Unit 5 Green neighbourhood语法专题练习2025-2026学年上海沪教版（五四学制）六年级下册英语

**基本信息** 本专项围绕“绿色社区”主题，系统梳理can、may、should的核心用法，通过情境化练习构建“概念梳理-单选辨析-语篇应用”的语法训练体系，提升语言运用能力与环保意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法要点梳理|4点核心用法|总结can（能力）、may（许可/可能）、should（建议）的功能及否定/疑问结构|从情态动词功能区分到语法规则归纳，构建基础概念框架| |单项选择|20题（如第1题should表建议、第2题may表请求）|通过环保场景辨析情态动词适用语境|针对不同功能设计典型情境，强化用法差异认知| |语法阅读单选|3篇30题（如基础训练（一）第4题should表责任）|在语篇中综合运用情态动词，结合上下文判断语义|从单句辨析过渡到语篇理解，提升语境化语法应用能力|

学校：___________ 姓名：___________ 班级：___________ 考号：___________ Unit 5 Green neighbourhood 语法专题练习（学生版） 上海沪教版（五四学制） 六年级下册英语 本专题围绕“绿色社区”单元，梳理情态动词 can、may、should 的核心用法，帮助学生理解如何用情态动词谈论能力、请求许可和提出环保建议，结合环保行为场景强化语法运用。 一、本单元语法要点梳理 1. can 表示能力或可以做某事，后接动词原形，如 We can recycle bottles to help the environment. 2. may 表示可能性或请求许可，后接动词原形，如 May I sort the rubbish? 回答可用 “Yes, you may.” 或 “No, you may not.” 3. should 表示建议、责任或应该做某事，常用于环保行为倡议，如 You should turn off the tap to save water. 4. 情态动词没有人称和数变化，否定形式直接在后面加 not，如 cannot / can’t, may not, should not / shouldn’t；一般疑问句将情态动词提前，如 Can you repair old items? 二、单项选择（共20题） 从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 1. We ____ recycle bottles and cans to help the environment. A. can B. may C. should D. must 2. ____ I borrow your book about green cities? A. May B. Can C. Should D. Must 3. You ____ turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. A. should B. can C. may D. must 4. The old computer is broken. We ____ repair it. A. can't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 5. It ____ be sunny later, but I'm not sure. A. may B. should C. can D. must 6. We ____ waste electricity. It is bad for the planet. A. shouldn't B. can't C. may not D. mustn't 7. ____ you sort rubbish at home? A. Can B. May C. Should D. Must 8. She is not feeling well. She ____ come to school today. A. may not B. can't C. shouldn't D. mustn't 9. ____ we use both sides of the paper to save trees? A. Should B. Can C. May D. Must 10. You ____ pick up the litter to keep the neighbourhood clean. A. should B. can C. may D. must 11. ____ I use your cloth bag? A. May B. Can C. Should D. Must 12. We ____ protect the environment because it's our home. A. should B. can C. may D. must 13. We have old clothes. We ____ make cloth bags with them. A. can B. may C. should D. must 14. There ____ be a green market this weekend, but it's not certain. A. may B. should C. can D. must 15. You ____ save water when you wash your hands. A. should B. can C. may D. must 16. ____ I use the recycling bin over there? A. Can B. May C. Should D. Must 17. You ____ throw rubbish on the ground. It's not green. A. shouldn't B. can't C. may not D. mustn't 18. Dad says we ____ watch TV too much. It wastes energy. A. shouldn't B. can't C. may not D. mustn't 19. I am not good at art. I ____ draw a green city poster. A. can't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 20. ____ we walk or ride a bike to school to reduce pollution? A. Should B. Can C. May D. Must 三、语法阅读单选（共3篇） 本部分共 3 篇阅读，每篇 10 题。 基础训练（一） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 I live in a green neighbourhood. People here always try to reduce, reuse and recycle. Last Sunday, our community had a special Earth Day event. The weather was fine and everyone was very excited. Many families and children came to take part. Some volunteers helped to pick up litter in the park. I ___1___ plastic bottles and cans with my friend Tom. My brother ___2___ old newspapers and glass. We also sorted all the rubbish into different ___3___. There were bins for paper, plastic and glass. An old man repaired some broken toys and clocks. He said, "We ___4___ always try to fix things before throwing them away." My mum made cloth bags ___5___ old T-shirts. She used old clothes and said, "You can make a bag too." I felt very proud to help my neighbourhood. It was ___6___ busy but happy day. I learned that everyone ___7___ help the environment. Small actions can make a big ___8___. I think we should always remember the 3Rs, ___9___ we also need to tell ___10___ about it. If everyone does a little, our world will be better. 1. A. pick up B. picks up C. picked up D. picking up 2. A. collect B. collects C. collected D. collecting 3. A. bin B. bins C. the bin D. a bin 4. A. can B. may C. should D. must 5. A. in B. on C. from D. by 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. can B. may C. should D. must 8. A. different B. differently C. difference D. same 9. A. and B. but C. so D. or 10. A. other B. others C. the other D. another 基础训练（二） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Our neighbourhood is a green place. People here love nature. We do many things to help the environment. We collect bottles and cans every Saturday. We also sort rubbish carefully. My father says we ___1___ recycle many things. He ___2___ at a recycling centre. He likes his job very much. Last week, I ___3___ to the park with my friends. We saw an old man. ___4___ actions were very kind. He was picking up litter. We joined him. We worked for two hours. We felt a little tired, ___5___ we were very happy. Then we went home. My mother gave me ___6___ cloth bag. She made it herself. Now I use the bag when I go shopping. I think plastic bags are bad. We ___7___ use them too much. My ___8___ cloth bags are very beautiful. She makes them very ___9___. She puts the bags ___10___ a shelf. I think our neighbourhood is a great place to live. 1. A. can B. may C. should D. must 2. A. work B. works C. working D. worked 3. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 4. A. He B. His C. Him D. Himself 5. A. and B. but C. so D. because 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. can't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 8. A. mother B. mothers C. mother's D. mothers' 9. A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully 10. A. in B. on C. at D. into 拓展训练（一） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Last Friday, our school had a Green Neighbourhood Day. Our teacher told us that everyone ___1___ help to make our neighbourhood greener. We were all excited. First, we planned to collect old bottles and cans. We also ___2___ to make cloth bags and repair some old items. Miss Li said, "Small actions ___3___ bring big changes." Early that morning, we met at the community centre. Many students ___4___ their old books and toys. They put them on the tables for exchange. I helped my friend Lily sort the rubbish. She showed me ___5___ good way to recycle paper. We also learned how to repair a broken chair. It was a lot of ___6___. In the afternoon, we went to the park. We saw many bottles on the ground. We picked ___7___ up and threw them into the bin. A woman said, "You did a good job!" We were very happy. We stayed there ___8___ two hours. After that, we went home. We all agreed that we should keep our neighbourhood clean. It is not difficult, ___9___ we need to do it every day. I think we should all work ___10___ to protect the environment. 1. A. can B. may C. should D. must 2. A. plan B. planned C. will plan D. are planning 3. A. can B. may C. must D. should 4. A. bring B. brought C. brings D. will bring 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. A. fun B. funs C. a fun D. the fun 7. A. they B. their C. theirs D. them 8. A. in B. for C. since D. during 9. A. and B. but C. so D. because 10. A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校：___________ 姓名：___________ 班级：___________ 考号：___________ Unit 5 Green neighbourhood 语法专题练习（教师版） 上海沪教版（五四学制） 六年级下册英语 本专题围绕“绿色社区”单元，梳理情态动词 can、may、should 的核心用法，帮助学生理解如何用情态动词谈论能力、请求许可和提出环保建议，结合环保行为场景强化语法运用。 一、本单元语法要点梳理 1. can 表示能力或可以做某事，后接动词原形，如 We can recycle bottles to help the environment. 2. may 表示可能性或请求许可，后接动词原形，如 May I sort the rubbish? 回答可用 “Yes, you may.” 或 “No, you may not.” 3. should 表示建议、责任或应该做某事，常用于环保行为倡议，如 You should turn off the tap to save water. 4. 情态动词没有人称和数变化，否定形式直接在后面加 not，如 cannot / can’t, may not, should not / shouldn’t；一般疑问句将情态动词提前，如 Can you repair old items? 二、单项选择（共20题） 从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 1. We ____ recycle bottles and cans to help the environment. A. can B. may C. should D. must 【答案】A 【知识点】can表示能力 【解析】can表示有能力做某事，这里指我们能够回收瓶罐。may表示可能性，should表示建议，must表示必须，均不符合句意。 2. ____ I borrow your book about green cities? A. May B. Can C. Should D. Must 【答案】A 【知识点】may表示请求许可 【解析】May I... 是更正式的请求许可方式，符合礼貌语境。Can I... 较非正式，Should表示建议，Must表示必须，均不恰当。 3. You ____ turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. A. should B. can C. may D. must 【答案】A 【知识点】should表示建议 【解析】should表示建议，应该关掉水龙头。can表示能力，may表示可能性，must表示必须，此处用建议更合适。 4. The old computer is broken. We ____ repair it. A. can't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 【答案】A 【知识点】can't表示不能 【解析】can't表示没有能力修理。may not表示可能不，shouldn't表示不应该，mustn't表示禁止，均不符合语境。 5. It ____ be sunny later, but I'm not sure. A. may B. should C. can D. must 【答案】A 【知识点】may表示可能性 【解析】may表示可能性，与'but I'm not sure'呼应。should表示应该，can表示能力，must表示必须，均不恰当。 6. We ____ waste electricity. It is bad for the planet. A. shouldn't B. can't C. may not D. mustn't 【答案】A 【知识点】shouldn't表示不应该 【解析】shouldn't表示不应该浪费电。can't表示不能，may not表示可能不，mustn't表示禁止，此处建议更贴切。 7. ____ you sort rubbish at home? A. Can B. May C. Should D. Must 【答案】A 【知识点】can表示能力（疑问句） 【解析】Can you...? 询问是否能够分类垃圾。May表示许可，Should表示建议，Must表示必须，均不符合语境。 8. She is not feeling well. She ____ come to school today. A. may not B. can't C. shouldn't D. mustn't 【答案】A 【知识点】may not表示可能不 【解析】may not表示可能不来，是一种推测。can't表示不能，shouldn't表示不应该，mustn't表示禁止，均不合适。 9. ____ we use both sides of the paper to save trees? A. Should B. Can C. May D. Must 【答案】A 【知识点】should表示建议（疑问句） 【解析】Should we...? 询问我们是否应该这样做。Can问能力，May问许可，Must问必须，均不恰当。 10. You ____ pick up the litter to keep the neighbourhood clean. A. should B. can C. may D. must 【答案】A 【知识点】should表示建议 【解析】should表示建议，应该捡起垃圾。can表示能力，may表示可能性，must表示必须，此处建议更合适。 11. ____ I use your cloth bag? A. May B. Can C. Should D. Must 【答案】A 【知识点】may表示请求许可 【解析】May I... 是更正式的请求许可，符合礼貌语境。Can I... 较非正式，Should表示建议，Must表示必须，均不恰当。 12. We ____ protect the environment because it's our home. A. should B. can C. may D. must 【答案】A 【知识点】should表示责任 【解析】should表示有责任保护环境。can表示能力，may表示可能性，must语气过强，这里强调责任而非强制。 13. We have old clothes. We ____ make cloth bags with them. A. can B. may C. should D. must 【答案】A 【知识点】can表示能力 【解析】can表示能够制作布袋。may表示可能性，should表示建议，must表示必须，这里强调能力更合适。 14. There ____ be a green market this weekend, but it's not certain. A. may B. should C. can D. must 【答案】A 【知识点】may表示可能性 【解析】may表示可能性，与'it's not certain'呼应。should表示应该，can表示能够，must表示必定，均不恰当。 15. You ____ save water when you wash your hands. A. should B. can C. may D. must 【答案】A 【知识点】should表示建议 【解析】should表示应该节约用水。can表示能力，may表示可能，must表示必须，这里建议更贴切。 16. ____ I use the recycling bin over there? A. Can B. May C. Should D. Must 【答案】A 【知识点】can表示请求许可 【解析】Can I...? 询问是否可以使用，请求许可，自然口语化。May更正式，Should表建议，Must表必须。 17. You ____ throw rubbish on the ground. It's not green. A. shouldn't B. can't C. may not D. mustn't 【答案】A 【知识点】shouldn't表示不应该 【解析】shouldn't表示不应该乱扔垃圾。can't表示不能，may not表示可能不，mustn't表示禁止，此处建议不要做更贴切。 18. Dad says we ____ watch TV too much. It wastes energy. A. shouldn't B. can't C. may not D. mustn't 【答案】A 【知识点】shouldn't表示不应该 【解析】shouldn't表示不应该看太多电视。can't表示不能，may not表示可能不，mustn't表示禁止，均不贴切。 19. I am not good at art. I ____ draw a green city poster. A. can't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 【答案】A 【知识点】can't表示不能 【解析】can't表示没有能力画海报。may not表示可能不，shouldn't表示不应该，mustn't表示禁止，均不符合。 20. ____ we walk or ride a bike to school to reduce pollution? A. Should B. Can C. May D. Must 【答案】A 【知识点】should表示建议（疑问句） 【解析】Should we...? 询问是否应该这样做，征求建议。Can问能力，May问许可，Must问必须，均不恰当。 三、语法阅读单选（共3篇） 本部分共 3 篇阅读，每篇 10 题。 基础训练（一） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 I live in a green neighbourhood. People here always try to reduce, reuse and recycle. Last Sunday, our community had a special Earth Day event. The weather was fine and everyone was very excited. Many families and children came to take part. Some volunteers helped to pick up litter in the park. I ___1___ plastic bottles and cans with my friend Tom. My brother ___2___ old newspapers and glass. We also sorted all the rubbish into different ___3___. There were bins for paper, plastic and glass. An old man repaired some broken toys and clocks. He said, "We ___4___ always try to fix things before throwing them away." My mum made cloth bags ___5___ old T-shirts. She used old clothes and said, "You can make a bag too." I felt very proud to help my neighbourhood. It was ___6___ busy but happy day. I learned that everyone ___7___ help the environment. Small actions can make a big ___8___. I think we should always remember the 3Rs, ___9___ we also need to tell ___10___ about it. If everyone does a little, our world will be better. 1. A. pick up B. picks up C. picked up D. picking up 2. A. collect B. collects C. collected D. collecting 3. A. bin B. bins C. the bin D. a bin 4. A. can B. may C. should D. must 5. A. in B. on C. from D. by 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. can B. may C. should D. must 8. A. different B. differently C. difference D. same 9. A. and B. but C. so D. or 10. A. other B. others C. the other D. another 【答案与解析】 1. 答案：C 知识点：一般过去时 【解析】根据时间状语Last Sunday和上下文均用过去时，此处应为一般过去时，动词用过去式picked up。 2. 答案：C 知识点：一般过去时 【解析】叙述过去事件，与前半句时态一致，用一般过去时，collected。 3. 答案：B 知识点：名词复数 【解析】different后接可数名词复数，表示多种不同的垃圾桶，因此用bins。 4. 答案：C 知识点：should表示建议 【解析】此处表达“我们应该总是尽量修理东西”，should表示建议或责任，符合语境。must语气过强，can/may不表建议。 5. 答案：C 知识点：介词from表示原材料 【解析】make…from表示“用……制成”，原料通常看不出；此处用旧T恤做布袋，应用from。 6. 答案：A 知识点：不定冠词a 【解析】day为可数名词单数，此处泛指“忙碌但快乐的一天”，busy以辅音音素开头，故用a。 7. 答案：A 知识点：can表示能力或可以做某事 【解析】此句表达“每个人都能为环境出力”，强调能力或可能性，can符合语境。 8. 答案：C 知识点：词性转换：名词difference 【解析】make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响”，需用名词difference。 9. 答案：A 知识点：并列连词and 【解析】前后分句为顺承关系，均表示我们应做的事，用and连接。 10. 答案：B 知识点：代词others泛指其他人 【解析】tell others about it意为“告诉其他人此事”，others泛指其他的人，符合语境。 基础训练（二） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Our neighbourhood is a green place. People here love nature. We do many things to help the environment. We collect bottles and cans every Saturday. We also sort rubbish carefully. My father says we ___1___ recycle many things. He ___2___ at a recycling centre. He likes his job very much. Last week, I ___3___ to the park with my friends. We saw an old man. ___4___ actions were very kind. He was picking up litter. We joined him. We worked for two hours. We felt a little tired, ___5___ we were very happy. Then we went home. My mother gave me ___6___ cloth bag. She made it herself. Now I use the bag when I go shopping. I think plastic bags are bad. We ___7___ use them too much. My ___8___ cloth bags are very beautiful. She makes them very ___9___. She puts the bags ___10___ a shelf. I think our neighbourhood is a great place to live. 1. A. can B. may C. should D. must 2. A. work B. works C. working D. worked 3. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 4. A. He B. His C. Him D. Himself 5. A. and B. but C. so D. because 6. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. A. can't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 8. A. mother B. mothers C. mother's D. mothers' 9. A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully 10. A. in B. on C. at D. into 【答案与解析】 1. 答案：A 知识点：can 表示能力 【解析】can表示能够做某事，此处指我们能够回收许多东西。 2. 答案：B 知识点：一般现在时第三人称单数 【解析】主语He是第三人称单数，一般现在时动词需加-s，故选works。 3. 答案：C 知识点：一般过去时 【解析】Last week表明过去时间，动词用过去式，go的过去式为went。 4. 答案：B 知识点：形容词性物主代词 【解析】空格后是名词actions，需要形容词性物主代词修饰，指代老人的行为，用His。 5. 答案：B 知识点：并列连词but表示转折 【解析】前后分句表示转折关系，感到累但很开心，用but。 6. 答案：A 知识点：不定冠词a 【解析】cloth以辅音音素开头，且首次提到一个布袋，用a。 7. 答案：C 知识点：should 表示建议 【解析】shouldn't表示不应该，建议不要过多使用塑料袋。 8. 答案：C 知识点：名词所有格 【解析】表示妈妈的布袋，单数名词加's所有格。 9. 答案：B 知识点：形容词与副词转换 【解析】修饰动词makes需要用副词carefully，表示仔细地制作。 10. 答案：B 知识点：介词on表示在…上面 【解析】bags放于shelf表面，用介词on。 拓展训练（一） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Last Friday, our school had a Green Neighbourhood Day. Our teacher told us that everyone ___1___ help to make our neighbourhood greener. We were all excited. First, we planned to collect old bottles and cans. We also ___2___ to make cloth bags and repair some old items. Miss Li said, "Small actions ___3___ bring big changes." Early that morning, we met at the community centre. Many students ___4___ their old books and toys. They put them on the tables for exchange. I helped my friend Lily sort the rubbish. She showed me ___5___ good way to recycle paper. We also learned how to repair a broken chair. It was a lot of ___6___. In the afternoon, we went to the park. We saw many bottles on the ground. We picked ___7___ up and threw them into the bin. A woman said, "You did a good job!" We were very happy. We stayed there ___8___ two hours. After that, we went home. We all agreed that we should keep our neighbourhood clean. It is not difficult, ___9___ we need to do it every day. I think we should all work ___10___ to protect the environment. 1. A. can B. may C. should D. must 2. A. plan B. planned C. will plan D. are planning 3. A. can B. may C. must D. should 4. A. bring B. brought C. brings D. will bring 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. A. fun B. funs C. a fun D. the fun 7. A. they B. their C. theirs D. them 8. A. in B. for C. since D. during 9. A. and B. but C. so D. because 10. A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest 【答案与解析】 1. 答案：C 知识点：should表示建议 【解析】老师告诉大家每个人都“应该”帮忙让社区更绿色，should 表建议。 2. 答案：B 知识点：一般过去时 【解析】叙述过去的活动计划，用一般过去时，plan 的过去式是 planned。 3. 答案：A 知识点：can表示能力或可能性 【解析】小行动“能够”带来大变化，can 表示可能性。 4. 答案：B 知识点：一般过去时 【解析】上文时态为过去，学生“带了”旧书和玩具，用 bring 的过去式 brought。 5. 答案：A 知识点：不定冠词a用于辅音音素前 【解析】good 以辅音音素开头，表示“一种好方法”用不定冠词 a。 6. 答案：A 知识点：不可数名词fun无复数形式 【解析】a lot of 后接不可数名词 fun，fun 没有复数形式，不加 s。 7. 答案：D 知识点：人称代词宾格them作宾语 【解析】pick up 的宾语需用宾格，指代 bottles，用 them。 8. 答案：B 知识点：介词for表示持续一段时间 【解析】表示持续两小时，介词 for 后接时间段。 9. 答案：B 知识点：连词but表示转折 【解析】不难“但”需要每天做，前后转折用 but。 10. 答案：A 知识点：副词hard修饰动词work 【解析】work hard 意为“努力工作”，hard 作副词表示“努力地”。 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $