内容正文:
Unit 8 Lesson 3 Secondary disasters教学设计
科目
英语
年级
八年级下册
课时安排
1课时
核心素养目标
语言能力:掌握次生灾害相关词汇(secondary, landslide, tsunami, radioactivity等),理解复合词、派生词构词规则,能完成句子排序、词形填空,用英语描述灾害连锁反应。
文化意识:了解日本311大地震的次生灾害案例,树立全球防灾减灾意识,理解灾害应对的人类共同责任。
思维品质:能梳理灾害连锁反应的逻辑顺序,提升信息排序、逻辑推理能力;通过构词法学习,提升词汇学习的归纳思维。
学习能力:通过阅读、合作、构词法练习,掌握词汇学习技巧,提升自主学习与合作探究能力。
教学重难点
教学重点:理解次生灾害(secondary disaster)的概念,掌握福岛地震案例的灾害连锁顺序。掌握复合词(compound words)和派生词(derivatives)的构词规则,能运用规则完成词形变化。
掌握核心句型: A causes B, which leads to C... 描述灾害连锁反应。
教学难点: 理解灾害连锁反应的逻辑,准确完成句子排序。灵活运用构词法规则,完成派生词、复合词的变形与识别。学生用完整句型描述次生灾害的逻辑链,避免表达混乱。
教学过程——主要思路
Step 1: Warm-up & Lead-in
播放一段15秒日本311地震+海啸的真实新闻视频(无语言,仅有画面+海浪声)。
提问:
What did you see? (earthquake, huge waves)
What happened after the earthquake? (tsunami, fire, explosion)
引出句子:“One disaster can cause another. These are secondary disasters.”
设计意图:用真实图片唤醒学生已有知识,从“主灾害”自然过渡到“次生灾害”,降低入门难度,激发学习兴趣,符合学生的认知起点。
Step 2: Pre-reading
活动1:核心词汇铺垫
每组发放一套“词根+词缀”卡片(如:land + slide, earth + quake, second + ary)。
学生两人一组,组合出正确的单词,并说出中文意思。
快速抢答:教师展示单词图片,学生说出对应的复合词或派生词。
secondary:拆分second + -ary,关联“第二的、次要的”,引出“次生的”含义
landslide:拆分land + slide,直观理解“山体滑坡”
tsunami:标注发音,结合地震图片讲解“海啸”
radioactivity:拆分radio + activity,关联“放射性”
nuclear power plant:结合福岛案例讲解“核电站”
earth + quake → earthquake
活动2:预读问题引导(教材第1题)
1. 展示两个预读问题,让学生小组讨论:
A. What's a secondary disaster? Give an example.
B. How do we get the word secondary from second?
2. 邀请小组分享,教师补充总结,带着问题进入阅读
设计意图:分层拆解词汇,降低阅读障碍;预读问题引导学生带着目标阅读,符合学生的阅读习惯,提升阅读效率。
Step 3: While-reading
活动1:Skimming
1. 让学生快速默读短文,回答问题:
T: "What is the main example of secondary disasters in the passage?"
引导学生找出:The 2011 Japan earthquake and its secondary disasters (tsunami, nuclear explosion, radioactivity)
活动2:精读完成句子排序(教材第2题)
每组发放4张句子卡片(C、D、B、A)和一张空白流程图(带箭头)。
学生合作将卡片贴在正确顺序上,并用箭头标出因果关系。
逐句讲解逻辑链,板书灾害连锁顺序:
C → D → B → A
定位句1:On March 11, 2011, the largest earthquake ever recorded in Japan caused great destruction.(C)
定位句2:Tsunami waves hit the coastal area less than half an hour later.(D)
定位句3:These waves damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. In the following days, explosions occurred at the plant.(B)
定位句4:Lots of radioactivity got into the ocean and came down from the atmosphere.(A)
每组展示流程图,用“First... Then... Next... Finally...”口头复述。
活动3:细节理解
1. 提问:Why are secondary disasters more dangerous?
引导学生找出:They create more damages. Disasters often cause a chain reaction, leading to more problems.
2. 强调核心观点:It is everyone's responsibility to take action to reduce disasters or secondary disasters.
设计意图:从略读主旨到精读细节,层层递进,符合学生的阅读规律;时间线索帮助学生梳理逻辑,降低排序难度;复述环节强化逻辑表达,为口语输出做铺垫。
Step 4: Grammar Practice
活动1:构词法讲解(教材第3题)
1. 结合教材例句,归纳两种构词规则,
Compound words(复合词):两个或多个单词组合成新词
例:land + slide = landslide; earth + quake = earthquake; tooth + brush = toothbrush
Derivatives(派生词):给单词加前缀/后缀构成新词- 例:second + -ary = secondary; harm + -ful = harmful
2. 让学生圈出Activity 2中的复合词(如power plant, earthquake, tsunami等),巩固规则
活动2:词形填空(教材第4题)
1. 让学生独立完成填空(给3分钟,学生可对照构词规则)
2. 核对答案,逐题讲解构词逻辑:
B. I feel very lucky to have escaped the earthquake, and luckily all of my family members were safe, too.
(luck → 形容词lucky;lucky → 副词luckily,加-y/-ily)
C. Their rich imagination and creativity have inspired the creation of the new products.
(create → 名词creativity;create → 名词creation)
E. The firefighter bravely fights against the fire to protect the people.
(fire + fight + -er → firefighter,复合词+后缀)
F. The land, including rocks and soil, slides down from the mountain and forms a landslide.
(land + slide → landslide,复合词)
3. 带领学生齐读单词,强化构词规则.
设计意图:从实例归纳规则,符合学生的认知规律;填空练习巩固规则,帮助学生掌握词汇学习技巧,提升自主学习能力。
Step 5: Post-reading
活动1:句型铺垫
1. 提炼核心口语句型,板书:
A is a secondary disaster caused by B.
First, ... happens. Then, ... leads to ... Finally, ...
It is everyone's duty to ...
2. 教师示范: Tsunami is a secondary disaster caused by earthquake. First, the earthquake happens. Then, it causes huge waves. Finally, the waves hit the coast and damage buildings.
活动2:结对讨论
1. 学生两人一组,讨论:What secondary disasters can be caused by a typhoon?(要求:用First/Then/Finally描述连锁反应,给3分钟)
2. 邀请2-3组学生上台分享,教师给予鼓励性评价
设计意图:从句型示范到结对练习,降低口语输出难度;针对学生的个性化指导,帮助其克服开口困难,强化逻辑表达。
Step 6: Summary & Homework
活动1:课堂总结
1. 教师带领学生回顾:
次生灾害的概念与福岛地震的灾害连锁顺序
复合词、派生词的构词规则
核心句型: First...Then...Finally... 描述连锁反应
2. 强调:Disasters are terrible, but we can reduce their damage by knowing secondary disasters and taking action.
活动2:分层作业
1. 基础作业:用流程图画出地震→海啸→核泄漏的灾害链,并写出3个复合词、2个派生词。
2. 提升作业:以“家庭防灾宣传员”身份,写一段60词的防灾提醒,包含至少2个次生灾害和1个责任句型(It is everyone’s duty to...)。
3. 实践作业:和家人一起完成“家庭防灾清单”(如:应急包物品、逃生路线),下节课分享。
设计意图 :总结梳理知识,强化记忆;分层作业符合学生的实际水平,基础作业保证掌握,提升作业鼓励进阶,实践作业联系生活,落实核心素养。
Step 7: Blackboard design
Lesson 3 Secondary disasters
🌀 Disaster Chain Reaction (Japan 2011)
C. Earthquake → D. Tsunami → B. Explosion → A. Radioactivity
📚 Word Formation Rules
✅ Compound Words: 两个单词组合
land + slide = landslide
earth + quake = earthquake
✅ Derivatives: 加前缀/后缀
second + -ary = secondary
luck → lucky → luckily
💬 Core Sentences
First...Then...Next...Finally...
A is a secondary disaster caused by B.
It is everyone's responsibility to...
1 / 2
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$