Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Discovering Useful Structures 动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语和状语 导学案-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

2025级高一英语备课组学案 Book3 Unit2 Discovering Useful Structures 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语 (The -ing form as the object complement and the adverbial) 一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后, 补充说明宾语的动作或状态。在这种情况下, 及物动词通常是表示感觉和心理状态的动词或使役动词。 1. 动词-ing形式在感官动词后作宾语补足语。 在see、hear、feel、watch、notice等感官动词后, 用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语, 表示一个正在进行的主动的动作或一种状态。 *(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷) More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. 不止一次, 我发现自己在想, 我的学生们创造了这些人物, 他们是如何对自己的学科如此了解的。 知识深一度 在see、hear、feel、watch、notice等感官动词后, 既可用动词-ing形式构成复合宾语, 也可用省略to的不定式构成复合宾语, 两者之间有一定的区别。 *All his attention was fixed on the movie, so he didn’t even notice the boss enter the room. 他所有的注意力都集中在电影上, 所以他甚至没有注意到老板进了房间。 2. 动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。 在keep、get、leave、have等使役动词后, 用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语, 表示“让……一直做某事”。 *It’s cold. We should have the fire burning all the time. 天气冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。 【知识宽一度】 (1)have/get+宾语+done, done是过去分词作宾语补足语。包括两层意思: ①让别人去做某事。 *She had her new house decorated. 她把新房子装修了。 ②(主语)遭受到(意外的损失或不幸)。 *He had/got his computer stolen the other day. 前几天他的电脑被偷了。 (2)have+宾语+do sth. 意思是“让某人做某事”。 *Don’t have your child play with matches. 不要让你的孩子玩火柴。 (3)leave(使……处于某种状态)、keep(使……保持某种状态)后一般跟分词作宾语补足语, 而不跟动词不定式。 *Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered. 如果我没有回答你的任何问题, 请原谅我。 *Many teachers keep parents informed of children’s performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos online. 许多老师通过在线分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。 3. 动词-ing形式在with复合结构中的使用。 在with复合结构中, 动词-ing形式充当宾语补足语, 表示动作“正在进行”。 *With the boy leading the way, we found the hidden waterfall with ease. 有了这个男孩带路, 我们很容易找到了那个隐秘的瀑布。 *I can’t go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因为我妈妈身体抱恙, 我将无法去度假。 知识深一度 with复合结构, 也可用过去分词、不定式充当宾语补足语。 *With one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree. 他把绳子的一端绑在腰上, 另一端绕在树干上。 *With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于没有可以说话的人, 约翰感到很痛苦。 【即学活用】 (1)单句语法填空 ①When I passed by, I heard my mother __________ (whisper) something to my grandma. ②With so many people __________ (look) at her, the shy girl felt nervous. ③(2022·浙江高考) One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog__________(wander) on the road, clearly lost. ④The heavy rain left the streets ____________(reflect) the city lights like a mirror. (2)完成句子 ①别让孩子们独自在外面玩。 （keep） Don’t ______________________________alone. ②老师让学生们一整天都在做项目。（have） The teacher ________________________________________ all day. ③夕阳在山后缓缓落下，整个山谷都沐浴在金色的余晖中。(with复合结构) _______________________________________, the whole valley was bathed in a golden glow. ④微风拂过，让树叶在月光下轻轻摇曳起舞。(leave) The gentle breeze ___________________________softly in the moonlight. ⑤泪水顺着她的脸颊滚落，她轻声说了最后一句再见。(with复合结构) _____________________________________, she whispered a final goodbye. 二、动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式可以作状语, 在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随等。 动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首; 作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。 *After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition. 高中毕业后, 詹尼弗上了当地的一所技术学院, 半工半读。 *(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no reason others can’t look this good. 这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容, 并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好。 1. 动词-ing形式表示时间。 *Seeing students study hard (=When we saw students study hard), we all felt delighted. 看到学生们努力学习, 我们感到非常欣慰。 2. 动词-ing形式表示原因。 *Having missed the last bus (=As/Because he had missed the last bus), Wang Ming had to take a taxi home. 错过了末班车, 王明只好打车回家。 3. 动词-ing形式表示结果(自然而然、顺理成章的结果) *More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to get around. 中国建了很多高速公路, 这使人们出行变得更容易了。 4. 动词-ing形式表示条件。 *Improving his skills (=If he improves his skills), he will easily find a job. 如果提高了自己的技能, 他很容易就能找到工作。 5. 动词-ing形式表示让步。 *Accepting what she has said(=Although I accepted what she has said), I still think that she hasn’t tried her best. 尽管承认她所说的话, 但我仍然认为她没有尽她最大的努力。 6. 动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随或补充说明。 *Please do the experiment using another way. (方式)请用另一种方式做这个实验。 *The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talk, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here. (补充说明) 这位来访的部长表达了对这次会谈的认可, 他还补充说他此次来访很愉快。 *The sun rose slowly, painting the world in golden light.太阳缓缓升起，给世界披上了一层金色的光芒。(伴随) 三、动词-ing形式作状语的注意事项 1. 动词-ing形式的时态 动词-ing形式作状语时, 要注意分词的时间性, 是用动词-ing形式的一般式(doing)还是用完成式(having done)。 (1)当动词-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时, 用分词的一般式。 *Walking in the street, I met an old friend of mine. (walking与谓语动词met同时发生) 走在大街上时, 我遇到了一位老朋友。 (2)当动词-ing形式的动作先发生, 而谓语动词的动作后发生时, 用分词的完成式。 *Having lived in Beijing for many years, Carter knew the city well. (having lived是先发生, knew是后发生) 因为在北京住了多年, 卡特对这个城市很熟悉。 2. 动词-ing形式的否定式: not+v. -ing;not having+v. -ed *Not knowing the way, he got lost. 由于不认路, 他迷路了。 知识宽一度 独立主格结构 　　有时动词-ing形式有自己的逻辑主语, 这时其逻辑主语相对于句子的主语来说是独立的, 因此又叫独立主格结构, 其构成形式是“名词/代词+v. -ing”。 *Time permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 如果时间允许, 我们明天去拜访你。 *All students staring at her, Mary felt uneasy. 所有的学生都盯着她看, 玛丽感到不安。 3. 独立成分作状语 有些动词-ing形式作状语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在, 其形式的选择不受上下文的影响, 表明说话者的态度、观点等, 被称为评论性状语。常见的有: generally speaking一般来说;strictly speaking严格来说;considering. . . /taking. . . into consideration考虑到……;supposing假设, 如果;providing如果;assuming假使;judging from/by根据……来判断; *Judging from her reaction, she liked the birthday present. 从她的反应来看, 她喜欢这份生日礼物。 【即学活用】 (1)单句语法填空 ①_________________(finish) his work, the manager leaned back in the chair and stretched. ②(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20,________(plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. ③When ______________(teach) English, whether to children or adults, you have to be very creative to keep their interest. ④The weather ______________ (be) fine, we decided to go for a picnic. (2)完成句子 ①想到他们一起度过的温暖时光， 她热泪盈眶。(v-ing形式作状语) Tears filled her eyes, __________________________________. ②(读后续写之动作、情绪描写)他冲进房间, 脸上闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 (独立主格结构) He rushed into the room, ____________________________. ③因为知道自己错了， 他向妈妈道了歉。(v-ing形式作状语) __________________________________________________________. ④全面考虑起来，他的工作还是很成功的。(评论性状语) ___________________________ , his work is a successful one. 【语法要点微练】 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空(用-ing、-ed形式、to do、having done填空) 1. The children played in the garden, ______________(laugh) happily. 2. I heard someone ______________(knock) at the door just now. 3. ______________(see) from the top of the mountain, we can get a wonderful view of the city. 4.______________(see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more fantastic. 5. What she has told to us left us________(think) that she experienced much when she was young. 6. ______________(work) in several countries, the young man seems to have the experience we’re looking for. 7. With the task______________(finish), he went out to play basketball. 8. He found his house ______________ (break) into when he got back home. 9. I glanced around the classroom, only _________ (find) my classmates ________ (wear) big smiles on their faces, tears ________ (well)up in their eyes. 10.She took a deep breath _________ (calm) her nervous heart. 11.Everyone can feel more comfortable__________ (practise) their spoken English together. 12.We tried to identify different plants on campus, __________ (appreciate) their breathtaking beauty. Ⅱ. 语段填词 (用非谓语动词的正确形式完成短文) 　　You will find the Chinese people 1. ____________ (become) increasingly confident. And their confidence is not just about themselves, but also about the future of their country. 　　China has a history of over 5, 000 years. 2. ____________ (go) through trials and tribulations (磨砺和苦难), Chinese civilization has remained resilient(有韧性的). 　　Just 3. ____________ (look) at how we have created what the West took hundreds of years 4.___________(achieve) in just a few decades, we can say the Chinese people are intelligent. It has proved that we may start low but we could go very high. 5.____________ (have) countless Chinese people, China could always overcome the big challenges. So we could see Chinese people 6. ____________ (devote) their lives to 7._________ ( serve) the country and its people. And that’s really noble. 　　8.____________(face) the doubts and obstacles, China would not stop 9._________(move) forward, because we know we could only win the genuine respect when we become stronger. Ⅲ.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语在2025年高考一卷应用文中的运用 Dear Jenny, I really appreciate your suggestion of adding a new column to our English newspaper. Personally, I prefer to choose Fun at my school. ___________ (feature)a wealth of campus activities, this column will definitely catch students’ eye. We can post daily stories on the page, ___________ (show) students’ diverse talents and ___________ (make) our campus life more vibrant. We can also often see students ___________ (share) their interesting experiences in the column, which will create a good learning atmosphere. I hope we can launch it at an early date, ___________ (inspire) more students to engage in English reading and enjoy school life. Yours, Li Hua 尊敬的珍妮老师： 非常感谢你提议为我们的英文校报增设新栏目。就我个人而言，我更倾向于选择 “校园趣事” 这个栏目。 因为涵盖了丰富多彩的校园活动，这个栏目一定会吸引同学们的关注。我们可以在专栏刊登日常故事，既展现同学们的多样才华，又让校园生活更具活力。我们也常常看到同学们在专栏里分享自己的趣味经历,这会营造良好的英语学习氛围。 我希望我们能尽早开设这个栏目，激励更多同学参与英语阅读、享受校园生活。 此致 李华 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语 参考答案 一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 【即学活用】 (1)单句语法填空 ①When I passed by, I heard my mother whispering (whisper) something to my grandma. ②With so many people looking (look) at her, the shy girl felt nervous. ③(2022·浙江高考) One day, while driving near her home, she saw a dog wandering (wander) on the road, clearly lost. ④The heavy rain left the streets reflecting (reflect) the city lights like a mirror. (2)完成句子 ①别让孩子们独自在外面玩。 (keep) Don’t keep the children playing outside alone. ②老师让学生们一整天都在做项目。(have) The teacher had the students working on the project all day. ③夕阳在山后缓缓落下，整个山谷都沐浴在金色的余晖中。(with复合结构) With the sun setting behind the mountains, the whole valley was bathed in a golden glow. ④微风拂过，让树叶在月光下轻轻摇曳起舞。(leave) The gentle breeze left the leaves dancing softly in the moonlight. ⑤泪水顺着她的脸颊滚落，她轻声说了最后一句再见。(with复合结构) With tears rolling down her cheeks, she whispered a final goodbye. 二、动词-ing形式作状语 【即学活用】 (1)单句语法填空 ①Having finished (finish) his work, the manager leaned back in the chair and stretched. ②(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. ③When teaching (teach) English, whether to children or adults, you have to be very creative to keep their interest. ④The weather being (be) fine, we decided to go for a picnic. (2)完成句子 ①想到他们一起度过的温暖时光， 她热泪盈眶。(v-ing形式作状语) Thinking of the warm days they spent together, she was moved to tears. ②(读后续写之动作、情绪描写)他冲进房间, 脸上闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 He rushed into the room, his face shining with excitement. (独立主格结构) ③因为知道自己错了， 他向妈妈道了歉。(v-ing形式作状语) Knowing he was wrong, he said sorry to his mother. ④全面考虑起来，他的工作还是很成功的。(评论性状语) Taking all things into consideration , his work is a successful one. 【语法要点微练】 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空(用-ing、-ed形式、to do、having done填空) 1. The children played in the garden, laughing (laugh) happily. 2. I heard someone knocking (knock) at the door just now. 3. Seeing (see) from the top of the mountain, we can get a wonderful view of the city. 4. Seen (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more fantastic. 5. What she has told to us left us thinking(think) that she experienced much when she was young. 6. Having worked(work) in several countries, the young man seems to have the experience we’re looking for. 7. With the taskfinished(finish), he went out to play basketball. 8. He found his house broken (break) into when he got back home. 9. I glanced around the classroom, only to find (find) my classmates wearing (wear) big smiles on their faces, tears welling (well)up in their eyes. 10.She took a deep breath to calm (calm) her nervous heart. 11.Everyone can feel more comfortable practising (practise) their spoken English together. 12.We tried to identify different plants on campus, appreciating (appreciate) their breathtaking beauty. Ⅱ. 语段填词 　　You will find the Chinese people 1. becoming (become) increasingly confident. And their confidence is not just about themselves, but also about the future of their country. 　　China has a history of over 5, 000 years. 2. Having gone (go) through trials and tribulations(磨砺和苦难), Chinese civilization has remained resilient(有韧性的). 　　Just 3. looking (look) at how we have created what the West took hundreds of years 4.to achieve (achieve) in just a few decades, we can say the Chinese people are intelligent. It has proved that we may start low but we could go very high. 　　5. Having (have) countless Chinese people, China could always overcome the big challenges. So we could see Chinese people 6. devoting (devote) their lives to 7.serving (serve) the country and its people. And that’s really noble. 　　8. Facing (face) the doubts and obstacles, China would not stop 9.moving (move) forward, because we know we could only win the genuine respect when we become stronger. Ⅲ.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语在2025年高考一卷应用文中的运用 Dear Jenny, I really appreciate your suggestion of adding a new column to our English newspaper. Personally, I prefer to choose Fun at my school. Featuring (feature)a wealth of campus activities, this column will definitely catch students’ eye. We can post daily stories on the page, showing (show) students’ diverse talents and making (make) our campus life more vibrant. We can also often see students sharing (share) their interesting experiences in the column, which will create a good learning atmosphere. I hope we can launch it at an early date, inspiring (inspire) more students to engage in English reading and enjoy school life. Yours, Li Hua 尊敬的珍妮老师： 非常感谢你提议为我们的英文校报增设新栏目。就我个人而言，我更倾向于选择 “校园趣事” 这个栏目。 因为涵盖了丰富多彩的校园活动，这个栏目一定会吸引同学们的关注。我们可以在专栏刊登日常故事，既展现同学们的多样才华，又让校园生活更具活力。我们也常常看到同学们在专栏里分享自己的趣味经历,这会营造良好的英语学习氛围。 我希望我们能尽早开设这个栏目，激励更多同学参与英语阅读、享受校园生活。 此致 李华 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $