Unit 5 课时2 Understanding ideas（Reading Ⅱ）（分层作业）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

Unit 5 Looking into nature 课时2 Understanding ideas（Reading Ⅱ） 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 newspaper /ˈnjuːzpeɪpə/n. 报 (纸) writing /ˈraɪtɪŋ/n. 写作，著书 style /staɪl/n. 风格 method /ˈmeθəd/n. 方法，办法 text /tekst/n. 文字材料 alive /əˈlaɪv/adj. 有活力的，有生气的 argument /ˈɑːɡjumənt/n. 论点，论据 board /bɔːd/n. 布告牌，公告牌 model /ˈmɒdl/n. 模型 planet /ˈplænɪt/n. 行星 clear /klɪə/v. 清除；清理 upload /ˌʌpˈləʊd/v. 上载，上传 whale /weɪl/n. 鲸 短语 be interested in对......感兴趣 solar system 太阳系 in one's/the way碍,挡着......的路 词形变化 writing n.写作,著书-write v.写;写作 argument n.论点,论据-argue v.争论 upload v.上载,上传-反义词:download v.下载 一、单词默写。 __________ /ˈnjuːzpeɪpə/n. 报 (纸) __________ /ˈraɪtɪŋ/n. 写作，著书 __________ /staɪl/n. 风格 __________ /ˈmeθəd/n. 方法，办法 __________ /tekst/n. 文字材料 __________ /əˈlaɪv/adj. 有活力的，有生气的 __________ /ˈɑːɡjumənt/n. 论点，论据 __________ /bɔːd/n. 布告牌，公告牌 __________ /ˈmɒdl/n. 模型 __________ /ˈplænɪt/n. 行星 __________ /klɪə/v. 清除；清理 __________ /ˌʌpˈləʊd/v. 上载，上传 __________ /weɪl/n. 鲸 答案 newspaper writing style method text alive argument board model planet clear upload whale 二、词组默写。 __________ 对...... 感兴趣　　 　__________ 太阳系 __________ 碍，挡着...... 的路 答案： be interested in　solar system　in one's/the way 一、完成句子 1．谁知道这块琥珀是否还会告诉我们更多的秘密呢？ Who knows ________ this piece of amber will tell us ________ ________ . 【答案】 whether more secrets 【详解】原句中的“是否”和“更多的秘密”是关键词，表示“是否”用whether，表示“更多的秘密”用more secrets。 2．琥珀就像一扇通往过去的窗，帮助我们了解久远的世界。 Amber is like a ________, helping us understand the world long ago. 【答案】window on the past 【详解】原句中的关键词为“通往过去的窗”，a window on the past是英语中常见的固定比喻表达，意思是“通往过去的一扇窗”，故填window on the past。 3．科学家们对古代物种有了惊人的发现。 The scientists made ________ ________ ________ about ancient species. 【答案】 an amazing discovery 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“惊人的发现”的表达。“惊人的”译为“amazing”；“发现”译为“discovery”，可数名词；“amazing”以元音音素开头，前面需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an；amazing；discovery。 4．他们想知道这个博物馆周末是否开放。 They ________ ________  the museum is open on weekends. 【答案】 wonder if/whether 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表示“想知道”且后面接宾语从句，用动词“wonder”；同时需要一个词来引导宾语从句表示“是否”，用“if”或“whether”。故填wonder；if/whether。 5．这种制作纸花的新方法比旧方法简单，连新手都能很快学会。 This new ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ is easier than the old one—even beginners can learn it quickly. 【答案】 method of making paper flowers 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“制作纸花的方法”这一核心短语。“方法”对应的英文为method，是可数名词，空前有“This new”修饰，故用单数形式method；“制作纸花”需用介词of连接名词method，构成the method of doing sth这一固定短语，“制作”用动词make，其动名词形式为making，“纸花”对应的英文为paper flowers，常用复数形式表示泛指。故填method；of；making；paper；flowers。 6．关于达人秀很好的一点是它们给了人们一个实现梦想的方法。 One great thing about talent shows is that they give people ______ ______ ______ make their dreams come true. 【答案】 a way/method to 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空格处表示“一个……的方法”，可以用固定搭配“a way/method to do sth.”表示。故填a；way/method；to。 7．这两个男孩正在争论。 The two boys are ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 making an argument 【详解】make an argument“争论”，根据“正在争论”可知，此处时态是现在进行时，其谓语动词结构为“be动词+现在分词”，空前已有are。故填making；an；argument。 8．布鲁斯, 你得挪一挪, 你挡路了。 Bruce, you’ll have to move. You are ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 in the way 【详解】根据句意，本题需翻译“挡路”，即短语“in the way”，故填in；the；way。 9．去年他对数学根本不感兴趣。 He wasn’t ________ ________ math at all last year. 【答案】 interested in 【详解】原句关键是“对……感兴趣”，对应的英语固定短语是be interested in，句子为一般过去时的否定句。 10．我告诉过我爸爸我们正在学习太阳系。 I told my father ________ we ________ ________ the ________ ________. 【答案】 that were studying solar system 【详解】根据中英文对照，①处缺引导宾语从句的连接词“that”；②③处缺“正在学习”，“学习”的英文是“study”，结合主句时态“told”，宾语从句用过去进行时，结构为 “was/were+现在分词”，主语“we”是复数，所以用“were studying”；④⑤处缺“太阳系”，英文是“solar system”。故填that；were；studying；solar；system。 一、完形填空 Seeing someone walking on a cloud might sound like a dream. But this is the 1 sight in Salar de Uyuni, a beautiful place in Bolivia, South America. It’s the world’s largest salt flat（盐沼）and 2 its amazing “sky mirror” sight. Salar de Uyuni 3 high in the Andes Mountains, more than 3, 000 metres above sea level. About 40, 000 years ago, a large lake 4 here and dried up later. It then became a 5 salt area of 10, 500 square kilometres. For most of the year, the ground is hard and white. When 6 comes in certain seasons, a little water covers the salt flat. The water is very calm, so it 7 a big mirror. Though the salt flat seems lifeless, it is 8 to some animals. Flamingos（火烈鸟）fly here every year to breed（繁殖）, and small animals live on rocky islands across the salt sea. This special place gives visitors a great 9 With its fantastic scenery, Salar de Uyuni is truly one of the most wonderful natural 10 on Earth. 1．A．real B．easy C．impossible D．single 2．A．hard on B．interested in C．famous for D．strict with 3．A．achieves B．pushes C．chats D．sits 4．A．dealt B．formed C．allowed D．solved 5．A．tiny B．huge C．short D．high 6．A．cloud B．wind C．snow D．rain 7．A．gives up B．takes away C．looks like D．suffers from 8．A．stage B．home C．stress D．virus 9．A．experience B．example C．emergency D．emotion 10．A．brightness B．industries C．wonders D．difficulties 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了南美洲玻利维亚的乌尤尼盐沼。文章讲述了它的形成过程、特殊景观以及作为动物栖息地的重要性，展现了这一自然奇观的独特魅力。 1．句意：但这就是位于南美洲玻利维亚一个美丽的地方乌尤尼盐沼的真实的景象。 前文提到 “在云上行走听起来像一场梦”，空后由转折词But引出，说明此处景象与前文 “梦” 形成反差。real“真实的”符合。easy“容易的”、impossible“不可能的”、single“单一的”均不符合语境。 2．句意：它是世界上最大的盐沼，并以令人惊叹的 “天空之镜” 景观而闻名。 固定搭配be famous for表示 “因⋯⋯而闻名”，符合文意。hard on“对⋯⋯严厉”、interested in“对⋯⋯感兴趣”、strict with“对⋯⋯严格”均与语境不符。 3．句意：乌尤尼盐沼位于安第斯山脉的高处，海拔超过3000米。 句子描述盐沼的地理位置，sits在此处表示 “坐落、位于”，符合自然景观的描述习惯。achieves“实现”、pushes“推动”、chats“聊天”均与文意无关。 4．句意：大约4万年前，这里形成了一个大湖，后来干涸了。 后文提到 “后来干涸了”，说明这里最初形成了湖泊，formed表示 “形成”，符合地质演变的逻辑。dealt“处理”、allowed“允许”、solved“解决”均不符合语境。 5．句意：后来它变成了一片面积达10500平方公里的巨大盐区。 前文提到 “世界上最大的盐沼”，10500平方公里的面积也体现了它的规模大，huge表示 “巨大的”符合语义。high“高的”用来描述高度，与 “面积大” 的描述不符。 6．句意：在某些季节，当雨水来临时，少量的水会覆盖盐沼。 从本句的“少量的水会覆盖盐沼”和下句的“水面平静如镜”可知，只有降水才能让盐沼形成积水，rain表示 “雨水”，符合语境。snow“雪”无法形成覆盖盐沼的水面。 7．句意：水面非常平静，所以它看起来像一面巨大的镜子。 前文提到 “天空之镜”，平静的水面会像镜子一样反射天空，looks like表示 “看起来像”，符合描述。gives up“放弃”、takes away“带走”、suffers from“遭受”均与文意无关。 8．句意：虽然盐沼看起来毫无生机，但它却是一些动物的家园。 后文提到火烈鸟来这里繁殖、小型动物生活在盐海的岩石岛上，说明这里是动物的栖息地，固定搭配be home to表示 “是…… 的家园”，符合此处含义。stage“舞台”、stress“压力”、virus“病毒”均不合语境。 9．句意：这个特别的地方给游客带来了很棒的体验。 游客来到乌尤尼盐沼，可以获得独特的观赏体验，experience表示 “体验、经历”，符合场景描述。若用emotion“情绪”，则与本句中描述游客体验、经历的语义不符。 10．句意：凭借它奇妙的风景，乌尤尼盐沼确实是地球上最奇妙的自然奇观之一。 前文介绍了乌尤尼盐沼的独特景观和地位，natural wonders表示 “自然奇观”，呼应文章主题。若用brightness“明亮”、industries“工业”、difficulties“困难”均不合语境。 二、阅读理解 A In a recent discovery, archaeologists (考古学家) found the ruins (废墟) of an important ancient city! These ruins, found in Baliqiao, Henan, are about 3,700 years old. They are from the Xia Dynasty, which is the earliest known dynasty in China. This discovery helps fill in some pieces of history and helps us see the bigger picture of the Xia Dynasty.   The Baliqiao ruins are large, covering about 1.35 million square metres. So far, archaeologists have dug up around 1,800 square metres since they started their work in 2022. They found many interesting things, like walls, roads, and even pottery (陶器), which show that people there were skilled and had a rich culture.   What makes the Baliqiao ruins even more exciting is its connection to another place called the Erlitou ruins, which people discovered in 1959 and are known for helping us understand the early days of China. Researchers believe that the culture of the Xia Dynasty spread far and wide, including Baliqiao. Liang Fawei, an archaeologist, explained that the objects found at both places are very alike, showing the influence (影响) of the Xia Dynasty on  the Baliqiao area.   Nowadays, as researchers continue to dig at the Baliqiao ruins, we can look forward to more treasures from the past. They may help us understand how ancient people lived, what they believed in, and how the Xia Dynasty shaped early China. With each new find, they’re piecing together the story of ancient China. 1．Which of the following words can we use to describe the Baliqiao ruins? ①Old.    ②Cool.    ③Simple.    ④Important. A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④ 2．How does the writer show that the Baliqiao ruins are large? A．By telling stories. B．By using numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By showing pictures. 3．What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Baliqiao ruins. B．The Erlitou ruins. C．The culture of the Baliqiao ruins. D．The connection to the Erlitou ruins. 4．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To show an important discovery. B．To make an amazing connection. C．To introduce an interesting city in China. D．To remember an ancient period in history. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了考古学家在河南八里桥发现的距今约3700年的夏朝古城遗址这一重要考古发现，介绍了遗址的规模、出土遗存、它与二里头遗址的联系，以及该发现对研究夏朝历史的重要意义。 1．第一段“These ruins, found in Baliqiao, Henan, are about 3,700 years old...This discovery helps fill in some pieces of history and helps us see the bigger picture of the Xia Dynasty.”，遗址符合“Old”和“Important”的描述，因此①④正确。 2．第二段“The Baliqiao ruins are large, covering about 1.35 million square metres. So far, archaeologists have dug up around 1,800 square metres since they started their work in 2022.”，作者通过列举具体数字说明遗址规模大。 3．第三段“What makes the Baliqiao ruins even more exciting is its connection to another place called the Erlitou ruins, which people discovered in 1959 and are known for helping us understand the early days of China.”，本句中非限制性定语从句就近修饰前文核心名词the Erlitou ruins，即二里头遗址，因此which指代二里头遗址。 4．开篇点明主题“In a recent discovery, archaeologists found the ruins of an important ancient city!”，全文围绕这一重要考古发现展开介绍，因此作者的写作目的是展示这一重要发现。 B Jane Goodall is a famous scientist. For more than 40 years, Goodall lived mostly in Tanzania in East Africa, studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩). As a young child, Jane Goodall was interested in animals. She grew up in the English countryside and was always climbing trees or riding horses. When Jane was 23, she got a chance to go to Africa. Even though she had never been to college, she got a job with a famous scientist named Louis Leakey. One day Louis Leakey said he needed a volunteer. He needed someone to go to a lake in Tanzania to study a kind of chimpanzee. Jane was excited. On July 16, 1960, she began her exploration (探索). At first, the chimpanzees ran away from Jane. But with time passing, they got used to her being around. Every day, Jane would follow the chimpanzees, taking notes on their behavior. She learned many new things about chimpanzees. She watched how a chimpanzee made a tool. She learned how some chimpanzees became good leaders. She watched how mother chimpanzees raised their children. She watched animals get angry and get upset. She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did. She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are “saying”.​ 1．What is the best title of the passage? A．Jane Goodall’s College Life B．Jane Goodall’s Family C．Jane Goodall, a Famous Scientist D．Jane Goodall and Louis Leakey 2．What is the correct order of the following according to the passage? a. Jane went to Africa. b. Jane started her exploration. c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey. d. Jane was born in the countryside. e. Jane followed chimpanzees. A．d—a—e—b—c B．b—a—c—d—e C．a—d—c—b—e D．d—a—c—b—e 3．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Give in. B．Set off. C．Bring up. D．Put up. 4．Jane ________ the chimpanzees’ behavior to help others understand them. A．wrote down B．took pictures of C．made videos of D．drew pictures about 5．From the passage we can infer (推断) that ________. A．mother chimpanzees raise their children B．people can communicate with animals C．animals don’t get excited D．chimpanzees make tools 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名科学家珍·古道尔的生平，讲述了她从小对动物的热爱、前往非洲的经历，以及在坦桑尼亚研究黑猩猩的过程与发现。 1．全文围绕著名科学家珍·古道尔研究黑猩猩的生平经历展开，核心就是介绍这位著名科学家。 2．根据文章内容，事件顺序为：d. Jane was born in the countryside.（第二段）→ a. Jane went to Africa.（第三段）→ c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey.（第三段）→ b. Jane started her exploration.（第五段）→ e. Jane followed chimpanzees.（第六段），对应顺序为 d—a—c—b—e。 3．文中“raised their children”指母黑猩猩抚养幼崽，“raise”在此意为“养育、抚养”，与“bring up”同义。 4．根据最后一段“She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did.”，珍·古道尔将黑猩猩的行为记录下来，帮助他人了解它们。 5．根据最后一段“She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are ‘saying’.”，可推断人们通过细致观察可以理解动物的行为，与它们沟通。 三、六选五 Do you know the “lost city”—Atlantis? Some people say it was an ancient civilization that disappeared into the sea. 1 And perhaps they still live here (“mer” is the French word for “ocean”). Do you think Atlantis is a real place? Do you think it still remains on the ocean floor somewhere? Many people now believe that there is a place on Earth that has the connection with the famous story of Atlantis. It is a small island called Santorini (圣托里尼). Santorini is an island of wonderful beauty. 2 At the other end of the island, it becomes very tall and has high, sharp cliffs. When you stand on the high places and look out, you can see another smaller island. This island’s unusual shape is special because the island had a huge volcano (火山) on it. 3 Experts have found something meaningful from an ancient town on Santorini. Every year, thousands of tourists come here to see the old culture. There are many walls and steps of ancient buildings. 4 Maybe these things are signs of Atlantis. They remind us that people lived on this lovely island many years ago. 5 But one thing is sure: this beautiful island has a long and amazing history. It tells us that the past is always full of stories. And we can still learn a lot from them today. A．It has lovely beaches at one end. B．But what do you know about Atlantis? C．If you go there, you can enjoy them by yourself. D．It broke the island into many parts when it broke out. E．No one knows for sure if Santorini is the real Atlantis. F．Others say it was a place where real-life “merpeople” lived. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文围绕传说中的“失落之城”亚特兰蒂斯展开，探讨了其可能的真实地点——圣托里尼岛，并描述了该岛的自然风光和历史遗迹。 1．空格前一句提到了“亚特兰蒂斯消失在海中”，空格后一句提到了“merpeople”的来源。选项F“Others say it was a place where real-life ‘merpeople’ lived.”起到了承上启下的作用，既承接了上文关于亚特兰蒂斯居民去向的猜测，又引出了下文关于“mer”这个词的解释。 2．空格后一句提到了“At the other end of the island”，这暗示了空格处应该是在描述岛的一端。选项A“It has lovely beaches at one end.”与后文形成了完美的对应关系。 3．空格前一句提到了“huge volcano”。选项D“It broke the island into many parts when breaking out.”中的“It”指代的就是前文的“volcano”，并且解释了火山爆发对岛屿形状的影响，逻辑通顺。 4．空格前一句提到了游客可以看到“walls and steps of ancient buildings”。选项C“If you go there, you can enjoy them by yourself.”中的“them”指代的就是前文提到的古迹，鼓励读者亲自去体验。 5．空格后一句以“But”开头，表示转折，意为“但有一件事是肯定的……”。这说明空格处应该是一个表示“不确定”或“未知”的句子。选项E“No one knows for sure if Santorini is the real Atlantis.”正好表达了这种不确定性，与后文的转折关系相符。 四、任务型阅读 What makes humans special? For a long time, people believed humans were different from all animals. They thought only humans could make tools and have real conversations. Then came Jane Goodall. As a child, Jane loved watching animals in her garden. She would sit for hours observing (观察) how birds built nests and squirrels collected food. This early love for nature stayed with her. At the age of 23, she went to Africa for the first time to realize her dream. Though she never went to university, she learnt much about animals from books. With help from scientist Louis Leakey, Jane began studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩) in Gombe forest. Her study method was different from that of other scientists—she gave the chimpanzees names like David Greybeard and Flo, treating them as individuals (个体). For months, the chimpanzees ran away when they saw her. But Jane stayed patient, watching from a distance every day. Jane’s patience brought amazing discoveries. She discovered that humans aren’t the only animals who use tools. She saw David Greybeard use a grass stem to catch termites (白蚁)—the first proof that animals could make and use tools. She also discovered that chimpanzees feel emotions and have families, having seen them hug when sad, hold hands, or have their mothers teach them to find food. Later Jane realized that studying animals wasn’t enough to protect them. She saw forests getting smaller and chimpanzees becoming fewer. So she started traveling worldwide, speaking to governments, schools, and communities. She told everyone that we must protect forests and the animals living in them. In 1991, Jane created Roots & Shoots to help young people make a difference. Students in this program clean up parks, plant trees, and help animals in their communities. One group in Tanzania built a safe place for birds. Another in Canada raised money to protect bear habitats (栖息地). Though Jane passed away recently, her work continues. She taught us that every person—including you and me—can help make our world better. As she often said, “Every day, each of us can make a difference.” 1．When did Jane go to Africa for the first time? _______________________________________________ 2．How was Jane’s way of studying chimpanzees different from that of other scientists? _______________________________________________ 3．What were Jane’s discoveries about chimpanzees? _______________________________________________ 4．What did Jane create in 1991? _______________________________________________ 5．Why do people see Jane Goodall as a great scientist? Please list two reasons based on the passage. _______________________________________________ 【答案】1．At the age of 23. 2．She gave the chimpanzees names and treated them as individuals. 3．She discovered that chimpanzees could use tools and they could feel emotions and have families. 4．She created Roots & Shoots in 1991. 5．One reason is that she made amazing discoveries about chimpanzees. Another reason is that she worked hard to protect forests and animals. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了动物学家珍・古道尔的生平与成就。她深入非洲研究黑猩猩，做出了重大发现，还发起环保行动，影响了无数人。 1．根据“At the age of 23, she went to Africa for the first time to realize her dream.”可知，珍・古道尔第一次去非洲是在23岁时。故填At the age of 23. 2．根据“Her study method was different from that of other scientists—she gave the chimpanzees names like David Greybeard and Flo, treating them as individuals.”可知，她给黑猩猩起名字，并将它们当作独立的个体来对待。故填She gave the chimpanzees names and treated them as individuals. 3．根据“She discovered that humans aren’t the only animals who use tools... She also discovered that chimpanzees feel emotions and have families…”可知，她发现黑猩猩会使用工具，也能感受情绪、拥有家庭。故填She discovered that chimpanzees could use tools and they could feel emotions and have families. 4．根据“In 1991, Jane created Roots & Shoots to help young people make a difference.”可知，珍・古道尔在1991年创立了“根与芽”项目。故填She created Roots & Shoots in 1991. 5．根据全文内容，她被视为伟大科学家的原因包括：一是她对黑猩猩有惊人的发现，二是她致力于保护森林和动物，还发起了环保项目影响年轻人。故填One reason is that she made amazing discoveries about chimpanzees. Another reason is that she worked hard to protect forests and animals. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Looking into nature 课时2 Understanding ideas（Reading Ⅱ） 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 newspaper /ˈnjuːzpeɪpə/n. 报 (纸) writing /ˈraɪtɪŋ/n. 写作，著书 style /staɪl/n. 风格 method /ˈmeθəd/n. 方法，办法 text /tekst/n. 文字材料 alive /əˈlaɪv/adj. 有活力的，有生气的 argument /ˈɑːɡjumənt/n. 论点，论据 board /bɔːd/n. 布告牌，公告牌 model /ˈmɒdl/n. 模型 planet /ˈplænɪt/n. 行星 clear /klɪə/v. 清除；清理 upload /ˌʌpˈləʊd/v. 上载，上传 whale /weɪl/n. 鲸 短语 be interested in对......感兴趣 solar system 太阳系 in one's/the way碍,挡着......的路 词形变化 writing n.写作,著书-write v.写;写作 argument n.论点,论据-argue v.争论 upload v.上载,上传-反义词:download v.下载 一、单词默写。 __________ /ˈnjuːzpeɪpə/n. 报 (纸) __________ /ˈraɪtɪŋ/n. 写作，著书 __________ /staɪl/n. 风格 __________ /ˈmeθəd/n. 方法，办法 __________ /tekst/n. 文字材料 __________ /əˈlaɪv/adj. 有活力的，有生气的 __________ /ˈɑːɡjumənt/n. 论点，论据 __________ /bɔːd/n. 布告牌，公告牌 __________ /ˈmɒdl/n. 模型 __________ /ˈplænɪt/n. 行星 __________ /klɪə/v. 清除；清理 __________ /ˌʌpˈləʊd/v. 上载，上传 __________ /weɪl/n. 鲸 二、词组默写。 __________ 对...... 感兴趣　　 　__________ 太阳系 __________ 碍，挡着...... 的路 一、完成句子 1．谁知道这块琥珀是否还会告诉我们更多的秘密呢？ Who knows ________ this piece of amber will tell us ________ ________ . 2．琥珀就像一扇通往过去的窗，帮助我们了解久远的世界。 Amber is like a ________, helping us understand the world long ago. 3．科学家们对古代物种有了惊人的发现。 The scientists made ________ ________ ________ about ancient species. 4．他们想知道这个博物馆周末是否开放。 They ________ ________  the museum is open on weekends. 5．这种制作纸花的新方法比旧方法简单，连新手都能很快学会。 This new ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ is easier than the old one—even beginners can learn it quickly. 6．关于达人秀很好的一点是它们给了人们一个实现梦想的方法。 One great thing about talent shows is that they give people ______ ______ ______ make their dreams come true. 7．这两个男孩正在争论。 The two boys are ________ ________ ________. 8．布鲁斯, 你得挪一挪, 你挡路了。 Bruce, you’ll have to move. You are ________ ________ ________. 9．去年他对数学根本不感兴趣。 He wasn’t ________ ________ math at all last year. 10．我告诉过我爸爸我们正在学习太阳系。 I told my father ________ we ________ ________ the ________ ________. 一、完形填空 Seeing someone walking on a cloud might sound like a dream. But this is the 1 sight in Salar de Uyuni, a beautiful place in Bolivia, South America. It’s the world’s largest salt flat（盐沼）and 2 its amazing “sky mirror” sight. Salar de Uyuni 3 high in the Andes Mountains, more than 3, 000 metres above sea level. About 40, 000 years ago, a large lake 4 here and dried up later. It then became a 5 salt area of 10, 500 square kilometres. For most of the year, the ground is hard and white. When 6 comes in certain seasons, a little water covers the salt flat. The water is very calm, so it 7 a big mirror. Though the salt flat seems lifeless, it is 8 to some animals. Flamingos（火烈鸟）fly here every year to breed（繁殖）, and small animals live on rocky islands across the salt sea. This special place gives visitors a great 9 With its fantastic scenery, Salar de Uyuni is truly one of the most wonderful natural 10 on Earth. 1．A．real B．easy C．impossible D．single 2．A．hard on B．interested in C．famous for D．strict with 3．A．achieves B．pushes C．chats D．sits 4．A．dealt B．formed C．allowed D．solved 5．A．tiny B．huge C．short D．high 6．A．cloud B．wind C．snow D．rain 7．A．gives up B．takes away C．looks like D．suffers from 8．A．stage B．home C．stress D．virus 9．A．experience B．example C．emergency D．emotion 10．A．brightness B．industries C．wonders D．difficulties 二、阅读理解 A In a recent discovery, archaeologists (考古学家) found the ruins (废墟) of an important ancient city! These ruins, found in Baliqiao, Henan, are about 3,700 years old. They are from the Xia Dynasty, which is the earliest known dynasty in China. This discovery helps fill in some pieces of history and helps us see the bigger picture of the Xia Dynasty.   The Baliqiao ruins are large, covering about 1.35 million square metres. So far, archaeologists have dug up around 1,800 square metres since they started their work in 2022. They found many interesting things, like walls, roads, and even pottery (陶器), which show that people there were skilled and had a rich culture.   What makes the Baliqiao ruins even more exciting is its connection to another place called the Erlitou ruins, which people discovered in 1959 and are known for helping us understand the early days of China. Researchers believe that the culture of the Xia Dynasty spread far and wide, including Baliqiao. Liang Fawei, an archaeologist, explained that the objects found at both places are very alike, showing the influence (影响) of the Xia Dynasty on  the Baliqiao area.   Nowadays, as researchers continue to dig at the Baliqiao ruins, we can look forward to more treasures from the past. They may help us understand how ancient people lived, what they believed in, and how the Xia Dynasty shaped early China. With each new find, they’re piecing together the story of ancient China. 1．Which of the following words can we use to describe the Baliqiao ruins? ①Old.    ②Cool.    ③Simple.    ④Important. A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④ 2．How does the writer show that the Baliqiao ruins are large? A．By telling stories. B．By using numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By showing pictures. 3．What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Baliqiao ruins. B．The Erlitou ruins. C．The culture of the Baliqiao ruins. D．The connection to the Erlitou ruins. 4．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To show an important discovery. B．To make an amazing connection. C．To introduce an interesting city in China. D．To remember an ancient period in history. B Jane Goodall is a famous scientist. For more than 40 years, Goodall lived mostly in Tanzania in East Africa, studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩). As a young child, Jane Goodall was interested in animals. She grew up in the English countryside and was always climbing trees or riding horses. When Jane was 23, she got a chance to go to Africa. Even though she had never been to college, she got a job with a famous scientist named Louis Leakey. One day Louis Leakey said he needed a volunteer. He needed someone to go to a lake in Tanzania to study a kind of chimpanzee. Jane was excited. On July 16, 1960, she began her exploration (探索). At first, the chimpanzees ran away from Jane. But with time passing, they got used to her being around. Every day, Jane would follow the chimpanzees, taking notes on their behavior. She learned many new things about chimpanzees. She watched how a chimpanzee made a tool. She learned how some chimpanzees became good leaders. She watched how mother chimpanzees raised their children. She watched animals get angry and get upset. She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did. She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are “saying”.​ 1．What is the best title of the passage? A．Jane Goodall’s College Life B．Jane Goodall’s Family C．Jane Goodall, a Famous Scientist D．Jane Goodall and Louis Leakey 2．What is the correct order of the following according to the passage? a. Jane went to Africa. b. Jane started her exploration. c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey. d. Jane was born in the countryside. e. Jane followed chimpanzees. A．d—a—e—b—c B．b—a—c—d—e C．a—d—c—b—e D．d—a—c—b—e 3．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Give in. B．Set off. C．Bring up. D．Put up. 4．Jane ________ the chimpanzees’ behavior to help others understand them. A．wrote down B．took pictures of C．made videos of D．drew pictures about 5．From the passage we can infer (推断) that ________. A．mother chimpanzees raise their children B．people can communicate with animals C．animals don’t get excited D．chimpanzees make tools 三、六选五 Do you know the “lost city”—Atlantis? Some people say it was an ancient civilization that disappeared into the sea. 1 And perhaps they still live here (“mer” is the French word for “ocean”). Do you think Atlantis is a real place? Do you think it still remains on the ocean floor somewhere? Many people now believe that there is a place on Earth that has the connection with the famous story of Atlantis. It is a small island called Santorini (圣托里尼). Santorini is an island of wonderful beauty. 2 At the other end of the island, it becomes very tall and has high, sharp cliffs. When you stand on the high places and look out, you can see another smaller island. This island’s unusual shape is special because the island had a huge volcano (火山) on it. 3 Experts have found something meaningful from an ancient town on Santorini. Every year, thousands of tourists come here to see the old culture. There are many walls and steps of ancient buildings. 4 Maybe these things are signs of Atlantis. They remind us that people lived on this lovely island many years ago. 5 But one thing is sure: this beautiful island has a long and amazing history. It tells us that the past is always full of stories. And we can still learn a lot from them today. A．It has lovely beaches at one end. B．But what do you know about Atlantis? C．If you go there, you can enjoy them by yourself. D．It broke the island into many parts when it broke out. E．No one knows for sure if Santorini is the real Atlantis. F．Others say it was a place where real-life “merpeople” lived. 四、任务型阅读 What makes humans special? For a long time, people believed humans were different from all animals. They thought only humans could make tools and have real conversations. Then came Jane Goodall. As a child, Jane loved watching animals in her garden. She would sit for hours observing (观察) how birds built nests and squirrels collected food. This early love for nature stayed with her. At the age of 23, she went to Africa for the first time to realize her dream. Though she never went to university, she learnt much about animals from books. With help from scientist Louis Leakey, Jane began studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩) in Gombe forest. Her study method was different from that of other scientists—she gave the chimpanzees names like David Greybeard and Flo, treating them as individuals (个体). For months, the chimpanzees ran away when they saw her. But Jane stayed patient, watching from a distance every day. Jane’s patience brought amazing discoveries. She discovered that humans aren’t the only animals who use tools. She saw David Greybeard use a grass stem to catch termites (白蚁)—the first proof that animals could make and use tools. She also discovered that chimpanzees feel emotions and have families, having seen them hug when sad, hold hands, or have their mothers teach them to find food. Later Jane realized that studying animals wasn’t enough to protect them. She saw forests getting smaller and chimpanzees becoming fewer. So she started traveling worldwide, speaking to governments, schools, and communities. She told everyone that we must protect forests and the animals living in them. In 1991, Jane created Roots & Shoots to help young people make a difference. Students in this program clean up parks, plant trees, and help animals in their communities. One group in Tanzania built a safe place for birds. Another in Canada raised money to protect bear habitats (栖息地). Though Jane passed away recently, her work continues. She taught us that every person—including you and me—can help make our world better. As she often said, “Every day, each of us can make a difference.” 1．When did Jane go to Africa for the first time? _______________________________________________ 2．How was Jane’s way of studying chimpanzees different from that of other scientists? _______________________________________________ 3．What were Jane’s discoveries about chimpanzees? _______________________________________________ 4．What did Jane create in 1991? _______________________________________________ 5．Why do people see Jane Goodall as a great scientist? Please list two reasons based on the passage. _______________________________________________ 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $