Unit 4 Arts and heritage 第4课时 Section 2 (Grammar) 教学设计-2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

2026-05-06
| 13页
| 125人阅读
| 0人下载
普通

内容正文:

Unit 4 Arts and heritage 第4课时 Section 2 (Grammar) 教学设计 一、教学分析 分析维度 内容阐释 授课教材 沪教牛津版(2024)八年级下册 授课题目 Unit 4 Arts and heritage Section 2 (Grammar) 课时 第4课时(共8课时,本课为第4课时) 课型 语法课 教材对应页码 第57—58页 主题范畴 人与社会——艺术、文化遗产与文化传承 【单元语法定位】 本单元的语法板块聚焦一般过去时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态。本课时作为专项语法课,旨在帮助学生在艺术与遗产主题语境中理解被动语态的概念,掌握两种时态被动语态的结构、用法与变换规则,并能准确运用于实际交际与写作。 本课时语法知识为后续的写作板块(介绍传统手工艺人)和项目展示提供核心语言支撑。在单元整体教学中,本课时处于第1—2课时(阅读输入)和第3课时(听力输入)之后,为第5课时(口语交际)和第6课时(写作输出)提供语法支架。 【本课时在中考备考中的战略价值】 本课时语法点(一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态)是中考必考核心语法项目,近五年各地中考试卷中平均每年出现3—5道相关题目,涵盖语法选择、语法填空、句型转换等多种题型。本课时在教学过程中将中考考点自然融入各个练习环节,通过“考点标注+真题改编+策略提炼”的方式,帮助学生在语言运用中同步提升应试能力。 二、语篇研读 语法讲解部分: 分析维度 内容阐释 What 通过主动句与被动句的对比例句,呈现一般过去时被动语态(was/were+过去分词)和一般将来时被动语态(will be+过去分词)的结构及用法。例句围绕艺术创作、艺术品展出、画作流传等场景展开,贴近单元主题。 Why 通过艺术主题的真实语境导入被动语态,使学生感知“动作承受者作主语”这一核心概念,理解被动语态在强调动作对象而非执行者时的语用功能——在介绍艺术作品时,我们往往更关注作品本身而非创作者。 How 以“结构归纳+语境操练”的方式呈现,通过“观察—归纳—练习—运用”的任务链,引导学生逐步内化语法规则。语法讲解后设置分层练习,从识别到转换再到综合运用,层层递进。 核心语法结构: 时态 肯定结构 否定结构 疑问结构 一般过去时被动 主语+was/were+过去分词 主语+was/were not+过去分词 Was/Were+主语+过去分词? 一般将来时被动 主语+will be+过去分词 主语+will not be+过去分词 Will+主语+be+过去分词? 三、学情分析 维度 描述 已有基础 学生在第1—2课时已经学习了《富春山居图》的阅读语篇,接触过被动语态的句式(如“It was damaged by fire”“the two parts were shown together”),对被动语态有初步感知。学生已掌握一般过去时、一般将来时的主动结构,具备了一定的语法基础。 存在问题 1. 对“语态”概念理解不深,不清楚何时需要用被动语态。2. 过去分词拼写容易出错,尤其是不规则动词。3. 主动句转被动句时,易出现语序错误、be动词遗漏或主谓不一致等问题。4. 两种时态被动语态的混淆使用。5. “by+动作执行者”在被动句中何时可省略把握不准。 发展需求 需要系统理解被动语态的概念及其在英语交际中的语用功能;需要掌握两种时态被动语态的结构和句型转换规则;需要积累常见动词的过去分词形式,强化不规则动词表记忆;需要将语法知识迁移到艺术品介绍的真实语境中,实现“学以致用”。 四、核心素养目标 素养维度 教学目标(本课时) 语言能力 掌握一般过去时被动语态(was/were+过去分词)和一般将来时被动语态(will be+过去分词)的结构与用法。能准确完成主动句与被动句的转换。能在艺术与遗产主题语境中正确运用两种被动语态描述艺术品的创作、展出、修复与保护。 文化意识 结合《富春山居图》等传统艺术载体,了解中外艺术遗产的相关知识,树立文化遗产保护与传承意识,增强文化自信。 思维品质 通过观察、归纳、对比,梳理两种被动语态的结构差异,培养逻辑思维和语言运用的灵活性,能辨析主动语态与被动语态的使用场景。 学习能力 养成自主探究、合作交流的学习习惯,掌握语法学习的归纳总结方法,提升自主学习和知识迁移能力。 五、教学重点与难点 项目 内容 教学重点 1. 一般过去时被动语态的结构:was/were+过去分词。2. 一般将来时被动语态的结构:will be+过去分词。3. 主动语态与被动语态的语义区别及语用功能。4. 在艺术主题语境中正确识别和运用被动语态。 教学难点 1. 过去分词的正确拼写,尤其是不规则动词的过去分词形式。2. 主动转被动时的语序调整及主谓一致(be动词需与主语的人称和数保持一致)。3. 两种时态被动语态的准确选用(根据时间状语判断时态)。4. “by+动作执行者”在被动句中何时可省略。 六、教学方法 任务型教学法、探究式语法教学法、归纳法、对比分析法、合作学习法、英语学习活动观。 七、教学准备 类别 内容 教学课件 PPT课件(含《富春山居图》图片、主动/被动句对比表、不规则动词表、分层练习任务) 教具 语法卡片(主动句/被动句句型卡片)、过去分词分类表、小组竞赛积分板 八、教学过程 Step 1: Lead-in 情境导入 (6 mins) 【中考链接预热】 导入环节同时呈现一个中考真题预习题,让学生初步感知考点。 Activity 1: 主题回顾——从《富春山居图》导入被动语态 1. 教师展示《富春山居图》图片,引导学生回顾第1课时所学内容: “What is the name of this legendary Chinese painting?” (Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains) “Who painted it?” (Huang Gongwang) “What happened to the painting during the Qing Dynasty?” (It was damaged by fire) 2. 教师呈现主动句与被动句对比例句,引导学生观察差异: 主动句 被动句 Huang Gongwang painted Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains. Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains was painted by Huang Gongwang. A fire damaged the painting. The painting was damaged by a fire. The museum will hold an exhibition next month. An exhibition will be held next month. 3. 教师提问引导学生思考: “What is the difference between the two columns?” “When do we use the passive voice? Why might the writer choose the passive voice in the second column?” 4. 教师引导学生发现:被动语态中,动作的承受者变成了主语,我们更关注画作本身(而非谁画的、谁损坏的)。 【中考考点思维激活】 教师提问:“在中考语法填空中,如果看到‘The painting ______ (damage) by fire’,应该填什么形式?为什么?”引发学生对考点关注。 Activity 2: 揭示学习目标 教师呈现本节课学习目标: Learn the passive voice in the simple past tense (was/were + past participle) Learn the passive voice in the simple future tense (will be + past participle) Practice changing active sentences into passive sentences Use passive voice to talk about artworks and art exhibitions 设计意图:通过《富春山居图》这一熟悉主题导入,将被动语态学习置于真实艺术语境中,降低语法学习的抽象感;主动/被动对比帮助学生初步感知结构差异。中考考点前置提示,激发学生目标意识。 Step 2: Grammar Discovery — Passive Voice in Simple Past & Simple Future 语法探究 (12 mins) Activity 1: 观察与归纳——发现结构规律 1. 教师呈现教材第57页的四个例句,引导学生朗读并观察: 例句 时态判断 结构 Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains was painted by Huang Gongwang. 一般过去时 was + 过去分词 The painting was damaged by fire during the Qing Dynasty. 一般过去时 was + 过去分词 The two parts were kept separate for over 300 years. 一般过去时 were + 过去分词 More exhibitions will be held in the future to protect cultural heritage. 一般将来时 will be + 过去分词 2. 教师引导学生归纳两种时态被动语态的结构: 时态 肯定结构 否定结构 疑问结构 一般过去时被动 主语+was/were+过去分词 主语+was/were not+过去分词 Was/Were+主语+过去分词? 一般将来时被动 主语+will be+过去分词 主语+will not be+过去分词 Will+主语+be+过去分词? 中考考点聚焦:教师强调中考中被动语态的考查通常结合时态一起进行,需要根据时间状语(如yesterday, in 2020, next week, in the future等)判断用哪种时态的被动语态。 3. 【中考真题示例】 教师呈现改编的中考真题,让学生初步感知考点: “The 2022 Winter Olympics _______ in Beijing.” (was held / will be held) “These clay figurines _______ by hand in the Ming Dynasty.” (were made / will be made) Activity 2: 语篇划句——在语境中识别被动语态 1. 学生完成教材第57页活动1,阅读两个语段,划出带有被动语态的句子,并区分哪些句子是一般过去时的被动语态,哪些是一般将来时的被动语态。 2. 教师核对答案,引导学生关注被动语态在语篇中的使用场景——在介绍艺术品的历史和未来计划时,我们往往更关注艺术品本身。 Activity 3: 主动转被动——“四步转换法” 1. 教师归纳主动转被动的四步转换法: ① 原句宾语变主语(人称、数有变化) ② 谓语改为“be + 过去分词”(be动词时态与原句一致,人称和数与新主语一致) ③ 原句主语改为“by + 宾语”(人称变宾格) ④ 其余成分(如状语)保持不变 2. 例题演示(结合中考题型): 主动句 被动句 Huang Gongwang painted this masterpiece in the Yuan Dynasty. This masterpiece was painted by Huang Gongwang in the Yuan Dynasty. A fire damaged the painting in the 17th century. The painting was damaged by a fire in the 17th century. The museum will hold a special exhibition next month. A special exhibition will be held by the museum next month. Activity 4: “I say, you say”——主动转被动转换练习 教师展示主动句,学生快速转换为被动句。可分小组竞赛: 主动句 被动句 Huang Gongwang painted this masterpiece. This masterpiece was painted by Huang Gongwang. A fire damaged the painting. The painting was damaged by a fire. The two parts were separated for 300 years. (此句已经是被动句) The museum will display the painting next year. The painting will be displayed by the museum next year. People will hold an exhibition in Shanghai. An exhibition will be held in Shanghai. 设计意图:通过观察、归纳、对比,引导学生自主发现语法规则;“四步转换法”口诀化帮助学生掌握转换技巧;“I say, you say”快速练习强化反应能力。中考真题的穿插让学生明确学习目标与考试要求的关联。 Step 3: Guided Practice — Layered Exercises 分层巩固练习 (10 mins) Task 1: 基础关——语法填空(完成句子) 学生完成以下填空练习,巩固两种被动语态的结构: 1. Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains __________ (paint) by Huang Gongwang in the Yuan Dynasty. (was painted) 2. The painting __________ (damage) by a fire in 1650. (was damaged) 3. A special exhibition __________ (hold) at the museum next month. (will be held) 4. The two parts of the painting __________ (keep) separate for over 300 years. (were kept) 5. More cultural heritage projects __________ (start) in the near future. (will be started) Task 2: 提升关——主动转被动(句子转换) 将下列句子改为被动语态: 1. Huang Gongwang painted Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains. → Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains _________ by Huang Gongwang. 2. A fire damaged the famous painting during the Qing Dynasty. → The famous painting ____________________ during the Qing Dynasty. 3. The museum will hold an exhibition of traditional Chinese paintings. → An exhibition of traditional Chinese paintings ____________________. 参考答案:was painted / was damaged by a fire / will be held by the museum Task 3: 应用关——短文填空(语篇运用) 阅读短文,用所给动词的正确形式填空(注意主动/被动语态): Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is one of the greatest masterpieces in Chinese art history. It __________ (paint) by Huang Gongwang in the Yuan Dynasty. The painting __________ (damage) by a fire during the Qing Dynasty and __________ (split) into two parts. For many years, the two parts __________ (keep) in different places. In 2011, after more than 300 years, they __________ (reunite) and __________ (show) together in an exhibition. In the future, more exhibitions __________ (hold) to promote Chinese traditional art. 参考答案:was painted / was damaged / split / were kept / were reunited / were shown / will be held 【中考真题改编】 Task 3的短文填空形式完全对标中考语法填空真题模式,学生在完成过程中自然适应中考题型。 设计意图:分层练习从词汇到句子再到语篇,由易到难,逐步巩固两种被动语态的用法;短文填空将语法知识融入《富春山居图》的语篇语境中,体现“在用中学”的理念。 Step 4: Production — Grammar in Use & Real-World Application 综合运用与真实任务 (8 mins) Activity 1: 角色扮演——Granny Chen的画展故事 学生两人一组,结合教材第58页活动2的语篇背景,用一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态创编对话,内容包括:艺术展举办时间、展出作品数量、下一场展览地点等。对话范例: S1: “Did you hear about Granny Chen’s first art show? Where was it held?” S2: “It was held at the local library.” S1: “How many paintings were put on display?” S2: “About 20 paintings were shown.” S1: “Where will her next art show be held?” S2: “It will be held at the City Art Museum.” 邀请2—3组学生上台展示对话,其他同学从“被动语态准确性”“口语流畅度”等方面进行点评。 Activity 2: 接力赛——介绍《富春山居图》 学生以小组竞赛形式开展活动,每组轮流用一句含有被动语态的句子介绍《富春山居图》,句子不能重复。在限定时间内,说出正确句子数量最多的小组获胜。 参考句式: “This masterpiece was painted by Huang Gongwang.” “The painting was completed when Huang was very old.” “It was damaged by a fire during the Qing Dynasty.” “The two parts were kept separate for over 300 years.” “They were reunited and shown together in 2011.” Activity 3: 策划校园艺术展 学校计划组织校园艺术展,学生同桌合作,讨论“如何策划艺术展”。教师提醒学生参考以下Wh-提问框架进行对话,并在对话中适时运用被动语态: 提问维度 参考问句 展览时间 When will the art exhibition be held? 展览地点 Where will it be held? 展品选择 What artworks will be displayed? 邀请对象 Who will be invited to the opening? 在同桌问答的基础上,学生简要口头汇报艺术展策划方案。 设计意图:角色扮演和接力赛将语法知识转化为真实交际能力,体现“学以致用”;策划校园艺术展任务联系学生生活实际,增强学习的现实意义;综合评价促进互学互鉴。 Step 5: Deep Thinking — Cultural Protection 深度思考与文化升华 (5 mins) Activity 1: 讨论——艺术保护面临的问题 教师引导学生思考以下问题,并使用被动语态分享观点: “What problems might we face when displaying these artworks?” “How can we solve them?” “Why is it important to protect cultural heritage?” 学生讨论后可参考以下表达: “Artworks might be damaged by light, humidity, or accidents.” “Therefore, special glass cases will be used to protect them.” “Rules should be made to prevent visitors from touching the paintings.” Activity 2: 文化升华——艺术传承的责任 教师总结: “Language is not just a tool—it’s a bridge to share our heritage with the world.” “Today we learned to use the passive voice to talk about art. We learned how to describe when and where artworks were created, how they were damaged and protected, and how they will be exhibited in the future.” “By mastering these grammar structures, we are better equipped to tell the story of Chinese art to the world.” 设计意图:深度思考环节引导学生从语法学习上升到文化保护意识,通过讨论艺术保护面临的问题,自然运用被动语态表达观点;情感升华将语言学习与“讲好中国故事”的文化使命紧密结合,落实育人目标。 Step 6: Summary & Assessment 总结与评价 (4 mins) 1. 知识总结 教师引导学生回顾本节课所学: 类别 内容 一般过去时被动 was/were + 过去分词 (描述过去发生的动作) 一般将来时被动 will be + 过去分词 (描述未来计划安排) 四步转换法 原宾语变主语→be+过去分词→by+原主语→其余不变 使用场景 更关注动作承受者、执行者不明确或不重要 不规则动词 keep-kept, split-split, show-shown, damage-damaged 中考考点回扣:教师快速回顾本节课涉及的核心中考考点,强调时间状语(yesterday, in 2020, next week, in the future等)是判断时态的关键线索。 2. 当堂检测 根据提示完成句子(融入中考真题题型): (1) The famous painting Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains __________ (paint) by Huang Gongwang. (was painted) (2) The two parts of the painting __________ (keep) separate for over 300 years. (were kept) (3) A special exhibition __________ (hold) in Shanghai next month. (will be held) (4) These ancient artworks __________ (display) in the museum every year. (are displayed) (5) More cultural heritage projects __________ (start) in the near future. (will be started) 3. 课堂学习评价 指导学生完成以下自我评价表: 评价内容 评分(1-5分) 我能理解一般过去时和一般将来时被动语态的意义和结构。 我能正确进行主动句和被动句的转换。 我能在艺术展览策划的讨论中正确运用被动语态。 我能感悟传统艺术的魅力,理解文化传承的意义。 Step 7: Homework 分层作业 (2 mins) 分层 作业内容 基础作业 1. 熟练朗读课本第57页和第58页的短文。2. 完成课本第137页Grammar review中的语法练习。3. 撰写一篇小短文,介绍你的“艺术展策划方案”,至少使用3个被动语态句子。 拓展作业 查阅资料,介绍一项中国传统技艺(如剪纸、陶艺等),在介绍中尽可能运用一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。 挑战作业 选择一件你最喜欢的中国艺术品(国画、书法、瓷器等),用80词左右的英文短文介绍其创作历史、艺术特点和保护现状,至少使用5个被动语态句子。 九、板书设计 Unit 4 Arts and heritage Section 2 (Grammar) — Passive Voice 一、Structure(结构) 一般过去时被动:主语 + was/were + 过去分词 ✅ The painting was painted by Huang Gongwang. ❌ The painting wasn’t damaged. ❓ Was the painting kept safe? 一般将来时被动:主语 + will be + 过去分词 ✅ An exhibition will be held next month. ❌ It will not be shown. ❓ Will more exhibitions be held? 二、Active → Passive(主动转被动:四步法) ① 原宾语变主语 (the painting) ② be + 过去分词 (was painted) ③ 原主语变 by 短语 (by Huang Gongwang) ④ 其余不变 (in the Yuan Dynasty) 三、When to Use the Passive Voice(何时使用被动语态) ✅ 强调动作承受者 (The painting was damaged.) ✅ 执行者不明确或不重要 (It was kept for 300 years.) ✅ 客观说明/新闻报道 (An exhibition will be held.) 四、中考真题链接(考点示例) 1. The 2022 Winter Olympics _______ in Beijing. (was held) 2. These clay figurines _______ by hand. (were made) 五、Class Slogan “Use the passive voice to tell the story of art.” 十、教学评价 评价维度 评价标准 评价方式 结构掌握 能准确说出两种被动语态的构成及用法 课堂提问、总结环节 主动转被动 能正确完成主动句到被动句的转换 句型转换练习 语境运用 能在艺术主题语境中正确运用被动语态 角色扮演、接力赛 中考真题呼应 能完成语法填空、完成句子等题型 当堂检测 合作学习 积极参与小组讨论和角色扮演活动 课堂观察 十一、教学反思 反思维度 记录要点 亮点 以“艺术与文化遗产”为情境主线,将被动语态学习嵌入真实文化语境,避免了语法课的枯燥感;两种时态并列讲解,对比清晰;中考考点思维贯穿各个环节,帮助学生明确学习目标;“观察—归纳—练习—运用”教学路径符合认知规律;角色扮演和接力赛活动学生参与度高;文化升华环节落实核心素养中的文化意识目标。 不足 部分学生对不规则动词的过去分词拼写容易出错(如split—split, keep—kept);主动转被动时be动词与主语的人称、数一致性仍存在问题;句型转换练习时间偏短,部分学生掌握不牢固;学生对“by+动作执行者”何时可省略判断不准。 改进 下节课可增加不规则动词过去分词的专项默写训练;设计“主动→被动”快速转换小练习,设置梯度化题目(规则动词→不规则动词),并板书转换步骤,帮助学生突破难点;在后续写作课中强化被动语态的运用,实现从机械操练到意义表达的转化。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

资源预览图

Unit 4 Arts and heritage 第4课时 Section 2 (Grammar) 教学设计-2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册
1
Unit 4 Arts and heritage 第4课时 Section 2 (Grammar) 教学设计-2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册
2
Unit 4 Arts and heritage 第4课时 Section 2 (Grammar) 教学设计-2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册
3
所属专辑
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。