2026年北京市第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷01

**基本信息** 2026年北京学考英语仿真卷，通过真实情境（如澳大利亚天气报告、消防演练）与多元文化素材（全球丰收庆典、风筝起源），考查语言理解与表达能力，融合思维品质与文化意识培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力理解|25题/25分|日常交际、信息抓取|对话涉及时间安排、职业关系，第二节天气报告填空，考查细节获取与语言能力| |完形填空|15题/15分|词汇语境运用|师生森林体验故事，通过"活在当下"哲理思考，提升思维品质与文本理解能力| |阅读理解|20题/40分|文化多样性、科技前沿、个人成长|A篇全球丰收庆典（阿根廷、泰国等）渗透文化意识，D篇AI安全话题体现时代性，第二节风筝起源考查信息提炼| |书面表达|1题/20分|应用文写作|消防演练稿件，结合校园生活，强化语言表达与安全意识，落实学习能力培养|

2026年北京市第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试 英语仿真模拟试卷01 考生须知 1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。 2.本试卷共四道大题(共100分)。 3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答;非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。 4.考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。 一、听力理解(共25小题;每小题1分，共25分) 第一节(共20小题;每小题1分，共20分) 听下面十段对话或独白，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第1段材料，回答第1题。 1．When will the woman meet the man? A．At 10:00. B．At 10:20. C．At 10:40. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Can I come to see you at ten o’clock? M: I’m sorry, Lisa. But I’m meeting my friends then. Why not come twenty minutes later? M: OK. See you then. 听第2段材料，回答第2题。 2．What does the man come for? A．A lecture. B．A party. C．A meeting. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Hi, Tom. We have to start the meeting without you. M: I know. My flight was delayed because of the heavy rain. W: But you are just in time for the discussion. 听第3 段材料，回答第3题。 3．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Doctor and patient. C．Boss and employee. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Good morning, Mrs. Green. Come in. What can I do for you? W: Well, I’m having difficulty in sleeping. I often wake up at three in the morning and I just can’t go back to sleep. 听第4段材料，回答第4题。 4．Which is Kate’s favorite subject? A．English. B．Chinese. C．Science. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Kate, which subject do you like best, English, Chinese or science? W: I like science best of all. 听第5段材料，回答第5题至第6题。 5．What did the woman buy yesterday? A．A blue skirt. B．A green shirt. C．A red bag. 6．What did the woman think of the yellow skirt? A．The price was high. B．The size wasn’t right. C．The color was too bright. 【答案】5．C 6．B 【原文】M: Did you buy anything in town yesterday? W: Yes, I bought this amazing red bag and a fantastic new skirt. M: Oh, is that it? It’s a lovely blue color. W: Not this one. I’ve had this skirt for months. I actually saw two that I loved. I tried on a beautiful green silk skirt and a bright yellow one as bright as your shirt. They were both great and weren’t very expensive but the yellow one was too small, so I got the other one. 听第6段材料，回答第7题至第8题。 7．Who is the man probably? A．A farmer. B．A host. C．A guide. 8．What will the weather be like this afternoon? A．Sunny. B．Rainy. C．Windy. 【答案】7．A 8．A 【原文】M: … and that’s how the sheep got into the house. Next up, it’s Allie with the weather. W: Hello there .M: Is it raining at the moment? W: No, it’s stopped raining. This morning, there were light winds and a few showers and there’s still a lot of rain on the ground here. In fact, this afternoon, the showers should be replaced by sunshine. We’re expecting temperatures of about 20 or 21 degrees, so it will be quite warm for this time of year! And it means that there’ll be great weather for anyone planning a picnic this afternoon. M: Thank you Allie, that’s great to hear! 听第7段材料，回答第9题至第10题。 9．When will the movie Cars start showing? A．Tonight. B．Tomorrow. C．This weekend. 10．Where will the speakers go tonight? A．To a gym. B．To a rock concert. C．To a movie theater. 【答案】9．B 10．B 【原文】W: What are you doing tonight? M: I don’t have any plans. Do you want to do something later? W: Sure. What do you think about going to a movie? M: Do you know which movies are playing? W: There’s a cartoon by Pixar called Cars. M: OK. Let me just find out when it’s playing tonight... Oh, bad news. Cars doesn’t start until tomorrow night. W: No worries. We can go to that tomorrow night. Do you like bowling? M: It’s OK. But I think it’s better to do that this weekend. What else could we do? W: I know! There’s a rock concert at Dos Kolegas! M: Cool. Let’s do that then. 听第8段材料，回答第11题至第13题。 11．What is Stan doing at first? A．Making his bed. B．Playing video games. C．Doing his schoolwork. 12．Which bedtime task did Stan forget to do? A．Change his clothes. B．Brush his teeth. C．Take a bath. 13．What time is Stan supposed to go to bed? A．At 10:10 p.m. B．At 10:00 p.m. C．Around 9:00 p.m. 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C 【原文】W: Why are you still playing video games, Stan? You have school tomorrow. Time to get ready for bed. M: Mom, I am ready for bed. W: Oh, really? So, you’ve brushed your teeth? M: Yep. W: And you’ve had a bath and washed behind your ears? M: Yes, Mom. W: So, you really are ready for bed, then? Are you going to sleep in jeans and a T-shirt? M: No, Mom. I was just going to play one more game. Sorry. I’ll put on my nightclothes in a minute. W: In a minute? It’s ten minutes past ten. You should have been in bed over an hour ago! 听第9段材料，回答第14题至第16题。 14．Where was the woman last week? A．In Rome. B．In Venice. C．In Ferrara. 15．What did the woman probably visit first? A．The castle. B．The cathedral. C．The Renaissance buildings. 16．How many times has the woman traveled abroad this year? A．Twice. B．Three times. C．Four times. 【答案】14．C 15．A 16．B 【原文】M: I called you last week but your mother said you were sightseeing in Italy. Did you go to Rome? W: No. I went to Rome last year and Venice the year before last, so this year I went to Ferrara. You may not have heard about it, as it isn’t one of the most famous Italian cities. M: Oh, I’ve heard about it before. It’s known as the City of the Renaissance, right? I’ve never visited it before, though. How was your time there? W: It was great. I visited the city centre. The cathedral and the castle are both there in the heart of the city, and both are amazing. I didn’t go to the cathedral, because it was very crowded. M: What else did you visit there? W: After I left the castle, I went to visit the historic part of the city, which has a lot of buildings from the Renaissance. Then I visited several palaces and churches. M: You seem to really like traveling. W: Yes, I love it. I usually travel abroad twice a year, and this year I’ve taken one more trip than usual. 听第10段材料，回答第17题至第20题。 17．When did Webster graduate from Yale University? A．In 1758. B．In 1778. C．In 1783. 18．What made Webster mainly known to people today? A．His dictionary. B．His spelling book. C．His fight in American Revolution. 19．In what way did Webster make the most changes to American English? A．Pronunciation. B．Grammar. C．Spelling. 20．What did Franklin want Webster to do with English? A．Add some new words. B．Remove all silent letters from words. C．Create new ways of pronouncing words. 【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 【原文】M: Today I'm going to talk a little about Noah Webster and the influence he had on American English. Webster was born in Connecticut in 1758 and graduated from Yale university in 1778. During the time of the American Revolution, Webster joined George Washington's army to fight against the British. The end of the war brought independence, but political independence didn't satisfy Webster. He wanted independence in language from British as well. In 1783, Webster published a spelling book. It later became known to generations of school-children as the “blue-backed book” because of its blue cover. A couple of years later, he published his dictionary. It is for his dictionary that Webster is chiefly remembered today. In his dictionary Webster made many changes in the way English was used in the United States. Most of the changes, though, related to spelling. Today, most people in the United States spell words differently from people in British because of Webster's dictionary. However, in making changes to spelling, Webster didn't go as far as his friend Benjamin Franklin wanted him to. Franklin wanted to drop all silent letters from words. The word Wrong would have been spelled r-o-n-g, and the word love would have been spelled l-o-v. 第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分) 听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下第21题至第25题的关键信息。此段对话你将听两遍。 A Weather Report in Australia New South Wales There is a warning in place as 21 spread. Queensland At least   22 inches of rain are expected to fall over the next 24 hours. Northern Territory Residents should only experience light showers, and it will remain   23 until Friday evening. Perth There will be   24 that may become stronger towards the end of the week. Geraldton Rain showers will come in from the   25 but should disappear later. 【答案】21．bush fires 22．2/two 23．dry and cloudy 24．a calm wind 25．ocean 【原文】This week’s weather in Australia is going to be hot. There is already a warning in place for the east coast of New South Wales as bush fires spread. The temperature is expected to reach a great height of 38 degrees, 5 degrees hotter than this time last year. Meanwhile in the rain forest in northern Queensland, at least 2 inches of rain are expected to fall over the next 24 hours. A further 10 inches are predicted over the week ahead. Residents should expect flash floods on roads and only travel if essential to do so. The Northern Territory will see some of this rain as the clouds move in a south-west direction. However, they should only experience light showers, and it will remain dry and cloudy until Friday evening. It should then brighten up over the weekend, with highs of 32 degrees in some parts. With all the wild weather of the east coast, the west coast is looking calm. Those living in Perth will enjoy warm weather with highs of 30 degrees. A calm wind may become stronger towards the end of the week. As we go further up the coast towards Geraldton, we see rain showers coming in from the ocean, but these should disappear by Thursday. 二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One afternoon, as I was diving into life’s deeper questions with my students, a thoughtful boy named Jack raised his hand. “Why do so many people feel lost?” he asked. 26 their curiosity, I decided to show them the ropes through experience rather than simply 27 . “Follow me,” I said, leading them toward the nearby 28 . Whispers filled the air. “Why are we going there?” Emma murmured. “Are there wild animals?” Liam added nervously. “Are we even going to 29 this?” A voice trembled from the back. I stayed 30 , walking calmly ahead. The students trailed behind me, their minds racing with 31 . Some panicked over 32 lions; others pictured snakes. With every step, their anxiety 33 , yet I said nothing. After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge. 34 them, I smiled. “Don’t worry — we won’t be entering. But tell me, what did you notice on our way here?” The students fell silent. “You were so caught up in 35 of the unknown,” I continued, “that you 36 the birds singing, the sunlight filtering through the leaves, and the 37 around you.” Jack’s eyes lit up with realization. “So...we worry so much about the future that we 38 to live now?” “Exactly,” I replied. “Life is a   39 . If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.” The students nodded, their faces brightening. As we walked back, they laughed, finally noticing the world they’d overlooked before. The lesson was simple but profound: The 40 shapes the future. Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts. 26．A．Ignoring B．Sensing C．Criticizing D．Celebrating 27．A．complain B．argue C．explain D．announce 28．A．mountain B．river C．desert D．forest 29．A．survive B．enjoy C．remember D．control 30．A．curious B．silent C．shocked D．amused 31．A．plans B．guesses C．decisions D．jokes 32．A．hungry B．magical C．fierce D．imaginary 33．A．grew B．emerged C．faded D．fell 34．A．Calling on B．Pointing at C．Turning to D．Waiting for 35．A．joy B．fear C．anger D．hope 36．A．heard B．missed C．avoided D．recorded 37．A．beauty B．harmony C．warmth D．mystery 38．A．refuse B．pretend C．forget D．hate 39．A．game B．battle C．gift D．journey 40．A．present B．chance C．effort D．luck 【答案】 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．B 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．A 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了一位老师通过带学生前往森林的体验式教学，解答了“为何很多人会迷茫”的问题，让学生明白不应因恐惧未来而错过当下的美好，活在当下才能塑造未来。 26．考查动词。句意：察觉到他们的好奇心后，我决定通过亲身经历来指导他们，而非简单地进行解释。A. Ignoring忽视，不理睬；B. Sensing察觉到，意识到；C. Criticizing批评，指责；D. Celebrating庆祝，赞美。根据下文“I decided to show them the ropes through experience”可知，老师察觉到学生们的好奇心，决定用体验而非说教的方式解答。 27．考查动词。句意：察觉到他们的好奇心后，我决定通过亲身经历来指导他们，而非简单地进行解释。A. complain抱怨，发牢骚；B. argue争论，辩论；C. explain解释，说明；D. announce宣布，宣告。根据上文“through experience rather than simply”可知，与“亲身实践”相对的是“口头解释”。 28．考查名词。句意：我说着，带着他们走向附近的森林。A. mountain山，山脉；B. river河流；C. desert沙漠；D. forest森林。后文明确提到“we stopped at the forest’s edge”，因此老师带学生去的是附近的森林。 29．考查动词。句意：利亚姆紧张地补充道。“我们真的能在这活下来吗？”A. survive幸存，活下来；B. enjoy享受，喜爱；C. remember记得，记住；D. control控制，掌控。根据上文“Are there wild animals?”学生们担心有野生动物，颤抖着问“我们能活下来吗？”，体现了他们极度的恐惧。 30．考查形容词。句意：我保持沉默，平静地走在前面。A. curious好奇的；B. silent沉默的；C. shocked震惊的；D. amused觉得好笑的。根据后文“yet I said nothing”可知，老师保持沉默，只是平静地往前走。 31．考查名词。句意：学生们跟在我后面，他们的脑海中满是猜测。A. plans计划；B. guesses猜测，猜想；C. decisions决定；D. jokes玩笑。根据下文“Some panicked over ______ lions; others pictured snakes.”可知，学生们不知道目的地和此行目的，脑子里充满了各种不确定的猜想。 32．考查形容词。句意：有些人因想象中的狮子而惊慌失措；另一些人则描绘着蛇的景象。A. hungry饥饿的；B. magical神奇的；C. fierce凶猛的；D. imaginary想象中的，虚构的。根据下文“others pictured snakes”可知，学生们想象着危险。 33．考查动词。句意：每走一步，他们的焦虑就加剧一分，但我什么也没说。A. grew增长，加剧；B. emerged出现，浮现；C. faded消退，减弱；D. fell下降，跌落。根据语境以及上文“With every step”可知，随着一步步靠近森林，学生们对未知的恐惧不断加深，焦虑情绪持续加剧。 34．考查动词短语。句意：我转向他们，微笑着说道：“别担心——我们不会进去的。”A. Calling on号召，呼吁；B. Pointing at指向；C. Turning to转向；D. Waiting for等待。根据语境以及下文“I smiled. “Don’t worry — we won’t be entering.””可知，老师一直走在队伍前面，到达目的地后，需要转过身来面对学生才能开始说话。 35．考查名词。句意：“你们太害怕未知的事物了，”我继续说道，“以至于忽略了鸟儿的歌唱、阳光透过树叶洒下的光影以及你周围的一切美好。”A. joy快乐，喜悦；B. fear恐惧，害怕；C. anger愤怒，生气；D. hope希望。根据后文“let fear take over”可知，此处指的是学生们太害怕未知的事物了。 36．考查动词。句意：“你们太害怕未知的事物了，”我继续说道，“以至于忽略了鸟儿的歌唱、阳光透过树叶洒下的光影以及你周围的一切美好。”A. heard听到；B. missed错过，未注意到；C. avoided避免；D. recorded记录。根据下文“we’ll miss its wonders”可知，因为学生们全神贯注于对未知的恐惧，所以错过了身边的鸟鸣和阳光。 37．考查名词。句意：“你们太害怕未知的事物了，”我继续说道，“以至于忽略了鸟儿的歌唱、阳光透过树叶洒下的光影以及你周围的一切美好。”A. beauty美景，美好；B. harmony和谐；C. warmth温暖；D. mystery神秘。根据上文“the birds singing”和“the sunlight filtering through the leaves”可知，都是大自然中具体的美好事物，用“beauty”可以概括性地指代这些身边的风景。 38．考查动词。句意：“所以……我们总是过于担忧未来，以至于忘记了当下该做什么？”A. refuse拒绝；B. pretend假装；C. forget忘记；D. hate讨厌。根据上文“we worry so much about the future”可知，杰克的感悟是对老师观点的总结：人们过度担忧未来，以至于忘记了活在当下。 39．考查名词。句意：“正是如此，”我回答道，“生活是一段旅程。”A. game游戏；B. battle战斗；C. gift礼物；D. journey旅程。根据下文“we’ll miss its wonders.”可知，此处指的是“生活是一场旅程”，与后文“错过沿途的奇迹”完美呼应。 40．考查名词。句意：这个道理虽然简单却意义深远：当下塑造着未来。A. present当下，现在；B. chance机会；C. effort努力；D. luck运气。根据下文“Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts.”可知，此处为文章主旨升华：当下塑造未来，不要让恐惧偷走今天的礼物。与前文“live now”“today’s gifts”形成完美呼应。 三、阅读理解(共两节，40分) 第一节(共16小题;每小题2分，共32分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Harvest Celebrations People around the world pick, or harvest food that grows. Then they have a holiday. Let's read about some harvest celebrations! Every February, the people of Mendoza, Argentina, harvest their grapes. Then they celebrate for a month! There are parades (游行), shows, and fireworks. They always choose a Harvest Queen, too. Chanthaburi, a town in Thailand, is famous for its tasty fruit. People celebrate the fruit at harvest time in May. The Fruit Fair begins with a parade of floats (游行彩车) made from thousands of fruits and vegetables. The Argungu Fishing Festival began in 1934 in Nigeria, a country in Africa. It's a four-day festival held at the end of February to celebrate the end of all farming activities. On the last day there's a fishing contest. People have one hour to catch the largest fish. But it's not that easy. They can only use traditional fishing tools. But many use only their hands to catch the fish. France's famous Menton Lemon Festival starts in February. There are big parades with floats decorated with lemons and oranges. More than 200, 000 people from around the world come to Menton for this festival. 41．Which of the following is celebrated in May? A．The Harvest Festival in Mendoza. B．The Harvest Festival in Chanthaburi. C．The Argungu Fishing Festival. D．The Menton Lemon Festival. 42．The Argungu Fishing Festival started in _____________. A．Argentina B．Thailand C．Nigeria D．France 43．What can be seen in the Menton Lemon Festival? A．The big parades. B．The Fruit Fair. C．A fishing contest. D．A Harvest Queen. 44．In which section of a newspaper may readers find this passage? A．Sport. B．Business. C．Science. D．Culture. 【答案】41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的人们采摘或收获生长的食物，分别描述了四个丰收庆祝活动。 41．细节理解题。根据第二个表格“Chanthaburi, a town in Thailand, is famous for its tasty fruit. People celebrate the fruit at harvest time in May.（Chanthaburi,泰国的一个小镇，以其美味的水果而闻名。人们在五月的收获季节庆祝水果。）”可知，The Harvest Festival in Chanthaburi是在五月份庆祝。故选B项。 42．细节理解题。根据第三个表格“The Argungu Fishing Festival began in 1934 in Nigeria, a country in Africa.（Argungu捕鱼节于1934年在非洲国家尼日利亚开始。）”可知，The Argungu Fishing Festival是在尼日利亚开始的。故选C项。 43．细节理解题。根据第四个表格“France's famous Menton Lemon Festival starts in February. There are big parades with floats decorated with lemons and oranges.（法国著名的Menton Lemon Festival将于二月开始。有装饰着柠檬和橙子的大型游行花车）”可知，在Menton Lemon Festival可以看到大型游行。故选A项。 44．推理判断题。文章主要介绍四个丰收庆祝活动。结合选项A. Sport运动；B. Business商业；C. Science科学；D. Culture文化，文化更符合题意。故选D项。 B My earliest childhood memories are tied to my mom’s loving touch. My hair was doing its own thing most of the time. Mom would spend what felt like ages making it smooth and putting it into neat styles. Her fingers moved through my curls with a patience I didn’t fully appreciate back then. Those moments were more than just about making my hair look tidy; they were bonding times filled with stories and songs. However, as I hit those awkward teen years, things got complicated. Fitting in at school meant trying to match everyone else’s looks, which didn’t go with my natural hair. Society seemed to love straight, smooth hair. I remember begging Mom to straighten my hair for the first time. She wasn’t thrilled but went along anyway. The process was painful, but seeing that straight look afterwards felt good — for a little while. Soon enough, though, I saw the damage: the damaged hair reminded me that fitting in came at a cost. College changed everything regarding how I saw my hair. Being away from high school pressure let me play around with natural styles more freely. I met peers who loved diverse styles, which made self-acceptance feel possible. Returning to my natural curls wasn’t easy and involved lots of frustrating moments, but it was freeing. Finally, learning to love every curl instead of seeing them as obstacles gave me true confidence. Now, as an adult, my hair is my true expression. Challenging traditional beauty standards by embracing my natural texture (质地) feels like a celebration of my identity. Ultimately, the story behind my hair mirrors life itself — a journey of overcoming struggles, honoring who you are, and learning the profound importance of self-love. 45．What was the texture of the author’s hair in childhood? A．Wild and curly. B．Tidy and loose. C．Straight and smooth. D．Messy and thin. 46．What did the author experience from straightening her hair in her teens? A．A strong sense of pride. B．Emotional and physical harm. C．A conflict with her mother. D．Temporary pain and lasting joy. 47．What mainly changed the author’s attitude toward her hair in college? A．The confidence in tackling frustration. B．The freedom to explore new styles. C．The newly learned hair care methods. D．The influence of peers with diverse looks. 48．What message does the author most likely want to convey? A．Don’t judge a book by its cover. B．True beauty comes from within. C．Be comfortable in your own skin. D．Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 【答案】45．A 46．B 47．D 48．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者从小到大对待自己天然卷发态度的变化，从幼时接受、青春期嫌弃、大学接纳自我，最终领悟要热爱自己本身、接纳自我的人生道理。 45．细节理解题。根据第一段“My hair was doing its own thing most of the time.(我的头发大多时候乱糟糟不受管束。)”可知，作者小时候的头发凌乱且卷曲。 46．细节理解题。根据第二段“The process was painful, but seeing that straight look afterwards felt good — for a little while. Soon enough, though, I saw the damage: the damaged hair reminded me that fitting in came at a cost.(拉直头发的过程很痛苦，但看到一头直发的样子，我短暂地感到开心。可没过多久，我就发现了发质的损伤：受损的头发让我明白，迎合别人、融入群体是要付出代价的。)”可知，青春期拉直头发给作者带来了身体上的疼痛以及情感上的伤害。 47．细节理解题。根据第三段“I met peers who loved diverse styles, which made self-acceptance feel possible.(我遇到了喜欢多样发型风格的同龄人，这让我觉得接纳自己成为可能。)”可知，拥有多样外貌风格的同龄人改变了作者对自己头发的看法。 48．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Challenging traditional beauty standards by embracing my natural texture (质地) feels like a celebration of my identity. Ultimately, the story behind my hair mirrors life itself — a journey of overcoming struggles, honoring who you are, and learning the profound importance of self-love.(接纳自己天生的发质、挑战传统审美标准，仿佛是在彰显独属于我的自我。归根结底，我的头发故事亦是人生的写照——这是一段直面困境、忠于自我，并懂得自爱何其重要的旅程。)”可知，作者想要传达的道理是坦然接纳自己、热爱本身。 C When margarine (人造黄油) was first sold in the 1800s, plentiful alarmist words were uttered about it. However, it was simply a cream of vegetable oil and water, a processed, more sustainable and healthier alternative to an animal product. Anxiety about new foods and how they are produced continues today. Public discussions are full of concerns that “ultra-processed foods” or “UPFs” are downright unhealthy. One particular category in a fierce spotlight is plant-based meats. But how and where food is made doesn’t determine how safe or nutritious it is. The term UPFs was first used in 2009 by Carlos Monteiro, a nutritionist. In a 2017 paper, he said he was worried that the shared experience of cooking was being increasingly lost and people weren’t eating together. In particular, he was seeing rising rates of diabetes and obesity. Keen to identify the root cause of these issues, he focused on food not made at home, but in factories. But the thing is that, as Monteiro has stated openly, the UPF categorisation was never designed to group foods on the basis of nutrition. Just like pork sausages and chicken popcorn, plant-based alternatives are made in factories, so are considered UPFs. But unlike those animal products, they don’t require antibiotics (抗生素) or hormones during production, require up to 96 percent less land, have carbon emissions up to 98 percent lower, need up to 99 percent less water and result in 100 percent fewer animals dying. And side by side, they are almost always healthier than the over-processed animal meat products they replace, especially on fat and fibre content. Just compare the labels on the packets next time you are in the supermarket. Many loud voices are raising concerns, suggesting that all UPFs, especially plant-based meats, are “unnatural”, “fake” and “full of chemicals”. We are seeing history repeat itself, and a fear of new foods being aroused all over again. But the science is unmistakably clear: Diets rich in plant-based options are better for both people and the planet, factory or no factory. 49．Why does the author mention margarine in paragraph 1? A．To stress the sales dilemma margarine faced before. B．To illustrate people’s misunderstanding about margarine. C．To emphasize people’s long-standing worry about novel foods. D．To show the ignored benefits of margarine to people’s health. 50．Why did Monteiro create the UPF categorisation? A．To classify the food made at home. B．To encourage people to cook and eat together. C．To discover the cause of some rising health problems. D．To determine the nutrition level of factory-produced food. 51．What do the numbers in paragraph 3 imply? A．Plant-based meats are more eco-friendly. B．Plant-based meats shouldn’t be considered as UPFs. C．Plant-based meats will replace UPF animal meat products. D．Plant-based meats are healthier than sausages and popcorn. 52．What does the author think of the concern over plant-based meats? A．Alarming. B．Unnecessary. C．Temporary. D．Reasonable. 【答案】49．C 50．C 51．A 52．B 【导语】主要介绍超加工食品定义的由来，反驳大众对植物肉的偏见，说明其更健康环保，人们对新型食物的担忧实属多余。 49．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When margarine (人造黄油) was first sold in the 1800s, plentiful alarmist words were uttered about it. However, it was simply a cream of vegetable oil and water, a processed, more sustainable and healthier alternative to an animal product. Anxiety about new foods and how they are produced continues today.(19世纪人造黄油首次上市时，坊间涌现出大量危言耸听的言论。然而它只不过是植物油与水制成的乳状物，是一种经过加工、更环保且更健康的动物制品替代品。时至今日，人们依旧会对新型食品及其生产方式感到担忧。)”可知，作者提及人造黄油，是为了说明人们对新式食物的担忧由来已久。 50．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In particular, he was seeing rising rates of diabetes and obesity. Keen to identify the root cause of these issues, he focused on food not made at home, but in factories.(他注意到糖尿病和肥胖率不断上升，急于找出这些健康问题的根源，于是把研究重点放在工厂生产而非家庭自制的食品上。)”可知，Monteiro划分超加工食品类别，是为了找出一些日益增多的健康问题的成因。 51．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But unlike those animal products, they don’t require antibiotics (抗生素) or hormones during production, require up to 96 percent less land, have carbon emissions up to 98 percent lower, need up to 99 percent less water and result in 100 percent fewer animals dying.(但与那些动物制品不同，这类产品在生产过程中无需使用抗生素或生长激素，土地消耗量最多可减少96%，碳排放量最多可降低98%，耗水量最多可减少99%，同时还能实现动物零伤亡。)”可知，这些数据表明植物肉制品更加环保友好。故选A项。 52．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We are seeing history repeat itself, and a fear of new foods being aroused all over again. But the science is unmistakably clear: Diets rich in plant-based options are better for both people and the planet, factory or no factory.(历史正在重演，人们再次对新式食物产生恐慌，但科学证据明确：富含植物性食物的饮食对人类和地球都更有益。)”可知，作者认为人们对植物肉的担忧是没有必要的。 D “Have you raised a lobster (龙虾) yet?” This question has been heard frequently across China recently. “Lobster” is the nickname for OpenClaw, a multi-purpose AI agent whose logo resembles a lobster. Unlike traditional chatbots that only provide answers, OpenClaw can open applications, search for information, compare prices, generate documents and complete multi-step tasks with minimal supervision. Thousands have lined up to try it, and tech giants are rushing to offer setup services. However, these powerful digital assistants are turning on their owners, raising urgent concerns about AI safety. The core problem of “OpenClaw” lies in a dangerous capability mismatch. According to researchers from Harvard and Stanford, today’s AI agents possess Level 4 autonomy (自主能力), meaning they can independently complete complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their security judgment remains at basic Level 2, roughly equal to a young kid’s understanding of consequences. Security experts call this the “judgment-action gap,” which results in three deadly consequences: agents have system access, process untrusted inputs, and steal or leak data — all without proper boundaries. To investigate these risks, researchers conducted controlled experiments with six OpenClaw instances, each given email access and maximum system permissions. The results were alarming. In one experiment, an agent asked to delete a single email instead reset the entire account. In another, a simple display name change tricked an agent into deleting its own core files. Perhaps the most disturbing was a “constitution attack,” where hidden instructions which were secretly placed into a behavior guide caused the agent to disable other systems without question. These are not hypothetical (假定的) — real-world incidents have already occurred. The implications are obvious and pressing. As cybersecurity experts warn, OpenClaw’s “blurred trust boundaries” and autonomous system access create unacceptable risks for average users. The technology itself is neither good nor bad — it can reduce stress and spark creativity when used properly. And experts recommend strict safety measures: limit permissions, run agents in separate environments, require human confirmation for destructive actions, and maintain inaccessible backups (备份). Ultimately, with balanced usage and fundamental safety redesign, the “lobster-raising” trend can become a safe and meaningful part of modern life. 53．What does the underlined phrase “turning on” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Relying on. B．Going against. C．Appealing to. D．Caring for. 54．What mismatch does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．High requirement and low capability. B．Massive data and limited storage space. C．Strong autonomy and low safety assessment. D．Full system function and poor human supervision. 55．What is the most worrying finding about OpenClaw? A．Storing hidden instructions secretly. B．Resetting the whole account by mistake. C．Deleting its own core files on purpose. D．Breaking down other systems unquestioningly. 56．Which of the following is recommended as a safety measure? A．Storing backups beyond AI’s reach. B．Running agents in shared digital spaces. C．Preventing AI from dangerous operations. D．Granting AI agents unrestricted system access. 【答案】53．B 54．C 55．D 56．A 【导语】主要介绍名为OpenClaw的AI智能体，分析其自主能力与安全判断力失衡的隐患、实验暴露的风险及专家提出的安全防护建议。 53．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“However, these powerful digital assistants are turning on their owners, raising urgent concerns about AI safety.(然而，这些功能强大的数字助手却正在turning on它们的使用者，引发了人们对人工智能安全的迫切担忧。)”并结合常识可知，AI 助手本应为人类服务，如今却带来安全隐患、危害使用者，由此可推断，划线短语turning on意为“违背、作对”，和B选项表意一致。 54．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The core problem of “OpenClaw” lies in a dangerous capability mismatch. According to researchers from Harvard and Stanford, today’s AI agents possess Level 4 autonomy (自主能力), meaning they can independently complete complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their security judgment remains at basic Level 2, roughly equal to a young kid’s understanding of consequences.(OpenClaw的核心问题在于存在危险的能力不匹配。哈佛和斯坦福研究人员表示，如今的AI智能体拥有4级自主能力，能够独立完成复杂的多步骤任务。但其安全判断力仅停留在基础2级，大致等同于孩童对行为后果的认知。)”可知，它具备极强自主能力，安全评估能力却很低，形成能力错位。 55．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Perhaps the most disturbing was a “constitution attack,” where hidden instructions which were secretly placed into a behavior guide caused the agent to disable other systems without question.(或许最令人不安的是一种“规则攻击”，有人将隐藏指令暗中植入行为指南中，就能令该智能体无条件致使其他系统瘫痪。)”可知，最令人担忧的是它会毫无质疑地破坏其他系统。 56．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And experts recommend strict safety measures: limit permissions, run agents in separate environments, require human confirmation for destructive actions, and maintain inaccessible backups (备份).(专家建议采取严格的安全措施：限制权限、在独立环境中运行智能程序、破坏性操作需人工确认，并保存无法被人工智能访问的备份文件。)”可知，将备份文件存储在AI无法访问的范围。 第二节(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分) 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 The First Kite Kites have been around for thousands of years. The first kites were created in China. There are three stories about how the first kite was born. Many people believe that the kite was created when people watched birds fly. They then attempted to make a light object shaped like a bird that could fly high in the wind. The second story goes like this. The kite was born as Chinese children sat below a catalpa tree (梓树). A catalpa tree is known for large leaves and seed pods (荚), which can be over 10 inches long. The catalpa tree’s seed pods have two “wings” that help the seeds move far from the base of the tree. As the leaves and seed pods sailed on an upward wind, the children became inspired to create their own kites. There is a Chinese legend (传说) telling a different story. When a farmer was working in his field one morning, the wind blew his hat off many times. He had to stop to run after his hat. When the farmer went in for lunch, he had an idea that he could tie one end of a thin rope to his hat and the other end around his wrist (手腕). That afternoon, he went to work again. A sudden and strong wind swept the hat off his head and carried it high into the sky. But the farmer no longer needed to run after his hat. At that time, he got the idea of making a kite. The idea for a kite could have been born as people watched birds fly, sat below a catalpa tree or found a way to get back a hat. Like the roots of many inventions, these stories are each inspired by people’s experiences or observations of the natural world. 57．Where were the first kites created? (不多于两个单词) 58．In the first story, what inspired people to make kites? (不多于五个单词) 59．What gave the farmer the idea of making kites? (不多于四个单词) 60．How do people get the ideas for inventions? (不多于九个单词) 【答案】57．In China. 58．When people watched birds fly. 59．The farmer’s flying hat. 60．By people’s experiences or observations of the natural world. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了关于第一只风筝如何诞生的三个故事。 57．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“The first kites were created in China. ”（第一只风筝是在中国制造的。）可知，第一只风筝是在中国制造的。故答案为：In China. 58．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Many people believe that the kite was created when people watched birds fly. They then attempted to make a light object shaped like a bird that could fly high in the wind.”（许多人相信风筝是人们看着鸟儿飞翔时创造出来的。然后，他们试图制造一个形状像鸟的轻物体，可以在风中高飞。）可知，在第一个故事中，人们创造风筝是因为人们看到鸟的飞翔，即鸟的飞翔给了人们创造风筝的启发。 故答案为：When people watched birds fly. 59．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“A sudden and strong wind swept the hat off his head and carried it high into the sky. But the farmer no longer needed to run after his hat. At that time, he got the idea of making a kite.”（一阵突如其来的大风把他的帽子从头上吹下来，带到了高高的天空。但是农夫不再需要追逐他的帽子了。那时，他萌生了做风筝的念头。）可知，让农夫萌生造风筝的念头源于风把他的帽子吹起的事件。故答案为：The farmer’s flying hat. 60．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Like the roots of many inventions, these stories are each inspired by people’s experiences or observations of the natural world.”（就像许多发明的根源一样，这些故事都是受到人们对自然世界的经历或观察的启发。）可知，由于人们对自然世界的经历或观察的启发，促使人们创造出发明。故答案为：By people’s experiences or observations of the natural world. 四、书面表达(共1小题，20分) 61．根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的英语短文。词数不少于60。 假设你是李华，你校本周一举行了消防演练(fire drill)活动。请给校报英语专栏写一篇稿件，记录演练过程并表达感想。可参考如下内容。 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 ·go out of the classroom when hearing the fire alarm go off ·go downstairs, use a towel to cover the nose and mouth ·take us three minutes to reach the sports field ·the firemen praise us ·… In order to raise our safety awareness and practise our skills for self-protection, we had a fire drill in our school this Monday. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: In order to raise our safety awareness and practise our skills for self-protection, we had a fire drill in our school this Monday. All the students and our teacher went out of the classroom when hearing the fire alarm go off. Everyone bent down and used a towel to cover the nose and mouth while going downstairs at a fast pace. It took us only three minutes to get to the sports field. The firemen were impressed by our quick action and praised us. This activity was an instructive and meaningful lesson to every one of us. I think that safety should be the first thing in our daily life. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设考生是李华，你校本周一举行了消防演练(fire drill)活动。请给校报英语专栏写一篇稿件，记录演练过程并表达感想。 【详解】1.词汇积累 为了：in order to→so as to 提高：raise→improve 响起：go off→ring out 表扬：praise→speak highly of 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：In order to raise our safety awareness and practise our skills for self-protection, we had a fire drill in our school this Monday. 拓展句：We had a fire drill in our school this Monday, whose aim is to raise our safety awareness and practise our skills for self-protection. 【点睛】[高分句型1] In order to raise our safety awareness and practise our skills for self-protection, we had a fire drill in our school this Monday. (运用了不定式作目的状语) [高分句型2] I think that safety should be the first thing in our daily life. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 4 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年北京市第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试 英语仿真模拟试卷01 考生须知 1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。 2.本试卷共四道大题(共100分)。 3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答;非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。 4.考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。 一、听力理解(共25小题;每小题1分，共25分) 第一节(共20小题;每小题1分，共20分) 听下面十段对话或独白，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第1段材料，回答第1题。 1．When will the woman meet the man? A．At 10:00. B．At 10:20. C．At 10:40. 听第2段材料，回答第2题。 2．What does the man come for? A．A lecture. B．A party. C．A meeting. 听第3 段材料，回答第3题。 3．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Doctor and patient. C．Boss and employee. 听第4段材料，回答第4题。 4．Which is Kate’s favorite subject? A．English. B．Chinese. C．Science. 听第5段材料，回答第5题至第6题。 5．What did the woman buy yesterday? A．A blue skirt. B．A green shirt. C．A red bag. 6．What did the woman think of the yellow skirt? A．The price was high. B．The size wasn’t right. C．The color was too bright. 听第6段材料，回答第7题至第8题。 7．Who is the man probably? A．A farmer. B．A host. C．A guide. 8．What will the weather be like this afternoon? A．Sunny. B．Rainy. C．Windy. 听第7段材料，回答第9题至第10题。 9．When will the movie Cars start showing? A．Tonight. B．Tomorrow. C．This weekend. 10．Where will the speakers go tonight? A．To a gym. B．To a rock concert. C．To a movie theater. 听第8段材料，回答第11题至第13题。 11．What is Stan doing at first? A．Making his bed. B．Playing video games. C．Doing his schoolwork. 12．Which bedtime task did Stan forget to do? A．Change his clothes. B．Brush his teeth. C．Take a bath. 13．What time is Stan supposed to go to bed? A．At 10:10 p.m. B．At 10:00 p.m. C．Around 9:00 p.m. 听第9段材料，回答第14题至第16题。 14．Where was the woman last week? A．In Rome. B．In Venice. C．In Ferrara. 15．What did the woman probably visit first? A．The castle. B．The cathedral. C．The Renaissance buildings. 16．How many times has the woman traveled abroad this year? A．Twice. B．Three times. C．Four times. 听第10段材料，回答第17题至第20题。 17．When did Webster graduate from Yale University? A．In 1758. B．In 1778. C．In 1783. 18．What made Webster mainly known to people today? A．His dictionary. B．His spelling book. C．His fight in American Revolution. 19．In what way did Webster make the most changes to American English? A．Pronunciation. B．Grammar. C．Spelling. 20．What did Franklin want Webster to do with English? A．Add some new words. B．Remove all silent letters from words. C．Create new ways of pronouncing words. 第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分) 听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下第21题至第25题的关键信息。此段对话你将听两遍。 A Weather Report in Australia New South Wales There is a warning in place as 21 spread. Queensland At least   22 inches of rain are expected to fall over the next 24 hours. Northern Territory Residents should only experience light showers, and it will remain   23 until Friday evening. Perth There will be   24 that may become stronger towards the end of the week. Geraldton Rain showers will come in from the   25 but should disappear later. 二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One afternoon, as I was diving into life’s deeper questions with my students, a thoughtful boy named Jack raised his hand. “Why do so many people feel lost?” he asked. 26 their curiosity, I decided to show them the ropes through experience rather than simply 27 . “Follow me,” I said, leading them toward the nearby 28 . Whispers filled the air. “Why are we going there?” Emma murmured. “Are there wild animals?” Liam added nervously. “Are we even going to 29 this?” A voice trembled from the back. I stayed 30 , walking calmly ahead. The students trailed behind me, their minds racing with 31 . Some panicked over 32 lions; others pictured snakes. With every step, their anxiety 33 , yet I said nothing. After forty minutes, we stopped at the forest’s edge. 34 them, I smiled. “Don’t worry — we won’t be entering. But tell me, what did you notice on our way here?” The students fell silent. “You were so caught up in 35 of the unknown,” I continued, “that you 36 the birds singing, the sunlight filtering through the leaves, and the 37 around you.” Jack’s eyes lit up with realization. “So...we worry so much about the future that we 38 to live now?” “Exactly,” I replied. “Life is a   39 . If we let fear take over, we’ll miss its wonders.” The students nodded, their faces brightening. As we walked back, they laughed, finally noticing the world they’d overlooked before. The lesson was simple but profound: The 40 shapes the future. Don’t let fear steal today’s gifts. 26．A．Ignoring B．Sensing C．Criticizing D．Celebrating 27．A．complain B．argue C．explain D．announce 28．A．mountain B．river C．desert D．forest 29．A．survive B．enjoy C．remember D．control 30．A．curious B．silent C．shocked D．amused 31．A．plans B．guesses C．decisions D．jokes 32．A．hungry B．magical C．fierce D．imaginary 33．A．grew B．emerged C．faded D．fell 34．A．Calling on B．Pointing at C．Turning to D．Waiting for 35．A．joy B．fear C．anger D．hope 36．A．heard B．missed C．avoided D．recorded 37．A．beauty B．harmony C．warmth D．mystery 38．A．refuse B．pretend C．forget D．hate 39．A．game B．battle C．gift D．journey 40．A．present B．chance C．effort D．luck 三、阅读理解(共两节，40分) 第一节(共16小题;每小题2分，共32分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Harvest Celebrations People around the world pick, or harvest food that grows. Then they have a holiday. Let's read about some harvest celebrations! Every February, the people of Mendoza, Argentina, harvest their grapes. Then they celebrate for a month! There are parades (游行), shows, and fireworks. They always choose a Harvest Queen, too. Chanthaburi, a town in Thailand, is famous for its tasty fruit. People celebrate the fruit at harvest time in May. The Fruit Fair begins with a parade of floats (游行彩车) made from thousands of fruits and vegetables. The Argungu Fishing Festival began in 1934 in Nigeria, a country in Africa. It's a four-day festival held at the end of February to celebrate the end of all farming activities. On the last day there's a fishing contest. People have one hour to catch the largest fish. But it's not that easy. They can only use traditional fishing tools. But many use only their hands to catch the fish. France's famous Menton Lemon Festival starts in February. There are big parades with floats decorated with lemons and oranges. More than 200, 000 people from around the world come to Menton for this festival. 41．Which of the following is celebrated in May? A．The Harvest Festival in Mendoza. B．The Harvest Festival in Chanthaburi. C．The Argungu Fishing Festival. D．The Menton Lemon Festival. 42．The Argungu Fishing Festival started in _____________. A．Argentina B．Thailand C．Nigeria D．France 43．What can be seen in the Menton Lemon Festival? A．The big parades. B．The Fruit Fair. C．A fishing contest. D．A Harvest Queen. 44．In which section of a newspaper may readers find this passage? A．Sport. B．Business. C．Science. D．Culture. B My earliest childhood memories are tied to my mom’s loving touch. My hair was doing its own thing most of the time. Mom would spend what felt like ages making it smooth and putting it into neat styles. Her fingers moved through my curls with a patience I didn’t fully appreciate back then. Those moments were more than just about making my hair look tidy; they were bonding times filled with stories and songs. However, as I hit those awkward teen years, things got complicated. Fitting in at school meant trying to match everyone else’s looks, which didn’t go with my natural hair. Society seemed to love straight, smooth hair. I remember begging Mom to straighten my hair for the first time. She wasn’t thrilled but went along anyway. The process was painful, but seeing that straight look afterwards felt good — for a little while. Soon enough, though, I saw the damage: the damaged hair reminded me that fitting in came at a cost. College changed everything regarding how I saw my hair. Being away from high school pressure let me play around with natural styles more freely. I met peers who loved diverse styles, which made self-acceptance feel possible. Returning to my natural curls wasn’t easy and involved lots of frustrating moments, but it was freeing. Finally, learning to love every curl instead of seeing them as obstacles gave me true confidence. Now, as an adult, my hair is my true expression. Challenging traditional beauty standards by embracing my natural texture (质地) feels like a celebration of my identity. Ultimately, the story behind my hair mirrors life itself — a journey of overcoming struggles, honoring who you are, and learning the profound importance of self-love. 45．What was the texture of the author’s hair in childhood? A．Wild and curly. B．Tidy and loose. C．Straight and smooth. D．Messy and thin. 46．What did the author experience from straightening her hair in her teens? A．A strong sense of pride. B．Emotional and physical harm. C．A conflict with her mother. D．Temporary pain and lasting joy. 47．What mainly changed the author’s attitude toward her hair in college? A．The confidence in tackling frustration. B．The freedom to explore new styles. C．The newly learned hair care methods. D．The influence of peers with diverse looks. 48．What message does the author most likely want to convey? A．Don’t judge a book by its cover. B．True beauty comes from within. C．Be comfortable in your own skin. D．Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. C When margarine (人造黄油) was first sold in the 1800s, plentiful alarmist words were uttered about it. However, it was simply a cream of vegetable oil and water, a processed, more sustainable and healthier alternative to an animal product. Anxiety about new foods and how they are produced continues today. Public discussions are full of concerns that “ultra-processed foods” or “UPFs” are downright unhealthy. One particular category in a fierce spotlight is plant-based meats. But how and where food is made doesn’t determine how safe or nutritious it is. The term UPFs was first used in 2009 by Carlos Monteiro, a nutritionist. In a 2017 paper, he said he was worried that the shared experience of cooking was being increasingly lost and people weren’t eating together. In particular, he was seeing rising rates of diabetes and obesity. Keen to identify the root cause of these issues, he focused on food not made at home, but in factories. But the thing is that, as Monteiro has stated openly, the UPF categorisation was never designed to group foods on the basis of nutrition. Just like pork sausages and chicken popcorn, plant-based alternatives are made in factories, so are considered UPFs. But unlike those animal products, they don’t require antibiotics (抗生素) or hormones during production, require up to 96 percent less land, have carbon emissions up to 98 percent lower, need up to 99 percent less water and result in 100 percent fewer animals dying. And side by side, they are almost always healthier than the over-processed animal meat products they replace, especially on fat and fibre content. Just compare the labels on the packets next time you are in the supermarket. Many loud voices are raising concerns, suggesting that all UPFs, especially plant-based meats, are “unnatural”, “fake” and “full of chemicals”. We are seeing history repeat itself, and a fear of new foods being aroused all over again. But the science is unmistakably clear: Diets rich in plant-based options are better for both people and the planet, factory or no factory. 49．Why does the author mention margarine in paragraph 1? A．To stress the sales dilemma margarine faced before. B．To illustrate people’s misunderstanding about margarine. C．To emphasize people’s long-standing worry about novel foods. D．To show the ignored benefits of margarine to people’s health. 50．Why did Monteiro create the UPF categorisation? A．To classify the food made at home. B．To encourage people to cook and eat together. C．To discover the cause of some rising health problems. D．To determine the nutrition level of factory-produced food. 51．What do the numbers in paragraph 3 imply? A．Plant-based meats are more eco-friendly. B．Plant-based meats shouldn’t be considered as UPFs. C．Plant-based meats will replace UPF animal meat products. D．Plant-based meats are healthier than sausages and popcorn. 52．What does the author think of the concern over plant-based meats? A．Alarming. B．Unnecessary. C．Temporary. D．Reasonable. D “Have you raised a lobster (龙虾) yet?” This question has been heard frequently across China recently. “Lobster” is the nickname for OpenClaw, a multi-purpose AI agent whose logo resembles a lobster. Unlike traditional chatbots that only provide answers, OpenClaw can open applications, search for information, compare prices, generate documents and complete multi-step tasks with minimal supervision. Thousands have lined up to try it, and tech giants are rushing to offer setup services. However, these powerful digital assistants are turning on their owners, raising urgent concerns about AI safety. The core problem of “OpenClaw” lies in a dangerous capability mismatch. According to researchers from Harvard and Stanford, today’s AI agents possess Level 4 autonomy (自主能力), meaning they can independently complete complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their security judgment remains at basic Level 2, roughly equal to a young kid’s understanding of consequences. Security experts call this the “judgment-action gap,” which results in three deadly consequences: agents have system access, process untrusted inputs, and steal or leak data — all without proper boundaries. To investigate these risks, researchers conducted controlled experiments with six OpenClaw instances, each given email access and maximum system permissions. The results were alarming. In one experiment, an agent asked to delete a single email instead reset the entire account. In another, a simple display name change tricked an agent into deleting its own core files. Perhaps the most disturbing was a “constitution attack,” where hidden instructions which were secretly placed into a behavior guide caused the agent to disable other systems without question. These are not hypothetical (假定的) — real-world incidents have already occurred. The implications are obvious and pressing. As cybersecurity experts warn, OpenClaw’s “blurred trust boundaries” and autonomous system access create unacceptable risks for average users. The technology itself is neither good nor bad — it can reduce stress and spark creativity when used properly. And experts recommend strict safety measures: limit permissions, run agents in separate environments, require human confirmation for destructive actions, and maintain inaccessible backups (备份). Ultimately, with balanced usage and fundamental safety redesign, the “lobster-raising” trend can become a safe and meaningful part of modern life. 53．What does the underlined phrase “turning on” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Relying on. B．Going against. C．Appealing to. D．Caring for. 54．What mismatch does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．High requirement and low capability. B．Massive data and limited storage space. C．Strong autonomy and low safety assessment. D．Full system function and poor human supervision. 55．What is the most worrying finding about OpenClaw? A．Storing hidden instructions secretly. B．Resetting the whole account by mistake. C．Deleting its own core files on purpose. D．Breaking down other systems unquestioningly. 56．Which of the following is recommended as a safety measure? A．Storing backups beyond AI’s reach. B．Running agents in shared digital spaces. C．Preventing AI from dangerous operations. D．Granting AI agents unrestricted system access. 第二节(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分) 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 The First Kite Kites have been around for thousands of years. The first kites were created in China. There are three stories about how the first kite was born. Many people believe that the kite was created when people watched birds fly. They then attempted to make a light object shaped like a bird that could fly high in the wind. The second story goes like this. The kite was born as Chinese children sat below a catalpa tree (梓树). A catalpa tree is known for large leaves and seed pods (荚), which can be over 10 inches long. The catalpa tree’s seed pods have two “wings” that help the seeds move far from the base of the tree. As the leaves and seed pods sailed on an upward wind, the children became inspired to create their own kites. There is a Chinese legend (传说) telling a different story. When a farmer was working in his field one morning, the wind blew his hat off many times. He had to stop to run after his hat. When the farmer went in for lunch, he had an idea that he could tie one end of a thin rope to his hat and the other end around his wrist (手腕). That afternoon, he went to work again. A sudden and strong wind swept the hat off his head and carried it high into the sky. But the farmer no longer needed to run after his hat. At that time, he got the idea of making a kite. The idea for a kite could have been born as people watched birds fly, sat below a catalpa tree or found a way to get back a hat. Like the roots of many inventions, these stories are each inspired by people’s experiences or observations of the natural world. 57．Where were the first kites created? (不多于两个单词) 58．In the first story, what inspired people to make kites? (不多于五个单词) 59．What gave the farmer the idea of making kites? (不多于四个单词) 60．How do people get the ideas for inventions? (不多于九个单词) 四、书面表达(共1小题，20分) 61．根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的英语短文。词数不少于60。 假设你是李华，你校本周一举行了消防演练(fire drill)活动。请给校报英语专栏写一篇稿件，记录演练过程并表达感想。可参考如下内容。 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 ·go out of the classroom when hearing the fire alarm go off ·go downstairs, use a towel to cover the nose and mouth ·take us three minutes to reach the sports field ·the firemen praise us ·… In order to raise our safety awareness and practise our skills for self-protection, we had a fire drill in our school this Monday. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年北京市第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试 英语仿真模拟试卷01·参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B C B C C B A A B B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B A C C A B B A C B 题号 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 答案 B C D A B B D A C B 题号 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答案 B A C D A B C A D A 题号 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 答案 B D C C C A B B C D 21．bush fires 22．2/two 23．dry and cloudy 24．a calm wind 25．ocean 57．In China. 58．When people watched birds fly. 59．The farmer’s flying hat. 60．By people’s experiences or observations of the natural world. 61．【答案】One possible version: In order to raise our safety awareness and practise our skills for self-protection, we had a fire drill in our school this Monday. All the students and our teacher went out of the classroom when hearing the fire alarm go off. Everyone bent down and used a towel to cover the nose and mouth while going downstairs at a fast pace. It took us only three minutes to get to the sports field. The firemen were impressed by our quick action and praised us. This activity was an instructive and meaningful lesson to every one of us. I think that safety should be the first thing in our daily life. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。Can I come to see you at ten o'clock? I'm sorry, lisa, but i'm meeting my friends. Then why not come twenty minutes later? Okay, see you then. Listen to the next . question. Hi, tom. We have to start the meeting . without you. I know my flight was delayed because of the heavy rain. but you are just in time for the discussion. Listen to the next question. Good morning, mrs. Green. Come in. What can I do for you? Well. i'm having difficulty in sleeping. I often wake up at three in the morning, and I just cant go back to sleep. Listen to the next question. Kate, which subject do you like best? English, chinese or science? I like science, best of all. Listen to the next question. Did you buy anything in town yesterday? Yes, I bought this amazing red bag and a fantastic new skirt. Oh, is that? That is a lovely blue color. not this one. I've had this skirt for a months. I actually saw two that I loved. I tried on a beautiful Green silk skirt and a bright yellow one as bright as your shirt. They were both great and weren't very expensive, but the yellow one was too small. So I got the other one. Did you buy anything in town yesterday? Yes, I bought this amazing red bag and a fantastic news skirt. Oh, is that IT? It's a lovely blue color. not this one. I've had this skirt for a months. I actually saw two that I loved. I tried on a beautiful Green silk skirt and a bright yellow one as bright as your shirt. They were both great and weren't very expensive, but the yellow one was too small, so I got the other one. Listen to the next question. and that's how the sheep got into the house. Next stop is ali with the weather. Hello. there is IT raining at the moment. No IT stopped raining this morning. There were light winds and a few showers, and there's still a lot of rain on the ground here. In fact, this afternoon, the showers should be replaced by sunshine. We are expecting temperature of about twenty or twenty one degrees, so IT will be quite warm for this time of year, and IT means that they'll be great weather for anyone planning a picture this afternoon. Thank you, ali. That's great to hear. And that's . how the sheep got into the house. Next step is only with the weather. Hello. there is IT raining at the moment. No, IT stopped raining this morning. The relight winds and a few showers, and there's still a lot of rain on the ground here. In fact, this afternoon, the showers should be replaced by sunshine. We're expecting temperatures of about twenty or twenty one degrees. So IT will be quite warm for this time of year and IT means that they'll be great weather for anyone planning a picnic this afternoon. Thank you, ali. That's great to hear. Listen to the next question. What are you doing tonight? I don't have any plans. Do you want to do something later? sure. What do you think about going to a movie? Do you know which movies are playing? There's a cartoon by pixar called cars. okay. Let me just find out when it's playing tonight. Oh, bad news. Cars doesn't start until tomorrow night. No worries. We can go to that tomorrow night. Do you like bowling? It's okay, but I think it's Better to do that this weekend. What else could we do? I know there's a rock concert at those college as cool. Let's do that. then. What are you doing tonight? I don't have any plans. Do you want to do something later? sure. What do you think about going to a movie? Do you know which movies are playing? There's a cartoon by pizza called cars. Okay, let me just find out when it's playing tonight. Oh, bad news. Cars doesn't start until tomorrow night. No worries. We can go to that tomorrow night. Do you like bowling? It's okay, but I think it's Better to do that this weekend. What else could we do? I know there's a rock concert at those college. Cool, let's do that then. Listen to the next question. Why are you still playing video games? Stand, you have school tomorrow. Time to get ready for a bed. Mom, I am ready for bed. Oh, really. So you've brushed your teeth. Yep, and you've had a bath and washed behind your ears. Yes, mom. so you really already for bed. then. Are you going to sleep in jeans . and t shirt? No, mom, I was just going to play one more game. Sorry, i'll put on my night clothes . in a minute. In a minute. It's ten minutes past ten. You should have been in bed over an hour ago. Why are you still playing video games? Stand, you have school tomorrow time to get ready for a bed. Mom, I am ready for bed. Oh, really, so you've brush your teeth. Yep, and you've had a bath and washed behind your ears. Yes, mom. so you really already for bed. then. Are you going to sleep in jeans . and AT shirt? No, mom, I was just going to play one more game. Sorry, i'll put on my night clothes in a minute. In a minute. It's ten minutes past ten. You should have been in bed over an hour ago. Listen to the next question. I called you last week, but your mother said you were sight seeing in italy. Did you go to rome? No, I went to rome last year and then the year before last. So this year I went to for a you may not have heard about IT, as IT isn't one of the most famous and cities. Oh, i've heard about IT before. It's known as the city of the renaissance, right? I've never visited IT before though. How was your there? IT was great. I visited the city center. There's al, and the castle are both there in the heart. The city and both are amazing. I didn't go to the cathedral because I was very crowded. What else did you visit there? After I left the castle, I went to visit the historic part of the city, which has a lot of buildings from the. Then I visited several palaces and churches. You seem to really like traveling. Yes, I love IT. I usually travel abroad twice year, and this year i've taken one more trip than usual. I called you last week, but your mother said you were sight seeing in italy. Did you go to rome? No, I went to rome last year and venice the year before last. So this year I went to fara. You may not have heard about IT, as IT isn't one of the most famous hans cities. Oh, i've heard about IT before. It's known as the city of the renaissance. I've never visited IT before though. How was your time there? IT was great. I visited the city center. There's al and the castle are both there in the heart of the city, and both are amazing. I didn't go to the cathedral because I . was very crowded. S after I left the castle, I went to visit the historic part of the city, which has a lot of buildings from the, and I visited several places and churches. You seem to really like traveling. Yes, I love IT. I usually travel abroad twice year, and this year i've taken one more trip than usual. Listen to the next question today. i'm going to talk a little about noah webster and the influence he had on american english. Webster was born in connect cut in seventeen and fifty eight and graduated from yale university in seven hundred and seventy eight during the time of the american revolution, joined George washington s. Army to fight against the british. The end of the war brought independence, but political independence didn't satisfy webster m. He wanted independence in language from british as well. In seventeen eighty three, webster publish the spelling book IT later became known to generations of schoolchildren as the blue back book because of its blue cover. A couple of years later, he published his dictionary IT is for his dictionary that webster is chiefly remembered today. In his dictionary, webster made many changes in the way english was used in the united states. Most of the changes, though, related to spelling. Today, most people in the united states spell words differently from people in british because of webster's dictionary. However, in making changes to spelling, webster didn't go as far as his friend Benjamin Franklin wanted him to. Franklin wanted to drop all assignment letters from words. The word wrong would have been spelled R, O, N, G, and the word love would have been spelled L, O, V. Today i'm going to talk a little about no webster and the influences he had on american english. Webster was born in connect cut in seventeen and fifty eight and graduated from yield university in seventeen seventy eight. During the time of the american revolution, webster joined the George washington s. Army to fight against the british. The end of the war brought independence, but political independence didn't satisfy a webster. He wanted independence in language from british as well. In seven hundred and eighty three, webster published the spelling book IT later became known to generations of schoolchildren as the blue book book because of its blue cover. A couple of years later, he published his dictionary IT is for his dictionary that webster is chiefly remembered today. In his dictionary, webster made many changes in the way english was used in the united states. Most of the changes, though, related to spelling. Today, most people in the united states spell words differently from people in british because of webers dictionary. However, in making changes to spelling, webster didn't go as far as his friend Benjamin Franklin wanted him to. Franklin wanted to drop all asylum letters from words. The word wrong would have been spelled R, O, N, G, and the word love would have been spelled L, O, V. Listen to the next question. This week's weather in australia is going to be hot. There is already a warning in place for the east coast of new south wales as bushfire spread. The temperature is expected to reach a great height of thirty eight, agree, five degrees hotter than this time last year. Meanwhile, in the rain forest in northern queensland, at least two inches of rain are expected to fall over the next twenty four hours. A further ten inches are predicted over the week ahead. Residents should expect flash floods on roads and only travel if essential to do so. The northern territory will see some of this rain as the clouds move in a southwest direction. However, they should only experience light showers, and IT will remain dry and cloudy until friday evening. He should then brighten up over the weekend with highs of thirty two degrees in some parts. With all the wild weather of the east coast, the west coast is looking calm. Those living in perth will enjoy warm weather with eyes of thirty degrees. A calm wind may become stronger towards the end of the week. As we go further up up the coast towards dalton, we see rain showers coming in from the ocean, but these should disappear . by thursday. This week's weather in australia is going to be hot. There is already a warning in place for the east coast of new south wales as bush fire spread. The temperatures is expected to reach a great height of thirty eight degrees, five degrees hotter than this time last year. Meanwhile, in the rain forest in northern queensland, at least two inches of rain are expected to fall over the next twenty four hours. A further ten inches are predicted over the week ahead. Residents should expect flash floods on roads and only travel a essential to do so. The northern territory will see some of this rain as the clouds move in a southwest direction. However, they should only experience light showers, and IT will remain dry and cloudy until friday evening. He should then brighten up over the weekend with highs of thirty two degrees in some parts. With all the wild weather of the east coast, the west coast is looking calm. Those living in perth will enjoy warm weather with highs of thirty degrees. A calm wind may become stronger towards the end of the week as we go further up up the coast towards jail ton, we see rain showers coming in from the ocean, but these should disappear . by thursday. 听力部分到此结束。 ■ 2026年北京市第二次普通高中学业水平合格性考试 ■ 英语仿真模拟试卷01 ■ ■ ■ 姓名： 缺考 ■ 标记 准考证号 条码粘贴处 ■ ■ 注意事项 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，并认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码 ■ 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5mm黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 3.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出答题区域范围的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 ■ 5.正确填涂 ■ ■ 一、 听力理解（共两节，25分） ◆ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分） 1.[A][B][C] 6.[A][B][C] 11.[A][B][c] 16.[A][B][CJ 2.IA][B][C] 7.[A][B][C] 12.[A][B][C] 17.[A][B][C] 3.[A][B][C 8.[A][B][C] 13.[A][B][C] 18.[A1[B][C] 4.[A][B][C] 9.[A][B][C] 14.A][B][C] 19.[A][B][C] 5.[A][B][C] 10.[A][B][C] 15.[A][B][C] 20.[A][B][C] ■ 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，共5分） ■ 21. 22. ■ 23. 24. 25. 二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分） ■ 26.[A][B][C]LD] 31.[A][B][C][D] 36.[A][B][C][D] ■ 27.[A][B][C][D 32.[A][B][C][D 37.[A][B]LC][D] 28.[A][B][C][D] 33.[A][B][C][D 38.[A][B][C1[D 29.[A][B][C][D 34.[A][B][C][D 39.[A][B][C][D] 30.[A][B][C][D] 35.[A][B][C][D] 40.[A][B][C][D] ■ ■ ■ 三、阅读理解共两节，40分) 41.A][B][C][D] 46.[A][B][C][D] 51.IA][B][C][D1 56.[A][B][C][D] ◆ 42.[A][B][C][D] 47.[A][B][C][D] 52.[A][B][C][D 43.[A][B][C][D 48.[A][B][CJ[D] 53.[A][B][C][D 44.[A][B][C][D] 49.[A][B][C][D] 54.[A1[B1[C1「D ■ 45.[A][B][C][D] 50.[A][B][C][D] 55.[A][B][C][D] ■ 第二节（共4小题每小题2分，共8分） 57. (2分) 58. (2分) 59. (2分) 60. (2分) 书面表达（共1小题，20分） ■