Unit 5 Natural disasters 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）语法选择进阶练12篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制）

**基本信息** 以“自然灾害与防范”为主题，分基础、进阶、综合三层次设计12篇语法选择训练，通过语境化语法应用实现语言能力与思维品质的递进培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|4篇（山体滑坡/地震救援等）|考查代词/时态/冠词等基础语法，单句语境为主|从基础语法概念切入，建立“语法规则-简单语境”对应关系| |进阶拓展训练|4篇（台风/冻灾等）|增加连词/非谓语动词/比较级，段落逻辑更复杂|语法点向复合句式延伸，形成“基础语法-复杂语境”应用链条| |能力综合实践|4篇（洪水/灾害预防等）|涉及被动语态/从句/时态综合，语篇理解要求高|整合核心语法点，构建“语法知识-语篇逻辑-主题意义”三维应用体系|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Natural disasters 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）语法选择进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 In 2025, a heavy rain hit Guizhou and caused a landslide (山体滑坡). Pan Jide, a kind villager, saved 43 people successfully. Here is his story. That night, the rain was terrible. Pan found the mountain was in danger. He first sent 1 family to a safe place, then took a steel basin and a stick. He knocked the basin hard to wake villagers up. “Run quickly! The mountain will fall!” he shouted loudly. He helped the elderly walk, and even carried those who couldn’t move. In 30 minutes, all villagers got to high ground. Later, the village was destroyed, but no one died. Pan 2 a “disaster prevention guide” for more than two years, so he knew how to deal with it. People were shocked and thankful. “ 3 brave man he is!” they said. They asked Pan 4 he could teach them disaster prevention skills. Of course Pan taught them then. Disasters are cruel, 5 love is endless. Pan’s action shows that small kindness can bring great warmth. Many people 6 by his spirit and joined the prevention team. When facing 7 sudden disaster, people are 8 trouble but help each other. This also shows great spirits. And Pan’s courage makes us 9 than before. We all come to know the importance of 10 and love too. 1．A．he B．his C．him 2．A．has been B．was C．will be 3．A．What B．How C．What a 4．A．that B．if C．when 5．A．and B．so C．but 6．A．were moved B．are moved C．moved 7．A．an B．a C．the 8．A．with B．on C．in 9．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 10．A．safety B．safe C．safely Nature’s temper is always unpredictable. Sometimes it’s gentle, but sometimes it’s very terrible. Natural disasters can happen at any time, so we need to learn how to protect ourselves. Last Friday, a sudden thunderstorm came to our city. The sky turned dark quickly, and the strong wind 1 hard. Many trees 2 on the street, and some cars were hit by them. The rain beat heavily against the windows. Many people 3 the rain and had to stay in the nearest shops to wait for it to stop. A little girl was lost in the storm and she was very 4 . A kind woman found her and tried to 5 her down. She took care of the girl and 6 her parents. 7 the help of the police, the girl met her parents 8 . The parents were very thankful to the woman and the police. This storm told us that natural disasters are dangerous. We should learn more about self-protection skills. When a disaster happens, we must 9 calm and act quickly. We should also help each other   10 people in trouble. 1．A．blow B．blew C．blows D．blowing 2．A．fell down B．fell off C．fell over D．fell behind 3．A．caught in B．were caught in C．catch in D．are caught in 4．A．scare B．scared C．scaring D．scares 5．A．calm B．calming C．calmed D．calms 6．A．look for B．looked for C．find D．found 7．A．With B．In C．On D．At 8．A．in time B．on time C．at time D．for time 9．A．keep B．keeps C．kept D．keeping 10．A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped Hello, everybody! I’m Dang Gui, a student from Sichuan, China. Just a month ago, I had 1 unusual experience. As the news reported, a terrible earthquake happened in our county, where I lived with 2 family. It’s the strongest earthquake these years. It’s reported that the earthquake 3 10 people to be dead, hundreds of people to be injured (受伤的), and several people to be missing, up to now. I still remember the time when the earthquake happened. It 4 in the morning. At that time, I was preparing 5 my school things. Mum was doing the dishes in the kitchen 6 Dad was cleaning the room. Suddenly, the earthquake happened. The building was shaking, as well as the lights, and the furniture in it. People were shouting in fear and trying 7 out of the house. I felt very scared. Mum and Dad ran to me. And we stayed together in a safe corner of the house. Followed by many aftershocks (余震), finally, the earthquake ended. We felt very 8 to be safe and sound. After the earthquake, all the 9 in my neighbourhood came out to help. The whole country offered us with great love, care and support, too. I think the earthquake brought us much 10 than before. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．I B．me C．my 3．A．has caused B．causes C．will cause 4．A．were B．are C．was 5．A．for B．from C．about 6．A．since B．although C．while 7．A．get B．to get C．got 8．A．unlucky B．luck C．lucky 9．A．tourist B．tourists C．neighbours 10．A．closer B．the closest C．farther On Sunday night, I arrived in Myanmar (缅甸). The rescue team met up and we traveled all night 1 the city in suffering.    The trip was long and difficult. It usually takes seven hours, 2 we needed fourteen because many roads 3 . In addition, we were stopped and checked by soldiers many times on the way. As we got closer, I saw many people lost their homes and had to sleep outside. Some stayed on the streets, and 4 slept in open fields.     When we arrived, the team started working immediately. 5 man who lost his four-floor house turned to us. He asked 6 we could help find some important papers under the remains. The team leader agreed. 7 noon, it was 42°C, but the team kept 8 . We tried our best and we made it. People in the city are very kind. Some shop owners gave us free water and said “Hello” or “China” with a thumbs (大拇指)-up.     This is my first time joining a rescue team in another country. We 9 together for a week till now. I’m 10 touched by my teammates’ kindness and hard work. In a disaster, I hope everyone stays safe, no matter who they are. 1．A．reach B．to reach C．reaching D．reached 2．A．and B．or C．but D．so 3．A．closing B．closed C．was closing D．were closed 4．A．other B．others C．the other D．another 5．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 6．A．when B．how C．if D．unless 7．A．In B．At C．On D．From 8．A．work B．working C．to work D．worked 9．A．worked B．were working C．have worked D．had worked 10．A．deeper B．deeply C．depth D．deep 进阶拓展训练4篇 Last week, there was a terrible typhoon in our city. I remember what I was doing when it 1 . I was watching TV at home. Suddenly, the wind became very 2 and the rain started to fall heavily. My mother told me to stay 3 from the windows. My friend Kate was doing her homework when the typhoon came. She 4 the lights go out. She was scared because it was very dark. She called her mother to ask 5 to do. Another friend, Jiaming, was preparing lunch in the kitchen when the typhoon started. He 6 the rain hitting the windows. He quickly closed all the windows and doors. After the typhoon, we saw many fallen trees and broken windows. Some streets were 7 with water. But luckily, no one was hurt. The next day, we helped clean up the 8 . We picked up branches and leaves from the streets. It was hard work, 9 we felt good to help. Now I know how important it is to be 10 during a natural disaster. We should always listen to the warnings and stay safe. 1．A．happen B．happened C．happens 2．A．weak B．strong C．small 3．A．away B．near C．to 4．A．see B．saw C．seeing 5．A．what B．where C．when 6．A．hear B．heard C．hearing 7．A．fill B．filled C．filling 8．A．mess B．clean C．tidy 9．A．so B．but C．because 10．A．careful B．careless C．carelessly Last winter many parts of China, such as Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou experienced drops in temperature of more than 14℃. On December 12, 2023, the China government made 1 first yellow warning in ten years for freezing temperatures. 2 temperatures were low, a large crowd of people traveled to watch the great winter landscape. In Zhangjiajie, Hunan, the cold brought not only snow 3 also more than 4,000 visitors each day. 32Hike, an online travel platform (平台) in Guangzhou, said it increased the number of organized trips to Hengshan Mountain to give visitors a chance 4 the snow-white landscape. To serve tourists and provide a safe and 5 experience, scenic spots (风景区) used a lot of safety ways. They posted big safety warnings in risky areas and 6 free hot tea, raincoats and towels. Some medical aid sites 7 up to do with emergencies. “Kang Yang, a police officer working on Zhurong Peak, 8 highest point on Hengshan Mountain”, said all his workmates worked day and night. They kept walking around and helping out tourists at any time. “We tell visitors to the mountain to manage their time well, and ask them to come down from the mountain as 9 as possible, and no later than 4:00 pm. Officials also use megaphones (扩音器) to remind tourists 10 safety,” Kang said. 1．A．it B．its C．itself 2．A．Though B．Whether C．If 3．A．and B．so C．but 4．A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoying 5．A．comfortable B．uncomfortable C．comfortably 6．A．will offer B．offers C．offered 7．A．are set B．were set C．are setting 8．A．the B．a C．an 9．A．early B．earlier C．earliest 10．A．in B．with C．of 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Protecting the environment helps prevent many natural disasters. Let’s see how they are connected. Trees act like natural guards. They hold soil together and help prevent floods. If we cut too many trees, rain can wash away soil 1 , causing floods or mudslides (泥石流). 2 planting more trees is a good way to prevent such disasters. Rivers and oceans need 3 too. When we throw rubbish or factories 4 wastewater into them, the environment is destroyed (破坏). Healthy oceans can reduce the strength of storms, including typhoons. Clean rivers are less likely to overflow (泛滥) when 5 rains heavily. The air matters as well. Polluted air changes the weather, making some disasters 6 frequent (频繁的). For example, rising 7 caused by pollution can lead to longer and more severe droughts (干旱). 8 short, protecting the environment means protecting ourselves. Taking care of the environment is the key to 9 natural disasters. Small actions, such as saving water or recycling, can make 10 big difference in keeping us safe. So let’s begin today. 1．A．easy B．easier C．easily 2．A．So B．But C．Because 3．A．carefully B．careful C．care 4．A．pour B．poured C．pouring 5．A．it B．its C．itself 6．A．much B．more C．most 7．A．temperatures B．temperatures’ C．temperature’s 8．A．At B．In C．For 9．A．prevent B．prevented C．preventing 10．A．a B．an C．the Rising from the Ruins Time flies. It has been many years since the Wenchuan Earthquake shook the world. The terrible disaster happened 1 May 12, 2008. In just a few minutes, beautiful towns were turned into ruins, and thousands of families lost their loved ones. However, the disaster also showed the strength of love. Soldiers and volunteers 2 arrived at the scene first were true heroes. They worked day and night without rest. They risked their own lives 3 the people buried under the rocks. The whole world witnessed 4 united and brave the Chinese people were in the face of natural disasters. Years have passed, and a miracle (奇迹) has happened. New towns 5 on the old land since then. If you go there today, you will see wide roads and safe houses. The buildings 6 by the earthquake are gone forever. Instead, new schools and hospitals stand firmly under the blue sky. 7 the scars of the earth have healed, the memories remain in our hearts. 8 the victims is our way of showing respect to life. This history teaches 9 to cherish every day we have. Nature can be cruel, but the human spirit is 10 than that. As long as we stand together, there is nothing we cannot overcome. 1．A．in B．at C．on 2．A．which B．who C．whom 3．A．to save B．saving C．save 4．A．that B．what C．how 5．A．were built B．are built C．have been built 6．A．to destroy B．destroyed C．destroying 7．A．Because B．If C．Although 8．A．Remember B．Remembering C．Remembers 9．A．us B．our C．ours 10．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 能力综合实践4篇 The Night the River Rose The rain had been falling for three days. In the small village by the river, people were worried. Tom looked out  of the window. The river, usually calm and blue, turned brown and angry. It was rising higher and higher. At around 8:00 p.m., the water began to flow into the streets.Tom’s father shouted, “We must leave now!” While they 1 their bags, the electricity went out. The house became dark. Tom grabbed his flashlight and his dog, Max. They climbed to the roof of their house because the water was 2 deep that they couldn’t walk on the ground. It was a terrifying night. They could hear the sound of the rushing water and the wind. Tom wondered 3 they would be safe. Suddenly, a bright light shone on them. It was a rescue boat! A firefighter 4 a bright orange jacket waved at them.“Don’t worry! We are here 5 you,” he shouted. Tom and his family 6 into the boat. They were cold and wet but alive. They were taken to a safe place in a nearby school. Many other villagers were there, too. Some were crying, while 7 were drinking hot soup. The flood destroyed many houses, 8 it brought the community together. People helped each other clean up the mud after the water went down. Tom realized that nature is powerful, but human courage is 9 . He decided that he would become a firefighter when he grew up. He wanted to be the person 10 brings hope in the dark. 1．A．packed B．were packing C．pack 2．A．too B．such C．so 3．A．that B．if C．what 4．A．in B．with C．on 5．A．helped B．helping C．to help 6．A．pull B．were pulled C．pulled 7．A．others B．the other C．another 8．A．because B．since C．but 9．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 10．A．which B．who C．whom Preparing for natural disasters Natural disasters like earthquakes and floods can happen suddenly, so knowing how 1 for them is important. It’s hard to predict 2 a disaster will strike your area, but being ready helps you avoid danger. Last year, a small town in Sichuan had a flood. Local people said 3 scary it was when the water rose quickly. But those who 4 the disaster tips stayed safe. For example, Mr. Li moved his family to higher ground as soon as he 5 the warning. If you live in an area with frequent storms, remember 6 all windows before the storm comes. You should also learn 7 to use a fire extinguisher, just in case. Many schools teach students about disaster safety, and students say 8 these lessons help them feel more confident. 9 important it is to stay calm during a disaster! Panic can make things worse. No matter 10 the disaster is, following safety rules can save lives. 1．A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing 2．A．what B．how C．whether 3．A．how B．what C．what a 4．A．follow B．followed C．will follow 5．A．hears B．heard C．is hearing 6．A．to close B．closing C．close 7．A．how B．what C．that 8．A．if B．that C．why 9．A．What B．How C．What an 10．A．what B．when C．where Typhoons are one of the most dangerous natural disasters in coastal areas. Last summer, a strong typhoon 1 our city suddenly. Before it arrived, the weather forecast 2 people to stay at home and close all windows tightly. When the typhoon came, the wind blew so 3 that many street signs fell down, and the rain poured heavily. Many big trees 4 by the wind. Some roads were blocked, so cars 5 pass through. A little girl was trapped in her house alone when a kind volunteer 6 and helped her get to a safe place. After the typhoon, the sun came out the next morning. People worked together 7 the mess. Many people found that their houses 8 by the strong wind. The government provided food and water for 9 who lost their homes. Although the typhoon caused much damage, 10 people got hurt because of the timely preparation. We learned that it’s important to follow the disaster safety rules before a typhoon comes. 1．A．hit B．hits C．will hit 2．A．warned B．had warned C．was warning 3．A．strongly B．strong C．stronger 4．A．were blown down B．blew down C．blow down 5．A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t 6．A．was passing by B．passed by C．had passed by 7．A．clean up B．to clean up C．cleaning up 8．A．had been destroyed B．was destroyed C．destroyed 9．A．those B．that C．this 10．A．few B．a few C．little Natural disasters 1 more frequent and severe in recent years around the world. Scientists believe that climate change 2 a major role in this worrying trend. Many countries now 3 better warning systems including advanced weather monitoring technology to protect people from potential dangers. When a disaster suddenly 4 , it is important to stay calm and avoid panic. People should immediately follow instructions 5 by local authorities through official channels. In some high-risk areas, schools regularly practise earthquake and fire drills so that students 6 exactly what to do when real emergencies occur, such as where to find safe shelter. We cannot prevent natural disasters from 7 completely, but we can definitely reduce their impact through adequate preparation. Making an emergency kit with essential supplies is much 8 than waiting until the last minute when stores may be closed. Remember, being prepared today 9 your life tomorrow and protects your loved ones. Let’s all learn 10 ready for unexpected events by creating family emergency plans and staying informed about local risks. 1．A．have become B．became C．are becoming 2．A．plays B．played C．playing 3．A．develop B．developed C．are developing 4．A．strikes B．struck C．will strike 5．A．give B．gave C．given 6．A．know B．knew C．will know 7．A．happen B．happening C．happened 8．A．good B．better C．best 9．A．saves B．save C．could save 10．A．be B．to be C．being 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Natural disasters 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）语法选择进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 In 2025, a heavy rain hit Guizhou and caused a landslide (山体滑坡). Pan Jide, a kind villager, saved 43 people successfully. Here is his story. That night, the rain was terrible. Pan found the mountain was in danger. He first sent 1 family to a safe place, then took a steel basin and a stick. He knocked the basin hard to wake villagers up. “Run quickly! The mountain will fall!” he shouted loudly. He helped the elderly walk, and even carried those who couldn’t move. In 30 minutes, all villagers got to high ground. Later, the village was destroyed, but no one died. Pan 2 a “disaster prevention guide” for more than two years, so he knew how to deal with it. People were shocked and thankful. “ 3 brave man he is!” they said. They asked Pan 4 he could teach them disaster prevention skills. Of course Pan taught them then. Disasters are cruel, 5 love is endless. Pan’s action shows that small kindness can bring great warmth. Many people 6 by his spirit and joined the prevention team. When facing 7 sudden disaster, people are 8 trouble but help each other. This also shows great spirits. And Pan’s courage makes us 9 than before. We all come to know the importance of 10 and love too. 1．A．he B．his C．him 2．A．has been B．was C．will be 3．A．What B．How C．What a 4．A．that B．if C．when 5．A．and B．so C．but 6．A．were moved B．are moved C．moved 7．A．an B．a C．the 8．A．with B．on C．in 9．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 10．A．safety B．safe C．safely 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了2025年贵州山体滑坡时，善良村民潘吉得凭借防灾知识成功救出43位村民，并向大家传授防灾技能的故事，赞扬了平凡人在灾难面前的善良与勇气，传递了爱与温暖。 1．句意：他首先把他的家人送到安全的地方。 空格后是名词“family”，需要形容词性物主代词修饰，his“他的”符合语法要求；he是主格，him是宾格，均不能直接修饰名词。 2．句意：潘担任防灾指导员两年多了，所以他知道如何应对。 时间状语“for more than two years”表示“从过去持续到现在的动作”，需用现在完成时 has been；was是一般过去时，will be是一般将来时，均不符合语境。 3．句意：他是一个多么勇敢的人啊！ 本句是感叹句，“man”是可数名词单数，符合“What a +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”的结构，即What a brave man…；而How引导感叹句时后接形容词/副词。 4．句意：他们问潘是否能教他们防灾技能。 “asked”后接宾语从句，表达“是否”的含义，用if；that引导陈述事实的从句，when引导时间状语从句，均不符合语境。 5．句意：灾难是残酷的，但是爱是无尽的。 前后句是转折关系，用but；and表并列，so表因果，均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：许多人被他的精神感动，加入了防灾队伍。 主语“Many people”和动词move是被动关系，且故事发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态were moved；are moved是一般现在时的被动语态，moved是主动语态，均不符合。 7．句意：当面对突发灾难时，人们虽身处困境，却仍互相帮助。 “disaster”是可数名词单数，且“sudden”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a表示“一场”；an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表特指，均不符合。 8．句意：当面对突发灾难时，人们虽身处困境，却仍互相帮助。 固定搭配be in trouble表示“处于困境中”，with和on无此搭配。 9．句意：潘的勇气让我们比以前更强大。 “than”是比较级的标志词，需用形容词比较级stronger；strong是原级，the strongest是最高级，均不符合。 10．句意：我们也开始懂得安全和爱的重要性。 “the importance of”后接名词，名词safety“安全”符合要求；safe是形容词，safely是副词，均不能作介词宾语。 Nature’s temper is always unpredictable. Sometimes it’s gentle, but sometimes it’s very terrible. Natural disasters can happen at any time, so we need to learn how to protect ourselves. Last Friday, a sudden thunderstorm came to our city. The sky turned dark quickly, and the strong wind 1 hard. Many trees 2 on the street, and some cars were hit by them. The rain beat heavily against the windows. Many people 3 the rain and had to stay in the nearest shops to wait for it to stop. A little girl was lost in the storm and she was very 4 . A kind woman found her and tried to 5 her down. She took care of the girl and 6 her parents. 7 the help of the police, the girl met her parents 8 . The parents were very thankful to the woman and the police. This storm told us that natural disasters are dangerous. We should learn more about self-protection skills. When a disaster happens, we must 9 calm and act quickly. We should also help each other   10 people in trouble. 1．A．blow B．blew C．blows D．blowing 2．A．fell down B．fell off C．fell over D．fell behind 3．A．caught in B．were caught in C．catch in D．are caught in 4．A．scare B．scared C．scaring D．scares 5．A．calm B．calming C．calmed D．calms 6．A．look for B．looked for C．find D．found 7．A．With B．In C．On D．At 8．A．in time B．on time C．at time D．for time 9．A．keep B．keeps C．kept D．keeping 10．A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过一次雷暴灾害中一位走失女孩得到帮助与家人团聚的故事，说明自然灾害的危险性以及人们需要学习自我保护、保持冷静、互相帮助的道理。 1．句意：天色很快暗了下来，狂风大作。 空前“turned”提示，该句时态为一般过去时，此处应填入blew，blow的过去式，作谓语。 2．句意：许多树倒在街上，一些汽车被它们撞了。 后半句“some cars were hit by them.”提示，结合选项可知，此处指许多树倒在街上，fell down“倒下”。 3．句意：许多人被雨淋了，不得不待在最近的商店里等待雨停。 空后“had”提示，时态为一般过去时，且该句主语“people”和动词catch之间是构成被动关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态作谓语，故填were caught in。 4．句意：一个小女孩在暴风雨中迷路了，她非常害怕。 空前“was”是系动词，后跟形容词，作表语，故排除A、D项；该句主语“she”是人，故填入scared，作表语，意为“感到害怕的”符合语境。 5．句意：一位好心的女士找到了她，尝试让她平静下来。 try to do sth“尝试做某事”，固定搭配，所以此处应填动词原形calm。 6．句意：她照顾女孩，寻找她的父母。 前文“A little girl was lost in the storm”明确提到小女孩在暴风雨中迷路了，所以此处指寻找她的父母，look for“寻找”；空前“took”提示，时态为一般过去时，所以此处要用looked for作谓语。 7．句意：在警察的帮助下，女孩及时见到了她的父母。 空后“the help of the police”提示，结合选项可知，此处考查：with the help of“在……的帮助下”，固定搭配，此处指在警察的帮助下，应填入With，表伴随。 8．句意：在警察的帮助下，女孩及时见到了她的父母。 “…the help of the police, the girl met her parents….”，结合选项可知，此处指在警察帮助下及时与父母相见，所以应填入in time。 9．句意：当灾难发生时，我们必须保持冷静并迅速行动。 空前“must”是情态动词，后面接动词原形。keep calm“保持冷静”，固定搭配。 10．句意：我们也应该互相帮助，去帮助那些遇到困难的人。 根据“We should also help each other ... people in trouble.”，此处不定式表示目的或后续行动。 Hello, everybody! I’m Dang Gui, a student from Sichuan, China. Just a month ago, I had 1 unusual experience. As the news reported, a terrible earthquake happened in our county, where I lived with 2 family. It’s the strongest earthquake these years. It’s reported that the earthquake 3 10 people to be dead, hundreds of people to be injured (受伤的), and several people to be missing, up to now. I still remember the time when the earthquake happened. It 4 in the morning. At that time, I was preparing 5 my school things. Mum was doing the dishes in the kitchen 6 Dad was cleaning the room. Suddenly, the earthquake happened. The building was shaking, as well as the lights, and the furniture in it. People were shouting in fear and trying 7 out of the house. I felt very scared. Mum and Dad ran to me. And we stayed together in a safe corner of the house. Followed by many aftershocks (余震), finally, the earthquake ended. We felt very 8 to be safe and sound. After the earthquake, all the 9 in my neighbourhood came out to help. The whole country offered us with great love, care and support, too. I think the earthquake brought us much 10 than before. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．I B．me C．my 3．A．has caused B．causes C．will cause 4．A．were B．are C．was 5．A．for B．from C．about 6．A．since B．although C．while 7．A．get B．to get C．got 8．A．unlucky B．luck C．lucky 9．A．tourist B．tourists C．neighbours 10．A．closer B．the closest C．farther 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文作者介绍了自己经历的一次地震。 1．句意：就在一个月前，我有一次不寻常的经历。 a一个，不定冠词，用在辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词，用在元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。根据空格后“unusual experience”可知，此处泛指一次不寻常的经历，且unusual是以元音音素开头，所以此处应该填入不定冠词an。故选B。 2．句意：正如新闻报道的，我们县发生了一场可怕的地震，我和家人住在那里。 I我，主格人称代词；me我，宾格人称代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词。根据分析句子“where I lived with…family.”可知，此处应该填入形容词性物主代词my，修饰名词family。故选C。 3．句意：据报道，到目前为止，地震已造成10人死亡，数百人受伤，数人失踪。 has caused已经造成，现在完成时；causes造成，第三人称单数形式；will cause将造成，一般将来时。根据句中“up to now”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，表达到目前为止，地震已造成10人死亡，数百人受伤，数人失踪。故选A。 4．句意：它是在早上。 were是，过去式，复数；are是，复数形式；was是，过去式，单数。根据语境可知，此次地震发生在过去，所以时态为一般过去时，且该句主语是It，所以此处be动词要用was。故选C。 5．句意：当时，我正在准备我的学校的事情。 for对于；from来自；about关于。根据空格前“preparing”可知，此处考查：prepare for，动词短语，意为“为……做准备”，所以此处应该填入介词for，指的是作者正在准备他的学校的事情。故选A。 6．句意：妈妈正在厨房洗碗，而爸爸正在打扫房间。 since自……以来；although虽然，尽管；while当……时，然而。根据“Mum was doing the dishes in the kitchen…Dad was cleaning the room.”，结合选项可知，此处应该填入while，表达妈妈正在厨房洗碗，而爸爸正在打扫房间。故挑选C。 7．句意：人们害怕地大喊大叫，试图逃出房子。 get获得，动词原形；to get获得，不定式；got获得，过去式。根据空格前“trying”可知，此处考查try to do sth，固定搭配，意为“试图做某事”，所以此处应该填入不定式to get，作宾语。故选B。 8．句意：我们感到非常幸运，安然无恙。 unlucky不幸运的，形容词；luck运气，名词；lucky幸运的，形容词。根据分析句子“We felt very… o be safe and sound.”可知，此处应该填入lucky，形容词，作表语，意为“幸运的”，表达我们感到非常幸运，安然无恙。故选C。 9．句意：地震后，我家附近所有的邻居都出来帮忙。 tourist游客，可数名词单数；tourists游客，可数名词复数；neighbours邻居，可数名词复数。根据空格后“in my neighbourhood”可知，此处指的是作者家附近所有的邻居都出来帮忙。故选C。 10．句意：我想地震让我们比以前更亲近了。 closer更亲近的，形容词比较级；the closest最亲近的，最高级；farther更远的，形容词比较级。根据空格后“than before”可知，此处应该填入形容词比较级；又根据前文“The whole country offered us with great love, care and support, too.”可知，此处应该填入closer，指的是地震让“我”们比以前更亲近了。故选A。 On Sunday night, I arrived in Myanmar (缅甸). The rescue team met up and we traveled all night 1 the city in suffering.    The trip was long and difficult. It usually takes seven hours, 2 we needed fourteen because many roads 3 . In addition, we were stopped and checked by soldiers many times on the way. As we got closer, I saw many people lost their homes and had to sleep outside. Some stayed on the streets, and 4 slept in open fields.     When we arrived, the team started working immediately. 5 man who lost his four-floor house turned to us. He asked 6 we could help find some important papers under the remains. The team leader agreed. 7 noon, it was 42°C, but the team kept 8 . We tried our best and we made it. People in the city are very kind. Some shop owners gave us free water and said “Hello” or “China” with a thumbs (大拇指)-up.     This is my first time joining a rescue team in another country. We 9 together for a week till now. I’m 10 touched by my teammates’ kindness and hard work. In a disaster, I hope everyone stays safe, no matter who they are. 1．A．reach B．to reach C．reaching D．reached 2．A．and B．or C．but D．so 3．A．closing B．closed C．was closing D．were closed 4．A．other B．others C．the other D．another 5．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 6．A．when B．how C．if D．unless 7．A．In B．At C．On D．From 8．A．work B．working C．to work D．worked 9．A．worked B．were working C．have worked D．had worked 10．A．deeper B．deeply C．depth D．deep 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者加入救援队前往遭遇困境的缅甸某城市参与救援的经历。 1．句意：救援队集合后，我们连夜赶路去抵达那座陷入困境的城市。 reach到达，动词原形；to reach动词不定式；reaching动名词/现在分词；reached过去式/过去分词。根据前文“we traveled all night”可知，“连夜赶路”的目的是“抵达那座城市”，动词不定式可表目的，故选B。 2．句意：这段路程通常需要7个小时，但我们却花了14个小时，因为很多道路被封锁了。 and和，表并列；or或者，表选择；but但是，表转折；so所以，表因果。根据原文“It usually takes seven hours”与“we needed fourteen”可知，通常所需时间和实际花费时间存在明显差异，二者为转折关系，需用表转折的连词，故选C。 3．句意：这段路程通常需要7个小时，但我们却花了14个小时，因为很多道路被封锁了。 closing现在分词；closed过去式/过去分词/形容词；was closing过去进行时，主语为单数；were closed一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数。根据原文“many roads”与“close”的关系可知，道路是“被封锁”的，需用被动语态，且文章整体时态为一般过去时，主语“many roads”为复数，对应的被动语态结构为“were+过去分词”，故选D。 4．句意：一些人待在街道上，另一些人睡在空旷的田野里。 other其他的，后接名词复数；others其他人/事物，相当于“other+名词复数”；the other两者中的另一个；another三者及以上中的另一个。根据原文“Some stayed on the streets”可知，此处为“some...others...”的固定搭配，意为“一些……另一些……”，空格后无名词，需用others指代“其他的人”，故选B。 5．句意：一个失去了四层楼房的男人向我们求助。 A不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；An不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；The定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据原文“man who lost his four-floor house”可知，此处泛指“一个失去房子的男人”，并非特指某一个已知的男人，且“man”是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词A，故选A。 6．句意：他问我们是否能帮忙在废墟下找到一些重要文件。 when什么时候；how怎样；if是否；unless除非。根据原文“He asked”以及“we could help find some important papers under the remains”可知，男人是在询问“是否”能提供帮助，此处if引导宾语从句，表“是否”的含义，符合语境，故选C。 7．句意：中午时分，气温达到了42摄氏度，但救援队仍在继续工作。 In用于年、月、季节、上午/下午/晚上前；At用于具体时刻前；On用于具体日期、星期几前；From从……，常与to搭配。根据原文“noon”可知，“noon”，中午是具体时刻，需用介词At，“at noon”为固定搭配，意为“在中午”，故选B。 8．句意：中午时分，气温达到了42摄氏度，但救援队仍在继续工作。 work动词原形；working动名词/现在分词；to work动词不定式；worked过去式/过去分词。根据原文“kept”可知，“keep doing sth”为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，此处需用动名词working，故选B。 9．句意：到目前为止，我们已经一起工作了一周了。 worked工作，一般过去时；were working过去进行时；have worked现在完成时；had worked过去完成时。根据原文“till now”，到目前为止可知，该短语是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“we”为复数，需用have worked，故选C。 10．句意：我被队友们的善良和努力工作深深打动了。 deeper更深的，形容词比较级；deeply深深地，副词，修饰情感、抽象动作；depth深度，名词；deep深的，形容词/深深地，副词，修饰具体动作。根据原文“touched”，被打动的可知，此处需用副词修饰形容词“touched”，且“touched”表达的是情感，需用deeply修饰，强调程度，故选B。 进阶拓展训练4篇 Last week, there was a terrible typhoon in our city. I remember what I was doing when it 1 . I was watching TV at home. Suddenly, the wind became very 2 and the rain started to fall heavily. My mother told me to stay 3 from the windows. My friend Kate was doing her homework when the typhoon came. She 4 the lights go out. She was scared because it was very dark. She called her mother to ask 5 to do. Another friend, Jiaming, was preparing lunch in the kitchen when the typhoon started. He 6 the rain hitting the windows. He quickly closed all the windows and doors. After the typhoon, we saw many fallen trees and broken windows. Some streets were 7 with water. But luckily, no one was hurt. The next day, we helped clean up the 8 . We picked up branches and leaves from the streets. It was hard work, 9 we felt good to help. Now I know how important it is to be 10 during a natural disaster. We should always listen to the warnings and stay safe. 1．A．happen B．happened C．happens 2．A．weak B．strong C．small 3．A．away B．near C．to 4．A．see B．saw C．seeing 5．A．what B．where C．when 6．A．hear B．heard C．hearing 7．A．fill B．filled C．filling 8．A．mess B．clean C．tidy 9．A．so B．but C．because 10．A．careful B．careless C．carelessly 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】文章讲述了作者和朋友所在城市遭遇强台风时各自正在做的事，台风过后造成树木倒塌、街道积水等破坏，但无人受伤，大家一起清理灾后现场，作者也明白了自然灾害中保持谨慎、注意安全的重要性。 1．句意：我记得它发生时我正在做什么。 happen发生（原形）；happened发生（过去式）；happens发生（第三人称单数）。根据“what I was doing”可知，此处为一般过去时，“when”引导的时间状语从句也用一般过去时。故选B。 2．句意：突然，风变得非常猛烈，雨开始下得很大。 weak微弱的；strong强烈的；small小的。根据“there was a terrible typhoon in our city”可推知，台风天气风是“猛烈的”。故选B。 3．句意：我妈妈告诉我远离窗户。 away离开；near在……附近；to到。根据“the rain started to fall heavily”可知，台风天气应远离窗户，“stay away from”表示“远离”。故选A。 4．句意：她看见灯灭了。 see看见（原形）；saw看见（过去式）；seeing看见（现在分词）。全文讲述过去的事，此处应用一般过去时态。故选B。 5．句意：她给妈妈打电话问该做什么。 what什么；where哪里；when什么时候。“what to do”表示“做什么”，作“ask”宾语。故选A。 6．句意：他听见雨水敲打窗户的声音。 hear听见（原形）；heard听见（过去式）；hearing听见（现在分词）。全文为过去时，此处也应用一般过去时态。故选B。 7．句意：一些街道积满了水。 fill装满（原形）；filled被装满/装满（过去式/过去分词）；filling装满（现在分词）。“be filled with”表示“充满、填满”，为固定搭配 。故选B。 8．句意：第二天，我们帮忙清理混乱的现场。 mess混乱；clean干净的；tidy整洁的。根据“After the typhoon, we saw many fallen trees and broken windows.”可知，台风过后，树倒窗破，周围环境应是混乱的。故选A。 9．句意：这是辛苦的工作，但是能帮上忙我们感觉很好。 so所以；but但是；because因为。根据“It was hard work”和“we felt good to help”可知，句子前后是转折关系。故选B。 10．句意：现在我知道在自然灾害期间保持谨慎有多重要。 careful小心的；careless粗心的；carelessly粗心地。“be”动词后用形容词，“be careful”意为“小心、谨慎”，符合安全提醒的语境。故选A。 Last winter many parts of China, such as Hunan, Hubei and Guizhou experienced drops in temperature of more than 14℃. On December 12, 2023, the China government made 1 first yellow warning in ten years for freezing temperatures. 2 temperatures were low, a large crowd of people traveled to watch the great winter landscape. In Zhangjiajie, Hunan, the cold brought not only snow 3 also more than 4,000 visitors each day. 32Hike, an online travel platform (平台) in Guangzhou, said it increased the number of organized trips to Hengshan Mountain to give visitors a chance 4 the snow-white landscape. To serve tourists and provide a safe and 5 experience, scenic spots (风景区) used a lot of safety ways. They posted big safety warnings in risky areas and 6 free hot tea, raincoats and towels. Some medical aid sites 7 up to do with emergencies. “Kang Yang, a police officer working on Zhurong Peak, 8 highest point on Hengshan Mountain”, said all his workmates worked day and night. They kept walking around and helping out tourists at any time. “We tell visitors to the mountain to manage their time well, and ask them to come down from the mountain as 9 as possible, and no later than 4:00 pm. Officials also use megaphones (扩音器) to remind tourists 10 safety,” Kang said. 1．A．it B．its C．itself 2．A．Though B．Whether C．If 3．A．and B．so C．but 4．A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoying 5．A．comfortable B．uncomfortable C．comfortably 6．A．will offer B．offers C．offered 7．A．are set B．were set C．are setting 8．A．the B．a C．an 9．A．early B．earlier C．earliest 10．A．in B．with C．of 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国部分地区在2023年冬季遭遇极端低温天气，政府发布黄色预警，以及各地景区为游客提供安全保障和服务的情况。 1．句意：2023年12月12日，中国政府发布了十年来首次黄色预警，提醒人们注意低温天气。 it它，主/宾格；its它的，形容词性物主代词；itself他自己，反身代词。空处修饰名词短语“first yellow warning”，应用形容词性物主代词。故选B。 2．句意：虽然气温很低，但还是有一大群人前来观看这一壮观的冬季景观。 Though尽管；Whether是否；If如果。根据“temperatures were low, a large crowd of people traveled to watch the great winter landscape”可知，前半句是后半句的让步状语，所以用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 3．句意：在湖南张家界，寒冷不仅带来了雪，而且每天吸引了4000多名游客。 and和；so所以；but但是。not only...but also...“不但……而且……”。故选C。 4．句意：广州在线旅游平台32Hike表示，为了让游客有机会欣赏雪景，该公司增加了赴衡山旅游的组团数量。 enjoy欣赏（原形）；to enjoy去欣赏（不定式）；enjoying欣赏（现在分词）。根据“give visitors a chance…the snow-white landscape”可知，此处指欣赏美景的好机会，用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词chance。故选B。 5．句意：为了服务游客并提供安全和舒适的体验，风景区采取了许多安全措施。 comfortable舒适的；uncomfortable不舒适的；comfortably舒适地。根据“scenic spots (风景区) used a lot of safety ways”可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰“experience”，且应是为游客提供好的体验，所以用comfortable。故选A。 6．句意：他们在危险区域张贴了大型安全警告，并提供了免费的热茶、雨衣和毛巾。 will offer将提供（一般将来时）；offers提供（三单形式）；offered提供（过去式）。根据“They posted big safety warnings in risky areas and…free hot tea, raincoats and towels”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用过去式。故选C。 7．句意：一些医疗援助站点被设立以应对紧急情况。 are set被设立（一般现在时的被动语态）；were set被设立了（一般过去时的被动语态）；are setting正在设立（现在进行时）。本段是一般过去时，且主语与动词set up之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 8．句意：康阳是一名在衡山最高点祝融峰工作的警察。 the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于首字母发辅音音素的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于首字母发元音音素的单词前。根据“highest point on Hengshan Mountain”可知，最高级前用定冠词the。故选A。 9．句意：我们告诉到山上的游客要管理好自己的时间，并要求他们尽可能早地下山，不晚于下午4点。 early早，原级；earlier更早，比较级；earliest最早，最高级。根据“come down from the mountain as…as possible”可知，as...as之间用副词原级。故选A。 10．句意：工作人员还使用扩音器提醒游客注意安全。 in在……里；with和；of……的。根据“remind tourists…safety”可知，此处是固定短语remind sb of sth“提醒某人某事”。故选C。 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Protecting the environment helps prevent many natural disasters. Let’s see how they are connected. Trees act like natural guards. They hold soil together and help prevent floods. If we cut too many trees, rain can wash away soil 1 , causing floods or mudslides (泥石流). 2 planting more trees is a good way to prevent such disasters. Rivers and oceans need 3 too. When we throw rubbish or factories 4 wastewater into them, the environment is destroyed (破坏). Healthy oceans can reduce the strength of storms, including typhoons. Clean rivers are less likely to overflow (泛滥) when 5 rains heavily. The air matters as well. Polluted air changes the weather, making some disasters 6 frequent (频繁的). For example, rising 7 caused by pollution can lead to longer and more severe droughts (干旱). 8 short, protecting the environment means protecting ourselves. Taking care of the environment is the key to 9 natural disasters. Small actions, such as saving water or recycling, can make 10 big difference in keeping us safe. So let’s begin today. 1．A．easy B．easier C．easily 2．A．So B．But C．Because 3．A．carefully B．careful C．care 4．A．pour B．poured C．pouring 5．A．it B．its C．itself 6．A．much B．more C．most 7．A．temperatures B．temperatures’ C．temperature’s 8．A．At B．In C．For 9．A．prevent B．prevented C．preventing 10．A．a B．an C．the 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了环境保护与自然灾害之间的联系，强调保护环境可以预防灾害，呼吁人们采取行动保护地球。 1．句意：如果我们砍太多的树，雨水就可以轻易冲走土壤，造成洪水灾害或泥石流。 easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易的，形容词的比较级；easily容易地，副词。修饰动词短语wash away应使用副词，easy的副词形式为easily。故选C。 2．句意：所以多种树是预防此类灾害的好方法。 So因此，表结果；But但是，表转折；Because因为，表原因。前句说明乱砍滥伐导致灾害，后句提出解决方法，构成因果关系，应用So。故选A。 3．句意：河流和海洋也需要保护。 carefully仔细地，副词；careful认真的，形容词；care关心，名词。need为实义动词，后接名词作宾语。故选C。 4．句意：当我们扔垃圾或工厂将废水倒入河流时，环境就受到破坏了。 pour倾倒，动词原形；poured动词的过去式；pouring动名词。主语factories为复数，一般现在时，谓语用动词原形pour。故选A。 5．句意：干净的河流在暴雨时不易泛滥。 it它，代词，指代上文出现的单数或不可数名词；its它的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；itself它自己，反身代词。此处it指代天气，作主语。故选A。 6．句意：污染的空气会改变天气，使一些灾害更频繁。 much多的，原级，修饰不可数名词；more更多的，比较级；most最多的，最高级。make+宾语+形容词比较级，frequent的比较级为more frequent。故选B。 7．句意：比如，由污染引起的气温上升可能导致更久更严重的干旱。 temperatures各种温度，名词复数；temperatures’各种温度的，复数名词的所有格；temperature’s温度的，单数名词的所有格。此处需要名词作主语，temperature为可数名词，此处用复数形式temperatures泛指气温。故选A。 8．句意：简而言之，保护环境就意味着保护我们自己。 At在；In在……里；For为了。in short为固定短语，意为“简而言之”。故选B。 9．句意：保护环境是预防自然灾害的关键。 prevent阻止，动词原形；prevented动词的过去式；preventing动名词。the key to中的to为介词，后接动名词preventing。故选C。 10．句意：比如像节约用水，回收利用这样的小小的举动可以在保护我们自己安全这件事上产生很大的影响。 a一个，不定冠词；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响；起作用”。故选A。 Rising from the Ruins Time flies. It has been many years since the Wenchuan Earthquake shook the world. The terrible disaster happened 1 May 12, 2008. In just a few minutes, beautiful towns were turned into ruins, and thousands of families lost their loved ones. However, the disaster also showed the strength of love. Soldiers and volunteers 2 arrived at the scene first were true heroes. They worked day and night without rest. They risked their own lives 3 the people buried under the rocks. The whole world witnessed 4 united and brave the Chinese people were in the face of natural disasters. Years have passed, and a miracle (奇迹) has happened. New towns 5 on the old land since then. If you go there today, you will see wide roads and safe houses. The buildings 6 by the earthquake are gone forever. Instead, new schools and hospitals stand firmly under the blue sky. 7 the scars of the earth have healed, the memories remain in our hearts. 8 the victims is our way of showing respect to life. This history teaches 9 to cherish every day we have. Nature can be cruel, but the human spirit is 10 than that. As long as we stand together, there is nothing we cannot overcome. 1．A．in B．at C．on 2．A．which B．who C．whom 3．A．to save B．saving C．save 4．A．that B．what C．how 5．A．were built B．are built C．have been built 6．A．to destroy B．destroyed C．destroying 7．A．Because B．If C．Although 8．A．Remember B．Remembering C．Remembers 9．A．us B．our C．ours 10．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章回顾了2008年汶川大地震带来的巨大灾难，赞美了救援英雄们无私奉献的精神，并介绍了灾后重建的奇迹，最后感悟到人类精神的强大以及珍惜当下的重要意义。 1．句意：这场可怕的灾难发生在2008年5月12日。 in用于年份、月份、季节或上午/下午/晚上；at用于具体的时间点；on用于具体的某一天或日期。根据“…May 12, 2008.”可知，此处指具体的日期，应用介词on。故选C。 2．句意：最先抵达现场的士兵和志愿者是真正的英雄。 which哪一个，指代物；who谁，指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，指代人，在从句中作宾语。根据“Soldiers and volunteers…arrived at the scene first”可知，先行词是“士兵和志愿者”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选B。 3．句意：他们冒着生命危险去拯救埋在岩石下的人们。 to save拯救，动词不定式；saving拯救，动名词/现在分词；save拯救，动词原形。根据“They risked their own lives…the people buried under the rocks.”可知，此处表示“冒生命危险”的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。 4．句意：全世界都见证了中国人民在自然灾害面前是多么团结和勇敢。 that引导宾语从句，无实际意义；what什么；how多么。根据“…united and brave the Chinese people were…”可知，这是一个感叹句充当witnessed的宾语从句，结构为“how+形容词+主语+谓语”。故选C。 5．句意：从那以后，在这片旧土地上建起了新的城镇。 were built被建造，一般过去时的被动语态；are built被建造，一般现在时的被动语态；have been built已经建造，现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“since then”可知，句子应用现在完成时。主语“New towns”与动词build之间是被动关系，表示“新城镇被建造”，应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been done。故选C。 6．句意：被地震摧毁的建筑永远消失了。 to destroy摧毁，动词不定式；destroyed摧毁，过去分词；destroying摧毁，现在分词/动名词。根据“The buildings…by the earthquake are gone forever.”可知，此处作后置定语修饰buildings，且buildings与destroy之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。故选B。 7．句意：虽然大地的伤痕已经愈合，但记忆仍留在我们心中。 Because因为；If如果；Although虽然。根据“…the scars of the earth have healed, the memories remain in our hearts.”可知，虽然大地的伤痕已经愈合，但记忆仍留在我们心中。前后分句之间存在让步转折逻辑。故选C。 8．句意：缅怀遇难者是我们表达对生命尊重的方式。 Remember记得，动词原形；Remembering记得，动名词；Remembers记得，三单形式。根据“…the victims is our way of showing respect to life.”可知，此处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故选B。 9．句意：这段历史教会我们珍惜所拥有的每一天。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“This history teaches…to cherish…”可知，teach是及物动词，后接人称代词作宾语，应用宾格形式。故选A。 10．句意：大自然可以是残酷的，但人类的精神比这更强大。 strong强大的；stronger更强大的；strongest最强大的。根据“…than that.”可知，此处存在两者之间的比较，关键词than提示应用形容词比较级。故选B。 能力综合实践4篇 The Night the River Rose The rain had been falling for three days. In the small village by the river, people were worried. Tom looked out  of the window. The river, usually calm and blue, turned brown and angry. It was rising higher and higher. At around 8:00 p.m., the water began to flow into the streets.Tom’s father shouted, “We must leave now!” While they 1 their bags, the electricity went out. The house became dark. Tom grabbed his flashlight and his dog, Max. They climbed to the roof of their house because the water was 2 deep that they couldn’t walk on the ground. It was a terrifying night. They could hear the sound of the rushing water and the wind. Tom wondered 3 they would be safe. Suddenly, a bright light shone on them. It was a rescue boat! A firefighter 4 a bright orange jacket waved at them.“Don’t worry! We are here 5 you,” he shouted. Tom and his family 6 into the boat. They were cold and wet but alive. They were taken to a safe place in a nearby school. Many other villagers were there, too. Some were crying, while 7 were drinking hot soup. The flood destroyed many houses, 8 it brought the community together. People helped each other clean up the mud after the water went down. Tom realized that nature is powerful, but human courage is 9 . He decided that he would become a firefighter when he grew up. He wanted to be the person 10 brings hope in the dark. 1．A．packed B．were packing C．pack 2．A．too B．such C．so 3．A．that B．if C．what 4．A．in B．with C．on 5．A．helped B．helping C．to help 6．A．pull B．were pulled C．pulled 7．A．others B．the other C．another 8．A．because B．since C．but 9．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 10．A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了暴雨引发洪水时，Tom一家爬上屋顶避险，最终被消防员救出。这次经历让Tom感受到了人类勇气的伟大，并立志长大后成为一名消防员。 1．句意：他们正在收拾行李时，停电了。 packed打包，过去式；were packing打包，过去进行时；pack打包，动词原形。根据“While they…their bags, the electricity went out.”可知，此处表示过去正在进行的背景动作被另一个突发动作中断，应用过去进行时。故选B。 2．句意：他们爬上了自家屋顶，因为水太深了，根本无法在地面行走。 too太；such如此，用于修饰名词；so如此，用于修饰形容词或副词。根据“... the water was ... deep that they couldn’t walk on the ground.”可知，此处是“so+adj.+that…”固定搭配，表示“如此……以至于……”。deep为形容词，应用so修饰。故选C。 3．句意：Tom不知道他们是否能安全。 that引导词，无实际意义；if是否；what什么。根据“Tom wondered…they would be safe.”可知，此处引导宾语从句，表达一种不确定的猜测，意为“是否”。故选B。 4．句意：一名穿着亮橙色夹克的消防员向他们挥手。 in穿着，后接衣服或颜色；with带有，表示伴随；on在……上。根据“A firefighter…a bright orange jacket waved at them.”可知，此处指消防员穿着亮橙色夹克。故选A。 5．句意：“别担心！我们是来帮助你们的，” 他喊道。 helped帮助，过去式；helping帮助，现在分词；to help帮助，不定式。根据“We are here…you”可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“来这里的目的”。故选C。 6．句意：Tom和他的家人被拉上了船。 pull拉，原形；were pulled被拉，被动语态；pulled拉，过去式。根据“Tom and his family…into the boat.”可知，主语“Tom和家人”是动作pull的承受者，且发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 7．句意：有些人在哭泣，而另一些人则在喝热汤。 others另一些人，指代剩余中的部分；the other另一个，指两者中的另一个；another另一个，泛指三个或以上中的另一个。根据“Some were crying, while…were drinking hot soup.”可知，此处是“some…others…”固定搭配，意为“一些……另一些……”。故选A。 8．句意：洪水摧毁了许多房屋，但也让整个社区凝聚在了一起。 because因为，表因果；since自从，表时间或原因；but但是，表转折。根据“The flood destroyed many houses, …it brought the community together.”可知，前半句描述灾难的破坏，后半句描述积极的社会影响，前后句意存在明显的转折关系。故选C。 9．句意：Tom意识到，大自然固然强大，但人类的勇气更强大。 strong强大的，原级；stronger更强大的，比较级；strongest最强大的，最高级。根据“Tom realized that nature is powerful, but human courage is…”可知，此处是将“自然的威力”与“人类的勇气”进行对比，表示人类勇气胜过大自然，应用比较级。故选B。 10．句意：他想成为那个在黑暗中带来希望的人。 which哪一个，指代物；who谁，指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，指代人，在从句中作宾语。根据“He wanted to be the person…brings hope in the dark.”可知，定语从句的先行词是the person，指人，且关系代词在从句中作谓语brings的主语。故选B。 Preparing for natural disasters Natural disasters like earthquakes and floods can happen suddenly, so knowing how 1 for them is important. It’s hard to predict 2 a disaster will strike your area, but being ready helps you avoid danger. Last year, a small town in Sichuan had a flood. Local people said 3 scary it was when the water rose quickly. But those who 4 the disaster tips stayed safe. For example, Mr. Li moved his family to higher ground as soon as he 5 the warning. If you live in an area with frequent storms, remember 6 all windows before the storm comes. You should also learn 7 to use a fire extinguisher, just in case. Many schools teach students about disaster safety, and students say 8 these lessons help them feel more confident. 9 important it is to stay calm during a disaster! Panic can make things worse. No matter 10 the disaster is, following safety rules can save lives. 1．A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing 2．A．what B．how C．whether 3．A．how B．what C．what a 4．A．follow B．followed C．will follow 5．A．hears B．heard C．is hearing 6．A．to close B．closing C．close 7．A．how B．what C．that 8．A．if B．that C．why 9．A．What B．How C．What an 10．A．what B．when C．where 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，强调了为自然灾害提前做准备的重要性。 1．句意：像地震和洪水这样的自然灾害可能会突然发生，因此了解如何做好应对准备非常重要。 prepare准备，动词原形；to prepare准备，动词不定式；preparing准备，动名词。空格前为疑问词“how”，故此处应用“疑问词+动词不定式”的固定结构，整体相当于一个名词短语，在句中作宾语。故选B。 2．句意：虽然很难预测灾难是否会降临到你的所在地区，但做好准备能帮助你避免危险。 what什么；how怎么样；whether是否。动词“predict”（预测）后接宾语从句，表示不确定性，需用“whether”（是否）引导。故选C。 3．句意：当地居民说，洪水迅速上涨的时候场面非常可怕。 how引导的感叹句后接形容词或副词；what后接不可数名词或复数名词短语；what a后接单数名词短语。此空格考查感叹句结构，修饰形容词“scary”（可怕的），需用“how”表示“多么”。故选A。 4．句意：但那些遵循了救灾建议的人却安然无恙。 follow遵循，动词原形；followed遵循，动词过去式；will follow遵循，一般将来时。根据语境可知，此处是描述过去事件（去年的洪水），定语从句需用过去时，动词follow应用过去式。故选B。 5．句意：比如，李先生一听到警报就带着家人转移到了地势较高的地方。 hears听见，动词第三人称单数形式；heard听见，动词过去式；is hearing听见，现在进行时。“as soon as”（一……就）引导时间状语从句，主句“moved”为过去时，从句也需用过去时，动词hear应用过去式。故选B。 6．句意：如果你居住在经常遭受暴风雨侵袭的地区，请记得在暴风雨来临前将所有窗户关上。 to close关闭，动词不定式；closing关闭，动名词；close关闭，动词原形。remember后接动词不定式to do表示“记得要去做某事”（未发生）。选项A“to close”（关窗）正确，强调动作未完成。故选A。 7．句意：此外，你还应该学习如何使用灭火器，以防万一。 how怎么样；what什么；that引导从句时无实际意义。该空格考查“learn how to do something”（学习如何做某事）的固定搭配，故应用疑问词how，故选A。 8．句意：许多学校都会向学生传授灾害安全知识，学生们表示这些课程让他们更有信心了。 if是否，引导宾语从句时，表示不确定的概念；that引导从句时无实际意义；why为什么。根据句子结构，动词“say”后接宾语从句，此处应用“that”引导陈述句内容。故选B。 9．句意：在灾难发生时保持冷静是多么重要啊！ What后接不可数名词或名词复数形式；How后接形容词或副词；What an后接可数名词单数形式。空格处所在句子是感叹句，结构为“…important it is…”，修饰形容词用“How”，故选B。 10．句意：无论灾难是什么，遵循安全规则都能拯救生命。 what什么；when什么时候；where哪里。短语“no matter what”是固定搭配，表示“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句，故选A。 Typhoons are one of the most dangerous natural disasters in coastal areas. Last summer, a strong typhoon 1 our city suddenly. Before it arrived, the weather forecast 2 people to stay at home and close all windows tightly. When the typhoon came, the wind blew so 3 that many street signs fell down, and the rain poured heavily. Many big trees 4 by the wind. Some roads were blocked, so cars 5 pass through. A little girl was trapped in her house alone when a kind volunteer 6 and helped her get to a safe place. After the typhoon, the sun came out the next morning. People worked together 7 the mess. Many people found that their houses 8 by the strong wind. The government provided food and water for 9 who lost their homes. Although the typhoon caused much damage, 10 people got hurt because of the timely preparation. We learned that it’s important to follow the disaster safety rules before a typhoon comes. 1．A．hit B．hits C．will hit 2．A．warned B．had warned C．was warning 3．A．strongly B．strong C．stronger 4．A．were blown down B．blew down C．blow down 5．A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t 6．A．was passing by B．passed by C．had passed by 7．A．clean up B．to clean up C．cleaning up 8．A．had been destroyed B．was destroyed C．destroyed 9．A．those B．that C．this 10．A．few B．a few C．little 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了去年夏天一场强台风袭击城市的过程，以及台风过后人们团结清理、政府提供援助的情况，强调了遵守安全规则的重要性。 1．句意：去年夏天，一场强台风突然袭击了我们的城市。 时间状语“Last summer”表示过去时间，空格处需填一般过去时的谓语动词。hit是过去式，意为“袭击”，符合语法要求。 2．句意：在它到来之前，天气预报已经警告人们待在家里并紧闭所有窗户。 动作发生在台风到来之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。had warned是过去完成时，表示在台风到来之前已经发出警告，符合语境。 3．句意：台风来临时，风刮得如此猛烈，许多路牌被吹倒，而且雨下得非常猛烈。 空格修饰动词“blew”，应用副词形式。strongly是副词，意为“猛烈地”，符合语法要求。 4．句意：许多大树被风刮倒了。 主语“Many big trees”与谓语“blow down”之间为被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情。were blown down是一般过去时的被动语态，意为“被吹倒”，符合语境。 5．句意：一些道路被堵塞，所以汽车无法通过。 道路被堵导致汽车“不能”通过，表示能力上的不可能。couldn’t意为“不能”，表示过去的能力不可能，符合语境。 6．句意：一个小女孩独自被困在家里，这时一位好心的志愿者路过并帮助她到了安全的地方。 句子描述过去发生的动作，且“and helped”为并列谓语，时态应一致。passed by是一般过去时，意为“路过”，符合语境。 7．句意：台风过后，人们一起清理混乱的现场。 空格在“worked together”后作目的状语，表示“为了清理”，应用动词不定式。to clean up是不定式，作目的状语，符合语法。 8．句意：许多人发现他们的房屋被强风摧毁了。 房屋被摧毁发生在发现之前，即“过去的过去”，且主语“houses”与谓语“destroy”之间为被动关系。had been destroyed是过去完成时的被动语态，符合语境。 9．句意：政府为那些失去家园的人提供了食物和水。 空格在介词“for”后作宾语，且指代“失去家园的人”，应用指示代词。those意为“那些人”，可以指代复数名词，符合语境。 10．句意：虽然台风造成了很大破坏，但由于及时的准备，几乎没有人受伤。 空格修饰“people”，表示“几乎没有”，且“people”是可数名词复数。few意为“几乎没有”，表示否定意义，符合语境。 Natural disasters 1 more frequent and severe in recent years around the world. Scientists believe that climate change 2 a major role in this worrying trend. Many countries now 3 better warning systems including advanced weather monitoring technology to protect people from potential dangers. When a disaster suddenly 4 , it is important to stay calm and avoid panic. People should immediately follow instructions 5 by local authorities through official channels. In some high-risk areas, schools regularly practise earthquake and fire drills so that students 6 exactly what to do when real emergencies occur, such as where to find safe shelter. We cannot prevent natural disasters from 7 completely, but we can definitely reduce their impact through adequate preparation. Making an emergency kit with essential supplies is much 8 than waiting until the last minute when stores may be closed. Remember, being prepared today 9 your life tomorrow and protects your loved ones. Let’s all learn 10 ready for unexpected events by creating family emergency plans and staying informed about local risks. 1．A．have become B．became C．are becoming 2．A．plays B．played C．playing 3．A．develop B．developed C．are developing 4．A．strikes B．struck C．will strike 5．A．give B．gave C．given 6．A．know B．knew C．will know 7．A．happen B．happening C．happened 8．A．good B．better C．best 9．A．saves B．save C．could save 10．A．be B．to be C．being 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述近年来自然灾害愈发频繁，各国正完善预警系统，并强调人们应通过充分准备来降低灾害影响的故事。 1．句意：近年来，世界各地的自然灾害变得更加频繁和严重。 in recent years是现在完成时的标志，强调从过去到现在的变化，应用have become。became是一般过去时，are becoming是现在进行时，均不符合语境。 2．句意：科学家认为气候变化在这一令人担忧的趋势中扮演着重要角色。 主语climate change是单数，句子表达客观事实，应用一般现在时plays。played是一般过去时，playing不能单独作谓语，均不符。 3．句意：许多国家现在正在开发更好的预警系统，包括先进的天气监测技术，以保护人们免受潜在危险。 now体现“现阶段正在进行”的动作，应用现在进行时are developing。develop是一般现在时，developed是一般过去时，均不能体现“正在进行”的含义。 4．句意：当灾难突然来袭时，保持冷静、避免恐慌很重要。 时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，应用strikes。struck是一般过去时，will strike是一般将来时，均不符合语法规则。 5．句意：人们应立即遵循地方当局通过官方渠道发布的指示。 instructions和give是被动关系，需用过去分词given作后置定语，表示“被给出的指示”。give和gave不能体现被动含义，均不符。 6．句意：在一些高风险地区，学校定期进行地震和消防演练，以便学生在真正的紧急情况发生时确切知道该做什么。 so that引导目的状语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句用一般现在时know表“具备的能力”，比将来时更贴合语境。knew是一般过去时，will know是一般将来时，均不如know贴切。 7．句意：我们无法完全阻止自然灾害发生，但我们肯定可以通过充分准备来减少其影响。 固定搭配prevent...from doing sth.表示“阻止……做某事”，应用动名词happening。happen和happened不能跟在from后，均不符。 8．句意：准备一个包含基本物资的应急包，比等到最后一刻商店可能关门时再准备要好得多。 much后接比较级，且有than表对比，应用better。good是原级，best是最高级，均不符合比较语境。 9．句意：记住，今天做好准备会拯救你明天的生命，并保护你所爱的人。 动名词短语being prepared today作主语，谓语动词用单数，应用saves。save是原形，could save是过去将来时，均不符。 10．句意：让我们都通过制定家庭应急计划和了解当地风险，来学习为意外事件做好准备。 固定搭配learn to do sth.表示“学习做某事”，应用不定式to be。be和being不能跟在learn后，均不符。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $