精品解析：湖南衡阳市第八中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试试题英语试题

绝密★启用前 衡阳市八中2024届高二下学期期中考试试题（2026.5） 英 语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Getting Along with Grizzlies (灰熊) Almost three-quarters of all young females that grow up in the Elk Valley die young. In fact, after tracking 70 bears between 2016 and 2022, experts found survival rates for young grizzlies in the Elk Valley are the lowest recorded in North America. Causes of grizzly deaths Deaths of the 15 tracked bears during that period: Conflict with Humans: 46.6% Vehicle Crashes: 40% Natural Causes: 6.7% Unknown Causes: 6.7% Challenges to human-bear coexistence in the Elk Valley The chance of young grizzly survival in the Elk Valley is the lowest in North America, but adult bears survive well once they learn to travel through the area safely. But these bears are young and tend to cause conflicts. The Elk Valley has the highest rates of human-bear conflict in the province and about1/3 of all human-caused bear deaths in provincial databases. Only 1 in 3 road and railway crashes with grizzly bears occur here. Measures taken Since April 2024, the government has taken effort to help humans and bears share the landscape. One of the most effective tools is electric fencing, which reduces damage to infrastructure (基础设施) by 80%-100%. It keeps bears away from attractants like garbage, which reduces conflicts. These simple, low-cost measures are saving lives — on both sides. As someone puts it, “Coexistence is a two-way street. If we want bears to survive, we have to be willing to change, too.” 1. How many tracked grizzlies died due to human-related causes? A. 40%. B. 46.6%. C. 86.6%. D. 93.3%. 2. Why is the number of grizzlies stable in the Elk Valley? A. Their death rate decreases. B. Some learn to travel safely. C. Their survival gets protected. D. Some move in from nearby. 3. What is the main function of electric fencing? A. Saving humans from bears. B. Preventing conflict and loss. C. Letting bears trust humans. D. Cutting the bear control cost. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了埃尔克谷灰熊(尤其是幼熊)生存率极低的现状、死亡原因、人熊共存面临的挑战，以及政府为促进人熊共存所采取的有效措施。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Causes of grizzly deaths”部分的数据：Conflict with Humans (与人类冲突): 46.6%，Vehicle Crashes (车辆碰撞): 40%，Natural Causes (自然原因): 6.7%，Unknown Causes (未知原因): 6.7%。题目问的是“human-related causes (人类相关原因)”，应包括“Conflict with Humans (与人类冲突)”和“Vehicle Crashes (车辆碰撞)”两项，两者相加为46.6% + 40% = 86.6%。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Challenges to human-bear coexistence”部分“The chance of young grizzly survival in the Elk Valley is the lowest in North America, but adult bears survive well once they learn to travel through the area safely. (埃尔克谷幼灰熊的生存几率是北美最低的，但成年熊学会安全穿行该区域后存活率很高。)”可知，虽然幼熊死亡率极高，但成年熊存活率高，种群数量仍能保持稳定，说明有新的熊从附近迁入补充了种群。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of the most effective tools is electric fencing, which reduces damage to infrastructure by 80%-100%. It keeps bears away from attractants like garbage, which reduces conflicts. (最有效的工具之一是电围栏，可将基础设施损毁减少80%-100%。它能让熊远离垃圾等吸引物，从而减少冲突。)”可知，电围栏的主要功能是既减少损失又减少冲突，即预防冲突和损失。 B As Wang Xueru packed her bag, sharp cramps twisting (绞痛) her stomach, a student silently approached. The girl placed a folded note and a warm heat patch into her hand. Wang unfolded the paper: “If the sky is cloudy, I will be your sunshine.” In that instant, the plain classroom walls of Mengla No. 1 High School in rural Yunnan seemed to glow. The stomach pain and daily weariness didn’t vanish completely, but something warmer — a pure shared kindness between them — rose to ease her discomfort. This quiet and touching moment perfectly defined Wang’s meaningful year as a volunteer teacher there. Wang, 22, graduated from Beijing’s University of International Business and Economics with Chinese literature and international economies degrees. Her true passion was service. Guided by her. Motto “When poor, cultivate yourself; when successful, help the world,” she led campus volunteer groups and launched online literacy projects. Applying for the competitive “Go West” Program (21 chosen yearly from 50 applicants) , her experience helped her earn a spot. Far from her coastal hometown Quanzhou, Wang teaches in mountainous Mengla County. Her classroom holds not just textbooks and knowledge, but deep trust with students. The student’s note was more than physical comfort; it reflected the sincere connection built through daily interactions. “People may think rural teaching is just giving lessons,” Wang said. “But it’s more — it’s showing up even in hardship, caring about their struggles and letting them see your efforts. That note? It was sunshine I gave first, now returned.” Wang knows her role transcends (超越) academics. In Mengla, she cultivates hope in students’ hearts — one warm patch, one quiet sunny word at a time. This mutual warmth and trust light their paths, making her volunteer journey truly precious and meaningful. 4. Which word can best describe Wang’s volunteering experience? A. Fruitful. B. Stressful. C. Challenging. D. Competitive. 5. What made Wang qualified for the “Go West” Program? A. She came from a coastal developed city. B. She graduated from a famous university. C. She was good at Chinese and economics. D. She had rich volunteer service experience. 6. What does Wang discover about rural teaching? A. It only requires giving lessons. B. It is less challenging than city teaching. C. It focuses on academic performance only. D. It needs mutual understanding and sincerity. 7. How does Wang’s work influence the rural students? A. It cultivates hope in their hearts. B. It improves their physical health. C. It makes them forget life’s hardships. D. It helps them get into top universities. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了王雪茹（音译）参与“西部计划”，在云南孟腊乡村支教的经历，以及她与学生之间的温暖互动和支教的深刻意义。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This quiet and touching moment perfectly defined Wang’s meaningful year as a volunteer teacher there.(这个安静而感人的瞬间，完美诠释了王雪茹在那里作为支教老师的意义非凡的一年)”和最后一段中的“This mutual warmth and trust light their paths, making her volunteer journey truly precious and meaningful.(这种相互的温暖和信任照亮了他们的道路，使她的支教之旅真正珍贵而有意义)”可知，王雪茹的支教经历是有意义、有收获的。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Guided by her motto “When poor, cultivate yourself; when successful, help the world,” she led campus volunteer groups and launched online literacy projects. Applying for the competitive “Go West” Program (21 chosen yearly from 50 applicants) , her experience helped her earn a spot.(在“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下”的座右铭指引下，她带领校园志愿者团队，发起了在线扫盲项目。在申请竞争激烈的“西部计划”（每年从50名申请者中选出21人）时，她的这些经历帮助她获得了一个名额)”可知，王雪茹拥有丰富的志愿服务经历，这让她有资格参与“西部计划”。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的““People may think rural teaching is just giving lessons,” Wang said. “But it’s more — it’s showing up even in hardship, caring about their struggles and letting them see your efforts. That note? It was sunshine I gave first, now returned.”(“人们可能认为乡村教学只是上课，”王雪茹说。“但不止如此——即使在困难中也要出现，关心他们的挣扎，让他们看到你的努力。那张纸条？是我先给予的阳光，现在它回来了。”)”以及前文提到的学生送纸条和暖宝宝的温暖互动可知，王雪茹发现乡村教学不仅是上课，还需要彼此的理解和真诚。故选D项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In Mengla, she cultivates hope in students’ hearts — one warm patch, one quiet sunny word at a time.(在孟腊，她在学生心中播下希望的种子——一次一片暖宝宝，一句安静而温暖的话语)”可知，王雪茹的工作在学生心中培养了希望。故选A项。 C Research indicates that Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese exercise that combines slow, gentle movements with deep breathing and relaxation, may provide long-term relief from Parkinson’s disease symptoms. Those who practised the martial art twice a week had fewer complications (并发症) and better quality of life than those who didn’t, the researchers say. Parkinson’s is a progressive brain disease characterized by slowness of movement, tremors (颤抖), and stiff and inflexible muscles. It is the fastest-growing neurological condition in the world, with the number of those affected projected to reach nearly 5 million by 2030 in China alone. In the UK 2 people are diagnosed with the disease every hour. So far, there has been no cure for Parkinson’s. Previously published research suggests that Tai Chi eases Parkinson’s symptoms in the short term, but whether this improvement can be maintained over the long term isn’t known. The new study, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, monitored the health of hundreds of Parkinson’s patients for up to five years. One group of 147 people practised regular Tai Chi while another group of 187 did not. The researchers found that the disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group on measurements of symptoms, movement and balance. This group also saw fewer falls, less back pain and dizziness, with memory and concentration problems also lower than in the other group. At the same time, sleep and quality of life continuously improved. However, this is an observational study, which can’t establish cause and effect. And the researchers acknowledge that the number of study participants was relatively small. Prof Alastair Noyce, professor in neurology at Queen Mary University of London, called it “an important study” but said there were limitations in its design, and more trials were needed. Prof K Ray Chaudhuri, professor of movement disorders and neurology at King’s College London, said, “It is too early to claim any neuroprotection based on this study, although the positive effects on aspects of motor and non-motor functions are impressive.” 8. What do we know about Parkinson’s? A. It’s severe but curable now. B. It may lead to a low-quality life. C. It’s more common in China than in the UK. D. It’s the fastest-growing disease in the world. 9. What is the new study different from the previous one? A. It covers more aspects of the disease. B. It collects data from more study participants. C. It focuses on the long-term effect of Tai Chi on Parkinson’s. D. It first proves the positive effect Tai Chi has on Parkinson’s. 10. What can be inferred from paragraphs 5 and 6? A. The results of the study are not clear. B. The researchers are unaware of the problems of the study. C. The methods that the researchers use in the study are inappropriate. D. The study gives hope to Parkinson’s patients though with its limitations. 11. What is Prof K Ray Chaudhuri’s attitude towards the conclusion of the new study? A. Disapproving. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Objective. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个新的研究发现，规律性的练太极拳可以抑制帕金森病的进展。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。 根据文章第二段中“Parkinson’s is a progressive brain disease characterized by slowness of movement, tremors (颤抖), and stiff and inflexible muscles. (帕金森氏症是一种进行性脑部疾病，其特征是运动缓慢、震颤、肌肉僵硬和不灵活。)”可知，患有帕金森病，会影响生活质量。故B项正确。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Previously published research suggests that Tai Chi eases Parkinson’s symptoms in the short term, but whether this improvement can be maintained over the long term isn’t known. (先前发表的研究表明，太极拳在短期内缓解了帕金森病的症状，但这种改善能否长期保持尚不清楚。)”可知，之前的研究表明太极可以在短期内缓解帕金森的症状、从第四段中“The new study, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, monitored the health of hundreds of Parkinson’s patients for up to five years (上海交通大学医学院的这项新研究对数百名帕金森患者的健康状况进行了长达五年的监测。)”可知，新的研究对数百名帕金森患者的健康状况进行了长达五年的监测，所以新研究关注的是太极拳对帕金森氏症的长期影响。故C项正确。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The researchers found that the disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group on measurements of symptoms, movement and balance. This group also saw fewer falls, less back pain and dizziness, with memory and concentration problems also lower than in the other group. At the same time, sleep and quality of life continuously improved. (研究人员发现，在症状、运动和平衡的测量中，太极拳组的疾病进展得更慢。与另一组相比，这一组摔倒、背痛和头晕的情况也更少，记忆力和注意力问题也更少。同时，睡眠和生活质量不断提高。)”可知，帕金森患者练太极后在摔倒、身体疼痛、头晕、记忆力、注意力、 睡眠、 生活质量等方面都有一定改善，说明练太极给帕金森患者带来了希望、第六段“However, this is an observational study, which can’t establish cause and effect. And the researchers acknowledge that the number of study participants was relatively small.(然而，这是一项观察性研究，不能确定因果关系。研究人员承认，参与研究的人数相对较少。)”说明这项研究还是有一定局限性。 故D项正确。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Prof K Ray Chaudhuri, professor of movement disorders and neurology at King’s College London, said, “It is too early to claim any neuroprotection based on this study, although the positive effects on aspects of motor and non-motor functions are impressive.” (伦敦国王学院运动障碍和神经学教授K Ray Chaudhuri教授说：“尽管在运动和非运动功能方面的积极影响令人印象深刻，但基于这项研究声称任何神经保护还为时过早。”)”可知，该教授既说到了它的优势及意义，又提到了它的局限性，秉持着客观的态度。故D项正确。 D Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens — a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands — once lent red to the often gray landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species’ historic range. The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) decided to formally list the bird as threatened. “The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation,” said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered”, a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. But Ashe and others argued that the “threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken’s habitat. Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range—wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years. And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species,” Ashe said. 12. What is the major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened? A. Its drastically decreased population. B. The underestimate of the grassland acreage. C. A desperate appeal from some biologists. D. The insistence of private landowners. 13. Why did the “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists? A. It was a give-in to governmental pressure. B. It would involve fewer agencies in action. C. It granted less federal regulatory power. D. The disagreement between generations. 14. What can be learned from Paragraph3? A. Unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they agree to pay a sum for compensation B. Unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they volunteer to set up an equally big habitat. C. Unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they support the WAFWA monitoring job. D. Unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they raise funds for USFWS operations. 15. According to Ashe, which is the leading role in managing the species? A. The federal government. B. The wildlife agencies C. The landowners. D. The states. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局 (USFWS) 将小草原松鸡列为受威胁物种，并介绍了相关的保护措施和计划。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species’ historic range. (但如今仅存约22000只这种鸟，其栖息地仅占该物种历史栖息地范围的16%) ”以及第二段中“The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) decided to formally list the bird as threatened. (数量的急剧下降是美国鱼类和野生动物管理局（USFWS）决定正式将该鸟类列为受威胁物种的主要原因)”可知，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局决定正式将该鸟类列为受威胁物种的主要原因是小草原松鸡数量急剧下降。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered”, a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. But Ashe and others argued that the “threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. (他们曾敦促该机构将小草原鸡指定为“濒危”物种，这一身份将赋予联邦官员更大的监管权力，以打击威胁。他们曾敦促该机构将这种鸟列为“濒危”物种，这一认定使联邦官员拥有更大的监管权力来打击威胁这种鸟生存的因素。但阿什和其他人认为，“受威胁”这一认定使联邦政府有灵活性去尝试新的、可能较不具对抗性的保护方法)”可知，通过对比这两句话，我们可以得出结论：与“濒危”地位相比，“受威胁”标签给联邦政府的监管权力较小，这正是让一些环保主义者感到失望的原因。他们原本希望通过“濒危”地位来加强保护力度，但“受威胁”标签却降低了这种力度。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years. (例如，根据该计划，该机构表示，只要土地所有者或企业签署了恢复小草原鸡栖息地的广泛管理计划，就不会起诉他们因非故意而杀死、伤害或干扰这种鸟类。经美国鱼类及野生动物管理局 (USFWS)与各州协商，该计划要求那些在运营过程中破坏栖息地的个人和企业向一个基金缴费，以用两英亩适宜的栖息地替换每一英亩被破坏的栖息地。该基金还将用于补偿留出栖息地的土地所有者。美国鱼类及野生动物管理局还设定了一个中期目标，即在接下来的10年里将小草原松鸡的数量恢复到年均6.7万只)”可知，非故意的伤害者如果同意支付一笔赔偿金，将不会被起诉。故选A。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Overall, the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species,”  Ashe said. (阿什说：“总的来说，这个想法是让‘各州’在管理这种物种方面处于主导地位。”)”可知，据阿什说，在管理这种物种方面处于主导地位的是各州。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The human brain is the command centre for the nervous system and enables thoughts, memory, movement, and emotions. ____16____As the population ages, the challenges for the preservation of brain health increase. It is therefore vital for seniors to understand how to protect it. Exercise regularly. Regular physical exercise tends to help fight against the natural reduction in brain connections that occur during aging. Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease. ____17____ Have a “right” nap. Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long. ____18____ While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits, anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition, the ability to think and form memories. ____19____ Your brain is similar to a muscle - you need to use it or lose it. There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape, such as doing crossword puzzles, reading, or playing cards. You can also learn something new such as musical instruments, drawing, or even digital devices. Combine different types of activities to increase the effectiveness. Eat a Mediterranean diet. Studies show people who closely follow a Mediterranean diet are less likely to have brain disease than people who don’t follow the diet. ____20____ However, we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly. A. Stay mentally active. B. Explore new interests if possible. C. But keep in mind that the length matters. D. Your diet plays a large role in your brain health. E. The benefits result from increased blood circulation. F. Maintaining a healthy brain is the primary goal in pursuing health. G. Further research is needed to decide which parts of the diet help brain the most. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。提出了一些保持大脑健康的小措施。 【16题详解】 下文“As the population ages, the challenges for the preservation of brain health increase. It is therefore vital for seniors to understand how to protect it. (随着人口老龄化，保护大脑健康的挑战也在增加。因此，老年人了解如何保护它是至关重要的。)”指出保护大脑健康至关重要，推测其原因应该是大脑健康对人们而言很重要。选项F“Maintaining a healthy brain is the primary goal in pursuing health. (保持大脑健康是追求健康的首要目标。)”指出保持大脑健康是追求健康的首要目的，与下文联系紧密，符合语境。故选F项。 【17题详解】 上文“Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease. (多项研究表明，身体活动活跃的人不太可能出现心理功能下降，患脑部疾病的风险也较低。)”指出，运动活跃的人患脑部疾病的风险较低。选项E“The benefits result from increased blood circulation. (这些好处来自于血液循环的增加。)”则指出这类人患病风险低的原因是血液循环的增加，前后文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long. (午饭后打个盹对你的大脑有好处，许多老年人长期以来都养成了这样的好习惯。)”指出午休对大脑健康好；下文“While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits, anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition, the ability to think and form memories. (虽然30分钟到90分钟的小睡对大脑有好处，但任何超过一个半小时的小睡都可能导致认知、思考和形成记忆的能力出现问题。)”指出，虽然午睡好，但是超过半个小时的午睡会导致认知等方面的问题，这说明午睡虽重要，但要注意时长。选项C“But keep in mind that the length matters. (但请记住，长度很重要。)”正好指出午睡时长很重要，符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 下文“Your brain is similar to a muscle - you need to use it or lose it. There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape, such as doing crossword puzzles, reading, or playing cards. (你的大脑就像一块肌肉，你需要使用它，否则就会失去它。你可以做很多事情来保持大脑的状态，比如做填字游戏、阅读或打牌。)”指出，大脑也需要通过填字游戏等活动保持其活跃，而大脑活跃就是一种精神层面的活跃。选项A“Stay mentally active. (保持精神活跃。)”指出要保持精神活跃，与下文联系紧密，符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 下文“However, we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly. (然而，我们至少知道，橄榄油和其他健康脂肪中的ω脂肪酸对你的细胞正常运转至关重要。)”指出了已知的一些对大脑健康有帮助的食物。选项G“Further research is needed to decide which parts of the diet help brain the most. (需要进一步的研究来决定饮食中哪些部分对大脑的帮助最大。)”指出，究竟是饮食中的哪部分对大脑帮助最大还不清楚，而下文却提出了几种已知有帮助的食物，前后文存在转折关系，也用副词however“然而”进行过渡了，即上下文联系紧密，符合语境。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 By the time Dom was 10 years old, he’d broken and repaired his bicycle many times. He thought it ____21____ to upgrade to something tougher, so he went to his mom with a big ____22____, “I wanted a really nice mountain bike.” His mom said no, but offered to help. Dom decided to earn money by ____23____ bikes. His mom created a page online — Dom Fixes Bikes — to spread about his ____24____. He was ____25____ able to purchase his dream bike. He also had enough money left over to ____26____ six other kids with brand-new bikes for Christmas. After that, “I just ____27____ to do it,” says Dom, now 15. At first, he worked outside the home. When more ____28____ was needed, he rented a one-car garage. There was no electricity, no air conditioning and no heating. However, Dom’s resolution wasn’t ____29____. Last year, he celebrated the grand opening of his first storefront. During the holiday season, he ______30______ 121 bikes, exceeding his goal of 100 a year. The process is ______31______: Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free. That’s how 5-year-old Ilarri, a newcomer, got a bike, shortly after his school made an ______32______. Dom also reached out to students with special needs and donated ______33______ bikes, bringing mobility and independence to their lives. “He is an excellent example of how young people are ambitious and ______34______ to the social issues of our time,” said Pennsylvania State representative Melissa Shusterman. “His generosity gave us hope for the future.” For Dom, the project remains pure. “My bike represents ______35______, taking me anywhere I want to go. I just want to share it with others.” 21. A. stood out B. worked out C. made sure D. made sense 22. A. replacement B. request C. presentation D. step 23. A. advertising B. renting C. repairing D. exchanging 24. A. services B. kindness C. procedures D. hardship 25. A. suddenly B. naturally C. apparently D. eventually 26. A. surprise B. attract C. employ D. challenge 27. A. failed B. continued C. attempted D. agreed 28. A. security B. donation C. inspection D. space 29. A. shaken B. perceived C. valued D. approved 30. A. took up B. put together C. gave away D. turned over 31. A. flexible B. scientific C. suitable D. simple 32. A. invitation B. application C. instruction D. arrangement 33. A. adaptive B. expensive C. stylish D. classic 34. A. accustomed B. opposed C. connected D. limited 35. A. achievements B. freedom C. charity D. contributions 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了15岁的男孩Dom通过修理自行车赚钱，不仅实现了自己拥有山地车的梦想，还帮助其他孩子获得新自行车的感人故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他觉得升级成更结实的东西是有道理的，所以他带着一个很大的请求去找妈妈。A. stood out突出；B. worked out算出；C. made sure确保；D. made sense有道理。根据下文“so he went to his mom with a big ___2___, “I wanted a really nice mountain bike.””可知，Dom觉得有必要换一辆更结实的自行车，所以去找妈妈说想要一辆非常不错的山地车，说明他觉得升级成更结实的自行车是有道理的。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他觉得升级成更结实的东西是有道理的，所以他带着一个很大的请求去找妈妈。A. replacement替换；B. request请求；C. presentation展示；D. step步骤。根据下文“I wanted a really nice mountain bike.”可知，Dom去找妈妈是想提出一个请求，即想要一辆山地车。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dom决定通过修理自行车来赚钱。A. advertising登广告；B. renting出租；C. repairing修理；D. exchanging交换。根据上文“By the time Dom was 10 years old, he’d broken and repaired his bicycle many times.”可知，Dom擅长修理自行车，所以此处指他决定通过修理自行车来赚钱。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的妈妈在网上创建了一个页面——Dom Fixes Bikes，来宣传他的服务。A. services服务；B. kindness善良；C. procedures程序；D. hardship困难。根据上文“Dom decided to earn money by ____3____ bikes.”可知，Dom提供修理自行车的服务，所以妈妈在网上创建页面是为了宣传他的服务。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他最终买到了自己梦寐以求的自行车。A. suddenly突然；B. naturally自然地；C. apparently显然地；D. eventually最终。根据上文“Dom decided to earn money by ____3____ bikes.”以及下文“He also had enough money left over to ___6___ six other kids with brand-new bikes for Christmas.”可知，Dom通过修理自行车赚钱，最终买到了自己梦寐以求的自行车。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还剩下足够的钱，在圣诞节时给其他六个孩子一个惊喜，送给他们崭新的自行车。A. surprise使……惊喜，给……惊喜；B. attract吸引；C. employ雇佣；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“with brand-new bikes for Christmas”可知，在圣诞节送给孩子们崭新的自行车，是给他们一个惊喜。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，“我就继续这么做了，”现在15岁的Dom说。A. failed失败；B. continued继续；C. attempted尝试；D. agreed同意。根据下文“Last year, he celebrated the grand opening of his first storefront.”可知，Dom后来开了自己的店，说明他一直在继续修理自行车并帮助他人。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当需要更多空间时，他租了一个能停一辆车的车库。A. security安全；B. donation捐赠；C. inspection检查；D. space空间。根据下文“he rented a one-car garage”可知，他租了一个车库，说明他需要更多的空间来存放或修理自行车。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Dom的决心并没有动摇。A. shaken动摇；B. perceived察觉；C. valued重视；D. approved批准。根据下文“Last year, he celebrated the grand opening of his first storefront.”可知，Dom最终开了自己的店，说明他的决心没有动摇。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在假期期间，他送出了121辆自行车，超过了他每年100辆的目标。A. took up拿起；B. put together组合；C. gave away赠送；D. turned over翻身，认真思考。根据下文“ Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free”可知，他是在赠送自行车。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个过程很简单：每个申请自行车的人都会免费得到一辆。A. flexible灵活的；B. scientific科学的；C. suitable适合的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free.”可知，申请自行车的人都能免费得到一辆，说明这个过程很简单。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是5岁的新来者Ilarri在学校提出申请后不久就得到一辆自行车的方式。A. invitation邀请；B. application申请；C. instruction指令；D. arrangement安排。根据上文“Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free.”可知，想要自行车的人需要提出申请。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dom还联系了有特殊需要的学生，并捐赠了适应性自行车，为他们的生活带来了便利和独立。A. adaptive适应的，有适应能力的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. stylish时髦的；D. classic经典的。根据下文“students with special needs”可知，有特殊需要的学生需要适应性自行车来满足他们的需求。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是年轻人如何雄心勃勃并与我们时代的社会问题相联系的杰出典范。A. accustomed习惯于；B. opposed反对；C. connected联系；D. limited限制。根据上文“He is an excellent example of how young people are ambitious”可知，Dom是年轻人的典范，说明他与时代的社会问题有着紧密的联系。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的自行车代表着自由，带我去任何我想去的地方。A. achievements成就；B. freedom自由；C. charity慈善；D. contributions贡献。根据下文“taking me anywhere I want to go”可知，自行车可以带Dom去任何他想去的地方，代表着自由。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3个单词）或根据首字母和中文提示填写单词的正确形式。 A smart home is one that ___36___ (integrate) computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves will become ___37___ (自动的). For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn ___38___ (switch) on and off, making your home more energy-efficient. The smart home could also m___39___ (监控) itself to make sure that everything is working ___40___ it should, and send you warnings ___41___ there is a problem. Such smart homes could even ___42___ (programm) to detect your health problems, and then give you relevant advice as to the food you should eat or if you should see a doctor. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to ___43___ (live) smarter lives. This smart technology is not a fantasy. Many of these new ___44___ (innovate) are already available and being used in some homes. In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless, it will take some years ____45____ most new homes begin to use this new technology. 【答案】36. integrates 37. automatic 38. switches 39. monitor 40. as 41. if 42. be programmed 43. living 44. innovations 45. before 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智能家居以及它的好处。 【36题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：智能家居是一种将计算机集成到建筑本身结构中的家居。设空处为定语从句的谓语，根据主句中的is以及句意，可知应用一般现在时，从句主语that指代先行词one，从句谓语应用第三人称单数，故填integrates。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通过这种方式，我们现在自己做的许多事情将变得自动化。设空处接在系动词become后，应用形容词automatic作表语，故填automatic。 【38题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：例如，智能家居可以控制空调和灯，这样你就不再需要打开和关闭开关，使你的家更节能。设空处为宾语，应用名词，根据前面可知这里指智能家居的开关，为可数名词，所以应用复数形式，故填switches。 【39题详解】 考查动词。句意：智能家居还可以自我监控，以确保一切正常工作，并在出现问题时向你发出警告。设空处为动词，接在情态动词could后应用动词原形，根据首字母和汉语意思，故填monitor。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：同上。根据句意和语境可知是确保家中一切都正常工作，应用as引导方式状语从句，表示“像”，故填as。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：同上。根据句意可知如果有问题，智能家居会发出警告，用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。 【42题详解】 考查语态。句意：这样的智能家居甚至可以被编程来检测你的健康问题，然后给你相关的建议，比如你应该吃什么，或者你是否应该去看医生。设空处为谓语动词，接在情态动词could后应用动词原形，和主语Such smart homes之间是被动关系，故填be programmed。 【43题详解】 考查动名词。句意：所以，从某种意义上说，智能家居将引领我们过上更智能的生活。句中to为介词，短语lead sb doing sth，意为“引导某人做某事”，设空处填动名词doing，故填living。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：这些新发明中的许多已经可用，并在一些家庭中使用。设空前有these修饰，应用名词复数形式，故填innovations。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：然而，大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。It will+一段时间+before…，意为“多久之后才……”，设空处填连词before。故填before。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你班的交换生Peter打算邀请其他班的交换生一起聚餐，他写信向你询问合适的餐厅。请给他写一封回信，内容包括： （1）你的推荐： （2）说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右： （2）可适当增加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Peter, I’m glad to receive your letter asking for a suitable restaurant for your gathering. I’d highly recommend East China Flavor, a prestigious eatery situated right opposite our school. As a time-honored Chinese restaurant, it boasts a cozy and relaxed ambience with elegant interior decor, making it ideal for group dinners. More importantly, it serves an array of authentic delicacies, such as steamed dumplings and melt-in-your-mouth braised pork, offering exchange students like you a glimpse into China’s profound culinary culture. What is also worth mentioning is its impeccable service and student-friendly prices. I’m sure you and your friends will have a pleasant time there. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给班的交换生Peter写一封回信，推荐合适聚餐的餐厅。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad → delighted 坐落于：situate → locate 著名的：prestigious → renowned 完美的：impeccable → perfect 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I’d highly recommend East China Flavor, a prestigious eatery situated right opposite our school. 拓展句：I’d highly recommend East China Flavor, which is a prestigious eatery situated right opposite our school. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As a time-honored Chinese restaurant, it boasts a cozy and relaxed ambience with elegant interior decor, making it ideal for group dinners. （运用了现在分词making作状语） 【高分句型2】 What is also worth mentioning is its impeccable service and student-friendly prices.（运用了What引导的主语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny Saturday afternoon, with golden sunlight coming through the green leaves of the trees in the park, casting light and dark shadows on the winding path. A gentle breeze carried the sweet smell of open roses from a nearby flower bed, making the air feel fresh and pleasant. Children’s laughter could be heard in the distance as they ran after each other around the playground, and an old man sat on a wooden bench, feeding pigeons with a bag of breadcrumbs (面包屑). Lily was walking along the path, enjoying the peaceful atmosphere, when something caught her eye. Under a tall oak tree at the edge of the park, there was a small dog lying up on the grass. It was a dirty little thing, with matted (乱蓬蓬的) fur that was a mix of brown and white. Its bones were clearly visible beneath its thin coat, and its eyes looked dull and tired, as if it hadn’t had a good night’s sleep in days. Lily’s heart went out to the poor creature. She slowed down and approached it cautiously, not wanting to scare it. As she got closer, she could see that the dog was trembling slightly, even though the afternoon was warm. It lifted its head weakly when it heard her footsteps, but didn’t have the energy to stand up. Lily knelt down beside it and softly said, “Hey, little guy, are you okay?” The dog just looked at her with a sad expression, as if asking for help. Lily felt a strong feeling of compassion. She couldn’t just leave the poor dog there to suffer. She thought about the snacks she had in her bag, but they were all human food that probably wasn’t good for the dog. So she made up her mind to go and buy some proper dog food. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She stood up and looked around. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The dog hesitated for a moment, and then slowly stood up on its weak legs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: She stood up and looked around. There was a convenience store just a few blocks away from the park. Lily hurried there, bought a bag of dog food and a bottle of water, and then rushed back. The dog was still lying where she had left it, its eyes following her movements. She took a deep breath, as if gathering up the courage, knelt down again, opened the dog food, and gently placed some in front of it. The dog hesitated for a moment, and then slowly stood up on its weak legs. It smelled the food cautiously before starting to eat hungrily. Lily touched its matted fur softly, and the dog looked up at her with gratitude. After finishing the food, it rubbed her hand gently, as if showing its affection. Lily decided to take it home and look for its owner. She named it Lucky, hoping it would have a better life from now on. 【解析】 【导语】本文以莉莉救助流浪小狗为线索展开，讲述了周六下午莉莉在公园散步时，发现一只瘦弱肮脏、浑身颤抖的流浪小狗，心生怜悯，决定去买狗粮救助它，最终将小狗带回家，给它温暖与希望的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段写莉莉环顾四周，发现不远处有便利店，她匆忙去买狗粮和水，返回后将狗粮放在小狗面前。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段写小狗犹豫后起身，饥饿地吃起狗粮，对莉莉充满感激，莉莉决定带它回家并寻找主人，还为它取名幸运。 2. 续写线索：环顾四周——买狗粮水——返回喂食——小狗进食——表达感激——决定带回家——取名幸运 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①购买：buy/purchase ②放置：place/put/lay 情绪类 ①感激：gratitude/thankfulness ②温柔地：gently /softly/tenderly 【点睛】[高分句型1] She took a deep breath, as if gathering up the courage, knelt down again, opened the dog food, and gently placed some in front of it.（运用了as if引导方式状语从句的省略） [高分句型2] She named it Lucky, hoping it would have a better life from now on.（运用了现在分词短语作状语以及省略that的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★启用前 衡阳市八中2024届高二下学期期中考试试题（2026.5） 英 语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Getting Along with Grizzlies (灰熊) Almost three-quarters of all young females that grow up in the Elk Valley die young. In fact, after tracking 70 bears between 2016 and 2022, experts found survival rates for young grizzlies in the Elk Valley are the lowest recorded in North America. Causes of grizzly deaths Deaths of the 15 tracked bears during that period: Conflict with Humans: 46.6% Vehicle Crashes: 40% Natural Causes: 6.7% Unknown Causes: 6.7% Challenges to human-bear coexistence in the Elk Valley The chance of young grizzly survival in the Elk Valley is the lowest in North America, but adult bears survive well once they learn to travel through the area safely. But these bears are young and tend to cause conflicts. The Elk Valley has the highest rates of human-bear conflict in the province and about1/3 of all human-caused bear deaths in provincial databases. Only 1 in 3 road and railway crashes with grizzly bears occur here. Measures taken Since April 2024, the government has taken effort to help humans and bears share the landscape. One of the most effective tools is electric fencing, which reduces damage to infrastructure (基础设施) by 80%-100%. It keeps bears away from attractants like garbage, which reduces conflicts. These simple, low-cost measures are saving lives — on both sides. As someone puts it, “Coexistence is a two-way street. If we want bears to survive, we have to be willing to change, too.” 1. How many tracked grizzlies died due to human-related causes? A. 40%. B. 46.6%. C. 86.6%. D. 93.3%. 2. Why is the number of grizzlies stable in the Elk Valley? A. Their death rate decreases. B. Some learn to travel safely. C. Their survival gets protected. D. Some move in from nearby. 3. What is the main function of electric fencing? A. Saving humans from bears. B. Preventing conflict and loss. C. Letting bears trust humans. D. Cutting the bear control cost. B As Wang Xueru packed her bag, sharp cramps twisting (绞痛) her stomach, a student silently approached. The girl placed a folded note and a warm heat patch into her hand. Wang unfolded the paper: “If the sky is cloudy, I will be your sunshine.” In that instant, the plain classroom walls of Mengla No. 1 High School in rural Yunnan seemed to glow. The stomach pain and daily weariness didn’t vanish completely, but something warmer — a pure shared kindness between them — rose to ease her discomfort. This quiet and touching moment perfectly defined Wang’s meaningful year as a volunteer teacher there. Wang, 22, graduated from Beijing’s University of International Business and Economics with Chinese literature and international economies degrees. Her true passion was service. Guided by her. Motto “When poor, cultivate yourself; when successful, help the world,” she led campus volunteer groups and launched online literacy projects. Applying for the competitive “Go West” Program (21 chosen yearly from 50 applicants) , her experience helped her earn a spot. Far from her coastal hometown Quanzhou, Wang teaches in mountainous Mengla County. Her classroom holds not just textbooks and knowledge, but deep trust with students. The student’s note was more than physical comfort; it reflected the sincere connection built through daily interactions. “People may think rural teaching is just giving lessons,” Wang said. “But it’s more — it’s showing up even in hardship, caring about their struggles and letting them see your efforts. That note? It was sunshine I gave first, now returned.” Wang knows her role transcends (超越) academics. In Mengla, she cultivates hope in students’ hearts — one warm patch, one quiet sunny word at a time. This mutual warmth and trust light their paths, making her volunteer journey truly precious and meaningful. 4. Which word can best describe Wang’s volunteering experience? A. Fruitful. B. Stressful. C. Challenging. D. Competitive. 5. What made Wang qualified for the “Go West” Program? A. She came from a coastal developed city. B. She graduated from a famous university. C. She was good at Chinese and economics. D. She had rich volunteer service experience. 6. What does Wang discover about rural teaching? A. It only requires giving lessons. B. It is less challenging than city teaching. C. It focuses on academic performance only. D. It needs mutual understanding and sincerity. 7. How does Wang’s work influence the rural students? A. It cultivates hope in their hearts. B. It improves their physical health. C. It makes them forget life’s hardships. D. It helps them get into top universities. C Research indicates that Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese exercise that combines slow, gentle movements with deep breathing and relaxation, may provide long-term relief from Parkinson’s disease symptoms. Those who practised the martial art twice a week had fewer complications (并发症) and better quality of life than those who didn’t, the researchers say. Parkinson’s is a progressive brain disease characterized by slowness of movement, tremors (颤抖), and stiff and inflexible muscles. It is the fastest-growing neurological condition in the world, with the number of those affected projected to reach nearly 5 million by 2030 in China alone. In the UK 2 people are diagnosed with the disease every hour. So far, there has been no cure for Parkinson’s. Previously published research suggests that Tai Chi eases Parkinson’s symptoms in the short term, but whether this improvement can be maintained over the long term isn’t known. The new study, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, monitored the health of hundreds of Parkinson’s patients for up to five years. One group of 147 people practised regular Tai Chi while another group of 187 did not. The researchers found that the disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group on measurements of symptoms, movement and balance. This group also saw fewer falls, less back pain and dizziness, with memory and concentration problems also lower than in the other group. At the same time, sleep and quality of life continuously improved. However, this is an observational study, which can’t establish cause and effect. And the researchers acknowledge that the number of study participants was relatively small. Prof Alastair Noyce, professor in neurology at Queen Mary University of London, called it “an important study” but said there were limitations in its design, and more trials were needed. Prof K Ray Chaudhuri, professor of movement disorders and neurology at King’s College London, said, “It is too early to claim any neuroprotection based on this study, although the positive effects on aspects of motor and non-motor functions are impressive.” 8. What do we know about Parkinson’s? A. It’s severe but curable now. B. It may lead to a low-quality life. C. It’s more common in China than in the UK. D. It’s the fastest-growing disease in the world. 9. What is the new study different from the previous one? A. It covers more aspects of the disease. B. It collects data from more study participants. C. It focuses on the long-term effect of Tai Chi on Parkinson’s. D. It first proves the positive effect Tai Chi has on Parkinson’s. 10. What can be inferred from paragraphs 5 and 6? A. The results of the study are not clear. B. The researchers are unaware of the problems of the study. C. The methods that the researchers use in the study are inappropriate. D. The study gives hope to Parkinson’s patients though with its limitations. 11. What is Prof K Ray Chaudhuri’s attitude towards the conclusion of the new study? A. Disapproving. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Objective. D Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens — a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands — once lent red to the often gray landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species’ historic range. The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) decided to formally list the bird as threatened. “The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation,” said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered”, a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats. But Ashe and others argued that the “threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken’s habitat. Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range—wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years. And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species,” Ashe said. 12. What is the major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened? A. Its drastically decreased population. B. The underestimate of the grassland acreage. C. A desperate appeal from some biologists. D. The insistence of private landowners. 13. Why did the “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists? A. It was a give-in to governmental pressure. B. It would involve fewer agencies in action. C. It granted less federal regulatory power. D. The disagreement between generations. 14. What can be learned from Paragraph3? A. Unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they agree to pay a sum for compensation B. Unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they volunteer to set up an equally big habitat. C. Unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they support the WAFWA monitoring job. D. Unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they raise funds for USFWS operations. 15. According to Ashe, which is the leading role in managing the species? A. The federal government. B. The wildlife agencies C. The landowners. D. The states. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The human brain is the command centre for the nervous system and enables thoughts, memory, movement, and emotions. ____16____As the population ages, the challenges for the preservation of brain health increase. It is therefore vital for seniors to understand how to protect it. Exercise regularly. Regular physical exercise tends to help fight against the natural reduction in brain connections that occur during aging. Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease. ____17____ Have a “right” nap. Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long. ____18____ While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits, anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition, the ability to think and form memories. ____19____ Your brain is similar to a muscle - you need to use it or lose it. There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape, such as doing crossword puzzles, reading, or playing cards. You can also learn something new such as musical instruments, drawing, or even digital devices. Combine different types of activities to increase the effectiveness. Eat a Mediterranean diet. Studies show people who closely follow a Mediterranean diet are less likely to have brain disease than people who don’t follow the diet. ____20____ However, we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly. A. Stay mentally active. B. Explore new interests if possible. C. But keep in mind that the length matters. D. Your diet plays a large role in your brain health. E. The benefits result from increased blood circulation. F. Maintaining a healthy brain is the primary goal in pursuing health. G. Further research is needed to decide which parts of the diet help brain the most. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 By the time Dom was 10 years old, he’d broken and repaired his bicycle many times. He thought it ____21____ to upgrade to something tougher, so he went to his mom with a big ____22____, “I wanted a really nice mountain bike.” His mom said no, but offered to help. Dom decided to earn money by ____23____ bikes. His mom created a page online — Dom Fixes Bikes — to spread about his ____24____. He was ____25____ able to purchase his dream bike. He also had enough money left over to ____26____ six other kids with brand-new bikes for Christmas. After that, “I just ____27____ to do it,” says Dom, now 15. At first, he worked outside the home. When more ____28____ was needed, he rented a one-car garage. There was no electricity, no air conditioning and no heating. However, Dom’s resolution wasn’t ____29____. Last year, he celebrated the grand opening of his first storefront. During the holiday season, he ______30______ 121 bikes, exceeding his goal of 100 a year. The process is ______31______: Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free. That’s how 5-year-old Ilarri, a newcomer, got a bike, shortly after his school made an ______32______. Dom also reached out to students with special needs and donated ______33______ bikes, bringing mobility and independence to their lives. “He is an excellent example of how young people are ambitious and ______34______ to the social issues of our time,” said Pennsylvania State representative Melissa Shusterman. “His generosity gave us hope for the future.” For Dom, the project remains pure. “My bike represents ______35______, taking me anywhere I want to go. I just want to share it with others.” 21. A. stood out B. worked out C. made sure D. made sense 22. A. replacement B. request C. presentation D. step 23. A. advertising B. renting C. repairing D. exchanging 24. A. services B. kindness C. procedures D. hardship 25. A. suddenly B. naturally C. apparently D. eventually 26. A. surprise B. attract C. employ D. challenge 27. A. failed B. continued C. attempted D. agreed 28. A. security B. donation C. inspection D. space 29. A. shaken B. perceived C. valued D. approved 30. A. took up B. put together C. gave away D. turned over 31. A. flexible B. scientific C. suitable D. simple 32. A. invitation B. application C. instruction D. arrangement 33. A. adaptive B. expensive C. stylish D. classic 34. A. accustomed B. opposed C. connected D. limited 35. A. achievements B. freedom C. charity D. contributions 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3个单词）或根据首字母和中文提示填写单词的正确形式。 A smart home is one that ___36___ (integrate) computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves will become ___37___ (自动的). For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn ___38___ (switch) on and off, making your home more energy-efficient. The smart home could also m___39___ (监控) itself to make sure that everything is working ___40___ it should, and send you warnings ___41___ there is a problem. Such smart homes could even ___42___ (programm) to detect your health problems, and then give you relevant advice as to the food you should eat or if you should see a doctor. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to ___43___ (live) smarter lives. This smart technology is not a fantasy. Many of these new ___44___ (innovate) are already available and being used in some homes. In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless, it will take some years ____45____ most new homes begin to use this new technology. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你班的交换生Peter打算邀请其他班的交换生一起聚餐，他写信向你询问合适的餐厅。请给他写一封回信，内容包括： （1）你的推荐： （2）说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右： （2）可适当增加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a sunny Saturday afternoon, with golden sunlight coming through the green leaves of the trees in the park, casting light and dark shadows on the winding path. A gentle breeze carried the sweet smell of open roses from a nearby flower bed, making the air feel fresh and pleasant. Children’s laughter could be heard in the distance as they ran after each other around the playground, and an old man sat on a wooden bench, feeding pigeons with a bag of breadcrumbs (面包屑). Lily was walking along the path, enjoying the peaceful atmosphere, when something caught her eye. Under a tall oak tree at the edge of the park, there was a small dog lying up on the grass. It was a dirty little thing, with matted (乱蓬蓬的) fur that was a mix of brown and white. Its bones were clearly visible beneath its thin coat, and its eyes looked dull and tired, as if it hadn’t had a good night’s sleep in days. Lily’s heart went out to the poor creature. She slowed down and approached it cautiously, not wanting to scare it. As she got closer, she could see that the dog was trembling slightly, even though the afternoon was warm. It lifted its head weakly when it heard her footsteps, but didn’t have the energy to stand up. Lily knelt down beside it and softly said, “Hey, little guy, are you okay?” The dog just looked at her with a sad expression, as if asking for help. Lily felt a strong feeling of compassion. She couldn’t just leave the poor dog there to suffer. She thought about the snacks she had in her bag, but they were all human food that probably wasn’t good for the dog. So she made up her mind to go and buy some proper dog food. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She stood up and looked around. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The dog hesitated for a moment, and then slowly stood up on its weak legs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $