Unit 4 Natural Disasters Listening and Speaking 分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Listening and Speaking Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025福建泉州高一上学期开学考) Efforts were underway in Bangladesh to deliver food and drinking water to millions of people struggling after a heavy rain led to flooding,which hit a quarter of the country.There are around 3.5 million Bangladeshis at risk of river flooding every year according to a 2015 report by the World Bank. On Wednesday,at least 17 of the country’s 64 districts(地区),mostly in the northern and north-eastern Sylhet,were suffering from the natural disaster.Government officials said at least 36 people had been killed and about 4.5 million people stuck so far.The floods also caused damage to agriculture(农业),electricity,and clean water supply. Sylhet is among the worst affected,with several areas without electricity.“Many people are in great need of food and drinking water,” said Enam Ahmed,45,living in the worst-hit Sunamganj district.“There is water everywhere but no drinking water.Flood shelters are filled with people but they are not getting enough food,” he said. The situation in Bangladesh has been worsened by rain water falling down from the surrounding hills of India’s Meghalaya state,which received more than 970 mm (38 inches)of rain on Sunday,according to a government report. “The flood situation in the three Barak valley districts continues to be very serious.Army rescuers have evacuated(疏散) thousands of trapped people to safe places.14 rescue teams with more than 70 boats and over 400 men have been pressed into action in the heavily flooded districts,” said a local flood control official.About 5.5 million people have been displaced,about 3.7 million of whom are staying in government-run temporary(临时的) shelters on higher ground. Locals in the flood-affected areas said they had never seen such serious floods before. 1.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.The role played by government officials. B.The people trapped in the disaster. C.The number of districts in the country. D.The damage caused by the floods. 2.What do we know about the flood shelters? A.There is a crying need for food. B.They can provide enough clean water. C.They are too old to hold people. D.There are few villagers staying inside. 3.What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 5 mean? A.Called on. B.Checked out. C.Moved away. D.Sent in. 4.What can we infer from the text? A.More rescue efforts are needed. B.The floods hit the whole country. C.The disaster is the biggest ever. D.Rivers nationwide are at risk. B On August 14,2021,Haiti was hit by a 7.3-magnitude earthquake.The quake destroyed thousands of buildings,injured over 5,700 people,and left at least 1,297 others dead.Haiti has declared a state of emergency(紧急情况). The earthquake struck near the town of Petit-Trou-de-Nippes,in the western part of the country.That’s roughly 125 kilometers west of the capital,Port-au-Prince.The earthquake did serious damage in two nearby cities,Les Cayes and Jeremie,with Les Cayes hit the hardest.Homes,schools,churches,and offices were seriously damaged. The number of injured people was so large that local hospitals have been unable to keep up.A number of medical workers at the general hospital in Les Cayes were themselves trapped in a building.Across the area,people were searching through the rubble(废墟) for survivors.But the earthquake also caused landslides(塌方),making the job even more difficult.There have been many aftershocks—smaller quakes which follow the main earthquake.With many buildings damaged by the earthquake,it was not certain whether the buildings still standing in the area were safe.Many people were choosing to sleep outside rather than taking the risk of sleeping in a building.  Haiti has still not fully returned to normal from a 7.0-magnitude earthquake which destroyed much of Port-au-Prince and killed over 200,000 people in 2010.The country suffered again in 2016,when it was pounded(袭击) by Hurricane Matthew,which caused huge damage in Haiti.Storm Grace is expected to reach Haiti on Monday,bringing heavy rainfall with it. Several countries have offered to help Haiti.The government says the country won’t officially ask for outside help until it is clear how much damage there is in all.But Haiti is not a rich country,and the government may not have the money for major efforts to rebuild the damaged areas. 5.Which was worst affected by the 2021 earthquake? A.Port-au-Prince. B.Jeremie. C.Les Cayes. D.Petit-Trou-de-Nippes. 6.What does the underlined part “the job” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Dealing with landslides. B.Searching for survivors. C.Observing aftershocks. D.Doing building safety-checks. 7.What do we know about Haiti? A.It has begun to rebuild after the 2021 earthquake. B.It has just recovered from the 2010 earthquake. C.It suffered from two kinds of hurricanes in 2016. D.It has experienced serious disasters in recent years. 8.What is Haiti’s attitude to seeking foreign aid? A.Doubtful. B.Favored. C.Cautious. D.Disapproving. Ⅱ.七选五 (2025辽宁名校联盟高一上学期联考) There are some signs that show a person has a sharper mind than 95% of people. He is a fast learner. One sign that he might be more intellectually(智力上) gifted than most people is his speed of learning.Those with a sharper mind pick up new ideas,skills,and information more quickly than others.This quick uptake isn’t just about hard work.　1　  He notices small details(细节). 　2　They notice a small change in someone’s feelings or a mistake in a report that others overlook.This ability isn’t about being picky,but rather about having a complete understanding of the world around him.  He is open-minded. Sharp minded people are open to new ideas and experiences.　3　 Instead,they’re always ready to challenge their own thoughts and consider different viewpoints.This helps them learn and grow.They understand that the world is huge,and there’s always something new to learn.  　4　  People with sharp minds aren’t pleased with just knowing the “what”.They want to understand the “why” and the “how”.They ask questions,look for answers,and explore different point of views.They want to know how a movie is made or how to bake the perfect bread. He welcomes failure. Sharp minded people understand that failure is not the end,but rather an opportunity for growth and learning.　5　 They see each failure as a lesson,a stepping stone towards success.It’s not about falling;it’s about getting back up,stronger and wiser.  A.He is curious about everything. B.He understands others’ feelings. C.They don’t just keep to what they know or believe. D.He picks up on small details that others often miss. E.Sharp minded people often have a great eye for details. F.They don’t shy away from challenges for fear of failing. G.It’s about how well his brain deals with new information. Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025广西南宁高一上学期联考) When light snow began falling,the principal(校长) kept a careful eye on the coming storm.It soon took on qualities of something more terrible.By midday he called the school buses back so the kids could get home 　1　before it was too late.  My students packed their schoolbags,and felt 　2　to be going home early.Then the buses arrived.However,the storm suddenly became heavier and it was 　3　clear that nobody was going anywhere any time soon.The original plan　4　.Over 300 children got 　5　inside the school.  As night drew near and the storm showed no signs of stopping,we began to feel 　6　.What would we feed several hundred children for dinner?Where would they sleep?After every parent was 　7　that their children were safe,people who lived close enough to 　8　 the bad weather were called and asked if they could help.Soon,a handful of people 　9　to travel through the blinding snow,bringing bags of food and 　10　.There wasn’t much food,but everything was shared.Nobody got hungry.When night fell,we 　11　 plans for the kids to sleep.Exhausted(筋疲力尽的),most of them fell asleep soon on the blankets.  　12　,the next morning we awoke to find the storm had stopped.With the roads now 　13　 of snow,our students were soon safely on their way home,and all the teachers breathed a sigh of relief(如释重负).What might have been a(n) 　14　 had instead resulted in strong 　15　 between the community and our school.  1.A.quickly B.safely C.gradually D.carefully 2.A.disappointed B.frightened C.annoyed D.excited 3.A.generally B.gradually C.quickly D.obviously 4.A.broke down B.turned off C.gave up D.went through 5.A.lost B.stuck C.caught D.hit 6.A.worried B.confused C.curious D.bored 7.A.believed B.promised C.told D.heard 8.A.avoid B.brave C.follow D.improve 9.A.attempted B.failed C.managed D.happened 10.A.hats B.socks C.clothes D.blankets 11.A.made B.received C.solved D.changed 12.A.Surely B.Hopefully C.Strangely D.Thankfully 13.A.full B.clear C.sure D.short 14.A.accident B.difficulty C.disaster D.adventure 15.A.challenges B.communications C.movements D.connections 知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.deliver v.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.gradually adv.　　　　　　　　　　　　→gradual adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  3.generally adv.　　　　　　　　　　　→general adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  二、熟词生义 1.stick(stuck;stuck)　本文义:v.　　　　　　  其他义:v.　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.sharp　本文义:adj.　　　　　　　　　  其他义:adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  三、词块速记 1.in great need of　　　　　　　　　　　  2.be pressed into action　　　　　　　　　  3.pick up new ideas　　　　　　　　　　　  四、长难句分析 The situation in Bangladesh has been worsened by rain water falling down from the surrounding hills of India’s Meghalaya state,which received more than 970 mm(38 inches)of rain on Sunday,according to a government report. 分析:这是一个复合句。主句是The situation in Bangladesh has been worsened;which引导非限制性定语从句。 句意:    参考答案 Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了孟加拉国遭遇了目前为止最严重的洪水,洪水造成了巨大灾害,以及目前的救助情况。 1.D　主旨大意题。根据第二段“On Wednesday,at least 17 of the country’s 64 districts,mostly in the northern and north-eastern Sylhet,were suffering from the natural disaster.Government officials said at least 36 people had been killed and about 4.5 million people stuck so far.The floods also caused damage to agriculture,electricity,and clean water supply.”可知,这一段从受灾地区数量、死亡人数和洪水对农业造成的损害等方面详细介绍了洪水带来的破坏。故选D项。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“‘There is water everywhere but no drinking water.Flood shelters are filled with people but they are not getting enough food,’ he said.”可知,洪水避难所里缺乏食物,急需粮食。故选A项。 3.C　词句猜测题。根据第五段最后一句中“about 3.7 million of whom are staying in government-run temporary shelters on higher ground”可知,约370万人住在政府搭建的高地临时避难所,相反还有一部分人则被转移,被迫离开家园,故可推测动词displace意为“转移,离开家园”,与词组move away“搬到别处去”语义相似。故选C项。 4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Locals in the flood-affected areas said they had never seen such serious floods before.”可知,这次洪水灾害是目前最严重的,即最大的。故选C项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海地2021年发生地震的情况以及近几年遭受自然灾害的情况。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The earthquake did serious damage in two nearby cities,Les Cayes and Jeremie,with Les Cayes hit the hardest.”可知,Les Cayes受灾最严重。故选C项。 6.B　词句猜测题。根据画线部分上文“Across the area,people were searching through the rubble for survivors.”可知,地震造成了山体滑坡,这使得搜寻幸存者更加困难。所以画线部分指的是“搜寻幸存者”。 7.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“On August 14,2021,Haiti was hit by a 7.3-magnitude earthquake.”以及倒数第二段中“Haiti has still not fully returned...which caused huge damage in Haiti.”可知,近年来,海地经历了严重的自然灾害。 8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Several countries have offered to help...damage there is in all.”可判断出海地对寻求外援持谨慎的态度。故选C项。 Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了头脑敏锐的人的一些特点。 1.G　根据上句“This quick uptake isn’t just about hard work.”可知,设空处讲述这种快速吸收的另一原因,G项“这与他的大脑处理新信息的能力有关”合乎题意。 2.E　后句“They notice a small change in someone’s feelings or a mistake in a report that others overlook.”具体说明头脑敏锐的人对细节的关注,可知,设空处总结说明头脑敏锐的人对细节的把控,E项“头脑敏锐的人往往对细节有敏锐的洞察力”引领下文。故选E项。 3.C　根据上文“Sharp minded people are open to new ideas and experiences.”可知,设空处承接上句,说明头脑敏锐的人不局限于自己所知道或相信的东西,乐于接受新思想和新经历,C项“他们不拘泥于自己所知道或相信的东西”承接上文,说明他们乐于创新。故选C项。 4.A　设空处概括本段内容,为本段小标题,设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致。根据下文“People with sharp minds aren’t pleased with just knowing the ‘what’.”可知,头脑敏锐的人具有探索精神,对一切都很好奇。A项“他对一切都很好奇”合乎题意。 5.F　根据上文“Sharp minded people understand that failure is not the end”以及下文“They see each failure as a lesson,a stepping stone towards success.”可知,设空处承上启下,说明头脑敏锐的人对失败的看法,F项“他们不会因为害怕失败而回避挑战”合乎题意。故选F项。 Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了学校遭受暴风雪,300多名学生被困,住在附近的人们提供了帮助,让他们度过了灾难。 1.B　根据上文“the principal kept a careful eye on the coming storm.It soon took on qualities of something more terrible”和下文“it was too late”可知,是让孩子们赶在太晚之前安全到家。故选B项。 2.D　根据下文“to be going home early”可知,可以早点回家,学生感到兴奋。故选D项。 3.C　根据句意可知,暴风雪突然更强烈了,因此很快就清楚了短时间内所有人哪里都去不了。故选C项。 4.A　根据上文“nobody was going anywhere any time soon”可知,没有人走得了了,所以之前的(计划)失败了。break down(计划)失败;turn off关闭;give up放弃;go through经历。故选A项。 5.B　根据上文“nobody was going anywhere any time soon”可知,学生是被困在了学校。故选B项。 6.A　根据上文“the storm showed no signs of stopping”可知,暴雪没有停止的迹象,他们开始感到非常担心。故选A项。 7.C　根据下文“that their children were safe”可知,此处指通知家长孩子是安全的。故选C项。 8.B　根据下文“bad weather were called and asked if they could help”可知,是指那些人住得很近,可以冒着风雪来学校帮忙。故选B项。 9.C　根据下文“to travel through the blinding snow,bringing bags of food and 　　　”可知,人们带着东西,设法穿过大雪来帮忙。故选C项。  10.D　根据上文“bringing bags of food”可知,一些人带着一袋袋的食物和毯子,毯子用来保暖。故选D项。 11.A　根据下文“plans for the kids to sleep”可知,制定睡觉的计划,故选A项。 12.D　根据下文“find the storm had stopped”可知,第二天暴风雪停了,这是值得庆幸的。故选D项。 13.B　根据下文“our students were soon safely on their way home”可知,随着道路上的积雪清除,学生很快就安全回家了。故选B项。 14.C　此处指这场暴风雪这场灾难。故选C项。 15.D　根据下文“between the community and our school”可知,此处是指社区和学校之间的联系。故选D项。 知识积累卡 一、1.投递,运送;交付,移交;发表,宣布;接生　2.逐渐地,逐步地　逐渐的,渐进的;平缓的,不陡的　3.笼统地,大概;通常,普遍地　总体的;一般的;大概的;综合的 二、1.困住,使陷入困境　粘,贴;刺,插;伸出;卡住　2.聪明的,敏锐的　锋利的;急剧的;剧烈的;(语言)尖锐的;刺耳的;(风或霜)刺骨的 三、1.急需　2.被迫采取行动　3.接受新想法 四、根据一份政府报告,孟加拉国的情况因雨水从印度梅加拉亚邦周围的山上倾泻而下而恶化,该邦周日降雨量超过970毫米(38英寸)。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $