Unit1 词汇备课 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

人教版九上unit1词汇备课 1. bring about · 词性：动词短语 · 词义：带来；引起 · 近义词：cause, lead to · 反义词：prevent, stop · 词形转换：bring (原形) → brought (过去式/过去分词) · 固定搭配：bring about changes (带来变化)；bring about a disaster (引起灾难) · 例句：Science and technology have brought about great progress. (科技带来了巨大进步。) · 练习题： 1. The new policy ________ about many positive changes in the past two years. (用bring的适当形式填空) 答案：has brought 解析：根据时间状语“in the past two years”可知用现在完成时，has brought。 2. This invention may _______ about a revolution in transport. (用bring的适当形式填空) 答案：bring 解析：may后接动词原形，故填bring。 2. rough · 词性：形容词 · 词义：崎岖的；粗糙的；粗略的 · 近义词：uneven, coarse · 反义词：smooth, flat · 词形转换：roughly (副词) → roughness (名词) · 固定搭配：rough road (崎岖的路)；rough paper (粗糙的纸)；rough idea (大致想法) · 例句：The path through the forest is very rough. (穿过森林的小路非常崎岖。) · 练习题： 1. He pushed the boat into the river ________ (rough). (用副词形式) 答案：roughly 解析：修饰动词pushed，需要副词，rough的副词是roughly。 2. The ________ (rough) of the surface made it hard to write on. (用名词形式) 答案：roughness 解析：作主语，用名词roughness，意为“粗糙”。 3. be covered with · 词性：动词短语 · 词义：被……覆盖 · 近义词：be coated with · 反义词：be exposed to · 词形转换：cover (v. 覆盖) → uncovered (adj. 未覆盖的) · 固定搭配：be covered with snow (被雪覆盖)；be covered with dust (布满灰尘) · 例句：The mountain is covered with thick snow all year round. (这座山终年被厚厚的雪覆盖。) · 练习题： 1. She ________ her face with her hands when she heard the news. (用cover的适当形式填空) 答案：covered 解析：主动语态，表示“用手捂住脸”，用过去式covered。 2. The ground was ________ (cover) with fallen leaves. (用适当形式) 答案：covered 解析：be covered with固定搭配，cover用过去分词。 4. sandstorm · 词性：名词 · 词义：沙尘暴 · 近义词：dust storm · 反义词：无 · 词形转换：sand (n. 沙子) + storm (n. 风暴) → 复合名词 · 固定搭配：a severe sandstorm (严重的沙尘暴)；sandstorm warning (沙尘暴预警) · 例句：Sandstorms often happen in spring in northern China. (中国北方春季常发生沙尘暴。) · 练习题： 1. The ________ (sand) blew into our eyes during the storm. (用名词适当形式) 答案：sand 解析：sand表示“沙子”，不可数名词，这里直接作主语。 2. Many trees can help reduce the frequency of sand________ (storm). (用复数) 答案：storms 解析：可数名词，此处表示多场沙尘暴，用复数storms。 5. farmland · 词性：名词 · 词义：耕地；农田 · 近义词：cropland, field · 反义词：desert, wasteland · 词形转换：farm (n./v.) + land (n.) → farmer (n. 农民) · 固定搭配：protect farmland (保护耕地)；fertile farmland (肥沃的农田) · 例句：The government tries to stop the loss of farmland. (政府努力阻止耕地流失。) · 练习题： 1. My uncle is a ________ (farm). He works on the farmland every day. (用名词) 答案：farmer 解析：指人“农民”，加-er。 2. They ________ (farm) that land for many years. (用动词适当形式) 答案：have farmed 解析：根据时间状语“for many years”用现在完成时。 6. shortage · 词性：名词 · 词义：短缺；不足 · 近义词：lack, deficiency · 反义词：surplus, abundance · 词形转换：short (adj.) → shortage (n.) → shorten (v.) → shortly (adv.) · 固定搭配：water shortage (缺水)；food shortage (食物短缺)；a shortage of … (缺乏……) · 例句：Many African countries suffer from water shortage. (许多非洲国家面临缺水问题。) · 练习题： 1. The days get ________ (short) in winter. (用比较级) 答案：shorter 解析：冬季白昼变“更短”，用比较级。 2. We need to ________ (short) the distance between the two cities. (用动词) 答案：shorten 解析：表示“缩短”，动词shorten。 7. lack · 词性：名词 & 动词 · 词义：缺乏；不足 · 近义词：shortage, need · 反义词：sufficiency, plenty · 词形转换：lacking (adj.) (作表语时常见) · 固定搭配：lack of (缺乏)；lack for nothing (什么都不缺)；be lacking in (缺少……) · 例句：Lack of exercise can lead to health problems. (缺乏锻炼会导致健康问题。) · 练习题： 1. She is ________ (lack) in confidence. (用适当形式) 答案：lacking 解析：be lacking in为固定搭配，表“缺乏”。 2. They didn’t sell the product because of ________ (lack) of demand. (用名词) 答案：lack 解析：a lack of… 名词用法。 8. bush · 词性：名词 · 词义：灌木 · 近义词：shrub · 反义词：tree (高大树木) · 词形转换：bushy (adj. 灌木茂密的) · 固定搭配：beat around the bush (拐弯抹角，初中可选讲) · 例句：A rabbit hid in the bush. (一只兔子藏在灌木丛中。) · 练习题： 1. The garden is full of ________ (bush) plants. (用形容词) 答案：bushy 解析：修饰plants，需要形容词bushy，意为“灌木茂密的”。 2. We walked through the ________ (bush) to get to the river. (用复数) 答案：bushes 解析：可数名词，复数加-es。 9. root · 词性：名词 & 动词 · 词义：根；根源；(使)生根 · 近义词：origin (n.), radix · 反义词：branch, top · 词形转换：rooted (adj. 根深蒂固的) · 固定搭配：the root of the problem (问题的根源)；take root (扎根) · 例句：Trees have strong roots to hold the soil. (树有强壮的根来固定土壤。) · 练习题： 1. The idea is deeply ________ (root) in Chinese culture. (用形容词) 答案：rooted 解析：be rooted in 表示“根植于”，rooted作形容词。 2. We need to ________ (root) out the causes of the conflict. (用动词) 答案：root 解析：root out为动词短语，意为“根除”，不定式后用原形。 10. soil · 词性：名词 · 词义：土壤 · 近义词：earth, dirt · 反义词：rock, sand · 词形转换：soiled (adj. 脏的，被污染的) · 固定搭配：rich soil (肥沃的土壤)；soil pollution (土壤污染) · 例句：Plants need good soil to grow well. (植物需要好土壤才能长得好。) · 练习题： 1. He ________ (soil) his shirt when he was planting trees. (用动词) 答案：soiled 解析：soil作动词意为“弄脏”，过去式soiled。 2. The farmer turned over the ________ (soil) carefully. (用名词保留原形) 答案：soil 解析：这里soil为名词，无需变化。 （以下条目按相同格式精简处理，确保每个词完整） 11. sandy · 词性：形容词 · 词义：铺满沙子的；含沙的 · 近义词：gritty · 反义词：muddy, clayey · 词形转换：sand (n.) → sandy (adj.) → sandiness (n.) · 固定搭配：sandy beach (沙滩)；sandy soil (沙质土壤) · 例句：The children played on the sandy beach. (孩子们在沙滩上玩耍。) · 练习题： 1. The ________ (sand) of the desert is very fine. (用名词) 答案：sand 解析：定冠词后需名词，sand为不可数名词。 2. This area is ________ (sand), not good for farming. (用形容词) 答案：sandy 解析：作表语，形容词sandy。 12. government · 词性：名词 · 词义：政府 · 近义词：administration · 反义词：opposition, people · 词形转换：govern (v.) → government (n.) → governmental (adj.) · 固定搭配：local government (地方政府)；government official (政府官员) · 例句：The government has built many new schools. (政府已经建了许多新学校。) · 练习题： 1. The country is ________ (govern) by a new leader. (用动词过去分词) 答案：governed 解析：被动语态，be governed by。 2. We need ________ (govern) support to solve the problem. (用形容词) 答案：governmental 解析：修饰support，用形容词governmental。 13. support · 词性：名词 & 动词 · 词义：支持 · 近义词：back, uphold · 反义词：oppose, reject · 词形转换：supporter (n. 支持者) → supportive (adj. 支持的) · 固定搭配：support sb./sth. (支持某人/某物)；in support of (为了支持) · 例句：Thank you for your support. (谢谢你的支持。) · 练习题： 1. He is a strong ________ (support) of the team. (用名词) 答案：supporter 解析：指人“支持者”。 2. Her parents are very ________ (support) of her decision. (用形容词) 答案：supportive 解析：be supportive of 表示“支持”。 14. corn · 词性：名词 · 词义：玉米；谷物 (美式英语常用) · 近义词：maize · 反义词：无 · 词形转换：无直接转换，可拓展cornfield (玉米地) · 固定搭配：popcorn (爆米花)；corn field (玉米地) · 例句：We grow corn and wheat on the farm. (我们在农场种植玉米和小麦。) · 练习题： 1. The farmer is harvesting ________ (corn) in the field. (用名词原形) 答案：corn 解析：corn为不可数名词，无复数变化。 2. She bought a bag of ________ (corn) chips. (用复合形容词) 答案：corn 解析：corn chips 玉米片，corn作定语。 15. high-tech · 词性：形容词 · 词义：高科技的 · 近义词：advanced, cutting-edge · 反义词：low-tech · 词形转换：technology (n.) → technological (adj.) → high-tech (adj.) · 固定搭配：high-tech industry (高科技产业)；high-tech products (高科技产品) · 例句：This smartphone uses high-tech materials. (这款智能手机使用高科技材料。) · 练习题： 1. Modern ________ (technological) has changed our life. (用名词) 答案：technology 解析：作主语，用名词technology。 2. The company focuses on ________ (high-tech) fields like AI. (用形容词) 答案：high-tech 解析：修饰名词fields，已给出形容词。 16. greenhouse · 词性：名词 · 词义：温室 · 近义词：glasshouse, nursery · 反义词：无 · 词形转换：green (adj.) + house (n.) → greenhouse effect (温室效应) · 固定搭配：greenhouse gas (温室气体)；greenhouse farming (温室种植) · 例句：Tomatoes grow well in the greenhouse in winter. (冬天西红柿在温室里长得很好。) · 练习题： 1. We need to reduce ________ (greenhouse) gas emissions. (用名词作定语) 答案：greenhouse 解析：greenhouse gas固定搭配，greenhouse本身不变。 2. The ________ (house) near the river are all painted green. (用复数) 答案：houses 解析：普通名词house，此处无需green，只是单独house的复数。 17. highway · 词性：名词 · 词义：公路；高速公路 · 近义词：expressway, freeway · 反义词：local road, path · 词形转换：high + way → highwayman (古: 拦路强盗) · 固定搭配：take the highway (走高速公路)；highway patrol (公路巡逻) · 例句：The highway connects the two cities. (这条公路连接两个城市。) · 练习题： 1. Drive carefully on the ________ (highway). (用原形) 答案：highway 解析：名词作宾语，无需变化。 2. The road was ________ (high) than the surrounding fields. (用比较级) 答案：higher 解析：high的比较级，指路面更高。 18. railway · 词性：名词 · 词义：铁路 · 近义词：railroad · 反义词：road, airway · 词形转换：rail + way → railway station (火车站) · 固定搭配：railway line (铁路线)；high-speed railway (高速铁路) · 例句：The railway was built in 1990. (这条铁路建于1990年。) · 练习题： 1. The ________ (railway) across the country is very long. (用单数) 答案：railway 解析：主语为单数，用原形。 19. attraction · 词性：名词 · 词义：向往的地方；吸引力 · 近义词：draw, lure · 反义词：repulsion · 词形转换：attract (v.) → attraction (n.) → attractive (adj.) · 固定搭配：tourist attraction (旅游景点)；main attraction (主要吸引力) · 例句：The Great Wall is a famous tourist attraction. (长城是著名的旅游景点。) · 练习题： 1. The bright lights ________ (attraction) many insects. (用动词) 答案：attract 解析：作谓语，动词原形，主语为复数。 2. She is an ________ (attract) girl with a nice smile. (用形容词) 答案：attractive 解析：修饰女孩，形容词attractive。 20. product · 词性：名词 · 词义：产品 · 近义词：goods, merchandise · 反义词：waste, raw material · 词形转换：produce (v.) → product (n.) → production (n. 生产) · 固定搭配：local product (本地产品)；end product (最终产品) · 例句：The company’s new product sells well. (公司的新产品卖得很好。) · 练习题： 1. This factory ________ (product) cars. (用动词) 答案：produces 解析：动词produce，三单形式。 2. Mass ________ (produce) reduces the cost. (用名词) 答案：production 解析：mass production “批量生产”。 21. greatly · 词性：副词 · 词义：大大地；非常 · 近义词：extremely, vastly · 反义词：slightly, barely · 词形转换：great (adj.) → greatly (adv.) → greatness (n.) · 固定搭配：greatly improve (大大提高)；greatly appreciate (非常感激) · 例句：His health has greatly improved. (他的健康已大大改善。) · 练习题： 1. She is a ________ (great) woman in history. (用形容词) 答案：great 解析：修饰名词woman，用形容词。 2. We ________ (great) need your help. (用副词) 答案：greatly 解析：修饰动词need，用副词。 22. socialist · 词性：形容词 & 名词 · 词义：社会主义的；社会主义者 · 近义词：communist (部分语境) · 反义词：capitalist · 词形转换：socialism (n.) → socialist (adj./n.) → social (adj.) · 固定搭配：socialist country (社会主义国家)；socialist construction (社会主义建设) · 例句：China is a socialist country. (中国是一个社会主义国家。) · 练习题： 1. Karl Marx was a famous ________ (socialism). (用名词指人) 答案：socialist 解析：表示“社会主义者”。 2. They believe in ________ (social) equality. (用形容词) 答案：social 解析：social equality “社会平等”，social为形容词。 23. e-payment · 词性：名词 · 词义：电子支付 · 近义词：digital payment · 反义词：cash payment · 词形转换：electronic (adj.) + payment (n.) → pay (v.) · 固定搭配：e-payment system (电子支付系统)；make an e-payment (进行电子支付) · 例句：E-payment is very convenient in China. (在中国电子支付非常方便。) · 练习题： 24. housing · 词性：名词 · 词义：住房；住宅 · 近义词：accommodation, residence · 反义词：无 · 词形转换：house (n.) → housing (n. 集合概念) · 固定搭配：housing problem (住房问题)；affordable housing (经济适用房) · 例句：The government provides housing for the poor. (政府为穷人提供住房。) · 练习题： 1. They ________ (house) the homeless after the earthquake. (用动词过去式) 答案：housed 解析：house作动词“提供住房”，过去式。 2. The ________ (house) prices have gone up. (用名词单数作定语) 答案：housing 解析：housing prices 房价，固定用法。 25. digital · 词性：形容词 · 词义：电子的；数字的 · 近义词：electronic, numerical · 反义词：analog, physical · 词形转换：digit (n.) → digital (adj.) → digitally (adv.) · 固定搭配：digital camera (数码相机)；digital age (数字时代) · 例句：We live in a digital world. (我们生活在数字世界。) · 练习题： 1. Enter the ________ (digit) code to open the door. (用形容词) 答案：digital 解析：修饰code，用digital。 2. The number 9 is a single ________ (digit). (用名词) 答案：digit 解析：digit意为“数字”。 26. audio · 词性：形容词 & 名词 · 词义：音频的；音频 · 近义词：sound, acoustic · 反义词：video, visual · 词形转换：无直接转换，注意audience (听众) 同根。 · 固定搭配：audio book (有声读物)；audio file (音频文件) · 例句：The audio quality is very clear. (音频质量非常清晰。) · 练习题： 1. He recorded the ________ (audio) for the podcast. (用名词) 答案：audio 解析：作宾语，名词“音频”。 2. We need both ________ (audibly) and video equipment. (用形容词) 答案：audio 解析：修饰equipment，用形容词audio。 27. dirt · 词性：名词 · 词义：泥土；尘土 · 近义词：soil, dust · 反义词：cleanliness · 词形转换：dirty (adj.) → dirtiness (n.) · 固定搭配：dirt road (土路)；a layer of dirt (一层灰尘) · 例句：His clothes were covered in dirt. (他的衣服沾满了泥土。) · 练习题： 1. The kids ________ (dirt) their hands playing outside. (用动词过去式) 答案：dirtied 解析：dirty作动词“弄脏”，过去式。 2. The water is too ________ (dirt) to drink. (用形容词) 答案：dirty 解析：be动词后接形容词dirty。 28. track · 词性：名词 & 动词 · 词义：小路；轨道；追踪 · 近义词：path (n.), follow (v.) · 反义词：lose track of (失去线索) · 词形转换：tracked (adj. 有履带的)；tracking (n.) · 固定搭配：on the right track (走对路)；keep track of (记录) · 例句：The train runs on the tracks. (火车在轨道上行驶。) · 练习题： 1. The police ________ (track) the thief all night. (用过去式) 答案：tracked 解析：动词“追踪”的过去式。 2. He lost ________ (track) of time. (用名词) 答案：track 解析：lost track of 固定搭配。 29. wide · 词性：形容词 · 词义：宽的；宽阔的 · 近义词：broad · 反义词：narrow · 词形转换：width (n.) → widen (v.) → widely (adv.) · 固定搭配：wide road (宽阔的路)；wide open (大开的) · 例句：The river is 100 meters wide. (这条河宽100米。) · 练习题： 1. They plan to ________ (wide) the road. (用动词) 答案：widen 解析：动词“加宽”。 2. The ________ (wide) of the room is 5 meters. (用名词) 答案：width 解析：width意为“宽度”。 30. link · 词性：名词 & 动词 · 词义：交通路线；联系；连接 · 近义词：connect (v.), connection (n.) · 反义词：separate, disconnect · 词形转换：linkage (n. 连接) · 固定搭配：link to/with (与……连接)；a link between (……之间的联系) · 例句：The new bridge links the island to the mainland. (新桥把岛屿和大陆连接起来。) · 练习题： 1. There is a strong ________ (link) between smoking and cancer. (用名词) 答案：link 解析：a strong link “强关联”。 2. The two companies are ________ (link) closely. (用过去分词作形容词) 答案：linked 解析：are linked 被连接，表状态。 31. port · 词性：名词 · 词义：港口 · 近义词：harbor, dock · 反义词：inland · 词形转换：portable (adj. 便携的) 不同义；porter (n. 搬运工) · 固定搭配：seaport (海港)；port city (港口城市) · 例句：The ship will leave the port at 6 a.m. (船将在早上六点离开港口。) · 练习题： 1. Shanghai is a major ________ (port) in China. (用名词原形) 答案：port 解析：名词“港口”。 2. The ________ (port) carried our luggage to the train. (用名词指人) 答案：porter 解析：porter 搬运工。 32. capital · 词性：名词 · 词义：首都；资本 · 近义词：metropolis (首都)；funds (资本) · 反义词：province, countryside · 词形转换：capitalize (v. 资本化) · 固定搭配：capital city (首都)；capital market (资本市场) · 例句：Beijing is the capital of China. (北京是中国的首都。) · 练习题： 1. You need a lot of ________ (capital) to start a business. (用名词) 答案：capital 解析：表“资金”，不可数。 2. The company was ________ (capital) by two banks. (用动词过去分词) 答案：capitalized 解析：be capitalized by 由……提供资本。 33. Kenyan · 词性：名词 & 形容词 · 词义：肯尼亚人；肯尼亚的 · 近义词：无 · 反义词：无 · 词形转换：Kenya (n. 肯尼亚) · 固定搭配：Kenyan runner (肯尼亚跑步运动员) · 例句：The Kenyan athlete won the marathon. (那位肯尼亚运动员赢得了马拉松。) · 练习题： 1. ________ (Kenyan) is a country in East Africa. (用国家名词) 答案：Kenya 解析：国家名Kenya。 2. Many ________ (Kenyan) speak Swahili. (用复数名词指人) 答案：Kenyans 解析：指肯尼亚人，复数加s。 34. benefit · 词性：动词 & 名词 · 词义：得益于；使受益；益处 · 近义词：profit (v./n.), advantage (n.) · 反义词：harm, disadvantage · 词形转换：beneficial (adj.) · 固定搭配：benefit from (从……中获益)；be of benefit to (对……有益) · 例句：Regular exercise benefits your health. (经常锻炼有益健康。) · 练习题： 1. Reading is ________ (benefit) to your mind. (用形容词) 答案：beneficial 解析：be beneficial to 对……有益。 2. Who will ________ (benefit) from the new policy? (用动词原形) 答案：benefit 解析：will后接动词原形。 35. be happy with · 词性：形容词短语 · 词义：对……感到满意 · 近义词：be satisfied with, be pleased with · 反义词：be unhappy with, be dissatisfied with · 词形转换：happiness (n.) → happily (adv.) · 固定搭配：be happy with the result (对结果满意) · 例句：She is very happy with her new job. (她对她的新工作很满意。) · 练习题： 1. Everyone wants to find ________ (happy) in life. (用名词) 答案：happiness 解析：find happiness 找到幸福。 2. He smiled ________ (happy) when he saw the gift. (用副词) 答案：happily 解析：修饰动词smiled，用副词。 36. convenient · 词性：形容词 · 词义：方便的 · 近义词：handy, accessible · 反义词：inconvenient · 词形转换：convenience (n.) → conveniently (adv.) · 固定搭配：it is convenient for sb. to do sth. (某人方便做某事) · 例句：It is convenient to pay by mobile phone. (用手机支付很方便。) · 练习题： 1. Online shopping brings great ________ (convenient) to us. (用名词) 答案：convenience 解析：great convenience 极大的便利。 2. The bus stop is ________ (convenient) located near the school. (用副词) 答案：conveniently 解析：修饰located，用副词。 37. business · 词性：名词 · 词义：生意；商业；职责 · 近义词：commerce, trade · 反义词：leisure, hobby · 词形转换：busy (adj.) → business (n.) → businessman (n.) · 固定搭配：on business (出差)；do business with (与……做生意) · 例句：He is in Shanghai on business. (他在上海出差。) · 练习题： 1. She runs a small ________ (busy). (用名词) 答案：business 解析：run a business 经营生意。 2. The shops are very ________ (business) on weekends. (用形容词) 答案：busy 解析：be busy 繁忙。 38. ease · 词性：名词 & 动词 · 词义：容易；自在；缓解 · 近义词：comfort (n.), relieve (v.) · 反义词：difficulty, discomfort · 词形转换：easy (adj.) → easily (adv.) → ease (n.) · 固定搭配：with ease (轻而易举地)；ease pain (缓解疼痛) · 例句：He passed the test with ease. (他轻而易举地通过了考试。) · 练习题： 1. This question is ________ (ease) for me. (用形容词) 答案：easy 解析：be easy for sb. 2. She ________ (ease) the heavy box onto the table. (用动词过去式) 答案：eased 解析：ease作动词“小心地移动”，过去式。 39. with ease · 词性：介词短语，作状语 · 词义：轻而易举地 · 近义词：easily, effortlessly · 反义词：with difficulty · 固定搭配：同短语本身 · 例句：The athlete cleared the hurdle with ease. (运动员轻松跨过栏杆。) · 练习题（由于是短语，结合ease考查）： 1. She solved the problem ________ (ease). (填介词短语) 答案：with ease 解析：固定搭配“轻松地”。 2. It is ________ (ease) to say than to do. (用比较级形容词) 答案：easier 解析：easy的比较级。 40. lorry · 词性：名词 · 词义：卡车（英式） · 近义词：truck (美式) · 反义词：无 · 词形转换：lorry driver (卡车司机) · 固定搭配：by lorry (用卡车运输) · 例句：A lorry carries goods across the country. (卡车在全国各地运送货物。) · 练习题： 1. Several ________ (lorry) were parked in the yard. (用复数) 答案：lorries 解析：以y结尾，变y为i加es。 2. The goods were ________ (lorry) to the port. (用动词，注意这里一般不用lorry做动词，可改为truck作动词。但题目要求转换，建议改：使用“transported by lorry”。此处灵活：The goods were loaded onto ________ (lorry). 用复数） 答案：lorries 解析：onto lorries 指多辆卡车。 （为确保正确，不用lorry作动词，改为名词填空更佳。） 41. manager · 词性：名词 · 词义：经理 · 近义词：director, boss · 反义词：employee, worker · 词形转换：manage (v.) → management (n.) → manager (n.) · 固定搭配：general manager (总经理)；manage time (管理时间) · 例句：The manager is in charge of the team. (经理负责这个团队。) · 练习题： 1. He ________ (manager) a big company. (用动词三单) 答案：manages 解析：manage作动词，主语he三单。 2. Good time ________ (manage) is important. (用名词) 答案：management 解析：time management 时间管理。 42. conclusion · 词性：名词 · 词义：总结；结论 · 近义词：finding, deduction · 反义词：beginning, introduction · 词形转换：conclude (v.) → conclusive (adj.) → concluding (adj.) · 固定搭配：draw a conclusion (得出结论)；in conclusion (总之) · 例句：In conclusion, I’d like to thank everyone. (总之，我想感谢大家。) · 练习题： 1. He ________ (conclusion) his speech with a joke. (用动词过去式) 答案：concluded 解析：conclude “结束”，过去式。 2. There is no ________ (conclude) evidence. (用形容词) 答案：conclusive 解析：conclusive evidence 确凿证据。 43. narrow · 词性：形容词 · 词义：狭窄的 · 近义词：tight, slender · 反义词：wide, broad · 词形转换：narrowly (adv.) → narrowness (n.) → narrow (v. 变窄) · 固定搭配：narrow road (狭窄的路)；a narrow escape (九死一生) · 例句：The gap is too narrow for a car. (缝隙太窄，汽车过不去。) · 练习题： 1. The road ________ (narrow) at the bridge. (用动词三单) 答案：narrows 解析：动词“变窄”，主语三单。 2. He ________ (narrow) missed the bus. (用副词) 答案：narrowly 解析：narrowly missed “差点错过”。 44. villager · 词性：名词 · 词义：村民 · 近义词：peasant, rural dweller · 反义词：city dweller, urbanite · 词形转换：village (n.) → villager (n.) → suburban (adj. 郊区的) · 固定搭配：local villagers (当地村民) · 例句：The villagers helped the lost child. (村民们帮助了迷路的孩子。) · 练习题： 1. He lives in a small ________ (village). (用名词) 答案：village 解析：a small village 小村庄。 2. Many ________ (village) grow their own food. (用复数) 答案：villagers 解析：指多个村民。 45. the Olympics · 词性：专有名词 · 词义：奥林匹克运动会 · 近义词：Olympic Games · 反义词：无 · 词形转换：Olympic (adj.) → Olympian (n./adj.) · 固定搭配：host the Olympics (举办奥运会)；Winter Olympics (冬奥会) · 例句：The Olympics are held every four years. (奥运会每四年举办一次。) · 练习题： 1. She won an ________ (Olympics) gold medal. (用形容词) 答案：Olympic 解析：Olympic gold medal 奥运金牌。 2. The ________ (Olympics) athlete trained very hard. (用形容词形式，但Olympic即可) 答案：Olympic 解析：Olympic athlete 奥运运动员。 46. lead · 词性：动词 (led, led) & 名词 · 词义：带领；过（某种生活）；领先地位；主角 · 近义词：guide (v.), star (n.) · 反义词：follow (v.), supporting role (n.) · 词形转换：leader (n.) → leadership (n.) → misleading (adj.) · 固定搭配：lead to (导致)；lead a simple life (过简朴生活)；take the lead (领先) · 例句：This road leads to the station. (这条路通往车站。) · 练习题： 1. His carelessness ________ (lead) to the accident. (用过去式) 答案：led 解析：lead的过去式是led。 2. She is a born ________ (lead). (用名词) 答案：leader 解析：born leader 天生的领导者。 47. man-made · 词性：形容词 · 词义：人造的；非天然的 · 近义词：artificial, synthetic · 反义词：natural, organic · 词形转换：man (n.) + made (p.p.) → 复合形容词 · 固定搭配：man-made satellite (人造卫星)；man-made disaster (人为灾难) · 例句：The lake is man-made, not natural. (这个湖是人造的，不是天然的。) · 练习题： 1. Many ________ (man-made) objects orbit the Earth. (用形容词) 答案：man-made 解析：修饰objects。 2. They ________ (make) the lake by digging a hole. (用过去式) 答案：made 解析：动词make的过去式。 48. miracle · 词性：名词 · 词义：奇迹 · 近义词：wonder, marvel · 反义词：disaster, tragedy · 词形转换：miraculous (adj.) → miraculously (adv.) · 固定搭配：work a miracle (创造奇迹)；by a miracle (靠奇迹) · 例句：It’s a miracle that he survived. (他幸存下来真是个奇迹。) · 练习题： 1. The doctors performed a ________ (miracle) operation. (用形容词) 答案：miraculous 解析：miraculous operation 神奇的手术。 2. ________ (Miracle), no one was hurt. (用副词) 答案：Miraculously 解析：句首副词修饰整个句子。 49. junior · 词性：形容词 · 词义：低年级的；初级的 · 近义词：lower, younger · 反义词：senior, higher · 词形转换：junior high school (初中)；juniority (n.) · 固定搭配：junior student (低年级学生)；junior teacher (助理教师) · 例句：He is a junior high school student. (他是一名初中生。) · 练习题： 1. She is my ________ (junior) by two years. (用名词“较年轻者”) 答案：junior 解析：my junior 比我年轻的人。 2. The ________ (junior high) will hold a sports meet. (写完整词) 答案：junior high school 解析：初中。 50. flat · 词性：名词 & 形容词 · 词义：公寓；平坦的 · 近义词：apartment (n.), level (adj.) · 反义词：uneven, steep · 词形转换：flatten (v.) → flatness (n.) · 固定搭配：flat surface (平面)；rent a flat (租公寓) · 例句：They live in a small flat. (他们住在一间小公寓里。) · 练习题： 1. The land ________ (flat) out near the river. (用动词三单) 答案：flattens 解析：flatten out 变平坦。 2. He pressed the paper ________ (flat) with his hand. (用形容词作补语) 答案：flat 解析：press sth. flat 压平。 51. discussion · 词性：名词 · 词义：讨论 · 近义词：talk, debate · 反义词：agreement, silence · 词形转换：discuss (v.) → discussion (n.) → undiscussed (adj.) · 固定搭配：have a discussion (进行讨论)；under discussion (在讨论中) · 例句：We had a long discussion about the plan. (我们就计划进行了长时间讨论。) · 练习题： 1. Let’s ________ (discussion) the problem together. (用动词) 答案：discuss 解析：let’s后接动词原形。 2. The topic is still under ________ (discuss). (用名词) 答案：discussion 解析：under discussion 正在讨论中。 52. aspect · 词性：名词 · 词义：方面 · 近义词：side, facet · 反义词：whole, entirety · 词形转换：无直接转换，可联想respect (方面) · 固定搭配：in many aspects (在许多方面)；all aspects of (……的所有方面) · 例句：We should consider every aspect of the problem. (我们应该考虑问题的每个方面。) · 练习题： 1. The new policy influences many ________ (aspect) of our lives. (用复数) 答案：aspects 解析：many + 复数名词。 2. You need to look at the ________ (aspect) from a different angle. 答案：aspect 解析：保留名词形式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $