Unit 5 Natural disasters（单元测试·提升卷）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级下册

………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试 Unit5·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意： 本卷试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在练习卷上不给分。 一、语法选择(共10分) Rising from the Ruins Time flies. It has been many years since the Wenchuan Earthquake shook the world. The terrible disaster happened 1 May 12, 2008. In just a few minutes, beautiful towns were turned into ruins, and thousands of families lost their loved ones. However, the disaster also showed the strength of love. Soldiers and volunteers 2 arrived at the scene first were true heroes. They worked day and night without rest. They risked their own lives 3 the people buried under the rocks. The whole world witnessed 4 united and brave the Chinese people were in the face of natural disasters. Years have passed, and a miracle (奇迹) has happened. New towns 5 on the old land since then. If you go there today, you will see wide roads and safe houses. The buildings 6 by the earthquake are gone forever. Instead, new schools and hospitals stand firmly under the blue sky. 7 the scars of the earth have healed, the memories remain in our hearts. 8 the victims is our way of showing respect to life. This history teaches 9 to cherish every day we have. Nature can be cruel, but the human spirit is 10 than that. As long as we stand together, there is nothing we cannot overcome. 1．A．in B．at C．on 2．A．which B．who C．whom 3．A．to save B．saving C．save 4．A．that B．what C．how 5．A．were built B．are built C．have been built 6．A．to destroy B．destroyed C．destroying 7．A．Because B．If C．Although 8．A．Remember B．Remembering C．Remembers 9．A．us B．our C．ours 10．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 二、选词填空(共5分) 从方框中选择合适的单词或其适当形式填入空白处，使短文完整通顺。 sudden when from simple safety It was a sunny morning. People were enjoying their lives on the beach. 11 , a big wave came. A young girl noticed the strange change. She remembered what she learned 12 her geography class. 13 people heard her warning, they ran to safe places. It was a 14 but important lesson: knowledge is the key to 15 . 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共8分） 16．Over 1,200 animals can ________ (survive) in Lake Baikal. 17．The wildfire spread ________ because of the strong wind, forcing nearby residents to leave their homes at once. (rapid) 18．They ________ (search) for the missing child in the ruins for three hours by the time the sun rose. 19．The strong wind caused by the typhoon ________ (destroy) many houses near the sea yesterday. 20．We should do something to prevent the river from ________ (flood) the farmland. 21．________(anybody) is waiting for you at the school gate, Bill. 22．We were ________ (relieve) to hear that our friends were safe after the flood. 23．Mr. An told us that the number of natural disasters ________ (increase) because of climate change these years. 四、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2分，共10分） Complete the following sentences as required. (根据情景要求，完成句子。) A farmer is talking to a reporter about a severe drought. Reporter: I’m standing here at Green Valley Farm. The ground is dry and cracked. I’m with Mr. Ryan. Sir, this looks very serious. Farmer: It is the worst season I have ever seen. We are in big trouble. Reporter: I haven’t seen rain in the city for weeks. 24 ? (针对持续时间提问) Farmer: It hasn’t rained for over six months here. The rivers are drying up, and the groundwater level is dropping every day. Reporter: That is a long time. 25 ? (针对农作物影响提问) Farmer: The crops are dying before they can grow. The wheat is turning yellow, and the corn is too small to harvest. Reporter: This doesn’t just affect farmers. 26 ? (针对城市影响提问) Farmer: For people in the city, food prices will go up significantly. When supply is low, vegetables and bread become much more expensive. Reporter: So it affects everyone’s wallet. 27 ? (一般疑问句) Farmer: No, it’s not just about the lack of rain. The high temperatures are also evaporating the water we have left. It’s a double blow. Reporter: We can’t control the weather, but we can adapt. 28 ? (根据下文提问)                   Farmer: We are trying to solve this by using drip irrigation. It delivers water directly to the plant roots so we don’t waste a single drop. 五、阅读理解 (共20分) A. (每题2分，共10分) 29 Hundreds of hikers were moved out last week during a flood near Grand Canyon National Park. 30 Land became separated from a hillside in a southeastern Alaska city last Sunday. At least one person died and many were hurt. 31 A powerful storm is getting near the Philippines’ southwestern islands. In the coming days, there will be heavy rain and very strong winds. 32 Wildfires in Brazil’s southern Sao Paulo state have killed at least two people. At least 36 cities have been put on a high-risk list. 33 A powerful earthquake has hit Japan’s southern coast and it was reported that nine people got hurt lightly. A．I can see the smoke rising in the south and I think the fire is getting closer and closer. I don’t know whether I have to give up my house and move to a safe place. B．A strong wind suddenly came with clouds of yellow sand. The sky turned yellow and dark. My father told me to close all the windows quickly to keep the sand out. C． I was driving along the road down the hill when the cars ahead of mine stopped suddenly. Then I saw rocks and soil falling down the hillside. D．I went hiking with some friends there. The flood rose so quickly that we had to climb onto some trees. Luckily, some firefighters came in a boat to get us to a safe place later. E. The water came out of nowhere and my parents and I had to get to the second floor and stayed there for several days. F. The house started to shake when I was reading in my bedroom. I rushed out at once. Luckily, no one was badly hurt. G. I think I’d better put pieces of wood over the windows, or the strong winds may break them. And I’ll get flashlights ready first in case the electricity is cut off. B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题2分，共10分) Can animals sense earthquakes and other natural disasters before they happen? Is there any real science behind this idea? As far back as 373 BCE, the ancient Greeks noticed that snakes would “behave strangely days before a big earthquake”. However, there isn’t enough scientific support that animals can sense earthquakes, at least not days before they happen. When an earthquake happens, it produces two kinds of energy waves(波). The smaller one is called a primary wave, or “P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger secondary(第二的) wave, or “S wave”. The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solid(固体的) things, water and air, while the “S wave” can only pass through solid things. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can, thanks to their good senses. With their excellent sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But it’s impossible for them to have a premonition of when and where fires will start ahead of time. With the world getting warmer and warmer, wildfires become more common. It is harder than ever for animals to live through these disasters. A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The researchers studied veeries(棕色夜鸫), a kind of songbird. In certain years, these birds finished their breeding season(繁殖期) and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to have longer and more serious hurricane(飓风) seasons. The researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior to be a sign of storms. But we need more research to make sure of this. 34．Why does the “P wave” travel faster? A．Because it’s much smaller. B．Because it carries more energy. C．Because people can sense it more easily. D．Because it can move through more things. 35．What does the underlined word “premonition” mean in Paragraph 4? A．A feeling that something is going to happen. B．A feeling that something is really important. C．A feeling that something is not completely true. D．A feeling that something will turn uncomfortable. 36．Which of the following might be a sign of serious storms? A．Veeries can sense the P wave clearly. B．Veeries look for safer places to live. C．Veeries fly to South America earlier. D．Veeries smell dangerous wildfires nearby. 37．What is the structure of the passage? (P = Paragraph) (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2 …) A．A．B． C． D． 38．Which is the best title for the passage? A．How to Predict Natural Disasters B．Ways to Keep Safe During Disasters C．Animals’ Unusual Behavior Before Disasters D．Why Earthquakes Produce Two Kinds of Waves 六、完形填空(共12分) Goldie leads the pack of hungry goats ready for their daily work. These animals eat dry plants in forests and fields to help stop wildfires in California. Wildfires are a big danger to parks, communities and open land. They spread fast and burn for weeks or even months. The 39 has become worse in recent years. Goats eat the dry brush that easily catches fire. Targeted grazing (定向放牧) is a smart way to 40 fires before they start. Carl McCosker watches over the goats. He began with only four goats to clear neighbor’s land. Now, his herd (羊群) has grown because many places need their help. Why are there more fires now? Scientists say summers are hotter and winters are 41 . Rain is less common than in the past. Green plants make it hard for fire to start, but dry plants help fires spread. That’s why clearing brush is so important. Carl and his team use movable pens (围栏) called sets to guide the goats. Each set is a certain area that needs clearing. The goats eat the dry plants while the team sets up the next pen. Once the goats finish eating in one set, they 42 the next until the whole area is clear. Carl’s 120 goats work for six months each year. The goats eat from morning until night, like little eating machines. This continuous 43 to eat helps clear land quickly. A group of 100 goats can clear an entire acre—the size of a football field—in just one day. During the rainy season, the goats stay in barns. In spring, new baby goats are born and soon join the work. Carl believes targeted grazing is a natural and low-cost method. What’s more, it is better than using big machines that pollute the air. He works with family, friends, and dogs to protect the goats from wild animals. “There’s no better feeling than knowing you’re making a real difference,” Carl says with a smile. He is 44 to help keep forests and people safe from wildfires. 39．A．attention B．solution C．situation D．position 40．A．prevent B．pretend C．protect D．keep 41．A．wetter B．drier C．colder D．warmer 42．A．look forward to B．go back to C．come up with D．move on to 43．A．arrangement B．amusement C．requirement D．development 44．A．confident B．proud C．excited D．satisfied 七、任务型阅读(共12分) At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came. The ground shook hard, and many buildings fell down. Amy was trapped under the broken buildings for hours. When people saved her, her back and arms were badly hurt. After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn’t do fieldwork anymore. But Amy didn’t give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes. She used what she knew about earthquakes and combined it with new computer skills. Soon, she had good results. Now, Amy is a famous professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She started a company called SeismoGuard. This company made new earthquake warning systems. These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. Her work helped many people in places where earthquakes often occur. In 2023, she won a big award for her great work. She also tells her own story to encourage young students to study science. Thanks to Amy, people are more ready for earthquakes. 45．How old was Amy when the earthquake took place? 46．Amy couldn’t do fieldwork as before after the earthquake, could she? 47．What did Amy decide to do after she got hurt? 48．Where did Amy study to make better earthquake prediction ways? 49．How do the earthquake warning systems from SeismoGuard work? 50．What can you learn from Amy’s story? 八、书面表达(共23分) 51．假设你是李磊（Li Lei），上周你去福州看望你的阿姨，期间遭遇了当地的一次强台风。这是你第一次目睹台风。请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文描述这次经历。词数80左右。 写作提示： 1. What were the signs before the typhoon came?（turn dark, grow strong, ...） 2. What happened when the typhoon came?（blow violently（猛烈地）, ...） 3. What did the street look like after a typhoon? 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 Last week, I visited my aunt in Fuzhou and experienced the first typhoon in my life. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试 Unit5·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意： 本卷试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在练习卷上不给分。 一、语法选择(共10分) Rising from the Ruins Time flies. It has been many years since the Wenchuan Earthquake shook the world. The terrible disaster happened 1 May 12, 2008. In just a few minutes, beautiful towns were turned into ruins, and thousands of families lost their loved ones. However, the disaster also showed the strength of love. Soldiers and volunteers 2 arrived at the scene first were true heroes. They worked day and night without rest. They risked their own lives 3 the people buried under the rocks. The whole world witnessed 4 united and brave the Chinese people were in the face of natural disasters. Years have passed, and a miracle (奇迹) has happened. New towns 5 on the old land since then. If you go there today, you will see wide roads and safe houses. The buildings 6 by the earthquake are gone forever. Instead, new schools and hospitals stand firmly under the blue sky. 7 the scars of the earth have healed, the memories remain in our hearts. 8 the victims is our way of showing respect to life. This history teaches 9 to cherish every day we have. Nature can be cruel, but the human spirit is 10 than that. As long as we stand together, there is nothing we cannot overcome. 1．A．in B．at C．on 2．A．which B．who C．whom 3．A．to save B．saving C．save 4．A．that B．what C．how 5．A．were built B．are built C．have been built 6．A．to destroy B．destroyed C．destroying 7．A．Because B．If C．Although 8．A．Remember B．Remembering C．Remembers 9．A．us B．our C．ours 10．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 二、选词填空(共5分) 从方框中选择合适的单词或其适当形式填入空白处，使短文完整通顺。 sudden when from simple safety It was a sunny morning. People were enjoying their lives on the beach. 11 , a big wave came. A young girl noticed the strange change. She remembered what she learned 12 her geography class. 13 people heard her warning, they ran to safe places. It was a 14 but important lesson: knowledge is the key to 15 . 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共8分） 16．Over 1,200 animals can ________ (survive) in Lake Baikal. 17．The wildfire spread ________ because of the strong wind, forcing nearby residents to leave their homes at once. (rapid) 18．They ________ (search) for the missing child in the ruins for three hours by the time the sun rose. 19．The strong wind caused by the typhoon ________ (destroy) many houses near the sea yesterday. 20．We should do something to prevent the river from ________ (flood) the farmland. 21．________(anybody) is waiting for you at the school gate, Bill. 22．We were ________ (relieve) to hear that our friends were safe after the flood. 23．Mr. An told us that the number of natural disasters ________ (increase) because of climate change these years. 四、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2分，共10分） Complete the following sentences as required. (根据情景要求，完成句子。) A farmer is talking to a reporter about a severe drought. Reporter: I’m standing here at Green Valley Farm. The ground is dry and cracked. I’m with Mr. Ryan. Sir, this looks very serious. Farmer: It is the worst season I have ever seen. We are in big trouble. Reporter: I haven’t seen rain in the city for weeks. 24 ? (针对持续时间提问) Farmer: It hasn’t rained for over six months here. The rivers are drying up, and the groundwater level is dropping every day. Reporter: That is a long time. 25 ? (针对农作物影响提问) Farmer: The crops are dying before they can grow. The wheat is turning yellow, and the corn is too small to harvest. Reporter: This doesn’t just affect farmers. 26 ? (针对城市影响提问) Farmer: For people in the city, food prices will go up significantly. When supply is low, vegetables and bread become much more expensive. Reporter: So it affects everyone’s wallet. 27 ? (一般疑问句) Farmer: No, it’s not just about the lack of rain. The high temperatures are also evaporating the water we have left. It’s a double blow. Reporter: We can’t control the weather, but we can adapt. 28 ? (根据下文提问)                   Farmer: We are trying to solve this by using drip irrigation. It delivers water directly to the plant roots so we don’t waste a single drop. 五、阅读理解 (共20分) A. (每题2分，共10分) 29 Hundreds of hikers were moved out last week during a flood near Grand Canyon National Park. 30 Land became separated from a hillside in a southeastern Alaska city last Sunday. At least one person died and many were hurt. 31 A powerful storm is getting near the Philippines’ southwestern islands. In the coming days, there will be heavy rain and very strong winds. 32 Wildfires in Brazil’s southern Sao Paulo state have killed at least two people. At least 36 cities have been put on a high-risk list. 33 A powerful earthquake has hit Japan’s southern coast and it was reported that nine people got hurt lightly. A．I can see the smoke rising in the south and I think the fire is getting closer and closer. I don’t know whether I have to give up my house and move to a safe place. B．A strong wind suddenly came with clouds of yellow sand. The sky turned yellow and dark. My father told me to close all the windows quickly to keep the sand out. C． I was driving along the road down the hill when the cars ahead of mine stopped suddenly. Then I saw rocks and soil falling down the hillside. D．I went hiking with some friends there. The flood rose so quickly that we had to climb onto some trees. Luckily, some firefighters came in a boat to get us to a safe place later. E. The water came out of nowhere and my parents and I had to get to the second floor and stayed there for several days. F. The house started to shake when I was reading in my bedroom. I rushed out at once. Luckily, no one was badly hurt. G. I think I’d better put pieces of wood over the windows, or the strong winds may break them. And I’ll get flashlights ready first in case the electricity is cut off. B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题2分，共10分) Can animals sense earthquakes and other natural disasters before they happen? Is there any real science behind this idea? As far back as 373 BCE, the ancient Greeks noticed that snakes would “behave strangely days before a big earthquake”. However, there isn’t enough scientific support that animals can sense earthquakes, at least not days before they happen. When an earthquake happens, it produces two kinds of energy waves(波). The smaller one is called a primary wave, or “P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger secondary(第二的) wave, or “S wave”. The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solid(固体的) things, water and air, while the “S wave” can only pass through solid things. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can, thanks to their good senses. With their excellent sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But it’s impossible for them to have a premonition of when and where fires will start ahead of time. With the world getting warmer and warmer, wildfires become more common. It is harder than ever for animals to live through these disasters. A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The researchers studied veeries(棕色夜鸫), a kind of songbird. In certain years, these birds finished their breeding season(繁殖期) and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to have longer and more serious hurricane(飓风) seasons. The researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior to be a sign of storms. But we need more research to make sure of this. 34．Why does the “P wave” travel faster? A．Because it’s much smaller. B．Because it carries more energy. C．Because people can sense it more easily. D．Because it can move through more things. 35．What does the underlined word “premonition” mean in Paragraph 4? A．A feeling that something is going to happen. B．A feeling that something is really important. C．A feeling that something is not completely true. D．A feeling that something will turn uncomfortable. 36．Which of the following might be a sign of serious storms? A．Veeries can sense the P wave clearly. B．Veeries look for safer places to live. C．Veeries fly to South America earlier. D．Veeries smell dangerous wildfires nearby. 37．What is the structure of the passage? (P = Paragraph) (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2 …) A．A． B． C． D． 38．Which is the best title for the passage? A．How to Predict Natural Disasters B．Ways to Keep Safe During Disasters C．Animals’ Unusual Behavior Before Disasters D．Why Earthquakes Produce Two Kinds of Waves 六、完形填空(共12分) Goldie leads the pack of hungry goats ready for their daily work. These animals eat dry plants in forests and fields to help stop wildfires in California. Wildfires are a big danger to parks, communities and open land. They spread fast and burn for weeks or even months. The 39 has become worse in recent years. Goats eat the dry brush that easily catches fire. Targeted grazing (定向放牧) is a smart way to 40 fires before they start. Carl McCosker watches over the goats. He began with only four goats to clear neighbor’s land. Now, his herd (羊群) has grown because many places need their help. Why are there more fires now? Scientists say summers are hotter and winters are 41 . Rain is less common than in the past. Green plants make it hard for fire to start, but dry plants help fires spread. That’s why clearing brush is so important. Carl and his team use movable pens (围栏) called sets to guide the goats. Each set is a certain area that needs clearing. The goats eat the dry plants while the team sets up the next pen. Once the goats finish eating in one set, they 42 the next until the whole area is clear. Carl’s 120 goats work for six months each year. The goats eat from morning until night, like little eating machines. This continuous 43 to eat helps clear land quickly. A group of 100 goats can clear an entire acre—the size of a football field—in just one day. During the rainy season, the goats stay in barns. In spring, new baby goats are born and soon join the work. Carl believes targeted grazing is a natural and low-cost method. What’s more, it is better than using big machines that pollute the air. He works with family, friends, and dogs to protect the goats from wild animals. “There’s no better feeling than knowing you’re making a real difference,” Carl says with a smile. He is 44 to help keep forests and people safe from wildfires. 39．A．attention B．solution C．situation D．position 40．A．prevent B．pretend C．protect D．keep 41．A．wetter B．drier C．colder D．warmer 42．A．look forward to B．go back to C．come up with D．move on to 43．A．arrangement B．amusement C．requirement D．development 44．A．confident B．proud C．excited D．satisfied 七、任务型阅读(共12分) At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came. The ground shook hard, and many buildings fell down. Amy was trapped under the broken buildings for hours. When people saved her, her back and arms were badly hurt. After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn’t do fieldwork anymore. But Amy didn’t give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes. She used what she knew about earthquakes and combined it with new computer skills. Soon, she had good results. Now, Amy is a famous professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She started a company called SeismoGuard. This company made new earthquake warning systems. These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. Her work helped many people in places where earthquakes often occur. In 2023, she won a big award for her great work. She also tells her own story to encourage young students to study science. Thanks to Amy, people are more ready for earthquakes. 45．How old was Amy when the earthquake took place? 46．Amy couldn’t do fieldwork as before after the earthquake, could she? 47．What did Amy decide to do after she got hurt? 48．Where did Amy study to make better earthquake prediction ways? 49．How do the earthquake warning systems from SeismoGuard work? 50．What can you learn from Amy’s story? 八、书面表达(共23分) 51．假设你是李磊（Li Lei），上周你去福州看望你的阿姨，期间遭遇了当地的一次强台风。这是你第一次目睹台风。请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文描述这次经历。词数80左右。 写作提示： 1. What were the signs before the typhoon came?（turn dark, grow strong, ...） 2. What happened when the typhoon came?（blow violently（猛烈地）, ...） 3. What did the street look like after a typhoon? 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 Last week, I visited my aunt in Fuzhou and experienced the first typhoon in my life. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试 Unit5·提升卷（参考答案） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C B A C C B C B A B 题号 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 答案 D C G A F D A C A C 题号 39 40 41 42 43 44 答案 C A B D C B 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．Suddenly 12．from 13．When 14．simple 15．safety 16．survive 17．rapidly 18．had been searching 19．destroyed 20．flooding 21．Somebody 22．relieved 23．has increased 24．How long has it been like this 25．What happens to the crops/How does it affect the crops 26．How does it affect the city/people in the city 27．Is it just about the lack of rain 28．How are you trying to solve this/adapt to this 29．D 30．C 31．G 32．A 33．F 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．A 38．C 39．C 40．A 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．22. 46．No, she couldn’t. 47．She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. 48．At Stanford University. 49．They use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. 50．回答合理即可。参考答案：We should not give up and try hard to achieve our goals. 51．例文 Last week, I visited my aunt in Fuzhou and experienced the first typhoon in my life. Before it came, the sky turned dark and the wind grew strong. We closed all the windows and prepared some water, food and flashlights. When the typhoon hit, heavy rain poured down and strong wind blew violently. The trees were shaking wildly, their branches breaking. It was scary yet amazing to experience the typhoon. After the typhoon, the streets were dirty with leaves and water. I felt lucky to get through the typhoon safely. 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 （北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试 Unit5·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意： 本卷试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在练习卷上不给分。 一、语法选择(共10分) Rising from the Ruins Time flies. It has been many years since the Wenchuan Earthquake shook the world. The terrible disaster happened 1 May 12, 2008. In just a few minutes, beautiful towns were turned into ruins, and thousands of families lost their loved ones. However, the disaster also showed the strength of love. Soldiers and volunteers 2 arrived at the scene first were true heroes. They worked day and night without rest. They risked their own lives 3 the people buried under the rocks. The whole world witnessed 4 united and brave the Chinese people were in the face of natural disasters. Years have passed, and a miracle (奇迹) has happened. New towns 5 on the old land since then. If you go there today, you will see wide roads and safe houses. The buildings 6 by the earthquake are gone forever. Instead, new schools and hospitals stand firmly under the blue sky. 7 the scars of the earth have healed, the memories remain in our hearts. 8 the victims is our way of showing respect to life. This history teaches 9 to cherish every day we have. Nature can be cruel, but the human spirit is 10 than that. As long as we stand together, there is nothing we cannot overcome. 1．A．in B．at C．on 2．A．which B．who C．whom 3．A．to save B．saving C．save 4．A．that B．what C．how 5．A．were built B．are built C．have been built 6．A．to destroy B．destroyed C．destroying 7．A．Because B．If C．Although 8．A．Remember B．Remembering C．Remembers 9．A．us B．our C．ours 10．A．strong B．stronger C．strongest 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章回顾了2008年汶川大地震带来的巨大灾难，赞美了救援英雄们无私奉献的精神，并介绍了灾后重建的奇迹，最后感悟到人类精神的强大以及珍惜当下的重要意义。 1．句意：这场可怕的灾难发生在2008年5月12日。 in用于年份、月份、季节或上午/下午/晚上；at用于具体的时间点；on用于具体的某一天或日期。根据“…May 12, 2008.”可知，此处指具体的日期，应用介词on。故选C。 2．句意：最先抵达现场的士兵和志愿者是真正的英雄。 which哪一个，指代物；who谁，指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，指代人，在从句中作宾语。根据“Soldiers and volunteers…arrived at the scene first”可知，先行词是“士兵和志愿者”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选B。 3．句意：他们冒着生命危险去拯救埋在岩石下的人们。 to save拯救，动词不定式；saving拯救，动名词/现在分词；save拯救，动词原形。根据“They risked their own lives…the people buried under the rocks.”可知，此处表示“冒生命危险”的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。 4．句意：全世界都见证了中国人民在自然灾害面前是多么团结和勇敢。 that引导宾语从句，无实际意义；what什么；how多么。根据“…united and brave the Chinese people were…”可知，这是一个感叹句充当witnessed的宾语从句，结构为“how+形容词+主语+谓语”。故选C。 5．句意：从那以后，在这片旧土地上建起了新的城镇。 were built被建造，一般过去时的被动语态；are built被建造，一般现在时的被动语态；have been built已经建造，现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“since then”可知，句子应用现在完成时。主语“New towns”与动词build之间是被动关系，表示“新城镇被建造”，应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been done。故选C。 6．句意：被地震摧毁的建筑永远消失了。 to destroy摧毁，动词不定式；destroyed摧毁，过去分词；destroying摧毁，现在分词/动名词。根据“The buildings…by the earthquake are gone forever.”可知，此处作后置定语修饰buildings，且buildings与destroy之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。故选B。 7．句意：虽然大地的伤痕已经愈合，但记忆仍留在我们心中。 Because因为；If如果；Although虽然。根据“…the scars of the earth have healed, the memories remain in our hearts.”可知，虽然大地的伤痕已经愈合，但记忆仍留在我们心中。前后分句之间存在让步转折逻辑。故选C。 8．句意：缅怀遇难者是我们表达对生命尊重的方式。 Remember记得，动词原形；Remembering记得，动名词；Remembers记得，三单形式。根据“…the victims is our way of showing respect to life.”可知，此处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故选B。 9．句意：这段历史教会我们珍惜所拥有的每一天。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“This history teaches…to cherish…”可知，teach是及物动词，后接人称代词作宾语，应用宾格形式。故选A。 10．句意：大自然可以是残酷的，但人类的精神比这更强大。 strong强大的；stronger更强大的；strongest最强大的。根据“…than that.”可知，此处存在两者之间的比较，关键词than提示应用形容词比较级。故选B。 二、选词填空(共5分) 从方框中选择合适的单词或其适当形式填入空白处，使短文完整通顺。 sudden when from simple safety It was a sunny morning. People were enjoying their lives on the beach. 11 , a big wave came. A young girl noticed the strange change. She remembered what she learned 12 her geography class. 13 people heard her warning, they ran to safe places. It was a 14 but important lesson: knowledge is the key to 15 . 【答案】11．Suddenly 12．from 13．When 14．simple 15．safety 【导语】本文讲述了海滩上的一次突发事件：海浪突然来袭，女孩用地理课上学到的知识发出警告，让人们及时避险，说明了知识是安全的关键。 11．句意：人们正在海滩上享受生活，突然，一个大浪袭来。空格处需要副词修饰整个句子，表示“突然地”。方框中的单词sudden是形容词，需变为副词形式suddenly。 12．句意：她想起了她在地理课上学到的东西。learn sth. from...是固定搭配，表示“从……学到某物”，符合语境。 13．句意：当人们听到她的警告时，他们就跑到安全的地方。空格处需要引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，方框中的when符合语法和语义。 14．句意：这是一堂简单但重要的课：知识是……的关键。but表示转折，前后应为一对反义词，方框中的simple（简单的）与important（重要的）构成转折关系，符合语境。 15．句意：知识是安全的关键。结合前文人们跑到安全地带的情节，以及the key to sth.（……的关键）的固定搭配，方框中的safety（安全）符合语义。 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共8分） 16．Over 1,200 animals can ________ (survive) in Lake Baikal. 【答案】survive 【详解】句意：超过1200种动物能在贝加尔湖生存。情态动词“can”后需接动词原形。 17．The wildfire spread ________ because of the strong wind, forcing nearby residents to leave their homes at once. (rapid) 【答案】rapidly 【详解】句意：由于大风，野火迅速蔓延，迫使附近居民立刻离开他们的家园。此处需用副词修饰动词spread，rapid的副词形式是rapidly“迅速地”。故填rapidly。 18．They ________ (search) for the missing child in the ruins for three hours by the time the sun rose. 【答案】had been searching 【详解】句意：到太阳升起的时候，他们已经在雨中搜寻失踪的孩子三个小时了。由“by the time the sun rose”和“for three hours”可知，这里需要用过去完成进行时表示“过去的过去，持续进行的动作”，“search”的过去完成进行时形式是“had been searching”，故填had been searching。 19．The strong wind caused by the typhoon ________ (destroy) many houses near the sea yesterday. 【答案】destroyed 【详解】句意：昨天台风造成的强风摧毁了海边的许多房屋。destroy“摧毁”，根据yesterday可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式destroyed。故填destroyed。 20．We should do something to prevent the river from ________ (flood) the farmland. 【答案】flooding 【详解】句意：我们应该做些事情来防止河流淹没农田。prevent...from doing“防止……做某事”，为动词短语，from为介词，后接动名词。故填flooding。 21．________(anybody) is waiting for you at the school gate, Bill. 【答案】Somebody 【详解】句意：有人在校门口等你，比尔。anybody“某人，任何人”，常用于否定句和疑问句中；分析句子结构可知，此句为肯定句，somebody“某人”，常用于肯定句中，句首首字母要大写。故填Somebody。 22．We were ________ (relieve) to hear that our friends were safe after the flood. 【答案】relieved 【详解】句意：得知洪水后朋友们都安全，我们松了一口气。 此处需要形容词作表语，“relieve”的形容词形式是“relieved（感到宽慰的）”，用来描述人的情绪，故填relieved。 23．Mr. An told us that the number of natural disasters ________ (increase) because of climate change these years. 【答案】has increased 【详解】句意：安先生告诉我们，近年来由于气候变化，自然灾害的数量有所增加。主句“Mr. An told us”是一般过去时，宾语从句中“these years”（这些年）体现从过去持续到现在的时间背景，需用现在完成时；“the number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 四、按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2分，共10分） Complete the following sentences as required. (根据情景要求，完成句子。) A farmer is talking to a reporter about a severe drought. Reporter: I’m standing here at Green Valley Farm. The ground is dry and cracked. I’m with Mr. Ryan. Sir, this looks very serious. Farmer: It is the worst season I have ever seen. We are in big trouble. Reporter: I haven’t seen rain in the city for weeks. 24 ? (针对持续时间提问) Farmer: It hasn’t rained for over six months here. The rivers are drying up, and the groundwater level is dropping every day. Reporter: That is a long time. 25 ? (针对农作物影响提问) Farmer: The crops are dying before they can grow. The wheat is turning yellow, and the corn is too small to harvest. Reporter: This doesn’t just affect farmers. 26 ? (针对城市影响提问) Farmer: For people in the city, food prices will go up significantly. When supply is low, vegetables and bread become much more expensive. Reporter: So it affects everyone’s wallet. 27 ? (一般疑问句) Farmer: No, it’s not just about the lack of rain. The high temperatures are also evaporating the water we have left. It’s a double blow. Reporter: We can’t control the weather, but we can adapt. 28 ? (根据下文提问)                   Farmer: We are trying to solve this by using drip irrigation. It delivers water directly to the plant roots so we don’t waste a single drop. 【答案】24．How long has it been like this 25．What happens to the crops/How does it affect the crops 26．How does it affect the city/people in the city 27．Is it just about the lack of rain 28．How are you trying to solve this/adapt to this 【导语】本文主要是关于一名记者和农民瑞安先生，讨论绿谷农场遭遇严重干旱的对话，围绕干旱持续时间、对农作物和城市的影响、干旱的原因以及应对方法展开交流。 24．记者说自己在城市里好几周没见到雨了，结合农民的回答“这里已经六个多月没下雨了，河流正在干涸，地下水位每天都在下降”，可知记者的提问是针对干旱的持续时间，故用疑问句“How long has it been like this”衔接下文。 25．记者感叹干旱持续时间很长，结合农民的回答“庄稼还没长成就快枯死了，小麦正在变黄，玉米小得无法收割”，可知记者的提问是针对干旱对农作物的影响，故用疑问句“What happens to the crops/How does it affect the crops”衔接下文。 26．记者说干旱不仅仅影响农民，结合农民的回答“对城市里的人来说，食品价格将会大幅上涨，当供应不足时，蔬菜和面包会变得贵得多”，可知记者的提问是针对干旱对城市（城市里的人）的影响，故用疑问句“How does it affect the city/people in the city”衔接下文。 27．记者说干旱影响每个人的钱包，结合农民的否定回答“不，不仅仅是因为缺少雨水，高温也在蒸发我们剩下的水分，这是双重打击”，可知记者的提问是关于“干旱是否仅仅是因为缺少雨水”的一般疑问句，故用疑问句“Is it just about the lack of rain”衔接下文。 28．记者说我们无法控制天气，但可以适应，结合农民的回答“我们正试图通过滴灌来解决这个问题，它将水直接输送到植物根部，这样我们就不会浪费一滴水”，可知记者的提问是针对农民如何尝试解决干旱（适应干旱），故用疑问句“How are you trying to solve this/adapt to this”衔接下文。 五、阅读理解 (共20分) A. (每题2分，共10分) 29 Hundreds of hikers were moved out last week during a flood near Grand Canyon National Park. 30 Land became separated from a hillside in a southeastern Alaska city last Sunday. At least one person died and many were hurt. 31 A powerful storm is getting near the Philippines’ southwestern islands. In the coming days, there will be heavy rain and very strong winds. 32 Wildfires in Brazil’s southern Sao Paulo state have killed at least two people. At least 36 cities have been put on a high-risk list. 33 A powerful earthquake has hit Japan’s southern coast and it was reported that nine people got hurt lightly. A．I can see the smoke rising in the south and I think the fire is getting closer and closer. I don’t know whether I have to give up my house and move to a safe place. B．A strong wind suddenly came with clouds of yellow sand. The sky turned yellow and dark. My father told me to close all the windows quickly to keep the sand out. C． I was driving along the road down the hill when the cars ahead of mine stopped suddenly. Then I saw rocks and soil falling down the hillside. D．I went hiking with some friends there. The flood rose so quickly that we had to climb onto some trees. Luckily, some firefighters came in a boat to get us to a safe place later. E. The water came out of nowhere and my parents and I had to get to the second floor and stayed there for several days. F. The house started to shake when I was reading in my bedroom. I rushed out at once. Luckily, no one was badly hurt. G. I think I’d better put pieces of wood over the windows, or the strong winds may break them. And I’ll get flashlights ready first in case the electricity is cut off. 【答案】29．D 30．C 31．G 32．A 33．F 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，通过五则新闻报道分别描述了不同地区的自然灾害情况，包括洪水、山体滑坡、暴风雨、野火和地震，并给出了相应的个人经历描述选项，要求将新闻与个人经历相匹配。 29．根据原文“Hundreds of hikers were moved out last week during a flood near Grand Canyon National Park.”可知，该新闻描述的是大峡谷国家公园附近洪水导致数百名徒步者被疏散的情况。D选项“I went hiking with some friends there. The flood rose so quickly that we had to climb onto some trees...some firefighters came in a boat to get us to a safe place later.”直接引用了原文中的关键信息“hiking”和“flood”，并描述了因洪水快速上涨而爬树等待救援的经历，与新闻内容完全匹配。 30．根据原文“Land became separated from a hillside in a southeastern Alaska city last Sunday. At least one person died and many were hurt.”可知，该新闻描述的是阿拉斯加东南部城市发生山体滑坡，导致人员伤亡的情况。C选项“I was driving...when the cars ahead of mine stopped suddenly. Then I saw rocks and soil falling down the hillside.”直接引用了原文中的关键信息“rocks and soil falling down the hillside”，并描述了驾车时遭遇山体滑坡的经历，与新闻内容完全匹配。 31．根据原文“A powerful storm is getting near the Philippines’ southwestern islands. In the coming days, there will be heavy rain and very strong winds.”可知，该新闻描述的是菲律宾西南部岛屿即将遭遇强风暴雨的情况。G选项“I think I’d better put pieces of wood over the windows...or the strong winds may break them. And I’ll get flashlights ready first in case the electricity is cut off.”虽未直接引用原文，但描述了为应对强风和停电而采取的预防措施，与新闻中提到的“very strong winds”和可能的灾害影响相匹配。 32．根据原文“Wildfires in Brazil’s southern Sao Paulo state have killed at least two people. At least 36 cities have been put on a high-risk list.”可知，该新闻描述的是巴西圣保罗州南部野火导致人员伤亡和城市处于高风险的情况。A选项“I can see the smoke rising in the south and I think the fire is getting closer and closer. I don’t know whether I have to give up my house and move to a safe place.”直接引用了原文中的关键信息“smoke rising”和“fire”，并描述了看到野火逼近并考虑撤离的经历，与新闻内容完全匹配。 33．根据原文“A powerful earthquake has hit Japan’s southern coast and it was reported that nine people got hurt lightly.”可知，该新闻描述的是日本南部海岸发生地震并导致人员轻伤的情况。F选项“The house started to shake when I was reading in my bedroom. I rushed out at once. Luckily, no one was badly hurt.”直接引用了原文中的关键信息“house started to shake”，并描述了地震时房屋摇晃并立即撤离的经历，与新闻内容完全匹配。 B.根据短文内容选择最恰当的答案。 (每题2分，共10分) Can animals sense earthquakes and other natural disasters before they happen? Is there any real science behind this idea? As far back as 373 BCE, the ancient Greeks noticed that snakes would “behave strangely days before a big earthquake”. However, there isn’t enough scientific support that animals can sense earthquakes, at least not days before they happen. When an earthquake happens, it produces two kinds of energy waves(波). The smaller one is called a primary wave, or “P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger secondary(第二的) wave, or “S wave”. The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solid(固体的) things, water and air, while the “S wave” can only pass through solid things. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can, thanks to their good senses. With their excellent sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But it’s impossible for them to have a premonition of when and where fires will start ahead of time. With the world getting warmer and warmer, wildfires become more common. It is harder than ever for animals to live through these disasters. A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The researchers studied veeries(棕色夜鸫), a kind of songbird. In certain years, these birds finished their breeding season(繁殖期) and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to have longer and more serious hurricane(飓风) seasons. The researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior to be a sign of storms. But we need more research to make sure of this. 34．Why does the “P wave” travel faster? A．Because it’s much smaller. B．Because it carries more energy. C．Because people can sense it more easily. D．Because it can move through more things. 35．What does the underlined word “premonition” mean in Paragraph 4? A．A feeling that something is going to happen. B．A feeling that something is really important. C．A feeling that something is not completely true. D．A feeling that something will turn uncomfortable. 36．Which of the following might be a sign of serious storms? A．Veeries can sense the P wave clearly. B．Veeries look for safer places to live. C．Veeries fly to South America earlier. D．Veeries smell dangerous wildfires nearby. 37．What is the structure of the passage? (P = Paragraph) (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2 …) A．A． B． C． D． 38．Which is the best title for the passage? A．How to Predict Natural Disasters B．Ways to Keep Safe During Disasters C．Animals’ Unusual Behavior Before Disasters D．Why Earthquakes Produce Two Kinds of Waves 【答案】34．D 35．A 36．C 37．A 38．C 【导语】本文探讨了动物是否能提前感知自然灾害，介绍了相关现象、科学原理及研究进展。 34．第3段提到“The ‘P wave’ travels faster because it can move through solid things, water and air, while the ‘S wave’ can only pass through solid things”，可知P波传播更快是因为它能穿过更多物质。 35．第4段“premonition”所在句意为“但它们不可能提前对火灾发生的时间和地点有____”，结合语境，该词意为“预感（A feeling that something is going to happen）”。 36．第5段提到“these birds finished their breeding season and began moving to South America earlier than usual. Those years turned out to have longer and more serious hurricane seasons”，可知棕夜鸫更早飞往南美可能是强风暴的信号。 37．第1段提出“动物能否提前感知自然灾害”的问题；第2-5段分别从地震、火灾、风暴三个方面展开说明。结构为①—②③④⑤，对应选项A。 38．全文围绕“动物在灾害前的异常行为”展开，选项“Animals’ Unusual Behavior Before Disasters”最贴合主题。 六、完形填空(共12分) Goldie leads the pack of hungry goats ready for their daily work. These animals eat dry plants in forests and fields to help stop wildfires in California. Wildfires are a big danger to parks, communities and open land. They spread fast and burn for weeks or even months. The 39 has become worse in recent years. Goats eat the dry brush that easily catches fire. Targeted grazing (定向放牧) is a smart way to 40 fires before they start. Carl McCosker watches over the goats. He began with only four goats to clear neighbor’s land. Now, his herd (羊群) has grown because many places need their help. Why are there more fires now? Scientists say summers are hotter and winters are 41 . Rain is less common than in the past. Green plants make it hard for fire to start, but dry plants help fires spread. That’s why clearing brush is so important. Carl and his team use movable pens (围栏) called sets to guide the goats. Each set is a certain area that needs clearing. The goats eat the dry plants while the team sets up the next pen. Once the goats finish eating in one set, they 42 the next until the whole area is clear. Carl’s 120 goats work for six months each year. The goats eat from morning until night, like little eating machines. This continuous 43 to eat helps clear land quickly. A group of 100 goats can clear an entire acre—the size of a football field—in just one day. During the rainy season, the goats stay in barns. In spring, new baby goats are born and soon join the work. Carl believes targeted grazing is a natural and low-cost method. What’s more, it is better than using big machines that pollute the air. He works with family, friends, and dogs to protect the goats from wild animals. “There’s no better feeling than knowing you’re making a real difference,” Carl says with a smile. He is 44 to help keep forests and people safe from wildfires. 39．A．attention B．solution C．situation D．position 40．A．prevent B．pretend C．protect D．keep 41．A．wetter B．drier C．colder D．warmer 42．A．look forward to B．go back to C．come up with D．move on to 43．A．arrangement B．amusement C．requirement D．development 44．A．confident B．proud C．excited D．satisfied 【答案】39．C 40．A 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了利用山羊进行定向放牧以预防加州野火的情况。山羊通过吃干植物来减少火灾风险，这种方法既自然又低成本，且比使用污染空气的大型机器更有效。 39．句意：近年来情况变得更糟了。 attention注意；solution解决办法；situation情况；position位置。根据前文“Wildfires are a big danger to parks, communities and open land.”以及后文“Why are there more fires now?”可知，野火对公园、社区和开阔地构成巨大威胁，且现在火灾更多了，所以此处指的是情况变得更糟了。故选C。 40．句意：定向放牧是在火灾发生前预防火灾的一种明智方法。 prevent阻止；pretend假装；protect保护；keep保持。根据后文“That’s why clearing brush is so important.”可知，清除灌木很重要，结合常识可知，清除灌木可以预防火灾，所以此处指的是预防火灾。故选A。 41．句意：科学家表示，夏天更热，冬天更干燥。 wetter更潮湿的；drier更干燥的；colder更冷的；warmer更温暖的。根据后文“Rain is less common than in the past.”以及“but dry plants help fires spread”可知，雨水比过去少了，干植物有助于火势蔓延，所以此处指的是冬天更干燥。故选B。 42．句意：一旦山羊在一个区域吃完，它们就会转移到下一个区域，直到整个区域都被清理干净。 look forward to期待；go back to回到；come up with想出；move on to转移到。根据后文“until the whole area is clear”可知，直到整个区域都被清理干净，所以此处指的是山羊会转移到下一个区域。故选D。 43．句意：这种持续的进食需求有助于快速清理土地。 arrangement安排；amusement娱乐；requirement需求；development发展。根据前文“The goats eat from morning until night, like little eating machines.”可知，山羊从早吃到晚，就像小型的进食机器，所以此处指的是这种持续的进食需求。故选C。 44．句意：他为能帮助保护森林和人们免受野火侵袭而感到自豪。 confident自信的；proud自豪的；excited兴奋的；satisfied满意的。根据前文“Carl believes targeted grazing is a natural and low-cost method. What’s more, it is better than using big machines that pollute the air.”以及“There’s no better feeling than knowing you’re making a real difference”可知，卡尔认为定向放牧是一种自然且低成本的方法，且比使用污染空气的大型机器更好，能为保护森林和人们免受野火侵袭做出贡献，所以他应该是感到自豪的。故选B。 七、任务型阅读(共12分) At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came. The ground shook hard, and many buildings fell down. Amy was trapped under the broken buildings for hours. When people saved her, her back and arms were badly hurt. After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn’t do fieldwork anymore. But Amy didn’t give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes. She used what she knew about earthquakes and combined it with new computer skills. Soon, she had good results. Now, Amy is a famous professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She started a company called SeismoGuard. This company made new earthquake warning systems. These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. Her work helped many people in places where earthquakes often occur. In 2023, she won a big award for her great work. She also tells her own story to encourage young students to study science. Thanks to Amy, people are more ready for earthquakes. 45．How old was Amy when the earthquake took place? 46．Amy couldn’t do fieldwork as before after the earthquake, could she? 47．What did Amy decide to do after she got hurt? 48．Where did Amy study to make better earthquake prediction ways? 49．How do the earthquake warning systems from SeismoGuard work? 50．What can you learn from Amy’s story? 【答案】45．22. 46．No, she couldn’t. 47．She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. 48．At Stanford University. 49．They use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. 50．回答合理即可。参考答案：We should not give up and try hard to achieve our goals. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了科学家艾米·卡特在22岁遭遇地震受伤后，没有放弃对地震研究的追求，通过努力在斯坦福大学学习并研发出地震预警系统，帮助了很多地震频发地区的人们，还获得大奖并鼓励年轻学生学习科学，展现了她坚韧不拔的精神和对科学的贡献。 45．根据“At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came.”可知，地震发生时艾米22岁。故填22. 46．根据“After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn’t do fieldwork anymore.”可知，地震后艾米不能像以前一样做实地工作了，反意疑问句根据事实回答，事实是她不能做了，故填No, she couldn’t. 47．根据“But Amy didn’t give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes.”可知，艾米受伤后决定研究并致力于有关地震的新想法。故填She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. 48．根据“She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes.”可知，艾米去斯坦福大学学习以找到更好的预测地震的方法。故填At Stanford University. 49．根据“These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts.”可知，地震预警系统利用许多传感器和智能程序，能发现地震的最初迹象，并在强烈震动开始前几秒或几分钟通知人们。故填They use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. 50．回答合理即可。参考答案：We should not give up and try hard to achieve our goals. 八、书面表达(共23分) 51．假设你是李磊（Li Lei），上周你去福州看望你的阿姨，期间遭遇了当地的一次强台风。这是你第一次目睹台风。请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文描述这次经历。词数80左右。 写作提示： 1. What were the signs before the typhoon came?（turn dark, grow strong, ...） 2. What happened when the typhoon came?（blow violently（猛烈地）, ...） 3. What did the street look like after a typhoon? 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 Last week, I visited my aunt in Fuzhou and experienced the first typhoon in my life. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Last week, I visited my aunt in Fuzhou and experienced the first typhoon in my life. Before it came, the sky turned dark and the wind grew strong. We closed all the windows and prepared some water, food and flashlights. When the typhoon hit, heavy rain poured down and strong wind blew violently. The trees were shaking wildly, their branches breaking. It was scary yet amazing to experience the typhoon. After the typhoon, the streets were dirty with leaves and water. I felt lucky to get through the typhoon safely. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，一般过去时 明确要点：描述台风的预兆，台风袭击的过程，台风结束后的街道 确定人称：第一人称(I/we) 注意事项：文中不得出现真实的地名，校名和人名。 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：总起句，介绍台风来袭前的预兆 主体段：表述台风袭击的过程 结尾段：描述台风过后的街道以及总结感受 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：台风的预兆 预兆：the sky turned dark and the wind grew strong 要点二：台风袭击的过程 过程：heavy rain poured down and strong wind blew violently/trees were shaking wildly 要点三：台风结束后的街道 景象描述：dirty with leaves and water 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $