Unit 4 Honesty 单元词汇精讲巧练 -七年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit 4 Honesty 单元词汇讲与练 ( 读单词识词义 ) 单词（含词性音标） 中文释义 单词（含词性音标） 中文释义 1. honesty /ˈɒnɪsti/ n. 诚实；诚信 2. honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的；老实的 3. spell /spel/ v. 拼写；用字母拼写 4. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军；第一名 5. winner /ˈwɪnə(r)/ n. 获胜的人；优胜者 6. praise /preɪz/ v./n. 表扬；赞扬 7. mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n./v. 错误；失误 8. truth /truːθ/ n. 真相；实情 9. lie /laɪ/ n./v. 谎言；说谎 10. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定；抉择 11. suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议；提议 12. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ n. 问题；困难 13. advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；意见 14. column /ˈkɒləm/ n. 专栏；栏目 15. unlucky /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的 16. unluckily /ʌnˈlʌkɪli/ adv. 不幸地；倒霉地 17. copy /ˈkɒpi/ v./n. 抄袭；一本，一册 18. explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v. 解释；说明 19. lend /lend/ v. 借给；借出 20. accidentally /ˌæksɪˈdentəli/ adv. 意外地；偶然地 21. spill /spɪl/ v. （使）洒出，泼出 22. careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的 23. accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；偶然的事 24. another /əˈnʌðə(r)/ det. 又一；再一 25. lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n. 一生；有生之年 26. bass /bæs/ n. 鲈 27. fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔民；钓鱼的人 28. island /ˈaɪlənd/ n. 岛 29. tie /taɪ/ v. 系；拴 30. bait /beɪt/ n. 鱼饵；诱饵 31. practise /ˈpræktɪs/ v.（AmE practice） 练习；训练 32. cast /kɑːst/ v. 投（钓线）；抛（钓钩） 33. pole /pəʊl/ n. 杆子；棍；钓竿 34. double /ˈdʌbl/ v. 把……对折；折叠 35. end /end/ n. 尽头；末梢 36. lift /lɪft/ v. 举起；抬起 37. handsome /ˈhænsəm/ adj. 美观的；悦目的 38. anywhere /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. 在任何地方 39. though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管 40. even though /ˈiːvn ðəʊ/ conj. 尽管；虽然 41. hook /hʊk/ n. 钩；钓钩 42. lip /lɪp/ n. 嘴唇 43. lower /ˈləʊə(r)/ v. 把……放低；使……降下 44. disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ v. 消失；不见 45. village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 村庄；村镇 46. according to /əˈkɔːdɪŋ tu/ phr. 依照；根据 47. perhaps /pəˈhæps/ adv. 可能；大概 48. cheat /tʃiːt/ v. 欺骗；蒙骗 49. tear /tɪə(r)/ n. 眼泪；泪珠 50. apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉；致歉 ( 核心词汇形转 ) 原词 词性 转换形式 释义 / 用法 例句 / 搭配 spell v. 拼写 spelling (n.)；speller (n.) 拼写；拼法；拼写者 His spelling is very good; he rarely makes mistakes. champion n. 冠军 championship (n.) 锦标赛；冠军地位 He won the championship in the school spelling contest. winner n. 获胜者 win (v.) 赢；获胜 She worked hard and finally won the competition. praise v./n. 表扬 praiser (n.) 赞扬者 She is always a praiser of others’ good deeds. truth n. 真相 truthful (adj.)；truthfully (adv.)；true (adj.)；truly (adv.) 诚实的；诚实地；真实的；真实地 He is a truthful boy who always speaks truly. lie n. 谎言；v. 说谎 liar (n.) 说谎者 A liar can never be trusted by others. decision n. 决定 decide (v.) 决定；抉择 You should decide carefully before making a decision. suggestion n. 建议 suggest (v.) 建议；暗示 She suggested going to the park this weekend. trouble n. 困难 troublesome (adj.) 麻烦的；讨厌的 This problem is very troublesome; we need to solve it quickly. advice n. 建议 advise (v.) 建议；劝告 The teacher advised us to study hard for the exam. column n. 专栏 columnist (n.) 专栏作家 Her father is a famous columnist for a local newspaper. luck n. 运气 lucky (adj.)；luckily (adv.)；unlucky (adj.)；unluckily (adv.) 幸运的；幸运地；不幸的；不幸地 Luckily, he is a lucky boy; unluckily, his friend is unlucky today. explain v. 解释 explanation (n.) 解释；说明 Can you give me a clear explanation of this rule? lend v. 借出 lender (n.) 出借人；贷方 The lender agreed to lend him some money. accident n. 意外 accidental (adj.)；accidentally (adv.) 意外的；意外地 He had an accidental fall and accidentally hurt his leg. careful adj. 小心的 carefully (adv.)；careless (adj.)；carelessness (n.) 小心地；粗心的；粗心 Be careful and do your homework carefully; carelessness leads to mistakes. life n. 生命；生活 lifetime (n.)；time (n.) 一生；时间 He spent his lifetime pursuing his dream. fish n. 鱼；v. 钓鱼 fisherman (n.)；fishing (n.) 渔民；钓鱼 The fisherman goes fishing every morning. island n. 岛 islander (n.) 岛民 The islanders live a simple and happy life. practise v. 练习 practice (n.)；practitioner (n.) 练习；实践者 She does a lot of practice and is a skilled practitioner. end n. 尽头 ending (n.)；endless (adj.) 结尾；无尽的 The movie has a happy ending; the endless story moved us. appear v. 出现 disappear (v.)；disappearance (n.)；appearance (n.) 消失；消失；外貌 Her sudden appearance made him happy, but her disappearance made him sad. village n. 村庄 villager (n.) 村民 The villagers are very kind and helpful. cheat v. 欺骗 cheater (n.) 欺骗者；骗子 The cheater was caught and punished for his bad behavior. tear n. 眼泪 tearful (adj.) 含泪的；哭泣的 She had a tearful face after hearing the sad news. ( 词块 /短语搭配 ) 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句 1 spell a word 拼写单词 Can you spell the word “honesty” correctly in class? 2 tell the truth 说实话 We should always tell the truth to our parents and teachers. 3 tell a lie 说谎 It’s wrong to tell a lie, even if it is a white lie. 4 make a mistake 犯错误 Everyone may make a mistake, but we should correct it in time. 5 correct mistakes 改正错误 You should check your homework carefully to correct mistakes. 6 give advice 给出建议 My teacher often gives me good advice on how to learn English. 7 take advice 采纳建议 If you take my advice, you will avoid making the same mistake. 8 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 I have trouble in remembering English words; can you help me? 9 copy homework 抄袭作业 Don’t copy others’ homework; it’s dishonest and useless. 10 explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 Can you explain this math problem to me again? I didn’t understand. 11 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 Could you lend your dictionary to me? I need to look up a new word. 12 by accident 偶然地 I met my old friend by accident in the supermarket yesterday. 13 spill sth. on sth. 把某物洒在某物上 She accidentally spilled coffee on her notebook while studying. 14 careless mistakes 粗心导致的错误 He lost many points because of his careless mistakes in the exam. 15 another chance 再一次机会 Please give me another chance; I will try my best to do it well. 16 in one’s lifetime 在某人一生中 He traveled to more than 50 countries in his lifetime. 17 practise doing sth. 练习做某事 She practises playing the piano for an hour every evening. 18 cast the fishing line 投钓线 The old fisherman cast the fishing line into the river skillfully. 19 at the end of... 在……尽头/末尾 There is a beautiful park at the end of our street. 20 even though 尽管；虽然 Even though he was tired, he kept working on his homework. ( 重点词汇精讲 ) 1. honesty /ˈɒnɪsti/ n. 诚实；诚信 例句：Honesty is the best policy, and it can help us win the trust of others. 中文：诚实为上策，它能帮助我们赢得别人的信任。 搭配：honesty is the best policy（诚实为上策）、win trust by honesty（靠诚实赢得信任）。 2. honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的；老实的 例句：She is an honest girl who never tells a lie to anyone. 中文：她是一个诚实的女孩，从不向任何人说谎。 搭配：be honest with sb.（对某人诚实）、to be honest（说实话）。 3. spell /spel/ v. 拼写；用字母拼写 例句：Can you spell your English name correctly? I want to write it down. 中文：你能正确拼写你的英文名字吗？我想把它写下来。 搭配：spell words correctly（正确拼写单词）、spell out（拼出；说清楚）。 4. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军；第一名 例句：He worked hard every day and finally became the champion of the school spelling contest. 中文：他每天努力练习，最终成为学校拼写比赛的冠军。 搭配：spelling bee champion（拼字比赛冠军）、world champion（世界冠军）。 5. winner /ˈwɪnə(r)/ n. 获胜的人；优胜者 例句：She is the winner of the drawing competition; her work is very creative. 中文：她是绘画比赛的获胜者，她的作品非常有创意。 搭配：the winner of the contest（比赛获胜者）、prize winner（获奖者）。 6. praise /preɪz/ v./n. 表扬；赞扬 例句：The teacher praised her for her hard work and good grades. 中文：老师因她的努力和优异成绩表扬了她。 搭配：praise sb. for sth.（因某事表扬某人）、high praise（高度赞扬）。 7. mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n./v. 错误；失误 例句：Everyone may make mistakes, but we should face them bravely and correct them. 中文：每个人都可能犯错，但我们应该勇敢面对并改正它们。 搭配：make a mistake（犯错误）、correct a mistake（改正错误）、careless mistake（粗心的错误）。 8. truth /truːθ/ n. 真相；实情 例句：She finally told the truth about the missing book; she had borrowed it without asking. 中文：她最终说出了那本丢失书籍的真相，她未经询问就借走了它。 搭配：tell the truth（说实话）、the truth about sth.（关于某事的真相）、in truth（事实上）。 9. lie /laɪ/ n./v. 谎言；说谎 例句：He told a lie to avoid being punished, but he felt guilty soon after. 中文：他为了避免被惩罚而说谎，但不久后就感到内疚了。 搭配：tell a lie（说谎）、tell lies（复数）、a white lie（善意的谎言），过去式/过去分词：lied/lied。 10. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定；抉择 例句：Before making a decision, you should think carefully about the advantages and disadvantages. 中文：做决定之前，你应该仔细考虑优缺点。 搭配：make a decision（做决定）、a difficult decision（艰难的抉择）、final decision（最终决定）。 11. suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议；提议 例句：Can I make a suggestion? We should hold a party to celebrate our success. 中文：我能提个建议吗？我们应该举办一个派对来庆祝我们的成功。 搭配：a useful suggestion（有用的建议）、put forward suggestions（提出建议）、accept a suggestion（接受建议）。 12. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ n. 问题；困难 例句：I have trouble with my English listening; I can’t understand what the speaker says. 中文：我的英语听力有困难，我听不懂说话者说的内容。 搭配：have trouble (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）、get into trouble（陷入麻烦）、deal with the trouble（处理麻烦）。 13. advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；意见 例句：The doctor gave me some advice on keeping healthy, such as exercising more and eating less junk food. 中文：医生给了我一些养生建议，比如多锻炼、少吃垃圾食品。 搭配：give advice（提建议）、take advice（采纳建议）、ask for advice（征求意见），不可数名词，“一条建议”用a piece of advice。 14. column /ˈkɒləm/ n. 专栏；栏目 例句：There is a new food column in our school newspaper; it introduces many delicious dishes. 中文：我们校报新开了一个美食专栏，它介绍了许多美味的菜肴。 搭配：a column in the newspaper（报纸上的专栏）、a travel column（旅游专栏）、write a column（写专栏）。 15. unlucky /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的 例句：He is an unlucky boy; he missed the last bus and had to walk home in the rain. 中文：他是一个不幸的男孩，他没赶上末班车，只好在雨中步行回家。 搭配：be unlucky to do sth.（不幸做某事）、unlucky for sb.（对某人来说不幸的是），派生词：unluckily（adv. 不幸地）。 16. copy /ˈkɒpi/ v./n. 抄袭；一本，一册 例句：It’s wrong to copy your classmate’s homework; you should finish it by yourself. 中文：抄同学的作业是不对的，你应该自己完成。 搭配：copy sth.（抄袭某物）、copy from sb.（从某人那里抄袭）、a copy of（一本/一份……），动词三单：copies，过去式：copied。 17. explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v. 解释；说明 例句：The teacher explained the new grammar rule clearly to the class, so everyone understood it. 中文：老师向全班清楚地解释了新语法规则，所以每个人都明白了。 搭配：explain sth. to sb.（向某人解释某事）、explain clearly（解释清楚），派生词：explanation（n. 解释）。 18. lend /lend/ v. 借给；借出 例句：Could you lend your pen to me? Mine is broken and I need to write something. 中文：你能把你的笔借我用用吗？我的坏了，我需要写点东西。 搭配：lend sth. to sb.（把某物借给某人）、lend money（借钱）、lend a hand（帮忙），三单：lends，过去式/过去分词：lent（不规则）。 19. accidentally /ˌæksɪˈdentəli/ adv. 意外地；偶然地 例句：She accidentally spilled juice on the sofa, and her mom had to clean it carefully. 中文：她不小心把果汁洒在沙发上，妈妈只好仔细清理。 搭配：accidentally + 动词（意外地做某事）、accidentally drop（意外掉落）、accidentally find（偶然发现），派生词：accident（n. 意外）。 20. spill /spɪl/ v. （使）洒出，泼出 例句：Be careful not to spill the hot soup on your hands; it’s very dangerous. 中文：小心别把热汤洒在手上，非常危险。 搭配：spill sth.（洒出某物）、spill on sth.（洒在某物上）、spill over（溢出），三单：spills，过去式/过去分词：spilt/spilled。 21. careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的 例句：He is always careless with his school things; he often forgets his notebook at home. 中文：他对学习用品总是丢三落四，经常把笔记本忘在家里。 搭配：be careless with sth.（对某物不小心）、careless mistakes（粗心的错误），派生词：carelessness（n. 粗心）。 22. accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；偶然的事 例句：No one was hurt in the car accident yesterday; it was a small one. 中文：昨天的车祸没人受伤，只是一场小意外。 搭配：have an accident（出意外）、by accident（偶然地）、car accident（车祸），复数：accidents。 23. another /əˈnʌðə(r)/ det. 又一；再一 例句：I need another cup of water; this one is cold. 中文：我还需要一杯水，这杯凉了。 搭配：another + 单数名词（又一个……）、another + 数词 + 复数名词（再几个……），如another two days（再两天）。 24. lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n. 一生；有生之年 例句：Traveling around the world is my lifetime dream; I hope to realize it one day. 中文：环游世界是我的毕生梦想，我希望有一天能实现它。 搭配：in one’s lifetime（在某人一生中）、a lifetime chance（一生一次的机会）、lifetime dream（毕生梦想），不可数名词。 25. fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔民；钓鱼的人 例句：The fisherman goes out to sea every early morning to catch fish for his family. 中文：渔民每天清晨出海，为家人捕鱼。 搭配：a professional fisherman（专业渔民）、go fishing with a fisherman（和渔民去钓鱼），复数：fishermen（不规则变化）。 26. practise /ˈpræktɪs/ v. 练习；训练（AmE practice） 例句：He practises playing basketball every afternoon; he wants to be a good player. 中文：他每天下午练习打篮球，他想成为一名优秀的球员。 搭配：practise doing sth.（练习做某事）、practise every day（每天练习）、practise piano（练习钢琴），三单：practises，过去式/过去分词：practised。 27. though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管 例句：Though he is young, he knows a lot about history and culture. 中文：虽然他年纪小，但他懂很多历史和文化知识。 用法：不与but连用，可置于主句前或句末，语气比even though弱。 28. disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ v. 消失；不见 例句：The little cat disappeared from the garden after we fed it; we looked for it everywhere. 中文：我们喂完小猫后，它就从花园里不见了，我们到处找它。 搭配：disappear from...（从……消失）、disappear suddenly（突然消失）、disappear into（消失在……中），派生词：disappearance（n. 消失）。 ( 词汇巩固训练 ) （一）根据汉语释义，写出英文单词、音标及词性（10题） 1. 诚实；诚信 __________ 2. 说谎；谎言 __________ 3. 建议；意见 __________ 4. 粗心的；不小心的 __________ 5. 意外；偶然的事 __________ 6. 练习；训练 __________ 7. 虽然；尽管 __________ 8. 消失；不见 __________ 9. 欺骗；蒙骗 __________ 10. 依照；根据 __________ （二）单项选择题（词义辨析 + 固定搭配，10题） 1. My teacher always tells us that ________ is the best policy, so we should be honest to everyone. ( ) A. kindness B. honesty C. happiness D. carefulness 2. He ________ to his parents because he didn’t finish his homework and was afraid of being punished. ( ) A. told a lie B. told the truth C. gave advice D. took advice 3. Can you give me some ________ on how to improve my English spelling? I often make mistakes. ( ) A. trouble B. decision C. advice D. suggestion 4. He made a lot of ________ mistakes in the math exam because he didn’t check his answers carefully. ( ) A. careful B. careless C. useful D. helpful 5. I met my primary school classmate ________ in the street yesterday; we hadn’t seen each other for five years. ( ) A. by accident B. on purpose C. as usual D. at once 6. She ________ her favorite book to me last week, and I promise to return it to her tomorrow. ( ) A. borrowed B. lent C. bought D. sold 7. ________ he is very busy, he still finds time to help his neighbors with their housework. ( ) A. Though B. Because C. So D. But 8. The little girl was very sad because her pet dog ________ suddenly and she couldn’t find it anywhere. ( ) A. appeared B. disappeared C. arrived D. left 9. It’s not right to ________ others’ homework; you should finish it by yourself and learn something. ( ) A. copy B. explain C. lend D. praise 10. ________ the weather report, it will be sunny tomorrow, so we can go for a picnic. ( ) A. According to B. Because of C. Thanks to D. Instead of （三）用所给单词的适当形式填空（词性转换专项，10题；考点以本单元词汇为主） 1. We should be ________ (honest) with our friends and never tell lies to them. 2. His ________ (kind) and honesty won him the respect of all his classmates. 3. She ________ (suggest) that we should hold a meeting to discuss the problem together. 4. He is a ________ (care) boy; he always makes careless mistakes in his homework. 5. ________ (unlucky), he missed the important exam because he got up late this morning. 6. She ________ (accidental) broke the glass when she was cleaning the table. 7. We need to do more ________ (practise) to improve our English speaking skills. 8. The teacher gave a clear ________ (explain) of the new word, so all students understood it. 9. He made a difficult ________ (decide) to give up his hobby and focus on his studies. 10. The ________ (disappear) of the little cat made the girl cry for a long time. （四）完成句子（固定搭配 + 句式运用，10题；需用到本单元核心词汇及短语） 1. 说实话，我在拼写长单词时总是有困难。(tell the truth, have trouble in doing sth.) ________________________________________________________________ 2. 老师建议我们每天练习读英语，这样能提高口语。(suggest, practise doing sth.) ________________________________________________________________ 3. 他不小心把牛奶洒在了作业本上，只好重新写。(accidentally, spill...on...) ________________________________________________________________ 4. 尽管他很累，还是坚持帮我解释了这道难题。(even though, explain sth. to sb.) ________________________________________________________________ 5. 我能向你借一支笔吗？我的笔不见了。(lend sth. to sb., disappear) ________________________________________________________________ 6. 不要抄袭别人的作业，这是不诚实的行为。(copy, honest) ________________________________________________________________ 7. 他一生都在努力工作，赢得了所有人的尊重。(in one’s lifetime, win respect) ________________________________________________________________ 8. 根据天气预报，明天会下雨，我们需要带伞。(according to) ________________________________________________________________ 9. 她因为犯了粗心的错误，在考试中丢了很多分。(careless mistakes, lose points) ________________________________________________________________ 10. 请再给我一次机会，我会努力做到最好。(another chance, try one’s best) ________________________________________________________________ （五）短文填空（综合运用，1篇；10个空，均为单元核心词汇） 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。（每个单词只能用一次） （方框词汇：honest, mistake, advice, trouble, explain, lend, accidentally, disappear, though, practise） Tom is an ________ (1) boy who always tells the truth. One day, he had ________ (2) with his English homework—he couldn’t spell a long word. He went to ask his classmate Lily for help. Lily ________ (3) the word to him patiently and ________ (4) him her notebook to copy the spelling. However, Tom ________ (5) spilled water on Lily’s notebook. He felt very sorry and told Lily the truth at once. ________ (6) Lily was a little upset, she forgave Tom because he was honest. She also gave Tom some ________ (7): “You should ________ (8) spelling every day, and you will make fewer ________ (9).” Tom followed her advice. A few days later, the difficult word didn’t ________ (10) from his memory anymore. He was very grateful to Lily for her help and kindness. ( 背默清单 ) （一）核心名词 单词 音标 释义 单词 音标 释义 /ˈɒnɪsti/ 诚实；诚信 /ˈtʃæmpiən/ 冠军；第一名 /ˈwɪnə(r)/ 获胜的人；优胜者 /preɪz/ 表扬；赞扬（n.） /mɪˈsteɪk/ （言语或行为上的）错误，失误 /truːθ/ 真相；实情；事实；真实情况 /laɪ/ 谎言；谎话 /dɪˈsɪʒn/ 决定；抉择 /səˈdʒestʃən/ 建议；提议 /ˈtrʌbl/ 问题；困难 /ədˈvaɪs/ 建议；意见 /ˈkɒləm/ 专栏；栏目 /ˈkɒpi/ 复印件；副本；复制品 /ˈæksɪdənt/ 意外；偶然的事 /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ 一生；终身；有生之年 /bæs/ 巴斯鱼；鲈鱼 /ˈfɪʃəmən/ 渔民；钓鱼的人 /ˈaɪlənd/ 岛 /beɪt/ 鱼饵；诱饵 /pəʊl/ 杆子；棍；杖；钓竿 /end/ 结局；结尾；尽头 /hʊk/ 钩；钓钩；鱼钩 /lɪp/ 嘴唇 /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ 村庄；村镇 /teə(r)/ /tɪə(r)/ 眼泪；泪珠；泪水 /tʃiːt/ 欺骗；蒙骗（n.）；欺骗手段 （二）核心动词 单词 音标 释义 单词 音标 释义 spell /spel/ 拼写；用字母拼写 praise /preɪz/ 表扬；赞扬；称赞 explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ 解释；说明 lend /lend/ 借给；借出 spill /spɪl/ （使）洒出，泼出，溢出 tie /taɪ/ 系；拴 practise (AmE practice) /ˈpræktɪs/ 练习；训练 cast /kɑːst/ 投（钓线）；抛（钓钩） double /ˈdʌbl/ 把……对折；折叠 lift /lɪft/ 举起；抬起 lower /ˈləʊə(r)/ 把……放低；使……降下 disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ 消失；不见 cheat /tʃiːt/ 欺骗；蒙骗 win /wɪn/ 赢；获胜 decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ 决定 suggest /səˈdʒest/ 建议；暗示 advise /ədˈvaɪz/ 建议；劝告 copy /ˈkɒpi/ 抄袭；复制 fish /fɪʃ/ 钓鱼 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ 误会；误解；看错 （三）核心形容词 单词 音标 释义 单词 音标 释义 /ˈɒnɪst/ 诚实的；老实的 /ˈkeələs/ 不小心的；不仔细的；粗心的 /ˈhænsəm/ 美观的；悦目的；英俊的 /truː/ 真实的 /ʌnˈlʌki/ 不幸的 /ˈlʌki/ 幸运的 /ˌæksɪˈdentl/ 意外的；偶然的 /ˈkeəfl/ 小心的；仔细的 /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ 决定性的 /səˈdʒestɪv/ 示意的；暗示的 /ˈtruːθfl/ 诚实的；真实的 /ˈtʃiːtɪŋ/ 欺骗性的 /ˈtrʌblsəm/ 麻烦的；讨厌的 /ˈpræktɪkl/ 实际的 /ˈendləs/ 无尽的；无限的 /hʊkt/ 钩状的；着迷的 /ˈtɪəfl/ 含泪的；哭泣的 /sɪnˈsɪə(r)/ 真诚的；诚挚的 /ˈɡɪlti/ 内疚的；有罪的 /ˈvæljuəbl/ 有价值的；贵重的 （四）核心短语 短语 中文 短语 中文 诚实为上策 错误地，意外地 责怪她的妹妹 提出替换它 从互联网上抄一篇文章 公告板上的海报 下一个冠军 因某事表扬某人 遇到了一点麻烦 似乎已经找到了一个答案 查明 纠正它，弥补 处理麻烦 在上面洒了很多水 一个郑重的承诺 传播善意 站直 在一个十字路口 对……严格 全年 弯腰，弯曲 他见过的最大的一条 点燃一根火柴 像……一样的 没有这条大 环顾四周 解决(问题) 尽管；虽然 一个诚实的男孩 依照；根据 根据给定的部分 发生，举行 在山脚下 几个小时后 为了钱欺骗我们 就在那时 承诺去做某事 为某人买某物 翻过一座山 在他回来的路上 伤到腿 说实话 说谎 犯错误 改正错误 做决定 提出建议 采纳某人的建议 做某事有困难 偶然地 把某物借给某人 练习做某事 投钓线 压低声音 从……消失 因某事向某人道歉 对……感到内疚 善意的谎言 admit one’s mistake 承认错误 win the trust 赢得信任 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Honesty 单元词汇讲与练 ( 读单词识词义 ) 单词（含词性音标） 中文释义 单词（含词性音标） 中文释义 1. honesty /ˈɒnɪsti/ n. 诚实；诚信 2. honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的；老实的 3. spell /spel/ v. 拼写；用字母拼写 4. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军；第一名 5. winner /ˈwɪnə(r)/ n. 获胜的人；优胜者 6. praise /preɪz/ v./n. 表扬；赞扬 7. mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n./v. 错误；失误 8. truth /truːθ/ n. 真相；实情 9. lie /laɪ/ n./v. 谎言；说谎 10. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定；抉择 11. suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议；提议 12. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ n. 问题；困难 13. advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；意见 14. column /ˈkɒləm/ n. 专栏；栏目 15. unlucky /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的 16. unluckily /ʌnˈlʌkɪli/ adv. 不幸地；倒霉地 17. copy /ˈkɒpi/ v./n. 抄袭；一本，一册 18. explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v. 解释；说明 19. lend /lend/ v. 借给；借出 20. accidentally /ˌæksɪˈdentəli/ adv. 意外地；偶然地 21. spill /spɪl/ v. （使）洒出，泼出 22. careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的 23. accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；偶然的事 24. another /əˈnʌðə(r)/ det. 又一；再一 25. lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n. 一生；有生之年 26. bass /bæs/ n. 鲈 27. fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔民；钓鱼的人 28. island /ˈaɪlənd/ n. 岛 29. tie /taɪ/ v. 系；拴 30. bait /beɪt/ n. 鱼饵；诱饵 31. practise /ˈpræktɪs/ v.（AmE practice） 练习；训练 32. cast /kɑːst/ v. 投（钓线）；抛（钓钩） 33. pole /pəʊl/ n. 杆子；棍；钓竿 34. double /ˈdʌbl/ v. 把……对折；折叠 35. end /end/ n. 尽头；末梢 36. lift /lɪft/ v. 举起；抬起 37. handsome /ˈhænsəm/ adj. 美观的；悦目的 38. anywhere /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. 在任何地方 39. though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管 40. even though /ˈiːvn ðəʊ/ conj. 尽管；虽然 41. hook /hʊk/ n. 钩；钓钩 42. lip /lɪp/ n. 嘴唇 43. lower /ˈləʊə(r)/ v. 把……放低；使……降下 44. disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ v. 消失；不见 45. village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ n. 村庄；村镇 46. according to /əˈkɔːdɪŋ tu/ phr. 依照；根据 47. perhaps /pəˈhæps/ adv. 可能；大概 48. cheat /tʃiːt/ v. 欺骗；蒙骗 49. tear /tɪə(r)/ n. 眼泪；泪珠 50. apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉；致歉 ( 核心词汇形转 ) 原词 词性 转换形式 释义 / 用法 例句 / 搭配 spell v. 拼写 spelling (n.)；speller (n.) 拼写；拼法；拼写者 His spelling is very good; he rarely makes mistakes. champion n. 冠军 championship (n.) 锦标赛；冠军地位 He won the championship in the school spelling contest. winner n. 获胜者 win (v.) 赢；获胜 She worked hard and finally won the competition. praise v./n. 表扬 praiser (n.) 赞扬者 She is always a praiser of others’ good deeds. truth n. 真相 truthful (adj.)；truthfully (adv.)；true (adj.)；truly (adv.) 诚实的；诚实地；真实的；真实地 He is a truthful boy who always speaks truly. lie n. 谎言；v. 说谎 liar (n.) 说谎者 A liar can never be trusted by others. decision n. 决定 decide (v.) 决定；抉择 You should decide carefully before making a decision. suggestion n. 建议 suggest (v.) 建议；暗示 She suggested going to the park this weekend. trouble n. 困难 troublesome (adj.) 麻烦的；讨厌的 This problem is very troublesome; we need to solve it quickly. advice n. 建议 advise (v.) 建议；劝告 The teacher advised us to study hard for the exam. column n. 专栏 columnist (n.) 专栏作家 Her father is a famous columnist for a local newspaper. luck n. 运气 lucky (adj.)；luckily (adv.)；unlucky (adj.)；unluckily (adv.) 幸运的；幸运地；不幸的；不幸地 Luckily, he is a lucky boy; unluckily, his friend is unlucky today. explain v. 解释 explanation (n.) 解释；说明 Can you give me a clear explanation of this rule? lend v. 借出 lender (n.) 出借人；贷方 The lender agreed to lend him some money. accident n. 意外 accidental (adj.)；accidentally (adv.) 意外的；意外地 He had an accidental fall and accidentally hurt his leg. careful adj. 小心的 carefully (adv.)；careless (adj.)；carelessness (n.) 小心地；粗心的；粗心 Be careful and do your homework carefully; carelessness leads to mistakes. life n. 生命；生活 lifetime (n.)；time (n.) 一生；时间 He spent his lifetime pursuing his dream. fish n. 鱼；v. 钓鱼 fisherman (n.)；fishing (n.) 渔民；钓鱼 The fisherman goes fishing every morning. island n. 岛 islander (n.) 岛民 The islanders live a simple and happy life. practise v. 练习 practice (n.)；practitioner (n.) 练习；实践者 She does a lot of practice and is a skilled practitioner. end n. 尽头 ending (n.)；endless (adj.) 结尾；无尽的 The movie has a happy ending; the endless story moved us. appear v. 出现 disappear (v.)；disappearance (n.)；appearance (n.) 消失；消失；外貌 Her sudden appearance made him happy, but her disappearance made him sad. village n. 村庄 villager (n.) 村民 The villagers are very kind and helpful. cheat v. 欺骗 cheater (n.) 欺骗者；骗子 The cheater was caught and punished for his bad behavior. tear n. 眼泪 tearful (adj.) 含泪的；哭泣的 She had a tearful face after hearing the sad news. ( 词块 /短语搭配 ) 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句 1 spell a word 拼写单词 Can you spell the word “honesty” correctly in class? 2 tell the truth 说实话 We should always tell the truth to our parents and teachers. 3 tell a lie 说谎 It’s wrong to tell a lie, even if it is a white lie. 4 make a mistake 犯错误 Everyone may make a mistake, but we should correct it in time. 5 correct mistakes 改正错误 You should check your homework carefully to correct mistakes. 6 give advice 给出建议 My teacher often gives me good advice on how to learn English. 7 take advice 采纳建议 If you take my advice, you will avoid making the same mistake. 8 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 I have trouble in remembering English words; can you help me? 9 copy homework 抄袭作业 Don’t copy others’ homework; it’s dishonest and useless. 10 explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 Can you explain this math problem to me again? I didn’t understand. 11 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 Could you lend your dictionary to me? I need to look up a new word. 12 by accident 偶然地 I met my old friend by accident in the supermarket yesterday. 13 spill sth. on sth. 把某物洒在某物上 She accidentally spilled coffee on her notebook while studying. 14 careless mistakes 粗心导致的错误 He lost many points because of his careless mistakes in the exam. 15 another chance 再一次机会 Please give me another chance; I will try my best to do it well. 16 in one’s lifetime 在某人一生中 He traveled to more than 50 countries in his lifetime. 17 practise doing sth. 练习做某事 She practises playing the piano for an hour every evening. 18 cast the fishing line 投钓线 The old fisherman cast the fishing line into the river skillfully. 19 at the end of... 在……尽头/末尾 There is a beautiful park at the end of our street. 20 even though 尽管；虽然 Even though he was tired, he kept working on his homework. ( 重点词汇精讲 ) 1. honesty /ˈɒnɪsti/ n. 诚实；诚信 例句：Honesty is the best policy, and it can help us win the trust of others. 中文：诚实为上策，它能帮助我们赢得别人的信任。 搭配：honesty is the best policy（诚实为上策）、win trust by honesty（靠诚实赢得信任）。 2. honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的；老实的 例句：She is an honest girl who never tells a lie to anyone. 中文：她是一个诚实的女孩，从不向任何人说谎。 搭配：be honest with sb.（对某人诚实）、to be honest（说实话）。 3. spell /spel/ v. 拼写；用字母拼写 例句：Can you spell your English name correctly? I want to write it down. 中文：你能正确拼写你的英文名字吗？我想把它写下来。 搭配：spell words correctly（正确拼写单词）、spell out（拼出；说清楚）。 4. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军；第一名 例句：He worked hard every day and finally became the champion of the school spelling contest. 中文：他每天努力练习，最终成为学校拼写比赛的冠军。 搭配：spelling bee champion（拼字比赛冠军）、world champion（世界冠军）。 5. winner /ˈwɪnə(r)/ n. 获胜的人；优胜者 例句：She is the winner of the drawing competition; her work is very creative. 中文：她是绘画比赛的获胜者，她的作品非常有创意。 搭配：the winner of the contest（比赛获胜者）、prize winner（获奖者）。 6. praise /preɪz/ v./n. 表扬；赞扬 例句：The teacher praised her for her hard work and good grades. 中文：老师因她的努力和优异成绩表扬了她。 搭配：praise sb. for sth.（因某事表扬某人）、high praise（高度赞扬）。 7. mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n./v. 错误；失误 例句：Everyone may make mistakes, but we should face them bravely and correct them. 中文：每个人都可能犯错，但我们应该勇敢面对并改正它们。 搭配：make a mistake（犯错误）、correct a mistake（改正错误）、careless mistake（粗心的错误）。 8. truth /truːθ/ n. 真相；实情 例句：She finally told the truth about the missing book; she had borrowed it without asking. 中文：她最终说出了那本丢失书籍的真相，她未经询问就借走了它。 搭配：tell the truth（说实话）、the truth about sth.（关于某事的真相）、in truth（事实上）。 9. lie /laɪ/ n./v. 谎言；说谎 例句：He told a lie to avoid being punished, but he felt guilty soon after. 中文：他为了避免被惩罚而说谎，但不久后就感到内疚了。 搭配：tell a lie（说谎）、tell lies（复数）、a white lie（善意的谎言），过去式/过去分词：lied/lied。 10. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定；抉择 例句：Before making a decision, you should think carefully about the advantages and disadvantages. 中文：做决定之前，你应该仔细考虑优缺点。 搭配：make a decision（做决定）、a difficult decision（艰难的抉择）、final decision（最终决定）。 11. suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议；提议 例句：Can I make a suggestion? We should hold a party to celebrate our success. 中文：我能提个建议吗？我们应该举办一个派对来庆祝我们的成功。 搭配：a useful suggestion（有用的建议）、put forward suggestions（提出建议）、accept a suggestion（接受建议）。 12. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ n. 问题；困难 例句：I have trouble with my English listening; I can’t understand what the speaker says. 中文：我的英语听力有困难，我听不懂说话者说的内容。 搭配：have trouble (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难）、get into trouble（陷入麻烦）、deal with the trouble（处理麻烦）。 13. advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；意见 例句：The doctor gave me some advice on keeping healthy, such as exercising more and eating less junk food. 中文：医生给了我一些养生建议，比如多锻炼、少吃垃圾食品。 搭配：give advice（提建议）、take advice（采纳建议）、ask for advice（征求意见），不可数名词，“一条建议”用a piece of advice。 14. column /ˈkɒləm/ n. 专栏；栏目 例句：There is a new food column in our school newspaper; it introduces many delicious dishes. 中文：我们校报新开了一个美食专栏，它介绍了许多美味的菜肴。 搭配：a column in the newspaper（报纸上的专栏）、a travel column（旅游专栏）、write a column（写专栏）。 15. unlucky /ʌnˈlʌki/ adj. 不幸的 例句：He is an unlucky boy; he missed the last bus and had to walk home in the rain. 中文：他是一个不幸的男孩，他没赶上末班车，只好在雨中步行回家。 搭配：be unlucky to do sth.（不幸做某事）、unlucky for sb.（对某人来说不幸的是），派生词：unluckily（adv. 不幸地）。 16. copy /ˈkɒpi/ v./n. 抄袭；一本，一册 例句：It’s wrong to copy your classmate’s homework; you should finish it by yourself. 中文：抄同学的作业是不对的，你应该自己完成。 搭配：copy sth.（抄袭某物）、copy from sb.（从某人那里抄袭）、a copy of（一本/一份……），动词三单：copies，过去式：copied。 17. explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v. 解释；说明 例句：The teacher explained the new grammar rule clearly to the class, so everyone understood it. 中文：老师向全班清楚地解释了新语法规则，所以每个人都明白了。 搭配：explain sth. to sb.（向某人解释某事）、explain clearly（解释清楚），派生词：explanation（n. 解释）。 18. lend /lend/ v. 借给；借出 例句：Could you lend your pen to me? Mine is broken and I need to write something. 中文：你能把你的笔借我用用吗？我的坏了，我需要写点东西。 搭配：lend sth. to sb.（把某物借给某人）、lend money（借钱）、lend a hand（帮忙），三单：lends，过去式/过去分词：lent（不规则）。 19. accidentally /ˌæksɪˈdentəli/ adv. 意外地；偶然地 例句：She accidentally spilled juice on the sofa, and her mom had to clean it carefully. 中文：她不小心把果汁洒在沙发上，妈妈只好仔细清理。 搭配：accidentally + 动词（意外地做某事）、accidentally drop（意外掉落）、accidentally find（偶然发现），派生词：accident（n. 意外）。 20. spill /spɪl/ v. （使）洒出，泼出 例句：Be careful not to spill the hot soup on your hands; it’s very dangerous. 中文：小心别把热汤洒在手上，非常危险。 搭配：spill sth.（洒出某物）、spill on sth.（洒在某物上）、spill over（溢出），三单：spills，过去式/过去分词：spilt/spilled。 21. careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的 例句：He is always careless with his school things; he often forgets his notebook at home. 中文：他对学习用品总是丢三落四，经常把笔记本忘在家里。 搭配：be careless with sth.（对某物不小心）、careless mistakes（粗心的错误），派生词：carelessness（n. 粗心）。 22. accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；偶然的事 例句：No one was hurt in the car accident yesterday; it was a small one. 中文：昨天的车祸没人受伤，只是一场小意外。 搭配：have an accident（出意外）、by accident（偶然地）、car accident（车祸），复数：accidents。 23. another /əˈnʌðə(r)/ det. 又一；再一 例句：I need another cup of water; this one is cold. 中文：我还需要一杯水，这杯凉了。 搭配：another + 单数名词（又一个……）、another + 数词 + 复数名词（再几个……），如another two days（再两天）。 24. lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n. 一生；有生之年 例句：Traveling around the world is my lifetime dream; I hope to realize it one day. 中文：环游世界是我的毕生梦想，我希望有一天能实现它。 搭配：in one’s lifetime（在某人一生中）、a lifetime chance（一生一次的机会）、lifetime dream（毕生梦想），不可数名词。 25. fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔民；钓鱼的人 例句：The fisherman goes out to sea every early morning to catch fish for his family. 中文：渔民每天清晨出海，为家人捕鱼。 搭配：a professional fisherman（专业渔民）、go fishing with a fisherman（和渔民去钓鱼），复数：fishermen（不规则变化）。 26. practise /ˈpræktɪs/ v. 练习；训练（AmE practice） 例句：He practises playing basketball every afternoon; he wants to be a good player. 中文：他每天下午练习打篮球，他想成为一名优秀的球员。 搭配：practise doing sth.（练习做某事）、practise every day（每天练习）、practise piano（练习钢琴），三单：practises，过去式/过去分词：practised。 27. though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然；尽管 例句：Though he is young, he knows a lot about history and culture. 中文：虽然他年纪小，但他懂很多历史和文化知识。 用法：不与but连用，可置于主句前或句末，语气比even though弱。 28. disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ v. 消失；不见 例句：The little cat disappeared from the garden after we fed it; we looked for it everywhere. 中文：我们喂完小猫后，它就从花园里不见了，我们到处找它。 搭配：disappear from...（从……消失）、disappear suddenly（突然消失）、disappear into（消失在……中），派生词：disappearance（n. 消失）。 ( 词汇巩固训练 ) （一）根据汉语释义，写出英文单词、音标及词性（10题） 1. 诚实；诚信 __________ 2. 说谎；谎言 __________ 3. 建议；意见 __________ 4. 粗心的；不小心的 __________ 5. 意外；偶然的事 __________ 6. 练习；训练 __________ 7. 虽然；尽管 __________ 8. 消失；不见 __________ 9. 欺骗；蒙骗 __________ 10. 依照；根据 __________ （二）单项选择题（词义辨析 + 固定搭配，10题） 1. My teacher always tells us that ________ is the best policy, so we should be honest to everyone. ( ) A. kindness B. honesty C. happiness D. carefulness 2. He ________ to his parents because he didn’t finish his homework and was afraid of being punished. ( ) A. told a lie B. told the truth C. gave advice D. took advice 3. Can you give me some ________ on how to improve my English spelling? I often make mistakes. ( ) A. trouble B. decision C. advice D. suggestion 4. He made a lot of ________ mistakes in the math exam because he didn’t check his answers carefully. ( ) A. careful B. careless C. useful D. helpful 5. I met my primary school classmate ________ in the street yesterday; we hadn’t seen each other for five years. ( ) A. by accident B. on purpose C. as usual D. at once 6. She ________ her favorite book to me last week, and I promise to return it to her tomorrow. ( ) A. borrowed B. lent C. bought D. sold 7. ________ he is very busy, he still finds time to help his neighbors with their housework. ( ) A. Though B. Because C. So D. But 8. The little girl was very sad because her pet dog ________ suddenly and she couldn’t find it anywhere. ( ) A. appeared B. disappeared C. arrived D. left 9. It’s not right to ________ others’ homework; you should finish it by yourself and learn something. ( ) A. copy B. explain C. lend D. praise 10. ________ the weather report, it will be sunny tomorrow, so we can go for a picnic. ( ) A. According to B. Because of C. Thanks to D. Instead of （三）用所给单词的适当形式填空（词性转换专项，10题；考点以本单元词汇为主） 1. We should be ________ (honest) with our friends and never tell lies to them. 2. His ________ (kind) and honesty won him the respect of all his classmates. 3. She ________ (suggest) that we should hold a meeting to discuss the problem together. 4. He is a ________ (care) boy; he always makes careless mistakes in his homework. 5. ________ (unlucky), he missed the important exam because he got up late this morning. 6. She ________ (accidental) broke the glass when she was cleaning the table. 7. We need to do more ________ (practise) to improve our English speaking skills. 8. The teacher gave a clear ________ (explain) of the new word, so all students understood it. 9. He made a difficult ________ (decide) to give up his hobby and focus on his studies. 10. The ________ (disappear) of the little cat made the girl cry for a long time. （四）完成句子（固定搭配 + 句式运用，10题；需用到本单元核心词汇及短语） 1. 说实话，我在拼写长单词时总是有困难。(tell the truth, have trouble in doing sth.) ________________________________________________________________ 2. 老师建议我们每天练习读英语，这样能提高口语。(suggest, practise doing sth.) ________________________________________________________________ 3. 他不小心把牛奶洒在了作业本上，只好重新写。(accidentally, spill...on...) ________________________________________________________________ 4. 尽管他很累，还是坚持帮我解释了这道难题。(even though, explain sth. to sb.) ________________________________________________________________ 5. 我能向你借一支笔吗？我的笔不见了。(lend sth. to sb., disappear) ________________________________________________________________ 6. 不要抄袭别人的作业，这是不诚实的行为。(copy, honest) ________________________________________________________________ 7. 他一生都在努力工作，赢得了所有人的尊重。(in one’s lifetime, win respect) ________________________________________________________________ 8. 根据天气预报，明天会下雨，我们需要带伞。(according to) ________________________________________________________________ 9. 她因为犯了粗心的错误，在考试中丢了很多分。(careless mistakes, lose points) ________________________________________________________________ 10. 请再给我一次机会，我会努力做到最好。(another chance, try one’s best) ________________________________________________________________ （五）短文填空（综合运用，1篇；10个空，均为单元核心词汇） 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺。（每个单词只能用一次） （方框词汇：honest, mistake, advice, trouble, explain, lend, accidentally, disappear, though, practise） Tom is an ________ (1) boy who always tells the truth. One day, he had ________ (2) with his English homework—he couldn’t spell a long word. He went to ask his classmate Lily for help. Lily ________ (3) the word to him patiently and ________ (4) him her notebook to copy the spelling. However, Tom ________ (5) spilled water on Lily’s notebook. He felt very sorry and told Lily the truth at once. ________ (6) Lily was a little upset, she forgave Tom because he was honest. She also gave Tom some ________ (7): “You should ________ (8) spelling every day, and you will make fewer ________ (9).” Tom followed her advice. A few days later, the difficult word didn’t ________ (10) from his memory anymore. He was very grateful to Lily for her help and kindness. 参考答案及解析 （一）根据汉语释义，写出英文单词、音标及词性 1. 诚实；诚信 honesty /ˈɒnɪsti/ n. 2. 说谎；谎言 lie /laɪ/ n./v. 3. 建议；意见 advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 4. 粗心的；不小心的 careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 5. 意外；偶然的事 accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 6. 练习；训练 practise /ˈpræktɪs/ v.（AmE practice） 7. 虽然；尽管 though /ðəʊ/ conj. 8. 消失；不见 disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ v. 9. 欺骗；蒙骗 cheat /tʃiːt/ v. 10. 依照；根据 according to /əˈkɔːdɪŋ tu/ phr. （二）单项选择题 1. B 解析：句意“老师总是告诉我们诚实为上策，所以我们应该对每个人诚实”。kindness（善良）、honesty（诚实）、happiness（幸福）、carefulness（细心），结合句意及单元核心短语“honesty is the best policy”，选B。 2. A 解析：句意“他对父母说谎，因为他没完成作业，害怕被惩罚”。tell a lie（说谎）、tell the truth（说实话）、give advice（提建议）、take advice（采纳建议），结合“afraid of being punished”，选A。 3. C 解析：句意“你能给我一些如何提高英语拼写的建议吗？我经常犯错”。trouble（困难）、decision（决定）、advice（建议，不可数）、suggestion（建议，可数），some后接不可数名词或可数名词复数，选C。 4. B 解析：句意“他在数学考试中犯了很多粗心的错误，因为他没有仔细检查答案”。careful（细心的）、careless（粗心的）、useful（有用的）、helpful（有帮助的），结合“didn’t check carefully”，选B。 5. A 解析：句意“我昨天在街上偶然遇到了我的小学同学，我们已经五年没见了”。by accident（偶然地）、on purpose（故意地）、as usual（像往常一样）、at once（立刻），结合句意，选A。 6. B 解析：句意“她上周把她最喜欢的书借给了我，我保证明天还给她”。borrow（借入）、lend（借出）、buy（买）、sell（卖），结合“return it to her”，选B。 7. A 解析：句意“尽管他很忙，他仍然抽出时间帮邻居做家务”。though（尽管）、because（因为）、so（所以）、but（但是），though不与but连用，结合句意，选A。 8. B 解析：句意“小女孩很伤心，因为她的宠物狗突然不见了，她到处都找不到”。appear（出现）、disappear（消失）、arrive（到达）、leave（离开），结合“couldn’t find it”，选B。 9. A 解析：句意“抄别人的作业是不对的，你应该自己完成并学到东西”。copy（抄袭）、explain（解释）、lend（借出）、praise（表扬），结合句意，选A。 10. A 解析：句意“根据天气预报，明天会是晴天，所以我们可以去野餐”。according to（根据）、because of（因为）、thanks to（多亏）、instead of（代替），结合句意，选A。 （三）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. honest 解析：be后接形容词，honest（诚实的）为形容词原级，符合句意。 2. kindness 解析：形容词性物主代词his后接名词，kind的名词形式为kindness（善良）。 3. suggested 解析：主语she为第三人称单数，结合句意，此处用一般过去时，suggest的过去式为suggested。 4. careless 解析：此处需形容词修饰名词boy，结合“makes careless mistakes”，填careless（粗心的）。 5. Unluckily 解析：此处需副词修饰整个句子，unlucky的副词形式为unluckily，句首首字母大写。 6. accidentally 解析：此处需副词修饰动词broke，accidental的副词形式为accidentally。 7. practice 解析：more后接名词，practise的名词形式为practice（练习）。 8. explanation 解析：形容词clear后接名词，explain的名词形式为explanation（解释）。 9. decision 解析：形容词difficult后接名词，decide的名词形式为decision（决定）。 10. disappearance 解析：定冠词the后接名词，disappear的名词形式为disappearance（消失）。 （四）完成句子（答案不唯一，合理即可） 1. To tell the truth, I always have trouble in spelling long words. 2. The teacher suggested that we should practise reading English every day to improve our spoken English. 3. He accidentally spilled milk on his exercise book and had to write it again. 4. Even though he was very tired, he still insisted on explaining the difficult problem to me. 5. Can you lend a pen to me? My pen has disappeared. 6. Don’t copy others’ homework; it is dishonest. 7. He worked hard all his life and won the respect of everyone. 8. According to the weather report, it will rain tomorrow, so we need to take an umbrella. 9. She lost a lot of points in the exam because she made careless mistakes. 10. Please give me another chance; I will try my best to do it well. （五）短文填空 1. honest 2. trouble 3. explained 4. lent 5. accidentally 6. Though 7. advice 8. practise 9. mistakes 10. disappear 解析：1. 修饰名词boy，用形容词honest，结合“tells the truth”；2. 固定搭配have trouble with sth.（在某事上有困难）；3. 结合语境，用一般过去时explained（解释）；4. 固定搭配lend sth. to sb.，过去式为lent；5. 修饰动词spilled，用副词accidentally；6. 引导让步状语从句，用though（尽管）；7. 固定搭配give some advice（提一些建议）；8. 情态动词should后接动词原形practise；9. 固定搭配make mistakes（犯错误），fewer后接复数；10. 情态动词didn’t后接动词原形disappear。 ( 背默清单 ) （一）核心名词 单词 音标 释义 单词 音标 释义 honesty /ˈɒnɪsti/ 诚实；诚信 champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ 冠军；第一名 winner /ˈwɪnə(r)/ 获胜的人；优胜者 praise /preɪz/ 表扬；赞扬（n.） mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ （言语或行为上的）错误，失误 truth /truːθ/ 真相；实情；事实；真实情况 lie /laɪ/ 谎言；谎话 decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ 决定；抉择 suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ 建议；提议 trouble /ˈtrʌbl/ 问题；困难 advice /ədˈvaɪs/ 建议；意见 column /ˈkɒləm/ 专栏；栏目 copy /ˈkɒpi/ 复印件；副本；复制品 accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ 意外；偶然的事 lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ 一生；终身；有生之年 bass /bæs/ 巴斯鱼；鲈鱼 fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ 渔民；钓鱼的人 island /ˈaɪlənd/ 岛 bait /beɪt/ 鱼饵；诱饵 pole /pəʊl/ 杆子；棍；杖；钓竿 end /end/ 结局；结尾；尽头 hook /hʊk/ 钩；钓钩；鱼钩 lip /lɪp/ 嘴唇 village /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/ 村庄；村镇 tear /teə(r)/ /tɪə(r)/ 眼泪；泪珠；泪水 cheat /tʃiːt/ 欺骗；蒙骗（n.）；欺骗手段 （二）核心动词 单词 音标 释义 单词 音标 释义 spell /spel/ 拼写；用字母拼写 praise /preɪz/ 表扬；赞扬；称赞 explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ 解释；说明 lend /lend/ 借给；借出 spill /spɪl/ （使）洒出，泼出，溢出 tie /taɪ/ 系；拴 practise (AmE practice) /ˈpræktɪs/ 练习；训练 cast /kɑːst/ 投（钓线）；抛（钓钩） double /ˈdʌbl/ 把……对折；折叠 lift /lɪft/ 举起；抬起 lower /ˈləʊə(r)/ 把……放低；使……降下 disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ 消失；不见 cheat /tʃiːt/ 欺骗；蒙骗 win /wɪn/ 赢；获胜 decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ 决定 suggest /səˈdʒest/ 建议；暗示 advise /ədˈvaɪz/ 建议；劝告 copy /ˈkɒpi/ 抄袭；复制 fish /fɪʃ/ 钓鱼 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ 误会；误解；看错 （三）核心形容词 单词 音标 释义 单词 音标 释义 honest /ˈɒnɪst/ 诚实的；老实的 careless /ˈkeələs/ 不小心的；不仔细的；粗心的 handsome /ˈhænsəm/ 美观的；悦目的；英俊的 true /truː/ 真实的 unlucky /ʌnˈlʌki/ 不幸的 lucky /ˈlʌki/ 幸运的 accidental /ˌæksɪˈdentl/ 意外的；偶然的 careful /ˈkeəfl/ 小心的；仔细的 decisive /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ 决定性的 suggestive /səˈdʒestɪv/ 示意的；暗示的 truthful /ˈtruːθfl/ 诚实的；真实的 cheating /ˈtʃiːtɪŋ/ 欺骗性的 troublesome /ˈtrʌblsəm/ 麻烦的；讨厌的 practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ 实际的 endless /ˈendləs/ 无尽的；无限的 hooked /hʊkt/ 钩状的；着迷的 tearful /ˈtɪəfl/ 含泪的；哭泣的 sincere /sɪnˈsɪə(r)/ 真诚的；诚挚的 guilty /ˈɡɪlti/ 内疚的；有罪的 valuable /ˈvæljuəbl/ 有价值的；贵重的 （四）核心短语 短语 中文 短语 中文 honesty is the best policy 诚实为上策 by mistake 错误地，意外地 blame her sister 责怪她的妹妹 offer to replace it 提出替换它 copy an article from the Internet 从互联网上抄一篇文章 the poster on the noticeboard 公告板上的海报 the next champion 下一个冠军 praise sb. for sth. 因某事表扬某人 in a bit of trouble 遇到了一点麻烦 seems to have found an answer 似乎已经找到了一个答案 find out 查明 make it right 纠正它，弥补 deal with trouble 处理麻烦 spill a lot of water on it 在上面洒了很多水 a square promise 一个郑重的承诺 spread kindness 传播善意 stand straight 站直 at a street crossing 在一个十字路口 be strict with 对……严格 all year round 全年 double over 弯腰，弯曲 the largest one he had ever seen 他见过的最大的一条 light a match 点燃一根火柴 as... as... 像……一样的 not as big as this one 没有这条大 look around 环顾四周 work out 解决(问题) even though 尽管；虽然 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 according to 依照；根据 according to the given part 根据给定的部分 take place 发生，举行 at the foot of a mountain 在山脚下 several hours later 几个小时后 cheat us for the money 为了钱欺骗我们 at that moment 就在那时 promise to do sth. 承诺去做某事 buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 go over a mountain 翻过一座山 on his way back 在他回来的路上 hurt one’s leg 伤到腿 tell the truth 说实话 tell a lie 说谎 make a mistake 犯错误 correct a mistake 改正错误 make a decision 做决定 make a suggestion 提出建议 take one’s advice 采纳某人的建议 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 by accident 偶然地 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 practise doing sth. 练习做某事 cast the line 投钓线 lower the voice 压低声音 disappear from 从……消失 apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 feel guilty about 对……感到内疚 a white lie 善意的谎言 admit one’s mistake 承认错误 win the trust 赢得信任 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $