北京师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年度高一下期中测试题英语试题

2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 北京师大二附中2025一2026学年度高一下期中测试题 英语 2026.4 本试卷共12页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试 卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分单项选择（共16小题，每小题0.5分，共8分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑。 1.Many people want to their old photos into digital files to preserve precious memories for a long time. A.migrate B.expand C.convert< D.award 2.Although the wound looked serious,the doctor was confident that a new type of antibiotic( 素)could completely the infection within a week. A.witness B.cure C.abuse D.spoil 3.The sudden flood hundreds of families,forcing them to sleep in temporary shelters set up by the Red Cross. A.monitored B.tracked C.ranked D.displaced 4.The art gallery will over 200 rare paintings and sculptures borrowed from the Louvre Museum for three months only. A.detect B.switch C.exhibit D.contradict 5.The new airport will the development of tourism. A.focus B.prohibit C.facilitate D.react 6.The scientist did not select any specific plants for the experiment;instead,she chose them in a completely way,simply picking whichever one her hand touched first,without looking. A.religious B.inevitable C.random D.shallow 7.When the volcano erupted,it sent a(n) cloud of ash and rock into the sky,blocking out the sun for three days across the entire region. A.magnificent B.massive C.spectacular D.ultimate &.The map shows the】 location of the treasure. A.precise B.excessive C.temporary D.economic 9.The baby's crying was throughout the night;his parents did not get a single minute of sleep until nearly 5 a.m. A.crowded B.eager C.sonstant D.visual 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 2 10.After hiking for six hours,they finally found a small cabin in a(n) valley far from any town or road,with no neighbors for miles. A.threatening B.isolated C.tense D.laboratory 11.Scientists believe that modern elephants share a common with a small,pig-sized animal that lived over 50 million years ago. A.disaster B.ancestor C.monster D.specialist 12.This book is so interesting that I forgot to eat dinner while reading it. A.literally B.permanently C.mentally D.constantly 13.The ancient tower still stands because its has remained strong for centuries. A.foundation B.summit C.destruction D.dawn 14.He stayed up all night to finish the report;,he fell asleep at his desk during the important meeting the next morning. A.massively B.naturally C.consequently D.inevitably 15.Work and family life can be hard to manage at the same time;many parents struggle to find a healthy between spending enough time with their children and meeting their job responsibilities. A.zone B.state C.destination D.balance 16.The construction project fell behind after weeks of heavy rain,so the builders had to work overtime on weekends to catch up before the winter arrived. A.architecture B.tension C.data D.schedule 第二部分完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My friendship with the students in a primary school in Uganda started on a shaky ground.The 17 of not being understood was hidden within,for they spoke a language different from that of mine and mine too fell on deaf ears. I greeted them with a wide smile,and when I spoke further,they replied with ice cold 18 A reminder echoed in my mind:you must live through it to get to them.So I gave it another try.I spoke 19 English with hand gestures and a bit of dancing.If all failed,the smile would 20.Soon we picked up and then the 21 of the learners came into play.At the mention of a name,trembles and face covering were the response I got.I decided to 22 a desk with a team each day during group work to get closer.After school,I accompanied them home. 23 we became friends.They were even aware of my favorite fruit,avocado().If I didn't get one on my desk,it would 24 me wherever I was.My slippers were worn out.One night I left them out as no one could steal a pair of slippers in that state.The next morning,I was 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 3 ready to drag my slippers on as usual and I was surprised they had been 25.Wow! The little things we do for each other bring us great joy and warmth.We don't have a proper spoken language,but we are fluent in the language of 26. 17.A.anger B.fear C.confusion D. disappointment. 18.A.agreement B.blame C.comment D.silence 19.A.simple B.official C.academic D.unusual 20.A.turn up B.break off C.take over D.fade away 21.A.shyness= B.laziness C.loneliness D.calmness 22.A.clear B.share C.search D.exchange 23.A.Suddenly B.Obviously C.Accidentally D.Gradually 24.A.hit B.find C.catch D.hunt 25.A.packed B.cleaned C.repaired D. abandoned 26.A.sympathy B.admiration C friendship~ D.confidence 第三部分阅读理解（共两节；40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 A In our hyper-connected world,information is being collected and shared every nanosecond.The problem is that your personal information might be used against you in the future in ways you can't imagine today.So what do you have to worry about,and what can you do to protect yourself? If you're worried about your personal information getting lifted .. Don't hand over your name,address,phone number,or email address unless the receiver really needs it.If pressed,you can always make something up.Opt a paper receipt or no receipt ra ther than getting one via text or email,which requires sharing your information and exposes you to possible data loss. If you prefer that your Internet searches stay private .. Browse()with Firefox.Its privacy controls are stronger than other big-name browsers.Or use DuckJuckGo,and alternate service you can easily set as your default()search partner at duckduckgo.com. If you're worried about your phone acting as a tracker .. Turn off Location Services for all apps except maps and others that specifically need to know where you are.You can do this in Settings,under Privacy and Location. If you want companies to stop trying to sell you things... 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 Stop ads from tracking you by opting out of information collecting.The website simpleoptout.com is a good place to start.You can also add your phone number to the National Do Not Call Registry at 108880382-1222 or donotcall.gov. If you're worried about being tagged(标记)in photos on social media.… Tell friends you don't want to be tagged,and opt out of being automatically tagged in other people's FACEBOOK PHOTOS BY GOING TO Settings,then Face Recognition. Always keep in mind that Internet is not a private place and your privacy is not just about freedom from embarrassment.Although you can't prevent all Internet spying,you can minimize some unwanted spying by taking these steps. 27.Which of the following will most possibly reveal your personal information? A.Looking for information with Firefox. B.Receiving a receipt through text messages. C.Switching off Location Services in Settings. D.Giving your address to the receiver who needs it. 28.If you don't want to be disturbed by ads,you can A.avoid using simpleoptout.come B.refuse a call from 1-888-382-1222 C.delete your history from DuckDuckGo D.register your phone number at donotcall.gov 29.The passage is intended to A.give advice B.introduce websites C.show worries D.explain social media B On September 7,1991,the costliest hailstorm()in Canadian history hit Calgary'southern suburbs.As a result,since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east-central Alberta-downwind of the hail project flights -worry that precious moisture( )is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. Norman Stienwand,who farms in that area,has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years."Basically,the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,"Mr.Stienwan d says,"but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan." The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss,a cloud physicist who works for Weather 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 5 Modification Inc.of Fargo,North Dakota."We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air,so we cannot be causing drought."Dr.Krauss says."In fact,we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground." One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell,a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma."In 1999,I personally saw significant tornadoes() form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,"Dr.Doswell says."Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind?No one really knows,of course,but the seeding goes on." Given the degree of doubt,Mr.Stienwan d suggests,"it would be wise to stop cloud seeding." In practice,doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts,no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. 30.What does the project aim to do? A.Conserve moisture in the soil. B.Prevent the formation of hailstones.v C.Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D.Investigate chemical use in farming. 31.Who are opposed to the project? A.Farmers in east-central Alberta. B.Managers of insurance companies. C.Provincial government officials. D.Residents of Calgary and Edmonton, 32.Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A.To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B.To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C.To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.~ D.To show the link between storms and moisture. 33.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Scientific studies have proved Stienwan d right. B.Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada C.The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D.Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. C When people hear"artificial intelligence,"many envision"big data."There's a reason for that: some of the most important AI breakthroughs in the past decade have relied on enormous data sets. 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 6 But AI is not only about large data sets,and research in"small data"approaches has grown extensively over the past decade-with so-called transfer learning as an especially promising example.Also known as"fine-tuning,"transfer learning is helpful in settings where you have little data on the task of interest but abundant data on a related problem.The way it works is that you first train a model using a big data set and then retrain slightly using a smaller data set related to your specific problem. Research in transfer learning approaches has grown impressively over the past.10 years.In a new report for Georgetown University's Center for Security and Emerging Technology (CSET),we examined current and projected progress in scientific research across"small data"approaches.Our analysis found that transfer learning stands out as a category that has experienced the most consistent and highest research growth on average since 2010.This growth has even outpaced the larger and more established field of reinforcement learning,which in recent years has attracted widespread attention. Small data approaches such as transfer learning offer numerous advantages over more data- intensive methods.By enabling the use of AI with less data,they can bolster progress in areas where little or no data exist,such as in forecasting natural disasters that occur relatively rarely or in predicting the risk of disease for a population set that does not have digital health records. Another way of thinking about the value of transfer learning is in terms of generalization.A recurring challenge in the use of AI is that models need to"generalize"beyond their training data. Because transfer learning models work by transferring knowledge from one task to another,they are very helpful in improving generalization in the new task,even if only limited data were available. Moreover,by using pretrained models,transfer learning can speed up training time and could also reduce the amount of computational resources needed to train algorithms().This efficiency is significant,.considering that the process of training one large neural(神经系统的) network requires considerable energy. Despite the growth in research,transfer learning has received relatively little visibility.The existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policy makers and business leaders in positions of making important decisions about AI funding and adoption.By acknowledging the success of small data techniques like transfer learning-and distributing resources to support their widespread use-we can help overcome some of the common misconceptions regarding the role of data in AI and facilitate innovation in new directions. 34.What does the underlined word"bolster"in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Promote. B.Seek. C.Track. D.Monitor. 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 35.In which of the following settings can transfer learning be best applied? A.Predicting the frequency of floods in Amazon rainforest. B.Designing a program that can read handwritten documents. C.Forecasting the number of people infected with an unknown illness. D.Predicting house prices based on basic features like area and location. 36.What is the writer's attitude towards transfer learning? A.Doubtful.B.Optimistic. C.Critical. D.Unconcerned. 37.Which would be the best title for the passage? A.Transfer Learning:Where Does It Best Fit? B.Small Data Are Also Crucial for Advancing AI C.Transfer Learning Powers Technological Advances D.Big Data vs.Small Data:Which Is the Future of AI? D Eudaimonia is an Ancient Greek word,particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle,which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls()in one of the most central,but troubling words in our modern language:happiness. When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of our lives,it is the word"happiness" that we commonly turn to.We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs,our relationships and the conduct of our day-to-day lives is the pursuit of happiness.It sounds like an innocent enough idea,but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or,at least,heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations.The Ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy;they proposed that it was to achieve Eudaimonia,a word which has been best translated as"fulfillment". What distinguishes happiness from fulfillment is pain.It is very possible to be fulfilled and- at the same time-under pressure,suffering physically or mentally,overburdened and,quite frequently,in an irritable(mood.This is a slight psychological difference that is hard for the word"happiness"to capture,for it's tricky to speak of being happy yet unhappy,or happy yet suffering.However,such a combination is readily accommodated within the respected and noble- sounding idea of Eudaimonia. The word encourages us to trust that many of life's most worthwhile projects will sometimes be in conflict with contentment,and yet will be worth pursuing.Properly exploring our professional talents,managing a household,keeping a relationship going,creating a new business venture or engaging in politics...none of these goals are likely to leave us cheerful and grinning on a daily basis.They will,in fact,involve us in all manner of challenges that will deeply exhaust and weaken us,provoke()and wound us.And yet we will perhaps,at the end of our lives,still feel that the 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 8 tasks were worth undertaking.Through them,we'll have achieved something deeper and more interesting than happiness. With the word Eudaimonia in mind,we can stop imagining that we are aiming for a pain-free existence-and then blaming ourselves unfairly for being in a bad mood.We'll know that we are trying to do something far more important than smile all the time:we're striving to do justice to our full human potential. 38.What do we know about"Eudaimonia"from the passage? A.It was first created by two Greek philosophers. B.It has received a lot of attention from the public. C.It still has some shortfalls that need to be corrected. D.It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece. 39.According to Paragraph 3,happiness A.is the opposite of fulfillment B.is free from physical or mental pain C.stresses the psychological difference D.serves as a respected and noble life goal 40.We can learn from the passage that A.aiming for happiness may lead to wrong self-blaming B.goals that wound and weaken us result in happiness C.challenges leading to contentment are worth undertaking D.feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situations 41.The passage encourages the readers to A.find fulfillment with all efforts B.seek for a pain-free existence C.keep optimistic whatever happens D.balance happiness and suffering 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将 该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多于选项。 The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward,the risk seems worth taking.42 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.Why?Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans.Risk-takers were better at hunting,fighting,or exploring.43 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next,humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then?Well,even 200,000 years ago,too much risk-taking could get one killed.A few daring survived,though,along with a few stay-in-the- cave types.As a result,humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car racing,or maybe you hate it.44 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range,scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.45 To help you do that,your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks,so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 46 For the risk-seekers,a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active,while for the rest of us,a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking,we'll continue to hit the mountains,the waves or the shallow end of the pool. A.It all depends on your character. B.Those are the risks you should jump to take. C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D.Thus,these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F.However,we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 第四部分阅读表达（共4小题；第47、48小题每小题2分，第49题3分；第50题5分， 共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 Egocentrism is the inability to accurately understand any perspective other than one's own.To those who are egocentric,there are two types of opinions:"mine and the wrong ones". Egocentrism is very unpleasant.Suffering from it,people often find themselves in a situation of conflict or loneliness because they do not recognize the rights of others to their personal feelings, desires,and interests.They also fail to look at circumstances from the other person's side. Humanity must overcome it to see a holistic picture of the world and objectively assess situations.It is essential to be a fair-minded individual since egocentrism is a quality that is not easy to live with,making it hard for us to interact with people and move forward. Actually,overcoming this disturbing quality has always been my pursuit.The main goal in my 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 10 life is based on the search for inner balance,harmony,positivity,and the right attitude to life cases. Thus,I will be able to improve my life and help other people in the practice of this aspect.Moreover, I often remind myself to accept differences and remember that a correct attitude to different personalities,their preferences,and interests leads to success in any tasks. The formation and development of a fair mind can be practiced almost everywhere.For example,in a grocery store,we need to put ourselves in the place of the seller's and should not immediately take offense and argue when we are given an unripe banana or burnt bread.It is important to remember that a seller is not obliged to play along at all;this is the same person with his unique nature. Not everyone agrees with everyone else,but if you absolutely refuse to consider another person's perspective,that's when egocentrism becomes a serious concern.So why not try to correct this behavior and be more fair-minded? 47.What is egocentrism? 48.Why does egocentrism often lead to conflicts? 49.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. Egocentrism becomes a problem when someone doesn't agree with others. 50.Please share one of your own experiences about your practicing being fair-minded?(In about 40 words) 第五部分语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A I'd been living with Mama Lil since I was six,when my own mama and daddy (51) (kill)in an apartment building fire.Lillian Johns was my mom's mother.Everybody on our street called her Mama Lil and that was (52)I called her too.I had been butting heads( 相对)with her ever since I could remember.And the older I got,,the more at odds(不一致)we were and the more conflicts we (53)(experience). B Olle Lundberg,the founder of Lundberg Design,(54)(work)with many tech companies over the years."We have lost the connection to the maker in our lives,and our tech engineers are the ones(55)_feel impoverished(贫乏的)，because they're surrounded (56)the digital world,"he says."They're looking for a way to regain their individual identity, and we've found that introducing real crafts is one way to do that." 20252026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 11 Q Climale experts are having a debate:they are asking (57)the UK should focus more on adapling to climate change or trying to prevent it.David Frost holds that preventing climate change is no longer an option.given the extent to which the Earth now appears cellain(5S) (hea up.Despite the many policies (59)atte npt to stop climate change,it now se ms unavoidable that the world will pass the 1.5C or 2'C increases in average global temperate that are (60)((likely）to induce(导致)large changes in the clima e ihan before. 第六部分选词填空（共两组、，10小题：每小题1分、共10分） 用方框中单词或短语的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词或短语只能用一次， generous,intelligent,fail,visual,take charge of,compose,be into 61.This beauriful piece of music by an Austrian musician in the 18th cen:ury,yet it stll touches people's hearts today. 62.The artist's new painting is suiking,fu I of bright colors and bold lines. 63.Ever since the manager lef't last month.David the tcam to cnsure cvery hing runs smoothly. 64.The local community was dceply moved by ihe nilliora ne's when he donated a large sum of money to bu'ld a new library for the children. 65.Despite his inital the young researcher refused to give up and eventually discovered a groundbreaking new material. breats,apar from,be connected to,mysry, drama,in the direction of,extensive 66.Before writing the history book,the author read to gather enoagh background in formation. 67.According to a recent scientific repor't,the frequent exueme weather event s in his area global warming. 68.Before walking onto the stage for the crucial speech compet tion.the girl closed her eyes and too水adep to calm her nerves. 69.For centuries.scientists and historians have been trying to figure out the truh behind he disuppcurance of the ancient N uyu civilizution. 70. successfully reducing carbon cmi sions,the factory also cut down ts opcraring costs by 20 his year. 2025-2026学年第二学期高一英语期中考试试卷 12 第七部分书面表达(20分) 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Ji正在策划一次以“绿色北京”为主题 的社团活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复、内容包括： 1活动形式； 2.活动内容。 注意：1.词数100左右： 2.开头和结尾已给出、不计入总词数， Dear Jim, You's, Li Hua