精品解析：北京市2025年12月学业水平测试高二年级英语试卷

北京市学业水平测试 Beijing Academic Proficiency Test 测试时间：2025年12月 Test time: December 2025 高二年级 英语（笔试） 试题册 ☆ 敬告考生 ☆ 欢迎参加北京市二〇二五学年度学业水平测试。请仔细阅读以下考试须知，并严格遵守。 一、答题前，请先检查试卷有无缺页、漏印或字迹不清等问题。如有异常，请立即向监考员报告。 二、请在试卷封面相应位置准确填写姓名与准考证号。 三、所有答案须填写在答题卡指定区域，试卷上作答无效。选择题须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须使用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 四、考试过程中，严禁旁窥、抄袭、交换试卷等舞弊行为；考试结束后，不得将试卷、答题卡或草稿纸带出考场。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I still remember the day when I came home from work at two o’clock one afternoon. Imagine my ___1___ when I heard my daughter Megan and her friend Joann laughing in the house since it was the right time for class. They finally ___2___ that they came home for lunch and never returned to school. But they said they had forgotten to look at the clock. I told Joann to go home because I needed to speak to Megan ___3___. When Joann left, I ___4___myself and managed to ask Megan very quietly, “You forgot to look at the clock?” Megan lowered her head and said, “Well, we were just experimenting to see what it would feel like not to go back to school.” For the moment I was getting angry. I considered ___5___ her, but instead I said, “I’m very upset by all this. When you’re supposed to be in school, that’s ___6___ I expect you to be. Now I’m probably going to get a phone call from your teacher.” Megan said, “ Write me an absence note, say I was sick and then you won’t get a call.” I said, “Megan，the note has to come from you and it has to be the ___7___.” Well, she wasn’t very ___8___ about that, but she did write a note saying she was just “experimenting” and that she wouldn’t do it again. Although the teacher gave her a ___9___ time over the note, I still felt I did the right thing. I knew I had helped Megan face up to what she did and take ____10____. 1. A. joy B. shock C. relief D. shame 2. A. believed B. realized C. admitted D. predicted 3. A. privately B. carefully C. equally D. normally 4. A. encouraged B. blamed C. warned D. controlled 5. A. comforting B. punishing C. changing D. annoying 6. A. when B. why C. where D. how 7. A. truth B. plan C. advice D. wish 8. A. surprised B. worried C. scared D. pleased 9. A. hard B. lucky C. boring D. free 10. A. opportunities B. responsibilities C. suggestions D. advantages 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sally nervously started her first day of a new school. In the afternoon, she had maths class, always a difficult one for her. But she ____11____ (find) the teachers and classmates friendly and helpful. In chemistry class, however, the guy next to her, ____12____ talked to her the whole time, got her a bit annoyed. At the end of the day, Sally became ____13____ (confident) than in the morning and believed there must be a rich experience in the school. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In America, high school grades are used to decide ____14____ a student is admitted into an academic program or not. However, a scientific survey shows that nearly 75% of student success is decided by other factors, often ____15____ (describe) as 21st-century skills. The important things that lead to success are good study habits and stress management. In other words, the student’s ability ____16____ (deal) with challenges of the post-secondary world will shape their future. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Recently, a video of college students in military style cotton coats to class ____17____ (trend) on social media platforms. With the price of down jackets increasing, cotton coats have made a major comeback this winter and stormed quite a few college ____18____ (campus) in Northern China. One can buy ten cotton coats ____19____ the price of one down jacket. Actually, a couple of people ____20____ (wear) the coats might be laughed at, but when a group picks them up, it’s the latest fashion. 第二部分 阅读表达（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Immersive Van Gogh From the creators of the blockbuster show in Paris seen by over two million visitors and still wowing crowds in Toronto, the west coast premiere (首场) of the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit will bring the art of Vincent to life in Los Angeles. Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art. True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic (偶像的) paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist’s most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night. You will experience art like never before—lose yourself in entrancing, moving images that highlight brushstrokes, detail, and color—truly illuminating (照亮) the mind of the genius. LOCATION The Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit is located at a secret place situated in the heart of Los Angeles. To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public. TICKET PRICES VIP TICKETS—$99.99 ●Priority access ●Van Gogh cushion (a gift for you) ●Limited edition poster PREMIUM TICKETS—$59.99 ●Van Gogh cushion (rental) ●Limited edition poster BASIC TICKETS—$54.99 ●Admission only CHILD TICKETS—$29.99 ●Ages 6—16 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket) ●Admission only ●Child tickets are not subject to change of date fees Tickets are available online at www.vangoghla.com. GIFT SHOP Stop by our Exhibit Gift Shop to take the magic of Van Gogh home with you! From clothing and jewelry to home décor, children’s books, and so much more, you will find unique and thoughtful souvenirs at the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit. Also be sure to check out at our online store! Experience the organic landscapes of Van Gogh’s imagination, and journey through his brilliance and madness in a completely new and unforgettable way. 21. According to the passage, the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit ________. A. presents Van Gogh’s art in a modern way B. begins a journey to Van Gogh’s hometown C. displays Van Gogh’s paintings on moving walls D. designs projects on Van Gogh’s learning experience 22. From where can people find information about the exact location of the exhibit? A. An email. B. A website. C. The ticket office. D. The gift shop. 23. How much should a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion at least pay for the visit? A $109.98. B. $154.98. C. $159.98. D. $199.98. B Researchers found that they could accurately predict how close two people were based only on their brain activity in response to a series of unfamiliar video clips. Simply put: You and your best friends really do think alike. According to a Dartmouth study finding, friends have similar neural (神经的) responses to real-world stimuli (刺激) and these similarities can be used to predict who your friends are. The study reveals that friends have the most similar neural activity patterns, followed by friends-of-friends who, in turn, have more similar neural activity than people three degrees removed (friends-of-friends-of-friends). Published in Nature Communications, the study is the first of its kind to examine the connections between the neural reaction of people within a real-world social network. “Neural responses to dynamic, naturalistic stimuli, like videos, can give us a window into people’s unlimited, unplanned thought processes as they unfold. Our results suggest that friends process the world around them in exceptionally similar ways,” says lead author Carolyn Parkinson. The study analyzed the friendships or social ties within a group of 280 graduate students. The researchers estimated the social distance between pairs of individuals based on mutually (相互地) reported social ties. Forty-two of the students were asked to watch a range of videos while their neural activity was recorded in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. The videos covered a range of topics and genres, including politics, science, comedy and music videos, for which a range of responses was expected. Each participant watched the same videos in the same order, with the same instructions. The researchers then compared the neural responses pairwise across the set of students to determine if pairs of students who were friends had more similar brain activity than pairs further removed from each other in their social network. The findings revealed that neural response similarity was strongest among friends, and this pattern appeared across brain regions involved in emotional responding and high-level reasoning. Even when the researchers controlled variables, including left-handedness or right-handedness, age, gender, race, and nationality, the analogy in neural activity among friends was still evident. The team also found that fMRI response similarities could be used to predict not only if a pair were friends but also the social distance between the two. 24. What can we learn about the study mentioned in the text? A. It is original and checks people’s neural responses. B. It has yet to win recognition from the academic world. C. It involved more than 200 students watching various videos. D. It required a professional device to analyze participants’ conversation. 25. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The design of the study. B. The process of the study. C. The findings of the study. D. The innovation of the study. 26. What is the author’s attitude towards the findings of the study? A. Skeptical. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Neutral. 27. What might be the best title for the passage? A. Neural Responses Shape Social Bonds B. How Videos Connect People’s Minds C. The Science Behind Social Networks. D. Friendship Seen Through Neural Patterns. C Precognitive dreams are dreams that seemingly predict the future which cannot be inferred from actually available information. Former US President Abraham Lincoln once revealed the frightening dream to his law partner and friend Ward Hill Lamon, “…Then I heard people weep… ‘Who is dead in the White House?’ I demanded. ‘The President,’ ‘he was killed!’…” The killing did happen later. Christopher French, Professor in the Department of Psychology at Goldsmiths, stated the most likely explanation for such a phenomenon was coincidence (巧合). “In addition to pure coincidences we must also consider the unreliability of memory”, he added. Asked what criteria would have to be met for him to accept that precognitive dreams were a reality, he said, “The primary problem with tests of the claim is that the subjects are unable to tell when the event(s) they’ve dreamed about will happen.” However, some claimed to make such tests practicable. Professor Caroline Watt at the University of Edinburgh, has conducted studies into precognitive dreaming. She stated that knowing future through dreams challenged the basic assumption of science — causality (relationship of cause and effect). Dick Bierman, a retired physicist and psychologist, who has worked at the Universities of Amsterdam, Utrecht and Groningen, has put forward a theory that may explain precognitive dreams. It is based on the fact that when scientists use certain mathematical descriptions to talk about things like electromagnetism (电磁学), these descriptions favour the belief that time only moves in one direction. However, in practice the wave that is running backwards in time does exist. This concept is called the time symmetry, meaning that the laws of physics look the same when time runs forward or backward. But he believes that time symmetry breaks down due to external conditions. “The key of the theory is that it assumes that there is a special context that restores the broken time-symmetry, if the waves running backwards are ‘absorbed’ by a consistent multi-particle (多粒子) system. The brain under a dream state may be such a system where broken time-symmetry is partially restored. This is still not a full explanation for precognitive dreams but it shows where physics might be adjusted to accommodate the phenomenon,” he explains. Although Bierman’s explanation is still based on guesses and has not accepted by mainstream science, Watt does think it is worth considering. For now, believing that it’s possible to predict future with dreams remains an act of faith. Yet, it’s possible that one day we’ll wake up to a true understanding of this fascinating phenomenon. 28. According to French, what makes it difficult to test precognitive dreams? A. Unavailability of people’s dreams. B. That coincidences happen a lot in reality. C. That criteria for dream reliability are not trustworthy. D. People’s inability to tell when dreamt events will happen. 29. Believers in precognitive dreams may question the truth of ______. A. the assumption of causality B. the time symmetry C. memories of ordinary people D. modern scientific tests 30. We can infer from the passage that ______. A. Lincoln was warned of the killing by his friend B. Watt carried out several experiments on causality C. researches on electromagnetism are based on the time symmetry D. time’s moving in two directions may justify precognitive dreams D The US scientists who created the first living robots say the life forms, known as xenobots, can now reproduce—and in a way not seen in plants and animals. Xenobots are formed from the stem cells of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis), from which it takes its name. “Frogs have a way of reproducing that they normally use, but when you liberate the stem cells from the embryo(胚胎) and you give them a chance to figure out how to be in a new environment, not only do they figure out a new way to move, but they also figure out apparently a new way to reproduce,” said Michael Levin, a professor of biology at Tufts University, who was co-lead author of the new research. Stem cells are unspecialized cells that have the ability to develop into different cell types. To make the xenobots, the researchers removed living stem cells from frog embryos and left them to develop. “Most people think of robots as being made of metal but it’s not so much what a robot is made from but what it does, which is act on its own on behalf of people,” said Josh Bongard, a computer science professor and robotics expert at the University of Vermont and lead author of the study. “In that way, it’s a robot, but it’s also clearly an organism made from frog cells.” The researchers found that the xenobots could replicate(自我复制). But it happened rarely and only in specific circumstances. The xenobots used “kinetic replication”—a process that is known to occur at the molecular(分子) level. With the help of artificial intelligence, the researchers then tested billions of body shapes to make the xenobots more effective at this type of replication. The supercomputer came up with a C-shape that looked like Pac-Man, the 1980s video game. They found it was able to find tiny stem cells, gather hundreds of them inside its mouth, and a few days later the pack of cells became new xenobots. “The AI didn’t program these machines in the way we usually think about writing code. It shaped and sculpted and came up with this Pac-Man shape,” Bongard said. “The shape is, in essence, the program. The shape influences how the xenobots behave to speed up this incredibly surprising process.” The xenobots are very early technology-think of a 1940s computer—and don’t yet have any practical applications. However, this combination of molecular biology and artificial intelligence could potentially be used in many tasks in the body and the environment. This may include things like collecting microplastics in the oceans, inspecting root systems and regenerative medicine. “There are many things that are possible if we take advantage of this kind of plasticity and ability of cells to solve problems,” Bongard said. 31. According to Josh Bongard, a robot should be defined in terms of ______. A. its function B. its reliability C. its appearance D. its material 32. What can we learn about xenobots from the passage? A. Xenobots have copied stem cells using computer programs. B. Specialized cells play a key role in the replication of xenobots. C. AI makes it possible for xenobots to replicate more effectively. D. The shape of xenobots was inspired from a video game in the 1980s. 33. What is the author’s attitude towards future applications of xenobots? A. Disapproving. B. Optimistic. C. Unconcerned. D. Objective. 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Where does the unnatural replication process lead? B. Arc xenobots the future of artificial intelligence? C. The uncertain role of robot reproduction D. Fact or fantasy? Robots can reproduce 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you text often, you likely have a “texting style”. Do you often use emojis? Or what about using correct punctuation (标点)? What do all these texting habits say about you? To help you understand yourself, here are some texting styles that can tell you a lot about your personality. Do you always use emojis when you’re texting? You’re most likely someone who is open to showing your emotions and is truthful. ____35____ To make sure the other person doesn’t get the wrong idea about your messages you make sure to express the tone of messages with an emoji, which can be often used as effective signals in modern social communication. If you like to respond in one-word texts like a quick “Good”, then you most likely have a more reserved personality, and aren’t as open with your true thoughts and feelings. Because you are not as open with your emotions in texts, you may not care how lengthy your response is. But be careful. ____36____ Do you value punctuation and grammar in your writing? This love of grammar goes straight into your texts as well as your emails. This seems like a great thing, doesn’t it? But in texting, people seem to think otherwise. Simply placing a period at the end of sentences in texts can make you come across as untrustworthy to others. ____37____ With this texting style, you are rooted in logic and always pay attention to the little details. Are your texts lengthy and thoughtful? ____38____ Similar to someone who texts with perfect grammar, you are a thoughtful and detail-oriented person, who enjoys deep conversations and likes things that are controlled and stable. ____39____ Which texting personality are you? Are you a mix of several types? It’s important to note that everyone has different ways of texting in different situations. Everyone texts their colleagues in a different style from their family or their friends. If you ever think someone may have left you an unclear or rude text, it’s better to just ask them in-person what they meant or what they were feeling. A. Do you relate to any of these texting personalities? B. Do you know that you and your friends may have different styles? C. Such texts may also be rated as less sincere than those that do not. D You may be the busy type who doesn’t have a lot of time to respond. E. You’re the type of person who understands the importance of context. F. You want others to know how you’re feeling when you’re using a message. G. If you’re texting someone with a different text personality, they may view your text as negative. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，42题3分，44题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage. The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks. If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off. 40. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 现住在北京城区，打算本周末到郊区游览，请你写一封邮件，为他推荐一个景点，内容包括： 1.景点名称； 2.推荐理由； 3.出行方式。 注意：1词数 100 左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 提示词： scenic spot 景点 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市学业水平测试 Beijing Academic Proficiency Test 测试时间：2025年12月 Test time: December 2025 高二年级 英语（笔试） 试题册 ☆ 敬告考生 ☆ 欢迎参加北京市二〇二五学年度学业水平测试。请仔细阅读以下考试须知，并严格遵守。 一、答题前，请先检查试卷有无缺页、漏印或字迹不清等问题。如有异常，请立即向监考员报告。 二、请在试卷封面相应位置准确填写姓名与准考证号。 三、所有答案须填写在答题卡指定区域，试卷上作答无效。选择题须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须使用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 四、考试过程中，严禁旁窥、抄袭、交换试卷等舞弊行为；考试结束后，不得将试卷、答题卡或草稿纸带出考场。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I still remember the day when I came home from work at two o’clock one afternoon. Imagine my ___1___ when I heard my daughter Megan and her friend Joann laughing in the house since it was the right time for class. They finally ___2___ that they came home for lunch and never returned to school. But they said they had forgotten to look at the clock. I told Joann to go home because I needed to speak to Megan ___3___. When Joann left, I ___4___myself and managed to ask Megan very quietly, “You forgot to look at the clock?” Megan lowered her head and said, “Well, we were just experimenting to see what it would feel like not to go back to school.” For the moment I was getting angry. I considered ___5___ her, but instead I said, “I’m very upset by all this. When you’re supposed to be in school, that’s ___6___ I expect you to be. Now I’m probably going to get a phone call from your teacher.” Megan said, “ Write me an absence note, say I was sick and then you won’t get a call.” I said, “Megan，the note has to come from you and it has to be the ___7___.” Well, she wasn’t very ___8___ about that, but she did write a note saying she was just “experimenting” and that she wouldn’t do it again. Although the teacher gave her a ___9___ time over the note, I still felt I did the right thing. I knew I had helped Megan face up to what she did and take ____10____. 1. A. joy B. shock C. relief D. shame 2. A. believed B. realized C. admitted D. predicted 3. A. privately B. carefully C. equally D. normally 4. A. encouraged B. blamed C. warned D. controlled 5. A. comforting B. punishing C. changing D. annoying 6. A. when B. why C. where D. how 7. A. truth B. plan C. advice D. wish 8. A. surprised B. worried C. scared D. pleased 9. A. hard B. lucky C. boring D. free 10. A. opportunities B. responsibilities C. suggestions D. advantages 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的女儿为了体验不上学是什么感觉而逃学在家，却让作者给她写病假条，作者教她自己去承担自己的所作所为，她向老师说出了事情的真相，受到老师的训斥。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我听到我的女儿梅根和她的朋友乔安在上课的时间却在家里大笑时，想象一下我的震惊。A. joy喜悦；B. shock震惊；C. relief放松；D. shame羞愧。根据下文“when I heard my daughter Megan and her friend Joann laughing in the house since it was the right time for class”可知，发现本该上学的女儿却在家大笑，故作者感到非常震惊。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终承认，他们回家吃午饭，再也没有回学校。A. believed相信；B. realized意识到；C. admitted承认；D. predicted假装。根据下文“that they came home for lunch and never returned to school”可知，他们承认了他们没去上学的事实。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我叫乔安回家，因为我需要和梅根私下谈谈。A. privately私下地；B. carefully仔细地；C. equally平等地；D. normally正常地。根据上文“I told Joann to go home”可知，作者让乔安回家，是想私下和女儿谈话。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔安离开时，我控制住了自己，平静地问梅根：“你忘了看时钟了？”A. encouraged鼓励；B. blamed责备；C. warned警告；D. controlled控制。根据下文“managed to ask Megan very quietly”可知，作者控制住了自己的怒火。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我考虑过惩罚她，但我说：“我对这一切感到非常难过。当你应该在学校的时候，我希望你在那里。现在我可能会接到你老师的电话。”A. comforting安慰；B. punishing惩罚；C. changing改变；D. annoying使恼怒。根据上文“For the moment I was getting angry”可知，作者当时非常生气，故考虑惩罚她的女儿。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我考虑过惩罚她，但我说：“我对这一切感到非常难过。当你应该在学校的时候，我希望你在那里。现在我可能会接到你老师的电话。”A. when什么时间；B. why为什么；C. where什么地点；D. how怎么样。根据上文“When you’re supposed to be in school”可知，作者的女儿这个时候应该在学校，那是她应该在的地方。故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我说：“梅根，假条必须你来写，而且必须是事实。”A. truth事实；B. plan计划；C. advice建议；D. wish愿望。根据下文“but she did write a note saying she was just “experimenting” and that she wouldn’t do it again”可知，作者的女儿说出了逃学的事实。故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：嗯，她对此并不太高兴，但她确实写了一张假条，说她只是在“试验”，以后不会再做了。A. surprised吃惊的；B. worried担心的；C. scared害怕的；D. pleased满意的。根据下文“but”可知，虽然她女儿不愿意，但还是说出了真相。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管老师在这张假条的问题上狠狠地训斥了她一顿，但我仍然觉得我做的是对的。A. hard困难的；B. lucky幸运的；C. boring无聊的；D. free自由的。根据下文“I knew I had helped Megan face up to what she did and take ___10___.”可知，作者教会女儿承担后果，故老师应该是狠狠教训了她一顿。故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我已经帮助梅根正视了她的所作所为并让她承担起了责任。A. opportunities机会；B. responsibilities责任；C. suggestions建议；D. advantages优势。根据上文“the teacher gave her a ___9____time over the note”可知，梅根为自己的所作所为承担了应付的责任。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sally nervously started her first day of a new school. In the afternoon, she had maths class, always a difficult one for her. But she ____11____ (find) the teachers and classmates friendly and helpful. In chemistry class, however, the guy next to her, ____12____ talked to her the whole time, got her a bit annoyed. At the end of the day, Sally became ____13____ (confident) than in the morning and believed there must be a rich experience in the school. 【答案】11. found 12. who 13. more confident 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sally开学第一天很紧张，但是她在上完数学课后发现老师和学生都很友好。之后化学课上一名男生一直和她说话，这让她很恼火。一天下来，Sally相信自己自己在学校里一定会有丰富的经历。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：但她发现老师和同学都很友好，乐于助人。此处在句中作谓语，句中描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填found。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而化学课上，旁边那个一直和她说话的男生却让她有点恼火。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the guy，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故填who。 【13题详解】 考查比较级。句意：一天下来，莎莉比早上更有信心了，相信自己在学校里一定会有丰富的经历。由than可知，此处应用confident的比较级more confident作表语，故填more confident。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In America high school grades are used to decide ____14____ a student is admitted into an academic program or not. However, a scientific survey shows that nearly 75% of student success is decided by other factors, often ____15____ (describe) as 21st-century skills. The important things that lead to success are good study habits and stress management. In other words, the student’s ability ____16____ (deal) with challenges of the post-secondary world will shape their future. 【答案】14. whether 15. described 16. to deal 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。在美国，高中成绩用于决定学生是否被学术课程录取。然而，学生应对高等教育世界挑战的能力将塑造他们的未来。 【14题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在美国，高中成绩用于决定学生是否被学术课程录取。空处引导宾语从句，由or not可知，此处应用whether，构成固定搭配whether...or not，意为“是否”，故填whether。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一项科学研究表明，近 75% 的学生成功是由其他因素决定的，这些因素通常被称为21世纪技能。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰factors，且动词describe和factors是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填described。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：换句话说，学生应对高等教育世界挑战的能力将塑造他们的未来。ability to do sth.固定搭配，意为“做某事的能力”，故填to deal。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Recently, a video of college students in military style cotton coats to class ____17____ (trend) on social media platforms. With the price of down jackets increasing, cotton coats have made a major comeback this winter and stormed quite a few college ____18____ (campus) in Northern China. One can buy ten cotton coats ____19____ the price of one down jacket. Actually, a couple of people ____20____ (wear) the coats might be laughed at, but when a group picks them up, it’s the latest fashion. 【答案】17. has trended 18. campuses 19. at 20. wearing 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了军大衣在大学校园流行的现象。 【17题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：最近，一段大学生穿着军服式棉衣上课的视频在社交媒体平台上走红。根据时间状语“Recently”可知句子用现在完成时，主语“video”表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has trended。 18题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：随着羽绒服价格的上涨，棉衣在今年冬天卷土重来，席卷了中国北方的不少大学校园。campus“校园”，可数名词，由空前的“a few”可知应用名词复数形式，故填campuses。 【19题详解】 考查介词。句意：一个人可以用一件羽绒服的价格买十件棉衣。at the price of“以……的价格”，固定搭配，故填at。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，几个人穿着这种外套可能会被嘲笑，但当一群人拿起它们时，这就是最新的时尚。动词wear和“people”之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填wearing。 第二部分 阅读表达（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Immersive Van Gogh From the creators of the blockbuster show in Paris seen by over two million visitors and still wowing crowds in Toronto, the west coast premiere (首场) of the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit will bring the art of Vincent to life in Los Angeles. Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art. True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic (偶像的) paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist’s most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night. You will experience art like never before—lose yourself in entrancing, moving images that highlight brushstrokes, detail, and color—truly illuminating (照亮) the mind of the genius. LOCATION The Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit is located at a secret place situated in the heart of Los Angeles. To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public. TICKET PRICES VIP TICKETS—$99.99 ●Priority access ●Van Gogh cushion (a gift for you) ●Limited edition poster PREMIUM TICKETS—$59.99 ●Van Gogh cushion (rental) ●Limited edition poster BASIC TICKETS—$54.99 ●Admission only CHILD TICKETS—$29.99 ●Ages 6—16 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket) ●Admission only ●Child tickets are not subject to change of date fees Tickets are available online at www.vangoghla.com. GIFT SHOP Stop by our Exhibit Gift Shop to take the magic of Van Gogh home with you! From clothing and jewelry to home décor, children’s books, and so much more, you will find unique and thoughtful souvenirs at the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit. Also be sure to check out at our online store! Experience the organic landscapes of Van Gogh’s imagination, and journey through his brilliance and madness in a completely new and unforgettable way. 21. According to the passage, the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit ________. A. presents Van Gogh’s art in a modern way B. begins a journey to Van Gogh’s hometown C. displays Van Gogh’s paintings on moving walls D. designs projects on Van Gogh’s learning experience 22. From where can people find information about the exact location of the exhibit? A. An email. B. A website. C. The ticket office. D. The gift shop. 23. How much should a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion at least pay for the visit? A. $109.98. B. $154.98. C. $159.98. D. $199.98. 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了这场沉浸式梵高作品展在西海岸的首映式将在洛杉矶让梵高的艺术重现人间。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art.(沉浸式艺术不仅仅是在巨大空间中表现视频和音频的技术方法。沉浸式这个词表明了一种深刻的意图，通过将图像和声音连接起来，让观众能够体验到一种不同的艺术方式)”以及第三段“True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist’s most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.(正如它的名字一样，这次展览将文森特·梵高的标志性画作变成了移动的、充满墙壁的投影。Immersive Van Gogh承诺将使用50万立方英尺的投影，呈现出印象派最著名的作品，包括《卧室》《向日葵》，没错，还有《星夜》)”可知，沉浸式艺术是一种将图像和声音连接起来的新型艺术形式。本次梵高绘画展演就是要通过沉浸式艺术展现。由此推知，本次展演将通过一种新的方式呈现。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.(在展览开始前宣布，一旦公开，现有的门票持有者将收到一封附有地点和地点的电子邮件)”可知，想要得到本次展演的确切地点，只能通过电子邮件。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据题干“a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)”可知，一共有两个成人，一个五岁的小孩，并且想要梵高坐垫。再结合“Ages 6—16 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket)”可知，五岁以下的小孩不需要门票。再根据题干中“own a Van Gogh cushion”可知，想要得到一份Van Gogh cushion必须其中一人购买VIP TICKETS，即需要$99.99。另一个人只需要购买BASIC TICKETS(基本门票)，即需要$54.99。所以a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)至少需要$154.98。故选B。 B Researchers found that they could accurately predict how close two people were based only on their brain activity in response to a series of unfamiliar video clips. Simply put: You and your best friends really do think alike. According to a Dartmouth study finding, friends have similar neural (神经的) responses to real-world stimuli (刺激) and these similarities can be used to predict who your friends are. The study reveals that friends have the most similar neural activity patterns, followed by friends-of-friends who, in turn, have more similar neural activity than people three degrees removed (friends-of-friends-of-friends). Published in Nature Communications, the study is the first of its kind to examine the connections between the neural reaction of people within a real-world social network. “Neural responses to dynamic, naturalistic stimuli, like videos, can give us a window into people’s unlimited, unplanned thought processes as they unfold. Our results suggest that friends process the world around them in exceptionally similar ways,” says lead author Carolyn Parkinson. The study analyzed the friendships or social ties within a group of 280 graduate students. The researchers estimated the social distance between pairs of individuals based on mutually (相互地) reported social ties. Forty-two of the students were asked to watch a range of videos while their neural activity was recorded in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. The videos covered a range of topics and genres, including politics, science, comedy and music videos, for which a range of responses was expected. Each participant watched the same videos in the same order, with the same instructions. The researchers then compared the neural responses pairwise across the set of students to determine if pairs of students who were friends had more similar brain activity than pairs further removed from each other in their social network. The findings revealed that neural response similarity was strongest among friends, and this pattern appeared across brain regions involved in emotional responding and high-level reasoning. Even when the researchers controlled variables, including left-handedness or right-handedness, age, gender, race, and nationality, the analogy in neural activity among friends was still evident. The team also found that fMRI response similarities could be used to predict not only if a pair were friends but also the social distance between the two. 24. What can we learn about the study mentioned in the text? A. It is original and checks people’s neural responses. B. It has yet to win recognition from the academic world. C. It involved more than 200 students watching various videos. D. It required a professional device to analyze participants’ conversation. 25. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The design of the study. B. The process of the study. C. The findings of the study. D. The innovation of the study. 26. What is the author’s attitude towards the findings of the study? A. Skeptical. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Neutral. 27. What might be the best title for the passage? A. Neural Responses Shape Social Bonds B. How Videos Connect People’s Minds C The Science Behind Social Networks. D. Friendship Seen Through Neural Patterns. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究发现朋友之间对现实世界的刺激有相似的神经反应，这些相似性可以用来预测谁是你的朋友。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Published in Nature Communications, the study is the first of its kind to examine the connections between the neural reaction of people within a real-world social network. (该研究发表在《自然通讯》杂志上，是同类研究中首次研究现实社会网络中人们神经反应之间的联系)” 可知，这项研究具有原创性，且测验了人们的神经反应。故选A项。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“The study analyzed the friendships or social ties within a group of 280 graduate students.(这项研究分析了280名研究生之间的友谊或社会联系)”和“Forty-two of the students were asked to watch a range of videos while their neural activity was recorded in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner.(42名学生被要求观看一系列视频，同时他们的神经活动被功能磁共振成像(fMRI)扫描仪记录下来)”可知，本段主要介绍研究对象的选择、实验方法以及数据收集等，即这项研究的过程。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Researchers found that they could accurately predict how close two people were based only on their brain activity in response to a series of unfamiliar video clips.( 研究人员发现，仅根据两个人在观看一系列不熟悉的视频片段时的大脑活动，他们就能准确预测两个人的亲密程度。)”和最后一段的“The findings revealed that neural response similarity was strongest among friends, and this pattern appeared across brain regions involved in emotional responding and high-level reasoning.( 研究结果显示，朋友之间的神经反应相似性最强，这种模式出现在涉及情绪反应和高级推理的大脑区域。)”并通读全文可知，作者在文中只是客观地介绍了这项研究的内容、过程和发现等，没有明显的支持、怀疑或冷漠的态度，所以是中立的(Neutral)态度，故选D项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“According to a Dartmouth study finding, friends have similar neural (神经的) responses to real-world stimuli (刺激) and these similarities can be used to predict who your friends are.(根据达特茅斯学院的一项研究发现，朋友对现实世界的刺激有相似的神经反应，这些相似性可以用来预测谁是你的朋友)”可知，文章点明研究发现可以通过大脑对视频的反应预测两人关系，接着介绍研究的原创性、研究过程以及研究结果表明朋友间神经反应相似性最强且可用于预测友谊，文章整体围绕通过神经反应揭示友谊的研究展开。因此D项“从神经模式看友谊。”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D项。 C Precognitive dreams are dreams that seemingly predict the future which cannot be inferred from actually available information. Former US President Abraham Lincoln once revealed the frightening dream to his law partner and friend Ward Hill Lamon, “…Then I heard people weep… ‘Who is dead in the White House?’ I demanded. ‘The President,’ ‘he was killed!’…” The killing did happen later. Christopher French, Professor in the Department of Psychology at Goldsmiths, stated the most likely explanation for such a phenomenon was coincidence (巧合). “In addition to pure coincidences we must also consider the unreliability of memory”, he added. Asked what criteria would have to be met for him to accept that precognitive dreams were a reality, he said, “The primary problem with tests of the claim is that the subjects are unable to tell when the event(s) they’ve dreamed about will happen.” However, some claimed to make such tests practicable. Professor Caroline Watt at the University of Edinburgh, has conducted studies into precognitive dreaming. She stated that knowing future through dreams challenged the basic assumption of science — causality (relationship of cause and effect). Dick Bierman, a retired physicist and psychologist, who has worked at the Universities of Amsterdam, Utrecht and Groningen, has put forward a theory that may explain precognitive dreams. It is based on the fact that when scientists use certain mathematical descriptions to talk about things like electromagnetism (电磁学), these descriptions favour the belief that time only moves in one direction. However, in practice the wave that is running backwards in time does exist. This concept is called the time symmetry, meaning that the laws of physics look the same when time runs forward or backward. But he believes that time symmetry breaks down due to external conditions. “The key of the theory is that it assumes that there is a special context that restores the broken time-symmetry, if the waves running backwards are ‘absorbed’ by a consistent multi-particle (多粒子) system. The brain under a dream state may be such a system where broken time-symmetry is partially restored. This is still not a full explanation for precognitive dreams but it shows where physics might be adjusted to accommodate the phenomenon,” he explains. Although Bierman’s explanation is still based on guesses and has not accepted by mainstream science, Watt does think it is worth considering. For now, believing that it’s possible to predict future with dreams remains an act of faith. Yet, it’s possible that one day we’ll wake up to a true understanding of this fascinating phenomenon. 28. According to French, what makes it difficult to test precognitive dreams? A. Unavailability of people’s dreams. B. That coincidences happen a lot in reality. C. That criteria for dream reliability are not trustworthy. D. People’s inability to tell when dreamt events will happen. 29. Believers in precognitive dreams may question the truth of ______. A. the assumption of causality B. the time symmetry C. memories of ordinary people D. modern scientific tests 30. We can infer from the passage that ______. A. Lincoln was warned of the killing by his friend B. Watt carried out several experiments on causality C. researches on electromagnetism are based on the time symmetry D. time’s moving in two directions may justify precognitive dreams 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了预知梦是否能够预测未来的可能性以及相关的科学和心理学观点。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Asked what criteria would have to be met for him to accept that precognitive dreams were a reality, he said, “The primary problem with tests of the claim is that the subjects are unable to tell when the event(s) they’ve dreamed about will happen.”(当他被问及必须满足什么标准才能接受梦到的未来会成为现实时，他说，“对这种说法进行测试的主要问题是，受试者无法说出他们所梦见的事情何时会发生。”)”可知，经历这种梦境的人无法准确预测他们梦到的事情将何时发生，这使得设计实验来验证这类梦境的有效性具有一定的难度。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Precognitive dreams are dreams that seemingly predict the future which cannot be inferred from actually available information.(预知梦是一种似乎能预测未来的梦，但不能从实际可用的信息中推断出来)”和第三段“She stated that knowing future through dreams challenged the basic assumption of science — causality (relationship of cause and effect).(她说，通过梦知道未来挑战了科学的基本假设——因果关系) ”可推知，相信预知梦的人可能会质疑因果关系的假设，因为如果梦境能够准确预测未来事件，而这些事件却无法从当前信息中推断出来，就会挑战对因果关系的传统理解。故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“However, in practice the wave that is running backwards in time does exist. This concept is called the time symmetry, meaning that the laws of physics look the same when time runs forward or backward. But he believes that time symmetry breaks down due to external conditions. “The key of the theory is that it assumes that there is a special context that restores the broken time-symmetry, if the waves running backwards are ‘absorbed’ by a consistent multi-particle (多粒子) system. The brain under a dream state may be such a system where broken time-symmetry is partially restored. This is still not a full explanation for precognitive dreams but it shows where physics might be adjusted to accommodate the phenomenon,” he explains.(然而，在实践中，时间倒流的波确实存在。这个概念被称为时间对称，意思是当时间向前或向后运行时，物理定律看起来是一样的。但他认为，由于外部条件，时间对称性会被打破。“该理论的关键在于，它假设存在一个特殊的环境，如果向后运行的波被一个一致的多粒子系统‘吸收’，那么就可以恢复被破坏的时间对称性。梦境状态下的大脑可能就是这样一个系统，在这个系统中，被破坏的时间对称性部分得到了恢复。这仍然不是预知梦的完整解释，但它显示了物理学可能在哪里调整以适应这种现象，”他解释说)”可知，文章讨论了Dick Bierman关于时间对称的理论，暗示如果时间可以双向流动，那么可能会证明先知性梦的存在。这一推断来源于Bierman的解释，即在某些条件下，时间对称性可能会恢复，从而允许未来的信息影响到现在的梦境，因此时间在两个方向上移动也许可以证明预知梦是正确的。故选D。 D The US scientists who created the first living robots say the life forms, known as xenobots, can now reproduce—and in a way not seen in plants and animals. Xenobots are formed from the stem cells of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis), from which it takes its name. “Frogs have a way of reproducing that they normally use, but when you liberate the stem cells from the embryo(胚胎) and you give them a chance to figure out how to be in a new environment, not only do they figure out a new way to move, but they also figure out apparently a new way to reproduce,” said Michael Levin, a professor of biology at Tufts University, who was co-lead author of the new research. Stem cells are unspecialized cells that have the ability to develop into different cell types. To make the xenobots, the researchers removed living stem cells from frog embryos and left them to develop. “Most people think of robots as being made of metal, but it’s not so much what a robot is made from but what it does, which is act on its own on behalf of people,” said Josh Bongard, a computer science professor and robotics expert at the University of Vermont and lead author of the study. “In that way, it’s a robot, but it’s also clearly an organism made from frog cells.” The researchers found that the xenobots could replicate(自我复制). But it happened rarely and only in specific circumstances. The xenobots used “kinetic replication”—a process that is known to occur at the molecular(分子) level. With the help of artificial intelligence, the researchers then tested billions of body shapes to make the xenobots more effective at this type of replication. The supercomputer came up with a C-shape that looked like Pac-Man, the 1980s video game. They found it was able to find tiny stem cells, gather hundreds of them inside its mouth, and a few days later the pack of cells became new xenobots. “The AI didn’t program these machines in the way we usually think about writing code. It shaped and sculpted and came up with this Pac-Man shape,” Bongard said. “The shape is, in essence, the program. The shape influences how the xenobots behave to speed up this incredibly surprising process.” The xenobots are very early technology-think of a 1940s computer—and don’t yet have any practical applications. However, this combination of molecular biology and artificial intelligence could potentially be used in many tasks in the body and the environment. This may include things like collecting microplastics in the oceans, inspecting root systems and regenerative medicine. “There are many things that are possible if we take advantage of this kind of plasticity and ability of cells to solve problems,” Bongard said. 31. According to Josh Bongard, a robot should be defined in terms of ______. A. its function B. its reliability C. its appearance D. its material 32. What can we learn about xenobots from the passage? A. Xenobots have copied stem cells using computer programs. B. Specialized cells play a key role in the replication of xenobots. C. AI makes it possible for xenobots to replicate more effectively. D. The shape of xenobots was inspired from a video game in the 1980s. 33. What is the author’s attitude towards future applications of xenobots? A. Disapproving. B. Optimistic. C. Unconcerned. D. Objective. 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Where does the unnatural replication process lead? B. Arc xenobots the future of artificial intelligence? C. The uncertain role of robot reproduction D. Fact or fantasy? Robots can reproduce 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们创造出一批可以复制的“异种机器人”，并阐述了研究过程和发展前景。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Most people think of robots as being made of metal, but it’s not so much what a robot is made from but what it does, which is act on its own on behalf of people,(大多数人认为机器人是由金属制成的，但问题不在于机器人是由什么制成的，而在于它能做什么，也就是代表人类独立行动。)”可知，根据Josh Bongard的说法，机器人应该根据它的功能来定义。故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“With the help of artificial intelligence, the researchers then tested billions of body shapes to make the xenobots more effective at this type of replication.(在人工智能的帮助下，研究人员测试了数十亿个体型，以使异种机器人在这种类型的复制上更有效。)”可知，人工智能使异种机器人更有效地复制成为可能。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are many things that are possible if we take advantage of this kind of plasticity and ability of cells to soh l problems(如果我们利用细胞的这种可塑性和能力来解决问题，就有可能实现很多事情。)”可推断，作者对异种机器人的未来应用持乐观态度。故选B。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The US scientists who created the first living robots say the life forms, known as xenobots, can now reproduce—and in a way not seen in plants and animals.(创造出第一批活体机器人的美国科学家表示，这种被称为“异种机器人”的生命形式现在可以繁殖了，而且是以一种在动植物中未见过的方式。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家们创造出一批可以复制的“异种机器人”，并阐述了研究过程和发展前景。所以“Fact or fantasy? Robots can reproduce(事实还是幻想?机器人可以复制)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you text often, you likely have a “texting style”. Do you often use emojis? Or what about using correct punctuation (标点)? What do all these texting habits say about you? To help you understand yourself, here are some texting styles that can tell you a lot about your personality. Do you always use emojis when you’re texting? You’re most likely someone who is open to showing your emotions and is truthful. ____35____ To make sure the other person doesn’t get the wrong idea about your messages, you make sure to express the tone of messages with an emoji, which can be often used as effective signals in modern social communication. If you like to respond in one-word texts like a quick “Good”, then you most likely have a more reserved personality, and aren’t as open with your true thoughts and feelings. Because you are not as open with your emotions in texts, you may not care how lengthy your response is. But be careful. ____36____ Do you value punctuation and grammar in your writing? This love of grammar goes straight into your texts as well as your emails. This seems like a great thing, doesn’t it? But in texting, people seem to think otherwise. Simply placing a period at the end of sentences in texts can make you come across as untrustworthy to others. ____37____ With this texting style, you are rooted in logic and always pay attention to the little details. Are your texts lengthy and thoughtful? ____38____ Similar to someone who texts with perfect grammar, you are a thoughtful and detail-oriented person, who enjoys deep conversations and likes things that are controlled and stable. ____39____ Which texting personality are you? Are you a mix of several types? It’s important to note that everyone has different ways of texting in different situations. Everyone texts their colleagues in a different style from their family or their friends. If you ever think someone may have left you an unclear or rude text, it’s better to just ask them in-person what they meant or what they were feeling. A. Do you relate to any of these texting personalities? B. Do you know that you and your friends may have different styles? C. Such texts may also be rated as less sincere than those that do not. D. You may be the busy type who doesn’t have a lot of time to respond. E. You’re the type of person who understands the importance of context. F. You want others to know how you’re feeling when you’re using a message. G. If you’re texting someone with a different text personality, they may view your text as negative. 【答案】35. F 36. G 37. C 38. E 39. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些发信息的风格，通过这些不同的风格，可以让你了解一些关于你个性方面的信息。 【35题详解】 下文 “To make sure the other person doesn’t get the wrong idea about your messages, you make sure to express the tone of messages with an emoji, which can be often used as effective signals in modern social communication. (为了确保对方不会误解你的信息，你一定要用表情符号来表达信息的语气，这种表情符号在现代社会交际中经常被用作有效的信号) ”提到为了让对方准确理解你的信息，会用表情符号来表达信息的语气，表达自己的感受，这说明要让收到信息的人知道你所表达的感受，所以选项F“你想让别人知道你发信息时的感受”符合语境，故选F。 【36题详解】 上文“If you like to respond in one-word texts like a quick “Good”, then you most likely have a more reserved personality, and aren’t as open with your true thoughts and feelings. (如果你喜欢像“好”这样一个词的文本回复，那么你很可能有一个相对更保守的个性，而不是公开表达你的真实想法和感受) ”以及“But be careful. (但是你要小心)”提到，你个性保守，回复简单，但是要小心。那么下文会提到你要小心的原因，所以选项G“如果你发短信给另一个个性不同的人，他们可能会认为你的短信是消极的”也就是别人可能并不认为你是保守而是消极，故选G。 【37题详解】 上文“Simply placing a period at the end of sentences in texts can make you come across as untrustworthy to others. (简单地在文本信息中的句子末尾用一个句号，你会发现别人会认为你不可信)”提到发信息不注意标点会让人觉得你不可信。选项C“这类文本也可能被评为不如那些没有标点的真诚”，是对上文内容的进一步说明，都提到了标点的问题，选项中less sincere对应上文untrustworthy，故选C。 【38题详解】 上文“Are your texts lengthy and thoughtful? (你的信息很长而且是经过深思熟虑的吗？)”提到了发短信的一种特点，此空应该是表达这样短信的特点反应你的性格特点，下文“Similar to someone who texts with perfect grammar, you are a thoughtful and detail-oriented person, who enjoys deep conversations and likes things that are controlled and stable. (和那些用完美语法发短信的人一样，你是一个有思想、注重细节的人，喜欢深入的交谈，喜欢有控制、稳定的事情)”详细介绍了这种短信特点所反应的个性，选项E“你是那种理解语境重要性的人”符合上下文的逻辑，故选E。 【39题详解】 根据上文段落句首特点，可知此空应是一般疑问句。答案在选项A和B之间选择。下文“Which texting personality are you? Are you a mix of several types? (你是哪种发短信的个性？你是几种类型的混合体吗？)”提到根据上文的几种短信类型的介绍，你判断自己的类型，所以选项A“你和这些发短信的个性有关系吗？”符合逻辑，故选A。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，42题3分，44题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage. The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks. If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off. 40. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative. 41. Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage. 42. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities. 43. Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了批评对我们影响及我们应如何正确地对待批评。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative.(幸运的是，我们每个人都可以改变我们给予和接受批评的方式，这将使我们不太可能伤害别人，更抵制愤怒，并能更好地从反馈中获益——即使是消极的反馈)”可知，改变我们给予和接受批评的方式会使我们不太可能伤害别人，更抵制愤怒，并能更好地从反馈中获益——即使是消极的反馈。故答案为We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage.(让我们烦恼的是负面的批评，即使是善意的所谓建设性的批评，也意味着提供指导，让我们提高。最糟糕的是破坏性的批评，它的目的是造成伤害或破坏)”可知，建设性的批评是指提供指导，使我们能够改进，而破坏性的批评旨在造成伤害或损害。故答案为Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段“Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks.(第二，我们倾向于认为批评是对我们天生能力的判断，而不是对我们的表现的判断。有趣的是，研究表明，即使是在年幼的孩子中，将批评视为对一个人能力的判断，也会导致自我价值降低、积极情绪降低、任务坚持度降低)”可推知，接受批评的孩子自我价值较低，因为他们把批评当成对自己能力的评判，而不是表现得判断。故答案为Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance./They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities. 【43题详解】 开放性试题。根据文章最后一段“If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off.(如果我们努力学习接受负面反馈，我们就会变得更好)”可知，学习接受负面反馈能帮助我们更容易抵制愤怒，同时更正确地进行批评。此外，接受负面反馈还能帮助我们正确地看待自己的不足，纠正错误并提高自己。故答案为Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 现住在北京城区，打算本周末到郊区游览，请你写一封邮件，为他推荐一个景点，内容包括： 1.景点名称； 2.推荐理由； 3.出行方式。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 提示词： scenic spot 景点 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, How’re you doing? I’m very glad to hear that you’re going to visit a scenic spot in the suburb. Well, I’d like to introduce you a very famous one, the Juyongguan Great Wall, in the north west of Beijing city. First of all, it has a long history of over 700 years. You can touch the ancient brick walls when walking around there. Besides, you can also stand high and enjoy a beautiful view of the whole scenic spot, which must be a unique experience. Above all, it’s quite convenient to be there, and you can arrive there within two hours by driving or taking bus. Anyway, it’s a great place to see. Enjoy your trip then. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给英国好友Jim写一封邮件，为他推荐一个景点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 想要做某事：would like to do sth.=want to do sth. 著名的：famous→well-known 首先：first of all=to begin with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Well, I’d like to introduce you a very famous one, the Juyongguan Great Wall, in the north west of Beijing city. 拓展句：Well, I’d like to introduce you a very famous one, which is called the Juyongguan Great Wall, in the north west of Beijing city. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m very glad to hear that you’re going to visit a scenic spot in the suburb.（that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] Besides, you can also stand high and enjoy a beautiful view of the whole scenic spot, which must be a unique experience.（which引导非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $