Unit10 课时5 Grammar in Use（课件）【趣味课堂】英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

Exploring Lesson 5 Grammar in Use Prefixes tele- and e- & Basic sentence patterns Unit 10 World in the Cloud 目录 content Lead in 01 Practice 04 Prefixes tele- and e- 02 Language points 05 Basic sentence patterns 03 Exercise&Homework 06 2 Lesson Objectives: In this lesson, we will be able to: 1. Recognize and use prefixes tele- and e- to form new words; master the 5 basic sentence patterns and There be structure. 2. Complete matching, filling and sentence pattern exercises; use prefix words and basic sentence patterns to talk about internet life. 3. Discuss the advantages of the internet; use polite and safe language when using the internet in daily communication. Activity 1 Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold. Observing Teleshopping is shopping on the telephone or television A teleworker works on a computer at home. An email is a message on the internet. E-books are digital books designed for reading on electronic screens. tele- = far away (远程的、远距离的) e- = electronic (电子的、线上的) be designed for 被专门设计用于 tele- Teleshopping E-books A teleworker An email Look at the words and what can you find? e- Prefixes tele- and e-: tele- :it’s about over a long distance and connected with the ways of distant communication. e-:it’s connected with the use of electronic communication, especially the internet. distance /'dɪstəns/ n. 远处 distant /'dɪstənt/ adj. 远距离的 Language points Activity 1 1. E-books are digital books designed for reading on electronic screens. 电子书是专为在电子屏幕上阅读而设计的数字书籍。 1) designed为design的过去分词，此处作定语，与E-books是被动关系。 此句中designed for是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰digital books。 e.g. Basketball invented by Naismith is popular around the world. 奈史密斯发明的篮球在全世界大受欢迎。 He hid the broken glass under the sofa. 他把那个打破的杯子藏到了沙发下。 2) be designed for意为“被专门设计用于……”。 e.g. This app is designed for learning English. 这个应用程序是为学习英语而设计的。 【即时练习】Yiming ______ a stamp about the changes in the world last year. A. designs B. designed C. is designing D. will design B 前缀tele-和e- grammar 在英语单词中，前缀加在某个词前，可以改变、限制或加强该词的 意思，了解前缀能帮我们快速理解词义。本单元主要学习两个和科技有关的前缀：tele-和e-。 1）前缀tele- （1）含义 前缀tele-源自希腊语“tele”，表示“远程的，远距离的”。常加在名词或动词前，表示“远距离；遥控；电视；电信；电传”，构成的派生词也多与技术、通信、感知等相关。 前缀tele-和e- grammar （2）和前缀tele-相关的派生词 词根 派生词 vision 视力 television 电视 control 控制 tele-control 遥控 medicine 药 telemedicine 远程医疗 learning 学习 tele-learning 远程学习 communication 交流 telecommunication (简写为telecom)电信 conference 会议 teleconference 远程会议 scope 范围 telescope 望远镜 commute 通勤 telecommute 远程办公 camera 相机 telecamera 电子摄影机，远距离摄影机 graph 图表，曲线图 telegraph 电报 printer 打印机(尤指与计算机相连的) teleprinter 电传打字机 前缀tele-和e- grammar 2) 前缀e- (1)含义：e-是electronic的缩写，表示“电子的；数字化的；在线的； 通过互联网的”, 通常加在名词前，构成的派生词多与互联网、数字 技术相关。 (2) 和前缀e-相关的派生词 词根 派生词 mail 邮件 email 电子邮件 book 书籍 e-book 电子书 learning 学习 e-learning 在线学习 banking 银行业 e-banking 电子银行 government 政府 e-government 电子政务 card 卡片 e-card 电子贺卡 schoolbag 书包 e-schoolbag 电子书包 前缀tele-和e- grammar (2) 和前缀e-相关的派生词 词根 派生词 bike 自行车 e-bike 电动车 library 图书馆 e-library 电子图书馆 marketing 市场营销 e-maketing 电子商务 money 钱 e-money 电子货币 news 新闻 e-mews 电子新闻 3）总结前缀tele-和e-的用法 前缀 tele- e- 意思 远程的；远距离的 电子化的；在线的 词性 名词、动词 名词、形容词 应用场景 通信、感知、物理距离的跨越 互联网、数字技术 时代关联 工业时代至今 数字时代 Activity 2 Make new words with prefixes in the box and complete the sentences. e tele + news control learning medicine 1. My grandfather likes to read newspapers, but I prefer reading _______ on my phone. 2. This new ___________ system will let you control your model plane better if it flies higher and farther. 3. Some universities offer free ___________courses on the internet. 4. Thanks to ______________, doctors can share information on the internet and provide health care for patients over a long distance. e-news telecontrol e-learning telemedicine over a long distance 在很远处；很长的距离 Activity 3 Pair work. Read the text and discuss the meanings of the words in bold. There are different ways of shopping and doing business. People can sell things through television programs, telephone calls and the internet. That is e-marketing. Now it is becoming more and more popular in our life. It includes the buying and selling of goods and services on the internet and it is part of the e-business. People usually pay with e-money, not in cash. n.电视 n. 电话 n. 线上营销 n. 电子商务 n. 电子货币 Activity 1 Pair work. Read the conversation. Pay attention to the different sentence patterns. Observing Kangkang, you look good today. how is your project going? Not bad. I got lots of useful information online. How about your project? My partner sent me some information, but I found it difficult to open it on my computer. Maybe there is something wrong with your computer. You'd better ask someone to check it out for you. Language points Activity 1 2. My partner sent me some information, but I found it difficult to open it on my computer. 我的搭档发来了一些信息，但我发现在我的电脑上很难打开。 find+ it+adj.+to do sth.中it是形式宾语，形容词后的 to do sth.是本句真正的宾语。 e.g. I find it easy to work out the math problemin this way. 我发现用这种方法解这道数学题很简单。 拓展：类似用法的动词还有make、think、believe和 feel等。 e.g. The internet and computers made it easier to go shopping. 互联网和电脑使购物更加容易了。 【即时练习】I find ________ hard ________ math problems well. A. it; solve B. it; to solve C. that; to solve B Language points Activity 1 3. Maybe there is something wrong with your computer. 或许你的电脑出故障了。 “There is something wrong with sb./sth.”, 意为“某人/某物有问题。”。 e.g. There was something wrong with my bike this morning. 今天上午，我的自行车出故障了。 【即时练习】There is something wrong with my washing machine. （改为否定句） There __________ ___________ wrong with my washing machine. is nothing /isn’t anything Basic sentence patterns grammar 基本句型 1) 概念：简单句是英语句子的基础，由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语 (或并列谓语)构成，表达一个完整的意思。英语简单句可分为 六种基本结构。 2) 简单句的六种基本结构 结构 示例 六 种 基 本 结 构 ①主语+不及物动词(S+Vi) The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ②主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) He is a student. 他是一名学生。 ③主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt+O) He reads books. 他读书。 ④主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt+IO+DO) She gave mea book. 她给了我一本书。 ⑤主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+Vt+O+C) They elected him president. 他们选他当主席。 ⑥There be+语+状语(There+be+S+Adv) There is a book on the table. 桌上有一本书。 Basic sentence patterns grammar 句子成分：核心成分和修饰成分 六大句子成分的8大分类： 1、主语：表动作的发出者(名词，代词，数词) 2、谓语：表(主语)的动作和状态(动词) 3、宾语：表动作的承受者(名词、代词、数词) 4、补语：补充说明用语的统称。 (1) 表语：紧接在系动词之后(名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词) (2) 宾语补足语：对宾语补充说明(名词、形容词) (3) 同位语：对抽象名词解释说明(名词) 5、状语：修饰谓语和定语；功能：程度，伴随，否定，时间，条件， 原因，结果，目的，让步，比较，地点，方式。(副词) 6、定语：严格意义上来说，定语不是句子的成分，而是名词短语成分。 (形容词) Basic sentence patterns grammar 3)用法 (1) 主语+谓语 (S+V) 概念：句子由主语和谓语构成，谓语一般是不及物动词，表示主语的动作或状态。 S(主语) V(谓语) 1. S+V(主谓): 能够单独表达完整的意思。 We study. e.g. The sun rises.太阳升起来了。 They laughed.他们笑了。 We can learn together. 我们可以一起学习。 Basic sentence patterns grammar (2)主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) 概念：系动词连接主语和表语。表语说明主语的身份、特征、状态等。 表语一般由形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、分词或表语从句充当。 Kangkang, you look good today. how is your project going? S(主语) V(谓语) P(表语) V(谓语) S(主语) 2. S+V+P(主系表): V为系动词 e.g. The game was wonderful. 比赛很精彩。 The roast duck smells delicious. 烤鸭闻起来很美味。 He became a scientist at last. 最后他成了一名科学家。 You must keep quiet in the library. 在图书馆你必须保持安静。 Basic sentence patterns grammar 归纳：常见的系动词有： ① be动词：am、is、are、was、were; ② 表示变化的动词：become、get、grow、turn、go; ③ 表示保持某种状态的动词：keep、stay、remain等； ④ 感官动词：feel、sound、smell、taste、look。 系动词记忆口诀： 一是(be)五变(become、get、grow、turm、go)三保持(keep、stay、remain); 似乎(seem)起来(look、sound、smell、taste、feel)五感真奇妙， 系动词，不做实，连主表，记心上。 Basic sentence patterns grammar （3）主语+谓语+宾语（S+Vt+O） 概念：谓语动词是及物动词，后面接宾语。宾语是动作的对象，一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等充当。 I got lots of useful information online. S(主语) V(谓语) O(宾语) 3. S+V+O(主谓宾): 动词后需接宾语作为动作承受者 e.g. I like English.（名词作宾语）我喜欢英语。 They remember me.（代词作宾语）他们记得我。 Don't forget to take your umbrelia.（不定式作宾语）不要忘记带伞。 We enjoy doing sports.（动名词作宾语）我们喜欢做运动。 I think (that) you're right.（从句作宾语）我认为你是对的。 Basic sentence patterns grammar (4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) 概念：谓语动词后接两个宾语，间接宾语一般指人，直接宾语一般指物。通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后，也可交换位置。但当直接宾语在前时，间接宾语前要加介词to(表示动作方向)或for(表示动作目的)。 My partner sent me some information. S(主语) V(谓语) O(宾语) O(宾语) 4. S+V+O+O(主谓双宾语): 间宾+直宾 e.g. Our teacher showed us some beautiful pictures. = Our teacher showed some beautiful pictures to us. 我们的老师向我们展示了一些漂亮的图片。 My mother cooks me a cake. = My mother cooks a cake for me. 妈妈为我做了一个蛋糕。 注意：常见的跟双宾语的动词：show、bring、pass、lend、borrow、send、make、buy、get、give等。 Basic sentence patterns grammar (5) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) 概念：在及物动词后，宾语意义不完整，需要宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的身份、特征、状态或动作等。宾语补足语一般是名词、形容词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语等。 You'd better ask someone to check it out for you. S(主语) V(谓语) O(宾语) 5. S+V+O+C(主谓宾宾补): 宾语补足语补充说明宾语的情况。 C(宾补) e.g. We call her Lingling. (名词作宾补)我们叫她玲玲。 Doing exercise makes us very happy. (形容词作宾补)运动让我们很快乐。 Basic sentence patterns grammar You'd better ask someone to check it out for you. S(主语) V(谓语) O(宾语) 5. S+V+O+C(主谓宾宾补): 宾语补足语补充说明宾语的情况。 C(宾补) e.g. I will not let you in. (副词作宾补)我不会让你进去的。 His mother forces him to drink milk everyday. (不定式作宾补)他妈妈强迫他每天喝牛奶。 常见接宾补的动词: make, let, have, keep, find, think, call, name 等。 注意：find、think、believe、expect等词接不定式作宾语时 常用it作形式宾语，不定式置于宾语补足语后。 e.g. I find it easy to learn English. 我发现学英语很容易。 Basic sentence patterns grammar (6) There be句型 结构：There+be动词+主语+地点/时间状语。 特点：表示“某地/某时存在某物/某人”, be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。 Maybe there is something wrong with your computer. 6. There+be...: 存现句 e.g. There is a cat on the chair. 椅子上有一只猫。 There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有很多学生。 挑战一：单项选择。 ( ) 1. A good friend is like a mirror. A. 主语 B. 状语 C. 表语 D. 谓语 ( ) 2. The joke made us laugh. A. 主语 B. 谓语 C. 宾语 D. 宾补 ( ) 3. Which of the following sentences has a sentence structure of “SVO”? A. I find it a great pleasure to read books on a peaceful afternoon. B. MSF doctors hope to see those kids wearing big smiles every day. C. After the rain, the air in Purple Mountain feels cool and refreshing. D. To my excitement, the famous singer came to greet his fans in person. C D B A：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) B：主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) C：主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) D：主语+谓语 (S+V) to greet his fans... 不定式作目的状语 挑战一：单项选择。 ( ) 4. Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure? A. Jerry found the movie quite boring during the trip. B. They can get a teenager to do the job for less money. C. The police found the lost child safe and well at last. D. Not everybody in our class thinks it is a great idea. ( ) 5. Which sentence pattern does “There are many advantages of the internet” belong to? A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. There be ( ) 6. My grandfather likes reading newspapers, but I prefer reading ________ on my phone. A. e-books B. e-marketing C. e-money D. teleworker D ABC：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) D：主语+谓语+宾语从句(S+V+O) A D Activity 2 Read the sentences and match them with sentence patterns. Sentence Patterns Sentences S+V S+V+P S+V+O S+V+O+O S+V+O+C There be... My computer freezes. I sent Kangkang an email. There are many advantages and disadvantages of the internet. We built a web of our own. We are part of an online community. We all found the internet very helpful. of one’s own 属于某人自己的 Language points Activity 2 4. We built a web of our own. 我们建立了自己的网站。 of one's own意为“属于某人自己的”, 常在句中作后置定语。此时own在这里作形容词/代词，意为“(用于强调)自己的，本人的”。 e.g. Mr.Li has a house of his own in the community. 李先生在这个小区有一套自己的房子。 注意：own总是用于所有格之后。 拓展：on one’s own 独自地；单独地 of one’s very own 完全属于自己的(用于强调) sth. to call one’s own 属于自己的.....东西 for one’s own good/safety/benefit 为了某人自己的好处/安全/利益 in one’s own way 以某人自己的方式 【即时练习】—Who taught her French? —Nobody. She learned all ______. A. of her own B. on herself C. by her own D. on her own D Activity 3 Pair work. Read the sentences and discuss which basic sentence patterns they belong to. 1. The internet is a worldwide network of computers. 2. In the 1970s, people created electronic mail or “email”. 3. There is a lot of different information on the website. 4. It shows us thousands of search results. 5. The internet helps us to communicate, learn facts and entertain ourselves. 6. My computer suddenly doesn’t work. S+V+P S+V+O There be S+V+O+O S+V+O+C S+V on the website 在网站上 Language points Activity 3 5. My computer suddenly doesn't work. 我的电脑突然无法运行了。 work v. “(机器、装置等)运转；运行”。 e.g. —How does the machine work? 这台机器是怎样运行的? —It works by electricity. 它是用电力驱动。 拓展：work作动词和名词时的相关意思 e.g. He works at a school. (作动词)他在学校工作。 We work hard for our dream. 我们为理想而努力。 Do you want to go for a walk after work? (作名词)下班后你想去散步吗? Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's greatest works. 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最伟大的作品之一。 【即时练习】—Do you have a ________? —Yes, I ________ at a clothes store. A. work, work B. job, job C. job, work D. work, job C Exercises I. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空(有一项多余)。 1. Many people prefer to read an _____________ on their phones instead of a paper book. 2. During the pandemic, _____________ became very popular because students could study at home. 3. _____________ means buying things from far away through TV or the internet. 4. A _____________ works from home and connects with the office through the internet. 5. With the development of technology, more and more people use _____________ to pay for things online. teleshopping, teleworker, e-book, e-learning, telecontrol, e-money e-book e-learning Teleshopping teleworker e-money Exercises 1. This app is specially __________ (design) for children to learn English. 2. The teacher sent ________ (we) some useful information about the project. 3. I find ________ (it) hard to finish the work in such a short time. 4. There ________ (be) something wrong with my computer yesterday. 5. My grandmother prefers reading _________ (e-book) to reading paper books. designed II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 us it was e-books Exercises 1. 我搭档找到了很多关于网上购物的重要信息。 My partner ________ a lot of important ___________ about online shopping. 2. 你能告诉我如何在电脑上打开这个电子书吗？ Can you tell me how to ________ this ________ on my computer? 3. 这台电脑可能出了点问题。你最好请人来检查一下。 There may be ___________ wrong _______ this computer. You’d better ask someone to check it out. 4. 我发现很难理解这个英文句子。 I find ________ hard ________ understand this English sentence. 5. 网上有各种各样的课程，比如电子学习和远程教学。 There are ________ kinds of courses online, such as __________ and tele teaching. III. 完成译句 (每空一词)。 found information open e-book something with it to all e-learning /different Summary We learn: 1. the uses of prefixes tele- and e-. 2. the six sentence patters. We can: 1. guess the meaning of the words with prefixes tele- and e-. 2. undersdand the six sentence patterns. 3. use the sentence patterns correctly Homework 1. 基础层：抄写本课前缀合成词和 5 种基本句型各 2 个。 2. 提高层：用至少 3 个前缀词和 2 种句型，写一段 5 句话的 小短文，介绍你常用的线上工具。 3. 拓展层：查找一个真实案例（如telemedicine救人、 e-learning帮助贫困学生），用英文写出3个句子，并标注句型。 Thank you! $