2026届高考英语尖优生培养第3讲：读后续写衔接连贯与结尾导学案

尖优生培养导学案 第3讲　读后续写衔接连贯与结尾 情景导入 一、 衔接与连贯 1．读后续写评分标准： (1)本题总分为25分，按五个档次进行评分。 (2)评分时，应主要从内容、语言表达和篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为： ①创造内容的质量，续写的完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。 ②使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。 ③上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。 (3)第五档(21～25分)给分范围和要求： ①创造了丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高。 ②使用了多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构，可能有个别小错，但完全不影响理解。 ③有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义连贯。 2．衔接与连贯定义 衔接是指通过词汇、语法等语言手段将句子或段落连接起来，使它们在形式上形成一个整体。这些手段包括代词、连词、冠词、省略、重复等。 连贯指语篇中语义的关联，连贯存在于语篇的底层，通过逻辑推理来达到语义连接，是语篇的无形网络。连贯可通过语篇类型(结构)、语法、词汇等有形网络来建立，也可以依靠交际双方共有知识和逻辑推理来实现。 3．衔接连贯实现路径 4．英语的五种衔接手段：语法手段(照应、替代、省略)和词汇手段(连接词、词汇衔接) (1)照应(reference)，也叫指称：指用代词的语法手段来表示语义关系，可分为人称照应(he, they, their, mine)，指示照应(the, that, those, then, there)和比较照应(more, better, the same, similar)。 ①Jane was brilliant. She got the best score. ②Here he comes, our hero. Please welcome John. ③I went to the store. There, I bought some milk. ④The girl was terrified, frozen in place. She couldn't believe what she had just witnessed. That was beyond her worst nightmare. ⑤Tom had always known Jerry was a strong opponent. He had prepared for this match for months. However, from the very first point, it was clear that Jerry was playing even more aggressively than usual. His serves were faster, his returns sharper. This wasn't the same rival he had faced in the qualifiers (预选赛); this was a completely different player, one far more focused and determined. (2)替代(substitution)：指用替代形式去替代上下文出现的词语，可分为名词性替代(one, ones)，动词性替代(do, do so)和分句性替代(so, nor)。 ⑥A: Which T­shirt would you like? B: I would like the pink one. ⑦A: Do you think that the government will reform the constitution? B: I hope so. ⑧Exhausted, they finally stopped running. John bent over, hands on his knees, gasping for air. Lisa did too. “Do you think … they're gone？” she managed to ask between breaths. “I hope so，” John replied, his eyes still scanning the dark woods behind them. (3)省略(ellipsis)：指省去句子中某一成分，分名词性省略、动词性省略和分句性省略。 ⑨A: Where are you going? B: To dance. ⑩I kept quiet because Mary gets very embarrassed if anyone mentions John's name. I don't know why. (4)连接词(conjunction)：指连接句子的各种连词(and, but, yet, or, so)、副词(therefore, anyway, however)、短语(in addition, as a result, in other words, to conclude)、分句(that is to say, what's more)等。 从语义功能角度，可分为： 增补型(and, besides, moreover, furthermore, in addition, what's more) 转折型(but, however, instead, in fact, still, by the way, nevertheless, on the contrary) 解释型(for example, that is, in other words, or rather, after all) 因果型(according to, hence, now, therefore, of course, otherwise, thanks to, because, so, thus, as a result, consequently) 时空型(first, finally, since then, soon, afterwards, meanwhile, next to, on the right) ⑪Australia is home to many unusual animals. The platypus (鸭嘴兽) is a mammal (哺乳动物) but lays eggs. ⑫Australia is home to many unusual animals. The platypus, for example, is a mammal but lays eggs. ⑬The sun was setting. Meanwhile, the birds were returning to their nests. ⑭Tom is the most intelligent student in the class and has gotten the highest grades in all subjects. However, he failed his Physics test this semester. As a result, he is considering taking private lessons because he wants to get good marks in physics. (5)词汇衔接(lexical cohesion)：指通过重复上下文出现过的词来达到语篇的连贯。 词汇复现：某一词以原词、 同义词、 近义词、 反义词、上义词、下义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中。 词汇的同现：词汇共同出现的倾向性，词的同现关系与语篇范围关系密切。在一个围绕某个特定的话题展开的语篇中，与这个话题相关的词汇出现的频率就比较高，比较集中。 ⑮重复： Birds are beautiful. Everybody likes birds. ⑯同义词： Paul saw a snake under the mattress (垫子). The serpent (毒蛇) is going to bite somebody. ⑰上下义： I saw a cat. The animal was very hungry and looked ill. ⑱部分与整体： He stopped the car and changed the tire. ⑲反义词： Old movies are boring; the new ones are much better. ⑳In the early morning I am easily annoyed by my roommate. I am annoyed each time I have to shut the ice­covered windows that John, my roommate, insists on opening every night even during the winter. Another annoying habit of his is that he smokes cigarettes at home, which makes life unbearable to me. In the early morning I am easily annoyed by my roommate. I am annoyed each time I have to shut the ice­covered windows that John, my roommate, insists on opening every night even during the winter. Another frustrating habit of his is that he smokes cigarettes at home, which makes life unbearable to me. 5．叙事语篇的连贯 (1)逻辑连贯： 叙事逻辑连贯、情感逻辑连贯、论证逻辑连贯 (2)概念连贯： 主题连贯、观点连贯 (3)语言连贯： 语法连贯：照应、替代、省略：有效使用代词、省略等手段 语言连贯：连接词：合理使用逻辑连接词、过渡词等显性标记 词汇衔接：重复关键词、使用同义词、上下义词或话题词汇 视角连贯：保证人称的一致性 二、 读后续写结尾手法 1．故事结尾的特点 (1)叙事弧线、人物成长弧线 (2)拉波夫叙事结构 拉波夫叙事结构是由美国语言学家威廉·拉波夫(William Labov)提出的关于个人经历叙事的语篇分析框架。拉波夫认为，一个完整的叙事通常包含以下六个部分： 点题(Abstract)：故事是关于什么的简要总结。 指向(Orientation)：交代时间、地点、人物和背景。 进展(Complicating action)：事件按先后顺序的呈现，即“发生了什么”。 评价(Evaluation)：叙述者或故事中的人物对所描述事件的看法、态度和心理感受等。 结局(Resolution)：最终发生了什么，事件是如何解决的。 尾声(Coda)：故事与现实生活连接的纽带，是故事对读者的启迪或意义，点明主旨，升华主题。 (3)结论：一个成功的、完整的续写结尾由两个不可或缺的部分构成： ①结局(Resolution) ——解决情节 ②主题升华(Coda) ——赋予意义 2．结尾手法 (1)结局(问题解决)＋主旨升华/个人感受 ①Handing him the money, I realized it was not just about settling a debt, but about honoring a beautiful human connection that had turned a stressful night into a lesson in faith. 2024年高考读后续写 车费 ②I have fallen in love with writing since then and, as a famous writer now, I have had quite a lot of works published. My teacher was right: Anything is possible if I really apply myself. 2023年高考读后续写 写作比赛 题文部分呈现的有哲理的话： 第2段：So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. ③I have fallen in love with writing since then and have had several works published, which would not have been possible had it not been for my dear teacher's unwavering faith in me. 2023年高考读后续写 写作比赛 ④To everyone's joy, he reached the final line and ranked 20th. It was no more important whether he won the prize or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. 2022年高考读后续写 越野跑 题文部分呈现的需要解决的问题： 第2段： I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. 第3段：What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! 第4段： I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” ⑤That evening, Bernard handed his earnings to his mother, not just with pride, but with a heart full of gratitude for the Merediths and a renewed belief that things would get better. 2020年高考读后续写 爱的爆米花 题文部分呈现的需要解决的问题： 第4段：“I wish you could see him，” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.” ⑥What goes around really comes around, which was what I experienced in person and has stayed with me ever since. 水库遇困 ⑦We didn't harvest much fish that day, but I harvested something more important: What goes around really comes around, which has clung to me to this day. 水库遇困 题文部分呈现的需要解决的问题、道理： 第1段： My father was the kind of person who could never pass by someone who needed help. He was a firm believer in the mantra (箴言)：What goes around comes around. He believed that someday he might need help, and someone would return the favor. But I didn't quite buy it. “问题结局＋主旨升华/个人感受”结尾手法特点： 1)过渡自然，避免生硬说教(依托故事细节；依托人物情感变化；使用柔和的语言) 2)紧扣文本，回扣主题(套用/呼应原文中的话；解决原文提出的核心问题或困境；在故事基础上抽象出道理或抒发个人感悟) (2)画面定格式(情景交融)结尾 ①With the four of us enveloped in the fragrance of the flowers and the warm sunshine, I knew I had fully accepted Rosa as one of the closest family members and I was willing to share everything with her. 姐姐的成长 ②As we waved the grateful lady goodbye, my heart swelled with a newfound understanding of my father's mantra. What goes around really comes around. I finally had a chance to witness my father's mantra in action and follow in his footsteps. 水库遇困 ③At that time, Father entered the room and said in a loud voice that he also wanted a bite. All of them laughed with happiness, the laughter echoing in the room. 2021年高考读后续写 母亲节的惊喜早餐 画面定格式结尾手法特点： 1) 强烈的场景感与画面感：(With the four of us enveloped in …； As we waved the grateful lady goodbye …； Father entered … and said …) 2) 含蓄的情感表达 3) 富有象征意义的细节 4) 自然的主题升华 (3)照应开头式结尾 ①2024年高考读后续写 车费 开头 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. 结尾 After waving Gunter goodbye, I went on my way back. The sun was shining, and I couldn't help but wonder how that unforgettable September night, though born from a storm, had ended with such warmth and kindness that I will carry with me forever. ②2020年高考读后续写 爱的爆米花 开头 The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. 结尾 Months later, as the local economy slowly began to recover, the story of the boy with the popcorn remained a cherished memory. It stood as a powerful reminder that in times of struggle, no one was alone, and the community would always find ways to help each other meet the challenges. ③森林迷路 开头 As the golden sun was sailing higher and higher in the east, casting its warm glow over the town, Emily, a keen photographer, started a solo journey to the famed Old Pine Scenic Area, well known for its centuries­old pine forests and winding paths. She anticipated a day filled with peaceful beauty and the opportunity to touch nature in its purest form. 结尾 As the sun dipped below the horizon, casting long shadows across the ancient pines, Emily emerged from the forest, her heart full of a quiet gratitude. The vibrant greens and earthy browns, the whispering pines, the breathtaking beauty of Old Pine, and the unexpected kindness of a stranger — these were the treasures she carried with her, far more precious than any single photograph. 从哪些侧面照应？ 1)情感照应 2)场景/意象照应 3)关键词/主旨照应 4)道具照应 5)问题/悬念照应 (4)后续发展式结尾 ①We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm­hearted friend like Gunter. 2024年高考读后续写 车费 ②Bernard became a familiar and welcome sight in the neighborhood, peddling his popcorn. This small enterprise provided a steady stream of help for his family throughout the difficult winter. 2020年高考读后续写 爱的爆米花 ③Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing. 2023年高考读后续写 写作比赛 ④Many years have passed, but with my father's mantra sticking in my mind, I am always willing to reach out to anyone in need, firmly believing what goes around does come around. 水库遇困 后续发展式结尾特点： 1)时间跳跃：使用明确的时间状语，将叙述时间快速推进到未来。(The following day/weekend/year, …； Months later, …； Since then, …； Many years has passed, …； From that day on，…) 2)影响延续 重点描述主事件对人物、关系或生活产生的持久性改变。 3)主题强化 通过对后续发展的叙述，来印证和强化故事的核心主题。 (5)回忆式结尾 ①Many years have gone by now, but whenever I take a taxi I will always think of that unforgettable evening that showed me how a stranger's act of faith can leave a permanent mark on the heart. 2024年高考读后续写 车费 ②Now, years later, my teacher's words still echo in my mind, empowering me to push forward through every wave of self­doubt in my writing journey: True success comes not from natural talent, but from persistent effort. 2023年高考读后续写 写作比赛 回忆式结尾特点： 1)时间跨度：几乎总是以“Years later，”、“Now，”、“Even now，”等时间状语开场，暗示要讲述的是经得起时间检验的价值。 2)触发机制：通常会设置一个触发场景(如“whenever I take a taxi”)，表明在未来的生活中，某个相似的情境总会激活这段记忆。 3)持续影响：强调记忆的“鲜活性”(如“still echo in my mind”)和影响的“永久性”(如“leave a permanent mark”)，而非仅仅陈述一个事实结果。 (6)对话式结尾 Learning about what happened, she rose quickly to gaze at the boy's hand with moved tears rolling down her cheeks. “Thank you, my honey！” said the mother.2020年高考读后续写 爱的爆米花 典例精析 2025年全国卷一 衔接连贯与结尾 　　I_realized_it_was_me_who_was_at_fault. I had been so focused on keeping the party under control that I did not realize Toby was more than a dog for him. Yet pride had prevented me from reaching out first. If only I had been in his shoes and cared more about his feelings! Overwhelmed with a wave of regret, I decided to apologize to him in person. That evening, I texted my brother and asked if we could meet the next day. To my relief, he agreed. Sensing my resolve, my wife silently prepared some biscuits, my brother's favourite. With_the_biscuits_my_wife_had_made,_I_arrived_at_my_brother's_door. My hand hung in the air, hesitant about knocking at the door. What if my brother was still angry and wouldn't accept my apology? Just then, my brother opened the door and before he could say a word, I held up the biscuits. “For you，” I said. “And for Toby.” His gaze dropped to the biscuits, and I watched his stern expression soften just a little. Finally, he stepped aside and said, “Come in.” Once inside, my brother accepted the biscuits from me and then embraced me warmly, a firm, heartfelt hug that showed our unspoken understanding. Later, when I asked if he would come over for dinner, he agreed without hesitation. At that moment, I was sure we were finally on the path to healing. 一、 逻辑连贯分析 1．内在情感与外在行动的呼应 第一段(因)：内在的心理活动：“领悟(realization)”、“悔恨(regret)”和“决心(resolve)” 第二段(果)：外在的行动和结果。第一段内心决定后的具体行为(带着饼干上门、道歉、拥抱)以及由此带来的积极后果(被接纳、和解)。 2．情节发展因果关系 因为 我意识到了错误 ＋ 感到后悔 → 所以 我决定道歉 → 进而 发信息约见。 因为 哥哥同意了见面 ＋ 妻子感知到我的决心 → 所以 妻子准备了饼干 → 进而 我带着饼干上门。 因为 我带着他最喜欢的饼干(真诚的象征) → 所以 他的态度软化 → 进而 邀请我进门并最终和解。 二、 结尾写法拓展 1．主旨升华式 I learned that day that a home is not a perfect space to be protected, but a harbor of love to be shared, its true value was in the joyful welcome it offers to every soul — and every paw — within it. 2．画面定格式 We talked for hours, laughing, remembering old times, and slowly rebuilding what had been lost. As I watched Toby gently rest his head on my leg, I knew we were finally on the path to healing. 3．回忆式 Months later, as our families gathered together in our perfectly orderly backyard watching the children play with Toby, I found myself thinking back to that rainy evening. True hospitality isn't about maintaining perfect order, but about opening our hearts to accommodate the ones we love, even when they come with muddy paws and chaos. 4．后续发展式 The following weekend, my brother and Toby were the first guests to arrive at our new barbecue, and this time, Toby had the run of the entire house. 5．照应开头式 开头 My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order. 结尾 As we sat in his living room, sharing the biscuits, I understood that the real order I needed to keep was not in my garden, but in my own heart, making space for the ones I love. 培尖精练 利用衔接连贯知识，根据2025年全国卷二读后续写内容构建和所提供的句子，整合成连贯的两个续写段落，并按要求写出这篇文章的结尾。 In_a_class_discussion,_I_was_invited_to_explain_the_meaning_of_my_name. (1)My feelings. Worried, hesitant. ①I thought of the past experiences of having to repeat the pronunciation of my name over and over. Maybe my explanation would be another fruitless effort. →句式升级版Thinking of the past experiences of having to repeat the pronunciation of my name over and over, I expected my explanation to be another fruitless effort. Taking a deep breath, I stood up. 心理＋动作；展现；现在分词作状语 (2)I explained the meaning of “Qiuyu”. “Qiu” means autumn and “Yu” means rain. Further explanation. (3)The professor's/my classmates' response? Greatly impressed, respectful. ①“My name, Qiuyu, combines the characters for autumn and rain in Chinese，” I said. Professor Byrne's pen froze mid­note. Leaning forward, his eyebrows lifted with curiosity. “Fascinating! So your name is connected with the season of autumn？” he interrupted, his earlier pronunciation struggles forgotten. I_went_on_to_explain_that as autumn represents harvest and maturity and rain symbolizes nourishment and growth, my name Qiuyu means abundance and renewal. Thirty pairs of eyes locked onto me, attracted by the romantic image of my Chinese name. (4)My feelings. A moment of connection. ①The classroom burst into an eruption of applause as I finished my speech. It seemed that they had understood and were impressed. 无灵主语 →句式升级版I finished my speech, without being asked to repeat, to the applause of my classmates. A wave of relief washed over me. without being done; 无灵主语 Many_of_my_classmates_got_interested_and_came_up_to_me_after_class. (5)What did they do? Surrounded me and asked questions. ①They gathered around me, their questions pouring out like a stream. Some asked about the meaning of more Chinese names and others even asked me to think up Chinese names for them. (6)My response? Explained and pronounced patiently. ①I smiled, feeling a warmth spread through me. (7)The solution of my problem. I transformed the explanation into an occasion to share my cultural identity. ①With great patience, I answered each of their questions. The explanation, once regarded as another challenge to overcome, was now transformed into an opportunity to share my cultural identity, connecting us through the strokes of 秋雨 on their notebooks. (8)A proper ending. My name was no longer a challenge but a bridge. 结尾模式：个人感受 ①My name was no longer a wall between us, but a window into worlds waiting to be shared. ②By sharing my cultural identity, I was not only preserving my heritage but also enriching the lives of those around me. 1．续写段落整合： In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2．分别用问题解决式、画面定格式、回忆式、后续发展式、照应开头式等手法写结尾。 问题解决＋情感升华式结尾 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 画面定格＋感受式结尾 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 反思/回忆式结尾 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 后续发展式结尾 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 照应开头式结尾 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 第3讲　读后续写衔接连贯与结尾 参考答案 2025年高考全国卷二 续写段落整合 In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. Thinking of the past experiences of having to repeat the pronunciation of my name over and over, I expected my explanation to be another fruitless effort. Taking a deep breath, I stood up. “My name, Qiuyu, combines the characters for autumn and rain in Chinese，” I said. Professor Byrne's pen froze mid­note. Leaning forward, his eyebrows lifted with curiosity. “Fascinating! So your name is connected with the season of autumn？” he interrupted, his earlier pronunciation struggles forgotten. I went on to explain that as autumn represents harvest and maturity and rain symbolizes nourishment and growth, my name Qiuyu means abundance and renewal. Thirty pairs of eyes locked onto me, attracted by the romantic image of my Chinese name. I finished my speech, without being asked to repeat, to the applause of my classmates. A wave of relief washed over me. Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. They gathered around me, their questions pouring out like a stream. Some asked about the meaning of more Chinese names and others even asked me to think up Chinese names for them. I smiled, feeling a warmth spread through me. With great patience, I answered each of their questions. 结尾1 问题解决＋情感升华 The explanation, once regarded as another challenge to overcome, was now transformed into an opportunity to share my cultural identity, connecting us through the strokes of 秋雨 on their notebooks. 结尾2 画面定格＋感受 Surrounded by my classmates eager to learn more about the culture behind me, I felt a sense of connection that I had longed for since arriving in Ireland. Rather than separating us, my identity was the very thing that brought us together. 结尾3 反思/回忆 Reflecting on that unforgettable moment, I learned that every name carries a unique story deserving respect and understanding. By sharing my culture, I embraced my identity and found the courage to face new challenges ahead. 结尾4 后续发展 As the semester unfolded, I eagerly anticipated more opportunities to exchange cultural stories with my classmates. Together, we would create a vibrant learning environment, where every name and narrative would be celebrated. 结尾5 照应开头 开头：“What is your name？” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time. But for me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. 结尾：And so, “What is your name？” — once a question that brought unease — became an invitation to share my story. No longer a source of anxiety, my name grew into a symbol of cultural pride, closing the gap that I once feared would keep us apart. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $