Unit 6 课时3 Understanding ideas（Grammar）（分层作业）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

Unit 6 Living with nature 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar)分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 单元语法：宾语从句（2） 考点1：引导词的选用 考点2：语序 (宾语从句中从句要用陈述句语序，即从句中的第1动词在主语之后） He asked Jane: “Why don’t you come”? 疑问语序(第1动词don’t 在主语you之前) He asked Jane why she didn’t come last night. 他问简恩为什么昨晚她不来。 陈述语序(第1动词didn’t 在主语you之后) Lucy wanted to know if I could make a cake for you.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。 特殊：①.What’s wrong with …在宾语从句中不变语序。如： I want to know what’s wrong with you.我想知道你怎么啦。 ②. 引导词在从句中做主语时，语序不变。如： Jack asked me who would give us the lecture this afternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。 (who 是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词would give的主语，本身己是陈述语序，不需再变。) 考点3：时态（主现从实，主过从过，真理永现） (1). 主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 “John speaks highly of you.” Tom tells me. →Tom tells me that John speaks highly of me. 汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells, 是一般现在时，从句原时态是speaks,在这里还是用speaks) (2). 主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态。 “When shall we have the meeting?” The boy asked. →The boy asked when they should have the meeting. 男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。 (主句用asked，是一般过去时，从句用相应的某种过去时，这里shall→should) (3). 从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。 “The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher told the students. →The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun. 老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。 (主句用told, 为一般过去时，但从句中the earth goes around the sun是客观事实，所以时态还用一般现在时，不用变) Jim asked me whether the light travels faster than the sound. 考点4.宾语从句的注意问题 （1）宾语从句与简单句的转换：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，从句可以简化为“疑问词+不定式” 结构。 如：I don’t know what I should do next. =I don’t know what to do next. 我不知道接下来要做什么。 （2）宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句谓语动词think，suppose，believe等后接宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称，变否定句时应否定主句。如：I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。 一、单项选择 1．I want to know ________ I should do to improve my reading ability. A．when B．who C．where D．what 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我想知道为了提高我的阅读能力我应该做什么。 when什么时候；who谁；where哪里；what什么。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作动词do的宾语，指代“做的事情”，应用what。 2．—Do you know ________ decided that blue jeans are cool for kids? —Maybe the fashion industry and popular culture. A．who B．that C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道是谁决定蓝色牛仔裤对孩子们来说很酷吗？——也许是时尚行业和流行文化。 who谁；that那；what什么；when什么时候。答语“Maybe the fashion industry and popular culture.”提示，此处询问的是做出决定的主体，应用who引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。 3．Can you tell me ________ character you like best? A．which B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你最喜欢哪一个角色吗？ which哪一个；who谁；what什么。根据"like best"可知是在一定范围内进行选择，侧重“哪一个”，应用which。 4．Could you tell me ________ book is more suitable for beginners? A．that B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能告诉我哪本书更适合初学者吗？ that那个；which哪一个；who谁；whose谁的。根据“Could you tell me...book is more suitable for beginners?”可知，此处询问哪一本书更适合初学者，应填which。 5．—I wonder ______ sweater it is on the bag. —It may be Tom’s. This is his bag. A．whose B．who C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想知道包上的毛衣是谁的。——可能是Tom的。这是他的包。 考查宾语从句的连接词。whose谁的；who谁；what什么；how如何。问句为宾语从句，且从句中缺少定语。根据“It may be Tom’s”可知，问句询问所有者，用whose，作定语。故选A。 6．—Can you tell me ________ the movable-type printing was invented? —In the Song Dynasty. A．when B．where C．who D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我活字印刷术是什么时候发明的吗？——在宋朝。 when什么时候；where在哪里；who谁；how怎样。根据“In the Song Dynasty”可知空格处是询问时间，故用when引导宾语从句。 7．—Could you tell me ________ the film starts? —I think it begins at 7 pm. A．how B．why C．when D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我电影什么时候开始吗？——我认为它在晚上7 点开始。 how如何；why为什么；when什么时候；where哪里。根据答语“I think it begins at 7 pm.”可知，回答的是具体时间，所以问句询问的是时间。应填when。 8．—Where is Linda? —She has been away for an hour. I don’t know _________ she is now. A．where B．who C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——琳达在哪里？——她已经离开一个小时了。我不知道她现在在哪里。 where哪里；who谁；what什么；how怎样。根据问句“Where is Linda?”可知询问地点，结合答语她已离开一小时，可知答语不知道她现在的地点。 9．—Could you tell me ________ the nearest coffee shop is located? —It’s located just around the corner on Main Street. A．where B．which C．whether D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我最近的咖啡店位于哪里吗？——它就在主街拐角处。 where哪里；which哪一个；whether是否；how怎样。根据“It’s located just around the corner on Main Street.”可知，此处是询问地点，where符合语境。 10．—Could you tell me ________ I should behave when I meet foreign guests? —Just remember when in Rome, do as the Romans do. A．where B．what C．how D．why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我当遇到外国客人时我应该如何表现吗？——请记住，入乡随俗。 where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。答语“Just remember when in Rome, do as the Romans do.”提示，问句询问的是行为举止的方式，应用how引导宾语从句。 11．—I wonder ________ to the beach for the holiday. —Why not take the high-speed train? It’s fast and comfortable. A．how will we go B．how we will go C．when will we go D．when we will go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道我们假期将如何去海滩。——为什么不坐高铁呢？它又快又舒服。 宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语”，排除疑问语序的A和C；根据答语建议乘坐高铁可知，询问的是交通方式，应用how引导，排除询问时间的D。 12．—Do you know ________ our school started the “Four Good Habits” activity? —To help students develop better daily behavior. A．why B．where C．when D．whether 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道我们学校为什么开展“四好习惯”活动吗？——为了帮助学生养成更好的日常行为习惯。 why为什么；where在哪里；when什么时候；whether是否。根据答句“To help students develop better daily behavior.”可知，此处是询问开展“四好习惯”活动的原因，应填why。 13．The giant didn’t understand ________ his garden was still covered with snow. A．that B．why C．what D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：巨人不明白为什么他的花园仍然被雪覆盖着。 that那；why为什么；what什么；which哪一个。根据“The giant didn’t understand…his garden was still covered with snow.”可知，从句结构完整，结合语境巨人是对花园积雪的原因感到困惑，应用why引导宾语从句。 14．—The AI helper MedRAX can read X-ray pictures very well! But I wonder _________. —It learned from millions of pictures of sick people. A．when we can use it B．who developed it C．why is it so smart D．how it was trained 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——AI助手 MedRAX读X光片非常棒！但我想知道它是如何被训练的。——它是从数百万张病人的图片中学习到的。 when we can use it我们什么时候可以使用它；who developed it谁开发了它；why is it so smart为什么它如此聪明；how it was trained它是如何被训练的。宾语从句需用陈述语序，C项是疑问语序，排除；根据答语“It learned from millions of pictures of sick people.”可知，回答的是学习或训练的方式。应填how it was trained。 15．—How’s the weather tomorrow? I don’t know if it ________ tomorrow. —Well, if it ________, I won’t go out with you. A．will rain; will rain B．rains; rains C．rains; will rain D．will rain; rains 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——明天的天气怎么样？我不知道明天是否会下雨。——嗯，如果下雨，我就不和你出去了。 第一个if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，根据时间状语“tomorrow”可知应用一般将来时will rain；第二个if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，主语“it”是第三人称单数，应用rains。 16．I wonder ________ the post office is open on weekends. A．that B．if C．what D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道邮局周末是否开门。 that那；if是否；what什么；where在哪里。根据“I wonder”可知表示不确定，且从句结构完整，表示“是否”的含义，应用 if 引导。 17．—Let’s go fishing if it ________ fine this weekend. —But nobody knows if it ________. A．is, will rain B．will be, rains C．will be, will rain D．is, rains 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——如果这周末天气好，我们去钓鱼吧。——但没人知道是否会下雨。 第一空，if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，主句是祈使句，从句需用一般现在时，主语it后需用be动词is；第二空，if引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，根据时间状语this weekend可知描述将来情况，应用一般将来时will rain。 18．—I hear that Wang Nan will come to Taiyuan. Do you know _________? —Next week. A．when he will come B．when did he come C．when will he come D．when he came 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我听说王楠要来太原。你知道他什么时候来吗？——下周。 宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”，排除B、C两项；根据答语“Next week”可知动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，排除D项。故填when he will come。 19．I truly know ________ Chinese tea is very popular around the world. A．that B．who C．where D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我确实知道中国茶在世界各地非常受欢迎。 that（连接词，无实义）；who谁；where在哪里；who谁。分析句子结构，空格后是一个成分完整的陈述句，在主句动词know后作宾语，属于宾语从句。当宾语从句是陈述句时，应用连接词that引导，that在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有实际意义。 20．—I’d like to buy a new jacket, but I don’t know ________. —How about this one? A．which should I choose B．which I should choose C．where I can get it D．where can I get it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想买一件新夹克，但我不知道该选哪一件。——这个怎么样？ 宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“连接词 + 主语 + 谓语”，选项A和D为疑问语序，故排除；根据答语“How about this one?”可知，此处语境是在商量选哪一件，而不是询问在哪里购买，故排除C，which I should choose符合语境。 21．—English Drama Festival is coming! Can you tell me ________? —Sure. We are writing a wonderful play for it now. A．when the festival is B．what you are doing for the festival C．when is the festival D．what are you doing for the festival 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——英语戏剧节就要来了！你能告诉我你们正在为这个节日做什么吗？——当然可以。我们现在正在为它写一个精彩的剧本。 when the festival is节日是什么时候；what you are doing for the festival你们正在为这个节日做什么；when is the festival节日是什么时候，疑问语序；what are you doing for the festival你们正在为这个节日做什么，疑问语序。根据句子结构可知，该空是宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，先排除C和D；根据下面的回答“We are writing a wonderful play for it now”可知，这里问的是正在为这个戏剧节做些什么。应填what you are doing for the festival。 22．— Which sentence from ancient Chinese poems do you like best? — “If you have friends who know your heart, distance (距离) cannot keep you apart” is my favorite. It reminds us ________. A．how can we find true friendship B．how hard it is to keep friendship C．how strong true friendship can be D．that we shouldn’t keep far from our friends 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪句中国古诗？——“海内存知己，天涯若比邻”是我最喜欢的。它提醒我们真正的友谊有多么坚固。 how can we find true friendship我们如何能找到真正的友谊；how hard it is to keep friendship 维持友谊有多么困难；how strong true friendship can be真正的友谊可以有多么强大；that we shouldn’t keep far from our friends我们不应该与朋友保持距离。根据诗句“距离不能将你们分开”可知，此处强调友谊能超越距离，非常坚固。A是疑问句语序，B项和D项表达的含义与诗句寓意不符。 23．I’d like to know _________ there are any Chinese classics of literature. A．that B．if C．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想要知道是否有一些中国文学经典。 根据语境：that“那”；if“是否”；what“什么”。从句“there are any Chinese classics of literature”结构完整、不缺成分，结合句意可知此处表示“是否”，应该用if引导宾语从句，因此应选if。 24．She believes ________ her daughter ________ up with the latest fashion soon. A．that; will keep B．if; will keep C．that; keeps D．if; keeps 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她相信她的女儿不久将会跟上最新的时尚。 believes后接宾语从句陈述观点，引导词应用that；根据时间状语soon可知，从句动作发生在将来，谓语动词用一般将来时will keep。 25．—Do you know ________? —I’m not sure. Let’s ask Miss Li for help. A．which subject should we choose B．what we can do with the rest of material C．that Bob went to the library just now D．which museum does Kevin like best 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道我们能用剩余的材料做什么吗？——我不确定。让我们向李老师寻求帮助吧。 宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“连接词 + 主语 + 谓语”。A项should we choose 和D项does Kevin like 均为疑问语序，排除；结合答语“向李老师寻求帮助”可知，此处是在询问处理材料的方法，C项陈述事实不符合语境，B项语序正确且符合句意。 26．—Could you tell me ________ in Thailand? —You shouldn’t touch anyone’s head. It’s considered impolite. A．what should I not do B．what I should not do C．that I should not do D．if I should not do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我在泰国我不应该做什么吗？——你不应该碰任何人的头，这被认为是不礼貌的。 what should I not do（疑问句语序，不符合宾语从句规则）；what I should not do（陈述语序，符合宾语从句要求）；that I should not do（that引导宾语从句时无实际意义，此处缺少“什么”的含义）；if I should not do（if表“是否”，不符合语境）。宾语从句需用陈述语序，且此处询问“不应该做的事”，应填what I should not do。 27．I don’t know ________ the meeting will begin. Could you tell me the time? A．where B．when C．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道会议什么时候开始。你能告诉我时间吗？ where哪里；when什么时候；what什么。根据后句“Could you tell me the time?”可知，询问的是会议开始的时间，应该用when引导宾语从句。 28．Our family is going to travel to Yunnan this May Day Holiday. I wonder ________ to prepare. A．what B．who C．why D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们全家打算这个五一假期去云南旅游。我想知道要准备什么。 what什么；who谁，指人，why为什么；表原因，where哪里，表地点。根据语境可知要去旅游，结合“to prepare”可知是想知道需要准备什么东西。因此用what。 29．I want to know ________ you like best about the Spring Festival. A．that B．if C．what D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想知道关于春节你最喜欢什么。 that无实义；if是否；what什么；where哪里。根据“I want to know…you like best about the Spring Festival.”可知，从句中like是及物动词，缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用what引导宾语从句。应填what。 30．—Do you know ________? —To remember Qu Yuan. A．why do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival B．why people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival C．when people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival D．where do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道人们为什么庆祝端午节吗？——为了纪念屈原。 why do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival人们为什么庆祝端午节（疑问句语序）；why people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival人们为什么庆祝端午节（陈述句语序）；when people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival人们何时庆祝端午节（陈述句语序）；where do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival人们在哪里庆祝端午节（疑问句语序）。根据答句“To remember Qu Yuan”可知，问句询问的是“为什么”庆祝端午节，且宾语从句应用陈述句语序，应填why people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival。 31．—Could you tell me ______? —He is a doctor. He works in a hospital near our school. A．what your father does B．where your father works C．how your father goes to work D．when your father goes to work 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你父亲是做什么的吗？——他是一名医生。他在我们学校附近的一家医院工作。 根据答语“He is a doctor.”可知，此处主要询问的是职业，A符合题意。 32．—Do you know ______ the meeting will begin? —At 9:00 tomorrow morning. A．when B．where C．how D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道会议什么时候开始吗？——明天上午九点。 when什么时候；where哪里；how怎样；why为什么。根据答语“At 9:00 tomorrow morning”可知，询问的是时间，应用when引导宾语从句。 33．He didn’t tell me ________ the meeting would start, so I was late. A．when B．where C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他没有告诉我会议什么时候开始，所以我迟到了。 when什么时候；where在哪里；what什么；how如何、怎样；根据句中的结果“so I was late（所以我迟到了）”可知，前半句强调的是“不知道会议开始的时间”，应选when。 34．—Ella, why is the famous poem “Nothing is difficult in the world if you dare to climb” meaningful? —Because it tells us ________. A．why we should give up when facing trouble B．that nothing is impossible if we work hard C．how can people finish their work easily D．that it’s not difficult to climb mountains 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Ella，为什么著名诗句“世上无难事，只要肯攀登”很有意义？——因为它告诉我们只要努力没有什么是不可能的。 why we should give up when facing trouble当我们面对困难时为什么应该放弃；that nothing is impossible if we work hard如果我们努力工作，没有什么是不可能的；how can people finish their work easily人们如何能轻松完成工作；that it’s not difficult to climb mountains爬山并不难。根据诗句“Nothing is difficult in the world if you dare to climb”可知，其寓意是鼓励人们勇于面对困难，坚持努力就能成功。应填that nothing is impossible if we work hard。 35．— Tom, could you tell me ________? — Sure. It tells a story about a brave boy who loves reading. A．what the book is about B．how much is the book C．where did you buy the book D．when you finished the book 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你能告诉我这本书是关于什么的吗？——当然。它讲述了一个关于一个热爱阅读的勇敢男孩的故事。 宾语从句需要用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语”，B项“is the book”和 C项“did you buy”是疑问语序，故排除；根据答语“It tells a story about...”可知询问的是书的内容，应用what引导。 36．They help people understand ______ nature works this way. A．why B．what C．when D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们帮助人们理解大自然为什么这样运作。 why为什么，引导原因；what什么，在宾语从句中作主语/宾语，从句不缺成分，因此语法错误；when什么时候，引导时间，不符合语境；where在哪里，引导地点，不符合语境。understand后接宾语从句，需要一个引导词来连接从句。根据“nature works this way”可知，此处是指理解大自然这样运作的原因，应用why引导宾语从句。应填why。 37．—Could you tell me ________ the meeting ________ tomorrow morning? —I need to make a schedule. A．if; will start B．that; starts C．when; start D．where; will starts 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我会议明天上午是否会开始吗？——我需要制定一个日程表。 if是否；that引导宾语从句，无实义；when什么时候；where哪里。第一空，主句“Could you tell me...”后接宾语从句，根据答句“我需要制定日程表”可知，问句是在询问会议的相关情况，结合选项，if符合语境；第二空，时间状语“tomorrow morning”表示将来，宾语从句需用一般将来时“will start”。 38．Zengzi was a student of Confucius. He once said, “I examine myself three times every day.” This is to tell us ________. A．how can we correct our mistakes B．why we should respect ourselves C．what we need to do to become better D．whether we can live a better life 【答案】C 【详解】句意：曾子是孔子的学生，他曾说“吾日三省吾身”，这句话是为了告诉我们：我们需要做什么来变得更好。 how can we correct our mistakes我们怎样纠正我们的错误，疑问语序；why we should respect ourselves为什么我们要尊重自己；what we need to do to become better我们需要做什么来变得更好；whether we can live a better life我们能否过上更好的生活。根据“He once said, ‘I examine myself three times every day.’ This is to tell us…”可知，本句为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除A；B、D均与自省无关。应填what we need to do to become better。 39．I want to know ________ to the old man just now. A．what happens B．what happened C．what is happening D．what has happened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道刚才这位老人发生了什么事。 “just now”表示过去的时间，需用一般过去时，应填what happened。 40．She told me ________ she bought a new dress yesterday. A．that B．if C．when D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她告诉我她昨天买了一条新裙子。 that引导陈述事实的宾语从句，无实际意义；if是否；when什么时候；where哪里。本句是宾语从句，从句“she bought a new dress yesterday.”结构完整，且表示陈述事实，用that引导宾语从句。 一、完成句子 1．I don’t know. What does he like doing in his free time? (合并成一个句子) I don’t know ________ ________ ________ doing in his free time. 【答案】 what he likes 【详解】句意：我不知道。他空闲时间喜欢做什么？根据题干要求，合并成一个句子后应为宾语从句，且宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“疑问词+主语+谓语”的结构，原句中的疑问词为what，主语为he，时态为一般现在时，谓语为likes。 2．What does Peter prefer to do? Peter’s mother wanted to know. (合并成宾语从句) Peter’s mother wanted to know ________ Peter ________ to do. 【答案】 what preferred 【详解】句意：彼得更喜欢做什么？彼得的妈妈想知道。原句是特殊疑问句“What does Peter prefer to do?”，合并为宾语从句时，需保留原疑问词what作为引导词；主句“Peter’s mother wanted to know”是一般过去时，从句也需要用一般过去时，prefer的过去式是preferred。故填what；preferred。 3．“When will the flight arrive?” the passenger asked the attendant. (改为宾语从句) The passenger asked the attendant ________ the flight ________ arrive. 【答案】 when would 【详解】句意：“航班什么时候能到？”乘客问乘务员。改为宾语从句时，从句用原来的疑问词when引导宾语从句，根据“asked”可知，主句是一般过去时，从句要相应调整为过去将来时would arrive。故填when；would。 4．Where will the lecture be held? Could you tell me? (改为宾语从句) Could you tell me ________ the lecture ________ be held? 【答案】 where will 【详解】句意：讲座将在哪里举行？你能告诉我吗？原句中“Where will the lecture be held?”是特殊疑问句，在将其改为宾语从句时，需要保留特殊疑问词“where”作为从句的引导词，以表明询问的内容是关于地点的。同时，原句中的“will”作为将来时的助动词，在宾语从句中应保持不变，以维持原句的时态意义。因此，在宾语从句中，我们使用“where”作为引导词，后接原句的谓语部分“will be held”。 5．Could you tell me? How can I get to the nearest bus station?（合并成一个句子） Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ get to the nearest bus station? 【答案】 how I can 【详解】句意：你能告诉我？我怎么才能到最近的公交车站吗？主句“Could you tell me”后接宾语从句，宾语从句需使用陈述语序。原特殊疑问句中疑问词how需保留，同时调整语序为how I can。合并后的句子：Could you tell me how I can get to the nearest bus station?，其中how引导宾语从句，I为主语，can get为谓语，符合陈述语序。 6．The giant didn’t understand. Why was spring so late? (合并为宾语从句) The giant didn’t understand ________ spring ________ so late. 【答案】 why was 【详解】句意：巨人不懂。为什么春天来得这么晚？此处需将疑问句“Why was spring so late?”转换为宾语从句，作“understand”的宾语。空格①需用疑问词“why”引导宾语从句；空格②所在从句需用陈述句语序，主语“spring”后接系动词“was”。 7．Which movie did you watch last Sunday? Could you tell me? (改为宾语从句) Could you tell me ________ movie you ________ last Sunday? 【答案】 which watched 【详解】句意：你上星期天看了哪部电影？你能告诉我吗？改为宾语从句时，将问句的特殊疑问词which用作宾语从句的连接词，第一空填which，意为“哪一个”；宾语从句应用陈述语序，分析句子结构可知从句缺谓语动词，故第二空填谓语动词watch，且由“last Sunday”可知从句为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，watch的过去式为规则变化，直接在词尾加-ed。故填which；watched。 8．Who is the woman under the tree? Do you know?（合并为一句） Do you know ________ ________ ________ under the tree ________? 【答案】 who the woman is 【详解】句意：树底下的那个女人是谁？你知道吗？原句是两个独立的简单句，要合并为含有宾语从句的复合句。在宾语从句中，需使用陈述语序（即“连接词 + 主语 + 谓语”的结构 ）。原句中对“谁”提问的特殊疑问词是“who”，它作为连接词引导宾语从句，从句的主语是“the woman”，谓语是“is”，所以合并后为“Do you know who the woman under the tree is?”。故填who; the; woman; is。 9．“How can we make the food tasty?” The cook asked me. (两句合并成一句) The cook asked me ________ we ________ make the food tasty. 【答案】 how could 【详解】句意：厨师问我：“我们怎样才能使食物可口呢？”。题意：两句合并成一句。直接引语可以改成宾语从句，变为间接引语，根据“asked”可知，主句为一般过去时，从句要使用过去的某种时态，宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序。从句应用how引导，can变为其过去式could。故填how；could。 10．“Are you focusing on the teacher’s gesture?” Ms. Li asked me. (改为宾语从句) Ms. Li asked me ________ I ________ focusing on the teacher’s gesture. 【答案】 if/whether was 【详解】句意：“你在关注老师的手势吗？”李老师问我。 直接引语是一般疑问句，改为宾语从句时需用if/whether引导；主句“Ms. Li asked me”为一般过去时，从句时态需要从现在进行时改为过去进行时，主语I对应的be动词用was。 故填if/whether；was。 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Lena was seven when she started Arting for You. For this project, Lena collected artworks and donated 1 to homeless kids around her hometown. “My grandma always wanted to give back to others,” Lena, now fifteen, told TIME Kids, “I 2 by that.” Two years later, 3 girl started a small business called Positively Lena. It sells products 4 heart-warming messages on them. For example, it introduces how to deal with bullies bravely. “ 5 we don’t spread hope, the world can be a really hard place,” Lena says. Over the years, she 6 workshops on creative writing, handcraft making as well as problem solving, and she has helped many people in need. Lena also gives away 7 she receives to charity. “Being kind means making someone happy,” Lena says. “It can be something as 8 as giving someone praise, like ‘Hey, your shirt looks nice.’ A small greeting like this can brighten someone’s day. 9 the world a better place, even a small effort can go a long way.” Lena hopes more people take action to spread 10 . “If we want to grow up with kind people around us, we need to be kind to others,” she says. 1．A．they B．them C．their 2．A．encouraged B．was encouraged C．was encouraging 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．by B．for C．with 5．A．If B．Although C．Because 6．A．will hold B．held C．has held 7．A．what B．how C．that 8．A．simple B．simpler C．the simplest 9．A．Make B．Making C．To make 10．A．kind B．kindness C．kindly 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】 本讲述了Lena从7岁开始践行善意，通过艺术捐赠、创办小生意、举办工作坊等方式帮助他人，传递“小善举也能改变世界”的理念。 1．句意：在这个项目中，Lena收集艺术品并把它们捐赠给家乡附近无家可归的孩子。 动词donated后需接人称代词宾格作宾语，指代前文的artworks，用them。they是主格，their是形容词性物主代词，均不符合语法要求。 2．句意：“我奶奶总是想回馈他人，”15岁的Lena告诉《TIME Kids》，“我被她的想法鼓舞了。” 主语I和动词encourage是被动关系，且事件发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态was encouraged。encouraged是主动语态，was encouraging是过去进行时，均不符合语境。 3．句意：两年后，这个女孩创办了一家名为“Positively Lena”的小生意。 此处特指前文提到的Lena，用定冠词the。a和an表泛指，不符合语境。 4．句意：它售卖带有暖心留言的产品。 表达“带有……的物品” 用介词with，即products with heart-warming messages。by表方式，for表目的，均不符合搭配逻辑。 5．句意：“如果我们不传播希望，世界会变成一个非常艰难的地方，”Lena说。 引导条件状语从句，表达假设关系，用If。Although表让步，Because表因果，均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：这些年来，她举办了关于创意写作、手工制作以及解决问题的工作坊，帮助了很多有需要的人。 Over the years是现在完成时的标志，主语she是第三人称单数，用has held。will hold表将来，held表一般过去时，均不符合时态要求。 7．句意：Lena 还把她收到的东西捐赠给慈善机构。 引导宾语从句，在从句中作receives的宾语，指代“收到的物品”，用what。how表方式，that在宾语从句中不作成分，均不符合语法要求。 8．句意：它可以是像给某人赞美一样简单的事情，比如“嘿，你的衬衫真好看。” as…as结构中间用形容词或副词原级，表达“和……一样简单”，用simple。simpler是比较级，the simplest是最高级，均不符合结构要求。 9．句意：为了让世界变得更美好，即使是小小的努力也能走得很远。 此处用不定式To make作目的状语，表达“为了让……”。Make是动词原形，Making是动名词，均不符合语法要求。 10．句意：Lena希望更多人行动起来传播善意。 动词spread后需接名词作宾语，表达“传播善意”，用kindness。kind是形容词，kindly是副词，均不符合语法要求。 二、完形填空 Nature has given us many amazing wonders. One of the most famous is the Grand Canyon in the United States. The Colorado River 1 it over millions of years. The canyon is about 446 kilometers long and up to 1.6 kilometers deep, with rocks in different colors. When you stand on the edge of the canyon, you will be 2 at its great beauty. The view 3 with the time of day—at sunrise, the rocks turn red, and at sunset, they look golden. It’s 4 to believe the great power (力量) of nature until you see it with your own eyes. Many 5 from all over the world come to visit it every year. They can hike along the trails, take a helicopter tour, or just sit and enjoy the peaceful scenery. Some of them also take photos to 6 the beautiful moments. The Grand Canyon is not only a natural wonder, but also a 7 of nature’s power. It tells us how amazing the world is. We should 8 it well, because natural wonders are very precious (珍贵的). We need to make sure that they will stay beautiful for future generations (子孙后代) to see. It is a special 9 to visit the Grand Canyon. It makes us love nature more and 10 understand the importance of protecting the earth. 1．A．created B．presented C．checked D．discovered 2．A．patient B．shocked C．thankful D．lonely 3．A．changes B．remains C．survives D．disappears 4．A．easy B．risky C．hard D．normal 5．A．coaches B．writers C．workers D．travellers 6．A．deal B．express C．record D．manage 7．A．stage B．symbol C．decision D．purpose 8．A．protect B．control C．test D．press 9．A．failure B．object C．medicine D．experience 10．A．politely B．quietly C．luckily D．clearly 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了美国大峡谷的壮丽景观，由科罗拉多河经数百万年冲刷而成，其色彩随日光变幻，吸引全球游客前来游览、记录美景，并呼吁人们珍惜和保护这份珍贵的自然遗产。 1．句意：科罗拉多河经过数百万年造就了它。 河流长期侵蚀形成了峡谷，created“创造/造就”符合语境。presented“呈现”、checked“检查”、discovered“发现”均不能表达河流经数百万年“形成/造就”峡谷的自然过程。 2．句意：当你站在峡谷边缘时，你会被它的壮美所震撼。 be shocked at“被……震撼”是固定搭配，shocked符合语境。patient“耐心的”、thankful“感激的”、lonely“孤独的”均不能表达面对奇观时的强烈惊叹。 3．句意：景色随着一天的时间而变化——日出时岩石变红，日落时呈金色。 with the time of day提示景色会changes“变化”，符合语境。remains“保持”、survives“幸存”、disappears“消失”均与后文“不同时间颜色不同”的描述矛盾。 4．句意：很难相信大自然的力量，除非你亲眼所见。 It’s hard to believe“很难相信”是常用表达，hard符合语境。easy“容易”与后文until逻辑相反、risky“有风险的”、normal“正常的”均不能表达“难以置信”的感叹。 5．句意：每年有许多来自世界各地的游客来参观。 来参观大峡谷的人是travellers“游客”，符合语境。coaches“教练”、writers“作家”、workers“工人”均不能概括“世界各地来参观的人”的群体。 6．句意：他们中有些人还拍照来记录美好时刻。 take photos的目是record“记录”美好瞬间，符合语境。deal“处理”、express“表达”、manage“管理”均不能与take photos构成“拍照留念”的目的关系。 7．句意：大峡谷不仅是自然奇观，也是大自然力量的象征。 a symbol of“……的象征”是固定搭配，symbol符合语境。stage“舞台”、decision“决定”、purpose“目的”均不能与nature’s power构成“象征”的语义。 8．句意：我们应该好好保护它，因为自然奇观非常珍贵。 precious提示需要protect“保护”，符合语境。control“控制”、test“测试”、press“按压”均不能与“珍贵、需要留给子孙后代”的呼吁对应。 9．句意：参观大峡谷是一次特别的经历。 a special experience“一次特别的经历”，experience符合语境。failure“失败”、object“物体”、medicine“药”均不能概括“游览大峡谷”的事件。 10．句意：它让我们更加热爱自然，更清楚地理解保护地球的重要性。 修饰动词understand需用副词clearly“清楚地”，符合语境。politely“礼貌地”、quietly“安静地”、luckily“幸运地”均不能描述“理解程度的加深”。 三、阅读理解 阅读填空(七选五)。以下是关于都江堰的介绍，请你根据上下文内容补全语篇。选项中有两项为多余项。 On July 24, 2024, Dujiangyan in Sichuan Province successfully faced the largest flood peak in nearly 10 years. 1 This ancient system,over 2,280 years old,continues to protect the Chengdu Plain from flooding. Located on the Minjiang River, Dujiangyan is one of the world’s oldest irrigation (灌溉) systems. 2 It is even considered by some to be a greater wonder than the Great Wall because of its long-term benefits. The project is wisely designed with three main parts: Yuzui, Feishayan, and Baopingkou. 3 Yuzui, shaped like a fish mouth,divides the rushing river into inner and outer streams to control the water flow. 4 That’s where Feishayan helps—it allows the extra water and sand to flow out. Behind it, Baopingkou directs the water into the Chengdu Plain. 5 During floods, the channel behind Feishayan helps drain the overflow(排洪). This amazing ancient project, built by smart Chinese people, continues to protect the land and its people, showing how clever ancient engineering was. A．Each part has a unique function, and all must work properly to avoid danger. B．The inner river flows more slowly but still carries much sand. C．Its smart design uses natural features to save water. D．It has served people for more than 2,000 years. E．If the water cannot be released fully, the water level may rise. F．The system shows how ancient engineering protected people and their land. G．Despite its age, it effectively controls floods and irrigates farmland. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．E 【导语】都江堰是世界上历史最悠久的水利灌溉系统之一，历经两千余年风雨，至今仍在防洪、灌溉等方面发挥着重要作用。本文介绍了都江堰的构造与功能。 1．前句提到“2024年7月24日，四川都江堰成功应对了近10年来最大的洪峰”，后句提到“这个有2280多年历史的古老系统，继续保护成都平原免受洪水侵袭”。G选项承上启下，既呼应了洪峰事件，又引出都江堰的作用，符合语境。 2．前句介绍“都江堰位于岷江，是世界上最古老的灌溉系统之一”，后句提到“有人甚至认为它比长城更伟大，因为它带来了长期的益处”。D选项补充了都江堰的历史，衔接后句的“长期益处”，符合逻辑。 3．前句提到“工程由鱼嘴、飞沙堰、宝瓶口三个主要部分巧妙设计而成”，后文开始分别介绍各部分的功能。A选项总起下文，引出对三个部分的介绍，符合语境。 4．前句提到“鱼嘴像鱼嘴一样，将湍急的河流分为内江和外江来控制水流”，后句提到“这就是飞沙堰的作用——它让多余的水和沙子流出”。B选项承接鱼嘴的分流，说明内江的特点，从而引出飞沙堰的作用，衔接自然，符合题意。 5．前句提到“宝瓶口将水引入成都平原”，后句提到“洪水期间，飞沙堰后的渠道帮助排洪”。E选项If the water cannot be released fully, the water level may rise.（如果水不能完全排出，水位可能会上升）符合题意。 四、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 from  how  because  work  may  sign  with  scary  locate  face  one  that During the National Day holiday, many people visited the mysterious Ailao Mountains in Yunnan. The government manages this area. It says 1 tourists are safe if they follow the rules and stay in open areas. Anyone who goes into closed areas may 2 a fine (罚款) of up to 5,000 yuan. A blogger posted a video of the mountains. The mountains looked 3 and foggy. There were warning 4 about bears. These signs made people nervous but also curious. Many tourists came to see the mountains. This caused traffic jams on the mountain roads. The Ailao Mountains are 5 in central Yunnan and cover three cities. People call these mountains the “Forest of Death” 6 they have deep valleys, thick forests, and unpredictable (变幻莫测的) weather. This area has 7 of the largest and most complete forest ecosystems. It is natural and far 8 cities. Many mysterious stories are told about this place. The edges of the mountains are open to the public. However, deep in the mountains, tourists cannot go. People wonder 9 they can keep safe when traveling here. The answer is following the rules. There are no roads. The weather can be very bad, and people 10 feel sick because of the high altitude. Also, the magnetic field can make compasses stop working, so it is easy to get lost. 【答案】 1．that 2．face 3．scary 4．signs 5．located 6．because 7．one 8．from 9．how 10．may 【导语】本文介绍哀牢山的神秘危险、管理规则及游客安全注意事项。 1．句意：它表示，只要游客遵守规则并待在开放区域，就是安全的。空处在动词“says”后，空后是完整的句子，所以空处引导宾语从句，从句结构和意义完整，用that引导，无实义。 2．句意：任何进入封闭区域的人都可能面临最高5000元的罚款。空前有情态动词may，此处需填动词原形，face a fine意为“面临罚款”，符合“进入封闭区域将受处罚”的语境。 3．句意：这座山看起来既吓人又雾蒙蒙的。空前有“looked”，此处需填形容词作表语，scary“吓人的”，与后文“foggy”并列描述山脉给人的感觉，符合“视频中哀牢山神秘可怖”的语境。 4．句意：有关于熊的警示牌。后文“These signs”提示，此处指警示牌，此处需填名词，sign“标志、牌子”，由“There were”可知，应用名词复数形式signs。 5．句意：哀牢山位于云南中部，覆盖三个城市。固定短语be located in表示“位于”，符合“介绍山脉地理位置”的语境。 6．句意：人们称这些山为“死亡森林”，因为它们有深谷、茂密的森林和变幻莫测的天气。空前说明结果（被称为死亡森林），空后解释原因（自然条件恶劣），此处需填连词，“because”意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句，符合因果关系逻辑。 7．句意：该地区拥有最大、最完整的森林生态系统之一。“one of + 最高级 + 名词复数”结构，意为“最……的……之一”，强调该地区生态价值“拥有最大、最完整的森林生态系统之一”。 8．句意：它是自然的，远离城市。固定短语far from表示“远离”，符合“哀牢山偏僻原始”的语境。 9．句意：人们想知道在这里旅行时如何保证安全。空前有“wonder”，此处需填连接词引导宾语从句，how“如何、怎样”，询问安全旅行的方法，符合“游客对安全的关切”的语境。 10．句意：天气可能非常糟糕，而且由于海拔高，人们可能会感到不适。空前有“people”，空后有“feel”，此处需填情态动词表示可能性，may“可能”，符合“高海拔导致身体不适的推测”的语境。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Living with nature 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar)分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 单元语法：宾语从句（2） 考点1：引导词的选用 考点2：语序 (宾语从句中从句要用陈述句语序，即从句中的第1动词在主语之后） He asked Jane: “Why don’t you come”? 疑问语序(第1动词don’t 在主语you之前) He asked Jane why she didn’t come last night. 他问简恩为什么昨晚她不来。 陈述语序(第1动词didn’t 在主语you之后) Lucy wanted to know if I could make a cake for you.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。 特殊：①.What’s wrong with …在宾语从句中不变语序。如： I want to know what’s wrong with you.我想知道你怎么啦。 ②. 引导词在从句中做主语时，语序不变。如： Jack asked me who would give us the lecture this afternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。 (who 是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词would give的主语，本身己是陈述语序，不需再变。) 考点3：时态（主现从实，主过从过，真理永现） (1). 主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 “John speaks highly of you.” Tom tells me. →Tom tells me that John speaks highly of me. 汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells, 是一般现在时，从句原时态是speaks,在这里还是用speaks) (2). 主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态。 “When shall we have the meeting?” The boy asked. →The boy asked when they should have the meeting. 男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。 (主句用asked，是一般过去时，从句用相应的某种过去时，这里shall→should) (3). 从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。 “The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher told the students. →The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun. 老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。 (主句用told, 为一般过去时，但从句中the earth goes around the sun是客观事实，所以时态还用一般现在时，不用变) Jim asked me whether the light travels faster than the sound. 考点4.宾语从句的注意问题 （1）宾语从句与简单句的转换：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，从句可以简化为“疑问词+不定式” 结构。 如：I don’t know what I should do next. =I don’t know what to do next. 我不知道接下来要做什么。 （2）宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句谓语动词think，suppose，believe等后接宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称，变否定句时应否定主句。如：I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。 一、单项选择 1．I want to know ________ I should do to improve my reading ability. A．when B．who C．where D．what 2．—Do you know ________ decided that blue jeans are cool for kids? —Maybe the fashion industry and popular culture. A．who B．that C．what D．when 3．Can you tell me ________ character you like best? A．which B．who C．what 4．Could you tell me ________ book is more suitable for beginners? A．that B．which C．who D．whose 5．—I wonder ______ sweater it is on the bag. —It may be Tom’s. This is his bag. A．whose B．who C．what D．how 6．—Can you tell me ________ the movable-type printing was invented? —In the Song Dynasty. A．when B．where C．who D．how 7．—Could you tell me ________ the film starts? —I think it begins at 7 pm. A．how B．why C．when D．where 8．—Where is Linda? —She has been away for an hour. I don’t know _________ she is now. A．where B．who C．what D．how 9．—Could you tell me ________ the nearest coffee shop is located? —It’s located just around the corner on Main Street. A．where B．which C．whether D．how 10．—Could you tell me ________ I should behave when I meet foreign guests? —Just remember when in Rome, do as the Romans do. A．where B．what C．how D．why 11．—I wonder ________ to the beach for the holiday. —Why not take the high-speed train? It’s fast and comfortable. A．how will we go B．how we will go C．when will we go D．when we will go 12．—Do you know ________ our school started the “Four Good Habits” activity? —To help students develop better daily behavior. A．why B．where C．when D．whether 13．The giant didn’t understand ________ his garden was still covered with snow. A．that B．why C．what D．which 14．—The AI helper MedRAX can read X-ray pictures very well! But I wonder _________. —It learned from millions of pictures of sick people. A．when we can use it B．who developed it C．why is it so smart D．how it was trained 15．—How’s the weather tomorrow? I don’t know if it ________ tomorrow. —Well, if it ________, I won’t go out with you. A．will rain; will rain B．rains; rains C．rains; will rain D．will rain; rains 16．I wonder ________ the post office is open on weekends. A．that B．if C．what D．where 17．—Let’s go fishing if it ________ fine this weekend. —But nobody knows if it ________. A．is, will rain B．will be, rains C．will be, will rain D．is, rains 18．—I hear that Wang Nan will come to Taiyuan. Do you know _________? —Next week. A．when he will come B．when did he come C．when will he come D．when he came 19．I truly know ________ Chinese tea is very popular around the world. A．that B．who C．where D．whom 20．—I’d like to buy a new jacket, but I don’t know ________. —How about this one? A．which should I choose B．which I should choose C．where I can get it D．where can I get it 21．—English Drama Festival is coming! Can you tell me ________? —Sure. We are writing a wonderful play for it now. A．when the festival is B．what you are doing for the festival C．when is the festival D．what are you doing for the festival 22．— Which sentence from ancient Chinese poems do you like best? — “If you have friends who know your heart, distance (距离) cannot keep you apart” is my favorite. It reminds us ________. A．how can we find true friendship B．how hard it is to keep friendship C．how strong true friendship can be D．that we shouldn’t keep far from our friends 23．I’d like to know _________ there are any Chinese classics of literature. A．that B．if C．what 24．She believes ________ her daughter ________ up with the latest fashion soon. A．that; will keep B．if; will keep C．that; keeps D．if; keeps 25．—Do you know ________? —I’m not sure. Let’s ask Miss Li for help. A．which subject should we choose B．what we can do with the rest of material C．that Bob went to the library just now D．which museum does Kevin like best 26．—Could you tell me ________ in Thailand? —You shouldn’t touch anyone’s head. It’s considered impolite. A．what should I not do B．what I should not do C．that I should not do D．if I should not do 27．I don’t know ________ the meeting will begin. Could you tell me the time? A．where B．when C．what 28．Our family is going to travel to Yunnan this May Day Holiday. I wonder ________ to prepare. A．what B．who C．why D．where 29．I want to know ________ you like best about the Spring Festival. A．that B．if C．what D．where 30．—Do you know ________? —To remember Qu Yuan. A．why do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival B．why people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival C．when people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival D．where do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival 31．—Could you tell me ______? —He is a doctor. He works in a hospital near our school. A．what your father does B．where your father works C．how your father goes to work D．when your father goes to work 32．—Do you know ______ the meeting will begin? —At 9:00 tomorrow morning. A．when B．where C．how D．why 33．He didn’t tell me ________ the meeting would start, so I was late. A．when B．where C．what D．how 34．—Ella, why is the famous poem “Nothing is difficult in the world if you dare to climb” meaningful? —Because it tells us ________. A．why we should give up when facing trouble B．that nothing is impossible if we work hard C．how can people finish their work easily D．that it’s not difficult to climb mountains 35．— Tom, could you tell me ________? — Sure. It tells a story about a brave boy who loves reading. A．what the book is about B．how much is the book C．where did you buy the book D．when you finished the book 36．They help people understand ______ nature works this way. A．why B．what C．when D．where 37．—Could you tell me ________ the meeting ________ tomorrow morning? —I need to make a schedule. A．if; will start B．that; starts C．when; start D．where; will starts 38．Zengzi was a student of Confucius. He once said, “I examine myself three times every day.” This is to tell us ________. A．how can we correct our mistakes B．why we should respect ourselves C．what we need to do to become better D．whether we can live a better life 39．I want to know ________ to the old man just now. A．what happens B．what happened C．what is happening D．what has happened 40．She told me ________ she bought a new dress yesterday. A．that B．if C．when D．where 一、完成句子 1．I don’t know. What does he like doing in his free time? (合并成一个句子) I don’t know ________ ________ ________ doing in his free time. 2．What does Peter prefer to do? Peter’s mother wanted to know. (合并成宾语从句) Peter’s mother wanted to know ________ Peter ________ to do. 3．“When will the flight arrive?” the passenger asked the attendant. (改为宾语从句) The passenger asked the attendant ________ the flight ________ arrive. 4．Where will the lecture be held? Could you tell me? (改为宾语从句) Could you tell me ________ the lecture ________ be held? 5．Could you tell me? How can I get to the nearest bus station?（合并成一个句子） Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ get to the nearest bus station? 6．The giant didn’t understand. Why was spring so late? (合并为宾语从句) The giant didn’t understand ________ spring ________ so late. 7．Which movie did you watch last Sunday? Could you tell me? (改为宾语从句) Could you tell me ________ movie you ________ last Sunday? 8．Who is the woman under the tree? Do you know?（合并为一句） Do you know ________ ________ ________ under the tree ________? 9．“How can we make the food tasty?” The cook asked me. (两句合并成一句) The cook asked me ________ we ________ make the food tasty. 10．“Are you focusing on the teacher’s gesture?” Ms. Li asked me. (改为宾语从句) Ms. Li asked me ________ I ________ focusing on the teacher’s gesture. 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Lena was seven when she started Arting for You. For this project, Lena collected artworks and donated 1 to homeless kids around her hometown. “My grandma always wanted to give back to others,” Lena, now fifteen, told TIME Kids, “I 2 by that.” Two years later, 3 girl started a small business called Positively Lena. It sells products 4 heart-warming messages on them. For example, it introduces how to deal with bullies bravely. “ 5 we don’t spread hope, the world can be a really hard place,” Lena says. Over the years, she 6 workshops on creative writing, handcraft making as well as problem solving, and she has helped many people in need. Lena also gives away 7 she receives to charity. “Being kind means making someone happy,” Lena says. “It can be something as 8 as giving someone praise, like ‘Hey, your shirt looks nice.’ A small greeting like this can brighten someone’s day. 9 the world a better place, even a small effort can go a long way.” Lena hopes more people take action to spread 10 . “If we want to grow up with kind people around us, we need to be kind to others,” she says. 1．A．they B．them C．their 2．A．encouraged B．was encouraged C．was encouraging 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．by B．for C．with 5．A．If B．Although C．Because 6．A．will hold B．held C．has held 7．A．what B．how C．that 8．A．simple B．simpler C．the simplest 9．A．Make B．Making C．To make 10．A．kind B．kindness C．kindly 二、完形填空 Nature has given us many amazing wonders. One of the most famous is the Grand Canyon in the United States. The Colorado River 1 it over millions of years. The canyon is about 446 kilometers long and up to 1.6 kilometers deep, with rocks in different colors. When you stand on the edge of the canyon, you will be 2 at its great beauty. The view 3 with the time of day—at sunrise, the rocks turn red, and at sunset, they look golden. It’s 4 to believe the great power (力量) of nature until you see it with your own eyes. Many 5 from all over the world come to visit it every year. They can hike along the trails, take a helicopter tour, or just sit and enjoy the peaceful scenery. Some of them also take photos to 6 the beautiful moments. The Grand Canyon is not only a natural wonder, but also a 7 of nature’s power. It tells us how amazing the world is. We should 8 it well, because natural wonders are very precious (珍贵的). We need to make sure that they will stay beautiful for future generations (子孙后代) to see. It is a special 9 to visit the Grand Canyon. It makes us love nature more and 10 understand the importance of protecting the earth. 1．A．created B．presented C．checked D．discovered 2．A．patient B．shocked C．thankful D．lonely 3．A．changes B．remains C．survives D．disappears 4．A．easy B．risky C．hard D．normal 5．A．coaches B．writers C．workers D．travellers 6．A．deal B．express C．record D．manage 7．A．stage B．symbol C．decision D．purpose 8．A．protect B．control C．test D．press 9．A．failure B．object C．medicine D．experience 10．A．politely B．quietly C．luckily D．clearly 三、阅读理解 阅读填空(七选五)。以下是关于都江堰的介绍，请你根据上下文内容补全语篇。选项中有两项为多余项。 On July 24, 2024, Dujiangyan in Sichuan Province successfully faced the largest flood peak in nearly 10 years. 1 This ancient system,over 2,280 years old,continues to protect the Chengdu Plain from flooding. Located on the Minjiang River, Dujiangyan is one of the world’s oldest irrigation (灌溉) systems. 2 It is even considered by some to be a greater wonder than the Great Wall because of its long-term benefits. The project is wisely designed with three main parts: Yuzui, Feishayan, and Baopingkou. 3 Yuzui, shaped like a fish mouth,divides the rushing river into inner and outer streams to control the water flow. 4 That’s where Feishayan helps—it allows the extra water and sand to flow out. Behind it, Baopingkou directs the water into the Chengdu Plain. 5 During floods, the channel behind Feishayan helps drain the overflow(排洪). This amazing ancient project, built by smart Chinese people, continues to protect the land and its people, showing how clever ancient engineering was. A．Each part has a unique function, and all must work properly to avoid danger. B．The inner river flows more slowly but still carries much sand. C．Its smart design uses natural features to save water. D．It has served people for more than 2,000 years. E．If the water cannot be released fully, the water level may rise. F．The system shows how ancient engineering protected people and their land. G．Despite its age, it effectively controls floods and irrigates farmland. 四、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 from  how  because  work  may  sign  with  scary  locate  face  one  that During the National Day holiday, many people visited the mysterious Ailao Mountains in Yunnan. The government manages this area. It says 1 tourists are safe if they follow the rules and stay in open areas. Anyone who goes into closed areas may 2 a fine (罚款) of up to 5,000 yuan. A blogger posted a video of the mountains. The mountains looked 3 and foggy. There were warning 4 about bears. These signs made people nervous but also curious. Many tourists came to see the mountains. This caused traffic jams on the mountain roads. The Ailao Mountains are 5 in central Yunnan and cover three cities. People call these mountains the “Forest of Death” 6 they have deep valleys, thick forests, and unpredictable (变幻莫测的) weather. This area has 7 of the largest and most complete forest ecosystems. It is natural and far 8 cities. Many mysterious stories are told about this place. The edges of the mountains are open to the public. However, deep in the mountains, tourists cannot go. People wonder 9 they can keep safe when traveling here. The answer is following the rules. There are no roads. The weather can be very bad, and people 10 feel sick because of the high altitude. Also, the magnetic field can make compasses stop working, so it is easy to get lost. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $