Unit 6 Rain or Shine（知识清单）英语新教材人教版七年级下册

该初中英语Unit 6“Rain or Shine”知识清单系统整合天气主题相关内容，涵盖38个核心词汇、27个重点短语、8个关键句型及语法（现在进行时与一般现在时区别），搭建从基础语言要素到写作应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类梳理（词汇-语法-写作）、对比表格（时态特征对比）及典例练习（知识点配套单选、填空）构建知识体系，如“五个‘变’动词辨析”专栏培养精准表达的语言能力，“写作思路四步法”引导逻辑构建提升思维品质，方便学生自主复习巩固，助力教师高效设计分层教学活动。

Unit 6 Rain or Shine Unit 1 重点词汇 1.affect /ə'fekt/ v．影响 2.dry /drai/ adj.干的；干旱的 3.lightning /'laitniŋ/ n．闪电 4.stormy /'stɔːmi/ adj.有暴风雨(或暴风雪)的 5.north /nɔːθ/ n.北部；北；北方 6.west /west/ n.西部；西；西方 7.south /saʊθ/ n.南部；南；南方 8.east /iːst/ n.东部；东；东方 9.lucky /'lʌki/ adj.运气好的；带来好运的 10.sunbathe /'sʌnbeið/ v. 沐日光浴；晒太阳 11.temperature /'temprətʃə(r)/ n.温度 12.snowman /'snəʊmæn/ n. (pl. snowmen/'snəʊmen/)雪人 13.heavily /'hevili/ adv.大量地；沉重地 14.snowy /'snəʊi/ adj.下雪的；雪白的 15.high /hai/ adv.& adj.高 16.freezing /'friːziŋ/ adj.极冷的；冰冻的 17.tourist /'tʊərist/ n．旅行者；观光客 18.cloud /klaʊd/ n.云；云彩 19.magical /'mædʒikl/ adj.魔法的；神奇的 20.rock /rɒk/ n.岩石 21.rest /rest/ n.休息；剩余部分 22.area /'eəriə/ n.场地；地区 23.although /ɔːl'ðəʊ/ conj.虽然；尽管 24.through /θruː/ prep.穿过；凭借 25.glad /glæd/ adj.高兴的 26.grey /grei/ (AmE gray/grei/ adj.灰色的 27.fog /fɒg/ n.雾 28.ground /graʊnd/ n.地面 29.wet /wet/ adj. 湿的 30.tiring /'taiəriŋ/ adj.令人疲倦的；累人的 31.seem /siːm/ v.似乎； 好像 32.thought /θɔːt/ n.想法 33.mountain /'maʊntən/ n.山；高山 34.end /end/ n.末尾；结束 35.storm /stɔːm/ n.暴风雨；暴风雪 36.pour /pɔː(r)/ v.倾倒；倒出 37.wind /wind/ n.风 38.shout /ʃaʊt/ v.& n．喊叫；呼唤 重点短语 1．rain or shine不论是雨或是晴；不管发生什么事 2．stay in＝be/stay at home待在家里；没有外出 3．water flowers给花浇水 4．lucky you你真幸运 5．some day将来；有朝一日 6．beach volleyball沙滩排球 7．build/make a snowman堆雪人 8．rain heavily下大雨 9．special ice works of art独特的冰艺术品 10. South China华南 11．take photos拍照 12．feel like感觉像 13．look like看起来像  14．at the rest area在休息区 15．make progress取得进展 16．in high spirits情绪高涨；兴高采烈 17．enjoy the experience享受体验 18．because of因为 19．at the top在顶部；在顶端 20．Mount Huangshan黄山 21．Bright Peak光明顶 22．at the end最后；在末尾 23．look out of the window朝窗外望 24．pour down倾盆而下 25．run after追逐 26．do indoor activities做室内活动 27. hide from the rain躲雨 重点句型 1．—What’s the weather like？天气怎么样？  —It’s warm and sunny.天气温暖，阳光明媚。 2．—That's nice! What are you doing at the beach? 那很好！你在海滩干什么？  —I'm sunbathing at the moment! My brother John's here too. 我此刻正在晒日光浴！我哥哥约翰也在这里。  3．We usually stay in when it snows, but now we're building a snowman outside.  下雪的时候我们通常待在家，但现在我们在外面堆雪人。 4．Although the weather is bad, many people here are still in high spirits. 虽然天气不好，但这里许多人仍然精神抖擞。  5．The sun is shining through the clouds！阳光透过云层正照耀着！ 6．Everything looks grey, and you can't see much because of the heavy fog. 一切看起来都是灰色的，因为大雾你看不到太多。 7．I'm tired and hungry, but it feels good to be at the top! 我又累又饿，但在顶端的感觉真好！ 8．It's raining heavily today，and the temperature is around 20°C. 今天下大雨，气温在20摄氏度左右。 语言目标 掌握现在进行时和一般现在时的区别 【知识点1】—What’s the weather like? 天气怎么样？ —It’s warm and sunny. 天气温暖，阳光明媚。 【详解1】What’s the weather like+地点?=How’s the weather in +地点? 意为“天气怎么样？” 其答语为“It’s+表示天气状况的形容词。” 例句：What’s the weather like in Beijing? = How’s the weather in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样？ 【拓展】 ①weather作名词，意为“天气”，是不可数名词，不能与不定冠词a/an连用。 如：I like cold weather.我喜欢寒冷的天气。 ② 注意表示天气的词的词性， 例句：rain v.下雨 n.雨水(不可数名词) adj. rainy多雨的 snow v.下雪 n.雪(不可数名词) adj. snowy下雪的 【典例】 1. — ________ the weather ________ in Beijing? — It's sunny and warm. A. What's; like B. How's; / C. What's; / D. How's; like 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查询问天气的两种句型转换：What's the weather like + 地点? = How's the weather in + 地点?两者意思完全相同，都表示"……的天气怎么样？" 2. — What's the weather like in London? — ________ A. It's in England. B. It's rainy and cold. C. I like it very much. D. It's 8 o'clock. 【答案】B 【解析】问句 "What's the weather like in London?" 询问的是伦敦的天气状况，答语应为 "It's + 表示天气的形容词"。 按括号内单词适当形式填空。 3. — How's the weather in Shanghai? — It's ________ (cloud). You'd better take an umbrella. 【答案】cloudy 【解析】答语结构为 "It's + 天气形容词"，因此需要将名词 cloud（云） 变为形容词 cloudy（多云的）。完整答语：It's cloudy.（天气多云。） 4. — What's the weather like in Harbin in winter? — It's very ________ (snow) and ________ (freeze). The temperature is usually below zero. 【答案】snowy; freezing 【解析】两个空都需要用形容词来描述天气：snow（雪） → 形容词 snowy（下雪的，多雪的）；freeze（结冰，冻结） → 形容词 freezing（极冷的，冰冻的）。 完整答语：It's very snowy and freezing.（天气多雪且极冷。） 【知识点2】 —How’s it your holiday going? 你假期过得怎么样？ —It’s wonderful. 太棒了。 【详解】 How’s it going? 是询问对方近况或事情进展情况的习惯用语，意为“近况如何？事情进展的怎样？”，后面可跟介词短语with sb/sth，可与How is everything?互换。 其答语为：Terrible!(很糟糕)！/Not bad (还不错)/Pretty good (相当不错) /Great!（很好）！ 例句：—How’s it going with Tom’s study? 最近汤姆的学习情况怎么样？ —Not bad. 【典例】 1.— How's it going ________ your new job? — Pretty good. I'm getting used to the new environment. A. for B. to C. with D. about 【答案】C 【解析】How's it going? 意为"近况如何？事情进展得怎样？"，后面可跟介词短语 with sb/sth 来询问某人或某事的进展情况。 2.— ________ — Not bad, thanks. How about you? A. How's the weather? B. How's it going? C. What do you like? D. Where are you going? 【答案】B 【解析】根据答语 "Not bad, thanks. How about you?"（还不错，谢谢。你呢？）可知，问句是在询问对方的近况。B. How's it going? → "近况如何？"，可与 How is everything? 互换，答语常用 Great! / Not bad. / Pretty good. / Terrible! 等，符合语境. 【知识点3】 Wow, lucky you! 哇，你真幸运！ 【详解】lucky 是形容词，意为“运气好的；带来好运的”，在句中可作表语或定语。反义词是unlucky(不幸的)。 例句：She is a lucky girl. 她是个幸运的女孩。 常用搭配： lucky you/me/...你/我/........真幸运 be lucky to do sth. 做某事很幸运 a lucky dog 幸运儿 Lucky day 幸运日 例句：They are lucky to pass the exam. 他们很幸运地通过了考试。 【拓展】luck （名词） 运气 luckily （副词） 幸运地 例句： Good luck! 祝你好运！ Luckily, he arrived on time. 幸运地是，他准时到达了。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1.— I won first prize in the English speech contest! — ________! You must have practiced a lot. A. Lucky you B. You are welcome C. Thanks a lot D. Not at all 【答案】A 【解析】"Lucky you!" 是口语中常用的感叹句，意为"你真幸运！"，用于对他人好运表示羡慕或祝贺。这是一个固定表达，lucky 置于句首，后面直接跟 you，中间无需其他成分。 2. ________, the heavy rain stopped before the outdoor concert began, so we could enjoy the show. A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckily D. Unlucky 【答案】C 【解析】空格位于句首，后面有逗号，修饰整个句子 "the heavy rain stopped..."，需要用副词作状语，表示"幸运的是"。 二、填空题。 3. What ________ (luck) you are! You found the lost ring in such a big park. 【答案】lucky 【解析】句型 "What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词！" 是感叹句结构。此处 you 指人，需要形容词来修饰，表示"多么幸运的一个人"。luck（名词）→ lucky（形容词） 4. ________ (luck), he passed the driving test on his first try. Everyone said he was really ________ (luck). 【答案】Luckily；lucky 【解析】第一空：位于句首，修饰整个句子 "he passed the driving test..."，需用副词作状语 luck（名词）→ lucky（形容词）→ luckily（副词）。注意句首大写：Luckily。 第二空：位于系动词 was 之后，作表语，需用形容词。He was really lucky.（他真的很幸运。） 【知识点4】 Hey, come and visit us some day! 嘿，改天来看我们吧！ 【详解】some day 意为“将来；有朝一日”；也可写作someday, 常用于将来时态中，作时间状语。 例句：He will be successful some day.　有朝一日, 他会成功的。 【拓展】one day意为“某一天”；表示不确定时间的“某一天”，既可指过去也可指未来。指未来时相当于some day。 例句：I’ll be back one/some day.　有朝一日我会回来的。 One day, I met my English teacher in the supermarket.　 有一天, 我在超市遇到了我的英语老师。 【典例】 1.— I'm going to travel around the world ________. — That sounds great! I hope your dream will come true. A. some day B. another day C. every day D. each day 【答案】A 【解析】句中 "I'm going to travel" 是一般将来时结构（be going to），表示未来的计划，答语 "I hope your dream will come true" 也暗示这是对未来的期望，因此用 some day，意为“将来；有朝一日”。 2.你的梦想有朝一日会实现的。 Your dream will come true ________ ________. 【答案】some day/ one day 【解析】some day 或one day，意为“将来；有朝一日”。 【知识点5】 Once the weather turns warm! 一旦天气转暖(，我就去)！ 【详解】 turn 在句中是连系动词，意为“变成”；后常接形容词作表语。 如：turn red 变红 turn 的其他用法： ① 表示“转动；转身；翻转”。 例句：She turned her head to look at me. 她转过头来看我。 Turn left and go along the street.　向左转，然后沿着这条街走。 ② 表示“轮流；依次”。 常用句型：It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。 例句：It's your turn to clean the classroom. 轮到你打扫教室了。 ③ 翻，翻动（书页） turn to 翻到... 例句：Please turn to page 20. 请翻到第20页。 【拓展】 英语中的五个“变” ①become：强调变化的结果，后面一般加名词。意思是变成了，成为了什么。    例句：She became a singer. 她成为了歌手。 ②get：强调变化的过程。后面加形容词/比较级。 例句：Get better！变好了！ ③go：强调不好的变化。从好的变成坏的。 例句：The meat has gone bad. 肉已经变坏了。 ④grow：渐变。强调逐渐变化的过程，如生长、发育（形状大小）变化。 例句：My little brother is growing tall. 我的弟弟长高了。 ⑤turn：强调变化的性质、颜色。 例句：The trees turn green in spring.在春天树变成了绿色。 【典例】 一、单选题。 1. The leaves ________ yellow in autumn, which makes the mountain look like a painting. A. become B. get C. go D. turn 【答案】D 【解析】turn 表示颜色变化，是五个"变"中最常用于颜色变化的词，强调变成某种颜色。 选项分析：A. become → 强调身份、性质、状态的逐渐变化，不常用于颜色；B. get → 强调由坏到好或由好到坏的变化，或天气、温度变化；C. go → 表示向坏的方面变化（go bad/sour/mad），不用于颜色；D. turn → turn yellow/red/green 是固定搭配，表示颜色变化，正确。 2. — You look pale. Are you feeling OK? — I think I'm ________ a cold. I have a sore throat and a runny nose. A. becoming B. getting C. going D. growing 【答案】B 【解析】get a cold 是固定搭配，表示"感冒"，强调逐渐进入某种（常指不好的）状态。 2、 从方框中选择恰当的词，并用其正确形式填空。 turn / become / get / go / grow 1. The milk has ________ sour. Don't drink it. 2. She ________ more and more beautiful as she grows older. 3. It's ________ dark. Let's go home before it rains. 4. The little boy ________ angry when his toy was broken by his sister. 5. With time going by, the village has ________ a popular tourist attraction. 【答案】gone；is becoming / becomes；getting；got / became；become 【解析】1.go sour 是固定搭配，表示"变酸"。go 常用于表示向坏的方面变化。 2.become 强调身份、性质、状态的逐渐变化，后面可接名词或形容词。此处表示"变得越来越漂亮"，强调一种渐进的变化过程。 3.get dark 是固定搭配，表示"天变黑"。get 常用于表示天气、时间、温度等的变化，强调渐进过程。 4.此处表示"变得生气"，get angry 和 become angry 都可以，但 get angry 更口语化、更常用。 5.become 强调身份、性质的变化，后面常接名词。此处"变成一个热门旅游景点"是性质/身份的根本转变，用 become 最恰当。 【知识点6】 In my hometown, the sun rises at around 6 a.m. in summer. 在我的家乡，夏天太阳大约早上六点时升起来。 【详解】 rise为不及物动词，过去式为rose，过去分词为risen。不能用于被动语态。意为＂“上升；升起；起身；起立(此时主语是人)；上涨”以及“(日、月、星等)升起到地平线上” 例句：Prices rise every day in those countries. 在那些国家物价天天上涨。 【拓展】 raise是及物动词，表示“举起”，后面要直接跟宾语。此外，raise还有＂饲养、供养＂的意思。 例句：If you have any questions, raise your hands. 如果你有问题，请举手。 Their family raised a big dog. 他们家养了一条大狗。 【典例】 1. The sun ________ in the east and sets in the west every day. A. is risen B. rises C. rose D. was risen 【答案】B 【解析】A. is risen → 错误！ rise 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态 B. rises → 一般现在时，表示客观真理（太阳东升西落），正确 C. rose → 过去式，虽语法正确，但"太阳东升西落"是客观真理，应用一般现在时 D. was risen → 错误！ 被动语态形式，rise 不能用于被动 2. — What happened to the old man? — He ________ from his seat to give his seat to a pregnant woman. A. was raised B. raised C. was risen D. rose 【答案】D 【解析】A. was raised → raise 的被动语态，但此处表示"自己站起来"，不是"被扶起" B. raised → raise 是及物动词，后面需接宾语（raise one's hand / raise a question），此处无宾语 C. was risen → 错误！ rise 不能用于被动语态 D. rose → rise 的过去式，不及物动词，表示"（自己）站起身"，正确 【知识点7】 Climbing is hard, but we’re making good progress. 爬山是艰难的，但我们正在取得不错的进展。 【详解1】 此处动名词Climbing作主语。动名词是非谓语动词的一种，起名词的作用，同时保留动词的属性，可以带有自己的宾语、状语等。动名词常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，且作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。 例句：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易得多。 【详解2】 make progress意为“取得进步，取得进展”，progress为不可数名词, 意为“进步”。常用短语：make progress in... 在......取得进步/进展。 例句：Study hard and make progress every day.　好好学习,天天向上。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1. ________ too much junk food is bad for your health. A. Eat B. Eats C. Eating D. Ate 【答案】C 【解析】A. Eat → 动词原形，不能作主语 B. Eats → 动词第三人称单数，不能作主语 C. Eating → 动名词，可作主语，表示"吃太多垃圾食品"这一习惯性动作，正确 D. Ate → 过去式，不能作主语 2. — What do you think is the best way to learn English? — I think ________ English movies is very helpful. A. watch B. watches C. watching D. watched 【答案】C 【解析】答语中 I think 后面是宾语从句。宾语从句中 "________ English movies" 作主语，需要名词性成分。 二、完成句子 1. ________ (swim) in the river in summer is one of my favorite hobbies. 【答案】Swimming 【解析】空格位于句首，在句中作主语，需用动名词形式。 swim → swimming（动名词），注意句首字母大写。 2. Her favorite sport is ________ (dance). She practices it every day. 【答案】dancing 【解析】空格位于系动词 is 之后，作表语，需用动名词形式。dance → dancing（动名词），动名词作表语时，表示主语的具体内容或性质。 【知识点8】 Although the weather is bad, many people here are still in high spirits. 尽管天气糟糕，这里的许多人仍旧情绪高涨。 【详解1】although意为“尽管；然而”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though。 注意：although或though不能与but用在同一个句子中。 例句：Although/Though he is young, he knows a lot. 虽然他很年轻，但他懂得很多。 【详解2】in high spirits意为“兴高采烈；情绪高涨”其反义短语为in low spirits情绪低落。 例句：We set out in high spirits.　我们情绪高涨地出发了。 【典例】 1. ________ it was raining heavily, he still went out for a walk without an umbrella. A. Because B. Although C. If D. When 【答案】B 【解析】从句："雨下得很大"（it was raining heavily）主句："他仍然没带伞出去散步"（he still went out for a walk without an umbrella）。"下雨"和"出去散步"是相反/相对的情况，存在转折关系。B. Although → "虽然"，引导让步状语从句，表示转折，正确。 2.— Why didn't you go to school yesterday? — ________ I had a high fever and my mother took me to the hospital. A. Although B. But C. Because D. So 【答案】C 【解析】问句用 Why 提问，询问原因，答语需要说明"没去上学"的原因。C. Because → "因为"，引导原因状语从句，回答 why 的提问，正确。 3.他一直情绪高涨，且面带笑容。 He is always ________ ________ ________ with smiles on his face. 【答案】in high spirits 【解析】略 【知识点9】I don’t think my brother Peter is enjoying the experience very much, so I’m encouraging him. 我认为我哥哥彼得不是很喜欢这次经历，所以我正在鼓励他。 【详解1】 本句中含“I don’t think+肯定陈述句”结构，体现了宾语从句的否定前移现象。宾语从句跟在认为（think），猜想（suppose），不可相信（believe），期待（expect）等动词后，主句时态为一般现在时，且主句主语是第一人称（I, we），变否定句时，要否定主句，而不是从句，我们称之为“否定前移”； 例句：I think you are right. 我认为你是对的。 →I don’t think you are right. 我认为你是不对的。 【详解2】 experience的用法 ① 作动词，意为“经历；体验” 例句：I experienced a lot on the trip.　在这次旅行中我体验了很多。 ②作可数名词，意为“（一次）经历；体验” 例句：I had a similar experience last year. 去年我有过一次相似的经历。 ③作不可数名词，意为“经历; 经验”。可用于短语have experience in/of sth. 意为"在某事上有经验" 例句: He has rich experience in teaching English.　他教英语很有经验。 【典例】 1. I ________ ________ (not think) he ________ (be) right. We need more evidence to prove his idea. 【答案】don't think; is 【解析】主句主语是 I（第一人称），谓语动词是 think，否定要前移到主句：I don't think... 从句仍用肯定形式：he is right（不用 he isn't right）。 完整句子： I don't think he is right.（我认为他是不对的。） 2. — Will Mary come to the party tonight? — I ________ ________ (not believe) she ________ (come). She has to look after her sick mother at home. 【答案】don't believe; will come 【解析】主句主语是 I（第一人称），谓语动词是 believe，根据否定前移规则，否定词 not 要放在主句的 believe 前面：I don't believe...从句仍用肯定形式：she will come（不用 she won't come）。 完整句子： I don't believe she will come.（我相信她不会来。/ 我认为她不会来。） 3.— Working as a volunteer in the hospital taught me a lot. — Yes. ________ is the best teacher. A. Experience B. Experiences C. Experienced D. Experiencing 【答案】A 【解析】句意为"经验是最好的老师"，此处 experience 表示抽象的"经验"概念，"经验"作为抽象概念时，是不可数名词，无复数形式。 【知识点10】 The sun is shining through the clouds! 太阳透过云层光芒四射！ 【详解】 through 在句中意为“穿过”，侧重从事物内部“穿过”，表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等，即头顶有覆盖物。 例句：Don’t throw anything through the window. 不要从窗户扔东西出去。 【拓展】across, through,over, past都有“经过,穿过”的意思，但它们的用法不同。 ①through (从内部)穿过；通过 例句：He went through the forest finally .他终于走出了那遍森林。 ②over (从上方)越过，侧重翻过障碍物（如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等）的另一侧。 例句：He jumped over the wall. 他跳过了墙。 ③across (从表面)横过；穿过， 强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，常与walk，run，go等词连用。如：go/walk across=cross。 例句：Go across the bridge，and you’ll find the park.= Cross the bridge , and you'll find the park. 越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。 ④past(从旁边)经过，侧重从某物旁边经过，意思是“走过某处、经过……”。 例句： He walked past me without saying“Hello”. =He passed me without saying "Hello". 他没打招呼就从我身边走过。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1. Be careful when you walk ________ the street. The traffic is heavy at this time. A. across B. through C. over D. past 【答案】A 【解析】"过马路"是从街道的一边到另一边，从表面穿过，故选A。 2. The thief ran ________ the crowd and disappeared at the corner of the building. A. across B. through C. over D. past 【答案】B 【解析】"小偷穿过人群"是从人群的内部穿过，强调在人群中间穿行。故选B。 3. The plane flew ________ the mountains and we could see the snow on the top clearly. A. across B. through C. over D. past 【答案】C 【解析】"飞机飞过山脉"是从山脉的上方飞过，强调有一定高度的越过。故选C。 4. I walk ________ the post office every morning on my way to school, but I never go inside. A. across B. through C. over D. past 【答案】D 【解析】"我每天早晨路过邮局"是从邮局旁边经过，后半句"但我从不进去"进一步说明只是路过。D. past → walk past the post office（路过邮局），从旁边经过，正确。 【知识点11】 There are many other tourists at this rest area, but they don’t seem tired at all . 在这个休息区还有很多其他游客，但他们似乎根本不累。 【详解】 动词seem的意思是 “似乎，好像” 常用的句型： ① 主语+seem+(to be+) +名词/形容词。说明主语的特征或状态。 例句：You seem (to be) very happy today. 你今天似乎很高兴。 ② 主语 + seem + 动词不定式。 例句：He seems to know everything. 他好像什么都懂。 ③ It seems + that从句。 例句：It seems that it will snow. 看样子天要下雪了。 It seems that... 句型往往可转换为sb. seem to do sth. 例句：It seems that she is sleeping. = She seems to be sleeping. 她好像在睡觉。 ④ seem like...似乎是...... 例句：It seems like a good idea.　它似乎是个不错的主意。 【助记】 seem的用法 　　小小seem有本领，身后跟随名或形； 　　seem to do“似乎做”， It seems后 that从。 【典例】 1.— Why is Tom so upset today? — It ______ that he failed the driving test again. A. looks B. seems C. appears D. happens 【答案】B 【解析】seem 强调根据某种迹象或情况作出的主观推断，常与 it 作形式主语搭配，构成 It seems that... 或 There seems to be...。 look 侧重视觉印象（看起来），主语通常是人或物，如 He looks tired. appear 侧重表面现象，有时暗示实际情况可能相反，如 He appears happy, but he's not. happen 表示“碰巧发生”，常用 It happens that...（碰巧……），语义不符。 2.The new manager ___ very capable, but we still need more time to observe his actual performance. A. is seeming B. seems to be C. seems being D. is seemed to be 【答案】B 【解析】seem是状态动词/连系动词，没有进行时态，seem不用于被动语态。seem to be +名词/形容词。 3.There ______ （seem）no point in arguing with him since he never changes his mind. 【答案】seems 【解析】There seems to be + 名词 是固定结构，表示“似乎有……”。 4.She seemed ______ (know) everything about this project, but in fact she just joined the team last week. 【答案】to know 【解析】seem to do sth. 表示“似乎/好像做了某事”，是 seem 后接不定式的典型用法。 【知识点12】 How does Peter feel at the end? 彼得最后感觉怎样？ 【详解】 短语at the end 意思为“最后；在末尾” end的用法如下： ①作动词，意为“结束，终止” 例句：The class ends. 课程结束了。 ②作名词，意为“末尾；结束” 常用短语有： at the end of 在……的末尾；在……尽头 in the end 最后；终于 by the end of 到......末为止 例句：At the end of the day, I am very tired.　在一天的最后,我非常累。 He found the bag in the end.最后他找到了包。 【拓展】 与end有关的其它短语： from beginning to end从头到尾 without end无边际，无穷尽，永远 bring...to an end使……结束 come to an end（某事）结束 make ends meet量入为出，使收支相抵 put an end to使……终止 end up with/in/as/doing以……告终 carry sth. through to the end 把某事进行到底 【典例】 1.— How did the meeting ______ yesterday? — Very well. We reached an agreement on the budget. A. end up B. end with C. end in D. come to an end 【答案】A 【解析】句中 How did...? 询问的是会议最终的结果/状态，需要接副词或介词短语说明结局。 end up 后可接形容词、副词、介词短语或动名词，表示"最终……"，此处省略了形容词/副词，意为"最终结果如何"，符合语境。 end with 后需接具体名词（如 end with a song），但此处无宾语，排除。 end in 后需接结果名词（如 failure），此处无宾语，排除。 come to an end 为不及物短语，本身表示"结束"，但回答"Very well"是描述状态而非单纯说"结束了"，语义不符。 2. the concert, she sang a song in English. A．At the end B．At the end of C．In the end D．In the end of 【答案】B 【解析】A. At the end单独使用时后面不接名词，通常表示"最后；终于"，作时间状语，后面需要加逗号或独立成句。例如：At the end, she sang a song. 但本题后面直接接了名词 the concert，所以不适用。 B. At the end of 固定搭配，意为"在……的末尾/尽头"，后面必须接名词或名词短语。 At the end of the concert = 在音乐会的末尾。符合题意和语法结构。 C. In the end意为"最后；终于"，单独作状语，后面不能接 of 短语。例如：In the end, she sang a song. 但后面接了 the concert，语法不通。 D. In the end of 错误搭配，英语中不存在 in the end of 这个结构。in the end 是固定短语，后面不能加 of。 一般现在时与现在进行时 到目前为止，我们学习了两种时态：一般现在时和现在进行。那么，它们之间到底有些什么区别呢？ 1. 一般现在时： I am happy. / She is a student. / They are free. Lily often / always / usually / sometimes / never walks to school. The boys play basketball every day / on Sundays / once a week. 2. 现在进行时： I am reading newspapers now. Mr. Wang is writing a book these days / all the morning. Look! The children are dancing in the room. 通过观察上面的句子，我们可以发现： 1.  表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表示主语现在的身份、特征或状态等用一般现在时；而表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作以及现阶段正在进行的动作或当前一段时间内的活动用现在进行时。 2. 一般现在时和现在进行时的结构不同。一般现在时的谓语结构通常为：be动词(am / is / are)，行为动词原形或第三人称单数形式；而现在进行时的谓语结构为：be动词 (am / is / are) + doing形式。 3. 一般现在时常与always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day, on Sundays等表示频率的词语等连用；现在进行时常与now, right now, these days, all the morning, this week, this month, Look! Listen! 等连用。 一般现在时 现在进行时 意义 经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态或自然现象等。 说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作。 谓语动词形式 1.be动词：am, is, are 2.实义动词：动词原形或第三人称单数形式 am/is/are＋动词ing形式 时间 状语 usually, often, sometimes, every day/evening, in the morning/afternoon/evening 等 now, right now, at the moment, these days等 语法巩固练习 一、单项选择。 1. Look! The children ______ in the playground. A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing 【答案】B 【解析】Look! 是现在进行时的标志词，children 是复数，用 are playing。 2. My father usually ______ newspapers after dinner. A. read B. reads C. is reading D. reading 【答案】B 【解析】usually 表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时；主语 My father 是第三人称单数，动词加 -s。 3. —Where is Tom? —He ______ in the library. A. studies B. study C. is studying D. are studying 【答案】C 【解析】问句问的是"Tom现在在哪里"，答句表示此刻正在进行的动作，用现在进行时；He 是单数，用 is studying。 4. The earth ______ around the sun. A. go B. goes C. is going D. went 【答案】B 【解析】"地球绕太阳转"是客观真理，永远用一般现在时；the earth 是第三人称单数。 5. Be quiet! The baby ______ now. A. sleeps B. sleep C. is sleeping D. are sleeping 【答案】C 【解析】now 是现在进行时的标志词；The baby 是单数，用 is sleeping。 6. She ______ English every morning, but today she ______ French. A. studies; is studying B. is studying; studies C. study; is studying D. studies; studies 【答案】A 【解析】every morning 表示习惯，用一般现在时 studies；today 结合语境表示此刻正在进行的动作，用 is studying。 7. Listen! Someone ______ at the door. A. knocks B. knock C. is knocking D. are knocking 【答案】C 【解析】Listen! 是现在进行时的标志词；Someone 作主语视为单数，用 is knocking。 8. Water ______ at 100 degrees Celsius. A. boil B. boils C. is boiling D. are boiling 【答案】B 【解析】"水在100度沸腾"是科学事实/客观真理，用一般现在时；Water 是不可数名词，视为单数。 9. —Do you often watch TV in the evening? —Yes, but right now I ______ my homework. A. do B. does C. am doing D. doing 【答案】C 【解析】right now（此刻）是现在进行时标志；I 搭配 am doing。 10. The train ______ at 8:00 every morning, so hurry up! A. leaves B. leave C. is leaving D. are leaving 【答案】A 【解析】every morning 表示时刻表、固定安排，用一般现在时；The train 是单数，用 leaves。 二、语法填空。 1. She always ______ (get) up at 6:30. 2. —What ______ you ______ (do) now? — I ______ (write) an email. 3. My brother ______ (not like) vegetables, but he ______ (eat) some now. 4. Look! The dog ______ (run) after a cat. 5. The shop ______ (open) at 9:00 a.m. every day, but today it ______ (not open) because it is Sunday. 【答案】1.gets 2.are; doing; am writing 3.doesn’t like; is eating 4.is running 5.opens; isn’t opening 【解析】1.always 表示习惯，一般现在时；第三人称单数加 -s。 2. now 是现在进行时标志；you 搭配 are，I 搭配 am。 3. 前半句表示习惯爱好，一般现在时，第三人称单数否定用 doesn't like；后半句 now 表示此刻正在吃，用 is eating。 4. Look! 是现在进行时标志；The dog 是单数，用 is running。 5. every day 表示习惯，一般现在时 opens；后半句 today 表示今天（此刻/现阶段）不营业，用 isn't opening（现阶段暂时的情况）。 1、 单元写作主题 主题：描述天气状况及人们在不同天气下的活动与感受（Weather, Activities and Feelings） 核心问题：How does the weather affect us?（天气如何影响我们？） 写作类型：记叙文/描写文 —— 描述某个特定天气场景下人们的活动、情绪变化及个人体验 单元写作任务： 1. 描述特殊天气（如暴风雨、大雪、酷暑等）中人们的行为表现； 2. 运用现在进行时描写正在发生的动作； 3. 运用一般现在时描述习惯性、规律性的天气或活动； 4. 表达天气对人的情绪影响。 2、 写作思路提示 开头：交代时间、地点、天气状况，营造氛围（一般现在时/现在进行时） 中间：描写人物活动、场景细节、情绪变化（现在进行时为主+ 一般现在时） 结尾：总结感受、点明主题、升华情感 （一般现在时） Step 1：确定场景 选择一个印象深刻的天气场景（暴雨、大雪、狂风、雷电等） 确定地点（家中、学校、户外、旅途中等） Step 2：头脑风暴 围绕以下问题展开： What's the weather like?（天气如何？） Where are you?（你在哪里？） Who are you with?（你和谁在一起？） What are people doing?（人们正在做什么？） How do people feel?（人们感受如何？） Step 3：细节描写 视觉：天空、云层、雨点、雪花、闪电等 听觉：雷声、风声、雨声、人们的呼喊等 感觉：寒冷、炎热、潮湿、恐惧、兴奋等 Step 4：时态运用 描述此刻正在发生的动作 → 现在进行时（be + doing） 描述习惯、规律或常态 → 一般现在时 注意时间标志词：now, at the moment, look, listen（现在进行时）；often, usually, every day（一般现在时） 3、 佳句积累 【开头段】 1. It's raining cats and dogs outside, and the wind is blowing hard against the windows. 外面正下着倾盆大雨，狂风猛烈地拍打着窗户。 2. It's a typical summer afternoon. The sun is shining brightly and the temperature is rising quickly. 这是一个典型的夏日午后。阳光明媚，气温正在迅速攀升。 3. Look! Dark clouds are gathering in the sky and a huge storm is coming. 看！乌云正在天空聚集，一场暴风雨即将来临。 4. People usually enjoy sunny days, but today everything is different because of the heavy snow. 人们通常喜欢晴天，但今天因为大雪一切都不同了。 【中间段】 1. The rain is pouring down, and the wind is blowing so hard that people can hardly walk straight. 大雨倾盆而下，风刮得如此猛烈，人们几乎无法直走。 2. Some people are running after their umbrellas, while others are trying to find shelter under the roof. 一些人在追赶他们的雨伞，而另一些人正试图在屋檐下避雨。 3. The children are shouting with excitement, but their parents look a little worried. 孩子们兴奋地大喊大叫，但他们的父母看起来有点担心。 4. It often rains in spring, but right now it is raining more heavily than usual. 春天经常下雨，但此刻雨下得比平时更大。 5. A man is standing at the bus stop. His clothes are getting wet, but he is still waiting patiently. 一个男人正站在公交车站。他的衣服正在变湿，但他仍在耐心等待。 6. The streets are empty now. Everyone is staying indoors and watching the storm through the windows. 街道现在空无一人。每个人都待在室内，透过窗户看着暴风雨。 【结尾段】 1. Although the weather is terrible, I feel warm and safe inside the house. 尽管天气很糟糕，但在屋里我感到温暖而安全。 2. Weather changes all the time, but our positive attitude can always bring us sunshine. 天气总在变化，但我们积极的态度总能给我们带来阳光。 3. This rainy day helps me understand that every kind of weather has its own beauty. 这个雨天让我明白，每种天气都有其独特的美。 4. I believe the rain will stop soon, and a beautiful rainbow will appear in the sky. 我相信雨很快会停，一道美丽的彩虹将出现在天空。 四、句子练习 1. 外面正在下大雨，风刮得很大。 【答案】It's raining heavily outside, and the wind is blowing hard. 2. 人们通常喜欢在晴天去公园散步。 【答案】People usually like walking in the park on sunny days. 3. 看！孩子们正在雪地里堆雪人，他们玩得很开心。 【答案】Look! The children are making a snowman in the snow, and they are having a good time. 4. 春天这里经常下雨，但现在雨下得特别大。 【答案】It often rains here in spring, but it is raining especially hard now. 5. 一位老人正坐在窗边，看着外面的暴风雨。 【答案】An old man is sitting by the window, watching the storm outside. 6. 夏天天气通常很热，所以许多人喜欢去游泳。 【答案】The weather is usually very hot in summer, so many people like going swimming. 7. 听！雷声正在轰隆隆地响，闪电照亮了天空。 【答案】Listen! The thunder is rumbling, and the lightning is lighting up the sky. 8. 街道现在很滑，行人正小心翼翼地走着。 【答案】The street is slippery now, and pedestrians are walking carefully. 9. 尽管天气寒冷，工人们仍在户外辛勤工作。 【答案】Although it is cold, the workers are still working hard outdoors. 10. 天气影响我们的情绪，但保持乐观很重要。 【答案】Weather affects our feelings, but it is important to stay positive. 五、写作范文 请描述一个暴风雨的下午，人们的不同表现和你的感受。 要求：（1）语句通顺，表达准确；（2）不少于80词。 It's three o'clock on a hot summer afternoon. Usually, the sun shines brightly at this time, but today everything is different. Dark clouds are gathering quickly in the sky, and a huge storm is coming. Look! The rain is pouring down heavily. The wind is blowing so hard that some trees are bending almost to the ground. On the street, a man is running after his hat. Some students are standing under the roof of a shop, talking and laughing nervously. An old woman is holding her umbrella tightly, but the strong wind is trying to take it away. Inside my house, I am sitting by the window and watching the storm. My little brother is playing with his toys on the floor. He isn't scared at all. Instead, he thinks the lightning is like beautiful fireworks. My mother is cooking in the kitchen. The sound of the rain beats against the windows, but I feel warm and safe. Usually, I don't like rainy days because I can't go out to play. But this afternoon helps me understand something important: weather changes, but our attitude matters. When we stay positive, every kind of weather can bring us special memories. 名师指导： 时态运用：准确使用现在进行时描写暴风雨中的动态场景（is pouring, are gathering, is blowing），使用一般现在时表达习惯、常态及个人感悟（usually shines, don't like, matters） 结构完整：开头交代背景，中间描写场景与人物活动，结尾升华主题 细节丰富：视觉（dark clouds, lightning）、听觉（sound of the rain）、动作（running after, holding tightly）多角度描写 主题升华：从具体场景引出"态度决定体验"的单元主题 六、实战演练 请你以A Snowy Day为题，用英文写一篇短文描述下雪时的天气状况和场景、人们（至少3人）正在进行的活动以及你的感受。 注意： 1. 不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。 2. 语句连贯，词数不少于80词。 A Snowy Day 【答案】 A Snowy Day It's winter now, and it is snowing heavily outside. The whole world turns white. The ground, the trees, and the roofs are covered with thick snow. It looks like a beautiful fairy tale. Outside, some children are having a snowball fight. They are running around and laughing loudly. A little girl is building a lovely snowman with her father. Near the gate, an old man is sweeping the snow carefully so that people can walk safely. A young woman is standing under a tree and taking photos of the beautiful scene. I am standing by the window and watching everything. Usually, I prefer sunny days, but today I feel peaceful and happy. The snowy day brings me a special feeling. I think nature is amazing, and every season has its own charm. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Rain or Shine Unit 1 重点词汇 1. /ə'fekt/ v．影响 2. /drai/ adj.干的；干旱的 3. /'laitniŋ/ n．闪电 4. /'stɔːmi/ adj.有暴风雨(或暴风雪)的 5. /nɔːθ/ n.北部；北；北方 6. /west/ n.西部；西；西方 7. /saʊθ/ n.南部；南；南方 8. /iːst/ n.东部；东；东方 9. /'lʌki/ adj.运气好的；带来好运的 10. /'sʌnbeið/ v. 沐日光浴；晒太阳 11. /'temprətʃə(r)/ n.温度 12. /'snəʊmæn/ n. (pl. snowmen/'snəʊmen/)雪人 13. /'hevili/ adv.大量地；沉重地 14. /'snəʊi/ adj.下雪的；雪白的 15. /hai/ adv.& adj.高 16. /'friːziŋ/ adj.极冷的；冰冻的 17. /'tʊərist/ n．旅行者；观光客 18. /klaʊd/ n.云；云彩 19. /'mædʒikl/ adj.魔法的；神奇的 20. /rɒk/ n.岩石 21. /rest/ n.休息；剩余部分 22. /'eəriə/ n.场地；地区 23. /ɔːl'ðəʊ/ conj.虽然；尽管 24. /θruː/ prep.穿过；凭借 25. /glæd/ adj.高兴的 26. /grei/ (AmE gray/grei/ adj.灰色的 27. /fɒg/ n.雾 28. /graʊnd/ n.地面 29. /wet/ adj. 湿的 30. /'taiəriŋ/ adj.令人疲倦的；累人的 31. /siːm/ v.似乎； 好像 32. /θɔːt/ n.想法 33. /'maʊntən/ n.山；高山 34. /end/ n.末尾；结束 35. /stɔːm/ n.暴风雨；暴风雪 36. /pɔː(r)/ v.倾倒；倒出 37. /wind/ n.风 38. /ʃaʊt/ v.& n．喊叫；呼唤 重点短语 1． 不论是雨或是晴；不管发生什么事 2． ＝ 待在家里；没有外出 3． 给花浇水 4． 你真幸运 5． 将来；有朝一日 6． 沙滩排球 7． 堆雪人 8． 下大雨 9． 独特的冰艺术品 10. 华南 11． 拍照 12． 感觉像 13． 看起来像  14． 在休息区 15． 取得进展 16． 情绪高涨；兴高采烈 17． 享受体验 18． 因为 19． 在顶部；在顶端 20． 黄山 21． 光明顶 22． 最后；在末尾 23． 朝窗外望 24． 倾盆而下 25． 追逐 26． 做室内活动 27. 躲雨 重点句型 1．— the weather ？天气怎么样？  —It’s and .天气温暖，阳光明媚。 2．—That's nice! What are you doing  ? 那很好！你在海滩干什么？  —I'm at the moment! My brother John's here too. 我此刻正在晒日光浴！我哥哥约翰也在这里。  3．We usually when it snows, but now we're outside.  下雪的时候我们通常待在家，但现在我们在外面堆雪人。 4． the weather is bad, many people here are still . 虽然天气不好，但这里许多人仍然精神抖擞。  5．The sun is the clouds！阳光透过云层正照耀着！ 6．Everything , and you can't see much the heavy fog. 一切看起来都是灰色的，因为大雾你看不到太多。 7．I'm tired and hungry, but it feels good to be ! 我又累又饿，但在顶端的感觉真好！ 8．It's today，and the temperature is 20°C. 今天下大雨，气温在20摄氏度左右。 语言目标 掌握现在进行时和一般现在时的区别 【知识点1】—What’s the weather like? 天气怎么样？ —It’s warm and sunny. 天气温暖，阳光明媚。 【详解1】What’s the weather like+地点?=How’s the weather in +地点? 意为“天气怎么样？” 其答语为“It’s+表示天气状况的形容词。” 例句：What’s the weather like in Beijing? = How’s the weather in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样？ 【拓展】 ①weather作名词，意为“天气”，是不可数名词，不能与不定冠词a/an连用。 如：I like cold weather.我喜欢寒冷的天气。 ② 注意表示天气的词的词性， 例句：rain v.下雨 n.雨水(不可数名词) adj. rainy多雨的 snow v.下雪 n.雪(不可数名词) adj. snowy下雪的 【典例】 一、单选题。 1. — ________ the weather ________ in Beijing? — It's sunny and warm. A. What's; like B. How's; / C. What's; / D. How's; like 2. — What's the weather like in London? — ________ A. It's in England. B. It's rainy and cold. C. I like it very much. D. It's 8 o'clock. 二、按括号内单词适当形式填空。 3. — How's the weather in Shanghai? — It's ________ (cloud). You'd better take an umbrella. 4. — What's the weather like in Harbin in winter? — It's very ________ (snow) and ________ (freeze). The temperature is usually below zero. 【知识点2】 —How’s it your holiday going? 你假期过得怎么样？ —It’s wonderful. 太棒了。 【详解】 How’s it going? 是询问对方近况或事情进展情况的习惯用语，意为“近况如何？事情进展的怎样？”，后面可跟介词短语with sb/sth，可与How is everything?互换。 其答语为：Terrible!(很糟糕)！/Not bad (还不错)/Pretty good (相当不错) /Great!（很好）！ 例句：—How’s it going with Tom’s study? 最近汤姆的学习情况怎么样？ —Not bad. 【典例】 1.— How's it going ________ your new job? — Pretty good. I'm getting used to the new environment. A. for B. to C. with D. about 2.— ________ — Not bad, thanks. How about you? A. How's the weather? B. How's it going? C. What do you like? D. Where are you going? 【知识点3】 Wow, lucky you! 哇，你真幸运！ 【详解】lucky 是形容词，意为“运气好的；带来好运的”，在句中可作表语或定语。反义词是unlucky(不幸的)。 例句：She is a lucky girl. 她是个幸运的女孩。 常用搭配： lucky you/me/...你/我/........真幸运 be lucky to do sth. 做某事很幸运 a lucky dog 幸运儿 Lucky day 幸运日 例句：They are lucky to pass the exam. 他们很幸运地通过了考试。 【拓展】luck （名词） 运气 luckily （副词） 幸运地 例句： Good luck! 祝你好运！ Luckily, he arrived on time. 幸运地是，他准时到达了。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1.— I won first prize in the English speech contest! — ________! You must have practiced a lot. A. Lucky you B. You are welcome C. Thanks a lot D. Not at all 2. ________, the heavy rain stopped before the outdoor concert began, so we could enjoy the show. A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckily D. Unlucky 二、填空题。 3. What ________ (luck) you are! You found the lost ring in such a big park. 4. ________ (luck), he passed the driving test on his first try. Everyone said he was really ________ (luck). 【知识点4】 Hey, come and visit us some day! 嘿，改天来看我们吧！ 【详解】some day 意为“将来；有朝一日”；也可写作someday, 常用于将来时态中，作时间状语。 例句：He will be successful some day.　有朝一日, 他会成功的。 【拓展】one day意为“某一天”；表示不确定时间的“某一天”，既可指过去也可指未来。指未来时相当于some day。 例句：I’ll be back one/some day.　有朝一日我会回来的。 One day, I met my English teacher in the supermarket.　 有一天, 我在超市遇到了我的英语老师。 【典例】 1.— I'm going to travel around the world ________. — That sounds great! I hope your dream will come true. A. some day B. another day C. every day D. each day 2.你的梦想有朝一日会实现的。 Your dream will come true ________ ________. 【知识点5】 Once the weather turns warm! 一旦天气转暖(，我就去)！ 【详解】 turn 在句中是连系动词，意为“变成”；后常接形容词作表语。 如：turn red 变红 turn 的其他用法： ① 表示“转动；转身；翻转”。 例句：She turned her head to look at me. 她转过头来看我。 Turn left and go along the street.　向左转，然后沿着这条街走。 ② 表示“轮流；依次”。 常用句型：It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。 例句：It's your turn to clean the classroom. 轮到你打扫教室了。 ③ 翻，翻动（书页） turn to 翻到... 例句：Please turn to page 20. 请翻到第20页。 【拓展】 英语中的五个“变” ①become：强调变化的结果，后面一般加名词。意思是变成了，成为了什么。    例句：She became a singer. 她成为了歌手。 ②get：强调变化的过程。后面加形容词/比较级。 例句：Get better！变好了！ ③go：强调不好的变化。从好的变成坏的。 例句：The meat has gone bad. 肉已经变坏了。 ④grow：渐变。强调逐渐变化的过程，如生长、发育（形状大小）变化。 例句：My little brother is growing tall. 我的弟弟长高了。 ⑤turn：强调变化的性质、颜色。 例句：The trees turn green in spring.在春天树变成了绿色。 【典例】 一、单选题。 1. The leaves ________ yellow in autumn, which makes the mountain look like a painting. A. become B. get C. go D. turn 2. — You look pale. Are you feeling OK? — I think I'm ________ a cold. I have a sore throat and a runny nose. A. becoming B. getting C. going D. growing 2、 从方框中选择恰当的词，并用其正确形式填空。 turn / become / get / go / grow 1. The milk has ________ sour. Don't drink it. 2. She ________ more and more beautiful as she grows older. 3. It's ________ dark. Let's go home before it rains. 4. The little boy ________ angry when his toy was broken by his sister. 5. With time going by, the village has ________ a popular tourist attraction. 【知识点6】 In my hometown, the sun rises at around 6 a.m. in summer. 在我的家乡，夏天太阳大约早上六点时升起来。 【详解】 rise为不及物动词，过去式为rose，过去分词为risen。不能用于被动语态。意为＂“上升；升起；起身；起立(此时主语是人)；上涨”以及“(日、月、星等)升起到地平线上” 例句：Prices rise every day in those countries. 在那些国家物价天天上涨。 【拓展】 raise是及物动词，表示“举起”，后面要直接跟宾语。此外，raise还有＂饲养、供养＂的意思。 例句：If you have any questions, raise your hands. 如果你有问题，请举手。 Their family raised a big dog. 他们家养了一条大狗。 【典例】 1. The sun ________ in the east and sets in the west every day. A. is risen B. rises C. rose D. was risen 2. — What happened to the old man? — He ________ from his seat to give his seat to a pregnant woman. A. was raised B. raised C. was risen D. rose 【知识点7】 Climbing is hard, but we’re making good progress. 爬山是艰难的，但我们正在取得不错的进展。 【详解1】 此处动名词Climbing作主语。动名词是非谓语动词的一种，起名词的作用，同时保留动词的属性，可以带有自己的宾语、状语等。动名词常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，且作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。 例句：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易得多。 【详解2】 make progress意为“取得进步，取得进展”，progress为不可数名词, 意为“进步”。常用短语：make progress in... 在......取得进步/进展。 例句：Study hard and make progress every day.　好好学习,天天向上。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1. ________ too much junk food is bad for your health. A. Eat B. Eats C. Eating D. Ate 2. — What do you think is the best way to learn English? — I think ________ English movies is very helpful. A. watch B. watches C. watching D. watched 二、完成句子 1. ________ (swim) in the river in summer is one of my favorite hobbies. 2. Her favorite sport is ________ (dance). She practices it every day. 【知识点8】 Although the weather is bad, many people here are still in high spirits. 尽管天气糟糕，这里的许多人仍旧情绪高涨。 【详解1】although意为“尽管；然而”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though。 注意：although或though不能与but用在同一个句子中。 例句：Although/Though he is young, he knows a lot. 虽然他很年轻，但他懂得很多。 【详解2】in high spirits意为“兴高采烈；情绪高涨”其反义短语为in low spirits情绪低落。 例句：We set out in high spirits.　我们情绪高涨地出发了。 【典例】 1. ________ it was raining heavily, he still went out for a walk without an umbrella. A. Because B. Although C. If D. When 2.— Why didn't you go to school yesterday? — ________ I had a high fever and my mother took me to the hospital. A. Although B. But C. Because D. So 3.他一直情绪高涨，且面带笑容。 He is always ________ ________ ________ with smiles on his face. 【知识点9】I don’t think my brother Peter is enjoying the experience very much, so I’m encouraging him. 我认为我哥哥彼得不是很喜欢这次经历，所以我正在鼓励他。 【详解1】 本句中含“I don’t think+肯定陈述句”结构，体现了宾语从句的否定前移现象。宾语从句跟在认为（think），猜想（suppose），不可相信（believe），期待（expect）等动词后，主句时态为一般现在时，且主句主语是第一人称（I, we），变否定句时，要否定主句，而不是从句，我们称之为“否定前移”； 例句：I think you are right. 我认为你是对的。 →I don’t think you are right. 我认为你是不对的。 【详解2】 experience的用法 ① 作动词，意为“经历；体验” 例句：I experienced a lot on the trip.　在这次旅行中我体验了很多。 ②作可数名词，意为“（一次）经历；体验” 例句：I had a similar experience last year. 去年我有过一次相似的经历。 ③作不可数名词，意为“经历; 经验”。可用于短语have experience in/of sth. 意为"在某事上有经验" 例句: He has rich experience in teaching English.　他教英语很有经验。 【典例】 1. I ________ ________ (not think) he ________ (be) right. We need more evidence to prove his idea. 2. — Will Mary come to the party tonight? — I ________ ________ (not believe) she ________ (come). She has to look after her sick mother at home. 3.— Working as a volunteer in the hospital taught me a lot. — Yes. ________ is the best teacher. A. Experience B. Experiences C. Experienced D. Experiencing 【知识点10】 The sun is shining through the clouds! 太阳透过云层光芒四射！ 【详解】 through 在句中意为“穿过”，侧重从事物内部“穿过”，表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等，即头顶有覆盖物。 例句：Don’t throw anything through the window. 不要从窗户扔东西出去。 【拓展】across, through,over, past都有“经过,穿过”的意思，但它们的用法不同。 ①through (从内部)穿过；通过 例句：He went through the forest finally .他终于走出了那遍森林。 ②over (从上方)越过，侧重翻过障碍物（如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等）的另一侧。 例句：He jumped over the wall. 他跳过了墙。 ③across (从表面)横过；穿过， 强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，常与walk，run，go等词连用。如：go/walk across=cross。 例句：Go across the bridge，and you’ll find the park.= Cross the bridge , and you'll find the park. 越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。 ④past(从旁边)经过，侧重从某物旁边经过，意思是“走过某处、经过……”。 例句： He walked past me without saying“Hello”. =He passed me without saying "Hello". 他没打招呼就从我身边走过。 【典例】 一、单项选择 1. Be careful when you walk ________ the street. The traffic is heavy at this time. A. across B. through C. over D. past 2. The thief ran ________ the crowd and disappeared at the corner of the building. A. across B. through C. over D. past 3. The plane flew ________ the mountains and we could see the snow on the top clearly. A. across B. through C. over D. past 4. I walk ________ the post office every morning on my way to school, but I never go inside. A. across B. through C. over D. past 【知识点11】 There are many other tourists at this rest area, but they don’t seem tired at all . 在这个休息区还有很多其他游客，但他们似乎根本不累。 【详解】 动词seem的意思是 “似乎，好像” 常用的句型： ① 主语+seem+(to be+) +名词/形容词。说明主语的特征或状态。 例句：You seem (to be) very happy today. 你今天似乎很高兴。 ② 主语 + seem + 动词不定式。 例句：He seems to know everything. 他好像什么都懂。 ③ It seems + that从句。 例句：It seems that it will snow. 看样子天要下雪了。 It seems that... 句型往往可转换为sb. seem to do sth. 例句：It seems that she is sleeping. = She seems to be sleeping. 她好像在睡觉。 ④ seem like...似乎是...... 例句：It seems like a good idea.　它似乎是个不错的主意。 【助记】 seem的用法 　　小小seem有本领，身后跟随名或形； 　　seem to do“似乎做”， It seems后 that从。 【典例】 1.— Why is Tom so upset today? — It ______ that he failed the driving test again. A. looks B. seems C. appears D. happens 2.The new manager ___ very capable, but we still need more time to observe his actual performance. A. is seeming B. seems to be C. seems being D. is seemed to be 3.There ______ （seem）no point in arguing with him since he never changes his mind. 4.She seemed ______ (know) everything about this project, but in fact she just joined the team last week. 【知识点12】 How does Peter feel at the end? 彼得最后感觉怎样？ 【详解】 短语at the end 意思为“最后；在末尾” end的用法如下： ①作动词，意为“结束，终止” 例句：The class ends. 课程结束了。 ②作名词，意为“末尾；结束” 常用短语有： at the end of 在……的末尾；在……尽头 in the end 最后；终于 by the end of 到......末为止 例句：At the end of the day, I am very tired.　在一天的最后,我非常累。 He found the bag in the end.最后他找到了包。 【拓展】 与end有关的其它短语： from beginning to end从头到尾 without end无边际，无穷尽，永远 bring...to an end使……结束 come to an end（某事）结束 make ends meet量入为出，使收支相抵 put an end to使……终止 end up with/in/as/doing以……告终 carry sth. through to the end 把某事进行到底 【典例】 1.— How did the meeting ______ yesterday? — Very well. We reached an agreement on the budget. A. end up B. end with C. end in D. come to an end 2. the concert, she sang a song in English. A．At the end B．At the end of C．In the end D．In the end of 一般现在时与现在进行时 到目前为止，我们学习了两种时态：一般现在时和现在进行。那么，它们之间到底有些什么区别呢？ 1. 一般现在时： I am happy. / She is a student. / They are free. Lily often / always / usually / sometimes / never walks to school. The boys play basketball every day / on Sundays / once a week. 2. 现在进行时： I am reading newspapers now. Mr. Wang is writing a book these days / all the morning. Look! The children are dancing in the room. 通过观察上面的句子，我们可以发现： 1.  表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表示主语现在的身份、特征或状态等用 ；而表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作以及现阶段正在进行的动作或当前一段时间内的活动用 。 2.  一般现在时和现在进行时的结构不同。一般现在时的谓语结构通常为：be动词(am / is / are)，行为动词原形或第三人称单数形式；而现在进行时的谓语结构为：be动词 (am / is / are) + 形式。 3. 常与always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day, on Sundays等表示频率的词语等连用； 常与now, right now, these days, all the morning, this week, this month, Look! Listen! 等连用。 一般现在时 现在进行时 意义 经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态或自然现象等。 说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作。 谓语动词形式 1.be动词：am, is, are 2.实义动词：动词原形或第三人称单数形式 am/is/are＋动词ing形式 时间 状语 usually, often, sometimes, every day/evening, in the morning/afternoon/evening 等 now, right now, at the moment, these days等 语法巩固练习 一、单项选择。 1. Look! The children ______ in the playground. A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing 2. My father usually ______ newspapers after dinner. A. read B. reads C. is reading D. reading 3. —Where is Tom? —He ______ in the library. A. studies B. study C. is studying D. are studying 4. The earth ______ around the sun. A. go B. goes C. is going D. went 5. Be quiet! The baby ______ now. A. sleeps B. sleep C. is sleeping D. are sleeping 6. She ______ English every morning, but today she ______ French. A. studies; is studying B. is studying; studies C. study; is studying D. studies; studies 7. Listen! Someone ______ at the door. A. knocks B. knock C. is knocking D. are knocking 8. Water ______ at 100 degrees Celsius. A. boil B. boils C. is boiling D. are boiling 9. —Do you often watch TV in the evening? —Yes, but right now I ______ my homework. A. do B. does C. am doing D. doing 10. The train ______ at 8:00 every morning, so hurry up! A. leaves B. leave C. is leaving D. are leaving 二、语法填空。 1. She always ______ (get) up at 6:30. 2. —What ______ you ______ (do) now? — I ______ (write) an email. 3. My brother ______ (not like) vegetables, but he ______ (eat) some now. 4. Look! The dog ______ (run) after a cat. 5. The shop ______ (open) at 9:00 a.m. every day, but today it ______ (not open) because it is Sunday. 1、 单元写作主题 主题：描述天气状况及人们在不同天气下的活动与感受（Weather, Activities and Feelings） 核心问题：How does the weather affect us?（天气如何影响我们？） 写作类型：记叙文/描写文 —— 描述某个特定天气场景下人们的活动、情绪变化及个人体验 单元写作任务： 1. 描述特殊天气（如暴风雨、大雪、酷暑等）中人们的行为表现； 2. 运用现在进行时描写正在发生的动作； 3. 运用一般现在时描述习惯性、规律性的天气或活动； 4. 表达天气对人的情绪影响。 2、 写作思路提示 开头：交代时间、地点、天气状况，营造氛围（一般现在时/现在进行时） 中间：描写人物活动、场景细节、情绪变化（现在进行时为主+ 一般现在时） 结尾：总结感受、点明主题、升华情感 （一般现在时） Step 1：确定场景 选择一个印象深刻的天气场景（暴雨、大雪、狂风、雷电等） 确定地点（家中、学校、户外、旅途中等） Step 2：头脑风暴 围绕以下问题展开： What's the weather like?（天气如何？） Where are you?（你在哪里？） Who are you with?（你和谁在一起？） What are people doing?（人们正在做什么？） How do people feel?（人们感受如何？） Step 3：细节描写 视觉：天空、云层、雨点、雪花、闪电等 听觉：雷声、风声、雨声、人们的呼喊等 感觉：寒冷、炎热、潮湿、恐惧、兴奋等 Step 4：时态运用 描述此刻正在发生的动作 → 现在进行时（be + doing） 描述习惯、规律或常态 → 一般现在时 注意时间标志词：now, at the moment, look, listen（现在进行时）；often, usually, every day（一般现在时） 3、 佳句积累 【开头段】 1. It's raining cats and dogs outside, and the wind is blowing hard against the windows. 外面正下着倾盆大雨，狂风猛烈地拍打着窗户。 2. It's a typical summer afternoon. The sun is shining brightly and the temperature is rising quickly. 这是一个典型的夏日午后。阳光明媚，气温正在迅速攀升。 3. Look! Dark clouds are gathering in the sky and a huge storm is coming. 看！乌云正在天空聚集，一场暴风雨即将来临。 4. People usually enjoy sunny days, but today everything is different because of the heavy snow. 人们通常喜欢晴天，但今天因为大雪一切都不同了。 【中间段】 1. The rain is pouring down, and the wind is blowing so hard that people can hardly walk straight. 大雨倾盆而下，风刮得如此猛烈，人们几乎无法直走。 2. Some people are running after their umbrellas, while others are trying to find shelter under the roof. 一些人在追赶他们的雨伞，而另一些人正试图在屋檐下避雨。 3. The children are shouting with excitement, but their parents look a little worried. 孩子们兴奋地大喊大叫，但他们的父母看起来有点担心。 4. It often rains in spring, but right now it is raining more heavily than usual. 春天经常下雨，但此刻雨下得比平时更大。 5. A man is standing at the bus stop. His clothes are getting wet, but he is still waiting patiently. 一个男人正站在公交车站。他的衣服正在变湿，但他仍在耐心等待。 6. The streets are empty now. Everyone is staying indoors and watching the storm through the windows. 街道现在空无一人。每个人都待在室内，透过窗户看着暴风雨。 【结尾段】 1. Although the weather is terrible, I feel warm and safe inside the house. 尽管天气很糟糕，但在屋里我感到温暖而安全。 2. Weather changes all the time, but our positive attitude can always bring us sunshine. 天气总在变化，但我们积极的态度总能给我们带来阳光。 3. This rainy day helps me understand that every kind of weather has its own beauty. 这个雨天让我明白，每种天气都有其独特的美。 4. I believe the rain will stop soon, and a beautiful rainbow will appear in the sky. 我相信雨很快会停，一道美丽的彩虹将出现在天空。 四、句子练习 1. 外面正在下大雨，风刮得很大。 2. 人们通常喜欢在晴天去公园散步。 3. 看！孩子们正在雪地里堆雪人，他们玩得很开心。 4. 春天这里经常下雨，但现在雨下得特别大。 5. 一位老人正坐在窗边，看着外面的暴风雨。 6. 夏天天气通常很热，所以许多人喜欢去游泳。 7. 听！雷声正在轰隆隆地响，闪电照亮了天空。 8. 街道现在很滑，行人正小心翼翼地走着。 9. 尽管天气寒冷，工人们仍在户外辛勤工作。 10. 天气影响我们的情绪，但保持乐观很重要。 五、写作范文 请描述一个暴风雨的下午，人们的不同表现和你的感受。 要求：（1）语句通顺，表达准确；（2）不少于80词。 It's three o'clock on a hot summer afternoon. Usually, the sun shines brightly at this time, but today everything is different. Dark clouds are gathering quickly in the sky, and a huge storm is coming. Look! The rain is pouring down heavily. The wind is blowing so hard that some trees are bending almost to the ground. On the street, a man is running after his hat. Some students are standing under the roof of a shop, talking and laughing nervously. An old woman is holding her umbrella tightly, but the strong wind is trying to take it away. Inside my house, I am sitting by the window and watching the storm. My little brother is playing with his toys on the floor. He isn't scared at all. Instead, he thinks the lightning is like beautiful fireworks. My mother is cooking in the kitchen. The sound of the rain beats against the windows, but I feel warm and safe. Usually, I don't like rainy days because I can't go out to play. But this afternoon helps me understand something important: weather changes, but our attitude matters. When we stay positive, every kind of weather can bring us special memories. 名师指导： 时态运用：准确使用现在进行时描写暴风雨中的动态场景（is pouring, are gathering, is blowing），使用一般现在时表达习惯、常态及个人感悟（usually shines, don't like, matters） 结构完整：开头交代背景，中间描写场景与人物活动，结尾升华主题 细节丰富：视觉（dark clouds, lightning）、听觉（sound of the rain）、动作（running after, holding tightly）多角度描写 主题升华：从具体场景引出"态度决定体验"的单元主题 六、实战演练 请你以A Snowy Day为题，用英文写一篇短文描述下雪时的天气状况和场景、人们（至少3人）正在进行的活动以及你的感受。 注意： 1. 不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生的真实姓名。 2. 语句连贯，词数不少于80词。 A Snowy Day 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $