Unit11 课时6 Grammar in Use (课件)【趣味课堂】英语新教材仁爱科普版七年级下册

Exploring Lesson 6 Grammar in Use Reflexive pronouns & Modal verbs Unit 11 Rules Matter! CONTENTS 目 录 01 Lead in 02 Reflexive pronuns 03 must/mustn’t, should/shouldn’t 04 Practice 05 Language points 06 Exercise&Homework Lesson Objectives: In this lesson, we will be able to: 1. Learn the usage of reflexive pronouns. 2. Learn the usage of "must/mustn't; should/shouldn't" in context. 3. Be able to discuss with your partner about the things that should and shouldn't be done in public places. Lead in Look and say. Last year, the students planted trees by _____________ (them). themselves The girl has to wash clothes by __________ (she). Lead in Look and say. herself /hɜː'self/ pron.她自己 Activity 1 Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the reflexive pronouns. I have to make dinner by myself. Tell yourself to be careful in the next exam. 观察这些反身代词的形式及位置。 my + self 位于介词之后 your + self 位于动词之后 by oneself 独自地/单独 第一、二人称： 形物代+self Xiao Feng teaches herself French, and Jim teaches himself Chinese. Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the reflexive pronouns. The car can drive itself. her + self 位于动词之后 him + self 位于动词之后 teach oneself 自学 it + self 位于动词之后 第三人称： 宾格+self /frentʃ/ n.法语 adj.法国/语的 Activity 1 We should wash the clothes by ourselves. The family are riding bikes and enjoying themselves. Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the reflexive pronouns. our + selves(复数形式) 位于介词之后 them + selves(复数形式) 位于动词之后 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 Activity 1 Language points Activity 1 Xiao Feng teaches herself French, and Jim teaches himself Chinese. 肖芳自学法语，吉姆自学汉语。 French n. “法语”。 e.g. He learns French as a second language. 他学习法语作为第二外语。 拓展: ① French还可作形容词，意为“法国的；法国人的；法语的”。 e.g. This is a classical French food. 这是一种经典的法国食物。 ② “法国人”的表达有两种： the French 常用复数，表示法国人 群体或统称。 Frenchman 强调个体，复数形式 Frenchmen。 Reflexive pronouns 反身代词 grammar I 1) 概念: 反身代词通常与句中所指代的词形成互指关系，和它 所指代的词在人称、性别和数方面都要保持一致。 反身代词表示反射或强调，常意为“······自己；······本人”。在句中通常作宾语、主语或宾语的同位语，也可作表语，一般不能单独作主语。 Activity 2 Complete the table and learn how reflexive pronouns are formed. Personal pronoun I you she he it we you they Reflexive pronoun _____ yourself herself ______ itself ________ yourselves themselves Singular Plural myself himself ourselves 2) 反身代词的构成 第一、二人称： 形物代+self(单数) 注意：不定代词one的反身代词是oneself。 第三人称： 宾格+self(单数) 第一、二人称： 形物代+selves(复数) 第三人称： 宾格+selves (复数) Reflexive pronouns 反身代词 grammar I 3) 反身代词的用法 e.g. I teach myself English when I have time. 有时间我就会自学英语。 用法： ① 作____词的宾语， 常构成固定搭配。 enjoy ______ oneself 自学 teach ______ oneself 玩得开心 help ______ oneself to sth. 随便吃喝...... lose ______ oneself 伤到自己 hurt ______ oneself in 沉浸于... 动 3) 反身代词的用法 e.g. You can make dinner by yourself. 你可以自己做晚餐。 用法： ② 作____词的宾语,常与to, by, of, for等连用。 介 for ____ oneself 独自地/单独 by ____ oneself 为某人自己/亲自 of look after oneself 照顾自己 = take care _____ oneself to learn ____ oneself 自学 by say ____ oneself 自言自语 3) 反身代词的用法 e.g. He himself cleaned the classroom. 他自己把教室打扫干净了。 I met the singer herself yesterday. 我昨天遇到了那位歌手本人。 用法： ③ 作同位语，表示强调，意为“亲自；本身；本人。位于名词或代词之后。 e.g. I am not feeling myself today. 今天我感到不舒服。 The little girl in the photo is myself. 照片里的那个小女孩儿是我。 用法： ④ 作表语，通常位于系动词be, look, feel, seem等词之后，用来描述一种感觉、情绪或状态。 3) 反身代词的用法 注意: ①反身代词不能单独作主语，但是可以作主语的同位语。 判断正(√)误(×): Herself finished the work. ( ) She herself finished the work. ( ) 她自己完成了这项工作。 注意: ②反身代词不能作定语，因为它没有所有格形式， 表达“某人自己的”应用one’s own。 判断正(√)误(×): This is myself bike. ( ) This is my own bike. ( ) 这是我自己的自行车。 Activity 3 Read the text and fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words. Traffic rules are important to everyone because they keep people safe. It’s useful for us to learn and follow them.Drivers should always tell __________ (they) never to break the traffic rules. As students, we should remember the rules of the road, too. We should try our best to learn the rules of the road by _________ (we), such as traffic signs and traffic lights. People should always keep traffic rules in mind because they are good for others and ___________ (they). themselves ourselves themselves /breɪk/ v.弄坏;违犯/n.休息 违反交通规则 交通标志 Language points Activity 3 Traffic rules are important to everyone because they keep people safe. It’s useful for us to learn and follow them. Drivers should always tell themselves never to break the traffic rules. As students, we should remember the rules of the road, too. We should try our best to learn the rules of the road by _________ (we), such as traffic signs and traffic lights. People should always keep traffic rules in mind because they are good for others and ___________ (they). 司机们应该始终告诫自己永远不要违反交通规则。 break v. “违犯；背弃；（使）破；弄坏；弄破；稍停”。 e.g. Li Ming broke the class rules.He spoke to others in class. 李明违反了班规，他上课跟他人讲话。 He broke the window just now. 他刚刚打破了玻璃。 Let's break for lunch. 我们休息一会儿，吃午饭。 拓展: break还可作名词，意为“休息”，和rest同义。 have／take a break意为“休息一下”，可与have／take a rest互换。 练习：The teacher always tells us never to arrive late ________ the classroom. We shouldn’t ________ the rule. A. for; follow B. to; make C. at; break C arrive at+小地点“到达某地” break the rule“违反规定” Practice Read the sentences and fill in the blanks with the correct form of the given words. 1. Please help _________ (we) . We can't do it by __________ (we). 2. Wang Yue is so clever. She learn French by __________ (she). 3. Li Lei went hiking with his family and they enjoyed __________ (they). 4. He lives alone. He always buys __________ (he) everything. us herself themselves ourselves himself Activity 1 Pair work. Read the conversation. Pay attention to the usage of modal verbs. Kangkang, we learned some traffic rules this afternoon. Do you remember them? Yes, I do. Rule 1: We must look at both sides before crossing the road. 看两边 must+动词原形 Pair work. Read the conversation. Pay attention to the usage of modal verbs. You’re right. Rule 2: We mustn’t run on the streets. Yes, it’s not safe. Rule 3: We shouldn’t put our heads or hands out of the car window. mustn’t+动词原形 shouldn’t+动词原形 /hed/ n.头;负责人/v.前往 Activity 1 Pair work. Read the conversation. Pay attention to the usage of modal verbs. Yes. Traffic rules are very important for our safety. Right. We should always follow the traffic rules. should+动词原形 Activity 1 情态动词 must, should grammar II 1）概念 : 情态动词通常用来表达说话人的情感、态度或语气， 主要包括猜测、判断、需要、可能、各种意愿等。 有如下特点： ① 本身有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，只能和动词原形 一起构成谓语。 ② 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 ③ 在句子的位置：用在动词之前。 本单元我们主要学习情态动词must，should的用法。 情态动词 must grammar II must “必须，一定”，多指现在或将来的情况，表示说话人的 主观看法。 辨析：must 和 have to 单词/短语 意思 用法 must 必须 表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要；must没有词形变化，只有一种形式。 have to 必须; 不得不 表示客观的需要，不受主观意志的影响； have to有人称、时态和数的变化。 e.g. Wang Hong said she __________ work hard. 王红说她必须努力工作。（主观上觉得应该要去做某事） It rained hard yesterday, so I __________ stay at home for a whole day. 昨天雨下得很大，所以我不得不在家待了一整天。 （客观情况决定要做某事） 情态动词 must grammar II must had to 辨析：must 和 have to 注意： must的否定式为mustn’t，表示“禁止；一定不要； 绝对不能”的意思，语气比较强烈。 e.g. You mustn't play football on the road. 你千万不要在马路上踢球。 情态动词 must grammar II 归纳：must的其他用法 ① must表示推测，意为“一定是；肯定是”，一般用于肯定句中。 辨析：情态动词表猜测 单词/短语 意思及用法 must 意为“一定”，一般用于肯定猜测 can 意为“可能”，常用于否定句或疑问句中 may 意为“可能；也许”，常用于肯定句中 might 意为“可能；也许”。might是may 的过去式；表推测时，可能性低于may。 情态动词 must grammar II 归纳：must的其他用法 ② must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用needn’t或是don’t have to，不能用mustn’t。 练习： 1. —______ I finish my homework before watching TV? —Yes, you ______. It’s a rule in our family. A. Must; mustn’t B. Should; must C. Must; must D. Should; shouldn’t 2. —Must I clean the classroom now? —No, you ________. You can do it after class.   A. mustn't            B. needn't           C. can't            D. shouldn't C B 情态动词 should grammar II should “应该；应当”，没有人称和数的变化，后跟动词原形。其否定式为shouldn't。 e.g. We should come to school on time. 我们应该准时到校。 We shouldn't speak loudly in the library. 我们不应该在图书馆大声喧哗。 情态动词 should grammar II 归纳： ① 表示征询意见或提出建议。 e.g. We should eat fruit every day. 我们应该每天吃水果。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ ② 表示推测。 e.g. She should do some washing. 她应该在洗衣服。 情态动词 should grammar II 归纳： ③ 表示义务或责任。 e.g. As students, we should study hard. 作为学生，我们应该努力学习。 ④ 表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。 e.g. Why should he do that? 他为什么做出那种事？ ⑤ 表示做某事是正确的或明智的，往往表达说话者的观点。 e.g. When walking on the streets, we should follow the traffic rules. 在街上行走的时候，我们应该遵守交通规则。 Activity 2 Complete the table and learn how to use must/mustn’t and should/ shouldn’t. should/must shouldn’t/mustn’t 1. At home,we ________ respect the old and care for the young. 2. There are many people on the street, so you ________ drive slowly. 3. You _________ play with fire. 4. In an art museum, we __________ speak loudly. 5. When you are traveling in other countries, you need to know the rules and ________ break the law. Positive Negative should should mustn’t shouldn’t mustn’t /'sləʊli/ adv.慢速地 /spiːk/ v.说话 /'laʊdli/ adv.吵闹地 /lɔː/ n.法律;法规 玩火 违法 Language points Activity 2 should/must shouldn’t/mustn’t 1. At home,we ________ respect the old and care for the young. 2. There are many people on the street, so you ________ drive slowly. 3. You _________ play with fire. 4. In an art museum, we shouldn’t speak loudly. 5. When you are traveling in other countries, you need to know the rules and ________ break the law. Positive Negative 在艺术博物馆，我们不应该大声说话。 speak不及物动词，意为“说话；谈话；演讲；发言”。 e.g. Wang Li wants to speak at the meeting. 王莉想在会议上发言。 May I speak to Kangkang, please? 我可以找一下康康吗？(电话用语) 拓展: speak还可作及物动词，意为“说（某种语言）”。 e.g. Do you want to speak English well? 你想说好英语吗？ 辨析： speak, say, talk 和 tell say：及物动词, “说”（强调说的内容） say sth. to sb. 和某人说某事 talk: 不及物动词, “说话；谈话” talk to/with sb. 和某人交谈 talk about tell: 及物动词, “讲述；告诉” tell sb. sth. / tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 练习：Mr. Gu often ________ at the school assembly (晨会), and he will ________ something important later. A. speaks; tell B. says; speak C. talks; tell D. speaks; say D Activity 3 Fill in the blanks with should or shouldn’t and put the rules in each suitable box. You_________ keep quiet. You_________ ask for help. You_________ cry out. You_________ care for the old. You_________ wait at the red light. You_________ play on the road. You_________ listen to the advice. You_________ pay attention. On the street In the hospital should should should shouldn’t shouldn’t should should should You should wait at the red light. You should ask for help. You shouldn’t cry out. You should care for old. You shouldn’t play on the road. You should pay attention. You should keep quiet. You should ask for help. You shouldn’t cry out. You should listen to the advice. You should care for old. /əd'vaɪs/ n.劝告;建议 /ə'tenʃn/ n.注意;专心 注意 Activity 3 You_________ wait at the red light. You_________ play on the road. You_________ listen to the advice. You_________ pay attention. should should 你应该听从劝告。 advice “劝告; 忠告; 建议; 意见” 不可数名词，表示数量时，常借助于piece 或some等词。 常用短语：a piece of advice 一条建议 ask sb. for advice 向某人征求建议 take/follow one’s advice 听取某人的建议 give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议 advice on/about... 关于....的建议 辨析: advice与suggestion advice: 不可数名词，表示“一条建议／忠告”时，要用“a piece of advice”。 suggestion: 可数名词，复数形式为suggestions。 Language points Activity 3 You_________ wait at the red light. You_________ play on the road. You_________ listen to the advice. You_________ pay attention. should should 你应该听从劝告。 advice “劝告; 忠告; 建议; 意见” 不可数名词，表示数量时，常借助于piece 或some等词。 拓展: advise是advice的动词形式，意为“建议；劝告”。 advise sb. (not) to do sth. 意为“建议某人（不要）做某事”。 练习：Can you give me ________ on it? A．some pieces of advices B．any piece of advices C．any piece of advice D．some pieces of advice D Language points Activity 3 You_________ wait at the red light. You_________ play on the road. You_________ listen to the advice. You_________ pay attention. should 你应该全神贯注。 attention n. “注意；专心”。 e.g. He turned his attention back to the road again. 他把注意力转回到道路上。 拓展: pay attention to 意为“注意，留心”，其中to是介词，后可跟 名词、代词、动名词或从句。 e.g. You should pay more attention to your spelling. 你要多注意你的单词拼写。 You should pay attention to _________ care of your kids in public. 在公共场所，你要注意照看好自己的孩子。 taking Language points Exercises I. 单项选择。 （ ）1. I have to make dinner by ______. A. me B. mine C. myself （ ）2. All the people ______ follow the laws. A. can B. may C. must （ ）3. There are too many people on the street, so you must drive ______. A. fast B. slowly C. quickly （ ）4. Mr. Wang is a good driver. He never ______ traffic rules. A. makes B. breaks C. follows （ ）5. Please ______ and listen to me carefully. Here are our rules. A. pay attention B. pay respect C. pay money C C B B A Exercises II. 根据语境及所给提示填空。 1. As students, we should learn to protect __________ ( we). 2. He taught __________ (he) French by listening and practicing. 3. You are old enough to take care of __________ (you), Mike. 4. My sister tries __________ best to learn by __________ on these special days. (she) 5. Rick __________ (break) his glasses on the playground and needed a new pair. 6. The old woman always has breakfast for an hour because she eats __________ (slow). 7. The dog hurt __________ when jumping over the fence(栅栏). I am really woried about ________ (it). ourselves himself yourself her herself broke slowly itself it Exercises III. 完成句子。 1. Eliza broke the rules to save an old man. (改为否定句) Eliza _______ _______ the rules to save an old man. 2. I should take exercise every day. (对画线部分提问) _______ _______ you do every day? 3. Don't talk in the library. (改为同义句) You _______ _______ in the library. 4. 学生不应该违反校规。（完成译句） Students _________ _______ the school rules. 5. 随着美食节的到来，学生们正在自己准备一切。（完成译句） As the food festival is coming, the students are preparing everything ______ __________. didn't break What should mustn't talk shouldn't break by themselves Summary We learn: 1. reflexive pronouns, such as myself, yourself, herself, etc. 2. the usage of modal verbs “must/mustn’t, should/shouldn’t” to express rules… We can: use these words and grammar to describe rules in different situations. Remember to use them correctly when you talk about what we should or shouldn't do, what we must or mustn't do. Homework 1. 基础层：用反身代词写5个句子（如：She hurt herself.）。 2. 提高层：写一篇短文，描述自己在某个场景（如学校、家 庭）里应该遵守的规则，至少使用 3 个反身代词和 3 个情态 动词。 3. 拓展层：制作一张关于规则的英语海报，用图文结合的 方式展示规则，并用英语标注。 Thank you! $