新仁爱版八下 Unit10 单元知识梳理【趣味课堂】英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

新仁爱八下 Unit10 World in the Cloud单元知识梳理（练习版） Preparing for the Topic Listening & Speaking 1. You can find whatever you want and you can do it much faster than usual. 你可以找到任何你想要的东西，并且比平时快得多。 (教材P56 Activity 1 B） whatever, 限定词/连接代词，意为“一切事物；无论什么,不管什么”, 引导名词性从句。 E.g. —Do whatever you can to make your dream come true. (引导宾语从句)尽你所能去实现你的梦想。 —OK. 好的。 Whatever you see is true.(引导主语从句) 你看到的一切都是真的。 拓展： whatever还可引导让步状语从句，此时与no matter what同义。 E.g. Whatever you do, I'll support you. = No matter what you do, I'll support you. 无论你做什么, 我都支持你。 归纳：与whatever有相同用法的连接代词或连接副词如下： whoever 无论谁；不管什么人 whichever 无论哪个；无论哪些 whenever 无论何时；在任何……的情况下 wherever 处处；在任何地方 however 无论如何；然而 E.g. I don't want to see them, whoever they are. 无论他们是谁，我都不想见。 You can choose whichever book I have. 只要我有的书，你都可以选。 Whenever you are in trouble, you can turn to me. 无论你什么时候遇到困难，你都可以向我求助。 However hard the math problems are, he can work them out. 无论数学题有多难，他都能算出来。 【即时练习】—I hope you can visit me ________ you are. —Of course! I’ll always be there for you. A. wherever B. whenever C. however D. whatever 2. You can open an account, check balance and do other banking business online. 你可以在网上开户、查询余额和办理其他银行业务。 (教材P56 Activity 1 B） account, 名词，意为“账户”。 E.g. I want to open an account at this bank. 我想在这家银行开个账户。 拓展： account的其他意思 account (互联网、电子邮件、社交媒体等)账户，账号/描述；叙述；报告/账目 E.g. I have applied for an email account. 我已经申请了一个电子邮件账户。 —Can you give us an account of what happened? 你能给我们讲述一下事发经过吗? —Sure. 当然。 His boss checks the account of the company every month. 他的老板每月都会查看公司账目。 【即时练习】我们应该使用强密码来保护我们的账户安全。 We should use strong passwords to keep our __________ safe. 3. People can see each other and talk face to face on the internet. 人们可以在互联网上看到彼此并面对面交谈。 (教材P56 Activity 1 B） 1) face to face意为“面对面”。 E.g. You two have never met face to face before. 你们两个以前从未见过面。 拓展：face to face的其他用法 face to face with sb.和某人面对面 face to face with sth. 面对某种处境 E.g. You'd better discuss the problem face to face with your teacher. 你最好和你的老师面对面地讨论这个问题。 Finally, he came face to face with the cultural differences. 最后，他不得不面对文化差异。 2) on the internet意为“在互联网上；通过互联网”, 可与over the internet互换。 E.g. He often goes shopping on the internet. 他经常在互联网上购物。 【即时练习】今天许多人通过短信和社交媒体交流，而不是面对面。 Many people today communicate by text messages and __________ __________ rather than __________ __________ __________. Function 1. —Li Xiang, what's the problem? 李想，怎么了? —Oh! I hate it when my internet connection is not working. 哦! 网络断线了，真可恶。 (教材P58 Activity 3） hate, 动词，意为“厌恶；极不喜欢”。 E.g. I hate rainy days. 我讨厌下雨天。 拓展：① hate的常见用法 hate sb./sth. 讨厌某人/某物 hate doing/to do sth. 讨厌做某事 hate it+when+从句 讨厌(某种情况) hate sb./sth doing/to do sth. 讨厌某人/某物做某事 E.g. He hates hamburgers. 他讨厌汉堡。 They hate wasting money. = They hate to waste money. 他们讨厌浪费钱。 He hates it when people spit everywhere. 他讨厌人们随地吐痰。 I hate him saying bad words about others. 我讨厌他说别人坏话。 I’d hate anything to happen to him. 但愿他平安无事。 ② hate的相关词性及单词 hate名词，意为“憎恨；厌恶；仇恨”。→ hateful, 形容词，意为“可恶的；十分讨厌的”。→ hater,名词，意为“(对……的)厌恶者；憎恶者”。 E.g. She was full of hate for the people who kill animals. 她对杀害动物的人充满憎恨。 I won't visit the hateful place next time. 下次我不会再来这个讨厌的地方了。 I'm not a woman hater. I just don't like Jane. 我不讨厌女性，我只是不喜欢简。 【即时练习】I really hate __________ at home alone. A. stay B. to have C. staying D. stays 2. I was in the middle of a chess game with a friend in Chengdu. 我当时正和成都的一个朋友下象棋。 (教材P40 Activity 3） 1) be in the middle of (doing) sth. 意为“忙于(做)某事”。 E.g. Jack was in the middle of cooking when I called him. 当我给杰克打电话时，他正忙着做饭。 链接：middle的相关短语 in the middle of sth. 在……(时间、空间)中间/中部/中心 in the middle中间；中部；中央；中心 E.g. The chicken isn't cooked in the middle. 这只鸡还没有熟透。 The phone rang in the middle of the night. 半夜里响起了电话铃声。 Don't stand in the middle of the room. 不要站在屋子中央。 2) chess, 名词，意为“国际象棋”。 E.g. I often play chess with my grandfather in my free time. 空闲时我经常和爷爷下国际象棋。 拓展：chess的相关短语及单词 play chess 下国际象棋 chessboard国际象棋棋盘 Chinese chess 中国象棋 chessman国际象棋棋子 【即时练习】There is a lake in the middle __________ the park. A. for B. of C. to 3. It's so fast that I can find many pictures in seconds. 它是如此之快，我可以一下子找到许多图片。 (教材P58 Activity 3） in seconds意为“一下子；立刻，马上”, 可与within seconds互换。此时second在这里作名词，意为“片刻；瞬间”。 E.g. I will be back in seconds. 我马上回来。 拓展：second的相关短语 in a second立刻，马上 just a second 一会儿，片刻 E.g. I'll be with you in a second. 我马上就去你那儿。 Just a second, I'll come and help. 稍等片刻，我就来帮忙。 【即时练习】几秒钟时间，燃烧着的平底锅里的火就被扑灭了。 __________ __________, the fire in the burning pan was put out. 4. The internet really makes our life easier, but it is not all good. 互联网真的让我们的生活更便捷，但它并非全部都好。 (教材P58 Activity 3） not all意为“并非所有……都……”。表示部分否定，后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。 E.g. Not all boys like sports. 并非所有男孩都喜欢运动。 Not all information is reliable. 并非所有信息都是可靠的。 注意：表示完全否定一般用none，意为“没有一个；没有”。 E.g. None of the students was/were late for class. 没有一个学生迟到。 归纳：not与总括性限定词（如all、both、every等）或副词always连用时，构成部分否定。常见部分否定及对应的完全否定如下： 部分否定 意思 完全否定 意思 not all 并非所有……都…… none 没有一个 not both 并非两个……都…… neither 两者都不 not every 不是每个……都…… nobody/nothing/none 没有人/没有任何东西 not always 并非总是(一直)…… never 从不 E.g. Not both of them are students. 他们两个并非都是学生。 Neither of them is/are students. 他们两个都不是学生。 Not everyone is interested in movies. 并非每一个人都对电影感兴趣。 —Nobody is interested in movies. 没有人对电影感兴趣。 —I don't think so. 我不这么认为。 【即时练习】1) __________ students in our class are from the town. Some are from the countryside. A. All B. No C. Every D. Not all 2) Not all students like sports. ( ) A. All students B. Every student C. Some students D. No students 5. Yes, sometimes people use the internet to do bad things, such as stealing personal information and sending harmful messages. 是的，有时人们用互联网去做坏事，比如窃取个人信息和发送有害文件。 (教材P58 Activity 3） steal, 动词，意为“窃取；偷”。steal的过去式为stole, 过去分词为stolen。 E.g. Someone stole my bike yesterday. 昨天有人偷了我的自行车。 拓展：steal的常用短语 steal sth. from sb./sth. 从……处偷走…… steal out of sp. 从(某地)偷偷地(或悄悄地)移动 steal the show 吸引更多的注意力 steal one's thunder抢了某人的风头(或功劳等) E.g. He stole some food from a supermarket yesterday. 他昨天从超市里偷了一些吃的。 The mother stole out of the bedroom to avoid waking the baby. 为了不吵醒孩子，妈妈悄悄地从房间里出来。 As always, the children stole the show. 和往常一样，最吸引注意力的是孩子。 【即时练习】A stranger __________ (steal) his new bike in the park yesterday. 6. They went on with their online activities while talking about the internet. 他们一边谈论着互联网，一边继续他们的线上活动。 (教材P58 Activity 3） go on with sth. 意为“(尤指停顿或中断之后)继续做某事；接着做某事”。 E.g. —That's enough for now—let's go on with it tomorrow. 现在就到这里，咱们明天再继续吧。 —OK. 好的。 It won't go on beyond midnight. 这事不会延续到午夜以后。 辨析：go on with sth., go on doing sth.和go on to do sth. 短语 意思 用法 go on with sth. 继续做某事 尤指停顿或中断后接着做某事，with后接名词或代词。 go on doing sth. 一直做某事；继续做某事 指一直不间断地做同一件事或短暂停顿后接着做同一件事。 go on to do sth. 继续做某事 指完成一件事后接着做另一件事。 E.g. I went on with my homework after dinner. 晚饭之后我接着做作业。 They went on talking all night. 他们整晚都在交谈。 He gave a report and went on to answer questions of the listeners. 他做了汇报，接着又回答了听众的提问。 【即时练习】Let’s go on with our conversation. (改为同义句) Let’s __________ our conversation. Exploring the Topic Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies 1. The first electronic computer came into being in 1946 in America. 第一台电子计算机于1946年在美国诞生。 (教材P61 Activity1） come into being意为“形成；产生”。 E.g. —The earth came into being billions of years ago. 地球形成于几十亿年前。 —That's correct. 没错。 【即时练习】 The first electronic computer __________ (come) into being in 1946. 2. It covered an area of nearly 170 square meters and weighed almost 50 tons.它占地面积近170平方米，重量约50吨。 (教材P61 Activity1） weigh, 动词，意为“有……重；重达”。 E.g. —How much does she weigh? 她体重是多少? (=What's her weight?/How heavy is she?) —She weighs 50 kilograms. 她重50千克。 链接：weight, 名词，意为“重量；分量”。 常用短语：put on/gain weight 增肥 lose weight减肥 E.g. —What's your weight? 你体重是多少? —My weight is 50 kilograms. 我的体重是50千克。 The doctor asked me to put on/gain weight yesterday. 昨天医生让我增肥。 She wants to lose weight by eating less and doing more exercise. 她想靠少吃、多运动来减肥。 【即时练习】—__________ does the girl over there weigh? —Her ________ is 50kg. A. How heavy; weigh B. How many; weight C. How much; weight D. How much; weigh 3. With the development of computer technology, computers became not only smaller and lighter, but also more powerful. 随着计算机技术的发展，计算机不仅变得更小更轻，功能也更强大。 (教材P61 Activity1） 1) with the development of... 意为“随着……的发展”。 E.g. With the development of science and technology, our life becomes more and more convenient. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活越来越方便。 2) powerful, 形容词，意为“强有力的；力量大的”。 E.g. China is a powerful nation. 中国是一个强大的国家。 拓展：① powerful还可意为“有权势的；有影响力的；(人或动物)强壮的”。 E.g. He is a rich and powerful man. 他是一个有钱有势的人。 I Have a Dream is a powerful speech.《我有一个梦想》是一篇有影响力的演讲。 Teenagers should have powerful bodies. 青少年应当拥有强壮的体魄。 ② powerful的相关单词 power, 名词，意为“权利；政权；能量；电力”。 power, 动词，意为“驱动，推动(机器或车辆)前进”。 powered, 形容词，意为“电动的；由……驱动的”。 powerfully, 副词，意为“有力地；有影响力地”。 E.g. Wind power is a green energy. 风能是一种清洁能源。 My grandpa bought a powered wheelchair yesterday. 我爷爷昨天买了一辆电动轮椅。 The machine is powered by battery. 这台机器靠电池驱动。 This is a powerfully exciting song. 这是一首十分激动人心的歌。 【即时练习】1) 随着人工智能的发展，中国的机器人变得越来越智能。 __________ ________ ____________ ________ AI, Chinese robots are becoming more and more intelligent. 2) Sun Wukong is a __________ (power) hero with great magic power. 4. In the 1980s, the first personal computer (PC) appeared. 在20世纪80年代，第一台个人电脑(PC)出现了。 (教材P61 Activity 2） “in the 1980s”, 意为“在20世纪80年代”。“in the+整数年份+s”, 意为“……世纪……年代”。 E.g. His father was born in the 1970s. 他爸爸出生于20世纪70年代。 拓展：“世纪/年代”的表述方式： the+序数词+century 第……世纪 the+early/mid/late+序数词+century ……世纪早/中/晚期 注意：世纪数比年份的前两位数字大1。 19世纪(1800—1899) the 19th century 21世纪(2000—2099) the 21st century E.g. Shakespeare lived in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. 莎士比亚生活在16世纪晚期和17世纪初期。 【即时练习】Great changes took place in China __________. A. in the 1980s B. in the 1980 C. in 1980s D. on the 1980 5. People could place it on their laps and carry it in a small bag. 人们可以把它放在大腿上，也能装在一个小包里随身携带。 (教材P61 Activity 2） place, 动词，意为“(尤指小心或有意)放置，安放”。 E.g. He placed his hand on his father's shoulder just now. 他刚刚把手搭在他爸爸的肩上。 链接：place还可作名词，意为“地点；位置；(比赛优胜者的)名次”。 E.g. School is a good pace to learn. 学校是学习的好地方。 —Would you like to change places with me, Mingming? 明明你想和我换位置吗? —Sure, I'd love to. 当然，我愿意。 —He won first place in the running race. 他在跑步比赛中得了第一名。 —That's good news. 真是个好消息。 【即时练习】—Mingming won the first __________ in the English speech contest. —Congratulations! A. place B. places C. placing D. to place Theme Reading 1. As more people use the internet, risks also increase. 随着使用互联网的人越来越多，风险也在增加。 (教材P62 Activity 2） risk, 名词，意为“风险；危险”。 E.g. —You should think about the risk of doing this. 你应当考虑这样做的风险。 —Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。 拓展：① risk作名词时的相关短语 the risk of (doing) sth. 意为“做某事的风险”。 at risk意为“有危险；冒风险”。 do sth. at your own risk 意为“自担风险；责任自负”。 take the risk of doing sth. 意为“冒险做某事”。 E.g. He has the higher risk of developing heart disease if he doesn't give up smoking. 如果他不戒烟，他患心脏病的风险更大。 That means putting other children at risk. 那意味着让其他孩子有危险。 You can use it, but it's at your own risk. 你可以用它，但责任自负。 I can't take the risk of leaving him at home alone. 我不能冒险留他一人在家。 ② risk还可作动词，意为“使冒(失去、损坏或伤害的)的风险”。 E.g. He risked his life to save the boy yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午，他冒着生命危险去救那个男孩。 常用短语： risk doing sth. 担.....风险；冒......的危险 risk sth. for sth. 为……冒·……的险 risk sth. doing/to do sth. 冒着……的危险去做某事 risk sth. on sth. 冒着……的危险去做某事 E.g. The girl risked falling down from the tree to reach the kite. 女孩冒着从树上掉下来的危险去够风筝。 They were willing to risk everything for freedom. 为了自由，他们愿冒一切风险。 Jack risked his life helping others. = Jack risked his life to help others. 杰克冒着生命危险去帮助其他人。 The man risked all his money on a game of cards. 他冒险把所有钱压在一场纸牌游戏上。 【即时练习】A vulnerable species risks __________ out in the wild. A. die B. to die C. dying D. died 2. Do not share your password, address, phone number, or ID number with strangers online. 不要在网上与陌生人分享你的密码、地址、电话号码或身份证号。 (教材P62 Activity 2） address, 名词，意为“地址；住址；(互联网等的)地址；演讲”。 E.g. What's your name and address? 你的姓名和地址? Our school has a new website address. 我们学校有一个新网址。 There will be a presidential address tonight. 今晚将有总统讲话。 拓展：address还可作动词，意思如下： address: 设法解决；处理；对付/写(收信人)姓名地址；致函/演讲；演说/称呼(某人);冠以(某种称呼) E.g. Your way can't address the problem. 你的方法解决不了这个问题。 Remember to address the envelope. 记得在信封上写地址。 The chairman will address the nation tonight. 今晚主席将向全国发表讲话。 He liked to be addressed by “Dr. Li”. 他喜欢别人称呼他“李博士”。 【即时练习】永远不要告诉陌生人你的个人信息，比如你的地址或电话号码。 Never tell strangers your personal information like your __________ or phone number. 3. Double-check a link before you click it. 点击链接前务必反复确认。 (教材P62 Activity 2） click, 动词，意为“(用鼠标或在触板上)点击，单击；(使)发出咔哒声”。 E.g. Click here to get more information about us. 点击此处了解关于我们的更多信息。 Click the OK button to start. 点击OK按钮启动。 He clicked a finger at the waiter. 他冲服务员打了个响指。 拓展：click的相关单词 click, 名词，意为“(对计算机鼠标或触摸板的) 点击，单击；咔哒(或咔嚓)声”。→ clicker,名词，意为“遥控器”。→ click-through, 名词，意为“尤指对商业网站链接的点击进入、点阅；(网页上指向另一个网站，尤其是商业网站的)链接”。→ clickable, 形容词，意为“(文本或图像)可点击的”。 clicker https:/wwwexample.com click-through E.g. The door closed with a click. 门咔哒一声关上了。 Please pass me the clicker. 请把遥控器递给我。 The number of the click-throughs to the site has increased. 这个网站的点击量增加了。 The pictures are clickable. 这些图片是可以点击的。 【即时练习】You can click the icon __________ the screen to open the app. A. on B. in C. at D. with 4. If it happens again and again, report it to a teacher or talk to your parents. 如果这种情况一次又一次地发生，告诉老师或报告父母。 (教材P63 Activity 2） report sth. to sb. 意为“向某人汇报某事”。此时report在这里作动词，意为“汇报；报告；通报”。 E.g. Please report your work to me. 把你的工作向我汇报一下。 拓展：report的相关短语 be reported to be/do sth. 据报道是某事物/做某事 It is/was reported that 据报道；据说 E.g. The stolen car was reported to be found this morming. 据报道被盗的小汽车是今天上午找到的。 It is reported that a car accident happened near here. 据报道一起车祸发生在附近。 链接：report的其他词性及相关单词 report, 名词，意为“报道；汇报；调查报告；报告；成绩报告单；传闻”。→ reporter, 名词，意为“记者；通讯员”。→ reporting,名词，意为“新闻报道”。 E.g. Make a report after discussion. 讨论之后做个报告。 He wants to be a reporter when he grows up. 他长大后想成为一名记者。 We can find out the reporting online. 我们可以在网上查找这则新闻报道。 【即时练习】As a news ____________ (report), it’s my duty to tell the truth to the public. 5. Don't reply to dad messages from someone. 不要回复他人发来的不良信息。 (教材P63 Activity 4） reply, 动词，意为“答复；回答”。 reply to sb./sth. 意为“答复/回应某人/某事”。 E.g. I asked Lili where she was going, but she didn't reply. 我问丽丽到哪儿去，但她没有回答。 She never replied to any of my letters. 她从不给我回信。 拓展：① reply作动词时的常见用法 reply to sb./sth. with sth. 以……对某人/某物作答复 reply that... 回答说 E.g. He replied to me with a smile. 他只是报我以微笑。 They replied that they would try their best. 他们回答说会尽全力。 ② reply还可作名词，意为“回答；答复”。 E.g. —You'll receive a reply within seven days. 七天内你将收到答复。 —OK. 好的。 辨析：reply和answer 单词 词性 意思 用法 reply 名词、动词 回答；答复 指经过思考、有针对性的回答，也可用于接听电话、回答问题。reply不能直接接宾语，接宾语时需加to。 answer 回答；应答 指对问题的回答，还可以表示接听(电话)或对门铃等声响做出反应。 E.g. I was too busy to reply to your message. 我太忙了不能回你信息。 She never answers the strangers' calls. 她从不接陌生人的电话。 【即时练习】She didn’t reply __________ my letter for two weeks. A. for B. with C. to D. at Grammar in Use 1. E-books are digital books designed for reading on electronic screens. 电子书是专为在电子屏幕上阅读而设计的数字书籍。(教材P64 Activity 1） 1) designed为design的过去分词，此处作定语，与E-books是被动关系。此句中designed for是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰digital books。 E.g. —Basketball invented by Naismith is popular around the world. 奈史密斯发明的篮球在全世界大受欢迎。 —Yes. 是的。 He hid the broken glass under the sofa. 他把那个打破的杯子藏到了沙发下。 2) be designed for意为“被专门设计用于……”。 E.g. This app is designed for learning English. 这个应用程序是为学习英语而设计的。 【即时练习】Yiming __________ a stamp about the changes in the world last year. A. designs B. designed C. is designing D. will design 2. My partner sent me some information, but I found it difficult to open it on my computer. 我的搭档发来了一些信息，但我发现在我的电脑上很难打开。 (教材P65 Activity 1） find+ it+adj.+to do sth.中it是形式宾语，形容词后的 to do sth.是本句真正的宾语。 E.g. I find it easy to work out the math problemin this way. 我发现用这种方法解这道数学题很简单。 拓展：类似用法的动词还有make、think、believe和 feel等。 E.g. The internet and computers made it easier to go shopping. 互联网和电脑使购物更加容易了。 【即时练习】I find __________ hard ________ math problems well. A. it; solve B. it; to solve C. that; to solve 3. Maybe there is something wrong with your computer. 或许你的电脑出故障了。 (教材P65 Activity 1） “There is something wrong with sb./sth.”, 意为“某人/某物有问题。”。 E.g. There was something wrong with my bike this morning. 今天上午，我的自行车出故障了。 【即时练习】There is something wrong with my washing machine.（改为否定句） There __________ __________ wrong with my washing machine. 4. We built a web of our own. 我们建立了自己的网站。(教材P65 Activity 2） of one's own意为“属于某人自己的”, 常在句中作后置定语。此时own在这里作形容词/代词，意为“(用于强调)自己的，本人的”。 E.g. Mr.Li has a house of his own in the community. 李先生在这个小区有一套自己的房子。 注意：own总是用于所有格之后。 拓展：与one's own有关的短语 on one’s own 独自地；单独地 of one’s very own 完全属于自己的(用于强调) sth. to call one’s own 属于自己的.....东西 for one’s own good/safety/benefit 为了某人自己的好处/安全/利益 in one’s own way 以某人自己的方式 E.g. Jack finished the task on his own. 杰克独自完成了这项任务。 I'd like a room of my very own. 我想有一个完全属于自己的房间。 She just wanted a place to call her own. 她只是想要一个她自己的地方。 I'm only telling you this for your own good. 我是为你好才告诉你这些的。 He worked out the problem in his own way. 他用自己的方式解决了这个问题。 【即时练习】—Who taught her French? —Nobody. She learned all __________. A. of her own B. on herself C. by her own D. on her own 5. My computer suddenly doesn't work. 我的电脑突然无法运行了。(教材P65 Activity 3） work, 动词，意为“(机器、装置等)运转；运行”。 E.g. —How does the machine work? 这台机器是怎样运行的? —It works by electricity. 它是用电力驱动。 拓展：work作动词和名词时的相关意思 E.g. He works at a school. (作动词)他在学校工作。 His mother works as a Chinese teacher. 他妈妈是一名语文老师。 We work hard for our dream. 我们为理想而努力。 The medicine worked soon. 不久，药起作用了。 Do you want to go for a walk after work? (作名词)下班后你想去散步吗? I went out with girls from work last night. 昨晚我和工作单位的姑娘们出去了。 The child is showing his work to the class. 这个孩子正在向全班展示他的成果。 Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's greatest works. 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最伟大的作品之一。 The shoe works closed last year. 这家鞋厂去年倒闭了。 【即时练习】—Do you have a __________? —Yes, I ________ at a clothes store. A. work, work B. job, job C. job, work D. work, job Developing the Topic Oral Communication & Reading for Writing 1. She watches online movies about once a week. 她大约每周看一次网络电影。(教材66 Activity 1 B） once a week意为“一周一次”, 表示频率。 E.g. We play soccer once a week in the park. 我们一周在公园踢一次球。 拓展：①表示频率的结构还有twice/threetimes/four times...+a day/week/month/year等。 E.g. Kangkang goes back to his hometown twice a year. 康康一年回老家两次。 ②常用how often对表示频率的词或短语进行提问。 E.g. —How ofen do you get online? 你多久上一次网? —Three times a week. 一周三次。 【即时练习】—__________ do you read English in the morning? —Twice a week. A. How often B. How long C. How much D. How many 2. How do you understand “proper use of the internet”? 你如何理解“正确使用互联网”? (教材P67 Activity 1） proper, 形容词，意为“正确的；恰当的；符合规则的”, 常用于名词前。 E.g. —This is the proper way to run. 这才是跑步的正确方式。 —OK.Thank you. 好的。谢谢。 Everything was in its proper place. 每样东西都放在恰当的位置。 拓展：①proper的其他意思 proper 合适的；合理的；得体的 (用于名词前)真正的；像样的 (用于名词后)严格意义上的；狭义的 (用于名词前)完全的；彻底的 后接to sth. 意为“特有的；独具的；天然享有的”。 E.g. —It's proper to wear the dress to the party. 穿这条裙子去聚会很合适。 —I think so. 我也这样认为。 He is too busy to eat a proper meal. 他忙得都没吃过一顿像样的饭。 —The celebrations proper always begin at 6:00 p.m. 严格意义上的庆祝活动总是在下午6点开始。 —I see. 我知道。 We're in a proper mess now. 我们现在真是一团糟。 Making tools is proper ability to humans. 制作工具是人类独有的能力。 ② proper的相关单词 improper, 形容词，意为“不诚实的；不合适的；错误的”。 properly, 副词，意为“正确地；适当地”。 E.g. It's improper for you to appear here at this time. 你这个时候出现在这里不合适。 —Make sure the letter is properly addressed. 务必正确书写信上的地址。 —OK. 好的。 【即时练习】The proper __________ of your time will make your life better. A. use B. shape C. colour D. card 3. What's more, Feiyang is amazed by lots of useful information on the internet. 此外，飞阳对互联网上大量有用的信息感到惊奇。(教材P67 Activity 2） amazed, 形容词，意为“大为惊奇”。 be amazed by sth. 意为“因某事感到惊奇”, 可与be amazed at sth.互换。 E.g. I am amazed you've never heard this song. 我很惊讶，你竟然从未听过这首歌。 We are amazed at/by the number of people who came. 居然来了那么多人，我们都很惊讶。 拓展：①amazed的相关用法 be amazed to find/discover/see 因发现/看到……感到惊奇 be amazed+宾语从句 因…感到惊奇 E.g. I am amazed to find no one was hurt. 我惊奇地发现竟然没人受伤。 He is amazed how clever his son is. 他的儿子如此聪明，这让他很惊诧。 ② amazed的相关单词 amaze, 动词，意为“使惊奇；使惊诧；使惊愕”。 amazing, 形容词，意为“令人大为惊奇的；(尤指)令人惊喜的”。 (注意：amazed感到惊奇的(修饰人); amazing令人惊奇的(修饰物)。) amazement, 名词，意为“惊奇；惊诧；惊愕”。 E.g. It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time. 在这个时候他还能如此冷静，真让我吃惊。 This is such an amazing story. 这是一个多么令人惊喜的故事。 To my amazement, he remembered me. 令我大为惊奇的是，他还记得我。 【即时练习】The __________ tour around the world online made all of us feel ________. A. amazed; amazing B. amazing; amazed C. amazing; amazing D. amazed; amazed 4. He reads news on the internet and learns about the lastest developments in science and technology. 他在网上看新闻，并了解科学技术的最新发展。 (教材P67 Activity 2） latest, 形容词，意为“最新的；最近的”, 仅用于名词前作定语。 E.g. —Do you have any latest news about John? 你有关于约翰的最新消息吗? —No, I don't. 不，我没有。 拓展：latest的其他意思及相关用法 latest late的最高级，意为“最晚的”。 the latest意为“最新事物；最新消息”。 at the latest意为“最晚；最迟；至迟”。 E.g. Tom was the latest student to get to school. 汤姆是最晚到校的学生。 Have you heard the latest? 你听到最新消息了吗? —You must hand in your paper next Monday at the latest. 你的论文最迟星期一交。 —I see. 我明白。 【即时练习】他最新的应用程序让世界各地的人们找到学习意大利语的伙伴。 His __________ __________ allows people around the world to find study partners for learning Italian. 5. He makes some new friends on the internet and connects with students around the world. 他在网上交了一些新朋友，并与世界各地的学生建立联系。(教材P67 Activity 2） connect with sb. 意为“与某人建立良好关系，沟通”。 E. g. They connect with each other by email. 他们通过电子邮件联系彼此。 拓展：① connect with...的其他意思 connect with... 与…连接/(火车；航班等)转接，衔接/与……(融洽地)沟通，相处 E.g. His workshop connects with his house. 他的工作室和他的住处连在一起。 This train connects with the one to Kunming. 这班火车与去昆明的那班衔接。 She is good at connecting with others. 她擅长与他人沟通。 ② connect.…with... 意为“把……和……连接；把………和……联系”。 E.g. The road connects the village with the city. 这条路把这个村庄和城市连接起来。 You should connect knowledge with practice. 你应当把知识和实践联系起来。 【即时练习】这项运动既是一种锻炼，也是人们和他人交流的一种方式。 The game serves as exercise and as a way for people to __________ __________ others. Wrapping Up the Topic Project & Review 1. Learn experts' experience in growing fruit products. 学习专家种植水果产品的经验。 (教材P69 Activity 1） expert, 名词，意为“专家；行家；能手”。 E.g. We invited an expert to give a speechlast week. 上周我们邀请了一位专家来做讲座。 拓展：① expert作名词时的相关用法 expert at/in/on (doing) sth. (某方面)的专家 E.g. He is an expert at family law. 他是家庭法律方面的专家。 ② expert的相关词性及单词 expert, 形容词，意为“内行的；专家的”。 expertly, 副词，意为“熟练地；巧妙地”。 E.g. Thank you for the expert advice on the field. 感谢你给了我们一些这个领域方面的专家意见。 The roads were icy, but he stopped the car expertly. 道路结了冰，但他仍熟练地把车停了下来。 【即时练习】这几位先生是来自北京的专家。 These gentlemen are __________ from Beijing. 2. More and more people will use e-money instead of cash. 越来越多的人将使用电子货币来代替现金。(教材P70 Activity 1） instead of意为“代替；作为……的替换”, 后面一般接名词(短语)、代词、动名词或介词短语。 E.g. I ate some bread instead of rice. (后接名词) 我没有吃米饭，而是吃了一些面包。 My brother will do housework instead of me. (后接代词) 我弟弟将代替我做家务。 She decided to see a movie instead of watching TV. (后接动名词) 她决定去看场电影而不是看电视。 We had dinner in a restaurant instead of at home. (后接介词短语) 我们没在家吃饭，而是在饭店里吃的。 辨析：instead of和instead 单词/短语 词性 意思 用法 instead of 介词短语 代替； 作为……的替换 常用于句中，后跟名词(短语)、代词、动名词或介词短语。 instead 副词 代替；顶替；反而；却 可位于句首或者句末。位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的内容隔开。 E.g. —I can visit Miss Wang instead of you. 我可以代替你们去看王老师。 —OK. 好的。 If you don't have time to visit MissWang, I can do it instead. 如果你们没时间去看王老师，我可以代替你们去。 【即时练习】1）They are going to play soccer together instead of __________ homework after school. A. do B. doing C. did 2）—I’m too busy __________ to my parents often. —Why not call them ________? A. writing; instead B. to write; instead C. written; instead of 3. Judge their words carefully when communicating with others. 与他人沟通时需谨慎判断他们的言辞。 (教材P70 Activity 2） judge, 动词，意为“判断；断定；评价”。 E.g. You can't judge a person by looks. 你不能以貌取人。 拓展：① judge作动词时的相关用法 judge sb./sth. on sth. 依据……来判断…… judge sb./sth. to be/do sth. 认为某人/某物…是/要做… judge sb./sth.+adj./n. 认为某人/某物是… It is judged that… 据估计… judging by/from sth. 依据……来判断 E.g. Schools shouldn't be judged only on exam results. 学校的好坏不应当只凭考试成绩来评判。 The concert was judged to be a great success. 这场音乐会被认为大获成功。 They judged it wise to say nothing. 他们认为不说为妙。 It is judged that the risk was great. 据估计风险太大。 Don't judge a book by its cover. 勿以貌取人。 Judging from what he said, he will come. 依据他所说的，他会来的。 ② judge还可作名词，意为“法官；审判员；裁判员；鉴定人”。 E.g. His father works as a judge. 他爸爸是个法官。 ③ judgement, 名词，意为“判断力；看法；判断；报应”。 E.g. In my judgement, we should accept his offer. 依我看，我们应该接受他的报价。 【即时练习】1) 不要以貌取人。 You don’t __________ a book by its cover(封皮). 2) She advised us ______________ (not judge) other cultures by our own standards. 4. When the computer asks you whether to save your password, click “No”. 当电脑提示是否保存密码时，点击“否”。(教材P71 Activity 4） whether to do sth. 意为“是否要做某事”, 此时whether不能用if替换。 E.g. I don't know whether to go or not. 我不知道该不该去。 拓展：“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法： 动词不定式可和疑问词who、what、which、when、how、where等连用构成不定式短语，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。 E.g. Where to go is up to you. (作主语) 去哪儿由你来决定。 I don't know how to do it. (作宾语) 我不知道该怎样做。 The question is who to do it. (作表语) 问题是谁来做这件事。 【即时练习】We don’t know __________ it next. Let’s go and ask Mr. Li. A. what to do B.to do what C. whether to do D. to do whether 5. If you happen to do it by mistake, cancel it at once. 若不小心误操作，马上取消。 (教材P71 Activity 4） 1) happen to do sth. 意为“碰巧做某事”。 E.g. I happened to meet my Chinese teacher in the supermarket. 我碰巧在超市遇到了我的语文老师。 拓展：It happens that... 意为“碰巧”, it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，可与sb. happen to do sth.互换。 E.g. It happened that I met my math teacher in the supermarket. = I happened to meet my math teacher in the supermarket. 我碰巧在超市遇到了我的数学老师。 2) by mistake 意为“错误地；无意中”。 E.g. I’m sorry I took your umbrella by mistake. 对不起，我错拿了你的伞。 链接：make mistakes意为“犯错”。 E.g. No one is perfect. Everyone may make mistakes. 人无完人。每个人都会犯错。 3) cancel, 动词，意为“取消；撤销；终止”。 E.g. It is raining so hard. We have to cancel our picnic plan. 雨下得太大，我们不得不取消野餐计划。 拓展：cancel的过去式和过去分词是canceled/cancelled; 现在分词为canceling/cancelling。 E.g. All flights were canceled/cancelled because of bad weather. 由于恶劣的天气，所有航班都被取消了。 【即时练习】1) I __________ to see my primary school teacher on my way to the library yesterday. We hadn't seen each other for five years. A. happened B. missed C. wanted D. forgot 2) This stops me from floating around and hitting something __________ mistake. A. by B. in C. on D. at 3) The sports meeting __________ because of the rain yesterday. A. cancels B. is canceled C. canceled D. was canceled 6. Do not mention or leave any personal information on a public computer. 不要在公用电脑上提到或留下任何个人信息。(教材P71 Activity 4） mention, 动词，意为“提到；写到；说到”。 E.g. Some of the problems were mentioned in his report. 其中的一些问题在他的报告里提到了。 拓展：mention的相关用法 mention sth./sb. to sb. 向某人提到某事/某物/某人 Don't mention it. (别人道谢时回答)不客气。 I mentioned this idea to Jane and she liked it. 我向简提到了这个想法，她很喜欢它。 —Thank you for helping me. 感谢你的帮助。 —Don't mention it. 不客气。 【即时练习】— It is nice of you to share so many amazing photos of the Palace Museum with me. — __________. I do hope to help you with your project. A. Exactly B. Don’t mention it C. That’s all right D. That’s not the case 7. So, keep an eye on those around you, and keep a safe distance from them.所以，留意你周围的人，并与他们保持安全距离。(教材P71 Activity 4） keep an eye on sb./sth. 意为“留意/留神某人/某物”。 E.g. —Can you keep an eye on my bag when I go to the restroom? 当我去洗手间时，你能帮我看一下我的包吗? —OK. 好的。 拓展：keep an eye on sb./sth. 还可意为“照看/照料某人/某物”。 E.g. Mary will keep an eye on the kids tonight. 今晚玛丽将会照看这些孩子。 【即时练习】Please keep an eye on the baby while I’m away. ( ) A. watch B. notice C. look after D. look at 8. When you have to step away from the computer for a moment, make sure to close all the windows on the screen. 当你不得不离开电脑一会儿时，确保关闭屏幕上所有的窗口。(教材P71 Activity 4） for a moment意为“一会儿；片刻”。 E.g. —Please wait for a moment. 请稍等片刻。 —OK. 好的。 拓展：moment的相关短语 a moment ago刚刚 at the last moment 在最后一刻 at the moment 此时，目前，眼下 at this very moment = at this momentin time 此时此刻 at this/that moment就在这/那时候 from that moment on从那以后 in a moment马上；很快 E.g. He was here a moment ago. 他刚刚还在这里。 The plan was canceled at the last moment. 这个计划在最后一刻取消了。 Jack is on holiday at the moment. 此刻杰克正在度假。 She may be in trouble at this very moment/at this moment in time. 此时此刻，她可能遇到了麻烦。 Just at that moment, there was a knock on the door. 就在那时，有人敲门。 From that moment on, we were the best friends. 从那以后，我们就成了最好的朋友。 I'll be back in a moment. 我马上回来。 【即时练习】When hearing the fire warning, we have to leave our home __________. A. for a minute B. after a while C. in a momen 单元语法 前缀tele-和e- 在英语单词中，前缀加在某个词前，可以改变、限制或加强该词的意思，了解前缀能帮我们快速理解词义。本单元主要学习两个和科技有关的前缀：tele-和e-。 1）前缀tele- （1）含义 前缀tele-源自希腊语“tele”，表示“远程的，远距离的”。常加在名词或动词前，表示“远距离；遥控；电视；电信；电传”，构成的派生词也多与技术、通信、感知等相关。 （2） 和前缀tele-相关的派生词 词根 派生词 vision 视力 television 电视 control控制 tele-control 遥控 medicine药 telemedicine远程医疗 learning学习 tele-learning远程学习 communication交流 telecommunication (简写为telecom)电信 conference会议 teleconference远程会议 scope范围 telescope望远镜 commute通勤 telecommute远程办公 camera相机 telecamera电子摄影机，远距离摄影机 graph图表，曲线图 telegraph电报 printer打印机(尤指与计算机相连的) teleprinter电传打字机 2) 前缀e- (1)含义 e-是electronic的缩写，表示“电子的；数字化的；在线的；通过互联网的”, 通常加在名词前，构成的派生词多与互联网、数字技术相关。 (2)和前缀e-相关的派生词 词根 派生词 mail邮件 email电子邮件 book书籍 e-book电子书 learning学习 e-learning在线学习 banking银行业 e-banking电子银行 government政府 e-government电子政务 card卡片 e-card电子贺卡 schoolbag书包 e-schoolbag电子书包 bike自行车 e-bike电动车 library图书馆 e-library电子图书馆 marketing市场营销 e-maketing电子商务 money钱 e-money电子货币 news新闻 e-mews电子新闻 1) 总结前缀tele-和e-的用法 前缀 tele- e- 意思 远程的；远距离的 电子化的；在线的 词性 名词、动词 名词、形容词 应用场景 通信、感知、物理距离的跨越 互联网、数字技术 时代关联 工业时代至今 数字时代 基本句型 1) 概念 简单句是英语句子的基础，由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成，表达一个完整的意思。英语简单句可分为六种基本结构。 2) 简单句的六种基本结构 结构 示例 六种 基本 结构 ①主语+不及物动词(S+Vi) The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ②主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) He is a student. 他是一名学生。 ③主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt+O) He reads books. 他读书。 ④主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt+IO+DO) She gave mea book. 她给了我一本书。 ⑤主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+Vt+O+C) They elected him president. 他们选他当主席。 ⑥There be+语+状语(There+be+S+Adv) There is a book on the table. 桌上有一本书。 3) 用法 (1)主语+谓语(S+V) 概念：句子由主语和谓语构成，谓语一般是不及物动词，表示主语的动作或状态。 E.g. We can learn together. 我们可以一起学习。 (2)主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) 概念：系动词连接主语和表语。表语说明主语的身份、特征、状态等。 表语一般由形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、分词或表语从句充当。 E.g. The game was wonderful. 比赛很精彩。 The roast duck smells delicious. 烤鸭闻起来很美味。 He became a scientist at last. 最后他成了一名科学家。 You must keep quiet in the library. 在图书馆你必须保持安静。 归纳：常见的系动词有： ① be动词：am、is、are、was、were; ② 表示变化的动词：become、get、grow、turn、go; ③ 表示保持某种状态的动词：keep、stay、remain等； ④ 感官动词：feel、sound、smell、taste、look。 系动词记忆口诀： 一是(be)五变(become、get、grow、turm、go)三保持(keep、stay、remain); 似乎(seem)起来(look、sound、smell、taste、feel)五感真奇妙，系动词，不做实，连主表，记心上。 （3）主语+谓语+宾语（S+Vt+O） 概念：谓语动词是及物动词，后面接宾语。宾语是动作的对象，一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等充当。 E.g. I like English.（名词作宾语）我喜欢英语。 They remember me.（代词作宾语）他们记得我。 Don't forget to take your umbrelia.（不定式作宾语）不要忘记带伞。 We enjoy doing sports.（动名词作宾语）我们喜欢做运动。 I think（that）you're right.（从句作宾语）我认为你是对的。 (4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) 概念：谓语动词后接两个宾语，间接宾语一般指人，直接宾语一般指物。通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后，也可交换位置。但当直接宾语在前时，间接宾语前要加介词to(表示动作方向)或for(表示动作目的)。 E.g. Our teacher showed us some beautiful pictures. = Our teacher showed some beautiful pictures to us. 我们的老师向我们展示了一些漂亮的图片。 My mother cooks me a cake. = My mother cooks a cake for me. 妈妈为我做了一个蛋糕。 注意：常见的跟双宾语的动词：show、bring、pass、lend、borrow、send、make、buy、get、give等。 E.g. Please pass the ball to me. = Please pass me the ball. 请把球传递给我。 (5) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) 概念：在及物动词后，宾语意义不完整，需要宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的身份、特征、状态或动作等。宾语补足语一般是名词、形容词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语等。 E.g. We call her Lingling. (名词作宾补)我们叫她玲玲。 Doing exercise makes us very happy. (形容词作宾补)运动让我们很快乐。 I will not let you in. (副词作宾补)我不会让你进去的。 I noticed him looking sad. (分词作宾补)我注意到他看起来很悲伤。 His mother forces him to drink milk everyday. (不定式作宾补)他妈妈强迫他每天喝牛奶。 注意：find、think、believe、expect等词接不定式作宾语时常用it作形式宾语，不定式置于宾语补足语后。 E.g. I find it easy to learn English. 我发现学英语很容易。 (6) There be句型 结构：There+be动词+主语+地点/时间状语。 特点：表示“某地/某时存在某物/某人”, be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。 E.g. There is a cat on the chair. 椅子上有一只猫。 There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有很多学生。 语法知识点小测： 一、单词拼写。 1．People could put the desktop computer on the t________ (顶部) of a desk. 2．We are ________ (amaze) at the development of technology. 3．The Internet ________ (connect) the world together. 4．We can ________ (communication) with each other by WeChat. 5．The fire ________ (burn) the forest last month. 6．The wind ________ (blow) strongly last night. 7．We should know the rules of ________ (safe) when an earthquake happens. 8．It’s raining ________ (sudden). We have to stay at home. 9．________ (not share) your password with strangers. 10．I find it easy ________ (learn) new skills online. 二、完成句子。 1．看太多电视对我们有害。(harm) Watching too much TV is ________ to us. 2．你应该正确地回答这个问题。(correct) You should answer the question ________. 3．这个消息真令人惊奇。 The news is really ________. 4．你确切地知道他什么时候来吗？ Do you know ________ when he will come? 5．我们必须学会保护自己远离危险。 We must learn to ________ ourselves _______ danger. 6．昨天一场突然的大雨袭击了这个城市。 A ________ heavy rain _________ the city yesterday. 7．他从不向别人提及自己的烦恼。 He never ________ his worries ________ others. 8．请设置一个高强度密码保护你的账户。 Please set a strong ________ to protect your ________. 9．他能找到许多问题的答案。   He can find __________ to many of his __________. 10．人们可以在互联网上看到彼此并进行面对面的交流。 People can see each other and talk ________ ________ ________ on the Internet. 三、单项选择（词汇辨析）。 ( ) 1．E-books are designed ________ reading on electronic screens. A．for B．in C．at ( ) 2．We must be ________ when we get online. A．care B．careful C．carefully ( ) 3．The Internet makes our lives much ________. A．easy B．easier C．easiest ( ) 4．Don’t share your password ________ strangers online. A．with B．to C．for ( ) 5．Feiyang is amazed ______ lots of useful information on the internet. A．at B．by C．with ( ) 6．He didn’t ________ my message, so I felt a little upset. A．click B．reply to C．cancel D．mention ( ) 7．If you click a bad link, your computer may get a ________. A．virus B．collection C．partner D．product ( ) 8．A good friend is like a mirror. A．主语 B．状语 C．表语 D．谓语 ( ) 9．The joke made us laugh. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．宾补 ( ) 10．He can find answers ______ many of his questions. A．of B．to C．for ( ) 11．—As a _________ of your own city, you should help protect the environment. —You’re right. I’ll start from small things. A．citizen B．stranger C．villager D．guest ( ) 12．With the ________ of technology, computers become smaller. A．develop B．developing C．development ( ) 13．It’s not good for students to spend ________ time on the Internet. A．too many B．too much C．much too ( ) 14．If you get bad messages, you shouldn’t ________ to them. A．reply B．write C．read ( ) 15．—________ do you use the Internet? —Every day. A．How often B．How long C．How much 四、完形填空 What will happen if a family goes without the internet for a month? An American family decided to 1 .  They sent an invitation (邀请) to a TV station, and asked the workers to 2 their daily life without the internet for a month. When the workers met the Smiths, they found that Mr. Smith, Mrs. Smith and their two kids were so 3 about the internet that they hardly did things together. At mealtimes, everybody 4 at the dining table for their food. “Everyone just runs into the kitchen, takes their food and then goes back to their 5 ,” Mrs. Smith explained. “If we don’t make a change, our family will become 6 to each other!” Getting back to a life without the internet is not 7 , especially when the Smiths lose themselves in it.  They have to make many changes.  For example, the two kids have to go to the school library to 8 books for their scientific projects. Mr. and Mrs. Smith need to go out shopping 9 they cannot buy things online.  As the family 10 picked up the new lifestyle, they found that they could spend more time talking over meals, playing sports and doing all kinds of activities together. ( ) 1．A．find out B．get up C．come back ( ) 2．A．change B．record C．perform ( ) 3．A．afraid B．famous C．crazy ( ) 4．A．sat B．lay C．stood ( ) 5．A．books B．screens C．bills ( ) 6．A．friends B．strangers C．classmates ( ) 7．A．sad B．difficult C．easy ( ) 8．A．borrow B．write C．steal ( ) 9．A．but B．because C．whether ( ) 10．A．suddenly B．luckily C．finally 五、短文填空 Over the past twenty years, artificial intelligence (AI) 1 (become) an important part of our daily lives. We have gained a wealth of 2 (skill) in solving daily problems with AI these days. For example, online travel has helped develop 3 (tour) a lot. Besides, AI robots are also used in hospitals to take care of patients who have been in hospital 4 a week, which makes doctors’ work much more efficient. What’s more, many students are learning how 5 (choose) proper AI tools to improve their listening skills. These tools can help them practice pronunciation and correct mistakes, which has saved much time since they 6 (start) using AI. 7 AI is very useful, we shouldn’t depend on it too much. We need to seriously think about 8 we can use the technology properly or not so that we won’t be controlled by it. Remember, technology is just 9 tool, and the key is to use it 10 (wise) so that we can live a better and smarter life. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新仁爱八下 Unit10 World in the Cloud单元知识梳理（背诵+讲解版） Preparing for the Topic Listening & Speaking 1. You can find whatever you want and you can do it much faster than usual. 你可以找到任何你想要的东西，并且比平时快得多。 (教材P56 Activity 1 B） whatever, 限定词/连接代词，意为“一切事物；无论什么,不管什么”, 引导名词性从句。 E.g. —Do whatever you can to make your dream come true. (引导宾语从句)尽你所能去实现你的梦想。 —OK. 好的。 Whatever you see is true.(引导主语从句) 你看到的一切都是真的。 拓展： whatever还可引导让步状语从句，此时与no matter what同义。 E.g. Whatever you do, I'll support you. = No matter what you do, I'll support you. 无论你做什么, 我都支持你。 归纳：与whatever有相同用法的连接代词或连接副词如下： whoever 无论谁；不管什么人 whichever 无论哪个；无论哪些 whenever 无论何时；在任何……的情况下 wherever 处处；在任何地方 however 无论如何；然而 E.g. I don't want to see them, whoever they are. 无论他们是谁，我都不想见。 You can choose whichever book I have. 只要我有的书，你都可以选。 Whenever you are in trouble, you can turn to me. 无论你什么时候遇到困难，你都可以向我求助。 However hard the math problems are, he can work them out. 无论数学题有多难，他都能算出来。 【即时练习】—I hope you can visit me ____A____ you are. —Of course! I’ll always be there for you. A. wherever B. whenever C. however D. whatever 2. You can open an account, check balance and do other banking business online. 你可以在网上开户、查询余额和办理其他银行业务。 (教材P56 Activity 1 B） account, 名词，意为“账户”。 E.g. I want to open an account at this bank. 我想在这家银行开个账户。 拓展： account的其他意思 account (互联网、电子邮件、社交媒体等)账户，账号/描述；叙述；报告/账目 E.g. I have applied for an email account. 我已经申请了一个电子邮件账户。 —Can you give us an account of what happened? 你能给我们讲述一下事发经过吗? —Sure. 当然。 His boss checks the account of the company every month. 他的老板每月都会查看公司账目。 【即时练习】我们应该使用强密码来保护我们的账户安全。 We should use strong passwords to keep our accounts safe. 3. People can see each other and talk face to face on the internet. 人们可以在互联网上看到彼此并面对面交谈。 (教材P56 Activity 1 B） 1) face to face意为“面对面”。 E.g. You two have never met face to face before. 你们两个以前从未见过面。 拓展：face to face的其他用法 face to face with sb.和某人面对面 face to face with sth. 面对某种处境 E.g. You'd better discuss the problem face to face with your teacher. 你最好和你的老师面对面地讨论这个问题。 Finally, he came face to face with the cultural differences. 最后，他不得不面对文化差异。 2) on the internet意为“在互联网上；通过互联网”, 可与over the internet互换。 E.g. He often goes shopping on the internet. 他经常在互联网上购物。 【即时练习】今天许多人通过短信和社交媒体交流，而不是面对面。 Many people today communicate by text messages and social media rather than face to face. Function 1. —Li Xiang, what's the problem? 李想，怎么了? —Oh! I hate it when my internet connection is not working. 哦! 网络断线了，真可恶。 (教材P58 Activity 3） hate, 动词，意为“厌恶；极不喜欢”。 E.g. I hate rainy days. 我讨厌下雨天。 拓展：① hate的常见用法 hate sb./sth. 讨厌某人/某物 hate doing/to do sth. 讨厌做某事 hate it+when+从句 讨厌(某种情况) hate sb./sth doing/to do sth. 讨厌某人/某物做某事 E.g. He hates hamburgers. 他讨厌汉堡。 They hate wasting money. = They hate to waste money. 他们讨厌浪费钱。 He hates it when people spit everywhere. 他讨厌人们随地吐痰。 I hate him saying bad words about others. 我讨厌他说别人坏话。 I’d hate anything to happen to him. 但愿他平安无事。 ② hate的相关词性及单词 hate名词，意为“憎恨；厌恶；仇恨”。→ hateful, 形容词，意为“可恶的；十分讨厌的”。→ hater,名词，意为“(对……的)厌恶者；憎恶者”。 E.g. She was full of hate for the people who kill animals. 她对杀害动物的人充满憎恨。 I won't visit the hateful place next time. 下次我不会再来这个讨厌的地方了。 I'm not a woman hater. I just don't like Jane. 我不讨厌女性，我只是不喜欢简。 【即时练习】I really hate ____C____ at home alone. A. stay B. to have C. staying D. stays 【解析】句意：我真的很讨厌一个人待在家里。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I really hate…at home alone.”可知，固定短语hate doing sth“讨厌做某事”，hate后接动名词表示一般性或习惯性的厌恶；hate to do sth“讨厌去做某事”，hate后接不定式表示具体某次动作；此处表达一般性情感，应用动名词形式。故选C。 2. I was in the middle of a chess game with a friend in Chengdu. 我当时正和成都的一个朋友下象棋。 (教材P40 Activity 3） 1) be in the middle of (doing) sth. 意为“忙于(做)某事”。 E.g. Jack was in the middle of cooking when I called him. 当我给杰克打电话时，他正忙着做饭。 链接：middle的相关短语 in the middle of sth. 在……(时间、空间)中间/中部/中心 in the middle中间；中部；中央；中心 E.g. The chicken isn't cooked in the middle. 这只鸡还没有熟透。 The phone rang in the middle of the night. 半夜里响起了电话铃声。 Don't stand in the middle of the room. 不要站在屋子中央。 2) chess, 名词，意为“国际象棋”。 E.g. I often play chess with my grandfather in my free time. 空闲时我经常和爷爷下国际象棋。 拓展：chess的相关短语及单词 play chess 下国际象棋 chessboard国际象棋棋盘 Chinese chess 中国象棋 chessman国际象棋棋子 【即时练习】There is a lake in the middle ____B____ the park. A. for B. of C. to 3. It's so fast that I can find many pictures in seconds. 它是如此之快，我可以一下子找到许多图片。 (教材P58 Activity 3） in seconds意为“一下子；立刻，马上”, 可与within seconds互换。此时second在这里作名词，意为“片刻；瞬间”。 E.g. I will be back in seconds. 我马上回来。 拓展：second的相关短语 in a second立刻，马上 just a second 一会儿，片刻 E.g. I'll be with you in a second. 我马上就去你那儿。 Just a second, I'll come and help. 稍等片刻，我就来帮忙。 【即时练习】几秒钟时间，燃烧着的平底锅里的火就被扑灭了。 In seconds, the fire in the burning pan was put out. 4. The internet really makes our life easier, but it is not all good. 互联网真的让我们的生活更便捷，但它并非全部都好。 (教材P58 Activity 3） not all意为“并非所有……都……”。表示部分否定，后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。 E.g. Not all boys like sports. 并非所有男孩都喜欢运动。 Not all information is reliable. 并非所有信息都是可靠的。 注意：表示完全否定一般用none，意为“没有一个；没有”。 E.g. None of the students was/were late for class. 没有一个学生迟到。 归纳：not与总括性限定词（如all、both、every等）或副词always连用时，构成部分否定。常见部分否定及对应的完全否定如下： 部分否定 意思 完全否定 意思 not all 并非所有……都…… none 没有一个 not both 并非两个……都…… neither 两者都不 not every 不是每个……都…… nobody/nothing/none 没有人/没有任何东西 not always 并非总是(一直)…… never 从不 E.g. Not both of them are students. 他们两个并非都是学生。 Neither of them is/are students. 他们两个都不是学生。 Not everyone is interested in movies. 并非每一个人都对电影感兴趣。 —Nobody is interested in movies. 没有人对电影感兴趣。 —I don't think so. 我不这么认为。 【即时练习】1) ___D____ students in our class are from the town. Some are from the countryside. A. All B. No C. Every D. Not all 2) Not all students like sports. ( C ) A. All students B. Every student C. Some students D. No students 5. Yes, sometimes people use the internet to do bad things, such as stealing personal information and sending harmful messages. 是的，有时人们用互联网去做坏事，比如窃取个人信息和发送有害文件。 (教材P58 Activity 3） steal, 动词，意为“窃取；偷”。steal的过去式为stole, 过去分词为stolen。 E.g. Someone stole my bike yesterday. 昨天有人偷了我的自行车。 拓展：steal的常用短语 steal sth. from sb./sth. 从……处偷走…… steal out of sp. 从(某地)偷偷地(或悄悄地)移动 steal the show 吸引更多的注意力 steal one's thunder抢了某人的风头(或功劳等) E.g. He stole some food from a supermarket yesterday. 他昨天从超市里偷了一些吃的。 The mother stole out of the bedroom to avoid waking the baby. 为了不吵醒孩子，妈妈悄悄地从房间里出来。 As always, the children stole the show. 和往常一样，最吸引注意力的是孩子。 【即时练习】A stranger _____stole_____(steal) his new bike in the park yesterday. 6. They went on with their online activities while talking about the internet. 他们一边谈论着互联网，一边继续他们的线上活动。 (教材P58 Activity 3） go on with sth. 意为“(尤指停顿或中断之后)继续做某事；接着做某事”。 E.g. —That's enough for now—let's go on with it tomorrow. 现在就到这里，咱们明天再继续吧。 —OK. 好的。 It won't go on beyond midnight. 这事不会延续到午夜以后。 辨析：go on with sth., go on doing sth.和go on to do sth. 短语 意思 用法 go on with sth. 继续做某事 尤指停顿或中断后接着做某事，with后接名词或代词。 go on doing sth. 一直做某事；继续做某事 指一直不间断地做同一件事或短暂停顿后接着做同一件事。 go on to do sth. 继续做某事 指完成一件事后接着做另一件事。 E.g. I went on with my homework after dinner. 晚饭之后我接着做作业。 They went on talking all night. 他们整晚都在交谈。 He gave a report and went on to answer questions of the listeners. 他做了汇报，接着又回答了听众的提问。 【即时练习】Let’s go on with our conversation. (改为同义句) Let’s ____continue____ our conversation. Exploring the Topic Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies 1. The first electronic computer came into being in 1946 in America. 第一台电子计算机于1946年在美国诞生。 (教材P61 Activity1） come into being意为“形成；产生”。 E.g. —The earth came into being billions of years ago. 地球形成于几十亿年前。 —That's correct. 没错。 【即时练习】 The first electronic computer ____came____ (come) into being in 1946. 2. It covered an area of nearly 170 square meters and weighed almost 50 tons.它占地面积近170平方米，重量约50吨。 (教材P61 Activity1） weigh, 动词，意为“有……重；重达”。 E.g. —How much does she weigh? 她体重是多少? (=What's her weight?/How heavy is she?) —She weighs 50 kilograms. 她重50千克。 链接：weight, 名词，意为“重量；分量”。 常用短语：put on/gain weight 增肥 lose weight减肥 E.g. —What's your weight? 你体重是多少? —My weight is 50 kilograms. 我的体重是50千克。 The doctor asked me to put on/gain weight yesterday. 昨天医生让我增肥。 She wants to lose weight by eating less and doing more exercise. 她想靠少吃、多运动来减肥。 【即时练习】—____C____ does the girl over there weigh? —Her ________ is 50kg. A. How heavy; weigh B. How many; weight C. How much; weight D. How much; weigh 3. With the development of computer technology, computers became not only smaller and lighter, but also more powerful. 随着计算机技术的发展，计算机不仅变得更小更轻，功能也更强大。 (教材P61 Activity1） 1) with the development of... 意为“随着……的发展”。 E.g. With the development of science and technology, our life becomes more and more convenient. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活越来越方便。 2) powerful, 形容词，意为“强有力的；力量大的”。 E.g. China is a powerful nation. 中国是一个强大的国家。 拓展：① powerful还可意为“有权势的；有影响力的；(人或动物)强壮的”。 E.g. He is a rich and powerful man. 他是一个有钱有势的人。 I Have a Dream is a powerful speech.《我有一个梦想》是一篇有影响力的演讲。 Teenagers should have powerful bodies. 青少年应当拥有强壮的体魄。 ② powerful的相关单词 power, 名词，意为“权利；政权；能量；电力”。 power, 动词，意为“驱动，推动(机器或车辆)前进”。 powered, 形容词，意为“电动的；由……驱动的”。 powerfully, 副词，意为“有力地；有影响力地”。 E.g. Wind power is a green energy. 风能是一种清洁能源。 My grandpa bought a powered wheelchair yesterday. 我爷爷昨天买了一辆电动轮椅。 The machine is powered by battery. 这台机器靠电池驱动。 This is a powerfully exciting song. 这是一首十分激动人心的歌。 【即时练习】1) 随着人工智能的发展，中国的机器人变得越来越智能。 With the development of AI, Chinese robots are becoming more and more intelligent. 2) Sun Wukong is a ____powerful____ (power) hero with great magic power. 4. In the 1980s, the first personal computer (PC) appeared. 在20世纪80年代，第一台个人电脑(PC)出现了。 (教材P61 Activity 2） “in the 1980s”, 意为“在20世纪80年代”。“in the+整数年份+s”, 意为“……世纪……年代”。 E.g. His father was born in the 1970s. 他爸爸出生于20世纪70年代。 拓展：“世纪/年代”的表述方式： the+序数词+century 第……世纪 the+early/mid/late+序数词+century ……世纪早/中/晚期 注意：世纪数比年份的前两位数字大1。 19世纪(1800—1899) the 19th century 21世纪(2000—2099) the 21st century E.g. Shakespeare lived in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. 莎士比亚生活在16世纪晚期和17世纪初期。 【即时练习】Great changes took place in China ___A___. A. in the 1980s B. in the 1980 C. in 1980s D. on the 1980 5. People could place it on their laps and carry it in a small bag. 人们可以把它放在大腿上，也能装在一个小包里随身携带。 (教材P61 Activity 2） place, 动词，意为“(尤指小心或有意)放置，安放”。 E.g. He placed his hand on his father's shoulder just now. 他刚刚把手搭在他爸爸的肩上。 链接：place还可作名词，意为“地点；位置；(比赛优胜者的)名次”。 E.g. School is a good pace to learn. 学校是学习的好地方。 —Would you like to change places with me, Mingming? 明明你想和我换位置吗? —Sure, I'd love to. 当然，我愿意。 —He won first place in the running race. 他在跑步比赛中得了第一名。 —That's good news. 真是个好消息。 【即时练习】—Mingming won the first ____A___ in the English speech contest. —Congratulations! A. place B. places C. placing D. to place Theme Reading 1. As more people use the internet, risks also increase. 随着使用互联网的人越来越多，风险也在增加。 (教材P62 Activity 2） risk, 名词，意为“风险；危险”。 E.g. —You should think about the risk of doing this. 你应当考虑这样做的风险。 —Thanks, I will. 谢谢，我会的。 拓展：① risk作名词时的相关短语 the risk of (doing) sth. 意为“做某事的风险”。 at risk意为“有危险；冒风险”。 do sth. at your own risk 意为“自担风险；责任自负”。 take the risk of doing sth. 意为“冒险做某事”。 E.g. He has the higher risk of developing heart disease if he doesn't give up smoking. 如果他不戒烟，他患心脏病的风险更大。 That means putting other children at risk. 那意味着让其他孩子有危险。 You can use it, but it's at your own risk. 你可以用它，但责任自负。 I can't take the risk of leaving him at home alone. 我不能冒险留他一人在家。 ② risk还可作动词，意为“使冒(失去、损坏或伤害的)的风险”。 E.g. He risked his life to save the boy yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午，他冒着生命危险去救那个男孩。 常用短语： risk doing sth. 担.....风险；冒......的危险 risk sth. for sth. 为……冒·……的险 risk sth. doing/to do sth. 冒着……的危险去做某事 risk sth. on sth. 冒着……的危险去做某事 E.g. The girl risked falling down from the tree to reach the kite. 女孩冒着从树上掉下来的危险去够风筝。 They were willing to risk everything for freedom. 为了自由，他们愿冒一切风险。 Jack risked his life helping others. = Jack risked his life to help others. 杰克冒着生命危险去帮助其他人。 The man risked all his money on a game of cards. 他冒险把所有钱压在一场纸牌游戏上。 【即时练习】A vulnerable species risks ____C____ out in the wild. A. die B. to die C. dying D. died 2. Do not share your password, address, phone number, or ID number with strangers online. 不要在网上与陌生人分享你的密码、地址、电话号码或身份证号。 (教材P62 Activity 2） address, 名词，意为“地址；住址；(互联网等的)地址；演讲”。 E.g. What's your name and address? 你的姓名和地址? Our school has a new website address. 我们学校有一个新网址。 There will be a presidential address tonight. 今晚将有总统讲话。 拓展：address还可作动词，意思如下： address: 设法解决；处理；对付/写(收信人)姓名地址；致函/演讲；演说/称呼(某人);冠以(某种称呼) E.g. Your way can't address the problem. 你的方法解决不了这个问题。 Remember to address the envelope. 记得在信封上写地址。 The chairman will address the nation tonight. 今晚主席将向全国发表讲话。 He liked to be addressed by “Dr. Li”. 他喜欢别人称呼他“李博士”。 【即时练习】永远不要告诉陌生人你的个人信息，比如你的地址或电话号码。 Never tell strangers your personal information like your address or phone number. 3. Double-check a link before you click it. 点击链接前务必反复确认。 (教材P62 Activity 2） click, 动词，意为“(用鼠标或在触板上)点击，单击；(使)发出咔哒声”。 E.g. Click here to get more information about us. 点击此处了解关于我们的更多信息。 Click the OK button to start. 点击OK按钮启动。 He clicked a finger at the waiter. 他冲服务员打了个响指。 拓展：click的相关单词 click, 名词，意为“(对计算机鼠标或触摸板的) 点击，单击；咔哒(或咔嚓)声”。→ clicker,名词，意为“遥控器”。→ click-through, 名词，意为“尤指对商业网站链接的点击进入、点阅；(网页上指向另一个网站，尤其是商业网站的)链接”。→ clickable, 形容词，意为“(文本或图像)可点击的”。 clicker https:/wwwexample.com click-through E.g. The door closed with a click. 门咔哒一声关上了。 Please pass me the clicker. 请把遥控器递给我。 The number of the click-throughs to the site has increased. 这个网站的点击量增加了。 The pictures are clickable. 这些图片是可以点击的。 【即时练习】You can click the icon ____A____ the screen to open the app. A. on B. in C. at D. with 4. If it happens again and again, report it to a teacher or talk to your parents. 如果这种情况一次又一次地发生，告诉老师或报告父母。 (教材P63 Activity 2） report sth. to sb. 意为“向某人汇报某事”。此时report在这里作动词，意为“汇报；报告；通报”。 E.g. Please report your work to me. 把你的工作向我汇报一下。 拓展：report的相关短语 be reported to be/do sth. 据报道是某事物/做某事 It is/was reported that 据报道；据说 E.g. The stolen car was reported to be found this morming. 据报道被盗的小汽车是今天上午找到的。 It is reported that a car accident happened near here. 据报道一起车祸发生在附近。 链接：report的其他词性及相关单词 report, 名词，意为“报道；汇报；调查报告；报告；成绩报告单；传闻”。→ reporter, 名词，意为“记者；通讯员”。→ reporting,名词，意为“新闻报道”。 E.g. Make a report after discussion. 讨论之后做个报告。 He wants to be a reporter when he grows up. 他长大后想成为一名记者。 We can find out the reporting online. 我们可以在网上查找这则新闻报道。 【即时练习】As a news ____reporter____ (report), it’s my duty to tell the truth to the public. 5. Don't reply to dad messages from someone. 不要回复他人发来的不良信息。 (教材P63 Activity 4） reply, 动词，意为“答复；回答”。 reply to sb./sth. 意为“答复/回应某人/某事”。 E.g. I asked Lili where she was going, but she didn't reply. 我问丽丽到哪儿去，但她没有回答。 She never replied to any of my letters. 她从不给我回信。 拓展：① reply作动词时的常见用法 reply to sb./sth. with sth. 以……对某人/某物作答复 reply that... 回答说 E.g. He replied to me with a smile. 他只是报我以微笑。 They replied that they would try their best. 他们回答说会尽全力。 ② reply还可作名词，意为“回答；答复”。 E.g. —You'll receive a reply within seven days. 七天内你将收到答复。 —OK. 好的。 辨析：reply和answer 单词 词性 意思 用法 reply 名词、动词 回答；答复 指经过思考、有针对性的回答，也可用于接听电话、回答问题。reply不能直接接宾语，接宾语时需加to。 answer 回答；应答 指对问题的回答，还可以表示接听(电话)或对门铃等声响做出反应。 E.g. I was too busy to reply to your message. 我太忙了不能回你信息。 She never answers the strangers' calls. 她从不接陌生人的电话。 【即时练习】She didn’t reply ____C____ my letter for two weeks. A. for B. with C. to D. at Grammar in Use 1. E-books are digital books designed for reading on electronic screens. 电子书是专为在电子屏幕上阅读而设计的数字书籍。(教材P64 Activity 1） 1) designed为design的过去分词，此处作定语，与E-books是被动关系。此句中designed for是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰digital books。 E.g. —Basketball invented by Naismith is popular around the world. 奈史密斯发明的篮球在全世界大受欢迎。 —Yes. 是的。 He hid the broken glass under the sofa. 他把那个打破的杯子藏到了沙发下。 2) be designed for意为“被专门设计用于……”。 E.g. This app is designed for learning English. 这个应用程序是为学习英语而设计的。 【即时练习】Yiming ____B____ a stamp about the changes in the world last year. A. designs B. designed C. is designing D. will design 2. My partner sent me some information, but I found it difficult to open it on my computer. 我的搭档发来了一些信息，但我发现在我的电脑上很难打开。 (教材P65 Activity 1） find+ it+adj.+to do sth.中it是形式宾语，形容词后的 to do sth.是本句真正的宾语。 E.g. I find it easy to work out the math problemin this way. 我发现用这种方法解这道数学题很简单。 拓展：类似用法的动词还有make、think、believe和 feel等。 E.g. The internet and computers made it easier to go shopping. 互联网和电脑使购物更加容易了。 【即时练习】I find ____B____ hard ________ math problems well. A. it; solve B. it; to solve C. that; to solve 3. Maybe there is something wrong with your computer. 或许你的电脑出故障了。 (教材P65 Activity 1） “There is something wrong with sb./sth.”, 意为“某人/某物有问题。”。 E.g. There was something wrong with my bike this morning. 今天上午，我的自行车出故障了。 【即时练习】There is something wrong with my washing machine.（改为否定句） There ___is nothing/isn’t anything__ wrong with my washing machine. 4. We built a web of our own. 我们建立了自己的网站。(教材P65 Activity 2） of one's own意为“属于某人自己的”, 常在句中作后置定语。此时own在这里作形容词/代词，意为“(用于强调)自己的，本人的”。 E.g. Mr.Li has a house of his own in the community. 李先生在这个小区有一套自己的房子。 注意：own总是用于所有格之后。 拓展：与one's own有关的短语 on one’s own 独自地；单独地 of one’s very own 完全属于自己的(用于强调) sth. to call one’s own 属于自己的.....东西 for one’s own good/safety/benefit 为了某人自己的好处/安全/利益 in one’s own way 以某人自己的方式 E.g. Jack finished the task on his own. 杰克独自完成了这项任务。 I'd like a room of my very own. 我想有一个完全属于自己的房间。 She just wanted a place to call her own. 她只是想要一个她自己的地方。 I'm only telling you this for your own good. 我是为你好才告诉你这些的。 He worked out the problem in his own way. 他用自己的方式解决了这个问题。 【即时练习】—Who taught her French? —Nobody. She learned all __D____. A. of her own B. on herself C. by her own D. on her own 【详解】句意：——谁教她法语?——没有人。她完全是自学的。 of her own她自己的(东西); on herself在她自己身上； by her own这个表达不正确，应为by herself,表示“靠她自己”;onher own独自地，靠自己地。根据“Who taught her French?”和"Nobody.”可知，她完全是自学的，learn on one’ s own“自学”, 是固定搭配。 5. My computer suddenly doesn't work. 我的电脑突然无法运行了。(教材P65 Activity 3） work, 动词，意为“(机器、装置等)运转；运行”。 E.g. —How does the machine work? 这台机器是怎样运行的? —It works by electricity. 它是用电力驱动。 拓展：work作动词和名词时的相关意思 E.g. He works at a school. (作动词)他在学校工作。 His mother works as a Chinese teacher. 他妈妈是一名语文老师。 We work hard for our dream. 我们为理想而努力。 The medicine worked soon. 不久，药起作用了。 Do you want to go for a walk after work? (作名词)下班后你想去散步吗? I went out with girls from work last night. 昨晚我和工作单位的姑娘们出去了。 The child is showing his work to the class. 这个孩子正在向全班展示他的成果。 Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's greatest works. 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最伟大的作品之一。 The shoe works closed last year. 这家鞋厂去年倒闭了。 【即时练习】—Do you have a ____C____? —Yes, I ________ at a clothes store. A. work, work B. job, job C. job, work D. work, job Developing the Topic Oral Communication & Reading for Writing 1. She watches online movies about once a week. 她大约每周看一次网络电影。(教材66 Activity 1 B） once a week意为“一周一次”, 表示频率。 E.g. We play soccer once a week in the park. 我们一周在公园踢一次球。 拓展：①表示频率的结构还有twice/threetimes/four times...+a day/week/month/year等。 E.g. Kangkang goes back to his hometown twice a year. 康康一年回老家两次。 ②常用how often对表示频率的词或短语进行提问。 E.g. —How ofen do you get online? 你多久上一次网? —Three times a week. 一周三次。 【即时练习】—_____A____ do you read English in the morning? —Twice a week. A. How often B. How long C. How much D. How many 2. How do you understand “proper use of the internet”? 你如何理解“正确使用互联网”? (教材P67 Activity 1） proper, 形容词，意为“正确的；恰当的；符合规则的”, 常用于名词前。 E.g. —This is the proper way to run. 这才是跑步的正确方式。 —OK.Thank you. 好的。谢谢。 Everything was in its proper place. 每样东西都放在恰当的位置。 拓展：①proper的其他意思 proper 合适的；合理的；得体的 (用于名词前)真正的；像样的 (用于名词后)严格意义上的；狭义的 (用于名词前)完全的；彻底的 后接to sth. 意为“特有的；独具的；天然享有的”。 E.g. —It's proper to wear the dress to the party. 穿这条裙子去聚会很合适。 —I think so. 我也这样认为。 He is too busy to eat a proper meal. 他忙得都没吃过一顿像样的饭。 —The celebrations proper always begin at 6:00 p.m. 严格意义上的庆祝活动总是在下午6点开始。 —I see. 我知道。 We're in a proper mess now. 我们现在真是一团糟。 Making tools is proper ability to humans. 制作工具是人类独有的能力。 ② proper的相关单词 improper, 形容词，意为“不诚实的；不合适的；错误的”。 properly, 副词，意为“正确地；适当地”。 E.g. It's improper for you to appear here at this time. 你这个时候出现在这里不合适。 —Make sure the letter is properly addressed. 务必正确书写信上的地址。 —OK. 好的。 【即时练习】The proper ____A____ of your time will make your life better. A. use B. shape C. colour D. card 3. What's more, Feiyang is amazed by lots of useful information on the internet. 此外，飞阳对互联网上大量有用的信息感到惊奇。(教材P67 Activity 2） amazed, 形容词，意为“大为惊奇”。 be amazed by sth. 意为“因某事感到惊奇”, 可与be amazed at sth.互换。 E.g. I am amazed you've never heard this song. 我很惊讶，你竟然从未听过这首歌。 We are amazed at/by the number of people who came. 居然来了那么多人，我们都很惊讶。 拓展：①amazed的相关用法 be amazed to find/discover/see 因发现/看到……感到惊奇 be amazed+宾语从句 因…感到惊奇 E.g. I am amazed to find no one was hurt. 我惊奇地发现竟然没人受伤。 He is amazed how clever his son is. 他的儿子如此聪明，这让他很惊诧。 ② amazed的相关单词 amaze, 动词，意为“使惊奇；使惊诧；使惊愕”。 amazing, 形容词，意为“令人大为惊奇的；(尤指)令人惊喜的”。 (注意：amazed感到惊奇的(修饰人); amazing令人惊奇的(修饰物)。) amazement, 名词，意为“惊奇；惊诧；惊愕”。 E.g. It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time. 在这个时候他还能如此冷静，真让我吃惊。 This is such an amazing story. 这是一个多么令人惊喜的故事。 To my amazement, he remembered me. 令我大为惊奇的是，他还记得我。 【即时练习】The ____B____ tour around the world online made all of us feel ________. A. amazed; amazing B. amazing; amazed C. amazing; amazing D. amazed; amazed 4. He reads news on the internet and learns about the lastest developments in science and technology. 他在网上看新闻，并了解科学技术的最新发展。 (教材P67 Activity 2） latest, 形容词，意为“最新的；最近的”, 仅用于名词前作定语。 E.g. —Do you have any latest news about John? 你有关于约翰的最新消息吗? —No, I don't. 不，我没有。 拓展：latest的其他意思及相关用法 latest late的最高级，意为“最晚的”。 the latest意为“最新事物；最新消息”。 at the latest意为“最晚；最迟；至迟”。 E.g. Tom was the latest student to get to school. 汤姆是最晚到校的学生。 Have you heard the latest? 你听到最新消息了吗? —You must hand in your paper next Monday at the latest. 你的论文最迟星期一交。 —I see. 我明白。 【即时练习】他最新的应用程序让世界各地的人们找到学习意大利语的伙伴。 His latest app allows people around the world to find study partners for learning Italian. 5. He makes some new friends on the internet and connects with students around the world. 他在网上交了一些新朋友，并与世界各地的学生建立联系。(教材P67 Activity 2） connect with sb. 意为“与某人建立良好关系，沟通”。 E. g. They connect with each other by email. 他们通过电子邮件联系彼此。 拓展：① connect with...的其他意思 connect with... 与…连接/(火车；航班等)转接，衔接/与……(融洽地)沟通，相处 E.g. His workshop connects with his house. 他的工作室和他的住处连在一起。 This train connects with the one to Kunming. 这班火车与去昆明的那班衔接。 She is good at connecting with others. 她擅长与他人沟通。 ② connect.…with... 意为“把……和……连接；把………和……联系”。 E.g. The road connects the village with the city. 这条路把这个村庄和城市连接起来。 You should connect knowledge with practice. 你应当把知识和实践联系起来。 【即时练习】这项运动既是一种锻炼，也是人们和他人交流的一种方式。 The game serves as exercise and as a way for people to connect with others. Wrapping Up the Topic Project & Review 1. Learn experts' experience in growing fruit products. 学习专家种植水果产品的经验。 (教材P69 Activity 1） expert, 名词，意为“专家；行家；能手”。 E.g. We invited an expert to give a speechlast week. 上周我们邀请了一位专家来做讲座。 拓展：① expert作名词时的相关用法 expert at/in/on (doing) sth. (某方面)的专家 E.g. He is an expert at family law. 他是家庭法律方面的专家。 ② expert的相关词性及单词 expert, 形容词，意为“内行的；专家的”。 expertly, 副词，意为“熟练地；巧妙地”。 E.g. Thank you for the expert advice on the field. 感谢你给了我们一些这个领域方面的专家意见。 The roads were icy, but he stopped the car expertly. 道路结了冰，但他仍熟练地把车停了下来。 【即时练习】这几位先生是来自北京的专家。 These gentlemen are experts from Beijing. 2. More and more people will use e-money instead of cash. 越来越多的人将使用电子货币来代替现金。(教材P70 Activity 1） instead of意为“代替；作为……的替换”, 后面一般接名词(短语)、代词、动名词或介词短语。 E.g. I ate some bread instead of rice. (后接名词) 我没有吃米饭，而是吃了一些面包。 My brother will do housework instead of me. (后接代词) 我弟弟将代替我做家务。 She decided to see a movie instead of watching TV. (后接动名词) 她决定去看场电影而不是看电视。 We had dinner in a restaurant instead of at home. (后接介词短语) 我们没在家吃饭，而是在饭店里吃的。 辨析：instead of和instead 单词/短语 词性 意思 用法 instead of 介词短语 代替； 作为……的替换 常用于句中，后跟名词(短语)、代词、动名词或介词短语。 instead 副词 代替；顶替；反而；却 可位于句首或者句末。位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的内容隔开。 E.g. —I can visit Miss Wang instead of you. 我可以代替你们去看王老师。 —OK. 好的。 If you don't have time to visit MissWang, I can do it instead. 如果你们没时间去看王老师，我可以代替你们去。 【即时练习】1）They are going to play soccer together instead of ____B____ homework after school. A. do B. doing C. did 2）—I’m too busy ____B____ to my parents often. —Why not call them ________? A. writing; instead B. to write; instead C. written; instead of 3. Judge their words carefully when communicating with others. 与他人沟通时需谨慎判断他们的言辞。 (教材P70 Activity 2） judge, 动词，意为“判断；断定；评价”。 E.g. You can't judge a person by looks. 你不能以貌取人。 拓展：① judge作动词时的相关用法 judge sb./sth. on sth. 依据……来判断…… judge sb./sth. to be/do sth. 认为某人/某物…是/要做… judge sb./sth.+adj./n. 认为某人/某物是… It is judged that… 据估计… judging by/from sth. 依据……来判断 E.g. Schools shouldn't be judged only on exam results. 学校的好坏不应当只凭考试成绩来评判。 The concert was judged to be a great success. 这场音乐会被认为大获成功。 They judged it wise to say nothing. 他们认为不说为妙。 It is judged that the risk was great. 据估计风险太大。 Don't judge a book by its cover. 勿以貌取人。 Judging from what he said, he will come. 依据他所说的，他会来的。 ② judge还可作名词，意为“法官；审判员；裁判员；鉴定人”。 E.g. His father works as a judge. 他爸爸是个法官。 ③ judgement, 名词，意为“判断力；看法；判断；报应”。 E.g. In my judgement, we should accept his offer. 依我看，我们应该接受他的报价。 【即时练习】1) 不要以貌取人。 You don’t judge a book by its cover(封皮). 2) She advised us ____not to judge____ (not judge) other cultures by our own standards. 4. When the computer asks you whether to save your password, click “No”. 当电脑提示是否保存密码时，点击“否”。(教材P71 Activity 4） whether to do sth. 意为“是否要做某事”, 此时whether不能用if替换。 E.g. I don't know whether to go or not. 我不知道该不该去。 拓展：“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法： 动词不定式可和疑问词who、what、which、when、how、where等连用构成不定式短语，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。 E.g. Where to go is up to you. (作主语) 去哪儿由你来决定。 I don't know how to do it. (作宾语) 我不知道该怎样做。 The question is who to do it. (作表语) 问题是谁来做这件事。 【即时练习】We don’t know ____C____ it next. Let’s go and ask Mr. Li. A. what to do B.to do what C. whether to do D. to do whether 【详解】考查宾语从句.句意:我们不知道接下来是否做这件事. 从句中不缺少宾语(有it), 排除A，故选C. 5. If you happen to do it by mistake, cancel it at once. 若不小心误操作，马上取消。 (教材P71 Activity 4） 1) happen to do sth. 意为“碰巧做某事”。 E.g. I happened to meet my Chinese teacher in the supermarket. 我碰巧在超市遇到了我的语文老师。 拓展：It happens that... 意为“碰巧”, it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，可与sb. happen to do sth.互换。 E.g. It happened that I met my math teacher in the supermarket. = I happened to meet my math teacher in the supermarket. 我碰巧在超市遇到了我的数学老师。 2) by mistake 意为“错误地；无意中”。 E.g. I’m sorry I took your umbrella by mistake. 对不起，我错拿了你的伞。 链接：make mistakes意为“犯错”。 E.g. No one is perfect. Everyone may make mistakes. 人无完人。每个人都会犯错。 3) cancel, 动词，意为“取消；撤销；终止”。 E.g. It is raining so hard. We have to cancel our picnic plan. 雨下得太大，我们不得不取消野餐计划。 拓展：cancel的过去式和过去分词是canceled/cancelled; 现在分词为canceling/cancelling。 E.g. All flights were canceled/cancelled because of bad weather. 由于恶劣的天气，所有航班都被取消了。 【即时练习】1) I ___A___ to see my primary school teacher on my way to the library yesterday. We hadn't seen each other for five years. A. happened B. missed C. wanted D. forgot 2) This stops me from floating around and hitting something ____A____ mistake. A. by B. in C. on D. at 3) The sports meeting _____D____ because of the rain yesterday. A. cancels B. is canceled C. canceled D. was canceled 6. Do not mention or leave any personal information on a public computer. 不要在公用电脑上提到或留下任何个人信息。(教材P71 Activity 4） mention, 动词，意为“提到；写到；说到”。 E.g. Some of the problems were mentioned in his report. 其中的一些问题在他的报告里提到了。 拓展：mention的相关用法 mention sth./sb. to sb. 向某人提到某事/某物/某人 Don't mention it. (别人道谢时回答)不客气。 I mentioned this idea to Jane and she liked it. 我向简提到了这个想法，她很喜欢它。 —Thank you for helping me. 感谢你的帮助。 —Don't mention it. 不客气。 【即时练习】— It is nice of you to share so many amazing photos of the Palace Museum with me. — _____B____. I do hope to help you with your project. A. Exactly B. Don’t mention it C. That’s all right D. That’s not the case 7. So, keep an eye on those around you, and keep a safe distance from them.所以，留意你周围的人，并与他们保持安全距离。(教材P71 Activity 4） keep an eye on sb./sth. 意为“留意/留神某人/某物”。 E.g. —Can you keep an eye on my bag when I go to the restroom? 当我去洗手间时，你能帮我看一下我的包吗? —OK. 好的。 拓展：keep an eye on sb./sth. 还可意为“照看/照料某人/某物”。 E.g. Mary will keep an eye on the kids tonight. 今晚玛丽将会照看这些孩子。 【即时练习】Please keep an eye on the baby while I’m away. ( C ) A. watch B. notice C. look after D. look at 8. When you have to step away from the computer for a moment, make sure to close all the windows on the screen. 当你不得不离开电脑一会儿时，确保关闭屏幕上所有的窗口。(教材P71 Activity 4） for a moment意为“一会儿；片刻”。 E.g. —Please wait for a moment. 请稍等片刻。 —OK. 好的。 拓展：moment的相关短语 a moment ago刚刚 at the last moment 在最后一刻 at the moment 此时，目前，眼下 at this very moment = at this momentin time 此时此刻 at this/that moment就在这/那时候 from that moment on从那以后 in a moment马上；很快 E.g. He was here a moment ago. 他刚刚还在这里。 The plan was canceled at the last moment. 这个计划在最后一刻取消了。 Jack is on holiday at the moment. 此刻杰克正在度假。 She may be in trouble at this very moment/at this moment in time. 此时此刻，她可能遇到了麻烦。 Just at that moment, there was a knock on the door. 就在那时，有人敲门。 From that moment on, we were the best friends. 从那以后，我们就成了最好的朋友。 I'll be back in a moment. 我马上回来。 【即时练习】When hearing the fire warning, we have to leave our home ___C____. A. for a minute B. after a while C. in a momen 单元语法 前缀tele-和e- 在英语单词中，前缀加在某个词前，可以改变、限制或加强该词的意思，了解前缀能帮我们快速理解词义。本单元主要学习两个和科技有关的前缀：tele-和e-。 1）前缀tele- （1）含义 前缀tele-源自希腊语“tele”，表示“远程的，远距离的”。常加在名词或动词前，表示“远距离；遥控；电视；电信；电传”，构成的派生词也多与技术、通信、感知等相关。 （2） 和前缀tele-相关的派生词 词根 派生词 vision 视力 television 电视 control控制 tele-control 遥控 medicine药 telemedicine远程医疗 learning学习 tele-learning远程学习 communication交流 telecommunication (简写为telecom)电信 conference会议 teleconference远程会议 scope范围 telescope望远镜 commute通勤 telecommute远程办公 camera相机 telecamera电子摄影机，远距离摄影机 graph图表，曲线图 telegraph电报 printer打印机(尤指与计算机相连的) teleprinter电传打字机 2) 前缀e- (1)含义 e-是electronic的缩写，表示“电子的；数字化的；在线的；通过互联网的”, 通常加在名词前，构成的派生词多与互联网、数字技术相关。 (2)和前缀e-相关的派生词 词根 派生词 mail邮件 email电子邮件 book书籍 e-book电子书 learning学习 e-learning在线学习 banking银行业 e-banking电子银行 government政府 e-government电子政务 card卡片 e-card电子贺卡 schoolbag书包 e-schoolbag电子书包 bike自行车 e-bike电动车 library图书馆 e-library电子图书馆 marketing市场营销 e-maketing电子商务 money钱 e-money电子货币 news新闻 e-mews电子新闻 1) 总结前缀tele-和e-的用法 前缀 tele- e- 意思 远程的；远距离的 电子化的；在线的 词性 名词、动词 名词、形容词 应用场景 通信、感知、物理距离的跨越 互联网、数字技术 时代关联 工业时代至今 数字时代 基本句型 1) 概念 简单句是英语句子的基础，由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成，表达一个完整的意思。英语简单句可分为六种基本结构。 2) 简单句的六种基本结构 结构 示例 六种 基本 结构 ①主语+不及物动词(S+Vi) The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ②主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) He is a student. 他是一名学生。 ③主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt+O) He reads books. 他读书。 ④主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt+IO+DO) She gave mea book. 她给了我一本书。 ⑤主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+Vt+O+C) They elected him president. 他们选他当主席。 ⑥There be+语+状语(There+be+S+Adv) There is a book on the table. 桌上有一本书。 3) 用法 (1)主语+谓语(S+V) 概念：句子由主语和谓语构成，谓语一般是不及物动词，表示主语的动作或状态。 E.g. We can learn together. 我们可以一起学习。 (2)主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) 概念：系动词连接主语和表语。表语说明主语的身份、特征、状态等。 表语一般由形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、分词或表语从句充当。 E.g. The game was wonderful. 比赛很精彩。 The roast duck smells delicious. 烤鸭闻起来很美味。 He became a scientist at last. 最后他成了一名科学家。 You must keep quiet in the library. 在图书馆你必须保持安静。 归纳：常见的系动词有： ① be动词：am、is、are、was、were; ② 表示变化的动词：become、get、grow、turn、go; ③ 表示保持某种状态的动词：keep、stay、remain等； ④ 感官动词：feel、sound、smell、taste、look。 系动词记忆口诀： 一是(be)五变(become、get、grow、turm、go)三保持(keep、stay、remain); 似乎(seem)起来(look、sound、smell、taste、feel)五感真奇妙，系动词，不做实，连主表，记心上。 （3）主语+谓语+宾语（S+Vt+O） 概念：谓语动词是及物动词，后面接宾语。宾语是动作的对象，一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等充当。 E.g. I like English.（名词作宾语）我喜欢英语。 They remember me.（代词作宾语）他们记得我。 Don't forget to take your umbrelia.（不定式作宾语）不要忘记带伞。 We enjoy doing sports.（动名词作宾语）我们喜欢做运动。 I think（that）you're right.（从句作宾语）我认为你是对的。 (4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) 概念：谓语动词后接两个宾语，间接宾语一般指人，直接宾语一般指物。通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后，也可交换位置。但当直接宾语在前时，间接宾语前要加介词to(表示动作方向)或for(表示动作目的)。 E.g. Our teacher showed us some beautiful pictures. = Our teacher showed some beautiful pictures to us. 我们的老师向我们展示了一些漂亮的图片。 My mother cooks me a cake. = My mother cooks a cake for me. 妈妈为我做了一个蛋糕。 注意：常见的跟双宾语的动词：show、bring、pass、lend、borrow、send、make、buy、get、give等。 E.g. Please pass the ball to me. = Please pass me the ball. 请把球传递给我。 (5) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) 概念：在及物动词后，宾语意义不完整，需要宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的身份、特征、状态或动作等。宾语补足语一般是名词、形容词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语等。 E.g. We call her Lingling. (名词作宾补)我们叫她玲玲。 Doing exercise makes us very happy. (形容词作宾补)运动让我们很快乐。 I will not let you in. (副词作宾补)我不会让你进去的。 I noticed him looking sad. (分词作宾补)我注意到他看起来很悲伤。 His mother forces him to drink milk everyday. (不定式作宾补)他妈妈强迫他每天喝牛奶。 注意：find、think、believe、expect等词接不定式作宾语时常用it作形式宾语，不定式置于宾语补足语后。 E.g. I find it easy to learn English. 我发现学英语很容易。 (6) There be句型 结构：There+be动词+主语+地点/时间状语。 特点：表示“某地/某时存在某物/某人”, be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。 E.g. There is a cat on the chair. 椅子上有一只猫。 There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有很多学生。 语法知识点小测： 一、单词拼写。 1．People could put the desktop computer on the t________ (顶部) of a desk. 【答案】top/op 【详解】句意：人们可以把台式电脑放置在书桌的顶部。top“顶部”，是名词。 2．We are ________ (amaze) at the development of technology. 【答案】amazed 【详解】句意：我们对科技的发展感到惊讶。此处用形容词作表语，且修饰人，amaze的形容词amazed“感到惊讶的”，符合语境。 3．The Internet ________ (connect) the world together. 【答案】connects 【详解】句意：互联网把世界连接在一起。本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The Internet是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式connects。故填connects。 4．We can ________ (communication) with each other by WeChat. 【答案】communicate 【详解】句意：我们可以通过微信互相交流。括号内的提示词communication是名词，意为“交流”，情态动词can后面应接动词原形，构成句子的谓语，动词形式为communicate。 5．The fire ________ (burn) the forest last month. 【答案】burnt / burned 【详解】句意：上个月大火烧毁了森林。句中时间状语“last month”表明时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式。burn“燃烧，烧毁”的过去式有两种形式，分别为burnt和burned，故填burnt/burned。 6．The wind ________ (blow) strongly last night. 【答案】blew 【详解】句意：昨晚风刮得很大。句中时间状语last night（昨晚）是一般过去时的标志，说明动作发生在过去，谓语动词需要用过去式。动词blow（吹）是不规则变化动词，它的过去式是blew。 7．We should know the rules of ________ (safe) when an earthquake happens. 【答案】safety 【详解】句意：我们应该知道地震发生时的安全规则。介词of后接名词，safe的名词形式为safety。 8．It’s raining ________ (sudden). We have to stay at home. 【答案】suddenly 【详解】句意：突然下起了雨，我们不得不待在家里。“raining”是动词，需要用副词来修饰，“sudden”的副词形式是“suddenly”。 9．________ (not share) your password with strangers. 【答案】Don’t share 【详解】句意：不要和陌生人分享你的密码。这是一个祈使句，表达禁止或提醒，需要用否定形式。根据提示词“not share”，否定祈使句的结构是“Don’t + 动词原形”，因此答案为 Don’t share。 10．I find it easy ________ (learn) new skills online. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：我觉得在网上学习新技能很容易。本句符合固定句型“find it+形容词+to do sth”，其中it为形式主语，用不定式作真正的主语。 二、完成句子。 1．看太多电视对我们有害。(harm) Watching too much TV is ________ to us. 【答案】harmful 【详解】关键词harm的形容词是harmful，意思是“有害的”。结合固定搭配be harmful to表示“对……有害”，可填harmful。 2．你应该正确地回答这个问题。(correct) You should answer the question ________. 【答案】correctly 【详解】原句中“正确地”是关键词。“正确地”修饰动词“回答（answer）”，需要用副词形式，correct的副词形式是correctly。 3．这个消息真令人惊奇。 The news is really ________. 【答案】amazing 【详解】原句中“令人惊奇”是关键词。“令人惊奇的”常见英文表达为“amazing”，用来形容事物令人惊讶、赞叹，此句中要表达消息是令人惊奇的，所以用“amazing”。 4．你确切地知道他什么时候来吗？ Do you know ________ when he will come? 【答案】exactly 【详解】原句中 “确切地” 是关键词，表示 “确切地” 的副词是 exactly。本句中 “exactly 用于强调时间状语从句，修饰 when 引导的从句，表示“确切地什么时候，符合句子语境”。故填 exactly。 5．我们必须学会保护自己远离危险。 We must learn to ________ ourselves _______ danger. 【答案】 protect from 【详解】空格处表示“保护……远离/免于……”，用固定短语protect ... from ...表示。learn to do为固定搭配“学会做”，第一个空应填动词原形protect。 6．昨天一场突然的大雨袭击了这个城市。 A ________ heavy rain _________ the city yesterday. 【答案】 sudden hit 【详解】“一场突然的大雨”中“突然的”用sudden，“袭击”用hit，描述过去发生的事，动词用过去式。 7．他从不向别人提及自己的烦恼。 He never ________ his worries ________ others. 【答案】 mentions to 【详解】原句中“向……提及”是关键词，表示“向某人提及某事”用mention sth to sb，描述经常性的习惯或动作，时态用一般现在时，主语为He，动词用第三人称单数形式mentions。 8．请设置一个高强度密码保护你的账户。 Please set a strong ________ to protect your ________. 【答案】 password account 【详解】原句中“密码”和“账户”是关键词，表示“密码”用password，前面有a，用名词单数；表示“账户”用account，与前面对应，此处也用名词单数。 9．他能找到许多问题的答案。   He can find __________ to many of his __________. 【答案】 answers questions 【详解】原句中“问题的答案”是关键词，“答案”对应的英文表达是“answers”，“问题”对应的英文表达是“questions” 。 10．人们可以在互联网上看到彼此并进行面对面的交流。 People can see each other and talk ________ ________ ________ on the Internet. 【答案】 face to face 【详解】原句中“面对面”是关键词，表示“面对面”的副词短语是face to face，在句中作方式状语。 三、单项选择（词汇辨析）。 ( ) 1．E-books are designed ________ reading on electronic screens. A．for B．in C．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：电子书是专为电子屏幕阅读而设计的。 for为了；in在……里面；at在……时刻/地点。固定短语be designed for“专为……而设计”，根据句意可知电子书是为了在电子屏幕上阅读而设计的，表示目的用介词 for，应填for。 ( ) 2．We must be ________ when we get online. A．care B．careful C．carefully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们上网时，我们必须小心。 care关心，照顾；careful小心的；carefully小心地。句中be动词后需要接形容词作表语，构成“be careful”这一固定搭配，意为“小心”，应填careful。 ( ) 3．The Internet makes our lives much ________. A．easy B．easier C．easiest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：互联网使我们的生活变得容易得多。 easy容易的（原级）；easier更容易的（比较级）；easiest最容易的（最高级）。根据空前的修饰词“much”可知，much常用于修饰形容词比较级，表示程度加深，应填easier。 ( ) 4．Don’t share your password ________ strangers online. A．with B．to C．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要在网上和陌生人分享你的密码。 with和……一起；to朝，向；for为了。根据“share your password...strangers online”可知，此处表示“和……分享”，用share sth with sb，应填with。 ( ) 5．Feiyang is amazed ______ lots of useful information on the internet. A．at B．by C．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：飞扬对网上的许多有用信息感到惊讶。 at在……；by被；with和……。固定搭配be amazed at sth.表示“对某事/某物感到惊讶”，是描述人对具体事物产生惊讶情绪的常用结构；be amazed by侧重“被……所惊叹”，多用于被动语境强调动作的承受者，不符合本句语义；with无此搭配，因此正确答案为A。 ( ) 6．He didn’t ________ my message, so I felt a little upset. A．click B．reply to C．cancel D．mention 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他没有回复我的消息，所以我感到有点难过。 click点击；reply to回复；cancel取消；mention提及。根据“so I felt a little upset”可知，因为对方没有回复消息所以感到难过，符合语境。故填reply to。 ( ) 7．If you click a bad link, your computer may get a ________. A．virus B．collection C．partner D．product 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你点击了一个差的链接，你的电脑可能会感染病毒。 virus病毒；collection收集；partner伙伴；product产品。根据“If you click a bad link”可知，点击不良链接会导致电脑中毒，virus病毒，符合语境，其他选项与题意不符。 ( ) 8．A good friend is like a mirror. A．主语 B．状语 C．表语 D．谓语 【答案】C 【详解】句意：好朋友就像一面镜子。 句中“A good friend”是主语，“is”是系动词，划线部分“like a mirror”位于系动词之后，作表语，用来说明主语的特征或状态。 ( ) 9．The joke made us laugh. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．宾补 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个笑话让我们笑了。 分析句子结构可知，The joke作主语，made作谓语，us作宾语。固定用法make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，laugh是不带to的不定式，用来补充说明宾语us的动作，作宾语补足语。 ( ) 10．He can find answers ______ many of his questions. A．of B．to C．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他能找到许多问题的答案。 of……的；to对于；向；for为了。the answer to...意为“……的答案”，所以选to。 ( ) 11．—As a _________ of your own city, you should help protect the environment. —You’re right. I’ll start from small things. A．citizen B．stranger C．villager D．guest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——作为自己城市的市民，你应该帮助保护环境。——你说得对。我会从小事做起。   citizen市民；stranger陌生人；villager村民；guest客人。根据“of your own city”及“protect the environment”可知，此处指作为城市的一员，有责任保护环境，citizen符合语境。 ( ) 12．With the ________ of technology, computers become smaller. A．develop B．developing C．development 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着技术的发展，电脑变得更小了。   develop发展（动词原形）；developing发展中的（形容词或动名词）；development发展（名词）。根据“With the...of”结构可知，定冠词the后需接名词，表示“随着……的发展”，此处应填名词development。 ( ) 13．It’s not good for students to spend ________ time on the Internet. A．too many B．too much C．much too 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对学生来说花太多时间在互联网上是不好的。 too many修饰可数名词复数；too much修饰不可数名词；much too修饰形容词或副词。句中time意为“时间”，是不可数名词，所以用too much修饰。 ( ) 14．If you get bad messages, you shouldn’t ________ to them. A．reply B．write C．read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你收到不良信息，你不应该回复它们。   reply回复；write写；read阅读。根据“bad messages”及网络安全建议可知，遇到不良信息不应回复，reply符合语境，固定搭配“reply to”表示“回复”。 ( ) 15．—________ do you use the Internet? —Every day. A．How often B．How long C．How much 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你多久使用一次互联网？——每天。   How often多久一次（提问频率）；How long多长时间（提问长度或持续时间）；How much多少（提问不可数名词的数量或价格）。根据答语“Every day”可知，询问的是使用频率，How often符合语境。 四、完形填空 What will happen if a family goes without the internet for a month? An American family decided to 1 .  They sent an invitation (邀请) to a TV station, and asked the workers to 2 their daily life without the internet for a month. When the workers met the Smiths, they found that Mr. Smith, Mrs. Smith and their two kids were so 3 about the internet that they hardly did things together. At mealtimes, everybody 4 at the dining table for their food. “Everyone just runs into the kitchen, takes their food and then goes back to their 5 ,” Mrs. Smith explained. “If we don’t make a change, our family will become 6 to each other!” Getting back to a life without the internet is not 7 , especially when the Smiths lose themselves in it.  They have to make many changes.  For example, the two kids have to go to the school library to 8 books for their scientific projects. Mr. and Mrs. Smith need to go out shopping 9 they cannot buy things online.  As the family 10 picked up the new lifestyle, they found that they could spend more time talking over meals, playing sports and doing all kinds of activities together. ( ) 1．A．find out B．get up C．come back ( ) 2．A．change B．record C．perform ( ) 3．A．afraid B．famous C．crazy ( ) 4．A．sat B．lay C．stood ( ) 5．A．books B．screens C．bills ( ) 6．A．friends B．strangers C．classmates ( ) 7．A．sad B．difficult C．easy ( ) 8．A．borrow B．write C．steal ( ) 9．A．but B．because C．whether ( ) 10．A．suddenly B．luckily C．finally 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了史密斯一家尝试为期一个月脱离网络生活的故事，记录了他们从前沉迷网络、家庭互动极少，到告别网络后重新增进家人陪伴、收获温暖相处时光的转变过程。 1．句意：一个美国家庭决定去弄清楚这件事。 根据“What will … the internet for a month?” 提出疑问，结合语境可知，find out最符合文意。 2．句意：他们邀请了一家电视台，来记录他们为期一个月没有网络的日常生活。 根据“They sent an invitation to a TV station”表明电视台前来记录生活，因此选择record。change“改变”、perform“表演”，与逻辑不符。 3．句意：工作人员发现，史密斯夫妇和他们的两个孩子都十分沉迷网络，几乎不会一起做任何事情。 根据“they hardly did things together”可以看出一家人“沉迷”网络，互不交流，crazy about为固定搭配，符合语境。afraid“害怕的”、famous“著名的”与语境不符。 4．句意：到了吃饭的时候，所有人都会坐在餐桌前等待食物。 结合生活常识与文章语境，吃饭时人们会坐在餐桌旁，因此选择sat。 5．句意：每个人都会跑进厨房拿食物，然后回到自己的电子屏幕前。 整篇文章围绕沉迷网络展开，家人各自使用电子设备，screens意为“电子屏幕”，因此screens符合语境。 6．句意：如果我们不做出改变，我们彼此之间将会变得如同陌生人一样。 文中一家人沉迷网络、互不交流，长期如此，家人之间会变得生疏，故选strangers“陌生人”；friends“朋友”、classmates“同学”与语境不符。 7．句意：摆脱网络的生活并不轻松，尤其是对于沉迷网络已久的史密斯一家而言。 结合语境可知，长期依赖网络的人，脱离网络会十分困难，easy意为“容易的”，not easy符合句意。；sad“难过的”、difficult“困难的”与语境不符。 8．句意：例如，两个孩子必须前往学校图书馆借阅书籍，以此完成科学作业。 原文“go to the school library”表明地点为图书馆，在图书馆借阅书籍是常规行为，因此选择borrow“借阅”；write“书写”、steal“偷窃”与语境不符。 9．句意：史密斯夫妇不得不亲自出门购物，因为他们再也无法网购物品。 后半句是前半句行为的原因，句子为因果关系，故选because。 10．句意：当这一家人最终适应了全新的生活方式，他们拥有了更多一起吃饭、聊天、玩耍的时光。 文章讲述一家人慢慢适应无网络生活，最终适应新生活，因此finally符合语境。 五、短文填空 Over the past twenty years, artificial intelligence (AI) 1 (become) an important part of our daily lives. We have gained a wealth of 2 (skill) in solving daily problems with AI these days. For example, online travel has helped develop 3 (tour) a lot. Besides, AI robots are also used in hospitals to take care of patients who have been in hospital 4 a week, which makes doctors’ work much more efficient. What’s more, many students are learning how 5 (choose) proper AI tools to improve their listening skills. These tools can help them practice pronunciation and correct mistakes, which has saved much time since they 6 (start) using AI. 7 AI is very useful, we shouldn’t depend on it too much. We need to seriously think about 8 we can use the technology properly or not so that we won’t be controlled by it. Remember, technology is just 9 tool, and the key is to use it 10 (wise) so that we can live a better and smarter life. 【答案】 1．has become 2．skills 3．tourism 4．for 5．to choose 6．started 7．Although/Though 8．whether 9．a 10．wisely 【导语】本文介绍了人工智能在日常生活中的应用，同时也提醒我们要理性看待并合理使用人工智能。 1．句意：在过去二十年里，人工智能已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。“Over the past twenty years”是现在完成时的标志，主语“artificial intelligence”为单数，所以用has become。 2．句意：如今，我们在利用人工智能解决日常问题方面已经掌握了大量的技能。“a wealth of”意为“大量的”，后接可数名词的复数形式skills。 3．句意：例如，在线旅游极大地促进了旅游业的发展。“tour”意为“旅行、观光”，是具体的活动，本题表达的是发展“旅游业”，是抽象的行业、产业概念，所以用tourism。 4．句意：此外，人工智能机器人也在医院用来照顾住院一周的病人，这大大提高了医生的工作效率。横线前面的“who have been”提示本句为现在完成时，再结合“a week”可知，应填for，构成“for+一段时间”的固定搭配，符合完成时的用法。 5．句意：更重要的是，许多学生正在学习如何选择合适的人工智能工具来提高听力技能。“how to do sth.”为固定结构，表示“如何做某事”，所以用不定式。 6．句意：这些工具能帮他们练习发音、纠正错误，自从用了人工智能，他们节省了许多时间。since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，start的过去式是stated。 7．句意：虽然人工智能很有用，但我们不能太依赖它。“有用”和“不能太依赖”之间是转折让步关系，可用“although”或“though”引导，横线处位于句首，首字母需大写。 8．句意：我们需要认真思考我们是否能正确使用这项技术，以免被它控制。根据“or not”可知，此处为固定搭配“whether…or not”，表示“是否”。 9．句意：记住，技术只是一种工具，关键是要明智地使用它，这样我们才能过上更好、更智能的生活。“tool”是可数名词单数，泛指“一种工具”，且是辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。 10．句意：记住，技术只是一种工具，关键是要明智地使用它，这样我们才能过上更好、更智能的生活。修饰动词“use”，要用“wise”的副词形式wisely。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $