Unit 4 Period 1 Listening and Speaking(无听力音频)-【无敌原创】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课时卷

94 无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Period 1 Listening and Speaking 基础过关) (2)The judge awarded him $1,000 as 一、词形转换根据给出的词性及汉语提 damages 示写出单词的正确形式。 1. n.洪水；大量→ t.淹 (3)A fire had severely damaged the warehouse. 没；使灌满水i.淹没；大量涌入 2 n.旱灾；久旱→ u.弄 三、单词拼写根据各句语境及提示，使 干；变干ad.干的；干燥的 用本课所学单词的适当形式填空。 3 n.&u营救；救援→ n.救 1.It is a life and (死亡)decision 助者 for him,so he must think twice. 4. n.损坏；损失u.损害；损坏 2.More （栖身之所)for the homeless 5 u.摧毁；毁灭→ n.毁 should be built in some big cities. 坏→ ad山.破坏性的 3.Helicopters (营救)nearly20 people n.死；死亡→ .死， from the roof of the burning building. 死亡→ ad.死的；无生命的 4.I was (震惊的)to hear the news ad山.垂死的→ a.致 that a great fire broke out in the factory. 命的ad.极其；非常 5.With the government's aid,those 7. t.影响；（疾病)侵袭；深深对打 （受影响的)by the flood have moved to the 动→ ad山.情感的→ n.喜 new settlements. 爱；钟爱 6.The earthquake (摧毁)alot 8. n.避难所→ u.遮蔽 of houses and many people became homeless. 9. n.灾难→ ad.灾难 7.Nowadays,volcanic (爆发) 性的 become more frequent than before. 二、语境释义 写出句子中画线部分的含义。 8.The fire is threatening about sixty homes and 1.affect residents have （撤离)this area. (1)Both diet and exercise affect blood 四、听力练习 pressure. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 1.What are the speakers mainly talking about? (2)She was deeply affected by A.Travel plans. what her mother had done for her. B.Natural disasters. C.Government problems. (3)Her kidneys had become affected 2.Which country is the man's news about? A.Australia. 2.damage B.Indonesia. (1)Water pollution did damage to the crops C.The Philippines. UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 95 3.How many people are displaced(使离开家 and forty thousand people died.Most of them because of Taal Volcano? died in fires which followed the earthquake A.About 400. One of the worst earthquakes ever was B.About 6,000. in China in 2008.It killed a large number of C.About 20,000. people.The worst earthquake ever reported was 五、语音辨识读下列单词，找出画线部 also in China,in which 400,000 people were 分发音不同的选项。 killed or injured.This earthquake happened in 1.A.check B.chemist 1556. C.chicken D.children Earthquakes worry people a lot.The reason 2.A.injured B.loved is that we often do not know when they are C.wanted D.stayed coming.People can not prepare for it. 3.A.closed B.listened 1.When and where was the worst earthquake C.excused D.watched ever reported 4.A.bench B.stomach A.1964 Alaska. B.1556 China. C.watch D.rich C.1923 Japan. D.2008 China. 5.A.shocked B.effected 2.According to the passage,which of the C.debated D.depended following is NOT true? 能力提升 A.The stronger the earthquake is,the more people are killed. B.Earthquakes often come unexpectedly（出 阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、 乎意料地). D)中选出最佳选项。 （语篇词数：231个，建议用时：6分钟) C.Earthquakes can cause fires. D.People still don't know how to tell when an Earthquakes are something that people fear.There are some places that have few or no earthquake will come. earthquakes.Most places in the world,however, 3.What may be talked about in the seventh have them regularly(有规律地).Countries paragraph? that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite A.How do earthquakes worry people? mountainous（多山的). B.What will people do to prepare for The most talked about earthquake in the earthquakes? United States was in San Francisco in 1906. C.How can we save people when earthquakes Over 700 people died in it.The strongest one happen? in North America was in 1964.It happened in D.How do earthquakes happen? Alaska. ◆单元话题表达积累◆ Strong earthquakes are not always the ones 将以下句子译成汉语。 that kill the most people.In 1755,one of the 1.There are some places that have few or no strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in earthquakes.Most places in the world,however, Portugal.Around 2,000 people died. have them regularly（有规律地). In 1923,a very strong earthquake hit the Tokyo,Yokohama area of Japan.A hundred 96无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 2.The worst earthquake ever reported was also locusts in China,in which 400,000 people were 7 killed or injured. At present,the basic method of controlling locusts is with insecticides(杀虫剂)sprayed from the ground or the air.There are also 在文中找出相应的表达方式。 biological pest control measures.8 The 1.许多人 biggest enemies are birds.Frogs,spiders,and mantises are natural enemies too.The method 2.强震袭击了日本东京、横滨一带。 has proved effective and been at a low cost. A.Are locusts of no use at all? B.The locust has its natural enemies. C.Is there no way to stop the locusts? B D.Many insect species compete with us for 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能 food. 填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为 E.Now let's get close and take a look at the 多余选项。 insect. (语篇词数：290个，建议用时：8分钟) F.Locust plagues often happen during the dry The locust plague（蝗灾)is affecting season. large parts of South Asia and the African G.During the last 2,000 years,more than 170 continents.Huge numbers of locusts have been outbreaks have been recorded in China. destroying farmland and threatening millions ◆单元话题表达积累◆ of lives.4 将以下句子译成汉语。 How can an insect be so terrible? In addition,global warming means warmer In history,locust plagues have been one of the winters,therefore more eggs can survive in the three worst agricultural natural disasters.5 The spring,raising the possibility of the outbreak insect prefers to lay eggs in dry and loose next year. soil.Nearly 5,000 groups of eggs can be found within a square meter,with more than 100 eggs per group.In addition,global warming means 在文中找出相应的表达方式。 warmer winters,therefore more eggs can 1.遭受 survive in the spring,raising the possibility of the outbreak next year. 2.成本低 How many times have humans suffered from locust plagues? 6 In 2004,northern and western Africa experienced the largest locusts plague in more than 15 years.It cost 400 million dollars to fight against it and the harvest losses were worth almost 2.5 billion dollars.Late March 2013, nearly 50 percent of Madagascar was affected by特点，一般报道的开头是大写的地方名，并且根据第一 LOS ANGELES-Kobe Bryant was killed in a helicopter crash yesterday in Calabasas,California,along with his 13-year-old daughter Gianna and seven other people. 矶一昨天在加州的卡拉巴斯境内，直升机坠毁，科比布 莱恩特还有他13岁的女儿吉安娜和其他7个人丧生。) 呈现了报道的主要内容。因此，文章最可能摘自一份报 纸，故选C。 [学法指导] 本题主要考查学习素养及思辨素养，本文是一篇新闻报 道，在近年的高考英语阅读理解题中，常有时事新闻 报道类的文章，其内容与人们的生活息息相关，如战 争、环境、人口、能源等。新闻英语文章通常由标题 (headline)、导语(lead)和正文(body)三部分组成。 标题浓缩和概括全文的中心；导语通常为文章的第一段， 一般提供主题和最主要的事实；正文在导语的基础上提 供更多与主题相关的事实，使文章更加翔实、具体，并 展开评论，进而得出结论。 ©单元话题表达积累⊙ 将以下句子译成汉语。 1.回顾一生，Bryant被公认为他那个年代最伟大的篮球 运动员之一。 2,“作为篮球运动员，我们被要求闭上嘴只管运 球，”布莱恩特曾经在台上说。“我很高兴我不 只是忙于运球。” 在文中找出相应的表达方式。 1.fade away 2.throw oneself into UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Period 1 Listening and Speaking 【基础过关】 一、 1.flood;flood 2.drought;dry 3.rescue;rescuer 4.damage 5.destroy;destruction;destructive 6.death;die;dead;dying;deadly 7.affect;affective;affection 8.shelter;shelter 9.disaster;disastrous 二、 1.affect (1)句意为“饮食和运动都会影响血压。”。 (2)句意为“她被她妈妈为她所做的一切深深地打动 了。”。 参考答案 185 (3)句意为“她的肾已经感染了。”。 2.damage (1)句意为“水污染对庄稼造成了很大的破坏。”。 (2)句意为“法官判给他1000美元作为赔偿金。”。 (3)句意为“火灾严重地破坏了仓库。”。 三、 1.death考查名词的用法。句意为“对于他而言，这是 场生死抉择，所以必须得三思而后行。”。此处需要填 与life含义相对的名词，故填death。 2.shelters考查名词的用法。句意为“我们还应在大城 市为无家可归的人修建更多的栖身之所。”。此处需要 填名词做宾语，再根据more以及词义判断应用复数， 故填shelterso 3.rescued考查动词的用法。句意为“直升机将20余 人从着火大楼的楼顶救起。”。根据句子结构应使用动 词，又根据句意可知动作在过去发生，应用过去式，故 填rescued。 4.shocked考查u.-ed做表语的用法。句意为“听到那 个工厂发生重大火灾的新闻，我十分震惊。”。-d 常用来修饰人，表示“感到…的”，故填shocked。 5.affected考查u.-ed做定语的用法。句意为“在政府 的帮助下，洪灾地区群众已经搬到了新的定居点。”。 those与affect之间为被动关系，故填affected。 6.destroyed考查动词的用法。句意为“地震摧毁了 很多房子，而很多人也因此居无定所。”。根据后句的 became可判断应该用过去式，故填destroyed. 7.eruption考查名词和名词搭配的用法。句意为“如今， 火山爆发也变得越来越频繁。”。根据句式结构判断， become前应为主语，volcanic为形容词，修饰名词，故 填eruption. 8.evacuated考查动词做谓语的用法。句意为“这次 火灾正威胁着六十户家庭的安全，居民们已经撒离了这 片区域。”。此处空格前有have,应用完成时，故填 evacuated。 四、 [试题解析] 1.B本题考查思辨素养和理解主旨要义的能力。根 据男士第一句话所说“Ican't believe how many natural disasters are happening in the world this week!”以及 之后分别提到的Australia wildfires,volcano in the Philippines,ndonesia earthquakes可概括出本段对话主 要谈论的是自然灾害，故选B。 2.C本题考查交际素养和理解具体信息的能力。 根据两人对话特别是女士问题中的“hear about'”可知， 男士接下来说的就是他在新闻中所看到的内容，主要讲 的是菲律宾的火山爆发，故选C。 3.B本题考查交际素养和理解具体信息的能力。通过 阅读题干，把握问题关键信息，应该和数字有关联， 186无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 再根据男士的描述“The government moved about 6,000 people off Luzon Island when it became covered with a thick blanket of volcano dust.”可知数字应为6,000，题 干中的displaced和听力原文中的moved属同义替换， 故选B。 听力原文 M:I can't believe how many natural disasters are happening in the world this week! W:I only know about the Australian wildfires.What else did you hear about? M:Well,a volcano in the Philippines has started to erupt W:That country has at least 20 active volcanoes. M:Taal Volcano is especially active right now.The people there are getting prepared for it to explode any day.Some villagers were actually living on the volcano itself.The government moved about 6,000 people off Luzon Island when it became covered with a thick blanket of volcano dust.Now,they are planning to clear an area at least 10 miles from the volcano for the people to live. W:That doesn't sound far enough!I wouldn't live on that island again. M:The president of the country feels the same way.He's trying to declare the island a "no man's land"so that no one can live there. W:Indonesia has even more volcanoes.Out of 400,127 are active. M:True.It's a very beautiful country,but also naturally dangerous.Earthquakes are even more frequent than volcano eruptions there. 五、 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A 【能力提升】 ☆A篇☆ [语篇解读] 本文讲述的是地震以及历史上几次有名的地震的情况。 [试题解析] 1.B考查学习素养和理解具体信息的能力。根据文章 倒数第二段中The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China,in which 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556.可知，最可怕的地震是 1556年发生在中国的。 2.A考查学习素养和理解具体信息的能力。根据文章 第三段第一句Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people.可知，并不是最强烈的地震就会 杀死最多的人。 3.B考查思辨素养和推断的能力。根据文章最后一段 Earthquakes worry people a lot.The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming.People can not prepare for t.可知人们对地震一般都是没有办法做很多准备的，接 下来将是人们能够做的事情。 [学法指导] 本文所设试题主要考查细节查找，对于文章中的细节题， 要注意文本内容的理解。关键是找出原文的根据，认真 核查题干和原文的异同，常犯的错误有：绝对化语言， 范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。带着问题， 再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。 ○单元话题表达积累© 将以下句子译成汉语。 1.有些地区很少有或者没有地震，而世界上大部分地区 却地震频繁。 2.有记载的史上伤亡最惨烈的地震同样发生在中国，造 成40万人伤亡。 在文中找出相应的表达方式。 1.a large number of people 2.A very strong earthquake hit the Tokyo,Yokohama area of Japan. ☆B篇☆ [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了关于蝗灾的几个常识。 [试题解析] 4.E上文提到“Huge numbers of locusts have been destroying farmland and threatening millions of lives.（大量的蝗虫毁坏 了农田，威胁着数百万人的生命。)”说明蝗虫造成的 巨大损害。E项“Now let's get close and take a look at the insect..（现在让我们近距离了解一下这种昆虫吧。)” 中the insect指代上一句中的“locusts'”;下文是说明关 于蝗灾的一些情况。E项承上启下。 5.F空前一句提到“locust plagues have been one of the three worst agricultural natural disasters”,说明蝗灾是农 业三大自然灾害之一。F项“Locust plagues often happen during the dry season..(蝗灾经常发生在旱季)。”中的 “Locust plagues'”与空前一句中的“'locust plagues'”词 汇重复，F项中的“dry season'”与后文“dry and loose sol”对应，F项是顺承空前一句的话题。 6.G该段的小标题为“How many times have humans suffered from locust plagues?(人类遭受过多少次蝗灾？片； G "During the last 2,000 years,more than 170 outbreaks have been recorded in China.(在过去的2，OO0年里，中国 记录了170多起蝗灾。)”是回答小标题提出的问题。 7.C该段下文提到“At present,the basic method of controlling locusts is with insecticides(杀虫剂)sprayed from the ground or the air.There are also biological pest control measures..(目前，控制蝗虫的基本方法是从地面 或空中喷洒杀虫剂。还有生物防治蝗虫的措施。)”是 说明控制蝗虫的办法，是回答C项提出的问题。C项可 以作为该段的小标题。 8.B空后一句提到“The biggest enemies are birds. Frogs,spiders,and mantises are natural enemies too." 说明鸟类、青蛙、蜘蛛和螳螂是蝗虫的天敌；B项“Tc locust has its natural enemies.(蝗虫有它的天敌。)”中 的“natural enemies'”与空后一句中“natural enemies'” 词汇重复；空后一句是顺承B项的话题。 ⊙单元话题表达积累◎ 将以下句子译成汉语。 此外，全球变暖意味着冬季温度升高，导致更多虫卵能 存活到春季，增加了第二年蝗灾爆发的可能性。 在文中找出相应的表达方式。 1.suffer from 2.at a low cost [学法指导] 七选五的文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会 根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行不同方面 的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容， 为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标 记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如 带有形容词的名词词组)、专有名词、时间数字、代词、 连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词， 然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时 可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先 放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完 整篇文章。 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Period 2 Reading and Thinking I 〖基础过关】 一、 1.trap;trapped;trapper 2.wisdom;wise 3.suffer;suffering;sufferer 4.revive;revival 5.breath:breathe;breathless 6.shock;shock;shocking;shocked 7.survive;survival;survivor 1.Cracks考查名词的用法。句意为“干燥的地面出现 了裂缝。”，故填Cracks。 2.percent考查名词的用法。句意为“全国的考试结 果平均提升了8个百分点。”。根据句意可知，应填 参考答案 187 percento 3.bricks考查名词的用法。句意为“那个烟囱是用砖 头搭建的。”。由于bick为可数名词，而空前没有 冠词或定冠词修饰，应填可数名词的复数形式，故填 bricks。 4.Metal考查名词的用法。句意为“金属、纸和玻璃 都可以被回收。”。根据空格后并列的paper和glass可 知，此处应填单数形式，又因为放于句首，要大写，故 填Metalo 5.buried考查动词被动语态的用法。句意为“这个伟 大的英雄被安葬在他的家乡。”。根据句意及空白处前 的was可知此处应填动词的过去分词表示被动语态，故 填buried。 6.electricity考查名词的用法。句意为“电力供应已被 切断。”，故填electricity。 7.breathe考查动词的用法。句意为“深呼吸对我们的 健康有益。”。根据句意以及空格前的o可知应选择本 课所学单词breathe,.而不是名词breath,故填breathe。 8.unify考查动词的用法。句意为“新的领导人希望能 够统一国家。”。根据句意以及空格前的to可知应选择 本课所学单词unify,故填uniy。 9.wisdom考查名词的用法。句意为“经验是智慧的源 泉。”。根据句意以及空格前的of可知，此处应填名词， 故填wisdom。 10.context考查名词的用法。句意为“在这个语境中， ‘发展’意味着经济增长。”。根据句意以及空格前的 this可知，此处应填名词，故填contexto 三、 [试题解析] 1.in ruins句意为“这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需 要修理。”。in ruins严重受损；破败不堪。根据句子结构， 此处需要表语。 2.did slight damage to句意为“幸好暴风雨只对农场主 的庄稼造成了轻微的损害。”。根据句子结构，此处需 要谓语。句子中的Fortunately和only与slight damage呼 应。 3.in shock句意为“她将玫瑰花拿进屋，吃惊地看着 它们，不知道是谁送给她的。”。根据句子结构，此处 需要状语。 4.get away from句意为“她特别渴望离开城市，回归 自然。”。根据句子结构，此处需要谓语。 5.as usual句意为“尽管多年来他一直勉强过活，但他 照旧努力工作。”。根据句子结构，此处需要状语。 6.come to an end句意为“天下无不散之筵席。”。根 据句子结构，此处需要谓语。 7.blow away句意为“大风也可能把田地表面的肥沃土 壤刮走。”。根据句子结构，此处需要谓语。 8.spare no effort句意为“他们决心不遗余力来弥补失