英语非谓语动词专题讲解课件 -2026届高三英语三轮复习专项

英语非谓语动词专题讲解 non-predicate Teaching objectives 知识目标：掌握非谓语动词（to do、doing、done）的三种基本形式及核心含义，明确每种形式对应的语法功能（作定语、状语、宾语等），熟记高频固定搭配（如 like doing、decide to do 等），区分易混用法。 能力目标：能熟练运用 “找谓语→判逻辑主语→定主动 / 被动 / 目的” 的三步法，准确判断非谓语动词的正确形式，能在语法填空、完形填空等题型中快速解题。 思维目标：培养逻辑推理与归纳总结能力，能通过分析句子结构、逻辑关系，梳理非谓语与谓语的区别、三种非谓语形式的用法差异。 素养目标：夯实英语语法基础，消除非谓语学习的畏难情绪，能在简单书面表达中合理运用非谓语动词优化句子结构。 年份试卷 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 名词 形容词副词 代词 冠词 介词 并列连词 状语从句 名词性从句 定语从句 2025新课标I卷 2 1 3 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 2025新课标Ⅱ卷 1 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 2024新课标I卷 1 1 3 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 2024新课标Ⅱ卷 2 3 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 2023新课标I卷 0 4 0 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 2023新课标Ⅱ卷 1 1 2 2 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 一、什么是非谓语 一句话： 一个简单句子里已经有谓语动词了，剩下还想用的动词，不能再做谓语，就要变成非谓语。 非谓语三种形式： to do 不定式 doing 现在分词 / 动名词 done 过去分词 二、谓语 vs 非谓语核心区别 1. 身份作用不同 • 谓语：句子的心脏，做主干，表示主语做什么 / 是什么。 • 非谓语：只是修饰成分，相当于形容词、副词、名词，不作句子主干。 2. 数量规则不同 • 一个简单句，只能有 1 个谓语。 • 多余的动词必须变非谓语，不能再当谓语。 3. 时态人称变化不同 • 谓语：有人称、时态、单复数变化 He likes music.（谓语，第三人称单数） • 非谓语：没人称、没时态、不随主语变化 He likes to sing. （to sing 非谓语，不变形） 4. 能否单独作谓语 • 谓语：可以单独作句子谓语 • 非谓语：绝对不能单独作谓语 典型问题 Typical problems 一问：不会判断到底填谓语动词还是非谓语动词 二问：判断出来是非谓语动词后，无法判断非谓语动词的正确形式 Step 1 判断到底填谓语动词还是非谓语动词 完形 / 语法填空 判断填谓语还是非谓语？ 核心判定口诀 先看句子有没有真正谓语； 有谓语 → 填非谓语； 无谓语 → 填谓语动词。 第一步：怎么找句子 “有没有谓语” 找时态动词（am/is/are/was/were/do/does/did/have/has/had/ 实义动词变形） 看有没有连词：and/but/so/because/when/if 等 有连词 = 可以多一套主谓；没连词 = 只能一个谓语。 第二步：判定标准 情况 1：整句没有谓语动词 → 空格一定填谓语 要考虑：时态 + 语态 + 主谓一致 情况 2：整句已经有谓语，且无连词 → 空格一定填非谓语 只能选：to do / doing / done 第三步：举例讲解 例 1：He ____(like) playing basketball. 分析：句子无其他谓语，也无连词 → 缺谓语。主语 He 三单 → 填 likes（谓语） 例 2：He likes ____(play) basketball. 分析：已有谓语 likes，无连词 → 不能再来一个谓语→ 填 to play / playing（非谓语） 例 3：The girl ____(stand) there is my friend. 分析：已有谓语 is，无连词 → 不能再做谓语→ 填 standing（非谓语，主动） 例 4：The book ____(write) by Lu Xun is popular. 分析：已有谓语 is → 用非谓语 书被写 → written（过去分词表被动） 例 5：____(see) from the hill, the park looks beautiful. 分析：主句已有谓语 looks → 前面用非谓语。公园被看 → Seen 例 6：He hurried home, ____(leave) his bag at school. 分析：逗号隔开，已有谓语 hurried → 后面非谓语。主动关系 → leaving 1.Last night, we __________(invite) many friends. 2.Last night, we held a party and _________ (invite) many friends. 3.Last night, we held a party where many friends _________ (invite). 4. Last night, we held a party, ________ (invite) many friends. 5.The girl stood there, with her eyes _____________(fix) on the beautiful picture. 谓语 谓语 谓语 非谓语 非谓语 or or 非谓语 non-predicate verbs 谓语 predicate verbs 无谓语，无连词 有谓语， 有连词 有谓语， 无连词 谓语动词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 总结：双无双有则谓，有谓无连则非 1. The boy sat there and ______ (read) a book. 2. The boy sat there, ___ ___ (read) a book. 3. The professor _____ _ (give) us a lecture now. 4. The professor who _____ _ (give) us a lecture now comes from Peking University. 5. The professor ____ __ (give) us a lecture now comes from Peking University. 6. The play _____ _ (perform) last night and it was written by Shakespeare. 7. The play that _____ _ (perform) last night was written by Shakespeare. 8. The play ____ __ (perform) last night was written by Shakespeare. 谓语 非谓语 非谓语 非谓语 谓语 谓语 谓语 谓语 Step 2 判断非谓语动词的正确形式 怎么判断非谓语填 to do / doing / done 一、先记住：非谓语就三种形式 1. to do 不定式：表目的、将来、未做 2. doing 现在分词：表主动、进行 3. done 过去分词：表被动、完成 二、万能三步判定法 第一步：先定是不是非谓语 句子已有谓语、无连词 → 确定用非谓语 第二步：看逻辑主语和动词的关系 主动关系 → 选 doing；被动关系 → 选 done； 表目的/将来… → 选 to do 第三步：再微调时间 doing：主动 + 正在进行 done：被动 + 已经完成 to do：将要做、目的 三、逐类精讲 + 例句 1. 填 doing 的情况 口诀：主动、进行、自然结果 逻辑主语主动发出动作 → 用 doing 例 1： The girl smiling at me is my classmate. girl 和 smile 是主动 → smiling 例 2： He sat there, reading a book. he 主动读书 → reading 2. 填 done 的情况 口诀：被动、完成、被别人做 逻辑主语承受动作 → 用 done 例 1： The house built last year is big. house 被建造 → built 例 2： Frightened by the dog, the boy cried. boy 被吓到 → Frightened 3. 填 to do 的情况 口诀：表目的、将来、打算做 例 1： He went to the shop to buy some food. 去商店为了买 → 目的用 to do 例 2： I have something to tell you. 有事情要告诉你 → 将来未做用 to do 非谓语动词 三种基本形式 动词 不定式 现在 分词 过去 分词 to do doing done （1）She gets up early to catch the first bus. （2）The meeting is to be held next week. →动词不定式to do在句中通常表:_____和_____。 （3）The teacher came into the classroom, holding a book in his hand. （4）I heard someone knocking at the door just now. →现在分词(doing)通常在句中表:_____和_____。 （5） Scolded by his teacher, the boy felt very sad. （6）The polluted river is a big problem in this area. →过去分词(done)通常在句中表:_____和_____。 目的 将来 主动 进行 被动 完成 逻辑主语 非谓语不是谓语，没有真正的主语，所以要找一个「逻辑上的主语」来判断： 1. Walking in the park, I saw a dog. 2. Seen from the top, the city looks amazing. 非谓语作「状语」 逻辑主语 = 句子的主语（独立主格除外） 1. The bridge built last year is beautiful. 2. The girl singing in the room is my sister. 非谓语作「定语」 逻辑主语 = 前面被修饰的名词/代词 1. We saw the children playing in the park. 2. He stood there with his hands tied behind his back. 非谓语作「宾补」 逻辑主语 =前面的宾语 1. This fungal (真菌的) network links the roots of different plants to each other. ______ (use) the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other 2. ___ ___ (attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. 3. The man ________ (talk) to our teacher is my father. 4. The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world’s longest bridge ______ (build) over permafrost. 5. With us long _____ _ (believe) that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all. 6. Orange trees make great gifts and you see them many times _____ ____ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. Practice Using Attracted talking built believing decorated 错题重做 1. In 2014,the Yi costumes of Chuxiong were included in the national intangible cultural heritage list, (become) one of the symbols of Yi culture. 2. Every year during major Yi festivals,these costumes, (decorate)with shiny silver omaments(装饰品), always attract countless visitors eager to learn about Yi culture. 3. Tourist attractions across China, including the Leshan Giant Buddha, are stepping up their promotional efforts (attract )overseas visitors. 4. In fact, these suits were initially projected to have a lifespan (寿命) of 15 EVAs within a three-year window,but they have gone beyond their expected lifespan—with one suit 59. ________(use) 17 times. 5. _____________(support) astronauts during lengthy and demanding spacewalks, Feitian spacesuits include integrated food and water supplies, ensuring astronauts maintain energy levels throughout their EVAs. 6. ____________(weigh) about 286 pounds, this suit is a piece of engineering designed to resist the extreme conditions of space. becoming decorated to attract used To support Weighing 1. These sepals(萼片)open on warm days (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.（24年1卷） 2. Two years later,a six-meter-tall pavilion, (inspire) by ThePeonyPavilion,was built at the Firs Garden,just ten minutes’walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.(24年2卷) 3. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. (25年2卷) 4 (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, "It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed."（(24年2卷) 5 With the sun (shine) and the wind (blow), we set off for the mountains.（23年1卷改编） 高考链接 left inspired to give Recalling shining blowing Summary 1. 如何确定填谓语还是非谓语？ 2.谓语动词形式如何判断？ 双无双有则谓，有谓无连则非 找逻辑主语 → 表目的和将来，用__________________ → 表主动和进行，用__________________ → 表被动和完成，用__________________ 不定式to do 现在分词doing 过去分词done Homework：根据非谓语的考点设空 Liang Desong's father, a well-respected local Miao painter, pioneered the application of Miao patternsdirectly onto clothes in place of embroidery, marking a significant transformation from embroideryto stand-alone paintings. Liang Desong has been fond of Miao painting since his childhood. In his youth，Liang was forced to leave home to take up various jobs to make a living. But he never gave up the art entirely. After 2002, as the government spotlighted intangible cultural heritage, he returned home, devoted to making Miao painting more adaptable to modern needs. His works received acceptance from scholars and experts, attracting a growing number of collectors.Orders have flown in for his creations over the past years. 1. The problem discussed at the meeting yesterday remains to be solved. 2. Having finished his homework, he went out to play basketball with his friends. 3. What the young man is eager for is to be admitted into a key university. 4. The man being interviewed by the reporters is a famous scientist. 5. Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful than ever before. predicate verbs or non-predicate verbs？ Thank you $