湖南长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

**基本信息** 这份高二英语期中试卷以时代性情境与梯度化问题设计为特色，涵盖听力、阅读、语言运用及写作，融合太空探索、文化遗产等素材，提升语言能力与跨文化意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|20题/30分|日常对话、独白理解|情境贴近生活（如租房、工作面试），考查信息抓取与推理能力| |阅读|20题/50分|旅游信息、人物传记、历史研究、科技项目|素材含航天员Wang Haoze事迹、唐代气候与政治关联研究，培养文化意识与逻辑思维| |语言运用|25题/30分|词汇辨析、语法填空|完形填空以文化遗址探险为情境，语法填空聚焦遗产保护，融合语言知识与文化传承| |写作|2题/40分|应用文（人物介绍）、读后续写|应用文考查跨文化沟通，续写围绕AI写作伦理，提升表达能力与价值判断|

高二下学期期中考试 英语参考答案 题 序 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 答 案 B B C C A A C B A C B C A C A 题 序 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答 案 A B B B C C B D B B C A C A D 题 序 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答 案 B A D A B G B D A E B B D A C 题 序 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 答 案 D C A B C C D D A B 21. C。细节理解题。文中描述 North York Moors时提到“moonlit coastal walks(月光下的海岸散步)”,这意味着游客可以在夜晚沿着海岸散步，欣赏海景。其他地点均未提及海边景观。 22. B。推理判断题。文中明确提到肯尼迪航天中心提供“live presentations delivered by astronauts(宇航员现场演讲)”,游客可以直接接触和聆听宇航员的分享。其他选项:A(制作蝙蝠箱)属于 North York Moors 的活动;C(参加科学家导览)属于 Mount Teide;D(观察土星环)属于 Pic du Midi。 23. D。细节理解题。 Pic du Midi位于海拔2,877米的高山上,需乘坐缆车到达; Mount Teide 坐落在西班牙最高的山峰上。两者都位于高山上。A(容纳家庭游客)虽都有家庭友好项目，但不是共同特点；B(科学家导览)只明确出现在 Mount Teide;C(免费手持望远镜)只出现在 Mount Teide。 24. B。第一段末尾明确说“This has contributed a lot to her growth, shaping her character and fueling her ambition”,说明提及母亲是为了展示家庭对她性格与成长的影响。A、C、D在原文中均无依据。 25. B。第二段明确写道“After earning her master’ s degree… Wang joined the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute in 2015, engaged in rocket engine pre-research”,即她成为一名研究员。A、C、D均与原文不符。 26. C。从在离心机承受6倍体重的离心力、“Not once did she press it(从未按下紧急按钮)”以及“years of rigoroustraining”到最终入选神舟十九号,可见训练虽极具挑战,但成果丰硕(challenging but rewarding)。A 项中的“fascinating”、B项中的“boring”、D项中的“dangerous”均无直接依据或偏离主旨。 27. A。她在轨183天，按每月30天计算约为6.1个月，超过5个月，故A项正确。B(破纪录)、C(开发AI助手，原文仅为“introducing”)、D(面对面授课,原文为“video-calling”)均与原文不符。 28. C。文章首段指出研究证明“环境不稳定塑造了社会”，第二段明确说研究聚焦于“极端水文事件如何影响政治稳定”。全文核心是将气候变化与政治变迁联系起来，故C项正确。A项与原文相反(研究使用年轮而非质疑)；B项“预测新危机”不是研究目的；D项“分析迁徙原因”过于片面。 29. A。第三段明确说明科学家通过“natural archives(档案)— tree rings”(树木年轮)来获取气候数据,并详细解释了湿润年份年轮宽、干旱年份年轮窄的原理。B、C、D在原文中均未提及。 30. D。第四段详细描述了气候引发的因果链条：极端天气增多→作物歉收、供给中断、饥饿蔓延→人口南迁→政治动荡→唐朝灭亡。这说明气候引发了一系列事件最终导致王朝衰落，故 D项正确。A“直接导致”过于绝对；B“主要原因”未与其他因素比较；C“物理摧毁防御”与原文不符(是给守军及其家庭施加压力)。 31. B。最后一段 Kempf的原话:“Our results are approximations(近似值). The actual conditions at that time cannotbe reconstructed with certainty.(研究结果是近似值,无法确定地重建当时实际情况。)”这说明他认为这些结果是估算值，需要谨慎对待，故B正确。A“夸大环境作用”、C“忽视社会结构”、D“准确且广泛适用”均与他的表述相反。 32. A。推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。 33. D。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。 34. A。细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。 35. B。标题判断题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到 NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项 B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为中国文化学习者，在云南亲身体验过桥米线的过程与感受。 36. G。前文“In 2024, when I traveled to Yunnan, I finally experienced this famous dish firsthand.(在 2024年,当我前往云南旅行时，我终于亲身体验到了这道著名的菜肴。)”讲终于亲身品尝过桥米线，此处顺承表达此次体验的整体感受,引出下文就餐细节。 G 选项“The experience was absolutely extraordinary in every possible way.(这次体验简直堪称非凡。)”既承接上文提到的亲身体验，又引出下文体验的过程与感受。故选 G。 37. B。后文“Each ingredient was presented separately, allowing me to customize my bowl according to mypreference. The waiter placed a large bowl of hot broth(肉汤) in front of me, followed by thinly sliced meats,fresh vegetables, quail eggs, tofu skin, and herbs.(每种食材都是单独摆放的,让我可以根据自己的喜好来搭配碗中的食物。服务员把一大碗热汤放在我的面前，接着是切得薄薄的肉类、新鲜的蔬菜、鹌鹑蛋、豆腐皮和香草。)”详细描述上菜的传统流程,此处总起上菜方式,衔接下文。B 选项“The dish was served in a traditional manner.(这道菜是以传统的方式呈上的。)”引出下文对上菜方式的具体描写。故选 B。 38. D。上文“Following the traditional method, I first added the raw meat slices into the hot broth, watching themcook instantly. Then, I added the vegetables, tofu and eggs, letting them blend into the broth.(按照传统的方法,我首先将生肉片放入热汤中，看着它们立刻煮熟。然后，我加入蔬菜、豆腐和鸡蛋，让它们与汤汁融合在一起。)”描述了作者依次加入肉片、蔬菜等食材的过程。D 选项“Finally, I carefully placed the rice noodles into the bowl.(最后，我小心翼翼地将米粉放入碗中。)”符合食用过桥米线的顺序，且 Finally 与上文的 first、Then 形成时间逻辑链。故选 D。 39. A。下文“The broth, made from slow-simmered chicken and pork bones, was rich and deeply comforting. Therice noodles were incredibly smooth, almost jellylike, yet with a satisfying chewiness.(这道汤汁由慢炖的鸡骨和猪骨熬制而成，味道浓郁且令人倍感温暖。米粉滑润无比，近乎凝胶状，但又有着令人满意的嚼劲。)”从肉汤、米线、食材口感等多个维度详细描述了作者品尝过桥米线时的味觉感受。A 选项“The first bite was an explosion offlavors.(第一口食物便是一股浓郁的味觉冲击。)”引出下文的描述。故选 A。 40. E。上文“Trying the dish in Yunnan was an experience that connected me to China's rich culinary heritage andreaffirmed(再次确定) the deep bond between food and culture. This dish, with its rich broth, silky noodles, andheartwarming service, is a representation of the beauty of Chinese cuisine.(在云南品尝这道菜,让我与中国的丰富饮食文化产生了联系，并再次确认了食物与文化之间深厚的联系。这道菜凭借其浓郁的汤汁、柔滑的米粉和温馨的服务，展现了中国美食的美妙之处。)”总结了这道美食展现了中国饮食之美。E 选项“And now, it holds aspecial place in my personal journey as well.(而如今,它在我的个人经历中也占据了一席之地。)”升华了个人情感，与文章开头作者作为文化学习者的身份呼应。故选 E。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参观哥伦比亚的“失落之城” Ciudad Perdida 的经历。 41. B。句意：没有火车或公共汽车可以让你容易地到达它的遗址。A.长的；B.容易的；C.频繁的；D.无尽的。故选B。 42. B。句意：要亲眼领略它的绝美风光，唯有徒步而行——这是一段充满挑战的多日跋涉之旅。A.想象；B.亲眼见证、目睹；C.记住；D.忽视。 43. D。句意:尽管这样我仍无法抗拒参观 Ciudad Perdida 的机会。A.抓住;B.获得;C.促进,提升;D.抵制,抗拒。根据“Twelve other hikers and I went there”可知,作者无法抗拒去参观的机会。 couldn’ t resist 意为“无法抗拒”。故选 D。 44. A。句意：我和另外12个徒步旅行者在一个有执照的导游的陪同下去了那里。A.陪伴，陪同； B.组合； C.和谐；D.交流。 in company with sb.意为“与某人一起”。根据“with a licensed guide”可知,导游陪伴“我们”旅行。故选 A。 45. C。句意：这条泥土路蜿蜒穿过一棵棵高耸的棕榈树和一条条悬挂的藤蔓，证明这条路从一开始就具有挑战性。A. broke(through)冲破;B. searched(through)翻找,搜寻;C. wound(through)蜿蜒穿过;D. pulled(through)(病后)康复。根据“The dirt path”可知,小路应是蜿蜒向前。故选 C。 46. D。句意同上。A.令人失望的；B.令人尴尬的；C.令人吃惊的；D.具有挑战性的。根据下文提到的高温和肌肉疼痛可知这次徒步旅行是具有挑战性的，此处指一开始就具有挑战性。故选 D。 47. C。句意:一路上,我们也遇到了本地人。A.研究者;B.参观者;C.本地人;D.外国人。根据“They had been leftundisturbed for centuries”可知,沿路最有可能遇到的是本地人,因为这是很少有人涉足的地方。故选C。 48. A。句意：数个世纪以来，它们一直安然无恙、未受惊扰，他们和这片土地之间有着深厚的联系。A.联系，纽带；B.区别;C.相似点;D.冲突。故选 A。 49. B。句意：次日清晨，为避开酷暑我们早早出发，但抵达终点阶段(需攀登1200级石阶)时，高温与肌肉酸痛已悄然袭来。A.不考虑，解雇，解散，不予受理；B.避免；C.测试；D.丢弃。根据“we were off early”可知,“我们”早出发是为了避开酷暑。故选 B。 50. C。句意同上。A.获胜;B.突出;C.开始,来临;D.(炸弹)爆炸,(警报器)突发巨响。根据“After I finally liftedmy painful body up the long flight of stairs”可知,高温和肌肉疼痛已经开始了。故选 C。 51. C。句意同第49题。A.修建;B.捡起;C.行走(一段路程);D.数数。此处表示“我们”要走1200个石阶。故选C。 52. D。句意：终于，我拖着疲惫不堪的身躯爬上了长长的楼梯，眼前便是那促使我历经艰辛才到达的地方：失落之城。A.暂停;B.预测;C.简化;D.激励。根据前文“Despite this,I couldn’ t 43 the opportunity to visit CiudadPerdida.”可知,是 Ciudad Perdida 激励“我”开始这段艰苦的旅程。故选 D。 53. D。句意:尽管我已达成目标,但这段经历仍值得再次体验。A. fixed固定,修理;B. overcome克服;C. memorized记忆;D. accomplished完成,达成。故选 D。 54. A。句意同上。A.再一次;B.否则;C.然而;D.代替,而不是。根据“Earned views were always better.”可知“我”对这次经历印象深刻。因此愿意再次体验。故选 A。 55. B。句意：正是挑战使这次旅程更有意义。A.敏感的；B.值得的，有意义的；C.受欢迎的；D.灵活的。这是一个强调句,根据“Earned views were always better.”可推断出,挑战使这次旅程变得更有意义。故选 B。 56. currently。考查词性转换。根据句意“目前,全球共有约1100处世界文化和自然遗产,分布在160多个国家”。需要填副词,故填 currently。 57. shorter。考查形容词比较级。根据后面的“than”可知,此处需要用形容词 short 的比较级形式 shorter。 58. shook。考查谓语动词(一般过去时)。根据时间状语“In 2003”以及并列的谓语动词“ruined”可知,动作发生在过去,需用一般过去时,故填 shake 的过去式 shook。 59. or。考查连词(逻辑关系)。句意为“无论是意外还是故意，战争已摧毁了无数珍贵遗址”。 60. of。考查介词。 examples of…意为“……的例子”,故填介词 of。 61. increases。考查谓语动词(一般现在时)。人口的持续增长增加了(人们)对商品与消费的需求，从而对文化遗产地构成了威胁。主语是 Human population growth,故填三人称单数形式 increases。 62. putting。考查非谓语动词(现在分词作结果状语)。putting 作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 63. which。考查定语从句。先行词是 The Historic Centre of Vienna(物),在从句中作主语,且引导非限制性定语从句,故用关系代词 which。 64. What。考查名词性从句(主语从句)。What 引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“最让我们惊讶的事”。此处考查名词性从句中的主语从句引导词。 65. survival。考查词性转换(名词作宾语)。空格处作动词 ensure 的宾语,需要用名词形式,故填动词 survive 的名词形式 survival。 第四部分 写作 第一节 【参考范文1】 Dear Jim, It's great to hear from you. Knowing that you take a strong interest in Chinese historical figures, I'd like to talk about Zheng He, a distinguished navigator in the Ming Dynasty. Leading seven official voyages overseas, Zheng He traveled to many countries, promoting cultural exchange and friendly cooperation between China and foreign nations. I truly admire him because he was courageous and responsible. It is obvious that his great deeds have left a deep impression on people at home and abroad. Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know. Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文 2】 Dear Jim, It's great to hear from you. Glad to know that you want to learn about Chinese history, I feel honored to introduce Zeng Guofan, an outstanding statesman in the Qing Dynasty. Devoting himself to national development and education, Zeng Guofan made great efforts to bring positive changes to the whole country. The reason why I like him is that he kept strict self-discipline and lifelong learning. His noble quality encourages me to improve myself constantly. I hope you enjoy learning about him. Let me know if you want to know more! Yours, Li Hua 第二节 【参考范文】 The next morning, Jack went back to the teacher's office. His hands trembled as he knocked on the door. WhenMs. Cathy looked up, he took a deep breath and confessed,“I didn't write the essay myself—I used AI.” Tears welled up in his eyes as he explained his struggle with writing and his regret. To his surprise, Ms. Cathy smiled gently.“Honesty takes courage, Jack,” she said.“The competition is about growth, not just winning.” Her words,calm yet powerful, gave him the courage to face his own weakness. Encouraged by Ms. Cathy, Jack decided to rewrite on his own. Sitting at his desk that afternoon, he stared at the blank paper for a long time before finally picking up his pen. The words came slowly and imperfectly, but they were truly his. After several revisions, he completed the essay and felt a sense of relief he had never experienced before. When he showed it to Ms. Cathy, she smiled with approval. At that moment, Jack realized that true success lay not in winning a prize, but in having the courage to be honest and trust himself. 【语篇导读】本文讲述了学生 Jack在英语写作比赛中借助AI完成作文并谎称为自己作品的经历。在获得老师认可后，他却陷入深深的内心挣扎，在诚信与荣誉之间反复权衡。故事围绕“是否坦白”这一核心冲突展开，刻画了人物复杂的心理变化，突出了诚实、责任与自我成长的主题。 【段落内容】 第一段：Jack走进老师的办公室，向老师坦白真相；老师没有严厉批评，而是以鼓励的态度加以引导，强调诚实的重要性，并鼓励他重新尝试、弥补错误。 第二段：Jack亲自重写作文，在实践中找回信心；最终他再次面对老师，获得认可，也在这一过程中领悟到诚信与真实努力的价值，实现自我成长。 情节概要：Jack坦白——老师鼓励——Jack重写作文——获得成长 听力材料 Text 1 W: Dr Jason gave us a wonderful speech about ecology on behalf of the Academy of Sciences. M: Yes. He is knowledgeable and hard-working. He made a comprehensive study of the subject. Text 2 W: Are you done packing yet? Hurry up! You know we still have to clean after we pack. M: I know, I know. But we still have to pack everything carefully so that nothing gets damaged. Text 3 W: I think you' re supposed to get in line back there. M: I'm sorry. I didn't see the line. Text 4 M: That meeting was such a waste of time. W: You' re right. It was too lengthy, and we didn't achieve anything. M: We were in there for three hours, and no one even brought up the most important matters on the agenda. Text 5 M: Do you find your job hard in the learning centre for kids? I sometimes get annoyed with kids. They are troublesome. W: No, not at all. Working with kids is so much more fun than working with grown-ups. Text 6 M: Karen, I heard you' re looking for work. What about teaching physics in my school? We' re looking for some physics teachers now. W: Are you kidding me? I don't have a physics degree or physics education. How can I do this job well? M: Well, it's really hard to find physics teachers in the state now. Don't you know that many high school physics teachers in the US don't have a physics degree or physics education? Two of my colleagues have no physics degree, either. W: Really? That's hard to believe. But I'd rather do something else, though I love teaching. I don't think people without a physics degree or physics education should teach this subject. M: I guess you' re right. But it's really a big problem in our country now. I hope more people will be educated to become physics teachers. W: Me, too. Text 7 M: Good afternoon, ma' am. How can we help you at Loan Finder? W: Hello. I'd like to take out a loan to buy a house. M: All right. First, we will need to see your bank statement and credit report. We' ll also need a list of all the property you own— houses, land, cars, even shared vacation homes. W: OK, well, I don't own any of those. M: Fine. We also need a copy of your tax returns for the last five years. W: Really? I don't know if I even kept copies that long. M: You can ask the government to send you copies. Some more documents we need are your driver's license or other form of ID, marriage certificate, and passport. If you' ve taken out any other loans in the past three years, we need to have that information, too. W: Wow, that's a lot of information! Do you need to read all of my personal emails, too? Text 8 W: You' ll never believe what happened to me last week. M: When you were visiting Laura? W: Yes. When we were walking up to her apartment on Monday, I tripped on the stairs. I couldn't catch myself, andI landed right on my nose! M: Ouch! Did you break it? W: No, but it hurt a little. I felt so embarrassed, because it happened in front of her friends. If I had only been withLaura, I wouldn't have minded. But that's not all that happened during my trip. M: Let me guess— you fell down the stairs, too? W: Close. We were walking by the river early Wednesday morning. I looked up at some birds in the sky and fell down! Once again, I fell right on my nose! M: Wow! What bad luck! W: You won't believe it, but it happened a third time! M: You' re kidding! W: I'm not. This time, we were walking quickly to catch the train on Friday. I was wearing a long skirt and must have tripped on it. I fell flat on my face again. Despite all the falls, my nose feels fine right now. M: You' re lucky— but pretty clumsy! Text 9 M: Miss Jones, could you tell me more about your last job? W: Yes, certainly. I was a marketing consultant for 10 Italian restaurants. M: Which markets were you responsible for? W: Europe and China. M: I know that you speak Chinese. Have you ever been to China? W: Yes, I have. I spent a few months in China in 2011. I met all the key people in the tourism industry. Because Ispeak Chinese, I had a very big advantage. M: Have you had any contact with China in your present job? W: Yes, quite a lot. In fact, the market for all types of luxury holidays for Chinese tourists has increased a lot recently. M: Really? I'd like to hear more about that. Tell me, though, how did you travel when you were in China? W: I usually traveled by train. I love train travel. That's why I'm very interested in this job. Sometimes I took planes, but only when I was in a hurry. Text 10 W: In our programme today, we’ ll talk about amusement parks. As places to have fun, they first appeared in theUS in the 1800s. For many years, the most famous amusement parks in the world were in Coney Island, New York.Around the 1820s, Coney Island was a popular place for wealthy people. In the late 1800s, it became popular with working class people, too. Several amusement parks were built there in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Today, 10million people a year still visit Coney Island. The US amusement parks began to change in the mid-1900s. Before that time, they were usually found in cities.Now they are mostly away from the city centre. Today, most amusement parks are called“theme parks”. Their rides, shows, restaurants, and shops follow historical or cultural themes. At most US theme parks, people do not have to pay for each ride or show. They only pay the entrance fee. Then they can see the shows and go on the rides as many times as they want to in one day. Of course, they must pay for any food or souvenirs they buy in the park. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二下学期期中考试 英 语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上白案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每对话读两遍。 1. What do we know about Dr Jason? A. He works in an ecology company. B. He has a deep understanding of ecology. C. He wrote many popular science books. 2. Why does the man have to pack carefully? A. To save more time for cleaning. B. To make sure nothing gets damaged. C. To make sure nothing gets forgotten. 3. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Wait for her. B. Move forward C. Wait in line. 4. What was the meeting like? A. It was boring. B. It was productive. C. It was inefficient. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She likes her job. B. The job is annoying. C. Kids are often troublesome. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is most probably the man A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A physicist. 7. Why doesn't Karen teach physics? A. She has no opportunity. B. She isn't interested in teaching. C. She doesn't think she's qualified. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. What does the woman want to do? A. Rent a house. B. Get a loan. C. Get her credit report. 9. How many years of tax returns does the woman need to provide? A.5. B.3. C.1. 10. What does the woman probably mean in the end? A. She has a lot of information in her emails. B. She can't give the man more information. C. The man is asking for too much information. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至13题。 11. Where did the woman go last week? A. To a concert. B. To a friend's house. C. To a clothing store with Laura. 12. Why did the woman fall the second time? A. She tripped on some steps. B. Her foot got caught by her skirt. C. She looked up at the sky while walking. 13. How is the woman now? A. Her nose doesn't hurt. B. Her nose is broken. C. She has a headache. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 16题。 14. What was the woman responsible for in her last job? A. Management. B. Translation. C. Marketing. 15 What benefited the woman a lot during her business trip to. China? A. Her language skills. B. Her professional skills. C. Her meetings with key people. 16. What does the woman like best about this job? A. Train travel. B. Plane travel. C. High salary. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至 20题。 17. When were the first amusement parks built in the US? A. In the 1700s. B. In the 1800s. C. In the 1900s. 18. What does the speaker say about Coney Island? A It doesn't appeal to people today. B. It was popular with the rich in the beginning C. It attracted the working class in the late 1900s. 19. What does the entrance fee cover in most US theme parks? A. Gifts and souvenirs. B. Shows and rides C. Food and drinks. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. Amusement parks in Coney Island. B. The facilities in US amusement parks. C. The development of US amusement parks. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A recent landing on the moon has awakened or renewed people's enthusiasm for the stars and space exploration. Here are four trip ideas to inspire those would-be astronauts and astronomers. Pic du Midi, France There are few observatories where you can observe stars before retiring to a comfortable cabin and watch the sunrise. Getting to the Pic du Midi Observatory is also an adventure in itself, involving a ride on two cable cars up to a 2,877-meter-high mountain. The guided astronomy sessions help kids discover Saturn and its rings via powerful telescopes. North York Moors, England As an International Dark Sky Reserve in the world, this lovely part of Yorkshire,England plays host to one of the UK's family-friendly National Parks Dark Skies Festivals. Well timed to coincide with the latter part of autumn half term in England,the North York Moors Dark Skies Fringe Festival includes bat box making, evenings with winter birds and moonlit coastal walks. Kennedy Space Center, America The NASA-operated Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex is a must for ambitious astronauts and space-lovers. Hands-on experiences range from live presentations delivered by astronauts to the new Astronaut Training Experience Center. Children aged10 to 17 can experience spacewalking and exploring Mars. Mount Teide, Spain Home to the largest solar observatory in the world, it sits on Spain's highest mountain. Ride the cable car up for a scientist-led tour, which includes the chance to observe the sun through hand-held solar telescopes. The special family tour includes an attractive 90-minute workshop exploring how observatory physicists carry out their research. 21. Which trip suits the visitors expecting the sea view at night? A. Pic du Midi. B. Mount Teide. C. North York Moors. D. Kennedy Space Center. 22. What activity can visitors do at Kennedy Space Center? A. Make a bat box. B. Contact astronauts. C. Attend a scientist-led tour. D. Observe the rings of Saturn. 23. What do Pic du Midi and Mount Teide have in common? A. They accommodate family tourists. B. They include a tour led by scientists. C. They offer free hand-held telescopes. D. They are located on high mountains. B Born in 1990 in Hebei province, Wang Haoze, China's first female space flight engineer, grew up with a strong belief from her mother that“there is nothing a girl cannot do” This has contributed a lot to her growth, shaping her character and fueling her ambition. After earning her master's degree from Southeast University, Wang joined the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute in 2015, engaged in rocket engine pre-research.When China began the process to select its third group of astronauts in 2018, she seized the opportunity and applied. Transitioning from an engineer to an astronaut required not only technical knowledge and skills but also outstanding adaptability, physical fitness and mental resilience. The training included exhausting physical conditioning, psychological training and space environment simulations. During centrifuge(离心机) tests, Wang endured forces six times her body weight, with her hands resting on a red button that could stop the machine at any moment. Not once did she press it.“I am the only woman among the country's third group of astronauts,” she says,“and I don't think I should receive special treatment. I had the competence and confidence to compete with my other 17teammates.” After years of rigorous training, Wang was selected for the Shenzhou-19 mission.On October 29, 2024, she was introduced to the public. She spent 183 days in orbit,carrying out 86 scientific experiments, video- calling students from Bulgaria, and introducing an AI assistant named“Xiaohang” to help with daily tasks. On April 30,2025, she returned to Earth safely. Reflecting on her journey, Wang said:“From being a rocket engine designer to a space engineer, my role has evolved, yet my unwavering commitment to serving my country through space exploration remains the same.” Her story is powerful evidence of what determination and hard work can achieve. 24. Why is Wang's mother mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To show the source of Wang's interest. B. To emphasize family influence on Wang's character. C. To show off Wang's childhood. D. To illustrate Wang's original dream. 25. What was Wang's choice after earning her master's degree? A. To become a teacher. B. To work as a researcher. C. To train as an astronaut. D. To further study abroad. 26. How can we describe Wang's training as an astronaut? A. Exhausting but fascinating. B. Painful and boring. C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Competitive and dangerous. 27. Which of the following is TRUE about Wang's Shenzhou-19 mission? A. She spent more than 5 months in orbit. B. She set a new record for the longest space stay. C. She developed a new AI assistant called“Xiaohang”. D. She lectured to students face to face. C Climate-driven migration(迁徙) is often viewed as a modern crisis, but history tells a different story. A team of researchers from the University of Basel has shown that large-scale environmental instability shaped societies more than a thousand years ago. Their study examined how severe hydrological(水文学的 ) extremes such as prolonged droughts and destructive floods in the late Tang Dynasty influenced political stability in China. The research focused on northern China, particularly the region surrounding the Yellow River, an area central to agriculture, transportation, and political power. To understand how the climate shifted during this critical period, scientists turned to natural archives(档案)— tree rings. In wetter years, sufficient rainfall allows trees to grow more quickly, producing wider rings. In dry years, growth slows, leaving narrower rings. The longer a tree lives, the further back this environmental record extends,offering a detailed timeline of past climate conditions. The team relied on long-term tree ring datasets from the Yellow River basin to reconstruct historical runoff(径流量)patterns, which directly affected farming. Their findings revealed that a rise in severe weather events played a part in the fall of the Tang Dynasty in 907 CE. More frequent droughts and floods placed intense pressure on the soldiers responsible for defending the frontiers, as well as on their families. Crop failures became common due to extreme weather. With shortages mounting, supply routes collapsing, and hunger spreading, many people migrated south in search of better conditions, leading to political destabilization and contributing to theTang Dynasty's fall. However, the study's first author Michael Kempf emphasizes,“Our results are approximations(近似值). The actual conditions at that time cannot be reconstructed with certainty. It's a complex mutual effect of many different factors.” The study concluded that environmental phenomena and their consequences can disrupt social structures and destabilize political systems. This is a development that could occur more frequently in view of climate change today. 28. What is the main purpose of the study? A. To question tree rings for climate research. B. To predict the potential new climate crises. C. To link climate change to political changes. D. To analyze the reason for ancient migration. 29. How did the researchers get climate data of the Tang Dynasty? A. By studying ancient trees’ growth patterns. B. By surveying the ancient migration routes. C. By analyzing official historical documents. D. By examining the remains of ancient crops. 30. What did the research find about the role of climate in the late Tang Dynasty? A. It directly contributed to the end of the dynasty. B. It was the major reason for the dynasty's collapse. C. It physically destroyed most of the dynasty's frontier defence. D. It set off a chain of events causing the dynasty's fall. 31. What does Michael Kempf think of the findings? A. They overstate environmental roles. B. They are estimates and require caution. C They ignore Tang's social structures. D. They are accurate and widely applicable. D Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物)from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York. HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they' re close to a solution.“We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager. “There are no tests,” Gordon says.“There is no standard homework. There almost are no grades, other than‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’ s‘I' ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and ... it's not a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review of your product.” Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills. These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach.And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. 32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station? A. They are hard to get rid of. B They lead to air pollution. C. They appear in different forms. D. They damage the instruments. 33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program? A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B. To sharpen students’ communication skills. C. To allow students to experience zero gravity. D. To link space technology with school education. 34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program? A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs. C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a student of Chinese language and culture, I was introduced to many fascinating aspects of the country's culinary(烹饪的) heritage. One dish that particularly stood out in my studies was Crossing Bridge Rice Noodles, a specialty from Yunnan Province. In2024, when I traveled to Yunnan, I finally experienced this famous dish firsthand. 36 Walking into a traditional Yunnan restaurant and settling down, I felt anticipation that only a long-awaited experience can bring. 37 Each ingredient was presented separately, allowing me to customize my bowl according to my preference. The waiter placed a large bowl of hot broth(肉汤) in front of me, followed by thinly sliced meats,fresh vegetables, quail eggs, tofu skin, and herbs. Then, the most exciting part came:white, smooth, and silky rice noodles. Following the traditional method, I first added the raw meat slices into the hot broth, watching them cook instantly. Then, I added the vegetables, tofu and eggs,letting them blend into the broth. 38 As I lifted the noodles with my chopsticks,their delicate texture was evident—— soft, yet firm enough to hold their shape. 39 The broth, made from slow-simmered chicken and pork bones, was rich and deeply comforting. The rice noodles were incredibly smooth, almost jellylike, yet with a satisfying chewiness. The combination of fresh ingredients created a balance of textures—— tender meat, crisp vegetables, and silky noodles, all coming together harmoniously. Trying the dish in Yunnan was an experience that connected me to China's rich culinary heritage and reaffirmed(再次确定) the deep bond between food and culture.This dish, with its rich broth, silky noodles, and heartwarming service, is a representation of the beauty of Chinese cuisine. 40 A. The first bite was an explosion of flavors. B. The dish was served in a traditional manner. C. What amazed me was how familiar the flavors felt. D. Finally, I carefully placed the rice noodles into the bowl. E. And now, it holds a special place in my personal journey as well. F. While studying in Beijing, I often heard about the legendary dish. G. The experience was absolutely extraordinary in every possible way. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Hidden deep in the jungle of Colombia sits Ciudad Perdida, the“Lost City”, which is more than 600 years older than Machu Picchu. There are no trains or buses allowing for 41 travels to reach its ruins. The only way to 42 its beauty firsthand is on foot: a tough multi-day hike. Despite this, I couldn't 43 the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida. Twelve other hikers and I went there in 44 with a licensed guide. The dirt path, which 45 through towering palms and dangling vines(垂落的藤蔓), proved 46 right from the start. Along the way we also met the 47 . They had been left undisturbed for centuries and there was a deep 48 between them and the land. The next morning, we were off early to 49 the heat, but the high temperature and muscle pain had already 50 by the time we reached the final stage—1,200 stone steps to 51 . After I finally lifted my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes intently rested on the scene that had 52 the back-breaking journey: Ciudad Perdida. Sitting on one of the highest terraces(台阶), I looked down and admired the beautiful site below. Although I had already 53 my goal, the experience was one I would do 54 . It was the challenge that made the journey a more 55 one. Earned views were always better. 41. A. long B. easy C. frequent D. endless 42. A. imagine B. witness C remember D. ignore 43. A. grasp B. obtain C. promote D. resist 44.A.company B.combination C. harmony D.communication 45. A. broke B. searched C. wound D. pulled 46. A. disappointing B. embarrassing C. amazing D. challenging 47. A. researchers B. visitors C. natives D. foreigners 48. A. bond B. distinction C. similarity D. conflict 49. A. dismiss B. avoid C. test D. abandon 50. A. won out B. stood out C. set in D. gone off 51. A. construct B. pick C. cover D. count 52. A. suspended B predicted C. simplified D. motivated- 53. A. fixed B. overcome C. memorized D. accomplished 54. A. again B. otherwise C. though D. instead 55. A. sensitive B. rewarding C. popular D. flexible 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 UNESCO is fighting to preserve the world's cultural and natural heritage. There are 56 (current) around I,100 sites in over 160 countries. Unfortunately, many are in urgent danger due to natural forces, human activities, and rapid development. Natural forces like wind and water gradually wear down heritage sites. For example, the Great Pyramid of Giza is now several metres 57 (short) than before.Natural disasters can also cause severe damage. In 2003, a terrible earthquake 58 (shake) south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of Bam, a UNESCO site. Human activities are particularly harmful. Wars, whether accidental 59 on purpose, have destroyed invaluable heritage sites. Meanwhile, the flood of tourists leads to wear and tear. The temples of Angkor are classic examples 60 unique architecture. Thousands of tourists climbing the stone steps every day are wearing down these ancient buildings. Human population growth 61 (increase) the demand for production and consumption of goods, thus 62 (put) heritage sites in danger. The Historic Centre of Vienna, 63 is famous as Europe's musical capital, is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger because of high-rise constructions. 64 surprises us most is that the disappearance of heritage sites would be disastrous. Take the Great Barrier Reef as an example. Its loss would harm marine life and destroy local livelihoods. We all share a joint responsibility to protect these treasures. Let's take action to ensure their 65 (survive). 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给 Jim回信，内容包括： (1)该人物的简要介绍； (2)你喜欢该人物的原因。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (3)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jim, It's great to hear from you. Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The English writing competition drew near. Jack, who had always struggled to put his thoughts into coherent words, determined to turn to AI for help. He simply input the given theme of the competition, added a few key words, and hit“generate”. Much to his delight, in less than 5 minutes, the screen lit up. A vivid and well-structured essay was presented. Jack was amazed by how effortlessly the well-chosen words flowed on the page. Without a second thought, Jack signed his name and submitted the piece, ignoring the tiny voice of guilt from the bottom of his heart. His essay stood out among hundreds of entries and was selected to represent the school in the municipal-level contest. When his English teacher, Ms. Cathy, called him to her office, Jack's heart skipped a beat. With a gentle but firm tone, Ms. Cathy looked straight into his eyes and asked,“Jack, I need you to tell me the truth—— did you write this essay entirely on your own?” The question hung in the air, heavy and inescapable. Jack's mind went blank for a moment. The thought of losing the chance to compete, of being laughed at by his classmates for cheating, overwhelmed him. Taking a shaky breath, he kept his eyes off the teacher and nodded,“Yes, Ms. Cathy. Every word is mine.” Ms. Cathy nodded, seemingly satisfied, and patted his shoulder,“That's great.Your genuine hard work will pay off. This essay has a unique perspective, and I'm sure it will shine at the municipal contest.” But Jack didn't feel any joy. On the contrary, a sense of guilt weighed heavily on him. That night, he tossed and turned in bed, unable to fall asleep. The lie he had told kept echoing in his ears. He thought about Ms. Cathy's trusting eyes, about the meaning of the competition, and about how proud he would have felt if he had written the essay himself. He was torn between the fear of being exposed and the desire to do the right thing. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning, Jack went back to the teacher's office. Encouraged by Ms. Cathy, Jack decided to rewrite on his own. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $