Unit 2 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing（导学案）（含思维提升训练）英语人教版必修第三册

人教版必修第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing（导学案） 1. 掌握谈论善良、责任及寓言故事的重点词汇、短语和核心句型，能熟练运用相关语言素材进行听、说、读、写活动。 √ 单词：kindness, chain, guest, waitress, pregnant, fable, king, stone, coin, responsibility, despair, effort 等 √ 短语：pay it forward, chain of love, in despair, make an attempt to do sth., succeed in doing sth., come across, push with all one's might √ 句型：I'm sure you've heard… / This stone is a danger to anyone who… / She succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. / It was a… day when… 2. 能听懂善良主题的广播节目，获取关键信息并完成听力答题；能运用相关词汇、连接词及正确时态，口语分享善良故事、讨论寓言寓意。 3. 掌握寓言故事的阅读方法，能梳理故事人物、经历、情感及反应，完成表格填写和相关讨论题。 4. 掌握评论文体结构，能按规范框架撰写寓言故事评论，运用v-ing形式作状语；能对同伴草稿反馈建议并修改自身草稿，提升书面表达能力。 一、基础词汇记忆 1. ________ /ˈkaɪndnəs/ n. 善良；仁慈 2. ________ /tʃeɪn/ n. 链条；一连串 3. ________ /ɡest/ n. 嘉宾；客人 4. ________ /ˈweɪtrəs/ n. 女服务员 → ________ /ˈweɪtə(r)/ n. 男服务员 5. ________ /ˈpreɡnənt/ adj. 怀孕的 6. ________ /ˈfeɪbl/ n. 寓言；寓言故事 7. ________ /kɪŋ/ n. 国王 → ________ /ˈkweɪn/ n. 女王 8. ________ /stəʊn/ n. 石头；石块 9. ________ /kɔɪn/ n. 硬币；钱币 10. ________ /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n. 责任；职责 → ________ /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 有责任的；负责的 11. ________ /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望 → ________ /dɪˈspeərət/ adj. 绝望的 12. ________ /ˈefət/ n. 努力；尽力 13. ________ /rɪˈspɒns/ n. 反应；回应 → ________ /rɪˈspɒnd/ v. 回应；作出反应 14. ________ /rɪˈvjuː/ n. 评论；复习 vt. 评论；复习 二、词块记忆 1. 传递善意 ___________ 2. 爱心链条 ___________ 3. 试图做某事 ___________ 4. 成功做某事 ___________ 5. 偶然遇到 ___________ 6. 竭尽全力 ___________ 7. 陷入绝望 ___________ 8. 伪装自己 ___________ 9. 寓言故事评论 ___________ 10. 书面反馈 ___________ 11. 修改草稿 ___________ 12. 分担责任 ___________ Part 1 Listening and Talking 【知识梳理1】chain /tʃeɪn/ n. 一连串(人或事);链子;链条 【常用搭配】 a chain of 一连串；一系列（后接复数名词） chain of love 爱心链条 a chain of events 一连串事件 a chain of shops 连锁商店 be in chains 被囚禁；被束缚 【即学即练】 1. There is a long chain of ____________(event)that led to the great change in our daily life. 2. The kind lady decided to continue the _______________ to pass warmth to more people around her. 3. A sudden storm started a _______________ that caused many problems for the local people. 4. 这家公司在全国拥有一连串的连锁商店，深受消费者的喜爱。 The company has _______________ across the country and is deeply loved by consumers. 5. 善良的人们用爱心编织成链条，帮助那些处于困境中的人摆脱困境。 Kind people weave _______________ with their kindness to help those in trouble get out of difficulty. 【知识梳理2】I'm sure you've heard the famous country music song “Chain of Love”. 我相信你已经听过那首著名的乡村音乐歌曲《爱心链条》。 【句式拓展】 I'm sure + (that) 从句 我相信……（that可省略） 【即学即练】 单句语法填空 1，I'm sure you've heard her ________(sing) the beautiful song in the music room.（考查hear的用法） 完成句子 2.我相信每个人都能通过小小的善举，传递温暖和善意。 I'm sure everyone can ________ ________ ________ ________ through small acts of kindness. 【知识梳理3】The song starts with a man who helps a lady whose car ________. 这首歌以一个男人帮助一位汽车出故障的女士开始。 【句式拓展】 who/whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a man和a lady，表“……的人”“某人的……” 【即学即练】 单句语法填空 Our English class usually starts with ________(read) a short passage aloud every morning.（考查start with的搭配） 完成句子 这个感人的故事以一个小女孩帮助一位迷路的老人开始。 This touching story ________ ________ a little girl who helps an old man ________ ________. 【知识梳理4】Finally we find out that he is the man who first started the chain of kindness! 最后我们发现，他就是第一个发起爱心链条的那个人！ 【句式拓展】 find out + (that) 从句 发现……；查明……（侧重通过努力查明事实） who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the man，表“做某事的人” 【即学即练】 单句语法填空 We soon find out that the kind boy ________(help) many people in trouble since last year.（考查时态） 完成句子 经过询问，我们发现她就是一直默默传递善意的那个人。 After asking, we ________ ________ that she is the person who has been ________ ________ ________ silently. Part 2 Reading for Writing 【知识梳理1】disguise /dɪsˈɡaɪz/ vt. 装扮;假扮;掩盖 n. 伪装;化装用具 【常用搭配】 disguise oneself as 把自己装扮成…… in disguise 伪装；乔装 disguise sth. (with sth.) 用某物掩盖某物 【即学即练】 1. The king disguised ____________(he) as a common man to learn about the life of his people. 2. The spy went into the enemy camp _______________disguise to get important information. 3. He tried to disguise his sadness______________a smile, but we all noticed it. 4. 为了不被认出来，那位明星把自己装扮成一名普通的游客。 To avoid being recognized, the star _______________ an ordinary tourist. 5. 他的友善只是伪装，其实心里根本不关心身边的人。 His kindness is just _______________; he doesn’t care about people around him at all. 【知识梳理2】spill /spɪl/ vt& vi. （使）洒出;（使）溢出（过去式/过去分词：spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled） 【常用搭配】 spill sth. on sth. 把某物洒在某物上 spill out 洒出；溢出；倾诉 spill over 溢出；蔓延 【即学即练】 1. The milkman _______________(spill) the milk on the ground when he crashed into the stone. 2. Her eyes were filled with tears, and they began to spill_______________ when she heard the sad news. 3. 那个小男孩不小心把果汁洒在了新买的衬衫上，很是着急。 The little boy accidentally _______________ his new shirt and felt very worried. 4. 杯子里的水太满了，一晃动就溢了出来。 The water in the cup was too full and _______________ when it was shaken. 【知识梳理3】trip over 被……绊倒（动词短语） 【常用搭配】 trip over sth. 被某物绊倒 trip over sb. 被某人绊倒 trip up 绊倒；使出错 【即学即练】 1. The old woman tripped _______________ a stone and hurt her leg when she walked on the street. 2. 那个提着水桶的妇女被路上的石头绊倒，水桶摔碎了。 The woman carrying a bucket _______________ and the bucket was broken. 3. 走路时不要看手机，否则很容易被路边的杂物绊倒。 Don’t look at your phone while walking, or you may easily _______________ by the roadside. 【知识梳理4】tear /tɪə(r)/ n. 眼泪;泪水 【常用搭配】 in tears 流泪；哭泣 burst into tears 突然大哭 hold back tears 忍住眼泪 wipe away tears 擦去眼泪 【即学即练】 1. The woman limped away in _______________(tear) after she tripped over the stone. 2. When she heard the good news, she could not help bursting_______________ tears . 3. He tried to hold _______________ tears when he said goodbye to his parents at the airport. 4. 看到自己努力的成果被否定，她忍不住流下了眼泪。 Seeing her efforts being denied, she couldn’t help _______________. 5. 那个小女孩抱着破碎的玩具，含泪走开了。 The little girl held her broken toy and walked away _______________. 【知识梳理5】harm /hɑːm/ n.＆vt. 伤害;损害 【常用搭配】 do harm to sb./sth. 对某人/某物造成伤害 be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/某物有害（harm的形容词形式：harmful） no harm done 没造成伤害；没关系 without harm 无害地 【即学即练】 1. The stone in the road may do harm______________ the passers-by if no one moves it. 2. Smoking is _______________(harm) to our health, so we should give it up. 3. 我们应该保护野生动物，不要做任何伤害它们的事情。 We should protect wild animals and not _______________. 4. 这种化学物质对环境有害，不能随意排放。 This chemical substance _______________ the environment and cannot be discharged at will. 【知识梳理6】despair /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望;绝望感 vi. 感到无望 【常用搭配】 in despair 处于绝望中 despair of sth./sb. 对某物/某人绝望 fall into despair 陷入绝望 【即学即练】 1. The king was ______________despair when he saw no one tried to move the stone. 2. He began to despair_______________himself after failing the exam several times. 3. 看到没有人愿意伸出援手，这位老人陷入了绝望。 Seeing no one was willing to help, the old man _______________. 4. 我们永远不要对自己的未来绝望，只要努力就有希望。 We should never _______________ our future; as long as we work hard, there is hope. 【知识梳理7】a great deal (of) 大量（短语） 【常用搭配】 a great deal 大量；非常（作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词） a great deal of + 不可数名词 大量的……（作定语，修饰不可数名词） 【即学即练】 1. 那个女孩付出了大量的努力，终于把石头移到了路边。 The girl spent _______________ and finally moved the stone to the side of the street. 2. 他在这个项目上投入了大量的时间和精力，取得了很大的进步。 He put _______________ into this project and made great progress. 【知识梳理8】Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems. 一个国家的人民如果只会抱怨、指望别人解决问题，就不会有好结果。 【句式拓展】 whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词a nation（可拓展至人/物），表“……的”，在从句中作定语。 【即学即练】 单句语法填空 1.We should help those students whose families ________(be) too poor to afford their school fees.完成句子 2.我们应该尊重那些默默付出、从不抱怨生活的人。 We should respect those people ________ and never complain about life. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. 我相信我们所有人都能在即将到来的考试中取得好成绩。 ________ all of us can get good grades in the coming exam. 2. 我相信你只要坚持努力，就一定能实现你的梦想。 I'm sure you will achieve your dream ________ you keep working hard. 3. 我认识那个昨天在图书馆帮助你的女孩。 I know the girl ________ you in the library yesterday. 4. 这就是我昨天跟你提起的那位老师，他的课非常有趣。 This is the teacher ________ I told you about yesterday. 5. 经过仔细调查，警察发现那个男人是无辜的。 After careful research, the police ________ the man was innocent. 一、阅读理解 A （河北廊坊市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末）CHICO, Calif. — The Gateway Science Museum at Chico State has received a big donation from the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund through the North Valley Community Foundation. The funding, totaling $37, 202 over two years, aims to improve the museum’s educational programs and exhibits for K-12 students and the public, including field-trip scholarships and bus money for underserved schools in Butte County. The funds will also help Chico State students who lead the museum’s hands-on, immersive learning experiences. The donation will also pay for the spring 2026 exhibit, Motion Mania, which explores the physics of roller coasters. The Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund, a new project started by the North Valley Community Foundation, continues the legacy of the Chico Science Fair. Although the traditional fair is no longer funded, the commitment to local youth science education remains strong. “We are a volunteer-run organization and have been working with a very small team for some time,” said Hilary Hassenzahl, former co-director. “This move under the North Valley Community Foundation honors the rich legacy by allowing available yearly funds to have the greatest positive impact to continue our ongoing mission to foster the love and understanding of science.” Hassenzahl continued, “We are excited about the programs that the Gateway Science Museum will be able to bring to our community.” “As our partnership with the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund evolves (逐步发展), we remain committed to stewarding these funds in a way that improves and expands science education for regional students and lifelong learners,” said Gateway Executive Director Adrienne McGraw. “We are pleased to honor the original intentions of the Chico Science Fair founders and supporters by expanding science literacy for students.” For more information about the Gateway Science Museum, its exhibits, and educational programs, please visit the Gateway Science Museum website. 1．The donation will be used for the following purposes except _________. A．covering poor schools’ field trip transport B．supporting students’ museum hands-on learning C．funding the decoration of the museum D．finance “Motion Mania” exhibit 2．What can be inferred from what Adrienne McGraw said? A．McGraw sees Chico Science Fair as a competitor. B．McGraw aims to carry forward the museum’s original goals. C．McGraw plans to rebuild the museum with donated funds. D．McGraw thinks the museum’s original intentions outdated. 3．What does the underlined word “stewarding” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Managing responsibly. B．Making financial profit from. C．Giving out immediately. D．Donating to other organizations. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A newspaper. B．A science magazine. C．A school poster. D．A tourist brochure. B （福建漳州市2025-2026学年(上)期末高中教学质量检测）Jane Goodall’s research on chimpanzees (黑猩猩) redefined what it meant to be human. She offers a perfect example of how to change the world for the better without becoming negative, or narrow-minded. Her life journey is truly inspiring. As a little girl in the 1930s England, she was amazed at the animals in her backyard. Later, her pioneering research on chimpanzees in Tanzania challenged the way people defined (下定义) what it meant to be human. Goodall’s observations in the forests of Gombe, Tanzania, showed that the most successful chimp leaders were gentle and caring. She also made a pioneering discovery: chimpanzees use tools. Until then, scientists believed only humans could use tools. This discovery caused anthropologist (人类学家) Louis Leakey to declare, “Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man, or accept chimpanzees as human.” Goodall wasn’t formally trained in science when she began her work, but Leakey chose her for that very reason. He believed an open mind was extremely important and necessary for breakthrough discoveries and held the view that the formal training sometimes limited creativity. He also thought women might be more patient and observant than men — a belief Goodall proved right. She treated animals as individuals with emotions, gave them names rather than numbers, and described their communities as being almost tribal (部落). Goodall was also a storyteller. She believed in the power of stories to help people understand animals and nature. Through the Jane Goodall Institute, she started Roots & Shoots, which teaches children how to help animals and the environment. One of her most powerful lessons is this: “The greatest danger to our future is our apathy. That’s to say, each one of us must take responsibility for our own lives, and above all, show respect and love for living things around us, especially each other.” Goodall’s warmth, and love for animals always made her a role model for the world. 5．What challenged people’s understanding of human? A．Goodall’s story. B．Chimps’ using tools. C．Chimps’ leading ability. D．Goodall’s observations. 6．What mainly caused Leakey to choose Goodall? A．Her open mind. B．Her high degree. C．Her good patience. D．Her rich training. 7．What does the underlined word “apathy” probably mean in paragraph 4? A．A strong desire. B．An absence of concern. C．A failure to make decisions. D．A feeling of self-confidence. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Proof of Redefining Human B．A Storyteller of Animal Protection C．A Pioneer in Chimpanzee Research D．A Project for Chimpanzee Research C （福建三明市2025-2026学年第一学期普通高中期末质量检测）On a Thursday evening in March, Ekiben Restaurant in Baltimore got an e-mail order for broccoli (西兰花) with fresh herbs. But there was a special reason behind the order. Brandon Jones, who sent the e-mail, explained that he was hoping to get the recipe (食谱) to make it for his mother, who was now in the final stages of lung cancer at her home in Vermont. Steve Chu, a co-owner of the restaurant, replied quickly. Instead of giving the recipe, he offered to go to Vermont to cook the dish fresh. Brandon was shocked. He reminded Steve that Vermont was far away, but Steve said it was no problem as long as he got the date and place. The next Friday after work, Steve, with his partners, drove to Vermont with a hot plate and cooking supplies. As soon as the team pulled into the parking lot, they got to work. They pulled down the gate of the truck, hooked the hot plate to the truck’s electricity, and started cooking. In addition to broccoli, they also made tofu and some steamed rice. After boxing everything up, they knocked on the door. “My mom, who had visited Baltimore every year for six years, recognized Steve immediately,” Brandon said, “She kept saying, ‘You drove all the way up here to cook for me?’” The Joneses invited Steve and his team to join them for dinner, but they needed to get back to Baltimore. Steve also wouldn’t accept any money from the family. “It was an honor to help realize the family’s wishes,” Steve said. “There was a lot of good, positive energy in doing this.” Brandon was happy that his mother was able to enjoy her beloved broccoli with a side order of impressive kindness one last time. “I’ll carry that kindness with me always,” Brandon said. 9．What’s mentioned in the e-mail? A．A cancer report. B．A cooking skill. C．A wish. D．An invitation. 10．What does the underlined word “hooked” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Connected. B．Added. C．Carried. D．Referred. 11．How did Brandon’s mother feel at Steve Chu’s act? A．Confused. B．Annoyed. C．Disappointed. D．Unbelievable. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Kindness, Delivered B．Wish, Understood C．An Unforgettable Dinner D．A Heartwarming Recipe 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share your stories and opinions about morals and virtues. 1. Think of one kind of moral virtue you know and describe what it means in daily life. 2. Prepare a short presentation to share your feelings about this virtue and then practice with your partner. 3. Talk about one thing you did to show this virtue and explain why you did it. 三、思维提升-书面表达 结合你读的《THE STONE IN THE ROAD》故事，根据所学的寓言故事特点，写一篇关于你自己的品德成长经历短文，要求贴合故事主题，融入真实感受，运用文本中的相关单词或短语。 内容如下： ① 清晰介绍事情的基本信息（时间、地点、经过等）； ② 详细描述你的做法和自己的所见所感，参考故事para1—8的结构和写法仿写。 二选一 1. 请写一篇简短的个人经历短文（不少于5句话），要求至少用上文章中的5个单词或短语（如 stone, road, complain, move, responsibility, gold, effort, surprised 等）。 2. 请写一篇完整的经历短文，要求结构完整（开头交代事情、中间描述做法、结尾总结感悟），细节丰富，情感真实，运用文本中的句式和短语。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版必修第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing（导学案） 1. 掌握谈论善良、责任及寓言故事的重点词汇、短语和核心句型，能熟练运用相关语言素材进行听、说、读、写活动。 √ 单词：kindness, chain, guest, waitress, pregnant, fable, king, stone, coin, responsibility, despair, effort 等 √ 短语：pay it forward, chain of love, in despair, make an attempt to do sth., succeed in doing sth., come across, push with all one's might √ 句型：I'm sure you've heard… / This stone is a danger to anyone who… / She succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. / It was a… day when… 2. 能听懂善良主题的广播节目，获取关键信息并完成听力答题；能运用相关词汇、连接词及正确时态，口语分享善良故事、讨论寓言寓意。 3. 掌握寓言故事的阅读方法，能梳理故事人物、经历、情感及反应，完成表格填写和相关讨论题。 4. 掌握评论文体结构，能按规范框架撰写寓言故事评论，运用v-ing形式作状语；能对同伴草稿反馈建议并修改自身草稿，提升书面表达能力。 一、基础词汇记忆 1. ________ /ˈkaɪndnəs/ n. 善良；仁慈 2. ________ /tʃeɪn/ n. 链条；一连串 3. ________ /ɡest/ n. 嘉宾；客人 4. ________ /ˈweɪtrəs/ n. 女服务员 → ________ /ˈweɪtə(r)/ n. 男服务员 5. ________ /ˈpreɡnənt/ adj. 怀孕的 6. ________ /ˈfeɪbl/ n. 寓言；寓言故事 7. ________ /kɪŋ/ n. 国王 → ________ /ˈkweɪn/ n. 女王 8. ________ /stəʊn/ n. 石头；石块 9. ________ /kɔɪn/ n. 硬币；钱币 10. ________ /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n. 责任；职责 → ________ /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 有责任的；负责的 11. ________ /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望 → ________ /dɪˈspeərət/ adj. 绝望的 12. ________ /ˈefət/ n. 努力；尽力 13. ________ /rɪˈspɒns/ n. 反应；回应 → ________ /rɪˈspɒnd/ v. 回应；作出反应 14. ________ /rɪˈvjuː/ n. 评论；复习 vt. 评论；复习 【答案】 1. kindness 2. chain 3. guest 4. waitress; waiter 5. pregnant 6. fable 7. king; queen 8. stone 9. coin 10. responsibility; responsible 11. despair; desperate 12. effort 13. response; respond 14. review 二、词块记忆 1. 传递善意 ___________ 2. 爱心链条 ___________ 3. 试图做某事 ___________ 4. 成功做某事 ___________ 5. 偶然遇到 ___________ 6. 竭尽全力 ___________ 7. 陷入绝望 ___________ 8. 伪装自己 ___________ 9. 寓言故事评论 ___________ 10. 书面反馈 ___________ 11. 修改草稿 ___________ 12. 分担责任 ___________ 【答案】 1. pay it forward 2. chain of love 3. make an attempt to do sth. 4. succeed in doing sth. 5. come across 6. push with all one's might 7. be in despair 8. disguise oneself 9. a review of the fable 10. written feedback 11. revise the draft 12. share the responsibility Part 1 Listening and Talking 【知识梳理1】chain /tʃeɪn/ n. 一连串(人或事);链子;链条 【常用搭配】 a chain of 一连串；一系列（后接复数名词） chain of love 爱心链条 a chain of events 一连串事件 a chain of shops 连锁商店 be in chains 被囚禁；被束缚 【即学即练】 1. There is a long chain of ____________(event)that led to the great change in our daily life. 2. The kind lady decided to continue the _______________ to pass warmth to more people around her. 3. A sudden storm started a _______________ that caused many problems for the local people. 4. 这家公司在全国拥有一连串的连锁商店，深受消费者的喜爱。 The company has _______________ across the country and is deeply loved by consumers. 5. 善良的人们用爱心编织成链条，帮助那些处于困境中的人摆脱困境。 Kind people weave _______________ with their kindness to help those in trouble get out of difficulty. 【答案】 1. events 2. chain of love 3. chain of problems 4. a chain of shops 5. a chain of love 【知识梳理2】I'm sure you've heard the famous country music song “Chain of Love”. 我相信你已经听过那首著名的乡村音乐歌曲《爱心链条》。 【句式拓展】 I'm sure + (that) 从句 我相信……（that可省略） 【即学即练】 单句语法填空 I'm sure you've heard her ________(sing) the beautiful song in the music room.（考查hear的用法） 完成句子 我相信每个人都能通过小小的善举，传递温暖和善意。 I'm sure everyone can ________ ________ ________ ________ through small acts of kindness. 【答案】 singing pass warmth and kindness 【知识梳理3】The song starts with a man who helps a lady whose car ________. 这首歌以一个男人帮助一位汽车出故障的女士开始。 【句式拓展】 who/whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a man和a lady，表“……的人”“某人的……” 【即学即练】 单句语法填空 Our English class usually starts with ________(read) a short passage aloud every morning.（考查start with的搭配） 完成句子 这个感人的故事以一个小女孩帮助一位迷路的老人开始。 This touching story ________ ________ a little girl who helps an old man ________ ________. 【答案】 reading starts with; who is lost 【知识梳理4】Finally we find out that he is the man who first started the chain of kindness! 最后我们发现，他就是第一个发起爱心链条的那个人！ 【句式拓展】 find out + (that) 从句 发现……；查明……（侧重通过努力查明事实） who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the man，表“做某事的人” 【即学即练】 单句语法填空 We soon find out that the kind boy ________(help) many people in trouble since last year.（考查时态） 完成句子 经过询问，我们发现她就是一直默默传递善意的那个人。 After asking, we ________ ________ that she is the person who has been ________ ________ ________ silently. 【答案】 has helped find out; passing kindness on Part 2 Reading for Writing 【知识梳理1】disguise /dɪsˈɡaɪz/ vt. 装扮;假扮;掩盖 n. 伪装;化装用具 【常用搭配】 disguise oneself as 把自己装扮成…… in disguise 伪装；乔装 disguise sth. (with sth.) 用某物掩盖某物 【即学即练】 1. The king disguised ____________(he) as a common man to learn about the life of his people. 2. The spy went into the enemy camp _______________disguise to get important information. 3. He tried to disguise his sadness______________a smile, but we all noticed it. 4. 为了不被认出来，那位明星把自己装扮成一名普通的游客。 To avoid being recognized, the star _______________ an ordinary tourist. 5. 他的友善只是伪装，其实心里根本不关心身边的人。 His kindness is just _______________; he doesn’t care about people around him at all. 【答案】 1. himself 2. in 3. with 4. disguised himself as 5. a disguise 【知识梳理2】spill /spɪl/ vt& vi. （使）洒出;（使）溢出（过去式/过去分词：spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled） 【常用搭配】 spill sth. on sth. 把某物洒在某物上 spill out 洒出；溢出；倾诉 spill over 溢出；蔓延 【即学即练】 1. The milkman _______________(spill) the milk on the ground when he crashed into the stone. 2. Her eyes were filled with tears, and they began to spill_______________ when she heard the sad news. 3. 那个小男孩不小心把果汁洒在了新买的衬衫上，很是着急。 The little boy accidentally _______________ his new shirt and felt very worried. 4. 杯子里的水太满了，一晃动就溢了出来。 The water in the cup was too full and _______________ when it was shaken. 【答案】 1. spilt/spilled 2. out 3. spilled the juice on 4. spilled over 【知识梳理3】trip over 被……绊倒（动词短语） 【常用搭配】 trip over sth. 被某物绊倒 trip over sb. 被某人绊倒 trip up 绊倒；使出错 【即学即练】 1. The old woman tripped _______________ a stone and hurt her leg when she walked on the street. 2. 那个提着水桶的妇女被路上的石头绊倒，水桶摔碎了。 The woman carrying a bucket _______________ and the bucket was broken. 3. 走路时不要看手机，否则很容易被路边的杂物绊倒。 Don’t look at your phone while walking, or you may easily _______________ by the roadside. 【答案】 1. over 2. tripped over the stone 3. trip over the rubbish 【知识梳理4】tear /tɪə(r)/ n. 眼泪;泪水 【常用搭配】 in tears 流泪；哭泣 burst into tears 突然大哭 hold back tears 忍住眼泪 wipe away tears 擦去眼泪 【即学即练】 1. The woman limped away in _______________(tear) after she tripped over the stone. 2. When she heard the good news, she could not help bursting_______________ tears . 3. He tried to hold _______________ tears when he said goodbye to his parents at the airport. 4. 看到自己努力的成果被否定，她忍不住流下了眼泪。 Seeing her efforts being denied, she couldn’t help _______________. 5. 那个小女孩抱着破碎的玩具，含泪走开了。 The little girl held her broken toy and walked away _______________. 【答案】 1. tears 2. into 3. back 4. shedding tears 5. in tears 【知识梳理5】harm /hɑːm/ n.＆vt. 伤害;损害 【常用搭配】 do harm to sb./sth. 对某人/某物造成伤害 be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/某物有害（harm的形容词形式：harmful） no harm done 没造成伤害；没关系 without harm 无害地 【即学即练】 1. The stone in the road may do harm______________ the passers-by if no one moves it. 2. Smoking is _______________(harm) to our health, so we should give it up. 3. 我们应该保护野生动物，不要做任何伤害它们的事情。 We should protect wild animals and not _______________. 4. 这种化学物质对环境有害，不能随意排放。 This chemical substance _______________ the environment and cannot be discharged at will. 【答案】 1. to 2. harmful 4. do any harm to them 5. is harmful to 【知识梳理6】despair /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望;绝望感 vi. 感到无望 【常用搭配】 in despair 处于绝望中 despair of sth./sb. 对某物/某人绝望 fall into despair 陷入绝望 【即学即练】 1. The king was ______________despair when he saw no one tried to move the stone. 2. He began to despair_______________himself after failing the exam several times. 3. 看到没有人愿意伸出援手，这位老人陷入了绝望。 Seeing no one was willing to help, the old man _______________. 4. 我们永远不要对自己的未来绝望，只要努力就有希望。 We should never _______________ our future; as long as we work hard, there is hope. 【答案】 1.in 2. of 4. fell into despair 5. despair of 【知识梳理7】a great deal (of) 大量（短语） 【常用搭配】 a great deal 大量；非常（作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词） a great deal of + 不可数名词 大量的……（作定语，修饰不可数名词） 【即学即练】 1. 那个女孩付出了大量的努力，终于把石头移到了路边。 The girl spent _______________ and finally moved the stone to the side of the street. 2. 他在这个项目上投入了大量的时间和精力，取得了很大的进步。 He put _______________ into this project and made great progress. 【答案】 1. a great deal of effort 2. a great deal of time and effort 【知识梳理8】Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems. 一个国家的人民如果只会抱怨、指望别人解决问题，就不会有好结果。 【句式拓展】 whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词a nation（可拓展至人/物），表“……的”，在从句中作定语。 【即学即练】 单句语法填空 1.We should help those students whose families ________(be) too poor to afford their school fees.完成句子 2.我们应该尊重那些默默付出、从不抱怨生活的人。 We should respect those people ________ and never complain about life. 【答案】 are who give silently 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. 我相信我们所有人都能在即将到来的考试中取得好成绩。 ________ all of us can get good grades in the coming exam. 2. 我相信你只要坚持努力，就一定能实现你的梦想。 I'm sure you will achieve your dream ________ you keep working hard. 3. 我认识那个昨天在图书馆帮助你的女孩。 I know the girl ________ you in the library yesterday. 4. 这就是我昨天跟你提起的那位老师，他的课非常有趣。 This is the teacher ________ I told you about yesterday. 5. 经过仔细调查，警察发现那个男人是无辜的。 After careful research, the police ________ the man was innocent. 【答案】 1.I'm sure that 2. as long as 3. who helped 4. whose class is very interesting 5. found out that 一、阅读理解 A （河北廊坊市2025-2026学年高一上学期期末）CHICO, Calif. — The Gateway Science Museum at Chico State has received a big donation from the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund through the North Valley Community Foundation. The funding, totaling $37, 202 over two years, aims to improve the museum’s educational programs and exhibits for K-12 students and the public, including field-trip scholarships and bus money for underserved schools in Butte County. The funds will also help Chico State students who lead the museum’s hands-on, immersive learning experiences. The donation will also pay for the spring 2026 exhibit, Motion Mania, which explores the physics of roller coasters. The Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund, a new project started by the North Valley Community Foundation, continues the legacy of the Chico Science Fair. Although the traditional fair is no longer funded, the commitment to local youth science education remains strong. “We are a volunteer-run organization and have been working with a very small team for some time,” said Hilary Hassenzahl, former co-director. “This move under the North Valley Community Foundation honors the rich legacy by allowing available yearly funds to have the greatest positive impact to continue our ongoing mission to foster the love and understanding of science.” Hassenzahl continued, “We are excited about the programs that the Gateway Science Museum will be able to bring to our community.” “As our partnership with the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund evolves (逐步发展), we remain committed to stewarding these funds in a way that improves and expands science education for regional students and lifelong learners,” said Gateway Executive Director Adrienne McGraw. “We are pleased to honor the original intentions of the Chico Science Fair founders and supporters by expanding science literacy for students.” For more information about the Gateway Science Museum, its exhibits, and educational programs, please visit the Gateway Science Museum website. 1．The donation will be used for the following purposes except _________. A．covering poor schools’ field trip transport B．supporting students’ museum hands-on learning C．funding the decoration of the museum D．finance “Motion Mania” exhibit 2．What can be inferred from what Adrienne McGraw said? A．McGraw sees Chico Science Fair as a competitor. B．McGraw aims to carry forward the museum’s original goals. C．McGraw plans to rebuild the museum with donated funds. D．McGraw thinks the museum’s original intentions outdated. 3．What does the underlined word “stewarding” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Managing responsibly. B．Making financial profit from. C．Giving out immediately. D．Donating to other organizations. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A newspaper. B．A science magazine. C．A school poster. D．A tourist brochure. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了奇科州立大学Gateway科学博物馆获得了一笔大额捐赠，该捐赠将用于改善博物馆的教育项目和展览，以及支持相关学生活动。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The funding, totaling $37, 202 over two years, aims to improve the museum’s educational programs and exhibits for K-12 students and the public, including field-trip scholarships and bus money for underserved schools in Butte County. The funds will also help Chico State students who lead the museum’s hands-on, immersive learning experiences. The donation will also pay for the spring 2026 exhibit, Motion Mania, which explores the physics of roller coasters. (这笔资金总额为37202美元，为期两年，旨在改善博物馆为K-12学生和公众提供的教育项目和展览，包括为巴特县服务不足的学校提供实地考察奖学金和交通费。这些资金还将帮助奇科州立大学的学生，他们领导博物馆的实践、沉浸式学习体验。这笔捐款还将用于支付2026年春季展览“Motion Mania”的费用，该展览将探索过山车的物理原理。)”可知，捐赠资金将用于改善教育项目和展览、提供实地考察奖学金和交通费、支持学生的实践学习体验以及支付特定展览的费用，没有提到用于博物馆的装饰。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段中“We are pleased to honor the original intentions of the Chico Science Fair founders and supporters by expanding science literacy for students. (我们很高兴通过提高学生的科学素养来尊重奇科科学博览会创始人和支持者的初衷。)”可知，Adrienne McGraw的话表明她致力于延续博物馆的初衷，即提高学生的科学素养。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“As our partnership with the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund evolves (逐步发展), we remain committed to stewarding these funds in a way that improves and expands science education for regional students and lifelong learners (随着我们与儿童科学教育捐赠基金的合作关系不断发展，我们仍然致力于以一种改善和扩大地区学生和终身学习者科学教育的方式来stewarding这些资金)”可知，此处是描述使用这笔资金的方式，指“管理”这些资金，结合选项可知，A项“Managing responsibly. (负责任地管理)”解释了该词的含义。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“CHICO, Calif. — The Gateway Science Museum at Chico State has received a big donation from the Children’s Science Education Endowment Fund through the North Valley Community Foundation. (加利福尼亚州奇科——奇科州立大学的Gateway科学博物馆通过北谷社区基金会从儿童科学教育捐赠基金获得了一笔大额捐赠。)”以及全文内容可知，本文报道了奇科州立大学Gateway科学博物馆获得捐赠的新闻，因此最可能来源于报纸。故选A项。 B （福建漳州市2025-2026学年(上)期末高中教学质量检测）Jane Goodall’s research on chimpanzees (黑猩猩) redefined what it meant to be human. She offers a perfect example of how to change the world for the better without becoming negative, or narrow-minded. Her life journey is truly inspiring. As a little girl in the 1930s England, she was amazed at the animals in her backyard. Later, her pioneering research on chimpanzees in Tanzania challenged the way people defined (下定义) what it meant to be human. Goodall’s observations in the forests of Gombe, Tanzania, showed that the most successful chimp leaders were gentle and caring. She also made a pioneering discovery: chimpanzees use tools. Until then, scientists believed only humans could use tools. This discovery caused anthropologist (人类学家) Louis Leakey to declare, “Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man, or accept chimpanzees as human.” Goodall wasn’t formally trained in science when she began her work, but Leakey chose her for that very reason. He believed an open mind was extremely important and necessary for breakthrough discoveries and held the view that the formal training sometimes limited creativity. He also thought women might be more patient and observant than men — a belief Goodall proved right. She treated animals as individuals with emotions, gave them names rather than numbers, and described their communities as being almost tribal (部落). Goodall was also a storyteller. She believed in the power of stories to help people understand animals and nature. Through the Jane Goodall Institute, she started Roots & Shoots, which teaches children how to help animals and the environment. One of her most powerful lessons is this: “The greatest danger to our future is our apathy. That’s to say, each one of us must take responsibility for our own lives, and above all, show respect and love for living things around us, especially each other.” Goodall’s warmth, and love for animals always made her a role model for the world. 5．What challenged people’s understanding of human? A．Goodall’s story. B．Chimps’ using tools. C．Chimps’ leading ability. D．Goodall’s observations. 6．What mainly caused Leakey to choose Goodall? A．Her open mind. B．Her high degree. C．Her good patience. D．Her rich training. 7．What does the underlined word “apathy” probably mean in paragraph 4? A．A strong desire. B．An absence of concern. C．A failure to make decisions. D．A feeling of self-confidence. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Proof of Redefining Human B．A Storyteller of Animal Protection C．A Pioneer in Chimpanzee Research D．A Project for Chimpanzee Research 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍珍·古道尔在黑猩猩研究方面的开创性贡献、研究特点，以及她为动物保护和环境所做的努力，展现其榜样力量。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She also made a pioneering discovery: chimpanzees use tools. Until then, scientists believed only humans could use tools. This discovery caused anthropologist Louis Leakey to declare, “Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man, or accept chimpanzees as human.” (她还做出了一项开创性的发现：黑猩猩会使用工具。在此之前，科学家们认为只有人类会使用工具。这一发现让人类学家路易斯·利基宣称：“现在我们必须重新定义工具，重新定义人类，或者接受黑猩猩也是人类。”)”可知，黑猩猩会使用工具这一发现，挑战了人们对人类的理解。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Goodall wasn’t formally trained in science when she began her work, but Leakey chose her for that very reason. He believed an open mind was extremely important and necessary for breakthrough discoveries and held the view that the formal training sometimes limited creativity. (古道尔开始工作时并没有接受过正规的科学训练，但利基正是因为这个原因选择了她。他认为，开放的心态对于突破性发现至关重要且必不可少，并认为正规训练有时会限制创造力。)”可知，利基选择古道尔的主要原因是她拥有开放的心态。故选A项。 7．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“That’s to say, each one of us must take responsibility for our own lives, and above all, show respect and love for living things around us, especially each other. (也就是说，我们每个人都必须对自己的生活负责，最重要的是，要尊重和热爱我们周围的生物，尤其是彼此。)”可知，古道尔认为我们需要有责任感、懂得尊重和热爱，由此可推断，前文提到的“对未来最大的危险”应是与“负责、关爱”相反的态度，即“冷漠、不关心”。因此猜测apathy意为“冷漠、缺乏关心”。故选B项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第二段中的“She also made a pioneering discovery: chimpanzees use tools. Until then, scientists believed only humans could use tools. This discovery caused anthropologist Louis Leakey to declare, “Now we must redefine tool, redefine Man, or accept chimpanzees as human.” (她还做出了一项开创性的发现：黑猩猩会使用工具。在此之前，科学家们认为只有人类会使用工具。这一发现让人类学家路易斯·利基宣称：“现在我们必须重新定义工具，重新定义人类，或者接受黑猩猩也是人类。”)”可知，文章主要围绕珍·古道尔展开，重点介绍了她在坦桑尼亚贡贝森林对黑猩猩进行的开创性研究——发现黑猩猩会使用工具、研究黑猩猩的领导特质，以及她未接受正规训练却凭借开放心态取得突破性成果，展现了她在黑猩猩研究领域的先驱地位。因此C项“大猩猩研究领域的先驱”可作为本文的最佳标题。故选C项。 C （福建三明市2025-2026学年第一学期普通高中期末质量检测）On a Thursday evening in March, Ekiben Restaurant in Baltimore got an e-mail order for broccoli (西兰花) with fresh herbs. But there was a special reason behind the order. Brandon Jones, who sent the e-mail, explained that he was hoping to get the recipe (食谱) to make it for his mother, who was now in the final stages of lung cancer at her home in Vermont. Steve Chu, a co-owner of the restaurant, replied quickly. Instead of giving the recipe, he offered to go to Vermont to cook the dish fresh. Brandon was shocked. He reminded Steve that Vermont was far away, but Steve said it was no problem as long as he got the date and place. The next Friday after work, Steve, with his partners, drove to Vermont with a hot plate and cooking supplies. As soon as the team pulled into the parking lot, they got to work. They pulled down the gate of the truck, hooked the hot plate to the truck’s electricity, and started cooking. In addition to broccoli, they also made tofu and some steamed rice. After boxing everything up, they knocked on the door. “My mom, who had visited Baltimore every year for six years, recognized Steve immediately,” Brandon said, “She kept saying, ‘You drove all the way up here to cook for me?’” The Joneses invited Steve and his team to join them for dinner, but they needed to get back to Baltimore. Steve also wouldn’t accept any money from the family. “It was an honor to help realize the family’s wishes,” Steve said. “There was a lot of good, positive energy in doing this.” Brandon was happy that his mother was able to enjoy her beloved broccoli with a side order of impressive kindness one last time. “I’ll carry that kindness with me always,” Brandon said. 9．What’s mentioned in the e-mail? A．A cancer report. B．A cooking skill. C．A wish. D．An invitation. 10．What does the underlined word “hooked” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Connected. B．Added. C．Carried. D．Referred. 11．How did Brandon’s mother feel at Steve Chu’s act? A．Confused. B．Annoyed. C．Disappointed. D．Unbelievable. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Kindness, Delivered B．Wish, Understood C．An Unforgettable Dinner D．A Heartwarming Recipe 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．D 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴尔的摩Ekiben餐厅收到Brandon Jones的电子邮件订单，他希望得到西兰花鲜香草的食谱为患肺癌晚期的母亲制作这道菜，餐厅老板Steve Chu没有给食谱，而是亲自驱车前往佛蒙特州为其母亲烹制这道菜，展现了温暖人心的善意。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Brandon Jones, who sent the e-mail, explained that he was hoping to get the recipe (食谱) to make it for his mother, who was now in the final stages of lung cancer at her home in Vermont.(发邮件的Brandon Jones解释说，他希望得到这个食谱，为他在佛蒙特州家中处于肺癌晚期的母亲制作这道菜)”可知，邮件里提到了一个愿望。故选C项。 10．词句猜测题。根据第三段“They pulled down the gate of the truck, hooked the hot plate to the truck’s electricity, and started cooking.(他们放下卡车的门，把加热板hooked卡车的电源，然后开始做饭)”可知，要使用加热板做饭需要将其连接到电源上，“hooked”意思是“连接”。故选A项。 11．推理判断题。根据第四段““My mom, who had visited Baltimore every year for six years, recognized Steve immediately,” Brandon said, “She kept saying, ‘You drove all the way up here to cook for me?’”(Brandon说：“我妈妈六年来每年都会去巴尔的摩，她立刻认出了Steve。她不停地说：“你大老远开车到这儿来给我做饭？”)”可推知，Brandon的母亲对Steve Chu的行为感到难以置信。故选D项。 12．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了巴尔的摩Ekiben餐厅收到Brandon Jones的电子邮件订单，他希望得到西兰花鲜香草的食谱为患肺癌晚期的母亲制作这道菜，餐厅老板Steve Chu没有给食谱，而是亲自驱车前往佛蒙特州为其母亲烹制这道菜，展现了温暖人心的善意。由此可知，A选项“善意，送达”能准确概括文章内容，为最佳标题。故选A项。 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share your stories and opinions about morals and virtues. 1. Think of one kind of moral virtue you know and describe what it means in daily life. 2. Prepare a short presentation to share your feelings about this virtue and then practice with your partner. 3. Talk about one thing you did to show this virtue and explain why you did it. 【答案】 1. The moral virtue I know is honesty. It means telling the truth, not lying to others, not cheating in exams, and keeping promises to people around us. 2. (Short presentation) I want to share my opinion about honesty with you. Honesty is a very important virtue. It helps us make true friends and win trust from others. When we are honest, we feel calm and confident. I believe honesty can make the world a better and warmer place. 3. Once I found a wallet on the playground. I gave it to my teacher at once. I did this because I think honesty is the right thing to do. It makes me feel happy and proud to be an honest student. 三、思维提升-书面表达 结合你读的《THE STONE IN THE ROAD》故事，根据所学的寓言故事特点，写一篇关于你自己的品德成长经历短文，要求贴合故事主题，融入真实感受，运用文本中的相关单词或短语。 内容如下： ① 清晰介绍事情的基本信息（时间、地点、经过等）； ② 详细描述你的做法和自己的所见所感，参考故事para1—8的结构和写法仿写。 二选一 1. 请写一篇简短的个人经历短文（不少于5句话），要求至少用上文章中的5个单词或短语（如 stone, road, complain, move, responsibility, gold, effort, surprised 等）。 2. 请写一篇完整的经历短文，要求结构完整（开头交代事情、中间描述做法、结尾总结感悟），细节丰富，情感真实，运用文本中的句式和短语。 1.【参考答案】 My Unforgettable Experience One day, I saw a big stone in the middle of the road. Many people just complained but no one moved it. I thought it was dangerous and felt responsible to help others. I tried my best to move the stone with great effort. I felt very happy and learned that taking responsibility is more important than complaining. 2.【参考范文】 My Lesson on Responsibility One day, I saw a large stone in the middle of the road on my way home. Many people passed by, some tripped over it and just complained loudly, but nobody tried to move it. I thought the stone was a big danger to others, especially after dark. So I decided to move it out of the way. I pushed with all my might and finally succeeded after a lot of effort. I learned a lot from this small thing. Taking responsibility and helping others is really important. It makes me a better person and brings me true happiness. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $