascination, one find at a time, from my father’s Leicester workshop into the heart of nature’s grandest design. 9．Who was Henry Walter Bates? A．A stocking maker from Leicester. B．Darwin’s co-theorist on evolution. C．A scientist who studied insects. D．A writer documenting tropical life. 10．What did Bates consider was essential to his life and work in the Amazon? A．Keeping a strict daily schedule. B．Getting assistance from the locals. C．Collecting and studying samples. D．Staying healthy in the rainforest. 11．What was the pattern Bates discovered? A．Birds avoided eating bitter-tasting insects. B．Slow-flying butterflies escaped birds’ attack. C．The bright colours of butterflies signalled danger. D．Harmless species copied the look of poisonous ones. 12．Which of the following best describes Bates? A．Brave and passionate. B．Strict and humble. C．Ambitious and sociable. D．Independent and proud. 04（25-26高三上·广东·月考）If there’s one sound which represents everything there is to fall in love with on safari (观兽旅行), it’s the roar of a lion at nightfall. I heard it one evening in the Qwabi Private Game Reserve, where the Waterberg mountains spread outward like an unfolding story. We’d just watched a remarkable standoff: lionesses baring teeth and muscle to a dominant male who’d wandered too close. The roars came first, then a sudden, striking charge. Paws (爪子) flew and their breath hung in the air over the grasslands, before the male eventually turned and dropped to the ground in defeat. It was pure theatre, to which we had front-row seats. The Waterberg is a place of quiet success. A UNESCO Biosphere Reserve since 2001, this 654,000-hectare region in Limpopo Province is one of South Africa’s best-kept safari secrets. It’s a region where conservation feels like a lived value. Thanks to collaboration between private reserves, landowners and anti-illegal hunting units, the region has recorded some of the lowest rhino (犀牛) illegal hunting statistics in the country. Head guide Damien Fourie was extensive in his knowledge and boyishly excited about every sight and sound. After careful tracking, we came across a group of lions resting beneath a thorn tree, their bodies exposed only by the swinging of a tail. And when we spotted a two-week-old white rhino walking unsteadily beside its mother later on the drive, he was as thrilled as we were. Still, even if you see nothing but sky and silence, the Waterberg delivers. On our final morning, after a night of rain, I skipped the game drive in favor of a coffee on the deck. I watched the steam rise as the morning sun warmed the valley. The end of my time in the bush came with no distant lion roars, no whispering packs, no newborn rhino. Not every safari needs a drumroll ending. Sometimes, a slow, misty morning and a quiet deck tick all the boxes. 13．What did the author witness about the lions? A．Their playful race. B．Their staged show. C．Their fierce conflict. D．Their hunting attempt. 14．What do the underlined words “a lived value” in paragraph 3 mean? A．A theoretical principle. B．A widely spread belief. C．A practically applied norm. D．A traditionally held concept. 15．Which of the following best describes Damien? A．Calm and distant. B．Informed and passionate. C．Energetic and creative. D．Disciplined and ambitious. 16．What does the author think of the safari? A．It displayed racial harmony. B．It had an exciting ending. C．It revealed why she loved nature. D．It satisfied what she could hope for. 05（25-26高三下·湖北武汉·月考）Lin Mo is an obscure film darkroom printer who runs a cramped, sunless studio tucked away from the bustling urban commercial district, a solitary figure clinging to a fading niche craft in the digital age. As digital imaging technology and AI-powered retouching tools have monopolized the global photographic industry, manual analog film developing has become a nearly obsolete skill, abandoned by most young practitioners in pursuit of fast efficiency. In his sparse spare time, he never browses trendy photography blogs or viral short videos, but immerses himself in professional periodicals like Traditional Photographic Conservation Quarterly and authoritative academic reports issued by the International Archive Imaging Research Institute. These rigorous research documents conclude that chemically processed film prints possess unparalleled tonal layers and physical preservation stability, with a service life 30 times longer than ordinary digital printed works, a conclusion that has long solidified his stubborn adherence to pure traditional techniques. One drizzly afternoon, a young documentary photographer brought several rolls of field-shot rural film to him. After carefully appreciating the finished prints, the young man spoke earnestly: “Your meticulous manual craftsmanship endows photos with irreplaceable human warmth, yet proper digital tone calibration can retain that warmth while restoring subtle, obscured details in the shadow areas.” At first, Lin Mo rejected the proposal disdainfully, deeming any digital integration a betrayal of traditional craftsmanship integrity. But after repeated cautious trials, he was stunned by the perfect blend of soft film grain and vivid, complete details. This sudden epiphany made him completely abandon his long-held rigid mindset. He finally comprehended that genuine craft inheritance is never blind conservatism or total rejection of novelty. Instead, it means holding fast to the core sincerity of manual creation while embracing moderate, rational innovation. It is this delicate balance that endows ancient traditional crafts with lasting vitality amid the rapid progress of the times. 17．Why does Lin Mo stick to manual film developing at first? A．To cater to young practitioners’ needs. B．To preserve traditional craft’s authenticity. C．To pursue fast work efficiency. D．To gain popularity in the industry. 18．What does the young photographer mean by his words? A．Digital tools will replace film craft entirely. B．Manual work fails to restore photo details. C．Film prints lack warmth compared with digital ones. D．Moderate digital adjustment can complement traditional film work. 19．In paragraph 5, the word “epiphany” is closest in meaning to _________. A．a sudden and powerful realization B．a gradual and careful plan C．a deep sense of regret D．a brief moment of doubt 20．How can Lin Mo be best described? A．Persistent and open-minded. B．Stubborn and reckless. C．Rigid and indifferent. D．Ambitious and humorous. 06（2026·湖北荆州·二模）It was December 22, 1987, when the doctor explained he was going to have to amputate (截肢) my right leg before the aggressive cancer moved to my lungs. The doctor wanted me to do the surgery before Christmas. I calmly asked him if he could guarantee me another Christmas. He shook his head sadly. I smiled, “Well, my three-year-old is expecting Mommy to be there on Christmas morning to open presents with him. And I want one more night of dancing on two legs with my husband. I’ve checked my calendar, and I’m free on January 6th. Will that work for you?” His mouth opened, but no words came out. Finally, he nodded, “I’ll make that work.” One day, after the surgery, I made my way to a store on my crutches (拐杖). I wandered around for a while before deciding to leave. When I tried to push open the door to head back, nothing happened. The door was too heavy. Seriously? This is what my life on one leg is going to be like? Now, I can’t even open a door for myself? Then, a man appeared behind me. In a voice that was both soft and strong, he asked if he could help me with the door. In that moment, I had a choice. I could have refused his help and insisted I could do it myself, which was a lie. Or I could do what I did, which was to look up at him with gratitude and say, “Yes, please.” He smiled down at me, and with one hand, he pushed it open for me. With relief beyond words, I said a simple “Thank you,” and his reply helped shape my life as an amputee. He said, “You are so very welcome. It is entirely my pleasure.” Up until losing my leg, I had always been the giver. Now, it was my turn to learn to accept help with grace. Anyway, it is impossible to be a gracious giver if someone is not an equally gracious receiver. 21．Why did the author want to put off her surgery? A．To select a special date. B．To finish her previous job. C．To spend a memorable holiday. D．To challenge the doctor’s work. 22．How did the author feel when she couldn’t open the door? A．Upset. B．Frightened. C．Embarrassed. D．Confused. 23．Which of the following words can be used to describe the author? A．Resigned and polite. B．Optimistic and adaptable. C．Brave and independent. D．Determined and emotional. 24．What is the main lesson the author learned from her experience? A．It’s better to give than to receive. B．When one door closes, another opens. C．God helps those who help themselves. D．The hand that receives honors the hand that gives. 07（2026·湖南岳阳·一模）Just before the Spring Festival of 2025, residents of Zhaoquan Village in Tianjin received rice, flour and other daily necessities as gifts. These gifts came from the village’s striving collective economy under the leadership of the young village Party branch headed by 30-year-old Secretary Zhao Rui. After graduating from Tianjin Medical University in 2017, Zhao returned to her hometown to join the rural revitalization drive. “This land is my roots. I want to help it have a brighter future,” she stated. In May 2024, with local government support, Zhao and her team launched Douyin and Kuaishou accounts, aiming to explore new paths for village development through these platforms. They created a video series “100 Simple Acts for the Villagers,” featuring help for left-behind elderly such as teaching them to use smartphones. These videos not only enriched the elderly’s lives but also boosted the village’s popularity, drawing investment to this area. The social media drive brought tangible benefits to the village. Soon after the accounts were established, a forest farm was built, offering family-friendly outdoor activities and creating numerous local jobs. More importantly, the platforms became an effective channel for selling the village’s farm products. With a steady stream of orders coming in, the village’s agricultural product sales business burgeoned, bringing more income to local households. Last September, Zhao’s videos showing local grapes’ growth and their sweet taste drew wholesalers’ attention, helping sell 35,000 kilograms successfully. Zhao also provided assistance to nearby villages in need. When a young woman from a neighboring village sought help with unsold apricots (杏). Zhao’s team responded quickly, making and releasing a promotion video the same day. This helped the family sell all their extra apricots. Reflecting on her work, Zhao noted, “Social media is a strong tool for rural development. Though I’m just an ordinary person, I want to do my best to help my hometown.” 25．Why did Zhao Rui return to her hometown after graduation? A．To take part in rural renewal efforts. B．To pursue a bright future for herself. C．To get support from local government. D．To take charge of the village Party branch. 26．What can we learn about the video series “100 Simple Acts for the Villagers”? A．It was launched by local government. B．It focused on promoting new products. C．It helped bring in funds for the village. D．It aimed at giving lessons to the elderly. 27．What does the underlined word “burgeoned” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Survived luckily. B．Recovered quickly. C．Reduced slightly. D．Developed rapidly. 28．Which of the following words best describe Zhao Rui according to the passage? A．Motivated and cautious. B．Ambitious but stubborn. C．Innovative and responsible. D．Caring but inexperienced. 08（25-26高三上·湖南长沙·月考）They say that nursing is one of the most sacred professions out there. I think that the saying is more than true. Nurses might be the only individuals on this earth that hold back their own tears to give a smile to others. If you were asked to name history’s greatest nurses, you would almost certainly mention Florence Nightingale, the privileged woman who gave everything to serve the needy of her time. Yet while many remember her as a nurse, few recognize her as the “borderline genius”. Born on May 12, 1820, Florence possessed a once-in-a-generation mind — a polymath who mastered several languages and pioneered statistical concepts still in use today. Her parents were different too. At that time, being female typically destined one for a domestic life of knitting, but her immensely wealthy father was really dedicated to the education of his two daughters. On February 5, 1837, the teenage Florence declared that God had commanded her to end suffering in this world and this was when she joined nursing. Both parents objected fiercely; even her liberal father refused to accept it. Nursing wasn’t then a respected profession. For over twelve years, Florence persisted, unable to sway them. Only when she turned thirty, her father exhausted by resistance, did he finally send her to Germany for formal nursing training. Her defining moment came in the Crimean War. Leading 38 nurses to a British military hospital, she faced cold rejection from doctors unwilling to work with women. Yet through steady determination, her team introduced cleanliness, care, and hope — reducing the death rate dramatically. Nightingale was known for carrying a lamp and checking on the soldiers at night, and that is how she earned herself the title of “the Lady with the Lamp”. Though she passed away in 1910, her spirit endures through International Nurses Day and the Florence Nightingale Medal, honoring caregivers worldwide long after her death. 29．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To reflect nurses’ emotional challenges. B．To introduce the topic by praising nurses. C．To show the evolution of nursing. D．To compare nursing with other professions. 30．What do we know about Florence’s early experience? A．She pursued nursing following God’s calling. B．She showed early talent in medicine. C．Her parents opposed education for daughters. D．She trained, to be a nurse in England. 31．Why did Florence gain the name “the Lady with the Lamp”? A．For tending to soldiers at night with a lamp. B．For lighting up hospital rooms. C．For guiding others with a lamp in emergencies. D．For using a lamp during surgery. 32．Which of the following can best describe Florence? A．Influential and honest. B．Legendary and easygoing. C．Humorous and innovative. D．Intelligent and determined. 09（2026·河北承德·一模）At the age of 1 year and 152 days, Ace-Liam Nana Sam Ankrah from Ghana was the world’s youngest male artist. His mother Chantelle, also an artist, discovered his passion when he was just 6 months old. While learning to crawl, she gave him paint on a canvas to keep him busy — and he created his first artwork, The Crawl. Since then, Ace-Liam has gained attention from the media and even Ghana’s First Lady. “He has created a natural conversation about art appreciation and nurturing (培育) talent in kids,” the First Lady said. He has made over 20 paintings and participated in his first group exhibition, where nine of his ten displayed works were sold. Ace-Liam loves the feel of paint, bright colors, and expressing himself freely. “It’s a fun and creative outlet,” his mother explained. He often asks to paint, and his abstract works are inspired by colors, shapes, textures, and his mood. “Every painting shows his curiosity and joy,” Chantelle added. His painting sessions are natural. He chooses the canvas and colors, asks for help opening paint bottles, and then paints carefully but freely. A session can last from minutes to half an hour. Sometimes he returns days later to finish. When done, he says, “Mama finish.” After his record was confirmed, his family began looking for opportunities to nurture his talent through quality education and international exposure. Chantelle advises parents to encourage children’s interests early: “Every child is unique, and nurturing their passions can lead to amazing achievements.” For anyone aiming for a world record, she stresses the importance of following the rules carefully: “Read them over and over. The journey itself is fulfilling.” Ace-Liam’s artistic future looks bright, and many are excited to see what he creates next. 33．What is the primary significance of Ace-Liam’s story according to the First Lady? A．It proves the value of strict discipline. B．It shows the importance of winning awards. C．It highlights the commercial value of child art. D．It inspires discussion on developing young talent. 34．Which of the following best describes Ace-Liam’s creative process? A．Planned and structured. B．Hesitant and repetitive. C．Emotional and unrestricted. D．Interactive and social. 35．What does Chantelle expect other parents to do? A．Set clear goals for children early. B．Support children’s natural interests. C．Compare children’s progress with others. D．Prepare children for professional courses. 36．What does the author think of Ace-Liam’s future? A．Uncertain. B．Promising. C．Challenging. D．Stressful. 10（25-26高三上·河北沧州·月考）Just a few years ago, Marilyn Schlossbach was sitting at the top of the Jersey Shore food chain. Her wildly popular restaurant Langosta Lounge had been a driving force in the town’s renewal. She owned the Salt Water Market, Asbury Park Yacht Club and Pop’s Garage. Labrador Lounge, which she’d opened in Normandy in 2005, was always packed, too. She seemed to have the Midas touch (点金术). But things were not as they seemed. She was deep in debt. The borrowing had started with a million-dollar loan to reconstruct after Hurricane Sandy. With high rents, low profits and the seasonality of the restaurant business, she couldn’t get ahead. The profits were so slim that it seemed like a choice between lowering the food quality or making money. “To create the kind of food we wanted, with quality service and labor, we were borrowing money all the time,” she says. In 2023, she sold Labrador Lounge and set her sights on Long Branch, which she calls the “last undeveloped coastal area around here.” She teamed up with Preston Casertano on the Whitechapel Projects, which she calls a “cultural, public center for food, drink, arts and entertainment” in the Lower Broadway area. Buzz (人气) is building, but it’s been harder than anticipated. “We have no foot traffic,” she says. “We are literally 200 feet from Pier Village, but no one leaves there to come over here.” Though facing difficulty, she still sticks to her humanitarian work. She has partnered with the nonprofit Interfaith Neighbors, giving out food every Tuesday, and starting the Kula Café to train young people from the inner cities to work the front of the house in restaurants. But her real passion project is Whitechapel, which she hopes will help turn the Lower Broadway area into an arts district. “Our building is probably one of the most art-driven spaces at the Jersey Shore,” she says. “We can be a power for change in this neighborhood and community,” she says. “That’s the goal I’ve pursued my whole career. I’ve found that cooperation — rather than telling everyone how it will be — works best. This model allows me to achieve that.” 37．What was the initial cause of Schlossbach’s heavy debt? A．Poor management. B．Employees’ high salary. C．Investment in rebuilding. D．Rising price after hurricane. 38．What challenge did Schlossbach meet in the Whitechapel Projects? A．Lack of fund. B．Fewer visitors. C．No partners. D．Low food quality. 39．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph most likely refer to? A．The cooperative working style. B．The act of giving orders. C．The process of sharing ideas. D．The goal of driving community change. 40．Which words best describe Marilyn Schlossbach? A．Optimistic and humble. B．Responsible and humorous. C．Ambitious and inspiring. D．Adaptable and straightforward. 第二部分：事件评价题专练10篇 01（2025·陕西·模拟预测）As a child, Brian Fisher dreamed of becoming a botanist. While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. Soon, Fisher set himself the goal of identifying every species of ant in the world, and he aims to construct a tree of ant species. Fisher, along with his team, has already succeeded in identifying a complete subfamily of ants. It was his ant species tree that led Fisher to Madagascar, an island off the coast of Africa. During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. Yet his work in that region has extended far beyond the study of ants. “You cannot preserve a forest when the people living nearby are hungry,” he states, so he sought out methods to assist those individuals. He developed a new method for farming eatable insects, which he then taught to the people of Madagascar. Fisher understands what is required to build a career in the field of science. “To survive as a scientist,” he explains, “you must be motivated, driven, and fully focused.” He also emphasizes that being a good writer is essential, as it allows you to “share your story in an engaging way that will make people want to read your work.” Once Fisher’s species tree is fully completed, it may unlock an entirely new world of ant research. However, two major challenges stand in the way: climate change and human intervention. How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. 1．What initially contributed to Fisher’s changing his career? A．His childhood dream of saving ants. B．The aim of creating an ant species tree. C．His experience of studying plants. D．The ant scientist’s encouragement. 2．Which word best describes Fisher’s journey in Madagascar? A．Eventful. B．Debatable. C．Unsuccessful. D．Costly. 3．What does Fisher infer to do? A．Focus on scientific writing. B．Protect the natural ecology. C．Improve farming techniques. D．Learn about ant species’ habitats. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To promote Fisher’s ant species tree. B．To explain Fisher’s research methods. C．To introduce Fisher’s career philosophy. D．To outline Fisher’s ant research and contributions. 02（2026·山东枣庄·二模）In 1978, eight-year-old David Chiem and his family left Vietnam and arrived in Australia. He didn’t speak a word of English when he started school, but he picked it up quickly and topped his class that same year. At 14, Chiem starred in the Australian TV series Butterfly Island, becoming the first Asian-Australian to land a lead role on mainstream television. He became interested in acting and film-making and decided to study them — little knowing this would one day lead him to create an education empire. While learning film-making, Chiem realized something important: teachers often told students what to learn, but never how to learn. He wondered why so many kids struggled in school. He thought it might be because lessons didn’t truly interest them. He asked himself, “Instead of memorizing facts, why not teach children how to learn and help them become lifelong learners who love learning?” In 1998, Chiem started a research center in Sydney. He brought together experts in education, psychology, and brain science to develop the “3-Mind” learning model: the Champion Mind (never giving up), the Learning Mind (knowing how to learn), and the Creative Mind (coming up with new ideas). This approach helps children face challenges with curiosity and confidence. The first MindChamps preschool opened in Singapore in 2008 and was so popular that parents waited three months for a spot. Today, MindChamps has 39 preschools in Singapore and 81 across Australia, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Perhaps the greatest sign of success: over 70% of its franchisees (特许经营人) are parents of children who attend MindChamps schools. That’s real belief in a better way to learn. 5．What can we learn about David Chiem from the first two paragraphs? A．He had difficulty in learning English. B．He became a TV star quite by chance. C．His acting career inspired later business. D．He made the move for better education. 6．What did Chiem see as the main problem with traditional education? A．Children struggled in school. B．It stressed memorizing facts. C．Lessons were not challenging. D．It didn’t teach learning methods. 7．Which of the following best describe Chiem’s “3-Mind” model? A．Impractical. B．Demanding. C．Debatable. D．Innovative. 8．What does the high percentage of parents franchisees show? A．Parents have faith in the model. B．The schools are expanding quickly. C．Parents excel at making money. D．The model is favored by children. 31（25-26高三下·山东济南·月考）At an altitude over 4,500 meters in Burang County, Ngari Prefecture, Southwest China’s Xizang Autonomous Region, lies Mapam Yumco Lake. For over a decade, 42-year-old Dradul has dedicated himself to protecting the wetland around this precious lake as an ecosystem guardian. Before becoming a guardian, he struggled with temporary jobs and hoped for a steady salary. Now, he earns a stable monthly income of 2,000 yuan and comes to feel a deep sense of purpose. “Protecting this lake makes me proud. It’s not just work — it’s about preserving it for future generations,” he said. Dradul’s workday begins early. He patrols (巡查) a fixed 10-kilometer route by motorcycle, with duties including observing the reserve, recording data, and addressing ecological threats. Last February, he and his team rescued a wing-broken eagle, sending it to a rescue center until it recovered. This July, they spent 20 minutes pulling a trapped wild out of a mudflat with ropes. Educating visitors is another core task. Dradul reminds tourists not to litter, drive on delicate grasslands, or leave waste. “In the past, the wetland was full of garbage and had fewer wild animals,” Dradul recalled. Today, the wetland is home to 411 plant species and 157 wildlife species—a remarkable level of biodiversity for such a high-altitude area. Yet, the work is far from easy. Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland degradation. Human activities also continue — some visitors still litter, bathe, or wash cars in the lake. With nearly 99,000 hectares (公顷) of wetland and only 90 guardians, remote areas can’t be patrolled daily. Despite these difficulties, Dradul remains hopeful. He dreams of Mapam Yumco Lake staying pure forever. “This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations,” he emphasized. 9．What’s the original purpose of Dradul to work as a guardian? A．To earn a stable income. B．To help animals in need. C．To protect a precious wetland. D．To seek a sense of purpose. 10．Which of the following can best describe Dradul’s job? A．Well-paid but dangerous. B．Relaxing and effective. C．Challenging but worthwhile. D．Flexible and professional. 11．What does the underlined word “degradation” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Improvement. B．Expansion. C．Decline. D．Stability. 12．What can we learn from Dradul? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．Chance favors the prepared mind. D．Small efforts make a big difference. 04（2026·山东枣庄·一模）Deep in the forests of Uganda, Dr. Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka does something extraordinary: she protects mountain gorillas. For 27 years, she has been working with mountain gorillas, pursuing her dream job, which gave her the title of Uganda’s first wildlife vet. Today, she is standing on the front lines of a growing crisis: climate change. The gorillas’ habitat in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is growing warmer and drier, and water is becoming scarce. “When droughts come,” she explains, “the gorillas will struggle.” Climate change also fuels the spread of infectious diseases, posing severe risks to both local communities and wildlife. Dr. Gladys and her team work closely with village health teams or community health workers who they train to do conservation work. They monitor the gorillas’ health and provide treatment. Each month, they collect fecal (粪便)samples from all 26 habituated gorilla groups, to screen for viruses that could be transmitted from people or livestock. Society does not always encourage women to enter daring — even dangerous — fields; often, it discourages them. “But I did just that,” says Dr. Gladys. When she started, few women worked in conservation. Now, more are joining. “We still have a long way to go,” she says, “but things are changing.” Thanks to her work, mountain gorillas are no longer classified as critically endangered. Their population has risen from about 300 to over 500 since she started. “At times, I feel hopeless,” she admits. “But what keeps me going is knowing that something can be done. Working with gorillas gives me a lot of hope. It really does.” 13．What is a major threat to the survival of mountain gorillas? A．The chaos of war. B．Deforestation. C．Climate change. D．Water pollution. 14．How does Dr. Gladys’ team monitor the health of the mountain gorillas? A．By giving regular physical exams. B．By treating them in local clinics. C．By analyzing their fecal samples. D．By controlling infectious diseases. 15．Which of the following best describes Dr. Gladys’job? A．Challenging. B．Amazing. C．Boring. D．Well-paid. 16．What can we learn about Dr. Gladys’ work from the last paragraph? A．It turns out ineffective. B．It is quite fruitful. C．It lacks official support. D．It is very hopeless. 05（2026·山东济宁·二模）The evolutionary path that led to the rise of modern humans is full of twists and turns, and the latest surprise is that our species likely evolved from two ancestral populations. Scientists have long thought that modern humans emerged from a single hominin (古人类) population in Africa between 300,000 and 200,000 years ago. However, a new study led by Richard Durbin, a geneticist at the University of Cambridge revealed that two groups of hominins split apart around 1.5 million years ago, only to reunite about 1.2 million years later, initiating a genetic mixing event that resulted in the birth of modern humanity. Instead of relying on ancient remains, researchers made use of modern human DNA from the 1,000 Genomes Project. By adding that dataset to a computational algorithm (算法), they produced a structured model that displayed two ancestral populations breaking apart and getting back together in ancient times. “The fact that we can reconstruct events from hundreds of thousands or millions of years ago just by looking at DNA today is astonishing,” said Durbin. The model shows in the years after the split, one of the two groups contracted temporarily. “Immediately after the two ancestral populations split, we see a severe bottleneck in one of them — suggesting it declined to a very small size before slowly growing over a period of one million years,” Durbin said. “This population would later contribute about 80% of the genetic material of modern humans. The second group, meanwhile, contributed around 20% of the genes, many of which are located far away from the functional regions of the genome. As for the identity of these ancestral populations, an element of mystery still remains. The researchers point to Homo erectus and Homo heidelbergensis as possible candidates, but further research is needed. Still, the genetic exchange shaping the modern human genome demonstrates that human evolution has involved splits and reunions. And that’s probably not limited to humans. 17．What is the highlight of the new study? A．It rewrites human origin. B．It compares two populations. C．It maps the human genome. D．It confirms evolution timeline. 18．Which best describes the method of the study? A．Practice-focused. B．Culture-based. C．Theory-guided. D．Data-driven. 19．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．Species evolve in a clear and straight line. B．Genetic exchange may exist in other species. C．The status of the two groups has been identified. D．The two populations contributed equally in genes. 20．What is the best title of the text? A．Our Closest Ancient Cousins. B．An Ancestral Get-Together. C．The Art of Encoding Human DNA． D．The Out-of-Africa Human Journey. 06（2026·浙江·二模）I was born in 2010 in the countryside, which may be why I always felt a little out of step with the times. Throughout my childhood, I had never seen tall buildings or had a smartphone. The old computer we had at home was my only window to the online world, which I began exploring at the age of 8. My parents were busy during the day, so surfing the internet was a big deal for me. I always turned off the computer before they got home to let it cool down and hide what I had been doing all day. I feel like the online vibe was much more inclusive back then. I still remember the friendly debates about the various adaptations of Legends of the Condor Heroes. Everyone would share their thoughts and reasons. Just the other day, I saw a similar question on Xiaohongshu, but the discussion quickly turned into heated arguments. Back then, sharing resources for online novels or gaming strategies was common, but now, such requests can easily trigger online debates. My parents loved playing Stephen Chow movies at home, which turned me into a belated fan of these classic 1990s Hong Kong comedies. At the core of his humor lies tragedy, yet his films also taught me simple values: be brave, be resilient, stay optimistic, and never give up on your dreams. To me, Stephen Chow feels like an old friend I’ve known for years — a forever-young legend. I wish I had been born earlier, in that golden era. I’d describe myself as a severe nostalgia (怀旧) addict, especially when it comes to 90s architecture. Just looking at images of those buildings or walking near them brings me a sense of comfort. Though they’ve become relics of the past, nothing is truly forgotten. 21．What can be inferred about the author’s childhood from the first paragraph? A．He had no idea about the online world. B．His life kept pace with the times. C．His parents were too busy to look after him. D．He had limited access to the internet. 22．What does the author mean by saying “the online vibe was much more inclusive back then”? A．More people were willing to share. B．It is easier to reach an agreement. C．Different viewpoints could be respected. D．There were more online platforms. 23．What does the author think of Stephen Chow’s films? A．They only appeal to young people. B．They are tragedies with subtle humor. C．They are difficult to understand today. D．They combine humor with deep meaning. 24．Which of the following best describes the author’s overall tone in the passage? A．Hopeful. B．Emotional. C．Humorous. D．Critical. 07（2025·浙江·一模）This spring break, my 12-year-old disabled son rode his first roller coaster. He had so much fun! The roller coaster was the Slinky Dog Dash at Disney’s Hollywood Studios in Orlando, Florida. Disney World is one of the only mainstream amusement parks that will let my son go on rides. He has cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and is unable to sit independently. Because of his disabilities, most parks won’t let him go on their roller coasters. The experience at Disney was special for my son, but also special for the rest of my family of five. Splitting up (分开) is something we encounter daily. My son goes to a special school in a town 20 minutes from our home. There are almost no activities he can enjoy at our local parks and recreation program, and he spends a few afternoons a week in physical treatment. We also divide and conquer when we are out in public. Many buildings have an accessible entrance that is further away, so we split up to avoid dragging everyone around the back. The same goes for hunting for a vacant elevator in a big building or a busy mall. Accessible seating in theaters often only has room for one companion, so we sit in separate rows or further apart from one another. On occasion, an entire building or part of a building is just completely inaccessible, so we split up or pass on an activity we planned to enjoy because we literally can’t get everyone in the door. Many people assume that tending to my son’s day-to-day needs is the hardest part of being his caregiver. But finding resources and places that will include him is the real challenge. Disney World is one of the few, if not the only place, where everyone in my family feels equally important. Now that my son has successfully ridden his first roller coaster, I would love for him to go on the same types of rides at an amusement park in the local community, but I know it’s not an option. For now, anyway, I’m holding our recent experience close to my heart. 25．Why was the experience at Disney special for the author’s son? A．He was permitted to ride a roller coaster. B．It was his first trip to an amusement park. C．He was allowed to go on rides independently. D．It was his first vacation with his entire family. 26．Which of the following best describes Disney World? A．Romantic. B．Popular. C．Inclusive. D．Secure. 27．Why does the author mention theaters in the fifth paragraph? A．To criticize the limited space of theaters. B．To stress the importance of theaters to the disabled. C．To complain about the lack of accessible seating in public. D．To illustrate accessibility barriers in public that separate her family. 28．What does the author find most difficult when caring for her son? A．Managing her son’s daily needs. B．Balancing her son and the rest of her family. C．Finding disability-friendly places and activities. D．Persuading his son to fit into the local community. 08（2024·浙江宁波·模拟预测）All I had to do for the small sum of money was to take care of the old man in the neighborhood for a few hours every day. It was a peaceful task in a nice house filled with things that were rare in my own home. Caring for him gave me a feeling of achievement. I could use part of the money to buy some books I longed for and also help my family with daily expenses. I wasn’t like those children who had nothing to do but play. I had a role that made me feel important and grown-up. I received kind words and grateful looks from the old man and his family, which made me stand out from just being an ordinary child. In those times, children were not just for fun; they were useful. They could assist the elderly, run errands, and do simple household repairs. But now, it seems children are mainly focused on studies and hobbies. They are pampered and have few real responsibilities. Gradually, I became better at taking care of the old man. I learned how to cook simple meals for him and keep him company in a more engaging way. He started to give me some old but valuable collectibles as a reward. I was excited to have them as they were things I could never afford before. Still, I sometimes felt a bit overworked. But I was reluctant to complain. I knew my parents would tell me to be grateful for the opportunity. One day, when I was talking to my grandfather, I let out my feelings. He then said, “Child, you are doing a good thing. But remember, you are not defined by this job. You have your own life and dreams. The work is just a part of your experience, not the whole of you.” Since then, I have engaged in various activities and tasks, some easy and some difficult. But I have always remembered my grandfather’s words and never let any work overshadow my sense of self or my personal goals. 29．What mainly made the author feel a sense of achievement in taking care of the old man? A．The ability to afford personal hobbies. B．The respect from the old man and his family. C．The opportunity to learn new skills. D．The praise from the neighbors. 30．Which of the following best describes the author’s trait? A．Diligent and ambitious. B．Capable and self-aware. C．Sensitive and obedient. D．Outgoing and helpful. 31．What did the author’s grandfather make him/her understand? A．To focus on personal growth rather than just work. B．To be more patient when dealing with difficulties. C．To value the relationship with the elderly. D．To be brave in asking for a better reward. 32．What is the main message the author wants to convey? A．The importance of family support in personal development. B．The significance of early work experience for children. C．Not to let work define one’s identity and worth. D．The value of helping the elderly in the community. 09（2025·浙江·二模）Dr. Aminata Diallo, a 52-year-old Malian engineer, never imagined her childhood chore — carrying water 8km daily — would inspire a revolution. Today, her solar-powered atmospheric water generators (AWGs) relieve the thirst of 300,000 Sahel villagers, earning her the 2023 Rolex Award for Enterprise. Born in drought-stricken Timbuktu, Diallo experienced her “eureka moment” during a sandstorm: “I watched camels lick condensation (冷凝水) off rocks and thought — why can’t humans harvest air’s moisture?” While studying mechanical engineering at MIT, she faced skepticism. “Professors said AWGs were impractical for deserts,” she recalled. Determined, Diallo tested prototypes in her dorm shower’s humidity, often working late into the night to refine her designs. Traditional AWGs required expensive hygroscopic materials. Diallo’s innovation? Treating bamboo fibers with sodium chloride — a technique inspired by Mali’s salt caravans (商队). “Bamboo’s structure mimics camel nostrils (鼻孔) which efficiently take in moisture from the air,” she explained at TEDGlobal 2022. Her $50 portable units now produce 20 liters daily even at 15% humidity, making clean water accessible to remote communities. Diallo’s nonprofit “Jiko Collective” trains women to assemble AWGs, changing traditional gender roles in conservative regíons. “My first workshop had three grandmothers and a nursing mother,” she told The Guardian, “they fit machine parts while watching babies, proving that innovation thrives when everyone contributes.” Since 2020, over 4,000 women have learned these skills, giving clean water to 300,000 people and transforming their communities’ social fabric. When tech giants offered millions for her patent, Diallo refused. “Water belongs to the sky, not shareholders,” she declared. Instead, she open-sourced designs through UNESCO, making them available for worldwide adoption. Critics call it naive, but to this award-winning engineer, every water drop from air shouts, “The sky’s gift belongs to all.” 33．What initially motivated Diallo’s invention? A．Academic pressure at MIT. B．Childhood experiences in Mali. C．Encouragement from professors. D．Inspiration from camel behavior. 34．What does the underlined word “hygroscopic” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A．Water-absorbing. B．Enengy-saving. C．Heat-resistant. D．Cost-effective. 35．Why did Diallo refuse tech companies’ offers? A．To focus on academic research. B．To protect her technical secrets. C．To reduce production costs further. D．To keep designs publicly accessible. 36．Which of the following best describe Diallo’s character? A．Ambitious and profit-driven. B．Competitive and self-centered. C．Observant and socially conscious. D．Conservative and strong-minded. 10（2025·浙江温州·三模）The boat ride from Helsinki’s city center to the island of Pihlajasaari takes only 10 minutes and drops off visitors at beaches for sunbathing. But I had a different mission: to speak to a tree. This was meant to be a healing exercise, one championed by the Finnish biologist Adela Pajunen. Finns, she’d told me, sometimes share their worries aloud to trees or birds. On shore, I spotted a short black alder tree and began to tell the tree my troubles. The leaves rustled (沙沙作响) in response, a sign I interpreted as sympathy. I had come to Finland to see whether I could bring happiness back to America with me. Finland has topped the World Happiness Report for the past eight years, largely due to free education and universal health care. And the Finns also find happiness in more attainable ways, such as their close relationship with nature and visiting the sauna (桑拿) daily. These activities contain similar goals: Stay present and seek a minimalist lifestyle that relies on the earth. I followed their lifestyle — visiting the sauna and taking a relaxing forest walk, and happiness came in waves over the next few days. I was optimistic that I could recreate the happiest moments of this trip back home in New York. How hard could it be, really? As it turned out, happiness was a luxury in America, though I tried hard to live exactly like the Finns. Then one afternoon, I had a breakthrough as I rushed through Central Park and noticed a crowd of people staring at the ground. A cardinal! I stopped to admire the bird’s feather before it flew away. This was a win for staying present. I’d been so stuck trying to find the time and money for happiness that I’d missed the point: Quiet the mind, and find pleasure in small acts and observations — like a cardinal taking flight, or talking to trees — right then and there. As I left the park, I carried out a small but comforting ritual (仪式) I’d developed. I thanked the trees for listening. 37．Why did the author speak to a tree? A．To heal the tree. B．To seek happiness. C．To follow a tradition. D．To appreciate nature. 38．What do we know about the Finnish lifestyle? A．It requires daily sauna visits. B．It values close relationships. C．It is easily adopted elsewhere. D．It focuses on simple pleasures. 39．Why couldn’t the author recreate happy moments back in America? A．She was busy with work. B．It was noisy in New York. C．She forgot to stay present. D．It was expensive to live there. 40．Which of the following best describes the author’s trip to Finland? A．Transformative. B．Challenging. C．Adventurous. D．Unexpected. 11（2024·河北保定·二模）Since Cynthia Florio was a lifeguard at Tobay Beach in the 1990s, she has watched the ocean approach the shore and draw closer to the dunes (沙丘). It’s what forced Florio, 53, of Massapequa, to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay’s annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蚀). Along with other volunteers, Florio had spent hours with her daughter, Kyra Florio-Marinello, 15, and her daughter’s friend Tatum Brennan, 15, planting the native plants that were intended to absorb water and prepare the sand against heavy wind. But four days later, a storm on Wednesday hit Long Island and washed the new plants away. “The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes,” said Marta Kane, an Oyster Bay spokeswoman. “The dune grass cost the town $32,000.” The event, centered on volunteerism, drew some families whose elders were looking to share a message with a younger generation about the importance of protecting the environment. While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment, for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation. Maria Rizzi, 70, of Massapequa, participated in the planting session with her grandson, Andrew Lepsis, 10. She said she would go back for another event with even more family members. “I’d be willing to do it again,” she said. “I’d even talk the older grand kids into coming.” While the storm swept the new plants away, Florio said Tobay Beach’s appearance aftermath serves as a powerful reminder of the need for more volunteer work on that stretch of sand. “Maybe it will inspire more people to volunteer and understand the need for us to protect our beaches,” Florio said. 41．What is the aim of the dune grass planting event? A．To protect the ocean from being polluted. B．To keep the shoreline in good shape. C．To reduce extreme weather conditions. D．To prevent people playing on the beach. 42．Which can best describe the dune grass planting event? A．Popular but costly. B．Traditional but complex. C．Creative and economical. D．Successful and rewarding. 43．How did Maria Rizzi feel about grass planting? A．Interesting. B．Disappointed. C．Hopeless. D．Motivated. 44．What can be the best title for the text? A．Great Grass Planting B．The Best of the Storm C．Spirit Never Washed Away D．Volunteers Making History Together 试卷第24页，共26页 试卷第26页，共26页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026高考英语考前十天冲刺宝典 专题24 阅读理解人物性格题和事件评价题 解析版 高考真题记叙文考点解读 卷别 主题 话题 词数 细节 理解题 猜测 词义题 推理 判断题 主旨 大意题 2025全国一卷 人与自然 减少自来水微塑料污染新研究 331+135 2 2 2025全国二卷 人与自然 居家趋势推动了室内绿植产业 266+126 2 1 1 2025全国二卷 人与社会 餐厅创意改造丢弃食材引关注 340+135 1 2 1 2024新课标I卷 人与自然 引导公民科学记录生物多样性 364+122 3 1 2024新课标II卷 人与自然 介绍巴比伦微农场(BMF)优势 272+125 2 1 1 2024新课标II卷 人与社会 书评-阐述AI发展现状与前景 323+160 1 1 2 2024全国甲卷 人与自然 猫通过叫声嗅觉等来表达需求 311+124 2 1 1 2024全国甲卷 人与社会 医疗列车巡回服务于俄中东部 283+111 2 2 2023新课标I卷 人与社会 倡导过上简单的数字生活方式 322+107 1 2 1 2023新课标II卷 人与社会 印刷书籍和阅读对人类的意义 328+126 1 1 2 2023新课标II卷 人与自然 呼吁保护城市中的野生自然性 320+156 1 3 2023全国甲卷 人与社会 书评-倡导读者花时间去多读书 332+124 2 2 2023全国甲卷 人与自然 灰熊从濒危物种恢复遇新问题 295+103 2 2 2023全国乙卷 人与社会 烹饪节目鼓励尝试烹饪新习惯 319+149 2 2 2022新课标I卷 人与自然 科廷为解决食物浪费而的努力 344+130 3 1 2022新课标I卷 人与社会 减少孤独改善老人健康的项目 299+131 1 3 2022新课标I卷 人与社会 饮食的改变导致产生新的语言 339+153 2 1 1 2021新课标I卷 人与自然 发行鸭票促进水禽栖息地保护 300+127 1 1 1 1 2021新课标II卷 人与自然 开发一种机器监测放牧牛健康 307+133 4 2021全国甲卷 人与自然 保护区出生的部分黑犀牛现状 263+142 2 2 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 介绍澳大利亚用固定电话情况 315+120 1 2 1 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 塑料垃圾制作雕塑作品引关注 274+128 3 1 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 噪音与创造性思维关系的研究 338+112 3 1 阅读微技能：人物性格题 1.题型解读 无论是叙事型或者记人型阅读理解记叙文，往往都涉及到人们或者公众对其人生事迹或贡献评价，选项多用一个形容词或者两个并列的形容词。注意人物性格形容词往往与具体行为、态度直接关联。 分类 例词 正面评价 brave勇敢的kind善良的optimistic乐观的reliable可靠的determined坚定的humorous幽默的generous慷慨的reserved内敛的ambitious有野心的sensitive敏感的creative有创造性的 负面评价 odd古怪的rude粗鲁的stubborn固执的selfish自私的impatient不耐烦的cowardly懦弱的 2.命题方式 设问方式以“Which of the following best describes...?”等引出问题。 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? (2024新课标I卷) 22. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? (2019全国I卷) 3.解题步骤 阅读理解记叙文“人物性格描述题”的最优处理方法： 第一、先整体把握文章大意、人物经历、事迹贡献、人物反馈，多为弘扬“真善美”主旋律主题。 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，多为并列型，一对一错，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。 4.跟踪训练 (2024新课标I卷阅读B片段)“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine – combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. … 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 解析：第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词some of Farber’s coworkers，think of him。 第二步：根据关键词定位到第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。unusual=odd，同义替换。 第三步：比对选项得出答案A。 阅读微技能：事件评价题 1.题型解读 ①“活动评价题”试题大多出现在记叙文最后一题； ②属于复杂细节理解题，可能会涉及阅读材料多处； ③常见命题形式：Which of the following best describes…? 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? (2023新课标I卷) 26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home? (2021新课标II卷) 2.解题策略 阅读理解记叙文“活动评价题”的最优处理方法： 第一、先通读全文把握主旨，重点了解相关事件的前因后果和来龙去脉，为后续处理做铺垫。 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。 3.跟踪训练 (2023新课标I卷B篇片段)… Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 解析：第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词describes, the impact of the program。 第二步：根据关键词定位到最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。far-reaching意义深远的predictable可预测的short-lived短暂的unidentifiable不可识别的。 第三步：比对选项得出答案A。 清北生实战经验反馈区 1.阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”。 2.阅读理解记叙文重视首尾段作用，尤其是标题概括题和写作意图题。 3.猜词词义题注意运用“代入法”“排除法”从逻辑性和褒贬性出发。 4.文章寓意题选项字面意思和言外之意与文章主旨结合，去伪存真。 5.性格描述题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词描述，确定最佳答案。 6.标题概括题注意文章线索点睛作用，兼有概括性、新颖性和针对性。 模拟专区：练技能，补漏洞；练速度，提效能；提分数，强信心！ 第一部分：人物性格题专练10篇 01（2026·浙江·二模）It begins with a steady buzz, echoing through the towering forests of Alaska. It’s a signal, but not one to be alarmed by. It’s less “Duck and cover,” more “Come and get it!” So you step outside your house, where there are few roads and fewer neighbors, and see it. A single-engine plane flies low, just a few dozen feet above the ground. The plane’s door whips open, and a black package is thrown out, plummeting (速降) to earth with a yellow tail hanging behind. Congratulations, you’ve just been turkey bombed! The “bomb” is a 15-pound frozen turkey stuffed into a trash bag, tied with yellow caution tape for easy visibility. Since 2021, Alaska native Esther Keim has been dropping them from the air to remote Alaskans who might otherwise be eating squirrel, moose or Spam for Thanksgiving dinner. Thanksgiving falls at a tricky time of the year in this part of the country. It’s a time when rivers, which often serve as highways in Alaska’s remote areas, are too frozen for boats to travel but not frozen enough for cars. Their only option for reaching “civilization” is seven hours on a snowmobile. Or, if you’re a pilot like Keim, you can take to the air. Keim began her turkey-bombing flights after visiting her family in Skwentna, an isolated village. A neighbor mentioned how a squirrel he hunted barely fed his family of four. This reminded Keim of her childhood, when a family friend would drop a turkey — and sometimes a box of candy inside the package just for her — from his plane to her family every year. “I am gonna drop turkeys to remote Alaskans without road access,” says Keim. “It wouldn’t be a big deal, but it’d bring me a lot of joy to bless other people like we were blessed.” Now Keim is working to turn this personal effort into a non- profit called the Alaska Turkey Drop Project. The project has received enough donations from some individuals and local businesses, with others donating their time and goods. Every year, that noisy plane soaring through Alaska’s sky brings not just turkeys, but a heartwarming reminder of connection in the wilderness. 1．What can be learned about the “bomb”? A．It’s a dangerous explosive. B．It’s sent to Alaskans for Christmas. C．It’s a frozen turkey with yellow tape. D．It’s dropped from a high- flying plane. 2．Why is Thanksgiving a challenging time in remote Alaska? A．Pilots avoid snowy flights. B．Snowmobiles are only for short trips. C．All roads are blocked by snow. D．Half- frozen rivers are unfit for boats or cars. 3．What inspired Keim to start the “bombing” flights? A．A demand for her nonprofit project. B．A suggestion from her family. C．Neighbor’s hardship and childhood favor. D．Hunting squirrels with neighbors. 4．Which of the following best describes Keim? A．Caring and inquiring. B．Sympathetic and innovative. C．Decisive and tolerant. D．Adventurous and ambitious. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Esther Keim为偏远阿拉斯加人空投火鸡的善举。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The “bomb” is a 15-pound frozen turkey stuffed into a trash bag, tied with yellow caution tape for easy visibility. (这个“炸弹”是一只15磅重的冷冻火鸡，塞进一个垃圾袋里，用黄色警示胶带绑着，以便于看到。)”可知，这个“炸弹”是带有黄色胶带的冷冻火鸡。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thanksgiving falls at a tricky time of the year in this part of the country. It’s a time when rivers, which often serve as highways in Alaska’s remote areas, are too frozen for boats to travel but not frozen enough for cars. (感恩节在这个国家的这个地区是一个棘手的时间。在这个时候，河流经常作为阿拉斯加偏远地区的高速公路，河水结冰太厚，船无法航行，但结冰又不够厚，汽车无法通行。)”可知，感恩节在阿拉斯加偏远地区是一个具有挑战性的时间，是因为半结冰的河流不适合船或汽车通行。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Keim began her turkey- bombing flights after visiting her family in Skwentna, an isolated village. A neighbor mentioned how a squirrel he hunted barely fed his family of four. This reminded Keim of her childhood, when a family friend would drop a turkey — and sometimes a box of candy inside the package just for her — from his plane to her family every year. (Keim在访问了Skwentna这个偏僻的村庄后，开始了她的火鸡空投飞行。一位邻居提到，他猎杀的一只松鼠几乎养活不了他一家四口。这让Keim想起了她的童年，那时每年都会有家人朋友从飞机上给她家扔下一只火鸡，有时还会在包裹里放一盒糖果给她。)”可知，邻居的困难和童年的喜爱激励Keim开始了“轰炸”飞行。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““I am gonna drop turkeys to remote Alaskans without road access,” says Keim. “It wouldn’t be a big deal, but it’d bring me a lot of joy to bless other people like we were blessed.” (“我要给那些没有公路的偏远阿拉斯加人空投火鸡，”Keim说，“这不是什么大事，但能像别人曾经祝福我们那样去祝福别人，会给我带来很多快乐。”)”及最后一段中“Now Keim is working to turn this personal effort into a non- profit called the Alaska Turkey Drop Project. The project has received enough donations from some individuals and local businesses, with others donating their time and goods. (现在，Keim正努力将这项个人努力转变为一个名为“阿拉斯加火鸡空投项目”的非营利组织。该项目已经从一些个人和当地企业那里获得了足够的捐款，还有一些人捐赠了他们的时间和物品。)”可知，Keim是一个富有同情心且具有创新精神的人，她通过自己的行动帮助偏远地区的阿拉斯加人，并努力将这个个人项目发展成为一个非营利组织。故选B。 02（2026·浙江·二模）Two months into my Ph.D．, I was on the verge of quitting. My broken English made it hard to keep up with colleagues. At lab meetings, the conversation progressed so quickly that by the time I understood a question, the discussion had already moved on. I once ruined an experiment due to misunderstanding instructions. In a presentation, I embarrassed myself by confusing “gene dilution” with “gene deletion”. I felt out of place, uncertain about my future in science. I had moved to Hong Kong from the Chinese mainland, excited to become a scientist, but quickly felt overwhelmed. The lab was full of complex instruments I had only ever seen in textbooks, and I had no idea how to use them. Most of all, the language barrier made everything harder. Classes were taught in English, and I struggled to follow the discussions. After a particularly embarrassing presentation, a senior lab member pulled me aside and said, “You are not here because of your English. You are here because you can think.” His words gave me the strength to continue. I began recording every class and replaying the discussions at night. Slowly, my English improved, and I grew more confident in expressing my ideas. Years later, after training in Hong Kong, Canada, and the United States, I returned to my hometown to run my own lab. My students all spoke Mandarin, and I assumed they wouldn’t struggle as much as I had because they didn’t face the same language barrier. But I soon realized they too battled doubts about their careers and abilities. I realized my job was to teach them to think critically and solve problems creatively, just as I had been taught. When I saw a student struggling with an experiment, I told her, “You are not here because your experiments always work. You are here because you can think.” Her smile told me she was encouraged by these words. Today, what I value most in my job is the transformation I see in the students who arrive uncertain, but who leave with enough confidence to challenge me, their professor. For me, helping others cross the bridge is the true reward of scientific life. 5．Why did the author almost quit her Ph.D．according to paragraph 1? A．She disliked lab discussions. B．She lacked future plans in science. C．She messed up her presentation. D．She struggled with language barriers. 6．What was the turning point for the author during her Ph.D．studies? A．Her embarrassing presentation. B．Returning to her hometown to run a lab. C．The senior lab member’s supportive remark. D．Moving to Hong Kong from the Chinese mainland. 7．Which word would best describe the author as a teacher? A．Inspirational. B．Strict. C．Humorous. D．Authoritative. 8．What does the underlined phrase “cross the bridge” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Travel between countries for education. B．Change from a student to a professor. C．Grow from uncertainty to confidence. D．Build bonds between professors and students. 【答案】5．D 6．C 7．A 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者攻读博士初期因语言障碍陷入自我怀疑甚至想放弃，在得到前辈鼓励后坚持并成长，后来成为导师，用同样的方式鼓励学生从迷茫走向自信，收获科研人生的真正价值。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Two months into my Ph.D., I was on the verge of quitting. My broken English made it hard to keep up with colleagues.(读博两个月后，我几乎要放弃了。我蹩脚的英语使我很难跟上同事的步伐。)”、“I felt out of place, uncertain about my future in science.(我感到格格不入，对自己在科学领域的未来感到不确定)”以及本段中所讲述的语言问题导致实验失误、演讲尴尬等，作者几乎退学的原因是语言障碍带来的种种困境，故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“After a particularly embarrassing presentation, a senior lab member pulled me aside and said, “You are not here because of your English. You are here because you can think.” His words gave me the strength to continue.(在一次特别尴尬的汇报后，一位实验室资深成员把我拉到一边说：“你能在这里不是因为你的英语，而是因为你会思考” 他的话给了我坚持下去的力量。)”可知，一位资深实验室成员的鼓励话语给了作者继续下去的动力，是作者博士生阶段的转折点。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段中“When I saw a student struggling with an experiment, I told her, “You are not here because your experiments always work. You are here because you can think.” Her smile told me she was encouraged by these words.(当我看到一个学生在做实验时很吃力，我告诉她：“你不在这里是因为你的实验总是成功的。你在这里是因为你能思考”她的微笑告诉我她被这些话鼓舞了。)”可知，作者传承了当年他人对自己的鼓励，用相似的话鼓励迷茫的学生，帮助学生建立信心；因此，作者作为老师是鼓舞激励人的。故选A。 8．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Today, what I value most in my job is the transformation I see in the students who arrive uncertain, but who leave with enough confidence to challenge me, their professor.(如今，我在工作中最看重的是我在学生身上看到的转变，他们来的时候不确定，离开的时候却有足够的信心来挑战我——他们的教授。)”可知，作者工作中注重帮助学生建立信心，帮助学生完成从迷茫不确定到自信的成长转变，“For me, helping others cross the bridge is the true reward of scientific life.(对我来说，帮助别人cross the bridge是科学生活的真正回报。)”中的“cross the bridge”指的是从迷茫不安走向自信的成长，故选C。 03（2026·广东广州·一模）They now call it “Batesian mimicry” — the amazing skill for survival I first saw in the whispering green of the Amazon. I am Henry Walter Bates. My story began not with butterflies, but as the eldest son of a stocking (长袜) maker in Leicester. Yet, a boy’s passion for collecting insects and an important meeting with Alfred Russel Wallace, Darwin’s future co-theorist, sent me toward what he called “the great engine of change” in the tropics. For eleven years, the Amazon was my home, my school, and my proving ground. I faced constant dangers, from disease-carrying mosquitoes and snakes to flooding rains. I was struck down by both yellow fever and malaria. My routine was strict: mornings collecting, afternoons reading and preparing my finds. I was usually in bed by nine. My field journals, filled with detailed drawings and notes in dark ink, were my defense against the dampness and insects. I learned the local languages and customs, for without the crucial guidance of its people, I would have been completely lost in that vast wilderness. It was a time of extraordinary variety. I brought back over 14,000 kinds of insects — 8,000 new to science. But the real wonder was not the count, but a pattern I noticed. It started with a puzzle: why could slow-flying butterflies like the Heliconius escape birds? Later I discovered they were poisonous and bitter-tasting. Then the deeper truth emerged: harmless Dismorphia had evolved to copy the bright warning colours of the Heliconius. These mimics, avoided by their natural enemies, survived to pass on their colours. Here was evolution by natural selection, written plainly on butterfly wings. I published my paper in 1862, three years after Darwin’s On the Origin of Species. That this “mimicry”, discovered in remote jungles, could offer timely field support for his great theory remains my proudest achievement. They say I “wrote the book” on field study. I simply followed my fascination, one find at a time, from my father’s Leicester workshop into the heart of nature’s grandest design. 9．Who was Henry Walter Bates? A．A stocking maker from Leicester. B．Darwin’s co-theorist on evolution. C．A scientist who studied insects. D．A writer documenting tropical life. 10．What did Bates consider was essential to his life and work in the Amazon? A．Keeping a strict daily schedule. B．Getting assistance from the locals. C．Collecting and studying samples. D．Staying healthy in the rainforest. 11．What was the pattern Bates discovered? A．Birds avoided eating bitter-tasting insects. B．Slow-flying butterflies escaped birds’ attack. C．The bright colours of butterflies signalled danger. D．Harmless species copied the look of poisonous ones. 12．Which of the following best describes Bates? A．Brave and passionate. B．Strict and humble. C．Ambitious and sociable. D．Independent and proud. 【答案】9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍昆虫学家亨利·沃尔特·贝茨在亚马逊的研究经历，发现贝氏拟态并为进化论提供重要实地证据。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I am Henry Walter Bates. My story began not with butterflies, but as the eldest son of a stocking (长袜) maker in Leicester. Yet, a boy’s passion for collecting insects and an important meeting with Alfred Russel Wallace, Darwin’s future co-theorist, sent me toward what he called “the great engine of change” in the tropics. (我是亨利·沃尔特·贝茨。我的故事并非始于蝴蝶，而是作为莱斯特一名长袜制造商的长子开始的。然而，一个男孩对收集昆虫的热情，以及与达尔文未来的共同理论家阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士的重要会面，使我走向了他所说的热带地区的“伟大变革引擎”。)”可知，亨利·沃尔特·贝茨是一位研究昆虫的科学家。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I learned the local languages and customs, for without the crucial guidance of its people, I would have been completely lost in that vast wilderness.(我学习了当地的语言和习俗，要是没有当地人的关键指导，我在那片广袤的荒野中会完全迷失方向。)”可知，贝茨认为在亚马逊的生活和工作中，得到当地人的帮助是至关重要的。故选B项。 11．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Later I discovered they were poisonous and bitter-tasting. Then the deeper truth emerged: harmless Dismorphia had evolved to copy the bright warning colours of the Heliconius.(后来我发现它们有毒且味道苦涩。随后更深层次的真相显现出来：无害的粉蝶进化出了模仿长翅蝶鲜艳警告色的能力。)”可知，贝茨发现的模式是无害物种模仿有毒物种的外观。故选D项。 12．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For eleven years, the Amazon was my home, my school, and my proving ground. I faced constant dangers, from disease-carrying mosquitoes and snakes to flooding rains.(十一年来，亚马逊是我的家、我的学校和我的试验场。我不断面临危险，从携带疾病的蚊子、蛇到倾盆大雨。)”和第一段中的“Yet, a boy’s passion for collecting insects and an important meeting with Alfred Russel Wallace, Darwin’s future co-theorist, sent me toward what he called “the great engine of change” in the tropics. (然而，一个男孩对收集昆虫的热爱，以及与达尔文后来的理论合作者阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士的一次重要会面，将他引向了热带地区那被他称为“伟大的变革动力”的事物。)”以及最后一段中的“I simply followed my fascination, one find at a time, from my father’s Leicester workshop into the heart of nature’s grandest design. (我只是追随自己的热爱，一次一点地发现，从父亲在莱斯特的工作室，一步步走进大自然最宏伟设计的核心。)”可知，贝茨勇敢且充满热情。故选A项。 04（25-26高三上·广东·月考）If there’s one sound which represents everything there is to fall in love with on safari (观兽旅行), it’s the roar of a lion at nightfall. I heard it one evening in the Qwabi Private Game Reserve, where the Waterberg mountains spread outward like an unfolding story. We’d just watched a remarkable standoff: lionesses baring teeth and muscle to a dominant male who’d wandered too close. The roars came first, then a sudden, striking charge. Paws (爪子) flew and their breath hung in the air over the grasslands, before the male eventually turned and dropped to the ground in defeat. It was pure theatre, to which we had front-row seats. The Waterberg is a place of quiet success. A UNESCO Biosphere Reserve since 2001, this 654,000-hectare region in Limpopo Province is one of South Africa’s best-kept safari secrets. It’s a region where conservation feels like a lived value. Thanks to collaboration between private reserves, landowners and anti-illegal hunting units, the region has recorded some of the lowest rhino (犀牛) illegal hunting statistics in the country. Head guide Damien Fourie was extensive in his knowledge and boyishly excited about every sight and sound. After careful tracking, we came across a group of lions resting beneath a thorn tree, their bodies exposed only by the swinging of a tail. And when we spotted a two-week-old white rhino walking unsteadily beside its mother later on the drive, he was as thrilled as we were. Still, even if you see nothing but sky and silence, the Waterberg delivers. On our final morning, after a night of rain, I skipped the game drive in favor of a coffee on the deck. I watched the steam rise as the morning sun warmed the valley. The end of my time in the bush came with no distant lion roars, no whispering packs, no newborn rhino. Not every safari needs a drumroll ending. Sometimes, a slow, misty morning and a quiet deck tick all the boxes. 13．What did the author witness about the lions? A．Their playful race. B．Their staged show. C．Their fierce conflict. D．Their hunting attempt. 14．What do the underlined words “a lived value” in paragraph 3 mean? A．A theoretical principle. B．A widely spread belief. C．A practically applied norm. D．A traditionally held concept. 15．Which of the following best describes Damien? A．Calm and distant. B．Informed and passionate. C．Energetic and creative. D．Disciplined and ambitious. 16．What does the author think of the safari? A．It displayed racial harmony. B．It had an exciting ending. C．It revealed why she loved nature. D．It satisfied what she could hope for. 【答案】13．C 14．C 15．B 16．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者记述了自己在南非沃特堡生物圈保护区的一次观兽旅行经历，描绘了目睹狮子冲突、追踪野生动物的激动，也描述了保护区在合作保护下的成功，并最终在宁静的晨雾中感受到旅行的圆满，传达了人与自然和谐共处的感悟。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“We’d just watched a  remarkable standoff: lionesses baring teeth and muscle to a dominant  male who’d wandered too close. The roars came first, then a sudden,  striking charge. Paws (爪子)  flew and their breath hung in the air over the grasslands, before the  male eventually turned and dropped to the ground in defeat.(我们刚刚目睹了一场惊心动魄的对峙场面：母狮们露出獠牙，摆出战斗姿势，以抵御一只过于靠近的雄狮。先是传来阵阵咆哮声，随后是一阵突然而迅猛的冲撞。它们的爪子挥舞着，呼吸的气息在草原上弥漫开来，最终那雄狮转过身，瘫倒在地，败下阵来)”可知，作者目睹的是狮子之间一场紧张激烈的冲突。故选C项。 14．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在句“It’s a region where conservation feels like a lived value. (这是一个环境保护感觉像是a lived value的地区)”以及后文“Thanks to collaboration between private reserves, landowners and anti-illegal hunting units, the region has recorded some of the lowest rhino (犀牛) illegal hunting statistics in the country. (由于私人保护区、土地所有者和反非法狩猎单位之间的合作，该地区记录了全国最低的犀牛非法猎杀统计数据之一)”可知，这里的环保不仅仅是口号或理论，而是通过多方合作，实实在在地取得了成效(犀牛盗猎率极低)，成为了在日常生活中被践行和应用的标准或准则。因此，“a lived value”应理解为在实践中被应用的价值或准则。故选C项。 15．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Head guide Damien Fourie was extensive in his knowledge and boyishly excited about every sight and sound. (首席向导Damien Fourie知识渊博，并且对每一次所见所闻都表现出孩子般的兴奋)”可推知，Damien的特点一是知识丰富(extensive in his knowledge)，二是充满热情(boyishly excited)。故选B项。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段，尤其是最后两句“Not every safari needs a drumroll ending. Sometimes, a slow, misty morning and a quiet deck tick all the boxes. (并非每一次观兽旅行都需要一个激动人心的结局。有时，一个缓慢的、雾蒙蒙的早晨和一个安静的甲板就能满足所有的期待)”可知，作者认为这次旅行最终的宁静清晨虽然没有惊心动魄的动物景象，但同样令人满足。这表明作者认为这次旅行满足了她所期望的一切。故选D项。 05（25-26高三下·湖北武汉·月考）Lin Mo is an obscure film darkroom printer who runs a cramped, sunless studio tucked away from the bustling urban commercial district, a solitary figure clinging to a fading niche craft in the digital age. As digital imaging technology and AI-powered retouching tools have monopolized the global photographic industry, manual analog film developing has become a nearly obsolete skill, abandoned by most young practitioners in pursuit of fast efficiency. In his sparse spare time, he never browses trendy photography blogs or viral short videos, but immerses himself in professional periodicals like Traditional Photographic Conservation Quarterly and authoritative academic reports issued by the International Archive Imaging Research Institute. These rigorous research documents conclude that chemically processed film prints possess unparalleled tonal layers and physical preservation stability, with a service life 30 times longer than ordinary digital printed works, a conclusion that has long solidified his stubborn adherence to pure traditional techniques. One drizzly afternoon, a young documentary photographer brought several rolls of field-shot rural film to him. After carefully appreciating the finished prints, the young man spoke earnestly: “Your meticulous manual craftsmanship endows photos with irreplaceable human warmth, yet proper digital tone calibration can retain that warmth while restoring subtle, obscured details in the shadow areas.” At first, Lin Mo rejected the proposal disdainfully, deeming any digital integration a betrayal of traditional craftsmanship integrity. But after repeated cautious trials, he was stunned by the perfect blend of soft film grain and vivid, complete details. This sudden epiphany made him completely abandon his long-held rigid mindset. He finally comprehended that genuine craft inheritance is never blind conservatism or total rejection of novelty. Instead, it means holding fast to the core sincerity of manual creation while embracing moderate, rational innovation. It is this delicate balance that endows ancient traditional crafts with lasting vitality amid the rapid progress of the times. 17．Why does Lin Mo stick to manual film developing at first? A．To cater to young practitioners’ needs. B．To preserve traditional craft’s authenticity. C．To pursue fast work efficiency. D．To gain popularity in the industry. 18．What does the young photographer mean by his words? A．Digital tools will replace film craft entirely. B．Manual work fails to restore photo details. C．Film prints lack warmth compared with digital ones. D．Moderate digital adjustment can complement traditional film work. 19．In paragraph 5, the word “epiphany” is closest in meaning to _________. A．a sudden and powerful realization B．a gradual and careful plan C．a deep sense of regret D．a brief moment of doubt 20．How can Lin Mo be best described? A．Persistent and open-minded. B．Stubborn and reckless. C．Rigid and indifferent. D．Ambitious and humorous. 【答案】17．B 18．D 19．A 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述胶片暗房冲印师林默在数字时代坚守传统手工冲印技艺，后在年轻摄影师建议下尝试融合数字技术，最终领悟技艺传承需坚守核心与理性创新相平衡的故事。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“These rigorous research documents conclude that chemically processed film prints possess unparalleled tonal layers and physical preservation stability, with a service life 30 times longer than ordinary digital printed works, a conclusion that has long solidified his stubborn adherence to pure traditional techniques.(这些严谨的研究文件得出结论：化学处理的胶片打印品拥有无可比拟的色调层次和物理保存稳定性，使用寿命是普通数字打印作品的30倍，这一结论长期以来坚定了他对纯传统工艺的执着坚守。)”以及第四段中“At first, Lin Mo rejected the proposal disdainfully, deeming any digital integration a betrayal of traditional craftsmanship integrity.(林默不屑地拒绝了这一提议，认为任何形式的数字化融合都是对传统工艺完整性的背叛。)”，可知林默最初坚持手工胶片冲印是为了保留传统工艺的真实性。故选B。 18．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“After carefully appreciating the finished prints, the young man spoke earnestly: “Your meticulous manual craftsmanship endows photos with irreplaceable human warmth, yet proper digital tone calibration can retain that warmth while restoring subtle, obscured details in the shadow areas.””(年轻人仔细欣赏完成品照片后，认真地说道：“你细致的手工技艺赋予照片无可替代的人文温度，而适当的数字色调校准既能保留这份温度，又能还原阴影区域里细微、模糊的细节”)”可推知，年轻人的意思是适度的数字调整可以弥补传统胶片作品的不足。故选D。 19．词义猜测题。根据第五段“This sudden epiphany made him completely abandon his long-held rigid mindset. He finally comprehended that genuine craft inheritance is never blind conservatism or total rejection of novelty.(这种突然的____使他完全摒弃了长期以来僵化的思维模式。他最终领悟到，真正的工艺传承绝不是盲目保守或完全排斥新奇事物。）” 可知，他最终领悟到，真正的工艺传承绝不是盲目保守或完全排斥新奇事物。所以“epiphany” 指的是突然的领悟。故选A。 20．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“These rigorous research documents conclude that chemically processed film prints possess unparalleled tonal layers and physical preservation stability, with a service life 30 times longer than ordinary digital printed works, a conclusion that has long solidified his stubborn adherence to pure traditional techniques.(这些严谨的研究文件得出结论：经化学工艺处理的胶片印品拥有无可比拟的色调层次与实物保存稳定性，使用寿命是普通数码打印作品的 30 倍，这一结论长期以来坚定了他对纯粹传统工艺的执着坚守。)”和第五段中“This sudden epiphany made him completely abandon his long-held rigid mindset. He finally comprehended that genuine craft inheritance is never blind conservatism or total rejection of novelty.(这番突如其来的顿悟让他彻底摒弃了长期固守的刻板观念。他终于明白，真正的技艺传承从来都不是盲目守旧，也不是全然排斥新事物。)”，可知林默既坚持传统工艺，又能放下固有观念、接受新方法，体现出执着且虚心、思想开明的特点。故选A。 06（2026·湖北荆州·二模）It was December 22, 1987, when the doctor explained he was going to have to amputate (截肢) my right leg before the aggressive cancer moved to my lungs. The doctor wanted me to do the surgery before Christmas. I calmly asked him if he could guarantee me another Christmas. He shook his head sadly. I smiled, “Well, my three-year-old is expecting Mommy to be there on Christmas morning to open presents with him. And I want one more night of dancing on two legs with my husband. I’ve checked my calendar, and I’m free on January 6th. Will that work for you?” His mouth opened, but no words came out. Finally, he nodded, “I’ll make that work.” One day, after the surgery, I made my way to a store on my crutches (拐杖). I wandered around for a while before deciding to leave. When I tried to push open the door to head back, nothing happened. The door was too heavy. Seriously? This is what my life on one leg is going to be like? Now, I can’t even open a door for myself? Then, a man appeared behind me. In a voice that was both soft and strong, he asked if he could help me with the door. In that moment, I had a choice. I could have refused his help and insisted I could do it myself, which was a lie. Or I could do what I did, which was to look up at him with gratitude and say, “Yes, please.” He smiled down at me, and with one hand, he pushed it open for me. With relief beyond words, I said a simple “Thank you,” and his reply helped shape my life as an amputee. He said, “You are so very welcome. It is entirely my pleasure.” Up until losing my leg, I had always been the giver. Now, it was my turn to learn to accept help with grace. Anyway, it is impossible to be a gracious giver if someone is not an equally gracious receiver. 21．Why did the author want to put off her surgery? A．To select a special date. B．To finish her previous job. C．To spend a memorable holiday. D．To challenge the doctor’s work. 22．How did the author feel when she couldn’t open the door? A．Upset. B．Frightened. C．Embarrassed. D．Confused. 23．Which of the following words can be used to describe the author? A．Resigned and polite. B．Optimistic and adaptable. C．Brave and independent. D．Determined and emotional. 24．What is the main lesson the author learned from her experience? A．It’s better to give than to receive. B．When one door closes, another opens. C．God helps those who help themselves. D．The hand that receives honors the hand that gives. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者截肢前推迟手术及术后接受帮助，领悟到接受帮助的重要性。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“I calmly asked him if he could guarantee me another Christmas. He shook his head sadly. I smiled, “Well, my three-year-old is expecting Mommy to be there on Christmas morning to open presents with him. And I want one more night of dancing on two legs with my husband.”(我平静地问他能否保证再让我过一个圣诞节。他悲伤地摇摇头。我微笑着说：“嗯，我三岁的孩子正期待着妈妈在圣诞节早上和他一起打开礼物。我还想和丈夫用两条腿再跳一晚的舞。”)”可知，作者想推迟手术是为了和家人度过一个难忘的节日。故选C。 22．推理判断题。根据第三段“When I tried to push open the door to head back, nothing happened. The door was too heavy. Seriously? This is what my life on one leg is going to be like? Now, I can’t even open a door for myself? (当我试图推开门回去时，什么也没发生。门太重了。真的吗？这就是我一条腿的生活吗？现在，我连门都打不开？)”可推知，作者打不开门时心情很沮丧。故选A。 23．推理判断题。根据第二段“I calmly asked him if he could guarantee me another Christmas.(我平静地问他能否保证再让我过一个圣诞节)”以及第四段“Or I could do what I did, which was to look up at him with gratitude and say, “Yes, please.” He smiled down at me, and with one hand, he pushed it open for me. With relief beyond words, I said a simple “Thank you,” and his reply helped shape my life as an amputee.(或者我可以做我所做的，那就是感激地抬头看着他，说：“好的，请。”他朝我微笑着，用一只手为我推开了门。我松了一口气，说了一句简单的“谢谢”，他的回答塑造了我作为截肢者的生活)”可知，作者面对截肢噩耗时冷静地与医生协商，术后从无法开门到学会优雅接受帮助，体现作者是乐观和适应力强的。故选B。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, it was my turn to learn to accept help with grace. Anyway, it is impossible to be a gracious giver if someone is not an equally gracious receiver. (现在，轮到我学会优雅地接受帮助了。无论如何，如果有人不是一个同样优雅的接受者，就不可能成为一个优雅的给予者。)”可知，作者从自己的经历中学到了接受帮助也是对给予者的一种尊重，即“The hand that receives honors the hand that gives. (接受之手尊重给予之手)”。故选D。 07（2026·湖南岳阳·一模）Just before the Spring Festival of 2025, residents of Zhaoquan Village in Tianjin received rice, flour and other daily necessities as gifts. These gifts came from the village’s striving collective economy under the leadership of the young village Party branch headed by 30-year-old Secretary Zhao Rui. After graduating from Tianjin Medical University in 2017, Zhao returned to her hometown to join the rural revitalization drive. “This land is my roots. I want to help it have a brighter future,” she stated. In May 2024, with local government support, Zhao and her team launched Douyin and Kuaishou accounts, aiming to explore new paths for village development through these platforms. They created a video series “100 Simple Acts for the Villagers,” featuring help for left-behind elderly such as teaching them to use smartphones. These videos not only enriched the elderly’s lives but also boosted the village’s popularity, drawing investment to this area. The social media drive brought tangible benefits to the village. Soon after the accounts were established, a forest farm was built, offering family-friendly outdoor activities and creating numerous local jobs. More importantly, the platforms became an effective channel for selling the village’s farm products. With a steady stream of orders coming in, the village’s agricultural product sales business burgeoned, bringing more income to local households. Last September, Zhao’s videos showing local grapes’ growth and their sweet taste drew wholesalers’ attention, helping sell 35,000 kilograms successfully. Zhao also provided assistance to nearby villages in need. When a young woman from a neighboring village sought help with unsold apricots (杏). Zhao’s team responded quickly, making and releasing a promotion video the same day. This helped the family sell all their extra apricots. Reflecting on her work, Zhao noted, “Social media is a strong tool for rural development. Though I’m just an ordinary person, I want to do my best to help my hometown.” 25．Why did Zhao Rui return to her hometown after graduation? A．To take part in rural renewal efforts. B．To pursue a bright future for herself. C．To get support from local government. D．To take charge of the village Party branch. 26．What can we learn about the video series “100 Simple Acts for the Villagers”? A．It was launched by local government. B．It focused on promoting new products. C．It helped bring in funds for the village. D．It aimed at giving lessons to the elderly. 27．What does the underlined word “burgeoned” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Survived luckily. B．Recovered quickly. C．Reduced slightly. D．Developed rapidly. 28．Which of the following words best describe Zhao Rui according to the passage? A．Motivated and cautious. B．Ambitious but stubborn. C．Innovative and responsible. D．Caring but inexperienced. 【答案】25．A 26．C 27．D 28．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了大学生赵蕊毕业返乡，投身乡村振兴，借短视频平台带动本村发展、帮扶邻村，以新媒体赋能乡村建设的事迹。 25．细节理解题。根据第一段“Zhao returned to her hometown to join the rural revitalization drive.(赵回到了她的家乡，投身于乡村振兴的事业中)”可知，赵蕊毕业后返乡的目的旨在投身乡村振兴事业。故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据第二段“These videos not only enriched the elderly’s lives but also boosted the village’s popularity, drawing investment to this area.(这些视频不仅丰富了老年人的日常生活，还提升了这个村庄的知名度，从而吸引了对这里的投资)”可知，账号提高了村子的知名度，为当地吸引了投资。故选C。 27．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“With a steady stream of orders coming in(随着源源不断的订单不断涌来)”和后文“helping sell 35,000 kilograms successfully(成功销售了35000千克)”可知，订单的纷至沓和成功售出35000千克这些细节信息，来我们可以推断当地的农产品销售快速发展。故划线词意思是“快速发展”。故选D。 28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Zhao returned to her hometown to join the rural revitalization drive.(赵回到了她的家乡，投身于乡村振兴的事业中)”以及第二段“In May 2024, with local government support, Zhao and her team launched Douyin and Kuaishou accounts, aiming to explore new paths for village development through these platforms.( 2024年5月，在当地政府的支持下，赵女士及其团队开设了抖音和快手账号，旨在通过这些平台探索乡村发展的新途径)”可知，从赵蕊带领团队借助短视频账号带动村里的经济发展可以看出她十分的有创新意识。而大学毕业返乡，投入家乡建设以及第四段中帮扶邻里发展等事迹可以体现6赵的责任心。故选C。 08（25-26高三上·湖南长沙·月考）They say that nursing is one of the most sacred professions out there. I think that the saying is more than true. Nurses might be the only individuals on this earth that hold back their own tears to give a smile to others. If you were asked to name history’s greatest nurses, you would almost certainly mention Florence Nightingale, the privileged woman who gave everything to serve the needy of her time. Yet while many remember her as a nurse, few recognize her as the “borderline genius”. Born on May 12, 1820, Florence possessed a once-in-a-generation mind — a polymath who mastered several languages and pioneered statistical concepts still in use today. Her parents were different too. At that time, being female typically destined one for a domestic life of knitting, but her immensely wealthy father was really dedicated to the education of his two daughters. On February 5, 1837, the teenage Florence declared that God had commanded her to end suffering in this world and this was when she joined nursing. Both parents objected fiercely; even her liberal father refused to accept it. Nursing wasn’t then a respected profession. For over twelve years, Florence persisted, unable to sway them. Only when she turned thirty, her father exhausted by resistance, did he finally send her to Germany for formal nursing training. Her defining moment came in the Crimean War. Leading 38 nurses to a British military hospital, she faced cold rejection from doctors unwilling to work with women. Yet through steady determination, her team introduced cleanliness, care, and hope — reducing the death rate dramatically. Nightingale was known for carrying a lamp and checking on the soldiers at night, and that is how she earned herself the title of “the Lady with the Lamp”. Though she passed away in 1910, her spirit endures through International Nurses Day and the Florence Nightingale Medal, honoring caregivers worldwide long after her death. 29．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To reflect nurses’ emotional challenges. B．To introduce the topic by praising nurses. C．To show the evolution of nursing. D．To compare nursing with other professions. 30．What do we know about Florence’s early experience? A．She pursued nursing following God’s calling. B．She showed early talent in medicine. C．Her parents opposed education for daughters. D．She trained, to be a nurse in England. 31．Why did Florence gain the name “the Lady with the Lamp”? A．For tending to soldiers at night with a lamp. B．For lighting up hospital rooms. C．For guiding others with a lamp in emergencies. D．For using a lamp during surgery. 32．Which of the following can best describe Florence? A．Influential and honest. B．Legendary and easygoing. C．Humorous and innovative. D．Intelligent and determined. 【答案】29．B 30．A 31．A 32．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了护理先驱南丁格尔的生平。她虽出身优渥且极具才智，但为了遵从神召，克服家庭阻力投身护理，在克里米亚战争中通过改善卫生条件挽救生命，被誉为“提灯女神”。 29．推理判断题。根据第一段“They say that nursing is one of the most sacred professions out there. I think that the saying is more than true. Nurses might be the only individuals on this earth that hold back their own tears to give a smile to others.(他们说护理工作是世上最神圣的职业之一。我认为这种说法非常正确。护士可能是这个世界上唯一能够强忍住自己的泪水，却还能向他人展露笑容的人)”可知，第一段的主要目的是通过赞扬护士来引入文章话题。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段“On February 5, 1837, the teenage Florence declared that God had commanded her to end suffering in this world and this was when she joined nursing.( 1837年2月5日，十几岁的弗洛伦斯宣称上帝命令她终结这个世界上的痛苦，也正是从那时起，她投身于护理事业)”可知，弗洛伦斯早期是受上帝的召唤而投身护理事业的。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Nightingale was known for carrying a lamp and checking on the soldiers at night, and that is how she earned herself the title of “the Lady with the Lamp”.(南丁格尔因夜间手持灯盏巡视士兵而闻名，也正是由于这一事迹，她才获得了“提灯女神”的称号)”可知，弗洛伦斯被称为“提灯女神”是因为她曾在夜间为士兵们照明护理。故选A。 32．推理判断题。根据第三段“Born on May 12, 1820, Florence possessed a once-in-a-generation mind — a polymath who mastered several languages and pioneered statistical concepts still in use today.(弗洛伦斯于1820年5月12日出生，她拥有独一无二的非凡才智——一位多才多艺的学者，精通多种语言，并开创了至今仍在使用的统计学概念)”以及第四段“For over twelve years, Florence persisted, unable to sway them.(整整十二年里，弗洛伦斯一直坚持着，却始终未能说服他们)”可知，弗洛伦斯智慧且坚毅。故选D。 09（2026·河北承德·一模）At the age of 1 year and 152 days, Ace-Liam Nana Sam Ankrah from Ghana was the world’s youngest male artist. His mother Chantelle, also an artist, discovered his passion when he was just 6 months old. While learning to crawl, she gave him paint on a canvas to keep him busy — and he created his first artwork, The Crawl. Since then, Ace-Liam has gained attention from the media and even Ghana’s First Lady. “He has created a natural conversation about art appreciation and nurturing (培育) talent in kids,” the First Lady said. He has made over 20 paintings and participated in his first group exhibition, where nine of his ten displayed works were sold. Ace-Liam loves the feel of paint, bright colors, and expressing himself freely. “It’s a fun and creative outlet,” his mother explained. He often asks to paint, and his abstract works are inspired by colors, shapes, textures, and his mood. “Every painting shows his curiosity and joy,” Chantelle added. His painting sessions are natural. He chooses the canvas and colors, asks for help opening paint bottles, and then paints carefully but freely. A session can last from minutes to half an hour. Sometimes he returns days later to finish. When done, he says, “Mama finish.” After his record was confirmed, his family began looking for opportunities to nurture his talent through quality education and international exposure. Chantelle advises parents to encourage children’s interests early: “Every child is unique, and nurturing their passions can lead to amazing achievements.” For anyone aiming for a world record, she stresses the importance of following the rules carefully: “Read them over and over. The journey itself is fulfilling.” Ace-Liam’s artistic future looks bright, and many are excited to see what he creates next. 33．What is the primary significance of Ace-Liam’s story according to the First Lady? A．It proves the value of strict discipline. B．It shows the importance of winning awards. C．It highlights the commercial value of child art. D．It inspires discussion on developing young talent. 34．Which of the following best describes Ace-Liam’s creative process? A．Planned and structured. B．Hesitant and repetitive. C．Emotional and unrestricted. D．Interactive and social. 35．What does Chantelle expect other parents to do? A．Set clear goals for children early. B．Support children’s natural interests. C．Compare children’s progress with others. D．Prepare children for professional courses. 36．What does the author think of Ace-Liam’s future? A．Uncertain. B．Promising. C．Challenging. D．Stressful. 【答案】33．D 34．C 35．B 36．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述加纳幼儿 Ace-Liam 成为全球最年轻男性艺术家，创作自由随性，作品广受认可；其母亲倡导家长呵护孩子兴趣，他的未来备受期待。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段““He has created a natural conversation about art appreciation and nurturing (培育) talent in kids,” the First Lady said.(第一夫人说：“他自然而然地引发了一场关于艺术欣赏以及培育儿童天赋的讨论。”)”可知，这个故事的重要意义在于激发了关于培养儿童天赋的讨论。故选D项。 34．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ace-Liam loves the feel of paint, bright colors, and expressing himself freely.(Ace-Liam喜欢颜料的触感、鲜艳的色彩，并自由地表达自己。)”和第四段“He chooses the canvas and colors, asks for help opening paint bottles, and then paints carefully but freely.(他挑选画布和颜料，请求帮忙打开颜料瓶，然后认真而又随性地作画。)”可知，他的创作过程感性且不受拘束。故选C项。 35．细节理解题。根据第五段“Chantelle advises parents to encourage children’s interests early: “Every child is unique, and nurturing their passions can lead to amazing achievements.”(Chantelle建议家长尽早鼓励孩子的兴趣：“每个孩子都是独一无二的，培养他们的热爱能带来惊人的成就。”)”可知，她希望其他家长支持孩子天生的兴趣。故选B项。 36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ace-Liam’s artistic future looks bright, and many are excited to see what he creates next.(Ace-Liam的艺术未来看起来一片光明，许多人都很期待他接下来的创作。)”可知，作者认为Ace-Liam的未来充满希望。故选B项。 10（25-26高三上·河北沧州·月考）Just a few years ago, Marilyn Schlossbach was sitting at the top of the Jersey Shore food chain. Her wildly popular restaurant Langosta Lounge had been a driving force in the town’s renewal. She owned the Salt Water Market, Asbury Park Yacht Club and Pop’s Garage. Labrador Lounge, which she’d opened in Normandy in 2005, was always packed, too. She seemed to have the Midas touch (点金术). But things were not as they seemed. She was deep in debt. The borrowing had started with a million-dollar loan to reconstruct after Hurricane Sandy. With high rents, low profits and the seasonality of the restaurant business, she couldn’t get ahead. The profits were so slim that it seemed like a choice between lowering the food quality or making money. “To create the kind of food we wanted, with quality service and labor, we were borrowing money all the time,” she says. In 2023, she sold Labrador Lounge and set her sights on Long Branch, which she calls the “last undeveloped coastal area around here.” She teamed up with Preston Casertano on the Whitechapel Projects, which she calls a “cultural, public center for food, drink, arts and entertainment” in the Lower Broadway area. Buzz (人气) is building, but it’s been harder than anticipated. “We have no foot traffic,” she says. “We are literally 200 feet from Pier Village, but no one leaves there to come over here.” Though facing difficulty, she still sticks to her humanitarian work. She has partnered with the nonprofit Interfaith Neighbors, giving out food every Tuesday, and starting the Kula Café to train young people from the inner cities to work the front of the house in restaurants. But her real passion project is Whitechapel, which she hopes will help turn the Lower Broadway area into an arts district. “Our building is probably one of the most art-driven spaces at the Jersey Shore,” she says. “We can be a power for change in this neighborhood and community,” she says. “That’s the goal I’ve pursued my whole career. I’ve found that cooperation — rather than telling everyone how it will be — works best. This model allows me to achieve that.” 37．What was the initial cause of Schlossbach’s heavy debt? A．Poor management. B．Employees’ high salary. C．Investment in rebuilding. D．Rising price after hurricane. 38．What challenge did Schlossbach meet in the Whitechapel Projects? A．Lack of fund. B．Fewer visitors. C．No partners. D．Low food quality. 39．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph most likely refer to? A．The cooperative working style. B．The act of giving orders. C．The process of sharing ideas. D．The goal of driving community change. 40．Which words best describe Marilyn Schlossbach? A．Optimistic and humble. B．Responsible and humorous. C．Ambitious and inspiring. D．Adaptable and straightforward. 【答案】41．C 42．B 43．D 44．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了餐饮界知名人士玛丽莲·施洛斯巴赫的职业起伏经历，展现了她在困境中的韧性与使命感。 41．细节理解题。根据第二段“The borrowing had started with a million-dollar loan to reconstruct after Hurricane Sandy. (借款始于飓风桑迪后的一笔百万美元重建贷款。)”可知，施洛斯巴赫巨额债务的最初原因是用于飓风后的重建投资。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据第三段“Buzz (人气) is building, but it’s been harder than anticipated. ‘We have no foot traffic,’ she says. ‘We are literally 200 feet from Pier Village, but no one leaves there to come over here.’ (人气正在积累，但过程比预期更艰难。‘我们没有客流量，’她说，‘我们离码头村实际上只有200英尺，但没人从那里过来。’)”可知，白教堂项目面临的挑战是客流量少。故选B。 43．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“‘We can be a power for change in this neighborhood and community,’ she says. ‘That’s the goal I’ve pursued my whole career. I’ve found that cooperation — rather than telling everyone how it will be — works best. This model allows me to achieve that.’ (‘我们可以成为这个社区变革的力量，’她说，‘这是我整个职业 生涯都在追求的目标。我发现合作——而不是告诉每个人该怎么做——效果最好。这种模式让我能够实现这一点。’)”可知，“that”指代前文提到的核心目标——“成为社区变革的力量”。故选D。 44．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第三段施洛斯巴赫在负债后出售餐厅、转型与合作伙伴推出 “白教堂项目”，并在第五段提到希望该项目将区域打造成艺术区，可见她虽经历事业低谷仍积极转型、追求变革，体现了 “雄心勃勃（ambitious）”；根据第四段她坚持人道主义工作（与非营利组织合作分发食物、开设咖啡馆培训青年），以及第六段强调以合作模式推动社区变革，展现了 “鼓舞人心（inspiring）” 的特质。故选C。 第二部分：事件评价题专练10篇 01（2025·陕西·模拟预测）As a child, Brian Fisher dreamed of becoming a botanist. While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. Soon, Fisher set himself the goal of identifying every species of ant in the world, and he aims to construct a tree of ant species. Fisher, along with his team, has already succeeded in identifying a complete subfamily of ants. It was his ant species tree that led Fisher to Madagascar, an island off the coast of Africa. During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. Yet his work in that region has extended far beyond the study of ants. “You cannot preserve a forest when the people living nearby are hungry,” he states, so he sought out methods to assist those individuals. He developed a new method for farming eatable insects, which he then taught to the people of Madagascar. Fisher understands what is required to build a career in the field of science. “To survive as a scientist,” he explains, “you must be motivated, driven, and fully focused.” He also emphasizes that being a good writer is essential, as it allows you to “share your story in an engaging way that will make people want to read your work.” Once Fisher’s species tree is fully completed, it may unlock an entirely new world of ant research. However, two major challenges stand in the way: climate change and human intervention. How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. 1．What initially contributed to Fisher’s changing his career? A．His childhood dream of saving ants. B．The aim of creating an ant species tree. C．His experience of studying plants. D．The ant scientist’s encouragement. 2．Which word best describes Fisher’s journey in Madagascar? A．Eventful. B．Debatable. C．Unsuccessful. D．Costly. 3．What does Fisher infer to do? A．Focus on scientific writing. B．Protect the natural ecology. C．Improve farming techniques. D．Learn about ant species’ habitats. 4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To promote Fisher’s ant species tree. B．To explain Fisher’s research methods. C．To introduce Fisher’s career philosophy. D．To outline Fisher’s ant research and contributions. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了昆虫学家费舍尔的蚂蚁研究经历、贡献以及面临的挑战。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. (在植物学之旅中，费舍尔开始询问他在研究的植物上发现的蚂蚁的问题。由于其他植物学家无法识别这些蚂蚁，费舍尔联系了一位蚂蚁科学家以获取更多知识。然后他成为了一名昆虫学家，或者是一名研究昆虫的科学家。)”可知，费希尔在植物学研究过程中对蚂蚁产生疑问并寻求专业知识，进而改变职业成为昆虫学家，因此研究植物的经历是他职业转变的最初诱因。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. (在马达加斯加为期六个月的雨季进行研究期间——这是观察蚂蚁的理想时期——他忍受了严重的疾病，他和他的团队面临着频繁的暴雨、断桥、崎岖的道路以及将汽车从泥泞中推出等挑战。)”可知，费舍尔在马达加斯加的研究之旅充满了事件和挑战，可以用“多事的”来形容。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, two major challenges stand in the way: climate change and human intervention. How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. (然而，有两个主要挑战：气候变化和人类干预。如果蚂蚁的自然栖息地正在消失，我们如何研究它们？费舍尔希望他能激发人们对地球生物多样性重要性的兴趣。)”可知，费舍尔暗示要保护自然生态，因为蚂蚁的自然栖息地正在消失，这对研究蚂蚁构成了挑战。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段和最后一段，文章主要介绍了费舍尔的蚂蚁研究经历、贡献以及面临的挑战。文章详细描述了费舍尔如何从植物学家转变为昆虫学家，他在马达加斯加的研究之旅，以及他如何通过教授当地人养殖可食用昆虫来帮助他们。最后，文章还提到了费舍尔对未来蚂蚁研究的期望和面临的挑战。因此，作者的主要目的是概述费舍尔的蚂蚁研究和贡献。故选D项。 02（2026·山东枣庄·二模）In 1978, eight-year-old David Chiem and his family left Vietnam and arrived in Australia. He didn’t speak a word of English when he started school, but he picked it up quickly and topped his class that same year. At 14, Chiem starred in the Australian TV series Butterfly Island, becoming the first Asian-Australian to land a lead role on mainstream television. He became interested in acting and film-making and decided to study them — little knowing this would one day lead him to create an education empire. While learning film-making, Chiem realized something important: teachers often told students what to learn, but never how to learn. He wondered why so many kids struggled in school. He thought it might be because lessons didn’t truly interest them. He asked himself, “Instead of memorizing facts, why not teach children how to learn and help them become lifelong learners who love learning?” In 1998, Chiem started a research center in Sydney. He brought together experts in education, psychology, and brain science to develop the “3-Mind” learning model: the Champion Mind (never giving up), the Learning Mind (knowing how to learn), and the Creative Mind (coming up with new ideas). This approach helps children face challenges with curiosity and confidence. The first MindChamps preschool opened in Singapore in 2008 and was so popular that parents waited three months for a spot. Today, MindChamps has 39 preschools in Singapore and 81 across Australia, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Perhaps the greatest sign of success: over 70% of its franchisees (特许经营人) are parents of children who attend MindChamps schools. That’s real belief in a better way to learn. 5．What can we learn about David Chiem from the first two paragraphs? A．He had difficulty in learning English. B．He became a TV star quite by chance. C．His acting career inspired later business. D．He made the move for better education. 6．What did Chiem see as the main problem with traditional education? A．Children struggled in school. B．It stressed memorizing facts. C．Lessons were not challenging. D．It didn’t teach learning methods. 7．Which of the following best describe Chiem’s “3-Mind” model? A．Impractical. B．Demanding. C．Debatable. D．Innovative. 8．What does the high percentage of parents franchisees show? A．Parents have faith in the model. B．The schools are expanding quickly. C．Parents excel at making money. D．The model is favored by children. 【答案】5．C 6．D 7．D 8．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大卫·奇姆的经历。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段“At 14, Chiem starred in the Australian TV series Butterfly Island, becoming the first Asian - Australian to land a lead role on mainstream television. He became interested in acting and film - making and decided to study them—little knowing this would one day lead him to create an education empire.(14岁时，奇姆主演了澳大利亚电视剧《蝴蝶岛》，成为首位在主流电视节目中担任主角的亚裔澳大利亚人。他对表演和电影制作产生了兴趣并决定学习这些——他当时不知道这有一天会引领他创建一个教育帝国)”可知，他的演艺经历激发了他后来在教育领域的商业活动，故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“While learning film-making, Chiem realized something important: teachers often told students what to learn, but never how to learn.(在学习电影制作时，奇姆意识到一件重要的事：老师们经常告诉学生学什么，但从不告诉他们怎么学)”可知，奇姆认为传统教育的主要问题是不教授学习方法，故选D项。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段“He brought together experts in education, psychology, and brain science to develop the “3-Mind” learning model: the Champion Mind (never giving up), the Learning Mind (knowing how to learn), and the Creative Mind (coming up with new ideas).(他召集了教育、心理学和脑科学领域的专家，开发出“3 - Mind”学习模式：冠军思维（永不放弃）、学习思维（知道如何学习）和创新思维（提出新想法）)””可知，“3-Mind”学习模式融合多领域知识，提出新的学习理念，具有创新性，故选D项。 8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Perhaps the greatest sign of success: over 70% of its franchisees (特许经营人) are parents of children who attend MindChamps schools. That’s real belief in a better way to learn.(也许最大的成功标志是：超过70%的特许经营人是就读于MindChamps学校孩子的家长。这是对一种更好学习方式的真正信任)”可知，高比例的家长成为特许经营人表明家长对这种模式有信心，故选A项。 31（25-26高三下·山东济南·月考）At an altitude over 4,500 meters in Burang County, Ngari Prefecture, Southwest China’s Xizang Autonomous Region, lies Mapam Yumco Lake. For over a decade, 42-year-old Dradul has dedicated himself to protecting the wetland around this precious lake as an ecosystem guardian. Before becoming a guardian, he struggled with temporary jobs and hoped for a steady salary. Now, he earns a stable monthly income of 2,000 yuan and comes to feel a deep sense of purpose. “Protecting this lake makes me proud. It’s not just work — it’s about preserving it for future generations,” he said. Dradul’s workday begins early. He patrols (巡查) a fixed 10-kilometer route by motorcycle, with duties including observing the reserve, recording data, and addressing ecological threats. Last February, he and his team rescued a wing-broken eagle, sending it to a rescue center until it recovered. This July, they spent 20 minutes pulling a trapped wild out of a mudflat with ropes. Educating visitors is another core task. Dradul reminds tourists not to litter, drive on delicate grasslands, or leave waste. “In the past, the wetland was full of garbage and had fewer wild animals,” Dradul recalled. Today, the wetland is home to 411 plant species and 157 wildlife species—a remarkable level of biodiversity for such a high-altitude area. Yet, the work is far from easy. Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland degradation. Human activities also continue — some visitors still litter, bathe, or wash cars in the lake. With nearly 99,000 hectares (公顷) of wetland and only 90 guardians, remote areas can’t be patrolled daily. Despite these difficulties, Dradul remains hopeful. He dreams of Mapam Yumco Lake staying pure forever. “This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations,” he emphasized. 9．What’s the original purpose of Dradul to work as a guardian? A．To earn a stable income. B．To help animals in need. C．To protect a precious wetland. D．To seek a sense of purpose. 10．Which of the following can best describe Dradul’s job? A．Well-paid but dangerous. B．Relaxing and effective. C．Challenging but worthwhile. D．Flexible and professional. 11．What does the underlined word “degradation” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Improvement. B．Expansion. C．Decline. D．Stability. 12．What can we learn from Dradul? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．Chance favors the prepared mind. D．Small efforts make a big difference. 【答案】9．A 10．C 11．C 12．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了西藏自治区普兰县玛旁雍错湖畔的生态守护者Dradul，十余年来坚守在海拔4500米以上的湿地保护区，克服艰难环境，通过日常巡查、救助动物、教育游客等行动守护生态平衡的故事。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Before becoming a guardian, he struggled with temporary jobs and hoped for a steady salary.(在成为守护者之前，他靠打零工度日，期盼能拥有一份稳定的收入)”可知，Dradul最初选择担任生态守护者，是为了获得稳定收入。故选A项。 10．推理判断题。根据原文第三段“Last February, he and his team rescued a wing-broken eagle, sending it to a rescue center until it recovered. This July, they spent 20 minutes pulling a trapped wild out of a mudflat with ropes. Educating visitors is another core task. Dradul reminds tourists not to litter, drive on delicate grasslands, or leave waste. “In the past, the wetland was full of garbage and had fewer wild animals,” Dradul recalled. Today, the wetland is home to 411 plant species and 157 wildlife species — a remarkable level of biodiversity for such a high-altitude area(去年二月，他和团队救助了一只翅膀受伤的鹰，并将其送往救助中心，直至它康复。今年七月，他们又花了20分钟，用绳索将一只被困的野生动物从泥滩中拉了出来。向游客开展宣传教育是另一项核心任务。Dradul提醒游客不要乱扔垃圾、不要在脆弱的草原上驾车行驶，也不要遗留废弃物。“过去，这片湿地垃圾遍地，野生动物也寥寥无几，”Dradul回忆道。如今，这片湿地孕育着411种植物和157种野生动物——对于如此高海拔的地区而言，这堪称卓越的生物多样性水平)”可知，Dradul在工作中救助野生动物，并提醒游客的不文明行为，由于他的工作，如今湿地孕育着411种植物和157种野生动物，可推理出这份工作极具价值与意义。再根据第四段“Yet, the work is far from easy. Climate change is a major threat...With nearly 99,000 hectares of wetland and only 90 guardians, remote areas can’t be patrolled daily.(然而这份工作并不轻松，气候变化、不当人类活动、人员短缺等问题都带来重重困难)”可知，这份工作困难重重，充满挑战。综上可知这份工作充满挑战但十分值得，故选C项。 11．词句猜测题。根据原文第四段“Climate change is a major threat: melting ice and shifting rainfall patterns cause shoreline changes and grassland ….(气候变化是主要威胁：冰川融化与降雨模式改变，造成湖岸线变化以及草地……)”可知，划线词上文提到了冰川融化、降雨模式改变以及湖岸线变化，说的是气候变化的威胁，由此可推理出划线词的含义为“衰退、恶化”，故选C项。 12．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This responsibility, though built on small daily efforts, must be passed down. With sincerity and commitment, even the simplest actions can safeguard the lake’s beauty for generations.(这份责任，虽源于日常点滴的努力，却必须代代传承。只要怀揣真诚与担当，哪怕是最细微的行动，也能守护这湖泊之美，让它永续流传)”可知，文中提到点滴行动也能长久守护湖泊之美，让它永续流传，由此可推理出文章表达了微小努力也能造就巨大改变的道理。故选D项。 04（2026·山东枣庄·一模）Deep in the forests of Uganda, Dr. Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka does something extraordinary: she protects mountain gorillas. For 27 years, she has been working with mountain gorillas, pursuing her dream job, which gave her the title of Uganda’s first wildlife vet. Today, she is standing on the front lines of a growing crisis: climate change. The gorillas’ habitat in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is growing warmer and drier, and water is becoming scarce. “When droughts come,” she explains, “the gorillas will struggle.” Climate change also fuels the spread of infectious diseases, posing severe risks to both local communities and wildlife. Dr. Gladys and her team work closely with village health teams or community health workers who they train to do conservation work. They monitor the gorillas’ health and provide treatment. Each month, they collect fecal (粪便)samples from all 26 habituated gorilla groups, to screen for viruses that could be transmitted from people or livestock. Society does not always encourage women to enter daring — even dangerous — fields; often, it discourages them. “But I did just that,” says Dr. Gladys. When she started, few women worked in conservation. Now, more are joining. “We still have a long way to go,” she says, “but things are changing.” Thanks to her work, mountain gorillas are no longer classified as critically endangered. Their population has risen from about 300 to over 500 since she started. “At times, I feel hopeless,” she admits. “But what keeps me going is knowing that something can be done. Working with gorillas gives me a lot of hope. It really does.” 13．What is a major threat to the survival of mountain gorillas? A．The chaos of war. B．Deforestation. C．Climate change. D．Water pollution. 14．How does Dr. Gladys’ team monitor the health of the mountain gorillas? A．By giving regular physical exams. B．By treating them in local clinics. C．By analyzing their fecal samples. D．By controlling infectious diseases. 15．Which of the following best describes Dr. Gladys’job? A．Challenging. B．Amazing. C．Boring. D．Well-paid. 16．What can we learn about Dr. Gladys’ work from the last paragraph? A．It turns out ineffective. B．It is quite fruitful. C．It lacks official support. D．It is very hopeless. 【答案】13．C 14．C 15．A 16．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌干达首位野生动物兽医格拉迪斯·卡莱马-齐库索卡博士27年来致力于保护山地大猩猩的工作，包括应对气候变化、疾病传播等威胁，以及她的工作成果和对女性参与环保领域的影响。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Today, she is standing on the front lines of a growing crisis: climate change. The gorillas’ habitat in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is growing warmer and drier, and water is becoming scarce. “When droughts come,” she explains,“the gorillas will struggle.”(如今，她正站在一场日益严重的危机的前沿：气候变化。山地大猩猩在布温迪难以穿越国家公园的栖息地正变得越来越温暖干燥，水资源也日益稀缺。“当干旱来临时，”她解释说，“大猩猩将陷入困境。”)”以及第三段中的“Climate change also fuels the spread of infectious diseases, posing severe risks to both local communities and wildlife.(气候变化还加剧了传染病的传播，给当地社区和野生动物都带来了严重风险)”可知，气候变化是山地大猩猩生存的主要威胁。故选C项。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They monitor the gorillas’ health and provide treatment. Each month, they collect fecal (粪便)samples from all 26 habituated gorilla groups, to screen for viruses that could be transmitted from people or livestock.(他们监测大猩猩的健康状况并提供治疗。每个月，他们都会从所有26个习惯化的大猩猩群体中收集粪便样本，以筛查可能从人类或牲畜身上传播的病毒)”可知，格拉迪斯博士的团队通过分析大猩猩的粪便样本来监测它们的健康状况。故选C项。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Deep in the forests of Uganda, Dr. Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka does something extraordinary: she protects mountain gorillas. (在乌干达的森林深处，格拉迪斯·卡莱马-齐库索卡博士做着一件非凡的事：她保护山地大猩猩)”、第二段中的“Today, she is standing on the front lines of a growing crisis: climate change. (如今，她正站在一场日益严重的危机的前沿：气候变化)”、第三段中的“Climate change also fuels the spread of infectious diseases, posing severe risks to both local communities and wildlife.(气候变化还加剧了传染病的传播，给当地社区和野生动物都带来了严重风险)”以及第四段中的“Society does not always encourage women to enter daring — even dangerous — fields; often, it discourages them. ‘But I did just that,’ says Dr. Gladys. When she started, few women worked in conservation.(社会并不总是鼓励女性进入大胆甚至危险的领域；相反，往往会阻碍她们。“但我就是这么做了，”格拉迪斯博士说。她刚开始工作时，从事环保工作的女性很少。)”可知，格拉迪斯博士的工作非凡、需应对气候变化和疾病，且在当时女性参与度极低的背景下开展，因此极具挑战性。故选A项。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thanks to her work, mountain gorillas are no longer classified as critically endangered. Their population has risen from about 300 to over 500 since she started.(由于她的工作，山地大猩猩不再被列为极度濒危物种。自她开始工作以来，它们的数量从大约300只增加到了500多只)”可知，格拉迪斯博士的工作取得了显著成果，富有成效。故选B项。 05（2026·山东济宁·二模）The evolutionary path that led to the rise of modern humans is full of twists and turns, and the latest surprise is that our species likely evolved from two ancestral populations. Scientists have long thought that modern humans emerged from a single hominin (古人类) population in Africa between 300,000 and 200,000 years ago. However, a new study led by Richard Durbin, a geneticist at the University of Cambridge revealed that two groups of hominins split apart around 1.5 million years ago, only to reunite about 1.2 million years later, initiating a genetic mixing event that resulted in the birth of modern humanity. Instead of relying on ancient remains, researchers made use of modern human DNA from the 1,000 Genomes Project. By adding that dataset to a computational algorithm (算法), they produced a structured model that displayed two ancestral populations breaking apart and getting back together in ancient times. “The fact that we can reconstruct events from hundreds of thousands or millions of years ago just by looking at DNA today is astonishing,” said Durbin. The model shows in the years after the split, one of the two groups contracted temporarily. “Immediately after the two ancestral populations split, we see a severe bottleneck in one of them — suggesting it declined to a very small size before slowly growing over a period of one million years,” Durbin said. “This population would later contribute about 80% of the genetic material of modern humans. The second group, meanwhile, contributed around 20% of the genes, many of which are located far away from the functional regions of the genome. As for the identity of these ancestral populations, an element of mystery still remains. The researchers point to Homo erectus and Homo heidelbergensis as possible candidates, but further research is needed. Still, the genetic exchange shaping the modern human genome demonstrates that human evolution has involved splits and reunions. And that’s probably not limited to humans. 17．What is the highlight of the new study? A．It rewrites human origin. B．It compares two populations. C．It maps the human genome. D．It confirms evolution timeline. 18．Which best describes the method of the study? A．Practice-focused. B．Culture-based. C．Theory-guided. D．Data-driven. 19．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．Species evolve in a clear and straight line. B．Genetic exchange may exist in other species. C．The status of the two groups has been identified. D．The two populations contributed equally in genes. 20．What is the best title of the text? A．Our Closest Ancient Cousins. B．An Ancestral Get-Together. C．The Art of Encoding Human DNA． D．The Out-of-Africa Human Journey. 【答案】17．A 18．D 19．B 20．B 【导语】主要介绍一项新研究表明现代人类源自两支古人类族群分化又融合的演化过程，颠覆了单一族群起源的旧观点。 17．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Scientists have long thought that modern humans emerged from a single hominin (古人类) population in Africa between 300,000 and 200,000 years ago. However, a new study led by Richard Durbin, a geneticist at the University of Cambridge revealed that two groups of hominins split apart around 1.5 million years ago, only to reunite about 1.2 million years later, initiating a genetic mixing event that resulted in the birth of modern humanity. (长期以来，科学家一直认为，现代人类起源于三十万至二十万年前非洲的单一古人类种群。然而，剑桥大学遗传学家理查德・德宾主导的一项新研究表明，两类古人类种群约在150万年前分化，又在120万年后重新融合，由此引发的基因交融事件，最终孕育出了现代人类。)”可知，新研究打破人类单一起源的传统观点，重新阐释人类起源。 18．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Instead of relying on ancient remains, researchers made use of modern human DNA from the 1,000 Genomes Project. By adding that dataset to a computational algorithm (算法), they produced a structured model that displayed two ancestral populations breaking apart and getting back together in ancient times.( 研究人员并未依赖古生物遗骸，而是利用了千人基因组计划中的现代人类DNA。通过将该数据集代入运算算法，他们构建出结构化模型，还原了远古时期两个远古族群分化又融合的过程。)”可知，该研究依托数据与算法开展，是以数据为支撑的研究方式。 19．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Still, the genetic exchange shaping the modern human genome demonstrates that human evolution has involved splits and reunions. And that’s probably not limited to humans.( 尽管如此，这场塑造了现代人类基因组的基因交流表明，人类进化历程中一直存在种群的分化与融合，且这种现象可能并非人类独有。)”可知，人类的族群分化融合与基因交流现象，大概率也存在于其他物种当中。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“However, a new study led by Richard Durbin, a geneticist at the University of Cambridge revealed that two groups of hominins split apart around 1.5 million years ago, only to reunite about 1.2 million years later, initiating a genetic mixing event that resulted in the birth of modern humanity. (然而，剑桥大学遗传学家理查德・德宾主导的一项新研究表明，两类古人类种群约在150万年前分化，又在120万年后重新融合，由此引发的基因交融事件，最终孕育出了现代人类。)”可知，文章围绕远古两类古人类族群分裂、重逢融合并孕育现代人类展开，核心是远古祖先族群的汇合交融，因此“An Ancestral Get-Together(远古族群的交融)”最贴合全文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。 06（2026·浙江·二模）I was born in 2010 in the countryside, which may be why I always felt a little out of step with the times. Throughout my childhood, I had never seen tall buildings or had a smartphone. The old computer we had at home was my only window to the online world, which I began exploring at the age of 8. My parents were busy during the day, so surfing the internet was a big deal for me. I always turned off the computer before they got home to let it cool down and hide what I had been doing all day. I feel like the online vibe was much more inclusive back then. I still remember the friendly debates about the various adaptations of Legends of the Condor Heroes. Everyone would share their thoughts and reasons. Just the other day, I saw a similar question on Xiaohongshu, but the discussion quickly turned into heated arguments. Back then, sharing resources for online novels or gaming strategies was common, but now, such requests can easily trigger online debates. My parents loved playing Stephen Chow movies at home, which turned me into a belated fan of these classic 1990s Hong Kong comedies. At the core of his humor lies tragedy, yet his films also taught me simple values: be brave, be resilient, stay optimistic, and never give up on your dreams. To me, Stephen Chow feels like an old friend I’ve known for years — a forever-young legend. I wish I had been born earlier, in that golden era. I’d describe myself as a severe nostalgia (怀旧) addict, especially when it comes to 90s architecture. Just looking at images of those buildings or walking near them brings me a sense of comfort. Though they’ve become relics of the past, nothing is truly forgotten. 21．What can be inferred about the author’s childhood from the first paragraph? A．He had no idea about the online world. B．His life kept pace with the times. C．His parents were too busy to look after him. D．He had limited access to the internet. 22．What does the author mean by saying “the online vibe was much more inclusive back then”? A．More people were willing to share. B．It is easier to reach an agreement. C．Different viewpoints could be respected. D．There were more online platforms. 23．What does the author think of Stephen Chow’s films? A．They only appeal to young people. B．They are tragedies with subtle humor. C．They are difficult to understand today. D．They combine humor with deep meaning. 24．Which of the following best describes the author’s overall tone in the passage? A．Hopeful. B．Emotional. C．Humorous. D．Critical. 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．D 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者的童年经历，表达对过去网络氛围、经典影片和90年代建筑的怀念之情。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Throughout my childhood, I had never seen tall buildings or had a smartphone. The old computer we had at home was my only window to the online world, which I began exploring at the age of 8. My parents were busy during the day, so surfing the internet was a big deal for me. I always turned off the computer before they got home to let it cool down and hide what I had been doing all day.(在我的整个童年时期，我从未见过高楼大厦，也没有智能手机。家里那台旧电脑是我通往网络世界的唯一窗口，我从8岁开始探索网络。父母白天很忙，所以上网对我来说是件大事。我总是在他们回家前关掉电脑，让它冷却下来，掩盖我一整天都在做的事情)”可知，作者童年接触网络的途径十分有限。故选D项。 22．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“I still remember the friendly debates about the various adaptations of Legends of the Condor Heroes. Everyone would share their thoughts and reasons. Just the other day, I saw a similar question on Xiaohongshu, but the discussion quickly turned into heated arguments.(我还记得关于《射雕英雄传》各改编版本的友好讨论。每个人都会分享自己的想法和理由。就在前几天，我在小红书上看到一个类似的问题，但讨论很快变成了激烈的争吵)” 可知，过去网络讨论是友好的，人们可以表达不同观点并互相尊重，而现在容易变成激烈争吵，由此可推测划线部分的句意为“不同的观点能够得到尊重”。故选C项。 23．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At the core of his humor lies tragedy, yet his films also taught me simple values: be brave, be resilient, stay optimistic, and never give up on your dreams.(他的幽默核心是悲剧，然而他的电影也教会了我简单的价值观：勇敢、坚韧、保持乐观，永不放弃梦想)”可知，作者认为周星驰的电影将幽默与深刻内涵相结合。故选D项。 24．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I’d describe myself as a severe nostalgia (怀旧) addict, especially when it comes to 90s architecture. Just looking at images of those buildings or walking near them brings me a sense of comfort.(我会形容自己是一个重度怀旧者，尤其是在90年代的建筑方面。仅仅是看着这些建筑的照片或者在它们附近行走，就会给我带来一种慰藉感)”以及全文多处抒发怀念、感慨的语句可知，作者整体语气充满情感。故选B项。 07（2025·浙江·一模）This spring break, my 12-year-old disabled son rode his first roller coaster. He had so much fun! The roller coaster was the Slinky Dog Dash at Disney’s Hollywood Studios in Orlando, Florida. Disney World is one of the only mainstream amusement parks that will let my son go on rides. He has cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and is unable to sit independently. Because of his disabilities, most parks won’t let him go on their roller coasters. The experience at Disney was special for my son, but also special for the rest of my family of five. Splitting up (分开) is something we encounter daily. My son goes to a special school in a town 20 minutes from our home. There are almost no activities he can enjoy at our local parks and recreation program, and he spends a few afternoons a week in physical treatment. We also divide and conquer when we are out in public. Many buildings have an accessible entrance that is further away, so we split up to avoid dragging everyone around the back. The same goes for hunting for a vacant elevator in a big building or a busy mall. Accessible seating in theaters often only has room for one companion, so we sit in separate rows or further apart from one another. On occasion, an entire building or part of a building is just completely inaccessible, so we split up or pass on an activity we planned to enjoy because we literally can’t get everyone in the door. Many people assume that tending to my son’s day-to-day needs is the hardest part of being his caregiver. But finding resources and places that will include him is the real challenge. Disney World is one of the few, if not the only place, where everyone in my family feels equally important. Now that my son has successfully ridden his first roller coaster, I would love for him to go on the same types of rides at an amusement park in the local community, but I know it’s not an option. For now, anyway, I’m holding our recent experience close to my heart. 25．Why was the experience at Disney special for the author’s son? A．He was permitted to ride a roller coaster. B．It was his first trip to an amusement park. C．He was allowed to go on rides independently. D．It was his first vacation with his entire family. 26．Which of the following best describes Disney World? A．Romantic. B．Popular. C．Inclusive. D．Secure. 27．Why does the author mention theaters in the fifth paragraph? A．To criticize the limited space of theaters. B．To stress the importance of theaters to the disabled. C．To complain about the lack of accessible seating in public. D．To illustrate accessibility barriers in public that separate her family. 28．What does the author find most difficult when caring for her son? A．Managing her son’s daily needs. B．Balancing her son and the rest of her family. C．Finding disability-friendly places and activities. D．Persuading his son to fit into the local community. 【答案】25．A 26．C 27．D 28．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者患有脑瘫的12岁儿子在佛罗里达州奥兰多迪士尼好莱坞影城首次乘坐过山车的经历，同时阐述了残疾孩子家庭日常面临的出行分离困境，以及迪士尼世界对残疾人士的包容性和作者对当地社区有更多无障碍场所的期盼。 25．细节理解题。根据第一段“This spring break, my 12-year-old disabled son rode his first roller coaster. He had so much fun! (今年春假，我12岁的残疾儿子第一次坐过山车。他玩得很开心！)”以及第二段“Disney World is one of the only mainstream amusement parks that will let my son go on rides. He has cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and is unable to sit independently. Because of his disabilities, most parks won’t let him go on their roller coasters. (迪士尼世界是少数几个允许我儿子乘坐游乐设施的主流游乐园之一。他患有脑瘫，无法独立坐稳。由于残疾，大多数游乐园都不让他坐过山车)”可知，作者儿子在迪士尼的经历之所以特别，是因为他被允许乘坐过山车，而这是在其他大多数游乐园无法实现的。故选A项。 26．推理判断题。根据第二段“Disney World is one of the only mainstream amusement parks that will let my son go on rides. He has cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and is unable to sit independently. Because of his disabilities, most parks won’t let him go on their roller coasters. (迪士尼世界是少数几个允许我儿子乘坐游乐设施的主流游乐园之一。他患有脑瘫，无法独立坐稳。由于残疾，大多数游乐园都不让他坐过山车)”以及倒数第二段“Disney World is one of the few, if not the only place, where everyone in my family feels equally important. (迪士尼世界即使不是唯一，也是少数几个能让我们全家每个人都感到自己同等重要的地方)”可推断，迪士尼世界对残疾人士具有包容性，能够接纳不同身体状况的游客参与游乐活动。故选C项。 27．推理判断题。根据第三段“The experience at Disney was special for my son, but also special for the rest of my family of five. Splitting up (分开) is something we encounter daily. (在迪士尼的经历对我儿子来说很特别，对我们五口之家的其他成员来说也很特别。分离是我们每天都会遇到的事情)”可知，“家人分离”是作者一家日常面临的问题，后文通过列举“建筑物无障碍入口偏远导致分离”“寻找电梯时分离”等例子展开说明，第五段提到“ Accessible seating in theaters often only has room for one companion, so we sit in separate rows or further apart from one another. (剧院的无障碍座位通常只能容纳一名陪同人员，因此我们要么坐在不同排，要么彼此隔得更远。)”，这也是“家人分离”的具体场景之一，目的是举例说明公共场合中因无障碍设施问题导致作者一家不得不分离的障碍，核心是通过剧院的例子佐证家庭分离的困境。故选D项。 28．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Many people assume that tending to my son’s day-to-day needs is the hardest part of being his caregiver. But finding resources and places that will include him is the real challenge. (很多人认为，照顾儿子的日常需求是作为看护者最困难的部分。但找到能接纳他的资源和场所才是真正的挑战)”可知，作者认为照顾儿子过程中最困难的是寻找对残疾人友好的场所和活动。故选C项。 08（2024·浙江宁波·模拟预测）All I had to do for the small sum of money was to take care of the old man in the neighborhood for a few hours every day. It was a peaceful task in a nice house filled with things that were rare in my own home. Caring for him gave me a feeling of achievement. I could use part of the money to buy some books I longed for and also help my family with daily expenses. I wasn’t like those children who had nothing to do but play. I had a role that made me feel important and grown-up. I received kind words and grateful looks from the old man and his family, which made me stand out from just being an ordinary child. In those times, children were not just for fun; they were useful. They could assist the elderly, run errands, and do simple household repairs. But now, it seems children are mainly focused on studies and hobbies. They are pampered and have few real responsibilities. Gradually, I became better at taking care of the old man. I learned how to cook simple meals for him and keep him company in a more engaging way. He started to give me some old but valuable collectibles as a reward. I was excited to have them as they were things I could never afford before. Still, I sometimes felt a bit overworked. But I was reluctant to complain. I knew my parents would tell me to be grateful for the opportunity. One day, when I was talking to my grandfather, I let out my feelings. He then said, “Child, you are doing a good thing. But remember, you are not defined by this job. You have your own life and dreams. The work is just a part of your experience, not the whole of you.” Since then, I have engaged in various activities and tasks, some easy and some difficult. But I have always remembered my grandfather’s words and never let any work overshadow my sense of self or my personal goals. 29．What mainly made the author feel a sense of achievement in taking care of the old man? A．The ability to afford personal hobbies. B．The respect from the old man and his family. C．The opportunity to learn new skills. D．The praise from the neighbors. 30．Which of the following best describes the author’s trait? A．Diligent and ambitious. B．Capable and self-aware. C．Sensitive and obedient. D．Outgoing and helpful. 31．What did the author’s grandfather make him/her understand? A．To focus on personal growth rather than just work. B．To be more patient when dealing with difficulties. C．To value the relationship with the elderly. D．To be brave in asking for a better reward. 32．What is the main message the author wants to convey? A．The importance of family support in personal development. B．The significance of early work experience for children. C．Not to let work define one’s identity and worth. D．The value of helping the elderly in the community. 【答案】29．B 30．B 31．A 32．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者通过照顾邻里的老人获得成就感及人生教训，强调不应让工作定义自我价值的经历。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I received kind words and grateful looks from the old man and his family, which made me stand out from just being an ordinary child.( 我从老人和他的家人那里得到了亲切的话语和感激的目光，这让我从一个普通的孩子中脱颖而出。)”以及 “Caring for him gave me a feeling of achievement.( 照顾他给了我一种成就感。)”可知，作者从老人和他的家人那里得到的友善的话语和感激的眼神，让作者有了成就感，觉得自己不再只是一个普通的孩子。所以主要让作者在照顾老人时产生成就感的是来自老人和他家人的尊重。故选B项。 30．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Gradually, I became better at taking care of the old man. I learned how to cook simple meals for him and keep him company in a more engaging way.( 渐渐地，我变得更善于照顾老人了。我学会了如何为他做简单的饭菜，并以一种更有吸引力的方式陪伴他。)”说明作者有能力照顾老人。以及最后一段中“But I have always remembered my grandfather’s words and never let any work overshadow my sense of self or my personal goals.( 但我一直记得祖父的话，从不让任何工作掩盖我的自我意识或个人目标。)”可知，作者能意识到工作只是经历的一部分，不会让工作掩盖自我意识和个人目标，说明作者有自我意识。所以作者的特点是有能力且有自我意识。故选B项。 31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Child, you are doing a good thing. But remember, you are not defined by this job. You have your own life and dreams. The work is just a part of your experience, not the whole of you.( 然后他说：“孩子，你做了一件好事。但请记住，你不是由这份工作来定义的。你有自己的生活和梦想。工作只是你经历的一部分，而不是你的全部。”)”可知，爷爷让作者明白不能被这份工作定义，作者有自己的生活和梦想，工作只是经历的一部分，也就是要关注个人成长而不仅仅是工作。故选A项。 32．推理判断题。通读全文以及最后一段“Since then, I have engaged in various activities and tasks, some easy and some difficult. But I have always remembered my grandfather’s words and never let any work overshadow my sense of self or my personal goals.( 从那时起，我从事了各种各样的活动和任务，有些容易，有些困难。但我一直记得祖父的话，从不让任何工作掩盖我的自我意识或个人目标。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者照顾老人的经历以及爷爷的话对作者的影响，作者从爷爷的话中领悟到即不要让任何工作掩盖自我意识和个人目标，也就是不要让工作定义一个人的身份和价值。由此可推知，作者想要传达的主要信息是不要让工作定义一个人的身份和价值。故选C项。 09（2025·浙江·二模）Dr. Aminata Diallo, a 52-year-old Malian engineer, never imagined her childhood chore — carrying water 8km daily — would inspire a revolution. Today, her solar-powered atmospheric water generators (AWGs) relieve the thirst of 300,000 Sahel villagers, earning her the 2023 Rolex Award for Enterprise. Born in drought-stricken Timbuktu, Diallo experienced her “eureka moment” during a sandstorm: “I watched camels lick condensation (冷凝水) off rocks and thought — why can’t humans harvest air’s moisture?” While studying mechanical engineering at MIT, she faced skepticism. “Professors said AWGs were impractical for deserts,” she recalled. Determined, Diallo tested prototypes in her dorm shower’s humidity, often working late into the night to refine her designs. Traditional AWGs required expensive hygroscopic materials. Diallo’s innovation? Treating bamboo fibers with sodium chloride — a technique inspired by Mali’s salt caravans (商队). “Bamboo’s structure mimics camel nostrils (鼻孔) which efficiently take in moisture from the air,” she explained at TEDGlobal 2022. Her $50 portable units now produce 20 liters daily even at 15% humidity, making clean water accessible to remote communities. Diallo’s nonprofit “Jiko Collective” trains women to assemble AWGs, changing traditional gender roles in conservative regíons. “My first workshop had three grandmothers and a nursing mother,” she told The Guardian, “they fit machine parts while watching babies, proving that innovation thrives when everyone contributes.” Since 2020, over 4,000 women have learned these skills, giving clean water to 300,000 people and transforming their communities’ social fabric. When tech giants offered millions for her patent, Diallo refused. “Water belongs to the sky, not shareholders,” she declared. Instead, she open-sourced designs through UNESCO, making them available for worldwide adoption. Critics call it naive, but to this award-winning engineer, every water drop from air shouts, “The sky’s gift belongs to all.” 33．What initially motivated Diallo’s invention? A．Academic pressure at MIT. B．Childhood experiences in Mali. C．Encouragement from professors. D．Inspiration from camel behavior. 34．What does the underlined word “hygroscopic” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A．Water-absorbing. B．Enengy-saving. C．Heat-resistant. D．Cost-effective. 35．Why did Diallo refuse tech companies’ offers? A．To focus on academic research. B．To protect her technical secrets. C．To reduce production costs further. D．To keep designs publicly accessible. 36．Which of the following best describe Diallo’s character? A．Ambitious and profit-driven. B．Competitive and self-centered. C．Observant and socially conscious. D．Conservative and strong-minded. 【答案】33．B 34．A 35．D 36．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马里工程师Aminata Diallo将童年经历转化为创新发明，用太阳能驱动的大气水发生器解决西非萨赫勒地区饮水问题的历程，突出其技术突破、社会影响及公益精神。 33．推理判断题。根据第一段“Dr. Aminata Diallo, a 52-year-old Malian engineer, never imagined her childhood chore — carrying water 8km daily — would inspire a revolution. (马里工程师Aminata Diallo从未想过她的童年日常——每天徒步8公里取水——会引发一场革命。)”以及第二段“Born in drought-stricken Timbuktu, Diallo experienced her “eureka moment” during a sandstorm: “I watched camels lick condensation (冷凝水) off rocks and thought — why can’t humans harvest air’s moisture?” (出生在饱受干旱之苦的廷巴克图，Diallo在一场沙尘暴中经历了她的“顿悟时刻”：“我看到骆驼舔去岩石上的冷凝水，心想——为什么人类不能收集空气中的水分呢？”)”可知，Diallo的童年在马里干旱地区度过，每日长途取水的成长经历是其发明的核心动因和最初动机，并在看到骆驼的行为后，又得到了进一步的启发。因此从最初动机的角度来看，童年在马里的经历符合题意。故选B项。 34．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Traditional AWGs required expensive hygroscopic materials. Diall’s innovation? Treating bamboo fibers with sodium chloride — a technique inspired by Mali’s salt caravans (商队). “Bamboo’s structure mimics camel nostrils (鼻孔) which efficiently take in moisture from the air,” she explained at TEDGlobal 2022. (传统的大气水发生器需要昂贵的hygroscopic材料。Diallo 的创新之处在于？用氯化钠处理竹纤维——这是一种受马里盐商队启发的技术。她在2022年TED全球大会上解释说：“竹子的结构模仿骆驼的鼻孔，能有效地从空气中吸收水分。”)”可知，因为大气水发生器是用来收集空气中水分的，且竹子能从空气中吸收水分，所以这种材料是能吸收水分的。由此可推断hygroscopic意思是“吸水的”，与Water-absorbing表达的意思一致。故选A项。 35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When tech giants offered millions for her patent, Diallo refused. “Water belongs to the sky, not shareholders,” she declared. Instead, she open-sourced designs through UNESCO, making them available for worldwide adoption. (当科技巨头出价数百万购买她的专利时，Diallo拒绝了。她宣称：“水属于天空，而不属于股东。”相反，她通过联合国教科文组织开源了设计，让全世界都能采用)”可知，Diallo强调资源公共属性，拒绝专利私有化，因此拒绝科技公司的出价是为了让她的设计能被公众获取。故选D项。 36．推理判断题。根据第二段“Born in drought-stricken Timbuktu, Diallo experienced her “eureka moment” during a sandstorm: “I watched camels lick condensation (冷凝水) off rocks and thought — why can’t humans harvest air’s moisture?” (出生在饱受干旱之苦的廷巴克图，Diallo在一场沙尘暴中经历了她的“顿悟时刻”：“我看到骆驼舔去岩石上的冷凝水，心想——为什么人类不能收集空气中的水分呢？”)”和第四段“Diallo’s nonprofit “Jiko Collective” trains women to assemble AWGs, changing traditional gender roles in conservative regíons. (Diallo的非营利组织Jiko Collective训练妇女组装大气水发生器，改变了保守地区的传统性别角色)”以及最后一段“Instead, she open-sourced designs through UNESCO, making them available for worldwide adoption. (相反，她通过联合国教科文组织开源了设计，让全世界都能采用)”可知，Diallo能从观察骆驼的行为中获得灵感，并开源设计让更多人受益，还训练妇女，改变传统性别角色，说明她很善于观察且具有社会意识。故选C项。 10（2025·浙江温州·三模）The boat ride from Helsinki’s city center to the island of Pihlajasaari takes only 10 minutes and drops off visitors at beaches for sunbathing. But I had a different mission: to speak to a tree. This was meant to be a healing exercise, one championed by the Finnish biologist Adela Pajunen. Finns, she’d told me, sometimes share their worries aloud to trees or birds. On shore, I spotted a short black alder tree and began to tell the tree my troubles. The leaves rustled (沙沙作响) in response, a sign I interpreted as sympathy. I had come to Finland to see whether I could bring happiness back to America with me. Finland has topped the World Happiness Report for the past eight years, largely due to free education and universal health care. And the Finns also find happiness in more attainable ways, such as their close relationship with nature and visiting the sauna (桑拿) daily. These activities contain similar goals: Stay present and seek a minimalist lifestyle that relies on the earth. I followed their lifestyle — visiting the sauna and taking a relaxing forest walk, and happiness came in waves over the next few days. I was optimistic that I could recreate the happiest moments of this trip back home in New York. How hard could it be, really? As it turned out, happiness was a luxury in America, though I tried hard to live exactly like the Finns. Then one afternoon, I had a breakthrough as I rushed through Central Park and noticed a crowd of people staring at the ground. A cardinal! I stopped to admire the bird’s feather before it flew away. This was a win for staying present. I’d been so stuck trying to find the time and money for happiness that I’d missed the point: Quiet the mind, and find pleasure in small acts and observations — like a cardinal taking flight, or talking to trees — right then and there. As I left the park, I carried out a small but comforting ritual (仪式) I’d developed. I thanked the trees for listening. 37．Why did the author speak to a tree? A．To heal the tree. B．To seek happiness. C．To follow a tradition. D．To appreciate nature. 38．What do we know about the Finnish lifestyle? A．It requires daily sauna visits. B．It values close relationships. C．It is easily adopted elsewhere. D．It focuses on simple pleasures. 39．Why couldn’t the author recreate happy moments back in America? A．She was busy with work. B．It was noisy in New York. C．She forgot to stay present. D．It was expensive to live there. 40．Which of the following best describes the author’s trip to Finland? A．Transformative. B．Challenging. C．Adventurous. D．Unexpected. 【答案】37．B 38．D 39．C 40．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者向芬兰人寻求幸福之道的经历。 37．细节理解题。根据第一段中“But I had a different mission: to speak to a tree.(但我有一个不同的任务：和一棵树说话)”和第三段中“I had come to Finland to see whether I could bring happiness back to America with me.(我来芬兰是想看看能不能把幸福带回美国)”可知，作者对着一棵树说话是为了寻求幸福。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据第三段中“And the Finns also find happiness in more attainable ways, such as their close relationship with nature and visiting the sauna (桑拿) daily. These activities contain similar goals: Stay present and seek a minimalist lifestyle that relies on the earth.(芬兰人也通过更容易获得的方式找到快乐，比如与自然的亲密关系和每天去桑拿房。这些活动都有相似的目标：活在当下，寻求一种依赖地球的极简主义生活方式)”可知，芬兰人的生活方式专注于简单的快乐。故选D。 39．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Then one afternoon, I had a breakthrough as I rushed through Central Park and noticed a crowd of people staring at the ground. A cardinal! I stopped to admire the bird’s feather before it flew away. This was a win for staying present. I’d been so stuck trying to find the time and money for happiness that I’d missed the point: Quiet the mind, and find pleasure in small acts and observations-like a cardinal taking flight, or talking to trees-right then and there.(后来有一天下午，当我冲过中央公园，注意到一群人盯着地面看的时候，我有了一个突破。一只红衣凤头鸟！鸟儿飞走之前，我停下来欣赏它的羽毛。这是活在当下的胜利。我一直在努力寻找时间和金钱来获得快乐，以至于我错过了要点：让心灵平静下来，从微小的行为和观察中寻找幸福——比如红衣凤头鸟在飞翔，或者与树木交谈——就在此时此地)”可知，作者回到美国后很难重现幸福，直到一天下午停下来欣赏一只红衣凤头鸟才顿悟，活在当下才能感到幸福。由此推知，作者回到美国无法重现幸福是因为她忘记了活在当下。故选C。 40．推理判断题。根据第三段中“These activities contain similar goals: Stay present and seek a minimalist lifestyle that relies on the earth.(这些活动都有相似的目标：活在当下，寻求一种依赖地球的极简主义生活方式)”和倒数第二段中“This was a win for staying present. I’d been so stuck trying to find the time and money for happiness that I’d missed the point: Quiet the mind, and find pleasure in small acts and observations — like a cardinal taking flight, or talking to trees — right then and there.(这是活在当下的胜利。我一直在努力寻找时间和金钱来获得快乐，以至于我错过了要点：让心灵平静下来，从微小的行为和观察中寻找快乐——比如红衣风头鸟在飞翔，或者与树木交谈——就在此时此地)”可知，作者回到美国后重现了在芬兰之旅中感悟到的真谛：活在当下才能感受到幸福。由此推知，作者的芬兰之旅改变了她的生活，故选A。 11（2024·河北保定·二模）Since Cynthia Florio was a lifeguard at Tobay Beach in the 1990s, she has watched the ocean approach the shore and draw closer to the dunes (沙丘). It’s what forced Florio, 53, of Massapequa, to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay’s annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蚀). Along with other volunteers, Florio had spent hours with her daughter, Kyra Florio-Marinello, 15, and her daughter’s friend Tatum Brennan, 15, planting the native plants that were intended to absorb water and prepare the sand against heavy wind. But four days later, a storm on Wednesday hit Long Island and washed the new plants away. “The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes,” said Marta Kane, an Oyster Bay spokeswoman. “The dune grass cost the town $32,000.” The event, centered on volunteerism, drew some families whose elders were looking to share a message with a younger generation about the importance of protecting the environment. While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment, for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation. Maria Rizzi, 70, of Massapequa, participated in the planting session with her grandson, Andrew Lepsis, 10. She said she would go back for another event with even more family members. “I’d be willing to do it again,” she said. “I’d even talk the older grand kids into coming.” While the storm swept the new plants away, Florio said Tobay Beach’s appearance aftermath serves as a powerful reminder of the need for more volunteer work on that stretch of sand. “Maybe it will inspire more people to volunteer and understand the need for us to protect our beaches,” Florio said. 41．What is the aim of the dune grass planting event? A．To protect the ocean from being polluted. B．To keep the shoreline in good shape. C．To reduce extreme weather conditions. D．To prevent people playing on the beach. 42．Which can best describe the dune grass planting event? A．Popular but costly. B．Traditional but complex. C．Creative and economical. D．Successful and rewarding. 43．How did Maria Rizzi feel about grass planting? A．Interesting. B．Disappointed. C．Hopeless. D．Motivated. 44．What can be the best title for the text? A．Great Grass Planting B．The Best of the Storm C．Spirit Never Washed Away D．Volunteers Making History Together 【答案】41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，Oyster Bay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。 41．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It’s what forced Florio, 53, of Massapequa, to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay’s annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蚀).(这就是迫使53岁的Florio参加3月30日奥斯特湾镇一年一度的沙丘草种植活动的原因，这是为了帮助稳定海滩沙丘，防止海岸线侵蚀)”可知，沙丘植草活动旨在帮助稳定海滩沙丘，放置海岸线侵蚀，以此保持海岸线的良好的形状，故选B。 42．推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes,’ said Marta Kane, an Oyster Bay spokeswoman. ‘The dune grass cost the town $32,000.’(‘最近的沙丘种植活动吸引了150多名志愿者，他们在2.7英亩的大西洋沙丘上种植了很多东西。’Oyster Bay的女发言人Marta Kane说。‘沙丘草让小镇损失了3.2万美元。’)”对参加该活动的人数和其花费可知，沙丘植草活动受到大家的欢迎和支持，但有点费钱，故选A。 43．推理判断题。根据第三段中“She said she would go back for another event with even more family members. ‘I’d be willing to do it again,’ she said. ‘I’d even talk the older grand kids into coming.’(她说她会和更多的家庭成员一起回去参加另一个活动。‘我愿意再来一次，’她说。‘我甚至会说服大一点的孙子们来。’)”可知，Maria Rizzi对沙丘植草活动充满希望，积极性很高，故选D。 44．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment, for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation.(虽然结果导致了一波失望，但对一些志愿者来说，这伴随着一种新的动力)”可知，为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，Oyster Bay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。C项“从未被冲走的精神”为最佳标题，故选C。 试卷第2页，共45页 试卷第1页，共45页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $