Unit 7 Grammar 语法专项讲解和练习 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

该初中英语讲义围绕Unit 7 Charities语法专项，通过知识框架系统构建一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的学习体系。从被动语态概念、基本结构到主动变被动四步法，再到两种时态被动语态的句型分类及易错点提示，层层递进呈现知识脉络，清晰标注重难点如及物动词使用、感官动词被动加to等内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与精准方法指导，基础巩固含单选、句型转换等基础题型，如“English ______ widely all over the world”考查一般现在时被动结构，能力提升融入中考真题及词汇运用，培养语言能力与思维品质。易错点提示如主动表被动用法，帮助学生规避误区，支持不同层次学生自主复习，为教师实施精准教学提供有效资源。

译林版英语 Unit 7 Charities 课时2 Grammar 语法专项讲解和练习 知识精讲 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 （1） 被动语态的概念 (1) 英语有两种语态：主动语态 和 被动语态。 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者（谁做某事）。例：He cleans the room. 他打扫房间。（他做动作） 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者（某人 / 某物被怎么样）。例：The room is cleaned by him. 房间被他打扫。（房间承受动作） (2) 基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词形式（done） 注意： ① 只有及物动词才有被动语态； ② 不及物动词（happen, take place, arrive 等）没有被动语态； ③ be 动词随时态、人称、单复数变化，后面永远跟过去分词。 (3) 主动变被动四步法 1. 原句宾语 → 变被动句主语； 2. 原句谓语动词 → 变为 be + 过去分词； 3. 原句主语 → 放在句末，加 by + 宾语（人称变宾格）； 4. 时态、时间状语保持不变。 主语 谓语 宾语 时间状语 He watered the flowers yesterday afternoon.昨天下午他浇了花。（主动语态） The flowers were watered by him yesterday afternoon.(被动语态) 主语 谓语 by+宾语 （2） 一般现在时的被动语态 结构：am /is/are + 动词过去分词 用法： 1. 表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作 2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理 3. 表示现阶段正在发生的被动动作。 时间状语：every day/every week/usually/often/sometimes/always 等一般现在时标志词。 四种句型： 1.肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 (+ by…) English is spoken widely. 英语被广泛使用。 Trees are planted every year. 每年都种树。 I am often told to be careful. 我经常被叮嘱要小心。 2. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词 They are not allowed to play phone. 他们不被允许玩手机。 3. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 …? Is water needed here? 这里需要水吗？ Are flowers watered every day? 花每天都被浇水吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 …? Where are these things made? 这些东西是哪里制造的？ （3） 一般过去时的被动语态 结构：was /were + 动词过去分词 用法： 1.表示过去某个具体时间发生的被动动作 2.表示过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作 时间状语：yesterday/last year/just now/in 2020/then 等一般过去时标志词。 句型结构： 1. 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 过去分词 (+ by…) The bridge was built in 1990. 这座桥建于 1990 年。 Many houses were damaged last night. 昨晚许多房子被损毁。 2. 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词 The meeting was not held yesterday. 昨天没有开会。 They were not invited to the party. 他们没被邀请参加派对。 3. 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词 …? Was the work finished just now? 工作刚才完成了吗？ Were you told about it? 你被告知这件事了吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词 …? When was this car bought? 这辆车什么时候买的？ Why were they punished? 他们为什么被惩罚？ ▲易错点提示： ★1.不及物动词没有被动语态，常见的不及物动词有： happen（发生）, take place（发生）, break out（爆发）, last（持续）, belong to（属于） ★2.感官动词、使役动词主动不带 to，被动必须加 to (▲高频易错点) 主动形式省略to的常见动词：感官动词（sound,smell,feel,taste,look）,使役动词（let/make/have） 变为被动形式要加to 主动：make sb do sth 被动：sb be made to do sth ★3.主动形式表示被动含义： 1　 表示 “售卖、畅销、书写、穿戴” 类动词sell, wash, write, wear, lock, read特点：主语是物，加 well/easily 等副词，主动表被动。 例句： This book sells well. 这本书很畅销。（被卖得好） The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写起来很顺滑。（被写） This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布很好洗。（被洗） 2　 need / want / require + doing need doing = need to be done主动 doing 表被动含义 The room needs cleaning.= The room needs to be cleaned.房间需要被打扫。 My hair needs cutting. 我的头发需要被剪。 3　 be worth doing 值得被…… 结构：be worth + doing主动表被动，不能用 being done 例句： The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。（值得被读） 4　 不定式主动表被动 sth + be + adj. + to do 形容词：easy, hard, difficult, heavy, interesting 例句： The question is easy to answer. 这个问题很容易回答。（容易被回答） The box is heavy to carry. 这个箱子很重，不好搬。（被搬） 基础巩固 一、单项选择（15 道） 1. English ______ widely all over the world. A. speaks B. is spoken C. spoke D. was spoken 2. These trees ______ every spring. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted 3. A new school ______ last year. A. builds B. is built C. was built D. built 4. —When ______ the bridge ______? —In 1998. A. is; built B. was; built C. does; build D. did; build 5. I ______ to get up early every morning. A. ask B. am asked C. was asked D. asked 6. The windows ______ by the cleaner just now. A. cleaned B. are cleaned C. were cleaned D. clean 7. Rice ______ in the south of China. A. grows B. grew C. was grown D. is grown 8. Many books ______ for the children last month. A. send B. are sent C. were sent D. sent 9. ______ the homework ______ every day? A. Is; finished B. Was; finished C. Does; finish D. Did; finish 10. The little boy ______ to go home by the teacher yesterday. A. saw B. was seen C. is seen D. see 11. This kind of bike ______ in Suzhou. A. makes B. made C. was made D. is made 12. They ______ to the party last night. A. don’t invite B. aren’t invited C. weren’t invited D. didn’t invite 13. Sports meetings ______ every year in our school. A. hold B. are held C. were held D. held 14. The old house ______ in 1950. A. builds B. is built C. was built D. built 15. —Who ______ clean the room every day? —My father. A. makes B. is made to C. was made to D. is made 二、句型转换 1. People grow wheat in North China.（一般现在时被动） Wheat ______ ______ in North China. 2. We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom ______ ______ every day. 3. They built the library in 2010. The library ______ ______ in 2010. 4. He washes his clothes every weekend. His clothes ______ ______ every weekend. 5. Someone locked the door yesterday. The door ______ ______ yesterday. 6. Do they use this room for meetings? ______ this room ______ for meetings? 7. People don’t speak French here. French ______ ______ here. 8. They didn’t finish the work yesterday. The work ______ ______ yesterday. 9. We often hear her sing songs. She ______ often ______ ______ sing songs. 10. The teacher makes him read English every morning. He ______ ______ ______ read English every morning. 三、用所给动词适当形式填空 1. Many flowers _________ (water) every day. 2. This book _________ (write) by Lu Xun. 3. The sports meeting _________ (hold) last week. 4. I _________ (tell) to wait here just now. 5. Computers _________ (use) widely now. 6. The bridge _________ (not build) in 2000. 7. _________ your homework _________ (do) every evening? 8. Trees _________ (plant) on both sides of the road every year. 9. The lost key _________ (find) yesterday. 10. Kids _________ (not allow) to play computer games too much. 11.There is something wrong with the washing machine.It needs (repair). 12.My mother bought a new pen for me yesterday.The new pen (write) well. 13.The novel written by Guo Jingming (sell) well. 能力提升 一、单项选择 1.（2024・北京・中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days. A. speaks B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken 2.（2024・天津・中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he ________ “the People’s Artist”. A. names B. named C. was named D. has named 3.（2024・江苏南京・中考真题）This stone bridge ________ over 800 years ago. A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built 4.（2024・福建・中考真题）The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ________. A. will be taken B. are taking C. were taken D. take 5.（2023・四川乐山・中考真题）—Who’s the little girl in the photo?—It’s me. The photo ________ when I was 5. A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took 6.（2023・湖南株洲・中考真题）Panda Ya Ya ________ back to Beijing about three weeks ago. A. was sent B. sent C. is sent D. sends 7.（2023・黑龙江绥化・中考真题）The students ________ how to do eye exercises just now. A. was taught B. were taught C. taught D. teach 8.（2023・四川泸州・中考真题）The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo ________ in Luzhou from April 13 to 16, 2023. A. is held B. was held C. will be held D. has been held 9.（2023・辽宁阜新・中考真题）—Wow, 2023 Friendship Forest Tree Planting Activity was a great success! —Yes. I knew many trees ________ for a better environment. A. plant B. were planted C. planted D. are planted 10.（2025・江西・中考真题）—I hear that Jingdezhen porcelain（瓷器）________ to many countries every year. —That’s true. It’s famous worldwide. A. sends B. is sent C. sent D. was sent 11.（2025・江苏连云港・中考真题）The mini-programme “Clear Plate” is popular among young people. It ________ to help deal with food waste. A. will design B. will be designed C. designs D. is designed 12.（2025・福建・中考真题）China’s Beijing Library ________ Public Library of the Year in 2024. A. named B. was named C. will be named D. is named 13.This new type of coat ______ easily and it’s popular with students. A. washes B. is washed C. washed D. was washed 14.This kind of bike ______ well when it first appeared on the market. A. sells B. sold C. was sold D. is selling 二、词汇运用 1.（2025・甘肃白银・中考真题）Do you know when the car ____________ (invent)? 2.（2024・江苏南京・中考真题）Fan Jinshi ____________ (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”. 3.（2024・西藏・中考真题）Usually, paper cuttings ____________ (put) on walls, windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals. 4.（2024・内蒙古包头・中考真题）Success ____________ (achieve) by hard work, not by luck. 5.（2023・四川达州・中考真题）Many new houses ____________ (build) in my hometown every year. 6.（2023・四川凉山・中考真题）Chinese ____________ (learn) by more and more foreigners now. 7.（2025・成都・中考真题）Some planarians(平面体) ___________ (send) into space in April, 2025. 8.（2025.长兴改编）Mid-Autumn Festival （celebrate）on the fifteenth of August on the Chinese lunar calendar. 三、选词填空 （A） use, produce, invent, know, love Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It 1. ______ by people all over the world. It 2. ______ in China more than 4,000 years ago. Now tea leaves 3. ______ in many places in China. They 4. ______ to make different kinds of tea. Tea 5. ______ widely as a healthy drink. （B） see, imagine, form, protect, guide Dancing with the LightA few years ago, I visited the Classical Gardens of Suzhou. During the visit, my attention was drawn away from the plants, bridges and stones, towards the walls of the gardens. Mostly white, some parts of the walls are losing small pieces of their covering. This creates space in which light and plants can be 1. ______. The walls are not only the boundaries(边界) of the gardens, but they also 2. ______ protected paths that 3. ______ you on a trip. The memory of the white walls stayed with me. I kept 4. ______ how many shadows (影) could be collected by them to dance with the light. This fantastic moment was so lively that I came back to explore it with my camera. Working freely with these walls and their marks, I began to feel like collecting all the stories that 5. ______ there. Weather and time have left their marks on the walls, making them more beautiful. make； include； come from ；difference ；recently A special exhibition called"Beautiful Crafts Workshop Blooming in Paris" opened 1. _________ at the China Cultural Center in Paris. The exhibition showed nearly 300 crafts（工艺品）that 2. __________ by disabled women from China. These crafts 3. _______ silk dolls,cloth tigers, fish-skin paintings and more. They 4. ________ over 30 different workshops in Guangdong, Shandong, and other provinces. Chinese Ambassador（大使）to France, Lu Shaye, talked about China' s efforts to make a 5. ___________ to the disabled people. This program planned to create more jobs for disabled women in China, helping them develop their skills and fit in better with society. 四、首字母填空 （A） Paper is one of the greatest inventions. It w______ 1. ______ invented by Cai Lun hundreds of years ago. At first, paper w______ 2. ______ made of bamboo. Later, it was made of other materials. Now paper i______ 3. ______ widely u______ 4. ______ in our daily life. Books, newspapers and notebooks are all m______ 5. ______ of paper. More recycled paper should be used so that fewer trees will b______ 6. ______ cut down. （B）(语法填空) The earliest kites ______1______(use) for military use in old times. Messages ______2______(send) by kites in wars. After that, kites ______3______(turn) into a kind of entertainment. Today, kites _____4______ (regard) as traditional Chinese culture. Different kinds of kites ______5______ (make)by skilled artists every year. They _____6_____(sell) to foreign countries. （C） In recent years, playing kite-board seems to bee more and more popular in Alaska in America. It is a new and old game. The game has w 1_____________ the interest of many young people. The game is interesting but a little d 2________. One needs to play it very c 3_________. A kite-board is in fact a skateboard（滑雪板）drawn（拉）by a few big flying kites. The old game was p 4_________ by some young people in Holland and Spain as e 5_________ as the last century. Since the board was hard to control, f 6_________ people dared（敢）to play it. With the development of the design of kite and skateboard, many people can l 7_________ how to play it. A kite board may go as f 8_________ as about 50 kilometers an hour. If you haven’t had any practice, you’d better not play it. It is not s 9_________. It is said that the game can exercise not only your b 10_________ but also the sensitivity of your brain（大脑的敏捷）. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版英语 Unit 7 Charities 课时2 Grammar 语法专项讲解和练习 知识精讲 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 （1） 被动语态的概念 (1) 英语有两种语态：主动语态 和 被动语态。 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者（谁做某事）。例：He cleans the room. 他打扫房间。（他做动作） 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者（某人 / 某物被怎么样）。例：The room is cleaned by him. 房间被他打扫。（房间承受动作） (2) 基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词形式（done） 注意： ① 只有及物动词才有被动语态； ② 不及物动词（happen, take place, arrive 等）没有被动语态； ③ be 动词随时态、人称、单复数变化，后面永远跟过去分词。 (3) 主动变被动四步法 1. 原句宾语 → 变被动句主语； 2. 原句谓语动词 → 变为 be + 过去分词； 3. 原句主语 → 放在句末，加 by + 宾语（人称变宾格）； 4. 时态、时间状语保持不变。 主语 谓语 宾语 时间状语 He watered the flowers yesterday afternoon.昨天下午他浇了花。（主动语态） The flowers were watered by him yesterday afternoon.(被动语态) 主语 谓语 by+宾语 （2） 一般现在时的被动语态 结构：am /is/are + 动词过去分词 用法： 1. 表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作 2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理 3. 表示现阶段正在发生的被动动作。 时间状语：every day/every week/usually/often/sometimes/always 等一般现在时标志词。 四种句型： 1.肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 (+ by…) English is spoken widely. 英语被广泛使用。 Trees are planted every year. 每年都种树。 I am often told to be careful. 我经常被叮嘱要小心。 2. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 过去分词 They are not allowed to play phone. 他们不被允许玩手机。 3. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 …? Is water needed here? 这里需要水吗？ Are flowers watered every day? 花每天都被浇水吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 …? Where are these things made? 这些东西是哪里制造的？ （3） 一般过去时的被动语态 结构：was /were + 动词过去分词 用法： 1.表示过去某个具体时间发生的被动动作 2.表示过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作 时间状语：yesterday/last year/just now/in 2020/then 等一般过去时标志词。 句型结构： 1. 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 过去分词 (+ by…) The bridge was built in 1990. 这座桥建于 1990 年。 Many houses were damaged last night. 昨晚许多房子被损毁。 2. 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词 The meeting was not held yesterday. 昨天没有开会。 They were not invited to the party. 他们没被邀请参加派对。 3. 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词 …? Was the work finished just now? 工作刚才完成了吗？ Were you told about it? 你被告知这件事了吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词 …? When was this car bought? 这辆车什么时候买的？ Why were they punished? 他们为什么被惩罚？ ▲易错点提示： ★1.不及物动词没有被动语态，常见的不及物动词有： happen（发生）, take place（发生）, break out（爆发）, last（持续）, belong to（属于） ★2.感官动词、使役动词主动不带 to，被动必须加 to (▲高频易错点) 主动形式省略to的常见动词：感官动词（sound,smell,feel,taste,look）,使役动词（let/make/have） 变为被动形式要加to 主动：make sb do sth 被动：sb be made to do sth ★3.主动形式表示被动含义： 1　 表示 “售卖、畅销、书写、穿戴” 类动词sell, wash, write, wear, lock, read特点：主语是物，加 well/easily 等副词，主动表被动。 例句： This book sells well. 这本书很畅销。（被卖得好） The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写起来很顺滑。（被写） This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布很好洗。（被洗） 2　 need / want / require + doing need doing = need to be done主动 doing 表被动含义 The room needs cleaning.= The room needs to be cleaned.房间需要被打扫。 My hair needs cutting. 我的头发需要被剪。 3　 be worth doing 值得被…… 结构：be worth + doing主动表被动，不能用 being done 例句： The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。（值得被读） 4　 不定式主动表被动 sth + be + adj. + to do 形容词：easy, hard, difficult, heavy, interesting 例句： The question is easy to answer. 这个问题很容易回答。（容易被回答） The box is heavy to carry. 这个箱子很重，不好搬。（被搬） 基础巩固 一、单项选择（15 道） 1. English ___B___ widely all over the world. A. speaks B. is spoken C. spoke D. was spoken 2. These trees __B____ every spring. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted 3. A new school __C___ last year. A. builds B. is built C. was built D. built 4. —When __B____ the bridge ______? —In 1998. A. is; built B. was; built C. does; build D. did; build 5. I ___B___ to get up early every morning. A. ask B. am asked C. was asked D. asked 6. The windows ___C___ by the cleaner just now. A. cleaned B. are cleaned C. were cleaned D. clean 7. Rice ___D___ in the south of China. A. grows B. grew C. was grown D. is grown 8. Many books __C____ for the children last month. A. send B. are sent C. were sent D. sent 9. ___A___ the homework ______ every day? A. Is; finished B. Was; finished C. Does; finish D. Did; finish 10. The little boy __B____ to go home by the teacher yesterday. A. saw B. was seen C. is seen D. see 11. This kind of bike ____D__ in Suzhou. A. makes B. made C. was made D. is made 12. They ___C___ to the party last night. A. don’t invite B. aren’t invited C. weren’t invited D. didn’t invite 13. Sports meetings ___B___ every year in our school. A. hold B. are held C. were held D. held 14. The old house ___C___ in 1950. A. builds B. is built C. was built D. built 15. —Who __B____ clean the room every day? —My father. A. makes B. is made to C. was made to D. is made 二、句型转换 1. People grow wheat in North China.（一般现在时被动） Wheat _is__ __grown__ in North China. 2. We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom _is__ ___cleaned___ every day. 3. They built the library in 2010. The library __was_ __built__ in 2010. 4. He washes his clothes every weekend. His clothes _are__ __washed_ every weekend. 5. Someone locked the door yesterday. The door _was_ __locked_ yesterday. 6. Do they use this room for meetings? _Is_ this room _used__ for meetings? 7. People don’t speak French here. French _isn’t__ _spoken_ here. 8. They didn’t finish the work yesterday. The work __wasn’t____ _finished__ yesterday. 9. We often hear her sing songs. She _was_ often __heard____ ___to___ sing songs. 10. The teacher makes him read English every morning. He __is__ __made_ __to__ read English every morning. 三、用所给动词适当形式填空 1. Many flowers _war watered__ (water) every day. 2. This book _is written__ (write) by Lu Xun. 3. The sports meeting _was held__ (hold) last week. 4. I _was told_ (tell) to wait here just now. 5. Computers _are used_ (use) widely now. 6. The bridge _wasn’t built___ (not build) in 2000. 7. _Is__ your homework __done__ (do) every evening? 8. Trees _are planted_ (plant) on both sides of the road every year. 9. The lost key __was found__ (find) yesterday. 10. Kids _aren’t allowed__ (not allow) to play computer games too much. 11.There is something wrong with the washing machine.It needs repairing (repair). 12.My mother bought a new pen for me yesterday.The new pen writes (write) well. 13.The novel written by Guo Jingming sells (sell) well. 能力提升 一、单项选择 1.（2024・北京・中考真题）Chinese ___C___ by more and more people around the world these days. A. speaks B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken 2.（2024・天津・中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he ____C____ “the People’s Artist”. A. names B. named C. was named D. has named 3.（2024・江苏南京・中考真题）This stone bridge _C____ over 800 years ago. A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built 4.（2024・福建・中考真题）The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ___C_____. A. will be taken B. are taking C. were taken D. take 5.（2023・四川乐山・中考真题）—Who’s the little girl in the photo?—It’s me. The photo ____B____ when I was 5. A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took 6.（2023・湖南株洲・中考真题）Panda Ya Ya ____A____ back to Beijing about three weeks ago. A. was sent B. sent C. is sent D. sends 7.（2023・黑龙江绥化・中考真题）The students ___B_____ how to do eye exercises just now. A. was taught B. were taught C. taught D. teach 8.（2023・四川泸州・中考真题）The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo ___B_____ in Luzhou from April 13 to 16, 2023. A. is held B. was held C. will be held D. has been held 9.（2023・辽宁阜新・中考真题）—Wow, 2023 Friendship Forest Tree Planting Activity was a great success! —Yes. I knew many trees ____B____ for a better environment. A. plant B. were planted C. planted D. are planted 10.（2025・江西・中考真题）—I hear that Jingdezhen porcelain（瓷器）___B_____ to many countries every year. —That’s true. It’s famous worldwide. A. sends B. is sent C. sent D. was sent 11.（2025・江苏连云港・中考真题）The mini-programme “Clear Plate” is popular among young people. It ____D____ to help deal with food waste. A. will design B. will be designed C. designs D. is designed 12.（2025・福建・中考真题）China’s Beijing Library ____B____ Public Library of the Year in 2024. A. named B. was named C. will be named D. is named 13.This new type of coat ___A___ easily and it’s popular with students. A. washes B. is washed C. washed D. was washed 14.This kind of bike ___C___ well when it first appeared on the market. A. sells B. sold C. was sold D. is selling 二、词汇运用 1.（2025・甘肃白银・中考真题）Do you know when the car __was invented____ (invent)? 2.（2024・江苏南京・中考真题）Fan Jinshi __is known__ (know) to many as “the Daughter of Dunhuang”. 3.（2024・西藏・中考真题）Usually, paper cuttings __are put___ (put) on walls, windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals. 4.（2024・内蒙古包头・中考真题）Success __is achieved___ (achieve) by hard work, not by luck. 5.（2023・四川达州・中考真题）Many new houses __are built__ (build) in my hometown every year. 6.（2023・四川凉山・中考真题）Chinese _is learned___ (learn) by more and more foreigners now. 7.（2025・成都・中考真题）Some planarians(平面体) __were sent__ (send) into space in April, 2025. 8.（2025.长兴改编）Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated （celebrate）on the fifteenth of August on the Chinese lunar calendar. 三、选词填空 （A） use, produce, invent, know, love Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It 1. ______ by people all over the world. It 2. ______ in China more than 4,000 years ago. Now tea leaves 3. ______ in many places in China. They 4. ______ to make different kinds of tea. Tea 5. ______ widely as a healthy drink. (is loved 2. was invented 3. are produced 4. are used 5. is known) （B） see, imagine, form, protect, guide Dancing with the LightA few years ago, I visited the Classical Gardens of Suzhou. During the visit, my attention was drawn away from the plants, bridges and stones, towards the walls of the gardens. Mostly white, some parts of the walls are losing small pieces of their covering. This creates space in which light and plants can be 1. ______. The walls are not only the boundaries(边界) of the gardens, but they also 2. ______ protected paths that 3. ______ you on a trip. The memory of the white walls stayed with me. I kept 4. ______ how many shadows (影) could be collected by them to dance with the light. This fantastic moment was so lively that I came back to explore it with my camera. Working freely with these walls and their marks, I began to feel like collecting all the stories that 5. ______ there. Weather and time have left their marks on the walls, making them more beautiful. (1.seen 2.form 3.guide 4.imagining 5.are painted) make； include； come from ；difference ；recently A special exhibition called"Beautiful Crafts Workshop Blooming in Paris" opened 1. _________ at the China Cultural Center in Paris. The exhibition showed nearly 300 crafts（工艺品）that 2. __________ by disabled women from China. These crafts 3. _______ silk dolls,cloth tigers, fish-skin paintings and more. They 4. ________ over 30 different workshops in Guangdong, Shandong, and other provinces. Chinese Ambassador（大使）to France, Lu Shaye, talked about China' s efforts to make a 5. ___________ to the disabled people. This program planned to create more jobs for disabled women in China, helping them develop their skills and fit in better with society. （1.recently 2.were made 3.included 4.came from 5.difference） 四、首字母填空 （A） Paper is one of the greatest inventions. It w______ 1. ______ invented by Cai Lun hundreds of years ago. At first, paper w______ 2. ______ made of bamboo. Later, it was made of other materials. Now paper i______ 3. ______ widely u______ 4. ______ in our daily life. Books, newspapers and notebooks are all m______ 5. ______ of paper. More recycled paper should be used so that fewer trees will b______ 6. ______ cut down. (1.was 2.was 3.is 4.used 5.made 6.be) （B）(语法填空) The earliest kites ______1______(use) for military use in old times. Messages ______2______(send) by kites in wars. After that, kites ______3______(turn) into a kind of entertainment. Today, kites _____4______ (regard) as traditional Chinese culture. Different kinds of kites ______5______ (make)by skilled artists every year. They _____6_____(sell) to foreign countries. (1.were used 2.were sent 3.were turned 4.is regarded 5.are made 6.are sold) （C） In recent years, playing kite-board seems to bee more and more popular in Alaska in America. It is a new and old game. The game has w 1_____________ the interest of many young people. The game is interesting but a little d 2________. One needs to play it very c 3_________. A kite-board is in fact a skateboard（滑雪板）drawn（拉）by a few big flying kites. The old game was p 4_________ by some young people in Holland and Spain as e 5_________ as the last century. Since the board was hard to control, f 6_________ people dared（敢）to play it. With the development of the design of kite and skateboard, many people can l 7_________ how to play it. A kite board may go as f 8_________ as about 50 kilometers an hour. If you haven’t had any practice, you’d better not play it. It is not s 9_________. It is said that the game can exercise not only your b 10_________ but also the sensitivity of your brain（大脑的敏捷）. (1.won 2. difficult/dangerous 3. carefully 4. played 5. early 6. few 7. learn 8. fast 9. safe 10. body) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $