精品解析：福建南平第一中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二期中考试英语试题

南平一中2025~2026学年第二学期高二期中考试英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. When did the man visit the Yellowstone Park? A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July. 2. What will the man do next? A. Sign for the package. B. Find the pickup notice. C. Look up the order number. 3. When will the man have a meeting? A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. 5. What is the woman? A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A bus driver. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7小题。 6. Where does the man want his table to be? A. Near the entrance. B. Near the kitchen. C. In the corner. 7. What does the manager advise the man to order? A. Seafood. B. Chips. C. Duck. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10小题。 8. Why does the woman come here? A. To attend a birthday party. B. To have a business talk. C. To meet some friends. 9. Who is the woman looking for? A. A man wearing a suit and tie, with his wife. B. A man wearing a T-shirt and jeans, with his wife. C. A woman wearing a T-shirt and jeans, with her friends. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Business partners. C. Waiter and customer. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13小题。 11. Who helped develop Scott’s passion for sport? A. His father. B. His teacher. C. His friend. 12. What is important to students in doing sports according to Scott? A. Winning the game. B. Being confident and friendly. C. Participating and trying their best. 13. What will the speakers do next? A. Attend a lecture. B. Walk around the college. C. Take part in some sports. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至16小题。 14. What day is it today? A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday. 15. What does the man plan to do? A. Go fishing. B. Go hiking. C. Go sailing. 16. How does the woman feel about the plan? A. Bored. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20小题。 17. Who is Bradley? A. The school headmaster. B. The sports meeting organizer. C. A runner in the sports meeting. 18. What should runners bring to the sports meeting? A. A team flag. B. A score sheet. C. A bottle of water. 19. What does Lily need to do? A. Practice jumping. B. Get the score sheets. C. Gather at the starting line. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. School rules. B. Class schedules. C. Sports meeting 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Vada has always enjoyed taking care of others since she was very young. Once, while carrying her baby brother, she tripped and fell. Quick-thinking, she landed on her knee, injuring herself but protecting his head. “He was fine,” she said, “I didn’t want him to have a concussion (脑震荡).” It also makes sense why she learned CPR in Girl Scouts (女童子军). Vada’s parents, Clint and Amanda, are separated but remain close friends. One day, Vada went to visit Clint, who was gardening. When he went inside, his left arm and chest began hurting. “These are signs of a heart attack,” he told Vada. He knew because he’d looked them up. Then he went to take a shower. “Maybe that’ll help.” Even after his hot shower, Clint felt freezing cold. He lay on the sofa and Vada brought him the covers. Soon, he began sweating. Vada knew this sudden body temperature swing was a bad sign. Having left her phone at her mom’s, she put her dad’s in her pocket in case she needed to call for help. When Clint went to the bathroom, Vada followed and waited outside. Suddenly, she heard a heavy crash. Nervous, she rushed in and saw him struggling to breathe on the floor, she forced herself to remain calm and called 911. She told the 911 operator she knew CPR and started performing it on her father under guidance. Some time later, the medical team arrived and took over. Vada called Amanda, and she just couldn’t hold back her feelings anymore and cried out loud. When Amanda arrived, one of the rescuers said, “Vada has already done the life-saving part and we’re taking it from there to do everything we can to help him.” Finally, Clint woke up. Amanda shared the news on Facebook, and a Girl Scouts leader presented 11-year-old Vada with the Medal of Honor, one of the organization’s highest honors. 1. Why did Vada go to learn CPR in Girl Scouts? A. She wanted to help others. B. She hoped to get an honor there. C. She was into medical knowledge. D. She was sent there by her parents. 2. What did Vada do after finding Clint feeling unwell? A. She called her mom for help. B. She helped to keep him warm. C. She told him to take a shower. D. She took his body temperature. 3. Which of the following can best describe Vada? A. Skilled but careless. B. Creative and heroic. C. Organized but impatient. D. Caring and cool-headed. 4. What did the rescuer’s words show in paragraph 5? A. Vada did a great job with CPR. B. Clint would wake up soon. C. Clint required another follow-up visit. D. Vada needed to learn more about first aid. B Climate change is reshaping our world in unexpected ways, from rising temperatures to disrupted ecosystems. Now, scientists warn that melting polar ice caps are even affecting how we keep track of time. A recent study in Nature reveals that the rapid melting of polar ice is slowing Earth’s rotation (旋转). As meltwater flows into oceans, it collects around the equator, the imaginary circle dividing the earth into two equal parts. The planet gets slightly “fatter” there, which makes Earth turn slowly, much like an ice skater slowing down by stretching out her arms during a spin. A slower rotation means each day — the time for one full turn of Earth — gets a bit longer. As a result, the sun doesn’t rise or set exactly when we expect, which poses a critical challenge to global timekeeping systems. Modern life relies on ultra-precise synchronization (同步) across technologies. Financial markets, air traffic control, internet servers, and communication networks depend on perfectly aligned clocks. Even a tiny timing error could trigger chaos. To address this, scientists propose introducing a negative leap second by 2029. This would make clocks jump from 23:59:58 straight to midnight, skipping 23:59:59, so our devices can match Earth’s actual rotation. Geophysicist Duncan Agnew from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography explained this in the Nature paper. However, this solution comes with risks. Unlike positive leap seconds (adding a second), which have been used since 1972, negative leap seconds have never been tested. Experts like physicist Judah Levine warn that software designed to handle time adjustments may fail. Past issues highlight the danger: In 2012, adding a leap second crashed airline booking systems, froze stock exchanges, and disrupted major websites like Reddit and LinkedIn. These events show how fragile our time-dependent world is, and climate change is making it even more challenging. 5. Which factor is responsible for Earth’s slower rotation? A. Ice mass gathering at the equator. B. Meltwater moving to the equator. C. Atmosphere thickening at the equator. D. Ocean currents intensifying near the equator. 6. What can be learned about the proposed “negative leap second”? A. It may cause system failures. B. It is a widely accepted time solution. C. It caused a major system crash in 2012. D. It has been successfully tested since 1972. 7. What is the author’s attitude toward the effects of climate change on timekeeping? A. Concerned. B. Reserved. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The History of Leap Seconds B. Risks in Adjusting Global Clocks C. Climate’s Surprising Test on Time D. Innovations in Timekeeping Technologies C Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a lighthearted tone might reduce their authority and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings. A new study challenges this idea, showing that well-chosen humor can actually make scientists more likable and their research more trustworthy. Led by Alexandra Lynn Frank from the University of Georgia, the research tested humor’s role in science communication through social media. The team created posts from a fictional scientist, Dr. Jamie Devon, sharing cartoons about artificial intelligence (AI). These posts used three humor styles: playful comparisons (like giving robots human characteristics), mean jokes about technology, or a mix of both. Some posts had no humor as a comparison. Over 2,200 participants viewed these posts in an online experiment. They rated how funny the content was, how much they liked the scientist, and how credible the information seemed. Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable. However, mean or unfriendly jokes reduced trust in the scientist. “Humor helps people connect with scientists,” Frank explained. “When we laugh, we’re more open to listening.” But she stressed that jokes must feel natural, adding, “If the audience doesn’t find it funny, it could backfire.” For example, playful cartoons worked better than making fun of tech failures. The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation. While focused on AI, these tips apply to fields like health or environmental science. In today’s fast-paced digital world, humor could help scientists stand out on social media. Funny posts may attract more viewers, make tough topics easier to understand, and build public trust. The key is balancing fun with facts: lighthearted jokes don’t weaken authority but create friendly, memorable connections. Frank’s team hopes their findings encourage scientists to experiment with humor. As one participant noted, “A scientist who jokes feels more human — like someone I’d trust.” 9. Why do the scientists avoid using jokes in their communication? A. Because they think that using jokes wastes research time. B. Because they are afraid that jokes might confuse the public. C. Because they fear that jokes could make their work appear unreliable. D. Because they are worried that jokes might distract from scientific facts. 10. What does the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Be effective. B. Make people laugh. C. Be natural. D. Have the opposite result. 11. According to the study, what kind of humor is recommended for scientists? A. Jokes that target individuals. B. Playful comparisons and gentle jokes. C. Making fun of technology failures. D. Using complex ideas to create humor. 12. What can be learned from the participant’s comment in Frank’s team? A. The audience should trust what scientists say. B. Lighthearted jokes make the posts easier to memorize. C. Frank’s team has succeeded in creating a relaxed academic atmosphere. D. Experiments with appropriate funniness actually gain greater acceptance. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s now, more than ever, crucial to adopting a low-impact lifestyle since all kinds of waste, including that of the fashion industry, are piling up in landfills with astonishing speed. ___13___ Thankfully, the following tips can help you reduce clothing waste. ·Buy fewer clothes overall. ___14___ It’s a more cautious approach to shopping and consumption (消费) in general. Think twice about what you will buy and say no to over consumption. You can even try out a minimalist (极简主义的) lifestyle. Shop for what you need only when necessary, keep things simple, and go back to basics. ·Shop for high-quality clothing. High-quality clothes can cost more at first but save you money in the long run. ___15___ Moreover, quality clothes can make you feel more comfortable and confident, improve your fashion style, and help you look your best. ·___16___ Upcycling is very beneficial to the planet and your budget (预算). Instead of throwing old clothes away, use parts of or entire old clothes to make something new and more valuable. You can even create stylish and unique pieces of clothing by upcycling. ·Donate your unwanted fashion items. Do a quick online search for your local options to donate clothes that are still in good condition. Be sure to contact organizations first and ask them what type of clothes they accept. You can donate clothing to for-profit companies or to homeless shelters and family service agencies. ___17___ A. Repurpose your old clothes. B. Upcycle everyday household objects. C. Limit your fashion consumption in the first place. D. Thrown clothes have had a disastrous impact on the planet. E. They are more likely to stay in good condition for a long time. F. Heavy coats and sweaters can go to animal shelters in your local area. G. Reducing clothing waste is necessary for making fashion more sustainable. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分47.5分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One sunny afternoon, a girl named Bianca and her dad were enjoying a boat trip on the water. Their peaceful time took a sudden turn when they ___18___ something unusual—a mass of fishing netting floating nearby. As they got ___19___, they were shocked to see a sea turtle trapped in the netting, ___20___ to break free. Without ___21___ , they decided to rescue it. Bianca’s dad ___22___ the boat alongside the netting and reached down to hold it. He pulled out a ___23___ and carefully cut the netting trapping the turtle. The turtle, ___24___ and confused, froze for a moment, unsure whether the stranger meant harm. Bianca’s dad worked slowly and gently, making sure not to ___25___ the turtle with the knife. After ___26___ through several layers of the netting, he finally freed the animal from it. He lifted the turtle into the boat to ____27____ for injuries. Seeing it was unharmed, he carried it to the other side of the boat and ____28____ it into the water. The turtle hesitated for a moment, and then swam away ____29____ after a gentle push from Bianca’s dad. Bianca and her dad often help sea life ____30____ , though they rarely record these rescues. Every year, ____31____ people like them save countless sea creatures from dangers like old nets and litter. It’s a ____32____ that everyone can do their part to keep our waterways clean. 18. A. heard B. made C. mentioned D. spotted 19. A. closer B. stronger C. lazier D. lighter 20. A. refusing B. happening C. struggling D. pretending 21. A. regret B. permission C. wisdom D. hesitation 22. A. guided B. cleaned C. repaired D. equipped 23. A. boat B. knife C. map D. tooth 24. A. patient B. determined C. scared D. curious 25. A. record B. hurt C. transport D. show 26. A. cutting B. passing C. looking D. living 27. A. claim B. hide C. check D. feed 28. A. stuck B. lowered C. poured D. folded 29. A. secretly B. unwillingly C. helplessly D. quickly 30. A. under treatment B. on guard C. in trouble D. at rest 31. A. kind B. generous C. famous D. honest 32. A. shame B. reminder C. rule D. joke 第二节 词汇运用（共三部分，满分32.5分） Part 1 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists in Florida have ___33___ (successful) grown plants in moon soil collected during NASA’s Apollo missions (任务) in the 1960s and 1970s. ___34___ NASA-supported study at the University of Florida used soil collected by astronauts___35___ (grow) Thale Cress 2 (拟南芥). To compare results, plants were also grown in Earth soil___36___ was made to be similar to moon soil. The researchers ___37___ (add) water and then seeds to the soil, as well as daily nutrients (营养物). After just two days, their growth started. According to Professor Anna-Lisa Paul, all the plants looked the same ___38___ the sixth day. After the sixth day, ___39___, it was clear that the plants growing in moon soil were not as healthy as those growing in Earth soil. DNA testing showed that those Thale Cress 2 ___40___ (plant) in the moon soil were under stress. It was also found that the plants grew in different ways in soil from different parts of the moon. The soil collected during the Apollo 11 mission had been on the moon’s surface several billion years ___41___ (long) than the other soil, and the plants grown in it were the weakest. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson believes this research will help future space missions and that resources on the moon and Mars ____42____ (need) to develop food for astronauts living and working in space. Part 2 根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空。（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分。注意：必须使用选必二U4-U5和选必三U1-U2所学词汇） 根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空。（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 43. Different people have different perspectives on an ________ (成语) in the same sentence. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 44. When he realized he was late for the exam, he couldn’t help ________ (panic). (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. Her hard work finally won the ________ (recognize) of her teachers and classmates. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. After the failure, he became a ________ (谦虚的) person. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. If you don’t take action, the problem may not be ________ (永久地) solved. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. My uncle works as a ________ (psychology) and helps people deal with stress. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. ________ (disturb) by the loud noise, I could hardly settle down to my homework. (所给词的适当形式填空) Part 3 根据句意完成句子，确保语句通顺，词汇、语法运用正确，每空一词。（共7题；每小题1.5分，满分10.5分。注意：必须使用选必二U4-U5和选必三U1-U2所学短语） 50. 这个实验结果与我们最初的假设相反。 The result of the experiment ________ ________ ________ what we originally assumed. 51. 如果你不规律锻炼，很容易就会身材走样。 If you don’t exercise regularly, you will easily get ________ ________ ________. 52. 会上讨论的计划值得我们充分关注。 The plans discussed at the meeting ________ ________ ________ our full attention. 53. 我了解过好几个艺术流派，尤其偏爱浪漫主义。 I have learned about several art movements, and I prefer Romanticism ________ ________. 54. 徒步旅行一整天后，汤姆和其他学生都筋疲力尽了。 After a whole day’s hiking, Tom as well as other students ________ ________ ________. 55. 在此次旅途中给我留下深刻印象的是这个由各种花卉组成的花园。 The garden ________ ________ various flowers left a deep impression on me during this journey. 56. 他还没有下定决心辞职。 He has not yet ________ ________ ________ ________ to quit his job. 第四部分 写作（满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 57. 你校英语校报举行以“Healthy Lifestyle”为主题的征文活动，请你写一份稿件，分享自己生活方式的转变，内容包括： 1．过去情况； 2．你的转变； 3．你的感受。 注意：(1)词数80左右； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Healthy Lifestyle ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 58. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every day after school, Lucas and Noah pressed their noses against Mr. Henderson’s shop window. They stared at the red bicycle that stood proudly in the center of the display. For months, they had saved every spare coin, yet the price still seemed far beyond their reach. When the first snow of winter covered their town, the brothers saw an opportunity. They grabbed their shovels (铲子), determined to turn the snowfall into savings through hard work. They started in their own neighborhood. But many residents had already cleared their walkways, and those who hadn’t only offered a few coins for short paths. After several tiring hours, they had earned just seven dollars — far less than they hoped. Refusing to give up, they headed to Maple Street, where the houses were bigger and the driveways deeper in snow. Noah knocked on the door of a beautiful Victorian house. Mrs. Williams answered, looking like she was in a hurry. When Noah asked if she needed her driveway shoveled, she agreed at once. She took a twenty-dollar bill from her purse and placed it into Noah’s hand. “I have to rush out,” she said with an encouraging smile. “I’ll leave it in your capable hands.” The boys stared at the bill, amazed. Twenty dollars — more than they had made the entire day! Laughing in disbelief, they set to work with fresh energy. The initial excitement carried them through the first hour of work. But as the afternoon darkened and the temperature dropped, the work became harder. Their hands grew numb (麻木)， their muscles ached, and the long driveway seemed endless. Halfway through, Lucas threw down his shovel in frustration (沮丧). “Let’s just go. She’ll never know we didn’t finish.” 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Noah’s aching hands seemed to agree with his brother’s words. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As they cleared the final shovel of snow, Mrs. Williams’ car returned. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南平一中2025~2026学年第二学期高二期中考试英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. When did the man visit the Yellowstone Park? A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July. 2. What will the man do next? A. Sign for the package. B. Find the pickup notice. C. Look up the order number. 3. When will the man have a meeting? A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. 5. What is the woman? A. A teacher. B. A doctor. C. A bus driver. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7小题。 6. Where does the man want his table to be? A. Near the entrance. B. Near the kitchen. C. In the corner. 7. What does the manager advise the man to order? A. Seafood. B. Chips. C. Duck. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10小题。 8. Why does the woman come here? A. To attend a birthday party. B. To have a business talk. C. To meet some friends. 9. Who is the woman looking for? A. A man wearing a suit and tie, with his wife. B. A man wearing a T-shirt and jeans, with his wife. C. A woman wearing a T-shirt and jeans, with her friends. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Business partners. C. Waiter and customer. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13小题。 11. Who helped develop Scott’s passion for sport? A. His father. B. His teacher. C. His friend. 12. What is important to students in doing sports according to Scott? A. Winning the game. B. Being confident and friendly. C. Participating and trying their best. 13. What will the speakers do next? A. Attend a lecture. B. Walk around the college. C. Take part in some sports. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至16小题。 14. What day is it today? A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday. 15. What does the man plan to do? A. Go fishing. B. Go hiking. C. Go sailing. 16. How does the woman feel about the plan? A. Bored. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20小题。 17. Who is Bradley? A. The school headmaster. B. The sports meeting organizer. C. A runner in the sports meeting. 18. What should runners bring to the sports meeting? A. A team flag. B. A score sheet. C. A bottle of water. 19. What does Lily need to do? A. Practice jumping. B. Get the score sheets. C. Gather at the starting line. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. School rules. B. Class schedules. C. Sports meeting 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Vada has always enjoyed taking care of others since she was very young. Once, while carrying her baby brother, she tripped and fell. Quick-thinking, she landed on her knee, injuring herself but protecting his head. “He was fine,” she said, “I didn’t want him to have a concussion (脑震荡).” It also makes sense why she learned CPR in Girl Scouts (女童子军). Vada’s parents, Clint and Amanda, are separated but remain close friends. One day, Vada went to visit Clint, who was gardening. When he went inside, his left arm and chest began hurting. “These are signs of a heart attack,” he told Vada. He knew because he’d looked them up. Then he went to take a shower. “Maybe that’ll help.” Even after his hot shower, Clint felt freezing cold. He lay on the sofa and Vada brought him the covers. Soon, he began sweating. Vada knew this sudden body temperature swing was a bad sign. Having left her phone at her mom’s, she put her dad’s in her pocket in case she needed to call for help. When Clint went to the bathroom, Vada followed and waited outside. Suddenly, she heard a heavy crash. Nervous, she rushed in and saw him struggling to breathe on the floor, she forced herself to remain calm and called 911. She told the 911 operator she knew CPR and started performing it on her father under guidance. Some time later, the medical team arrived and took over. Vada called Amanda, and she just couldn’t hold back her feelings anymore and cried out loud. When Amanda arrived, one of the rescuers said, “Vada has already done the life-saving part and we’re taking it from there to do everything we can to help him.” Finally, Clint woke up. Amanda shared the news on Facebook, and a Girl Scouts leader presented 11-year-old Vada with the Medal of Honor, one of the organization’s highest honors. 1. Why did Vada go to learn CPR in Girl Scouts? A. She wanted to help others. B. She hoped to get an honor there. C. She was into medical knowledge. D. She was sent there by her parents. 2. What did Vada do after finding Clint feeling unwell? A. She called her mom for help. B. She helped to keep him warm. C. She told him to take a shower. D. She took his body temperature. 3. Which of the following can best describe Vada? A. Skilled but careless. B. Creative and heroic. C. Organized but impatient. D. Caring and cool-headed. 4. What did the rescuer’s words show in paragraph 5? A. Vada did a great job with CPR. B. Clint would wake up soon. C. Clint required another follow-up visit. D. Vada needed to learn more about first aid. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述十一岁女孩Vada从小乐于助人，还在女童子军学会心肺复苏。某天父亲Clint突发心脏病，Vada及时拨打急救电话，并在指导下为父亲实施心肺复苏，为抢救赢得宝贵时间。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段“Vada has always enjoyed taking care of others since she was very young…It also makes sense why she learned CPR in Girl Scouts.(Vada从小就喜欢照顾他人……这也解释了她为什么要在女童子军学习心肺复苏)”可知，她学习心肺复苏是出于想要帮助他人。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He lay on the sofa and Vada brought him the covers.(他躺在沙发上，Vada给他拿来被子保暖)”可知，发现父亲身体不适后，她帮忙为父亲保暖。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Vada has always enjoyed taking care of others since she was very young.(Vada自幼就一直乐于照顾他人。)”和第四段“Nervous, she rushed in and saw him struggling to breathe on the floor, she forced herself to remain calm and called 911.(她感到很紧张，急忙冲了进去，看到他在地板上艰难地呼吸着，她强迫自己保持冷静，并拨打了911。)”等内容可知，Vada从小照顾他人、危急时刻主动救助父亲，体现她心地善良乐于助人；事发时她保持冷静、沉着拨打急救电话并实施急救，体现她头脑冷静。D项caring and cool-headed符合人物形象。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段救援人员所说“Vada has already done the life-saving part and we’re taking it from there to do everything we can to help him.(救命的关键部分Vada已经完成，我们接手后续救治)”可知，这句话表明Vada的心肺复苏操作起到了关键作用，做得非常出色。 B Climate change is reshaping our world in unexpected ways, from rising temperatures to disrupted ecosystems. Now, scientists warn that melting polar ice caps are even affecting how we keep track of time. A recent study in Nature reveals that the rapid melting of polar ice is slowing Earth’s rotation (旋转). As meltwater flows into oceans, it collects around the equator, the imaginary circle dividing the earth into two equal parts. The planet gets slightly “fatter” there, which makes Earth turn slowly, much like an ice skater slowing down by stretching out her arms during a spin. A slower rotation means each day — the time for one full turn of Earth — gets a bit longer. As a result, the sun doesn’t rise or set exactly when we expect, which poses a critical challenge to global timekeeping systems. Modern life relies on ultra-precise synchronization (同步) across technologies. Financial markets, air traffic control, internet servers, and communication networks depend on perfectly aligned clocks. Even a tiny timing error could trigger chaos. To address this, scientists propose introducing a negative leap second by 2029. This would make clocks jump from 23:59:58 straight to midnight, skipping 23:59:59, so our devices can match Earth’s actual rotation. Geophysicist Duncan Agnew from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography explained this in the Nature paper. However, this solution comes with risks. Unlike positive leap seconds (adding a second), which have been used since 1972, negative leap seconds have never been tested. Experts like physicist Judah Levine warn that software designed to handle time adjustments may fail. Past issues highlight the danger: In 2012, adding a leap second crashed airline booking systems, froze stock exchanges, and disrupted major websites like Reddit and LinkedIn. These events show how fragile our time-dependent world is, and climate change is making it even more challenging. 5. Which factor is responsible for Earth’s slower rotation? A. Ice mass gathering at the equator. B. Meltwater moving to the equator. C. Atmosphere thickening at the equator. D. Ocean currents intensifying near the equator. 6. What can be learned about the proposed “negative leap second”? A. It may cause system failures. B. It is a widely accepted time solution. C. It caused a major system crash in 2012. D. It has been successfully tested since 1972. 7. What is the author’s attitude toward the effects of climate change on timekeeping? A. Concerned. B. Reserved. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The History of Leap Seconds B. Risks in Adjusting Global Clocks C. Climate’s Surprising Test on Time D. Innovations in Timekeeping Technologies 【答案】5. B 6. A 7. A 8. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化引发极地冰盖融化，融水涌向赤道使地球自转变慢，进而给全球计时系统带来挑战，科学家提议引入负闰秒解决该问题，但这一方案也存在系统故障的潜在风险，体现了气候变化对计时领域的意外影响。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第2段中“As meltwater flows into oceans, it collects around the equator(随着融水流入海洋，这些水在赤道附近聚集)”和“The planet gets slightly ‘fatter’ there, which makes Earth turn slowly(地球的赤道部位会变得稍微‘臃肿’，这就导致了地球自转速度变慢)”可知，是融水向赤道移动导致了地球自转变慢。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第5段中“Experts like physicist Judah Levine warn that software designed to handle time adjustments may fail(像物理学家犹大·莱文这样的专家警告称，为处理时间调整而设计的软件可能会出现故障)”可知，提议引入的“负闰秒”可能会引发系统故障。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第6段中“These events show how fragile our time-dependent world is, and climate change is making it even more challenging(这些事件表明，我们这个依赖时间的世界是多么脆弱，而气候变化正让这一状况变得更具挑战性)”可知，作者对气候变化给计时带来的影响持担忧的态度。故选A。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第1段中“Now, scientists warn that melting polar ice caps are even affecting how we keep track of time(如今，科学家警告称，极地冰盖的融化甚至正影响着我们的计时方式)”以及全文围绕气候变化对全球计时系统的意外影响展开介绍可知，“气候对时间的意外考验”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 C Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a lighthearted tone might reduce their authority and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings. A new study challenges this idea, showing that well-chosen humor can actually make scientists more likable and their research more trustworthy. Led by Alexandra Lynn Frank from the University of Georgia, the research tested humor’s role in science communication through social media. The team created posts from a fictional scientist, Dr. Jamie Devon, sharing cartoons about artificial intelligence (AI). These posts used three humor styles: playful comparisons (like giving robots human characteristics), mean jokes about technology, or a mix of both. Some posts had no humor as a comparison. Over 2,200 participants viewed these posts in an online experiment. They rated how funny the content was, how much they liked the scientist, and how credible the information seemed. Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable. However, mean or unfriendly jokes reduced trust in the scientist. “Humor helps people connect with scientists,” Frank explained. “When we laugh, we’re more open to listening.” But she stressed that jokes must feel natural, adding, “If the audience doesn’t find it funny, it could backfire.” For example, playful cartoons worked better than making fun of tech failures. The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation. While focused on AI, these tips apply to fields like health or environmental science. In today’s fast-paced digital world, humor could help scientists stand out on social media. Funny posts may attract more viewers, make tough topics easier to understand, and build public trust. The key is balancing fun with facts: lighthearted jokes don’t weaken authority but create friendly, memorable connections. Frank’s team hopes their findings encourage scientists to experiment with humor. As one participant noted, “A scientist who jokes feels more human — like someone I’d trust.” 9. Why do the scientists avoid using jokes in their communication? A. Because they think that using jokes wastes research time. B. Because they are afraid that jokes might confuse the public. C. Because they fear that jokes could make their work appear unreliable. D. Because they are worried that jokes might distract from scientific facts. 10. What does the underlined word “backfire” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Be effective. B. Make people laugh. C. Be natural. D. Have the opposite result. 11. According to the study, what kind of humor is recommended for scientists? A. Jokes that target individuals. B. Playful comparisons and gentle jokes. C. Making fun of technology failures. D. Using complex ideas to create humor. 12. What can be learned from the participant’s comment in Frank’s team? A. The audience should trust what scientists say. B. Lighthearted jokes make the posts easier to memorize. C. Frank’s team has succeeded in creating a relaxed academic atmosphere. D. Experiments with appropriate funniness actually gain greater acceptance. 【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B 12. D 【解析】 【导语】研究表明恰当温和的幽默能拉近科学家与公众距离、提升可信度，刻薄玩笑则适得其反，合适幽默还利于科普传播、收获大众认可。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Politicians often use humor to win public support, but scientists traditionally avoid jokes, worried that a lighthearted tone might reduce their authority and, consequently, the trustworthiness of their findings.(政客常借助幽默博取公众支持，但科学家向来回避玩笑，担心轻松随意的语气会削弱自身权威，进而降低研究成果的可信度。)”可知，科学家不讲笑话是怕让研究成果显得不可靠。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段““Humor helps people connect with scientists,” Frank explained. “When we laugh, we’re more open to listening.” But she stressed that jokes must feel natural, adding, “If the audience doesn’t find it funny, it could backfire.” (“幽默有助于拉近人们与科学家之间的距离，”弗兰克解释道。“当我们开怀大笑时，会更愿意倾听。”但她强调，玩笑必须自然得体，并补充道：“如果观众觉得并不好笑，反而可能backfire。”)” 可知，前文讲述幽默对人们了解科学的好处，后文but表转折，这里指观众觉得不好笑会有反作用，所以猜测backfire表示“产生相反的不良后果”。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The study advises scientists to avoid tough jokes targeting individuals. Instead, gentle humor that simplifies complex ideas — like comparing climate change to the Earth having a “fever” — can build interest and fight misinformation. While focused on AI, these tips apply to fields like health or environmental science.(这项研究建议科学家不要开针对个人的尖锐玩笑。相反，用温和幽默简化复杂概念，比如把气候变化比作地球“发烧”，能引发兴趣、抵制不实信息。这些建议虽针对人工智能领域，同样适用于健康、环境科学等领域。)”以及第三段“Results revealed that light, positive humor — such as showing AI as a curious robot asking questions — made the scientist feel more approachable and the research more reliable.(研究结果表明，轻松积极的幽默，比如把人工智能塑造成好奇发问的机器人形象，能让科学家显得更平易近人，也让科研成果显得更可信。)”可知，文章推荐使用趣味类比和温和善意的玩笑。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As one participant noted, ‘A scientist who jokes feels more human — like someone I’d trust.’(一位参与者说道：会开玩笑的科学家更有人情味，更值得信赖。)”可知，适度恰当的幽默尝试能让科学家获得大众更多认可与接纳。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s now, more than ever, crucial to adopting a low-impact lifestyle since all kinds of waste, including that of the fashion industry, are piling up in landfills with astonishing speed. ___13___ Thankfully, the following tips can help you reduce clothing waste. ·Buy fewer clothes overall. ___14___ It’s a more cautious approach to shopping and consumption (消费) in general. Think twice about what you will buy and say no to over consumption. You can even try out a minimalist (极简主义的) lifestyle. Shop for what you need only when necessary, keep things simple, and go back to basics. ·Shop for high-quality clothing. High-quality clothes can cost more at first but save you money in the long run. ___15___ Moreover, quality clothes can make you feel more comfortable and confident, improve your fashion style, and help you look your best. ·___16___ Upcycling is very beneficial to the planet and your budget (预算). Instead of throwing old clothes away, use parts of or entire old clothes to make something new and more valuable. You can even create stylish and unique pieces of clothing by upcycling. ·Donate your unwanted fashion items. Do a quick online search for your local options to donate clothes that are still in good condition. Be sure to contact organizations first and ask them what type of clothes they accept. You can donate clothing to for-profit companies or to homeless shelters and family service agencies. ___17___ A. Repurpose your old clothes. B. Upcycle everyday household objects. C. Limit your fashion consumption in the first place. D. Thrown clothes have had a disastrous impact on the planet. E. They are more likely to stay in good condition for a long time. F. Heavy coats and sweaters can go to animal shelters in your local area. G. Reducing clothing waste is necessary for making fashion more sustainable. 【答案】13. D 14. C 15. E 16. A 17. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种减少服装浪费的方法。 【13题详解】 根据上文“It’s now, more than ever, crucial to adopting a low-impact lifestyle since all kinds of waste, including that of the fashion industry, are piling up in landfills with astonishing speed. (现在，采取低影响的生活方式比以往任何时候都更加重要，因为包括时尚行业在内的各种废物正以惊人的速度堆积在垃圾填埋场)”和下文“Thankfully, the following tips can help you reduce clothing waste. (值得庆幸的是，下面的建议可以帮助你减少衣服浪费)”可推知，设空处应该是关于服装浪费的，并且和下文正好构成转折关系，D选项“丢弃的衣服对地球造成了灾难性的影响。”符合题意，故选D。 【14题详解】 根据本段主题句“Buy fewer clothes overall. (少买衣服)”可知，本段主要介绍要少买衣服，再结合下文“It’s a more cautious approach to shopping and consumption (消费) in general. Think twice about what you will buy and say no to over consumption. (一般来说，这是一种更谨慎的购物和消费方式。三思而后行，对过度消费说不)”可推知，设空处应是少买衣服的具体做法，C选项“首先要限制你的时尚消费。”符合本段主旨，紧密连接下完，故选C。 【15题详解】 根据上文“High-quality clothes can cost more at first but save you money in the long run. (高质量的衣服一开始可能会贵一些，但从长远来看会帮你省钱)”以及下文“Moreover, quality clothes can make you feel more comfortable and confident, improve your fashion style, and help you look your best. (此外，高质量的衣服可以让你感觉更舒适和自信，提高你的时尚风格，并帮助你看起来最好)”可知，设空处应该购买高质量衣服的好处，E选项“它们更有可能长时间保持良好状态。”符合题意，与上下文衔接恰当，故选E。 【16题详解】 空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Upcycling is very beneficial to the planet and your budget (预算). Instead of throwing old clothes away, use parts of or entire old clothes to make something new and more valuable. You can even create stylish and unique pieces of clothing by upcycling. (升级回收对地球和你的预算都非常有益。不要把旧衣服扔掉，而是用旧衣服的一部分或整件来制作更有价值的新衣服。你甚至可以通过升级回收来制作时尚而独特的衣服)”可知，本段主要讲升级改造或者回收利用旧衣服，A选项“重新利用旧衣服。”符合本段主旨大意，故选A。 【17题详解】 根据本段主题句“Donate your unwanted fashion items. (捐赠你不想要的时尚物品)”可知，本段介绍捐赠不想要的衣服，再结合空前“You can donate clothing to for-profit companies or to homeless shelters and family service agencies. (你可以把衣服捐赠给营利性公司或无家可归者收容所和家庭服务机构)”可推知，设空处继续讲捐赠衣服的一些事情，F选项“厚外套和毛衣可以送到你当地的动物收容所。”符合题意，承接上文，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分47.5分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One sunny afternoon, a girl named Bianca and her dad were enjoying a boat trip on the water. Their peaceful time took a sudden turn when they ___18___ something unusual—a mass of fishing netting floating nearby. As they got ___19___, they were shocked to see a sea turtle trapped in the netting, ___20___ to break free. Without ___21___ , they decided to rescue it. Bianca’s dad ___22___ the boat alongside the netting and reached down to hold it. He pulled out a ___23___ and carefully cut the netting trapping the turtle. The turtle, ___24___ and confused, froze for a moment, unsure whether the stranger meant harm. Bianca’s dad worked slowly and gently, making sure not to ___25___ the turtle with the knife. After ___26___ through several layers of the netting, he finally freed the animal from it. He lifted the turtle into the boat to ____27____ for injuries. Seeing it was unharmed, he carried it to the other side of the boat and ____28____ it into the water. The turtle hesitated for a moment, and then swam away ____29____ after a gentle push from Bianca’s dad. Bianca and her dad often help sea life ____30____ , though they rarely record these rescues. Every year, ____31____ people like them save countless sea creatures from dangers like old nets and litter. It’s a ____32____ that everyone can do their part to keep our waterways clean. 18. A. heard B. made C. mentioned D. spotted 19. A. closer B. stronger C. lazier D. lighter 20. A. refusing B. happening C. struggling D. pretending 21. A. regret B. permission C. wisdom D. hesitation 22. A. guided B. cleaned C. repaired D. equipped 23. A. boat B. knife C. map D. tooth 24. A. patient B. determined C. scared D. curious 25. A. record B. hurt C. transport D. show 26. A. cutting B. passing C. looking D. living 27. A. claim B. hide C. check D. feed 28. A. stuck B. lowered C. poured D. folded 29. A. secretly B. unwillingly C. helplessly D. quickly 30. A. under treatment B. on guard C. in trouble D. at rest 31. A. kind B. generous C. famous D. honest 32. A. shame B. reminder C. rule D. joke 【答案】18. D 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述比安卡和爸爸在乘船时发现一只被困在渔网中的海龟，两人合力将其解救，以此体现善良之人对海洋生物的守护，呼吁人们守护水域清洁。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们发现异常情况时，平静的时光突然发生了转变——附近漂浮着一大片渔网。A. heard听到；B. made制作；C. mentioned提及；D. spotted发现。根据前文“One sunny afternoon, a girl named Bianca and her dad were enjoying a boat trip on the water.”以及后文“something unusual—a mass of fishing netting floating nearby”可知，两人在船上“发现”了漂浮的渔网，符合“乘船观察周围环境”的场景逻辑。故选D项。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们靠近时，震惊地发现一只海龟被困在渔网中，奋力挣扎想要挣脱。A. closer更近的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. lazier更懒的；D. lighter更轻的。根据后文“they were shocked to see a sea turtle trapped in the netting”可知，只有“靠近”后才能看清渔网中困住了海龟，“get closer”意为“靠近”。故选A项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们靠近时，震惊地发现一只海龟被困在渔网中，奋力挣扎想要挣脱。A. refusing拒绝；B. happening发生；C. struggling挣扎；D. pretending假装。根据前文“trapped in the netting”和后文“to break free”可知，海龟应是在“奋力挣扎”，“struggle to do sth.”意为“努力/挣扎着做某事”。故选C项。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们毫不犹豫地决定解救它。A. regret后悔；B. permission允许；C. wisdom智慧；D. hesitation犹豫。根据后文“they decided to rescue it”和前文“they were shocked to see a sea turtle trapped in the netting, ___3___ to break free”可知，海龟被困，他们决定解救它，由此可知，在紧急情况下，两人应是没有“犹豫”，立刻决定施救，“without hesitation”意为“毫不犹豫”。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：比安卡的爸爸将船驶到渔网旁边，伸手抓住渔网。A. guided驾驶、引导；B. cleaned清理；C. repaired修理；D. equipped配备。根据后文“the boat alongside the netting”可知，为了施救，爸爸需要将船“驾驶”到渔网旁边。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拿出一把刀，小心翼翼地割开困住海龟的渔网。A. boat船；B. knife刀；C. map地图；D. tooth牙齿。根据后文“making sure not to ___8___ the turtle with the knife.”可知，此处是指用刀割断渔网。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只海龟既害怕又困惑，愣了一会儿，不确定这个陌生人是否有恶意。A. patient耐心的；B. determined坚定的；C. scared害怕的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“confused, froze for a moment, unsure whether the stranger meant harm”可知，海龟看上去困惑，愣了一会儿，不确定这个陌生人是否有恶意，由此可推断，海龟处于“害怕”的状态，与“confused”并列体现其复杂心情。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：比安卡的爸爸动作缓慢而轻柔，确保不会用刀伤到海龟。A. record记录；B. hurt伤害；C. transport运输；D. show展示。根据前文“worked slowly and gently”可知，爸爸的小心是为了不“伤到”海龟。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：割开好几层渔网后，他终于把这只动物从渔网中解救了出来。A. cutting切割；B. passing通过；C. looking看；D. living居住。根据前文“carefully cut the netting”可知，此处指持续“切割”渔网，最终解救海龟，“cut through”意为“割穿、切开”。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把海龟举到船上检查是否受伤。A. claim声称；B. hide隐藏；C. check检查；D. feed喂养。根据后文“Seeing it was unharmed”可知，将海龟举到船上是为了“检查”伤情，“check for injuries”意为“检查是否受伤”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到它没有受伤，他把它带到船的另一边，放进水里。A. stuck卡住；B. lowered放下、降下；C. poured倾倒；D. folded折叠。根据前文“lifted the turtle into the boat”和后文“into the water”可知，把海龟举到船上，需要将海龟“慢慢放下”到水中，“lower”体现动作的轻柔，符合保护动物的细节。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：海龟犹豫了一会儿，在比安卡爸爸的轻轻一推之后，很快游走了。A. secretly秘密地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. helplessly无助地；D. quickly快速地。根据前文“Seeing it was unharmed”和“after a gentle push”可知，海龟摆脱危险后应是“快速地”游走，回归自然。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：比安卡和她的爸爸经常帮助遇到困难的海洋生物，尽管他们很少记录这些救援行动。A. under treatment接受治疗；B. on guard警惕；C. in trouble陷入困境；D. at rest休息。根据语境和前文“they were shocked to see a sea turtle trapped in the netting”可知，本文介绍的是解救被困海龟的经历，由此可知，他们帮助的是“陷入困境”的海洋生物，“sea life in trouble”意为“遇到困难的海洋生物”。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每年，像他们这样善良的人从旧渔网和垃圾等危险中拯救了无数海洋生物。A. kind善良的；B. generous慷慨的；C. famous著名的；D. honest诚实的。根据后文“people like them save countless sea creatures from dangers like old nets and litter.”可知，人们从危险中拯救无数海洋生物，由此可知，这些人是“善良的”，符合救助动物的品格描述。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这提醒着我们，每个人都可以尽自己的一份力来保持水道清洁。A. shame羞耻；B. reminder提醒；C. rule规则；D. joke玩笑。根据后文“everyone can do their part to keep our waterways clean”可知，每个人都可以尽自己的一份力来保持水道清洁，由此可知，比安卡和爸爸的故事是一种“提醒”，呼吁人们保护水域环境，符合文章主旨。故选B项。 第二节 词汇运用（共三部分，满分32.5分） Part 1 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists in Florida have ___33___ (successful) grown plants in moon soil collected during NASA’s Apollo missions (任务) in the 1960s and 1970s. ___34___ NASA-supported study at the University of Florida used soil collected by astronauts___35___ (grow) Thale Cress 2 (拟南芥). To compare results, plants were also grown in Earth soil___36___ was made to be similar to moon soil. The researchers ___37___ (add) water and then seeds to the soil, as well as daily nutrients (营养物). After just two days, their growth started. According to Professor Anna-Lisa Paul, all the plants looked the same ___38___ the sixth day. After the sixth day, ___39___, it was clear that the plants growing in moon soil were not as healthy as those growing in Earth soil. DNA testing showed that those Thale Cress 2 ___40___ (plant) in the moon soil were under stress. It was also found that the plants grew in different ways in soil from different parts of the moon. The soil collected during the Apollo 11 mission had been on the moon’s surface several billion years ___41___ (long) than the other soil, and the plants grown in it were the weakest. NASA Administrator Bill Nelson believes this research will help future space missions and that resources on the moon and Mars ____42____ (need) to develop food for astronauts living and working in space. 【答案】33. successfully 34. A 35. to grow 36. that##which 37. added 38. until 39. however 40. planted 41. longer 42. will be needed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科学家用来自月球的土壤种植植物的相关情况。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意：佛罗里达州的科学家们已经成功地在美国宇航局20世纪60年代和70年代阿波罗任务期间收集的月球土壤中种植了植物。修饰动词have grown需用副词successfully，作状语。故填successfully。 【34题详解】 考查冠词。句意：美国宇航局支持的佛罗里达大学的一项研究使用宇航员收集的土壤来种植拟南芥2号。study意为“研究”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且NASA-supported发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填A。 【35题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to grow。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为了比较结果，植物也生长在与月球土壤相似的地球土壤中。空处引导定语从句，先行词是soil，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：研究人员向土壤中加入水和种子，以及日常营养物。空处在句中作谓语，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填added。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：根据Anna-Lisa Paul教授的说法，所有的植物在第六天之前看起来都是一样的。此处表示直到第六天，所有的植物看起来都一样。此处应用until表示“直到……为止”。故填until。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，第六天之后，很明显，在月球土壤中生长的植物不如在地球土壤中生长的植物健康。上文提到“所有的植物在第六天之前看起来都是一样的”，下文提到“第六天之后，很明显，在月球土壤中生长的植物不如在地球土壤中生长的植物健康”，上下文之间为转折关系，需用副词however。故填however。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：DNA测试表明，种植在月球土壤中的拟南芥2号受到了压力。空处在句中作后置定语修饰Thale Cress 2，plant和Thale Cress 2为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填planted。 【41题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：阿波罗11号任务期间收集的土壤在月球表面的时间比其他土壤长几十亿年，其中生长的植物是最脆弱的。根据than可知，此处需用形容词比较级。故填longer。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：美国宇航局局长比尔·纳尔逊认为，这项研究将有助于未来的太空任务，月球和火星上的资源将为在太空生活和工作的宇航员开发食物。分析句子结构可知，此处为that引导的宾语从句中的谓语动词，根据上文中的“will help”和“and”可知，此处应用一般将来时，且宾语从句的主语“resources on the moon and Mars”与动词need之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填will be needed。 Part 2 根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空。（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分。注意：必须使用选必二U4-U5和选必三U1-U2所学词汇） 根据句子汉语提示或括号中所给词的正确形式填空。（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 43. Different people have different perspectives on an ________ (成语) in the same sentence. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】idiom 【解析】 【详解】句意：不同的人对同一句话中的成语有不同的看法。根据汉语提示“成语”可知，此处为名词idiom，作宾语，由空前an可知，应为名词单数形式。 44. When he realized he was late for the exam, he couldn’t help ________ (panic). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】panicking 【解析】 【详解】句意：当他意识到自己考试要迟到了时，他不禁陷入了恐慌之中。couldn’t help doing sth.表示“忍不住做某事”。 45. Her hard work finally won the ________ (recognize) of her teachers and classmates. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】recognition 【解析】 【详解】句意：她的努力工作最终赢得了老师和同学们的认可。所给词recognize为动词，意为“认可，承认”，空前有定冠词the修饰，且本空作won的宾语，应用其名词形式recognition，recognition为不可数名词。 46. After the failure, he became a ________ (谦虚的) person. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】humble 【解析】 【详解】句意：失败之后，他变成了一个谦虚的人。根据汉语提示“谦虚的”可知，此处为形容词humble，作定语修饰名词person。 47. If you don’t take action, the problem may not be ________ (永久地) solved. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】permanently 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你不采取行动，这个问题可能无法永久解决。根据汉语提示“永久地”，此处应用副词permanently，修饰动词solved。 48. My uncle works as a ________ (psychology) and helps people deal with stress. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】psychologist 【解析】 【详解】句意：我叔叔是一名心理学家，帮助人们应对压力。 不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，表示“心理学家”应用名词psychologist作宾语。 49. ________ (disturb) by the loud noise, I could hardly settle down to my homework. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Disturbed 【解析】 【详解】句意：被巨大的噪音打扰，我几乎无法静下心来写作业。句子主语I与disturb之间是被动关系，用过去分词作原因状语，句首单词首字母大写。 Part 3 根据句意完成句子，确保语句通顺，词汇、语法运用正确，每空一词。（共7题；每小题1.5分，满分10.5分。注意：必须使用选必二U4-U5和选必三U1-U2所学短语） 50. 这个实验结果与我们最初的假设相反。 The result of the experiment ________ ________ ________ what we originally assumed. 【答案】 ①. is/was ②. contrary ③. to 【解析】 【详解】“与……相反”用固定短语be contrary to，主语The result of the experiment为单数，句子可用一般现在时is，也可用一般过去时was，符合“这个实验结果与我们最初的假设相反”的语境。 51. 如果你不规律锻炼，很容易就会身材走样。 If you don’t exercise regularly, you will easily get ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. out ②. of ③. shape 【解析】 【详解】“身材走样”用固定短语get out of shape，空处需填out of shape。 52. 会上讨论的计划值得我们充分关注。 The plans discussed at the meeting ________ ________ ________ our full attention. 【答案】 ①. are/were ②. worthy ③. of 【解析】 【详解】“值得……”用固定短语be worthy of，主语The plans为复数，句子可用一般现在时are或一般过去时were，均符合要求。 53. 我了解过好几个艺术流派，尤其偏爱浪漫主义。 I have learned about several art movements, and I prefer Romanticism ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. in ②. particular 【解析】 【详解】“尤其、特别”用固定短语in particular，作状语。 54. 徒步旅行一整天后，汤姆和其他学生都筋疲力尽了。 After a whole day’s hiking, Tom as well as other students ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. was ②. worn ③. out 【解析】 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“筋疲力尽”，应用固定短语be worn out；主语是Tom as well as other students，as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数由前面的主语（Tom）决定，Tom是第三人称单数，结合前文After a whole day’s hiking可知，句子描述过去发生的状态，时态为一般过去时，be动词用was。 55. 在此次旅途中给我留下深刻印象的是这个由各种花卉组成的花园。 The garden ________ ________ various flowers left a deep impression on me during this journey. 【答案】 ①. composed ②. of 【解析】 【详解】“由……组成”可用动词短语be composed of，作后置定语修饰garden，用非谓语形式，用过去分词形式composed of表被动。 56. 他还没有下定决心辞职。 He has not yet ________ ________ ________ ________ to quit his job. 【答案】 ①. made ②. up ③. his ④. mind 【解析】 【详解】句子为现在完成时，“下定决心”用固定短语make up one’s mind，此处需用make的过去分词made，主语为He，one’s用his。 第四部分 写作（满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 57. 你校英语校报举行以“Healthy Lifestyle”为主题的征文活动，请你写一份稿件，分享自己生活方式的转变，内容包括： 1．过去情况； 2．你的转变； 3．你的感受。 注意：(1)词数80左右； (2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Healthy Lifestyle ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Healthy Lifestyle I was addicted to junk food and avoided exercise. My health suffered, and fatigue became a constant companion. A doctor’s warning drove me to change. I replaced fried foods with vegetables and sugary drinks with fresh juices. I started walking daily, gradually progressing to running and swimming. This transformation was challenging, but the rewards were substantial. My energy increased, and I felt stronger and healthier. Reflecting on this journey, I’m proud of my progress. Adopting a healthy lifestyle has not only improved my physical health but also my mental well-being. I’ll continue this path for a better future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份稿件，分享自己生活方式的转变，参加校英语校报举行的以“Healthy Lifestyle”为主题的征文活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 每天：daily →every day 以……感到自豪：be proud of →take pride in 提高：improve →enhance 继续：continue →go on with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：A doctor’s warning drove me to change. 拓展句：What a doctor had warned me of drove me to change. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Reflecting on this journey, I’m proud of my progress.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】Adopting a healthy lifestyle has not only improved my physical health but also my mental well-being.（运用了动名词短语作主语和“not only…but also…”连接并列结构） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 58. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every day after school, Lucas and Noah pressed their noses against Mr. Henderson’s shop window. They stared at the red bicycle that stood proudly in the center of the display. For months, they had saved every spare coin, yet the price still seemed far beyond their reach. When the first snow of winter covered their town, the brothers saw an opportunity. They grabbed their shovels (铲子), determined to turn the snowfall into savings through hard work. They started in their own neighborhood. But many residents had already cleared their walkways, and those who hadn’t only offered a few coins for short paths. After several tiring hours, they had earned just seven dollars — far less than they hoped. Refusing to give up, they headed to Maple Street, where the houses were bigger and the driveways deeper in snow. Noah knocked on the door of a beautiful Victorian house. Mrs. Williams answered, looking like she was in a hurry. When Noah asked if she needed her driveway shoveled, she agreed at once. She took a twenty-dollar bill from her purse and placed it into Noah’s hand. “I have to rush out,” she said with an encouraging smile. “I’ll leave it in your capable hands.” The boys stared at the bill, amazed. Twenty dollars — more than they had made the entire day! Laughing in disbelief, they set to work with fresh energy. The initial excitement carried them through the first hour of work. But as the afternoon darkened and the temperature dropped, the work became harder. Their hands grew numb (麻木)， their muscles ached, and the long driveway seemed endless. Halfway through, Lucas threw down his shovel in frustration (沮丧). “Let’s just go. She’ll never know we didn’t finish.” 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Noah’s aching hands seemed to agree with his brother’s words. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As they cleared the final shovel of snow, Mrs. Williams’ car returned. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文（162词） Noah’s aching hands seemed to agree with his brother’s words. For a moment, he stood frozen, torn between exhaustion and responsibility. Walking away meant warmth and rest, yet Mrs. Williams’ trusting smile appeared in his mind, reminding him of the confidence she had placed in them. He held the shovel tightly, bent down, and continued clearing the snow. Lucas watched him quietly and soon joined him without hesitation. Side by side, they worked through the bitter cold. In the fading light, the driveway slowly took shape under their steady effort. As they cleared the final shovel of snow, Mrs. Williams’ car returned. She looked at the perfectly shoveled driveway with pleasant surprise and expressed genuine appreciation, saying that she had known they would keep their promise. A quiet warmth spread inside the boys. On the way home, Noah touched the twenty-dollar bill in his pocket. Their dream of the red bicycle felt a little closer, yet he realized that what they earned that day was far more valuable than money. The lesson about honesty would stay with them long after the snow melted. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lucas和Noah为买心仪的自行车，下雪天铲雪赚钱，最终坚守诚信完成工作并领悟道理的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Noah酸痛的双手似乎也在赞同哥哥的话。”以及第二段首句内容“当他们铲完最后一铲雪时，Williams夫人的车回来了。”可知，第一段可描写思虑之后，兄弟俩还是决定遵守承诺。 ②由第二段首句内容“当他们铲完最后一铲雪时，Williams夫人的车回来了。”可知，第二段可描写Williams夫人非常感谢他们，而他们也明白了诚实的重要性。 2.续写线索：Noah也赞同哥哥的话，但是，他突然想起Williams夫人的信任——于是他决定继续清理积雪，而Lucas静静看着他，也加入他一起清理积雪——慢慢地，车道开始露出原貌——Williams夫人也回来了——她看着干干净净的车道，非常感动，她感谢了俩人的信守承诺——兄弟俩也明白了诚实的重要性 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①握住：hold/grasp ②成型：take shape/come into being ③信守他们的承诺：keep their promise/keep their word/stick to their promise 情绪类 ①疲惫：exhaustion/weariness ②惊讶：surprise/astonishment 【点睛】【高分句型1】She looked at the perfectly shoveled driveway with pleasant surprise and expressed genuine appreciation, saying that she had known they would keep their promise.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Their dream of the red bicycle felt a little closer, yet he realized that what they earned that day was far more valuable than money.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $