Unit 5 Natural disasters（语法选择专练）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级下册

Unit 5 Natural disasters（语法选择专练） 基础篇 Passage 1 In 2025, a heavy rain hit Guizhou and caused a landslide (山体滑坡). Pan Jide, a kind villager, saved 43 people successfully. Here is his story. That night, the rain was terrible. Pan found the mountain was in danger. He first sent 1 family to a safe place, then took a steel basin and a stick. He knocked the basin hard to wake villagers up. “Run quickly! The mountain will fall!” he shouted loudly. He helped the elderly walk, and even carried those who couldn’t move. In 30 minutes, all villagers got to high ground. Later, the village was destroyed, but no one died. Pan 2 a “disaster prevention guide” for more than two years, so he knew how to deal with it. People were shocked and thankful. “ 3 brave man he is!” they said. They asked Pan 4 he could teach them disaster prevention skills. Of course Pan taught them then. Disasters are cruel, 5 love is endless. Pan’s action shows that small kindness can bring great warmth. Many people 6 by his spirit and joined the prevention team. When facing 7 sudden disaster, people are 8 trouble but help each other. This also shows great spirits. And Pan’s courage makes us 9 than before. We all come to know the importance of 10 and love too. 1．A．he B．his C．him 2．A．has been B．was C．will be 3．A．What B．How C．What a 4．A．that B．if C．when 5．A．and B．so C．but 6．A．were moved B．are moved C．moved 7．A．an B．a C．the 8．A．with B．on C．in 9．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 10．A．safety B．safe C．safely Passage 2 Last Friday evening, a terrible storm hit our city. I 1 doing my homework in my room at that time. My parents 2 watching TV in the living room. Suddenly, the lights went out with a loud sound. The wind 3 hard and the rain beat heavily against the windows. We heard loud thunder and saw bright lightning in the dark sky. My little sister was very scared and started 4 . My mother hugged her and told her not to be afraid. My father tried to find a flashlight, but he couldn’t find it anywhere. The storm 5 for about an hour. During that time, we sat together in the dark and talked quietly to calm down. When the storm stopped, the lights came back on. We found that a big tree in front of our house 6 down. The street was covered with broken leaves and small branches. But luckily, no one in our family 7 hurt in this terrible storm. This experience told me that nature’s temper is sometimes very terrible. We should learn to protect ourselves 8 natural disasters. We also need to know some safety knowledge. It can help us keep safe when a storm or earthquake 9 . And it’s also 10 to prepare some emergency things at home, like flashlights and water. 1．A．am B．was C．were 2．A．are B．was C．were 3．A．blow B．blew C．is blowing 4．A．cry B．to cry C．cried 5．A．lasted B．last C．lasts 6．A．fall B．fell C．falls 7．A．is B．was C．were 8．A．from B．to C．for 9．A．happen B．happens C．happened 10．A．important B．unimportant C．interesting Passage 3 Nature’s temper is always unpredictable. Sometimes it’s gentle, but sometimes it’s very terrible. Natural disasters can happen at any time, so we need to learn how to protect ourselves. Last Friday, a sudden thunderstorm came to our city. The sky turned dark quickly, and the strong wind 1 hard. Many trees 2 on the street, and some cars were hit by them. The rain beat heavily against the windows. Many people 3 the rain and had to stay in the nearest shops to wait for it to stop. A little girl was lost in the storm and she was very 4 . A kind woman found her and tried to 5 her down. She took care of the girl and 6 her parents. 7 the help of the police, the girl met her parents 8 . The parents were very thankful to the woman and the police. This storm told us that natural disasters are dangerous. We should learn more about self-protection skills. When a disaster happens, we must 9 calm and act quickly. We should also help each other   10 people in trouble. 1．A．blow B．blew C．blows D．blowing 2．A．fell down B．fell off C．fell over D．fell behind 3．A．caught in B．were caught in C．catch in D．are caught in 4．A．scare B．scared C．scaring D．scares 5．A．calm B．calming C．calmed D．calms 6．A．look for B．looked for C．find D．found 7．A．With B．In C．On D．At 8．A．in time B．on time C．at time D．for time 9．A．keep B．keeps C．kept D．keeping 10．A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped Passage 4 Last week, a strong typhoon hit our town. Our family made preparations before it arrived. My father 1 the windows with boards, and my mother stored food and water. I helped move our things off the floor. 2 we were doing that, the wind started to blow strongly. At around 8:00 p.m., the typhoon landed on the coast. I 3 in my room when I suddenly heard a loud noise outside. The power went out, and everything was dark. My little sister was scared and started to cry. My mother gave her a hug and told her a story to make her feel 4 . The rain was 5 heavily against the windows all night. We could hear trees falling outside. It was really scary. 6 the typhoon passed, we went outside to check the damage. Some trees were broken, but our house was safe. We were very lucky. I learned that it is important to make good 7 for a natural disaster. Also, we should stay calm and help 8 during difficult times. My friend Lisa was not so lucky. Her family 9 driving home when the strong winds started. They almost got into an accident. Now, whenever a typhoon comes, we know what to do. Trying 10 can help us stay safe. 1．A．cover B．covered C．covers D．covering 2．A．When B．After C．While D．Before 3．A．read B．reads C．was reading D．am reading 4．A．better B．worse C．angrier D．sadder 5．A．beat B．beats C．beating D．beated 6．A．Before B．While C．After D．As long as 7．A．preparation B．preparations C．prepare D．preparing 8．A．one another B．each other C．both A and B D．together 9．A．is B．were C．was D．are 10．A．new something B．something new C．new anything D．anything new Passage 5 Natural disasters 1 more frequent and severe in recent years around the world. Scientists believe that climate change 2 a major role in this worrying trend. Many countries now 3 better warning systems including advanced weather monitoring technology to protect people from potential dangers. When a disaster suddenly 4 , it is important to stay calm and avoid panic. People should immediately follow instructions 5 by local authorities through official channels. In some high-risk areas, schools regularly practise earthquake and fire drills so that students 6 exactly what to do when real emergencies occur, such as where to find safe shelter. We cannot prevent natural disasters from 7 completely, but we can definitely reduce their impact through adequate preparation. Making an emergency kit with essential supplies is much 8 than waiting until the last minute when stores may be closed. Remember, being prepared today 9 your life tomorrow and protects your loved ones. Let’s all learn 10 ready for unexpected events by creating family emergency plans and staying informed about local risks. 1．A．have become B．became C．are becoming 2．A．plays B．played C．playing 3．A．develop B．developed C．are developing 4．A．strikes B．struck C．will strike 5．A．give B．gave C．given 6．A．know B．knew C．will know 7．A．happen B．happening C．happened 8．A．good B．better C．best 9．A．saves B．save C．could save 10．A．be B．to be C．being 进阶篇 Passage 1 Typhoons are one of the most dangerous natural disasters in coastal areas. Last summer, a strong typhoon 1 our city suddenly. Before it arrived, the weather forecast 2 people to stay at home and close all windows tightly. When the typhoon came, the wind blew so 3 that many street signs fell down, and the rain poured heavily. Many big trees 4 by the wind. Some roads were blocked, so cars 5 pass through. A little girl was trapped in her house alone when a kind volunteer 6 and helped her get to a safe place. After the typhoon, the sun came out the next morning. People worked together 7 the mess. Many people found that their houses 8 by the strong wind. The government provided food and water for 9 who lost their homes. Although the typhoon caused much damage, 10 people got hurt because of the timely preparation. We learned that it’s important to follow the disaster safety rules before a typhoon comes. 1．A．hit B．hits C．will hit 2．A．warned B．had warned C．was warning 3．A．strongly B．strong C．stronger 4．A．were blown down B．blew down C．blow down 5．A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t 6．A．was passing by B．passed by C．had passed by 7．A．clean up B．to clean up C．cleaning up 8．A．had been destroyed B．was destroyed C．destroyed 9．A．those B．that C．this 10．A．few B．a few C．little Passage 2 On Sunday night, I arrived in Myanmar (缅甸). The rescue team met up and we traveled all night 1 the city in suffering.    The trip was long and difficult. It usually takes seven hours, 2 we needed fourteen because many roads 3 . In addition, we were stopped and checked by soldiers many times on the way. As we got closer, I saw many people lost their homes and had to sleep outside. Some stayed on the streets, and 4 slept in open fields.     When we arrived, the team started working immediately. 5 man who lost his four-floor house turned to us. He asked 6 we could help find some important papers under the remains. The team leader agreed. 7 noon, it was 42°C, but the team kept 8 . We tried our best and we made it. People in the city are very kind. Some shop owners gave us free water and said “Hello” or “China” with a thumbs (大拇指)-up.     This is my first time joining a rescue team in another country. We 9 together for a week till now. I’m 10 touched by my teammates’ kindness and hard work. In a disaster, I hope everyone stays safe, no matter who they are. 1．A．reach B．to reach C．reaching D．reached 2．A．and B．or C．but D．so 3．A．closing B．closed C．was closing D．were closed 4．A．other B．others C．the other D．another 5．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 6．A．when B．how C．if D．unless 7．A．In B．At C．On D．From 8．A．work B．working C．to work D．worked 9．A．worked B．were working C．have worked D．had worked 10．A．deeper B．deeply C．depth D．deep Passage 3 Natural disasters are unpredictable and can bring great damage to human beings. However, with proper preparation and scientific knowledge, we can minimize the risks and protect ourselves better. First, it’s necessary to learn about different types of natural disasters. We should know their characteristics, warning signs, and 1 measures. For example, before a typhoon comes, we need to close windows, store enough food and water, and 2 from low-lying areas. Knowing these basic facts can help us stay calm when disasters happen. Second, paying attention to weather forecasts and early warnings is crucial. Meteorological departments use advanced equipment to monitor weather changes and 3 warnings in time. We should check the forecasts regularly, especially during seasons when natural disasters are 4 , such as summer and autumn for typhoons. Third, having an emergency plan is essential for families. Every family should discuss and make a plan that includes meeting places, emergency contacts, and necessary supplies. It’s also important to practice the plan 5 so that everyone knows what to do in an emergency. Fourth, helping each other during and after disasters can make a big difference. When a natural disaster strikes, people in the affected areas need support. We can donate money, food, or clothing, or volunteer to help with rescue and reconstruction work. This not only helps those in need but also 6 the spirit of unity. However, even with all these preparations, we may still face unexpected situations. That’s why it’s important to stay 7 and follow the instructions of rescuers. Panic can only make things worse. We should believe that with the efforts of the government, scientists, and the whole society, we can overcome any natural disaster. In fact, facing natural disasters is also a way to test human beings’ courage and wisdom. By learning from each disaster, we can improve our prevention and response capabilities. 8 we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident in dealing with future natural disasters. Remember, nature is powerful, but human beings are 9 . As long as we respect nature, protect the environment, and prepare well, we can live in harmony with nature and reduce the damage caused by 10 temper. 1．A．protect B．protective C．protection D．protected 2．A．stay away B．stay up C．stay on D．stay in 3．A．send out B．take out C．put out D．look out 4．A．common B．commonly C．unusual D．unusually 5．A．regular B．regularly C．irregular D．irregularly 6．A．strengthen B．strengthens C．strengthened D．strengthening 7．A．calm B．calmly C．nervous D．nervously 8．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because 9．A．power B．powerful C．powerless D．powerfully 10．A．nature B．natures C．nature’s D．natural Passage 4 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Protecting the environment helps prevent many natural disasters. Let’s see how they are connected. Trees act like natural guards. They hold soil together and help prevent floods. If we cut too many trees, rain can wash away soil 1 , causing floods or mudslides (泥石流). 2 planting more trees is a good way to prevent such disasters. Rivers and oceans need 3 too. When we throw rubbish or factories 4 wastewater into them, the environment is destroyed (破坏). Healthy oceans can reduce the strength of storms, including typhoons. Clean rivers are less likely to overflow (泛滥) when 5 rains heavily. The air matters as well. Polluted air changes the weather, making some disasters 6 frequent (频繁的). For example, rising 7 caused by pollution can lead to longer and more severe droughts (干旱). 8 short, protecting the environment means protecting ourselves. Taking care of the environment is the key to 9 natural disasters. Small actions, such as saving water or recycling, can make 10 big difference in keeping us safe. So let’s begin today. 1．A．easy B．easier C．easily 2．A．So B．But C．Because 3．A．carefully B．careful C．care 4．A．pour B．poured C．pouring 5．A．it B．its C．itself 6．A．much B．more C．most 7．A．temperatures B．temperatures’ C．temperature’s 8．A．At B．In C．For 9．A．prevent B．prevented C．preventing 10．A．a B．an C．the Passage 5 The Night the River Rose The rain had been falling for three days. In the small village by the river, people were worried. Tom looked out  of the window. The river, usually calm and blue, turned brown and angry. It was rising higher and higher. At around 8:00 p.m., the water began to flow into the streets.Tom’s father shouted, “We must leave now!” While they 1 their bags, the electricity went out. The house became dark. Tom grabbed his flashlight and his dog, Max. They climbed to the roof of their house because the water was 2 deep that they couldn’t walk on the ground. It was a terrifying night. They could hear the sound of the rushing water and the wind. Tom wondered 3 they would be safe. Suddenly, a bright light shone on them. It was a rescue boat! A firefighter 4 a bright orange jacket waved at them.“Don’t worry! We are here 5 you,” he shouted. Tom and his family 6 into the boat. They were cold and wet but alive. They were taken to a safe place in a nearby school. Many other villagers were there, too. Some were crying, while 7 were drinking hot soup. The flood destroyed many houses, 8 it brought the community together. People helped each other clean up the mud after the water went down. Tom realized that nature is powerful, but human courage is 9 . He decided that he would become a firefighter when he grew up. He wanted to be the person 10 brings hope in the dark. 1．A．packed B．were packing C．pack 2．A．too B．such C．so 3．A．that B．if C．what 4．A．in B．with C．on 5．A．helped B．helping C．to help 6．A．pull B．were pulled C．pulled 7．A．others B．the other C．another 8．A．because B．since C．but 9．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 10．A．which B．who C．whom 2 / 23 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Natural disasters（语法选择专练） 基础篇 Passage 1 In 2025, a heavy rain hit Guizhou and caused a landslide (山体滑坡). Pan Jide, a kind villager, saved 43 people successfully. Here is his story. That night, the rain was terrible. Pan found the mountain was in danger. He first sent 1 family to a safe place, then took a steel basin and a stick. He knocked the basin hard to wake villagers up. “Run quickly! The mountain will fall!” he shouted loudly. He helped the elderly walk, and even carried those who couldn’t move. In 30 minutes, all villagers got to high ground. Later, the village was destroyed, but no one died. Pan 2 a “disaster prevention guide” for more than two years, so he knew how to deal with it. People were shocked and thankful. “ 3 brave man he is!” they said. They asked Pan 4 he could teach them disaster prevention skills. Of course Pan taught them then. Disasters are cruel, 5 love is endless. Pan’s action shows that small kindness can bring great warmth. Many people 6 by his spirit and joined the prevention team. When facing 7 sudden disaster, people are 8 trouble but help each other. This also shows great spirits. And Pan’s courage makes us 9 than before. We all come to know the importance of 10 and love too. 1．A．he B．his C．him 2．A．has been B．was C．will be 3．A．What B．How C．What a 4．A．that B．if C．when 5．A．and B．so C．but 6．A．were moved B．are moved C．moved 7．A．an B．a C．the 8．A．with B．on C．in 9．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 10．A．safety B．safe C．safely 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了2025年贵州山体滑坡时，善良村民潘吉得凭借防灾知识成功救出43位村民，并向大家传授防灾技能的故事，赞扬了平凡人在灾难面前的善良与勇气，传递了爱与温暖。 1．句意：他首先把他的家人送到安全的地方。 空格后是名词“family”，需要形容词性物主代词修饰，his“他的”符合语法要求；he是主格，him是宾格，均不能直接修饰名词。 2．句意：潘担任防灾指导员两年多了，所以他知道如何应对。 时间状语“for more than two years”表示“从过去持续到现在的动作”，需用现在完成时 has been；was是一般过去时，will be是一般将来时，均不符合语境。 3．句意：他是一个多么勇敢的人啊！ 本句是感叹句，“man”是可数名词单数，符合“What a +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”的结构，即What a brave man…；而How引导感叹句时后接形容词/副词。 4．句意：他们问潘是否能教他们防灾技能。 “asked”后接宾语从句，表达“是否”的含义，用if；that引导陈述事实的从句，when引导时间状语从句，均不符合语境。 5．句意：灾难是残酷的，但是爱是无尽的。 前后句是转折关系，用but；and表并列，so表因果，均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：许多人被他的精神感动，加入了防灾队伍。 主语“Many people”和动词move是被动关系，且故事发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态were moved；are moved是一般现在时的被动语态，moved是主动语态，均不符合。 7．句意：当面对突发灾难时，人们虽身处困境，却仍互相帮助。 “disaster”是可数名词单数，且“sudden”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a表示“一场”；an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表特指，均不符合。 8．句意：当面对突发灾难时，人们虽身处困境，却仍互相帮助。 固定搭配be in trouble表示“处于困境中”，with和on无此搭配。 9．句意：潘的勇气让我们比以前更强大。 “than”是比较级的标志词，需用形容词比较级stronger；strong是原级，the strongest是最高级，均不符合。 10．句意：我们也开始懂得安全和爱的重要性。 “the importance of”后接名词，名词safety“安全”符合要求；safe是形容词，safely是副词，均不能作介词宾语。 Passage 2 Last Friday evening, a terrible storm hit our city. I 1 doing my homework in my room at that time. My parents 2 watching TV in the living room. Suddenly, the lights went out with a loud sound. The wind 3 hard and the rain beat heavily against the windows. We heard loud thunder and saw bright lightning in the dark sky. My little sister was very scared and started 4 . My mother hugged her and told her not to be afraid. My father tried to find a flashlight, but he couldn’t find it anywhere. The storm 5 for about an hour. During that time, we sat together in the dark and talked quietly to calm down. When the storm stopped, the lights came back on. We found that a big tree in front of our house 6 down. The street was covered with broken leaves and small branches. But luckily, no one in our family 7 hurt in this terrible storm. This experience told me that nature’s temper is sometimes very terrible. We should learn to protect ourselves 8 natural disasters. We also need to know some safety knowledge. It can help us keep safe when a storm or earthquake 9 . And it’s also 10 to prepare some emergency things at home, like flashlights and water. 1．A．am B．was C．were 2．A．are B．was C．were 3．A．blow B．blew C．is blowing 4．A．cry B．to cry C．cried 5．A．lasted B．last C．lasts 6．A．fall B．fell C．falls 7．A．is B．was C．were 8．A．from B．to C．for 9．A．happen B．happens C．happened 10．A．important B．unimportant C．interesting 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了上周五晚上一场暴风雨袭击作者所在城市时，作者一家人的经历，以及作者从中得到的启示。 1．句意：那时我正在房间里做作业。 am是，一般现在时；was是，一般过去时，单数；were是，一般过去时，复数。根据“Last Friday evening”和“at that time”可知，此处描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语是I，be动词用was。故选B。 2．句意：我的父母正在客厅看电视。 are是，一般现在时；was是，一般过去时，单数；were是，一般过去时，复数。根据上下文语境，此处描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语是My parents，be动词用were。故选C。 3．句意：风刮得很大，雨重重地打在窗户上。 blow吹，动词原形；blew吹，过去式；is blowing正在吹，现在进行时。根据“the rain beat heavily against the windows”中的动词beat可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词blow应用过去式blew。故选B。 4．句意：我的小妹妹非常害怕，开始哭起来。 cry哭，动词原形；to cry哭，不定式；cried哭，过去式。根据固定搭配“start to do sth.”可知，此处应用动词不定式to cry。故选B。 5．句意：暴风雨持续了大约一个小时。 lasted持续，过去式；last持续，动词原形；lasts持续，一般现在时，单数。根据上下文语境，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词last应用过去式lasted。故选A。 6．句意：我们发现我们家门前的一棵大树倒了。 fall落下，动词原形；fell落下，过去式；falls落下，一般现在时，单数。根据“When the storm stopped, the lights came back on”可知，“树倒了”这一动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，动词fall应用过去式fell。故选B。 7．句意：但幸运的是，在这场可怕的暴风雨中，我们家没有人受伤。 is是，一般现在时，单数；was是，一般过去时，单数；were是，一般过去时，复数。根据“no one in our family”作主语时视为单数，且句子描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，be动词用was。故选B。 8．句意：我们应该学会保护自己免受自然灾害的侵害。 from从；to到；for为了。根据固定搭配“protect…from…”意为“保护……免受……”可知，此处应用介词from。故选A。 9．句意：当暴风雨或地震发生时，它可以帮助我们保持安全。 happen发生，动词原形；happens发生，一般现在时，单数；happened发生，过去式。根据“when a storm or earthquake”引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时。主语是a storm or earthquake，动词用第三人称单数形式happens。故选B。 10．句意：在家里准备一些应急物品，比如手电筒和水，也很重要。 important重要的；unimportant不重要的；interesting有趣的。根据上下文语境，准备应急物品在自然灾害来临时是很重要的，因此应用形容词important。故选A。 Passage 3 Nature’s temper is always unpredictable. Sometimes it’s gentle, but sometimes it’s very terrible. Natural disasters can happen at any time, so we need to learn how to protect ourselves. Last Friday, a sudden thunderstorm came to our city. The sky turned dark quickly, and the strong wind 1 hard. Many trees 2 on the street, and some cars were hit by them. The rain beat heavily against the windows. Many people 3 the rain and had to stay in the nearest shops to wait for it to stop. A little girl was lost in the storm and she was very 4 . A kind woman found her and tried to 5 her down. She took care of the girl and 6 her parents. 7 the help of the police, the girl met her parents 8 . The parents were very thankful to the woman and the police. This storm told us that natural disasters are dangerous. We should learn more about self-protection skills. When a disaster happens, we must 9 calm and act quickly. We should also help each other   10 people in trouble. 1．A．blow B．blew C．blows D．blowing 2．A．fell down B．fell off C．fell over D．fell behind 3．A．caught in B．were caught in C．catch in D．are caught in 4．A．scare B．scared C．scaring D．scares 5．A．calm B．calming C．calmed D．calms 6．A．look for B．looked for C．find D．found 7．A．With B．In C．On D．At 8．A．in time B．on time C．at time D．for time 9．A．keep B．keeps C．kept D．keeping 10．A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过一次雷暴灾害中一位走失女孩得到帮助与家人团聚的故事，说明自然灾害的危险性以及人们需要学习自我保护、保持冷静、互相帮助的道理。 1．句意：天色很快暗了下来，狂风大作。 空前“turned”提示，该句时态为一般过去时，此处应填入blew，blow的过去式，作谓语。 2．句意：许多树倒在街上，一些汽车被它们撞了。 后半句“some cars were hit by them.”提示，结合选项可知，此处指许多树倒在街上，fell down“倒下”。 3．句意：许多人被雨淋了，不得不待在最近的商店里等待雨停。 空后“had”提示，时态为一般过去时，且该句主语“people”和动词catch之间是构成被动关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态作谓语，故填were caught in。 4．句意：一个小女孩在暴风雨中迷路了，她非常害怕。 空前“was”是系动词，后跟形容词，作表语，故排除A、D项；该句主语“she”是人，故填入scared，作表语，意为“感到害怕的”符合语境。 5．句意：一位好心的女士找到了她，尝试让她平静下来。 try to do sth“尝试做某事”，固定搭配，所以此处应填动词原形calm。 6．句意：她照顾女孩，寻找她的父母。 前文“A little girl was lost in the storm”明确提到小女孩在暴风雨中迷路了，所以此处指寻找她的父母，look for“寻找”；空前“took”提示，时态为一般过去时，所以此处要用looked for作谓语。 7．句意：在警察的帮助下，女孩及时见到了她的父母。 空后“the help of the police”提示，结合选项可知，此处考查：with the help of“在……的帮助下”，固定搭配，此处指在警察的帮助下，应填入With，表伴随。 8．句意：在警察的帮助下，女孩及时见到了她的父母。 “…the help of the police, the girl met her parents….”，结合选项可知，此处指在警察帮助下及时与父母相见，所以应填入in time。 9．句意：当灾难发生时，我们必须保持冷静并迅速行动。 空前“must”是情态动词，后面接动词原形。keep calm“保持冷静”，固定搭配。 10．句意：我们也应该互相帮助，去帮助那些遇到困难的人。 根据“We should also help each other ... people in trouble.”，此处不定式表示目的或后续行动。 Passage 4 Last week, a strong typhoon hit our town. Our family made preparations before it arrived. My father 1 the windows with boards, and my mother stored food and water. I helped move our things off the floor. 2 we were doing that, the wind started to blow strongly. At around 8:00 p.m., the typhoon landed on the coast. I 3 in my room when I suddenly heard a loud noise outside. The power went out, and everything was dark. My little sister was scared and started to cry. My mother gave her a hug and told her a story to make her feel 4 . The rain was 5 heavily against the windows all night. We could hear trees falling outside. It was really scary. 6 the typhoon passed, we went outside to check the damage. Some trees were broken, but our house was safe. We were very lucky. I learned that it is important to make good 7 for a natural disaster. Also, we should stay calm and help 8 during difficult times. My friend Lisa was not so lucky. Her family 9 driving home when the strong winds started. They almost got into an accident. Now, whenever a typhoon comes, we know what to do. Trying 10 can help us stay safe. 1．A．cover B．covered C．covers D．covering 2．A．When B．After C．While D．Before 3．A．read B．reads C．was reading D．am reading 4．A．better B．worse C．angrier D．sadder 5．A．beat B．beats C．beating D．beated 6．A．Before B．While C．After D．As long as 7．A．preparation B．preparations C．prepare D．preparing 8．A．one another B．each other C．both A and B D．together 9．A．is B．were C．was D．are 10．A．new something B．something new C．new anything D．anything new 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者一家人上周在强台风来袭前后所做的准备、经历的过程以及事后的感悟。 1．句意：父亲用木板遮住窗户，母亲储存食物和水。 全文讲述上周发生的事，用一般过去时，所以此处应填入covered，cover的过去式，作谓语。 2．句意：当我们正在做那件事的时候，风开始猛烈地刮起来。 “…we were doing that, the wind started to blow strongly.”提示，此处强调“风开始猛烈地刮起来”和“我们正在做那件事”两个动作同时发生，所以此处应用while引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。 3．句意：我正在房间里看书，突然听到外面一声巨响。 “I…in my room when I suddenly heard a loud noise outside.”提示，此处考查：was/were doing…when…“正在做某事，突然……”，固定搭配，指正在读书，突然听到巨响。 4．句意：我的妈妈抱了抱她，给她讲了个故事让她好受点。 前一句“My little sister was scared and started to cry.”提示，我的小妹妹很害怕，开始哭了起来。所以，妈妈讲故事是为了让害怕的妹妹感觉好一些。better“更好”。 5．句意：雨整夜猛烈地敲打着窗户。 句中“all night”和“was”提示，此处强调过去时间一直持续的动作，所以时态是过去进行时，此处应填入beating，现在分词，与空格前“was”构成过去进行时，作谓语。 6．句意：台风过后，我们出去查看损失。 后半句“we went outside to check the damage.”提示，结合常识可知，台风过后，我们才会出去查看损失。After“在……之后”。 7．句意：我明白了为自然灾害做好准备是很重要的。 “make good…for a natural disaster”提示，结合选项可知，此处考查：make preparations for“为……做准备”，固定搭配，指为自然灾害做好准备。 8．句意：此外，我们应该保持冷静，在困难时期互相帮助。 “help…during difficult times”提示，结合选项可知，此处指在困难时期互相帮助，one another和each other的中文意思都是“互相”，意思相同，可互换。 9．句意：强风开始时，她的家人正开车回家。 句中“when the strong winds started.”提示，动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时；句中“family”在这里指“全家人”，是复数概念，所以此处be动词要用were。 10．句意：尝试新事物可以帮助我们保持安全。 形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置，故排除A、C；anything常用于否定句或疑问句中，something常用于肯定句中，该句是肯定句，应选B。 Passage 5 Natural disasters 1 more frequent and severe in recent years around the world. Scientists believe that climate change 2 a major role in this worrying trend. Many countries now 3 better warning systems including advanced weather monitoring technology to protect people from potential dangers. When a disaster suddenly 4 , it is important to stay calm and avoid panic. People should immediately follow instructions 5 by local authorities through official channels. In some high-risk areas, schools regularly practise earthquake and fire drills so that students 6 exactly what to do when real emergencies occur, such as where to find safe shelter. We cannot prevent natural disasters from 7 completely, but we can definitely reduce their impact through adequate preparation. Making an emergency kit with essential supplies is much 8 than waiting until the last minute when stores may be closed. Remember, being prepared today 9 your life tomorrow and protects your loved ones. Let’s all learn 10 ready for unexpected events by creating family emergency plans and staying informed about local risks. 1．A．have become B．became C．are becoming 2．A．plays B．played C．playing 3．A．develop B．developed C．are developing 4．A．strikes B．struck C．will strike 5．A．give B．gave C．given 6．A．know B．knew C．will know 7．A．happen B．happening C．happened 8．A．good B．better C．best 9．A．saves B．save C．could save 10．A．be B．to be C．being 【答案】 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述近年来自然灾害愈发频繁，各国正完善预警系统，并强调人们应通过充分准备来降低灾害影响的故事。 1．句意：近年来，世界各地的自然灾害变得更加频繁和严重。 in recent years是现在完成时的标志，强调从过去到现在的变化，应用have become。became是一般过去时，are becoming是现在进行时，均不符合语境。 2．句意：科学家认为气候变化在这一令人担忧的趋势中扮演着重要角色。 主语climate change是单数，句子表达客观事实，应用一般现在时plays。played是一般过去时，playing不能单独作谓语，均不符。 3．句意：许多国家现在正在开发更好的预警系统，包括先进的天气监测技术，以保护人们免受潜在危险。 now体现“现阶段正在进行”的动作，应用现在进行时are developing。develop是一般现在时，developed是一般过去时，均不能体现“正在进行”的含义。 4．句意：当灾难突然来袭时，保持冷静、避免恐慌很重要。 时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，应用strikes。struck是一般过去时，will strike是一般将来时，均不符合语法规则。 5．句意：人们应立即遵循地方当局通过官方渠道发布的指示。 instructions和give是被动关系，需用过去分词given作后置定语，表示“被给出的指示”。give和gave不能体现被动含义，均不符。 6．句意：在一些高风险地区，学校定期进行地震和消防演练，以便学生在真正的紧急情况发生时确切知道该做什么。 so that引导目的状语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句用一般现在时know表“具备的能力”，比将来时更贴合语境。knew是一般过去时，will know是一般将来时，均不如know贴切。 7．句意：我们无法完全阻止自然灾害发生，但我们肯定可以通过充分准备来减少其影响。 固定搭配prevent...from doing sth.表示“阻止……做某事”，应用动名词happening。happen和happened不能跟在from后，均不符。 8．句意：准备一个包含基本物资的应急包，比等到最后一刻商店可能关门时再准备要好得多。 much后接比较级，且有than表对比，应用better。good是原级，best是最高级，均不符合比较语境。 9．句意：记住，今天做好准备会拯救你明天的生命，并保护你所爱的人。 动名词短语being prepared today作主语，谓语动词用单数，应用saves。save是原形，could save是过去将来时，均不符。 10．句意：让我们都通过制定家庭应急计划和了解当地风险，来学习为意外事件做好准备。 固定搭配learn to do sth.表示“学习做某事”，应用不定式to be。be和being不能跟在learn后，均不符。 进阶篇 Passage 1 Typhoons are one of the most dangerous natural disasters in coastal areas. Last summer, a strong typhoon 1 our city suddenly. Before it arrived, the weather forecast 2 people to stay at home and close all windows tightly. When the typhoon came, the wind blew so 3 that many street signs fell down, and the rain poured heavily. Many big trees 4 by the wind. Some roads were blocked, so cars 5 pass through. A little girl was trapped in her house alone when a kind volunteer 6 and helped her get to a safe place. After the typhoon, the sun came out the next morning. People worked together 7 the mess. Many people found that their houses 8 by the strong wind. The government provided food and water for 9 who lost their homes. Although the typhoon caused much damage, 10 people got hurt because of the timely preparation. We learned that it’s important to follow the disaster safety rules before a typhoon comes. 1．A．hit B．hits C．will hit 2．A．warned B．had warned C．was warning 3．A．strongly B．strong C．stronger 4．A．were blown down B．blew down C．blow down 5．A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t 6．A．was passing by B．passed by C．had passed by 7．A．clean up B．to clean up C．cleaning up 8．A．had been destroyed B．was destroyed C．destroyed 9．A．those B．that C．this 10．A．few B．a few C．little 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了去年夏天一场强台风袭击城市的过程，以及台风过后人们团结清理、政府提供援助的情况，强调了遵守安全规则的重要性。 1．句意：去年夏天，一场强台风突然袭击了我们的城市。 时间状语“Last summer”表示过去时间，空格处需填一般过去时的谓语动词。hit是过去式，意为“袭击”，符合语法要求。 2．句意：在它到来之前，天气预报已经警告人们待在家里并紧闭所有窗户。 动作发生在台风到来之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。had warned是过去完成时，表示在台风到来之前已经发出警告，符合语境。 3．句意：台风来临时，风刮得如此猛烈，许多路牌被吹倒，而且雨下得非常猛烈。 空格修饰动词“blew”，应用副词形式。strongly是副词，意为“猛烈地”，符合语法要求。 4．句意：许多大树被风刮倒了。 主语“Many big trees”与谓语“blow down”之间为被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情。were blown down是一般过去时的被动语态，意为“被吹倒”，符合语境。 5．句意：一些道路被堵塞，所以汽车无法通过。 道路被堵导致汽车“不能”通过，表示能力上的不可能。couldn’t意为“不能”，表示过去的能力不可能，符合语境。 6．句意：一个小女孩独自被困在家里，这时一位好心的志愿者路过并帮助她到了安全的地方。 句子描述过去发生的动作，且“and helped”为并列谓语，时态应一致。passed by是一般过去时，意为“路过”，符合语境。 7．句意：台风过后，人们一起清理混乱的现场。 空格在“worked together”后作目的状语，表示“为了清理”，应用动词不定式。to clean up是不定式，作目的状语，符合语法。 8．句意：许多人发现他们的房屋被强风摧毁了。 房屋被摧毁发生在发现之前，即“过去的过去”，且主语“houses”与谓语“destroy”之间为被动关系。had been destroyed是过去完成时的被动语态，符合语境。 9．句意：政府为那些失去家园的人提供了食物和水。 空格在介词“for”后作宾语，且指代“失去家园的人”，应用指示代词。those意为“那些人”，可以指代复数名词，符合语境。 10．句意：虽然台风造成了很大破坏，但由于及时的准备，几乎没有人受伤。 空格修饰“people”，表示“几乎没有”，且“people”是可数名词复数。few意为“几乎没有”，表示否定意义，符合语境。 Passage 2 On Sunday night, I arrived in Myanmar (缅甸). The rescue team met up and we traveled all night 1 the city in suffering.    The trip was long and difficult. It usually takes seven hours, 2 we needed fourteen because many roads 3 . In addition, we were stopped and checked by soldiers many times on the way. As we got closer, I saw many people lost their homes and had to sleep outside. Some stayed on the streets, and 4 slept in open fields.     When we arrived, the team started working immediately. 5 man who lost his four-floor house turned to us. He asked 6 we could help find some important papers under the remains. The team leader agreed. 7 noon, it was 42°C, but the team kept 8 . We tried our best and we made it. People in the city are very kind. Some shop owners gave us free water and said “Hello” or “China” with a thumbs (大拇指)-up.     This is my first time joining a rescue team in another country. We 9 together for a week till now. I’m 10 touched by my teammates’ kindness and hard work. In a disaster, I hope everyone stays safe, no matter who they are. 1．A．reach B．to reach C．reaching D．reached 2．A．and B．or C．but D．so 3．A．closing B．closed C．was closing D．were closed 4．A．other B．others C．the other D．another 5．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 6．A．when B．how C．if D．unless 7．A．In B．At C．On D．From 8．A．work B．working C．to work D．worked 9．A．worked B．were working C．have worked D．had worked 10．A．deeper B．deeply C．depth D．deep 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者加入救援队前往遭遇困境的缅甸某城市参与救援的经历。 1．句意：救援队集合后，我们连夜赶路去抵达那座陷入困境的城市。 reach到达，动词原形；to reach动词不定式；reaching动名词/现在分词；reached过去式/过去分词。根据前文“we traveled all night”可知，“连夜赶路”的目的是“抵达那座城市”，动词不定式可表目的，故选B。 2．句意：这段路程通常需要7个小时，但我们却花了14个小时，因为很多道路被封锁了。 and和，表并列；or或者，表选择；but但是，表转折；so所以，表因果。根据原文“It usually takes seven hours”与“we needed fourteen”可知，通常所需时间和实际花费时间存在明显差异，二者为转折关系，需用表转折的连词，故选C。 3．句意：这段路程通常需要7个小时，但我们却花了14个小时，因为很多道路被封锁了。 closing现在分词；closed过去式/过去分词/形容词；was closing过去进行时，主语为单数；were closed一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数。根据原文“many roads”与“close”的关系可知，道路是“被封锁”的，需用被动语态，且文章整体时态为一般过去时，主语“many roads”为复数，对应的被动语态结构为“were+过去分词”，故选D。 4．句意：一些人待在街道上，另一些人睡在空旷的田野里。 other其他的，后接名词复数；others其他人/事物，相当于“other+名词复数”；the other两者中的另一个；another三者及以上中的另一个。根据原文“Some stayed on the streets”可知，此处为“some...others...”的固定搭配，意为“一些……另一些……”，空格后无名词，需用others指代“其他的人”，故选B。 5．句意：一个失去了四层楼房的男人向我们求助。 A不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；An不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；The定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据原文“man who lost his four-floor house”可知，此处泛指“一个失去房子的男人”，并非特指某一个已知的男人，且“man”是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词A，故选A。 6．句意：他问我们是否能帮忙在废墟下找到一些重要文件。 when什么时候；how怎样；if是否；unless除非。根据原文“He asked”以及“we could help find some important papers under the remains”可知，男人是在询问“是否”能提供帮助，此处if引导宾语从句，表“是否”的含义，符合语境，故选C。 7．句意：中午时分，气温达到了42摄氏度，但救援队仍在继续工作。 In用于年、月、季节、上午/下午/晚上前；At用于具体时刻前；On用于具体日期、星期几前；From从……，常与to搭配。根据原文“noon”可知，“noon”，中午是具体时刻，需用介词At，“at noon”为固定搭配，意为“在中午”，故选B。 8．句意：中午时分，气温达到了42摄氏度，但救援队仍在继续工作。 work动词原形；working动名词/现在分词；to work动词不定式；worked过去式/过去分词。根据原文“kept”可知，“keep doing sth”为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，此处需用动名词working，故选B。 9．句意：到目前为止，我们已经一起工作了一周了。 worked工作，一般过去时；were working过去进行时；have worked现在完成时；had worked过去完成时。根据原文“till now”，到目前为止可知，该短语是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“we”为复数，需用have worked，故选C。 10．句意：我被队友们的善良和努力工作深深打动了。 deeper更深的，形容词比较级；deeply深深地，副词，修饰情感、抽象动作；depth深度，名词；deep深的，形容词/深深地，副词，修饰具体动作。根据原文“touched”，被打动的可知，此处需用副词修饰形容词“touched”，且“touched”表达的是情感，需用deeply修饰，强调程度，故选B。 Passage 3 Natural disasters are unpredictable and can bring great damage to human beings. However, with proper preparation and scientific knowledge, we can minimize the risks and protect ourselves better. First, it’s necessary to learn about different types of natural disasters. We should know their characteristics, warning signs, and 1 measures. For example, before a typhoon comes, we need to close windows, store enough food and water, and 2 from low-lying areas. Knowing these basic facts can help us stay calm when disasters happen. Second, paying attention to weather forecasts and early warnings is crucial. Meteorological departments use advanced equipment to monitor weather changes and 3 warnings in time. We should check the forecasts regularly, especially during seasons when natural disasters are 4 , such as summer and autumn for typhoons. Third, having an emergency plan is essential for families. Every family should discuss and make a plan that includes meeting places, emergency contacts, and necessary supplies. It’s also important to practice the plan 5 so that everyone knows what to do in an emergency. Fourth, helping each other during and after disasters can make a big difference. When a natural disaster strikes, people in the affected areas need support. We can donate money, food, or clothing, or volunteer to help with rescue and reconstruction work. This not only helps those in need but also 6 the spirit of unity. However, even with all these preparations, we may still face unexpected situations. That’s why it’s important to stay 7 and follow the instructions of rescuers. Panic can only make things worse. We should believe that with the efforts of the government, scientists, and the whole society, we can overcome any natural disaster. In fact, facing natural disasters is also a way to test human beings’ courage and wisdom. By learning from each disaster, we can improve our prevention and response capabilities. 8 we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident in dealing with future natural disasters. Remember, nature is powerful, but human beings are 9 . As long as we respect nature, protect the environment, and prepare well, we can live in harmony with nature and reduce the damage caused by 10 temper. 1．A．protect B．protective C．protection D．protected 2．A．stay away B．stay up C．stay on D．stay in 3．A．send out B．take out C．put out D．look out 4．A．common B．commonly C．unusual D．unusually 5．A．regular B．regularly C．irregular D．irregularly 6．A．strengthen B．strengthens C．strengthened D．strengthening 7．A．calm B．calmly C．nervous D．nervously 8．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because 9．A．power B．powerful C．powerless D．powerfully 10．A．nature B．natures C．nature’s D．natural 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了面对不可预测的自然灾害，人类可以通过学习灾害知识、关注预警、制定应急计划、互助合作以及保持冷静等方式，来降低风险、更好地保护自己，并强调在尊重自然、保护环境的前提下，人类能够与自然和谐共处。 1．句意：我们应该了解它们的特征、预警信号以及保护措施。 protect保护，动词；protective保护的，形容词；protection保护，名词；protected受保护的，形容词/过去分词。根据“their characteristics, warning signs, and...measures”可知，空处与前面两个名词并列，应选择形容词“protective”作定语，修饰“measures”，构成名词短语protective measures“防护措施”。故选B。 2．句意：例如，在台风来临前，我们需要关好窗户，储存足够的食物和水，并远离低洼地区。 stay away远离；stay up熬夜；stay on继续停留；stay in待在家里。根据“from low-lying areas”可知，台风天应“远离”低洼地带。故选A。 3．句意：气象部门使用先进设备监测天气变化并及时发出警告。 send out发出；take out取出；put out扑灭；look out小心。根据“warnings”可知，气象部门会“发出”预警。故选A。 4．句意：我们应该定期查看天气预报，特别是在自然灾害常见的季节，比如夏秋季节的台风。 common常见的，形容词；commonly常见地，副词；unusual不寻常的；unusually不寻常地。根据“such as summer and autumn for typhoons”可知，这些季节台风是“常见的”。空处修饰名词“seasons”，需用形容词“common”。故选A。 5．句意：定期演练计划也很重要，这样每个人都知道在紧急情况下该做什么。 regular定期的，形容词；regularly定期地，副词；irregular不规则的；irregularly不规则地。根据“practice the plan...so that everyone knows what to do”可知，空处修饰动词“practice”，需用副词“regularly”。故选B。 6．句意：这不仅帮助了需要帮助的人，也强化了团结精神。 strengthen强化，原形；strengthens强化，三单；strengthened强化，过去式；strengthening强化，现在分词。主语“This”指代前文互助的行为，为单数，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，动词需用三单形式“strengthens”。故选B。 7．句意：这就是为什么保持冷静并遵循救援人员的指示很重要。 calm冷静的，形容词；calmly冷静地，副词；nervous紧张的；nervously紧张地。根据“stay”可知，是“stay + 形容词”结构，表示保持某种状态，应用形容词“calm”。故选A。 8．句意：只要我们不断提高我们的知识和技能，我们在应对未来的自然灾害时会更有信心。 If如果；Unless除非；Though尽管；Because因为。根据“we keep improving our knowledge and skills, we will be more confident...”可知，前后句为条件关系，应用“If”引导条件状语从句。故选A。 9．句意：记住，大自然是强大的，但人类也是强大的。 power力量，名词；powerful强大的，形容词；powerless无力的，形容词；powerfully强大地，副词。根据“nature is powerful, but human beings are...”的并列对比结构可知，人类也是“强大的”，应用形容词“powerful”。故选B。 10．句意：只要我们尊重自然、保护环境、做好准备，我们就能与自然和谐共处，减少大自然的脾气造成的破坏。 nature自然，名词；natures自然（复数）；nature’s自然的，所有格；natural自然的，形容词。根据“caused by...temper”可知，此处表示“大自然的脾气”，应用名词所有格“nature’s”。故选C Passage 4 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Protecting the environment helps prevent many natural disasters. Let’s see how they are connected. Trees act like natural guards. They hold soil together and help prevent floods. If we cut too many trees, rain can wash away soil 1 , causing floods or mudslides (泥石流). 2 planting more trees is a good way to prevent such disasters. Rivers and oceans need 3 too. When we throw rubbish or factories 4 wastewater into them, the environment is destroyed (破坏). Healthy oceans can reduce the strength of storms, including typhoons. Clean rivers are less likely to overflow (泛滥) when 5 rains heavily. The air matters as well. Polluted air changes the weather, making some disasters 6 frequent (频繁的). For example, rising 7 caused by pollution can lead to longer and more severe droughts (干旱). 8 short, protecting the environment means protecting ourselves. Taking care of the environment is the key to 9 natural disasters. Small actions, such as saving water or recycling, can make 10 big difference in keeping us safe. So let’s begin today. 1．A．easy B．easier C．easily 2．A．So B．But C．Because 3．A．carefully B．careful C．care 4．A．pour B．poured C．pouring 5．A．it B．its C．itself 6．A．much B．more C．most 7．A．temperatures B．temperatures’ C．temperature’s 8．A．At B．In C．For 9．A．prevent B．prevented C．preventing 10．A．a B．an C．the 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了环境保护与自然灾害之间的联系，强调保护环境可以预防灾害，呼吁人们采取行动保护地球。 1．句意：如果我们砍太多的树，雨水就可以轻易冲走土壤，造成洪水灾害或泥石流。 easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易的，形容词的比较级；easily容易地，副词。修饰动词短语wash away应使用副词，easy的副词形式为easily。故选C。 2．句意：所以多种树是预防此类灾害的好方法。 So因此，表结果；But但是，表转折；Because因为，表原因。前句说明乱砍滥伐导致灾害，后句提出解决方法，构成因果关系，应用So。故选A。 3．句意：河流和海洋也需要保护。 carefully仔细地，副词；careful认真的，形容词；care关心，名词。need为实义动词，后接名词作宾语。故选C。 4．句意：当我们扔垃圾或工厂将废水倒入河流时，环境就受到破坏了。 pour倾倒，动词原形；poured动词的过去式；pouring动名词。主语factories为复数，一般现在时，谓语用动词原形pour。故选A。 5．句意：干净的河流在暴雨时不易泛滥。 it它，代词，指代上文出现的单数或不可数名词；its它的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；itself它自己，反身代词。此处it指代天气，作主语。故选A。 6．句意：污染的空气会改变天气，使一些灾害更频繁。 much多的，原级，修饰不可数名词；more更多的，比较级；most最多的，最高级。make+宾语+形容词比较级，frequent的比较级为more frequent。故选B。 7．句意：比如，由污染引起的气温上升可能导致更久更严重的干旱。 temperatures各种温度，名词复数；temperatures’各种温度的，复数名词的所有格；temperature’s温度的，单数名词的所有格。此处需要名词作主语，temperature为可数名词，此处用复数形式temperatures泛指气温。故选A。 8．句意：简而言之，保护环境就意味着保护我们自己。 At在；In在……里；For为了。in short为固定短语，意为“简而言之”。故选B。 9．句意：保护环境是预防自然灾害的关键。 prevent阻止，动词原形；prevented动词的过去式；preventing动名词。the key to中的to为介词，后接动名词preventing。故选C。 10．句意：比如像节约用水，回收利用这样的小小的举动可以在保护我们自己安全这件事上产生很大的影响。 a一个，不定冠词；an一个，不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响；起作用”。故选A。 Passage 5 The Night the River Rose The rain had been falling for three days. In the small village by the river, people were worried. Tom looked out  of the window. The river, usually calm and blue, turned brown and angry. It was rising higher and higher. At around 8:00 p.m., the water began to flow into the streets.Tom’s father shouted, “We must leave now!” While they 1 their bags, the electricity went out. The house became dark. Tom grabbed his flashlight and his dog, Max. They climbed to the roof of their house because the water was 2 deep that they couldn’t walk on the ground. It was a terrifying night. They could hear the sound of the rushing water and the wind. Tom wondered 3 they would be safe. Suddenly, a bright light shone on them. It was a rescue boat! A firefighter 4 a bright orange jacket waved at them.“Don’t worry! We are here 5 you,” he shouted. Tom and his family 6 into the boat. They were cold and wet but alive. They were taken to a safe place in a nearby school. Many other villagers were there, too. Some were crying, while 7 were drinking hot soup. The flood destroyed many houses, 8 it brought the community together. People helped each other clean up the mud after the water went down. Tom realized that nature is powerful, but human courage is 9 . He decided that he would become a firefighter when he grew up. He wanted to be the person 10 brings hope in the dark. 1．A．packed B．were packing C．pack 2．A．too B．such C．so 3．A．that B．if C．what 4．A．in B．with C．on 5．A．helped B．helping C．to help 6．A．pull B．were pulled C．pulled 7．A．others B．the other C．another 8．A．because B．since C．but 9．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 10．A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了暴雨引发洪水时，Tom一家爬上屋顶避险，最终被消防员救出。这次经历让Tom感受到了人类勇气的伟大，并立志长大后成为一名消防员。 1．句意：他们正在收拾行李时，停电了。 packed打包，过去式；were packing打包，过去进行时；pack打包，动词原形。根据“While they…their bags, the electricity went out.”可知，此处表示过去正在进行的背景动作被另一个突发动作中断，应用过去进行时。故选B。 2．句意：他们爬上了自家屋顶，因为水太深了，根本无法在地面行走。 too太；such如此，用于修饰名词；so如此，用于修饰形容词或副词。根据“... the water was ... deep that they couldn’t walk on the ground.”可知，此处是“so+adj.+that…”固定搭配，表示“如此……以至于……”。deep为形容词，应用so修饰。故选C。 3．句意：Tom不知道他们是否能安全。 that引导词，无实际意义；if是否；what什么。根据“Tom wondered…they would be safe.”可知，此处引导宾语从句，表达一种不确定的猜测，意为“是否”。故选B。 4．句意：一名穿着亮橙色夹克的消防员向他们挥手。 in穿着，后接衣服或颜色；with带有，表示伴随；on在……上。根据“A firefighter…a bright orange jacket waved at them.”可知，此处指消防员穿着亮橙色夹克。故选A。 5．句意：“别担心！我们是来帮助你们的，” 他喊道。 helped帮助，过去式；helping帮助，现在分词；to help帮助，不定式。根据“We are here…you”可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“来这里的目的”。故选C。 6．句意：Tom和他的家人被拉上了船。 pull拉，原形；were pulled被拉，被动语态；pulled拉，过去式。根据“Tom and his family…into the boat.”可知，主语“Tom和家人”是动作pull的承受者，且发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 7．句意：有些人在哭泣，而另一些人则在喝热汤。 others另一些人，指代剩余中的部分；the other另一个，指两者中的另一个；another另一个，泛指三个或以上中的另一个。根据“Some were crying, while…were drinking hot soup.”可知，此处是“some…others…”固定搭配，意为“一些……另一些……”。故选A。 8．句意：洪水摧毁了许多房屋，但也让整个社区凝聚在了一起。 because因为，表因果；since自从，表时间或原因；but但是，表转折。根据“The flood destroyed many houses, …it brought the community together.”可知，前半句描述灾难的破坏，后半句描述积极的社会影响，前后句意存在明显的转折关系。故选C。 9．句意：Tom意识到，大自然固然强大，但人类的勇气更强大。 strong强大的，原级；stronger更强大的，比较级；strongest最强大的，最高级。根据“Tom realized that nature is powerful, but human courage is…”可知，此处是将“自然的威力”与“人类的勇气”进行对比，表示人类勇气胜过大自然，应用比较级。故选B。 10．句意：他想成为那个在黑暗中带来希望的人。 which哪一个，指代物；who谁，指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，指代人，在从句中作宾语。根据“He wanted to be the person…brings hope in the dark.”可知，定语从句的先行词是the person，指人，且关系代词在从句中作谓语brings的主语。故选B。 2 / 23 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $